Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Traitement à bord'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Traitement à bord.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Mortensen, Ivar. "Traitement en bande de base pour charges utiles à régénération bord /." Paris : École nationale supérieure des télécommunications, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36708179w.
Full textMortensen, Ivar Andreas. "Traitement en bande de base pour charges utiles en régénération bord." Paris, ENST, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ENST0026.
Full textLevy, Michel. "Les algorithmes de relaxation en traitement d'image : convergence, stabilité et cohérence." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112441.
Full textAfter the state of the art about the different relaxation processes, we concentrate on the study of the algorithm introduced by Rosenfeld, Hummel and Zucker in 1976. We establish links between dynamic systems' concepts (equilibrium, stability, asymptotic stability) and relaxation's concepts (ambiguity, non-ambiguity, super-ambiguity, consistency, strict consistency). We prove that during the procedure, the consistency increases and converges. We then introduce a new algorithm, in which, at every site, labels no more compete with one another. It works far better, each time a multiple labelling is possible or even necessary (edge detection, segmentation, etc. ). We prove for that procedure, the same properties as for the standard algorithm. This theoretical part is followed by a large experimental study of edge detection. We deal with the problems of: initial edge detection, compatibility dhoice, comparison between standard relaxation and our algorithm, asymptotic behavior, evolution of consistency and entropy, and finally robustness to compatibilities’ perturbations
Vechembre, Sophie. "Traitement et exploitation des incidents en industrie pharmaceutique." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR2P049.
Full textWu, Qin. "Élaboration d'algorithmesde la reconnaissance vocale à bord de véhicule." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112293.
Full textThis dissertation treats principally the problem of recognition of isolated words pronounced inside a vehicule. In this particular application, the noise injected into the recognition system has a high and variable level with respect to the speech signal. The different chapters will deal with: the localisation of the speech phrase within the noise, the discrimination of noise with respect to speech, - the adaptation of the system with respect to the ambient environment, the noise soustraction. Algorithms for speech recognition are also discussed and developed. The last chapter describes a speech recognition system designed around o single-chip microprocesseur (INTEL 8096)
Germain, Olivier. "Segmentation d'images radar : caractérisation des détecteurs de bord et apport des contours actifs statistiques." Aix-Marseille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX30003.
Full textSynthetic Aperture Radar (SAP) allows high resolution Earth observation in any weather condition, both day and night. The drawback of such a system compared to classical optical sensors that it provides images strongly corrupted by the speckle effect, whose automatic interpretation therefore drastically limited. This thesis is devoted to SAR image segmentation, which is a fund mental step to facilitate and improve the analysis of the image. Work is performed according two main lines. Firstly, we characterize the spatial accuracy of a speckle-dedicated family of edge detectors, that commonly used in SAR imagery. We show in particular that these detectors deliver a biased edje location in some situations where the analyzing window is not adapted to the edge (tilted edge, sinuous edge, correlated speckle). A simple phenomenological model is proposed to describe this property and give an approximative expression of the bias. Secondly, we use the technique of Statistical Active Contour (SAC) to improve the location of the contour of one object in a scene. Used in cooperation with the edge detector, the SAC offers notable refinement of the segmentation, by correcting the bias and reducing the variance on the contour location. .
Mesnager, Gilles. "Évaluation de méthodes spectrales pour le traitement à bord de données issues d'un radar à synthèse d'ouverture." Toulouse, INPT, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPT060H.
Full textMignot, Shan. "Vers un demonstrateur pour la détection autonome des objets à bord de Gaia." Phd thesis, Observatoire de Paris, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00340279.
Full textBaccou, Jean. "Analyses multirésolutions et problèmes de bord : applications au traitement d'images et à la résolution numérique d'équations aux dérivées partielles." Aix-Marseille 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX11061.
Full textAuphan, Thomas. "Analyse de modèles pour ITER ; Traitement des conditions aux limites de systèmes modélisant le plasma de bord dans un tokamak." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00977893.
Full textBalci, Eric. "Capital immatériel et économie virtuelle, normalisation ISO et pilotage par tableau de bord prospectif : une étude exploratoire dans le secteur du traitement de déchets." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CNAM1043.
Full textIn the global economy, the virtual economy and intellectual capital are the privileged field of value creation, differentiation and productivity gains. At the macro level is the main engine of growth to new factors. The growing role of intangible capital also the problem of its measurement by new relevant indicators, its valuation (monetary and quality), its appreciation by stakeholders and its influence on competitiveness. Hence our proposal of an ISO standardization and an array of strategic edge (forward) in this thesis. The current situation steering and its valuation is no longer satisfactory. First, because the financial statements give only a partial valuation of intangible capital. Then because there is no clear definition of the concept or method recognized and shared to ensure its control. Finally, in terms of valuation and recognition, if financial markets already integrate and intangible capital already in the valuation of companies, they are more efficient because other factors such as global speculation affect the prices of actions. So, the market value does not provide details on the components of intellectual capital (human, brand, research and development, patents etc.), essential for driving in these economies increasingly virtual
Zéboudj, Rachid. "Filtrage, seuillage automatique, contraste et contours : du pré-traitement à l'analyse d'image." Saint-Etienne, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STET4001.
Full textPinoli, Jean-Charles. "Contribution à la modélisation, au traitement et à l'analyse d'image." Saint-Etienne, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STET4005.
Full textSolano, Martinez Javier Enrique. "Modélisation et supervision des flux énergétiques à bord d'un véhicule hybride lourd : approche par logique floue de type-2." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00947626.
Full textOseret, Emmanuel. "Analyse et conception d'algorithmes et d'architectures embarqués à bord de satellites d'observation spatiale : application au satellite GAIA et généralisation à la compression d'images astronomiques." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008VERS0030.
Full textWith the increase of the resolution of the instruments on board space observation satellites and the remoteness of their orbit (which reduce their uplink rate), it became necessary to move on board some processing tasks. But traditional image compression methods are both too heavy and inappropriate for starry sky images. But it is much more effective to detect the background and then drop it in sending only signal. In this approach, we have proposed algorithmic and architectural solutions from selection of the pixels of objects to their storage in anticipation of their transmission. In particular, we have proposed new selection algorithms, added a precompression phase and designed a low consumption storage architecture for a large-size telemetry buffer. The feasibility of these solutions has been demonstrated for the GAIA satellite
Solano, Javier. "Modélisation et supervision des flux énergétiques à bord d'un véhicule hybride lourd : approche par logique floue de type-2." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00699896.
Full textSerrano-Soucarre, Jacqueline. "Integration sur reseau prediffuse d'un systeme d'extraction de contours." Toulouse, INSA, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ISAT0041.
Full textBechar, Hassane. "Comparaison d'images : Application à la surveillance et au suivi de trajectoire." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10062.
Full textHachouf, Fella. "Télédétection des contours linéaires." Rouen, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ROUES027.
Full textNjonkou, Fankam Marc-Aurèle. "Analyse du mouvement dans les séquences d'images et filtrage linéaire récursif." Rouen, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ROUES046.
Full textBahl, Gaétan. "Architectures deep learning pour l'analyse d'images satellite embarquée." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2022. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03789667.
Full textThe recent advances in high-resolution Earth observation satellites and the reduction in revisit times introduced by the creation of constellations of satellites has led to the daily creation of large amounts of image data hundreds of TeraBytes per day). Simultaneously, the popularization of Deep Learning techniques allowed the development of architectures capable of extracting semantic content from images. While these algorithms usually require the use of powerful hardware, low-power AI inference accelerators have recently been developed and have the potential to be used in the next generations of satellites, thus opening the possibility of onboard analysis of satellite imagery. By extracting the information of interest from satellite images directly onboard, a substantial reduction in bandwidth, storage and memory usage can be achieved. Current and future applications, such as disaster response, precision agriculture and climate monitoring, would benefit from a lower processing latency and even real-time alerts.In this thesis, our goal is two-fold: On the one hand, we design efficient Deep Learning architectures that are able to run on low-power edge devices, such as satellites or drones, while retaining a sufficient accuracy. On the other hand, we design our algorithms while keeping in mind the importance of having a compact output that can be efficiently computed, stored, transmitted to the ground or other satellites within a constellation.First, by using depth-wise separable convolutions and convolutional recurrent neural networks, we design efficient semantic segmentation neural networks with a low number of parameters and a low memory usage. We apply these architectures to cloud and forest segmentation in satellite images. We also specifically design an architecture for cloud segmentation on the FPGA of OPS-SAT, a satellite launched by ESA in 2019, and perform onboard experiments remotely. Second, we develop an instance segmentation architecture for the regression of smooth contours based on the Fourier coefficient representation, which allows detected object shapes to be stored and transmitted efficiently. We evaluate the performance of our method on a variety of low-power computing devices. Finally, we propose a road graph extraction architecture based on a combination of fully convolutional and graph neural networks. We show that our method is significantly faster than competing methods, while retaining a good accuracy
Baconnais, Maxime. "Méthode intégrée de corrélation d’images et de corrélation d’images virtuelles." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ECDN0069.
Full textDigital Image Correlation (DIC) is now com-monly used in academic and industrial settings. In-deed, this method allows to measure the displace-ment field of a surface with high accuracy, good reso-lution and with a simple experimental setup. Howe-ver, image correlation does not allows accurate mea-surement in border areas, sample edges and cracks.The objective of this thesis is to use the VirtualImage Correlation (VIC) method to measure the po-sition of the edges and improve the accuracy of theDIC in these areas. The proposed strategy is basedon three points : the creation of a adapted measure-ment mesh to the geometry, the generation of a pixelmask to remove the edge pixels and the constrainedresolution of the DIC.Different test cases on synthetic images and ex-perimental data show the interest of the integra-ted method. First, the knowledge of the initial posi-tion of the border allows the automatic creation ofan adapted mesh. It is also shown that the simpleuse of a pixel mask reduces significantly the boun-dary error, both in synthetic and real cases. For thecase of constrained resolution, it is shown that itreduces measurement errors in synthetic cases. Ho-wever, this result could not be confirmed in the ap-plication cases, due to the quality of the boundarydoes not allows an accurate measurement and thusan improvement of the DIC results
Beneteau, Clément. "Modèles homogénéisés enrichis en présence de bords : Analyse et traitement numérique." Thesis, Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021IPPAE001.
Full textWhen we are interested in the propagation of waves in a periodic medium at low frequency (i.e. wavelength large compared to the period length), it is possible to model the periodic medium by an equivalent or effective homogeneous medium which has the same macroscopic properties. It is the homogenization theory that mathematically justifies this process. This process is very attractive because numerical calculations are then much less expensive (the small periodic structure has disappeared) and analytical calculations are again possible in certain configurations. The waves in the periodic medium and in the effective medium are very close from a macroscopic point of view except in the presence of boundaries or interfaces.Indeed, it is well known that the homogenized model is obtained by neglecting the boundary effects and consequently, it is much less precise at the boundaries of the periodic medium. When interesting phenomena appear at the edges of the middle (such as the propagation of plasmonic waves on the surface of metamaterials for example), it therefore seems difficult to trust the effective model.Returning to the homogenization process, we propose a homogenized model which is richer at the boundaries. The enriched homogenized model is as simple as the classical homogenized model far from the interfaces, only the boundary conditions change and take better account of the phenomena. We apply this model to an elliptical equation in the case of the simple geometry of the half-plane with Dirichlet or Neumann type conditions. From a numerical point of view, in addition to classic cell problems that appear in homogenization, periodic band problems must also be solved. Finally, we apply these results to the long time wave equation
Zhang, Qidao. "Traitement d'image d'intérêt médical par techniques d'ondelettes." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112027.
Full textMoreau, Valentine. "Méthodologie de représentation des impacts environnementaux locaux et planétaires, directs et indirects - Application aux technologies de l'information." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00843151.
Full textMarou, Francois. "Procédés thermiques rapides : étude de l'oxydation du silicium et de l'activation de l'impureté bore implantée." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30044.
Full textBouaziz, Karime Ines. "Traitement de solutions organiques diluées par couplage adsorption-oxydation électrochimique." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2617/.
Full textThe aim of this study is the treatment of organic pollutants discharged in wastewater at low concentrations using the coupling adsorption-electrochemical oxidation. The compounds chosen as model are phenol and methylene blue. The aim is to separate pollutants by adsorption, three adsorbants were studied: activated carbon, graphite felt (Nyex(r)) and sawdust and to regenerate adsorbant by desorption while oxidizing electrochemically the organic compound. The results show that sawdust is the only one totally regenerated by polarization. Furthermore, the treatment by polarization leads to the activation of the sawdust adsorption properties (increase by a factor of 4) due to the electrochemical reduction of the chemical function of the lignin. All the results highlight that the coupling adsorption-electro-oxidation is promising for the treatment of diluted solutions
Ben, Younes Ridha. "Contribution à l'amélioration qualitative et quantitative des images de médecine nucléaire en tomographie d'émission à simple photon." Besançon, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BESA2008.
Full textBenaissa, Mohamed Abel. "Utilisation des échangeurs d'ions dans le traitement des effluents nucléaires." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20160.
Full textJelea, Andrei. "Etude quantique de la réactivité du bore en milieu graphitique." Aix-Marseille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX11016.
Full textThe doping with boron was proposed as solution for limiting the chemical erosion of the graphite made plasma facing components (PFC), in the fusion devices. For de-trapping of the hydrogen isotopes from the PFC's the best method seems to be the exposure to oxygen. This theoretical study treats by static or molecular dynamics DFT calculations on the fundamental features of the boron doped graphite surfaces and also on the oxygen-hydrogen reactions on pure or boron doped graphite surfaces. The substitutional doping (12 at. % B) allows diminishing 3 to 5 times the activation energies of the Langmuir-Hinshelwood reactions between oxygen and hydrogen. As a consequence, these species can be more easily eliminated from the doped surfaces in the form of water molecules. Similar results were observed for a 25 at. % B doping. The boron has to be uniformly distributed in the surface, otherwise structure modifications with implications on reactivity may occur. The H/C saturation ratio (81. 5%) for the 11 at. % boron doped surface is higher than for a pure graphite one (40%). However a previous study showed that the mobility of hydrogen on the doped surfaces is higher, this increasing the recombination yield, thus the dehydrogenation. From the molecular dynamics viewpoint, in the limits of our models, the atomic oxygen is a good dehydrogenation agent, the presence of boron increasing the dehydrogenation yield. In the fusion devices the boronisation is realised using boron hydrides. Consequently the interaction of these compounds with a graphite surface was analyzed in this study. The boron hydrides chemisorb on graphite. Some of the adsorbed hydrides can serve as departure points for the growing of carbon-boron films
Philippe, Thomas. "Précipitation du bore dans le silicium : expérience, méthodologie et modélisation." Phd thesis, Université de Rouen, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00648694.
Full textMignot, Shan. "Towards a demonstrator for autonomous object detection on board Gaia." Observatoire de Paris (1667-....), 2008. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00340279v2.
Full textESA's cornerstone mission Gaia aims at building a star catalogue limited only by their magnitudes. The expected billion objects must be detected on board in real-time before they can be observed and the scientific and technical requirements make this an engineering challenge. We have devised a prototype to assess achievable performances and assist in sizing the on-board electronics (PDHE TDA). It is based on a sequence of four tasks: calibrating the incoming data from the CCDs, estimating the sky background, identifying the objects and, finally, characterising them to command subsequent observations. Although inspired by previous similar studies (APM, Sextractor), this approach has been thoroughly revisited and finely adapted to Gaia. Following the recommendations of the PDHE TDA, a mixed implementation is proposed which deals with the important data flow and the hard real-time constraints in hardware (FPGA) and entrusts more complex or variable processing to software. The segmentation also corresponds to subdividing the previous operations in pixel-based and object-based domains. Our demonstrator shows that the scientific specifications are met in terms of completeness, of precision and of robustness to the variety of observing conditions while, technically speaking, our pipeline, optimised for area and power consumption, allows for identifying a target technology. Our model has not been retained for the industrial phases of Gaia but, beside it recognised usefulness in the project, represents R&D for the forthcoming generation of satellites
Aimer, Yassine. "Traitement par oxydation électrochimique des rejets agricoles chargés en pesticides." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30189.
Full textThe discharges of the agricultural practices (phytosanitary treatments, rinsing of equipment and atomizers) constitute an important cause of the ecosystem degradation. These practices establish a direct threat for the environment, the living beings and especially for the human health. Consequently, the development of processes to detoxify the pesticide residues before their release in the environment is needed. This study is devoted on the electrochemical oxidation of an organophosphorus compound, the Dimethoate (DIM) using a boron doped diamond anode. The obtained results were compared with the ones obtained by oxidation with the sulfate radical. For both cases, the target molecule has disappeared but the selective reaction of sulfate radicals with organics led to the production of intermediates which are less biodegradable than DIM. Whereas the electrochemical oxidation of DIM via hydroxyl radicals showed that it was possible to render the solution biodegradable without reaching a complete mineralization
Janisson, Stéphane. "Etude des jets de plasma et du traitement des particules en projection plasma avec mélanges ternaires de gaz en atmosphère et température contrôlées." Limoges, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIMO0046.
Full textThis work deals with the use of ternary gas mixtures Ar-He-H2 for plasma spraying, in controlled atmosphere and temperature. These ternary gas mixtures were used to spray boron carbide powder in argon atmosphere at ambient pressure. The various sub-systems that make up the whole plasma spraying process have been studied : (i) plasma jet formation in the anode-nozzle, (ii) plasma flow outside the gun, (iii) plasma/particle interactions and (iv) coating formation. .
Baccou, Jean. "Analyses multirésolutions et problèmes de bords: applications au traitement d'images et à la résolution numérique d'équations aux dérivées partielles." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008618.
Full textCintosun, Esen. "Analyses expérimentale, numérique et optimisation de traitements acoustiques multicouches à base de matériaux viscoélastiques et poreux pour réduire le bruit à bord de l’avion." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8769.
Full textAbstract : The project is made up of three main parts. The first part involves a comprehensive experimental and numerical analysis of viscoelastic damping materials as acoustic treatments to aircraft fuselage structures. The second part involves numerical and experimental acoustic comparison of viscoelastic damping material to equivalent mass. And the third part is a parametric study of equivalent mass for the effects of mass location, density and size. The goal of the project is to identify the vibroacoustic effect of viscoelastic material damping of fuselage skin, and develop possible alternatives to damping. The insulation systems (typically used on aircraft) that are made up of porous materials with or without viscoelastic damping material or equivalent mass were called sound packages throughout this document. The viscoelastic damping material and equivalent mass both incorporated in sound packages were acoustically compared. Fiberglass and open cell foam were used as porous materials. The viscoelastic damping material used in this study is constraining layer damping and abbreviated as CLD. The equivalent mass was an impervious screen. Both representative Aluminum and carbon composite fuselage skin structures were treated with sound packages as part of the comparison. The vibroacoustic performance indicators were used to characterize the sound packages. The indicators were airborne insertion loss (ABIL), structure borne insertion loss (SBIL), turbulent boundary layer insertion loss (TBLIL), average quadratic velocity (AQV), damping loss factor (DLF), absorption coefficient, and radiation efficiency. Diffuse field acoustic excitation was used to obtain the vibroacoustic indicators of ABIL and absorption coefficient. Mechanical excitation was used to obtain SBIL, AQV, DLF, absorption coefficient, and radiation efficiency. Turbulent boundary layer excitation was modeled to obtain TBLIL. The numerical methods of finite element method (FEM) and transfer matrix method (TMM) were used to calculate all of the above vibroacoustic performance indicators. Experimentally, ABIL, SBIL, AQV, DLF and radiation efficiency were measured. Experimental modal analysis was also performed to characterize representative Aluminum and carbon composite fuselage skin structures. Based on the numerical analysis, equivalent mass generated a double or multiple (in case of double wall layer configuration) wall effect and hence became an effective acoustic insulator as part of sound packages at mid to high frequencies. Even at coincidence frequencies (in case of the representative carbon composite fuselage skin), the equivalent mass layer was more effective than viscoelastic damping material. However, the drawback was the occurrence of the double wall resonance at lower frequencies which compromised the effectiveness. Nevertheless, the parametric study of equivalent mass revealed that equivalent mass is superior to viscoelastic damping material at reduced weight in term of vibroacoustic performance indicators of overall ABIL/SBIL/TBLIL in the frequency range of 100 to 6300 Hz and mean ABIL/SBIL/TBLIL in SIL (octave lk, 2k, 4k Hz) frequency range.
Senziani, Fabio. "Monitoring of X-ray binaries and novae with the Burst alert telescope on board the Swift satellite." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/210/.
Full textThe Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) on board the Swift satellite is a very useful tool for hard X/gamma-ray astronomy. Thanks to its good sensitivity, huge field of view, and pointing strategy covering all the sky, BAT is a suitable instrument to monitor known hard X-ray sources as well as to catch and study new transients. In this thesis, new procedures to analyse the BAT survey data are described with details and the first astrophysical results on galactic accreting sources discussed. Three X-ray binaries were observed and studied: the microquasar GRO J1655-40 during its 2005 outburst, the SFXT IGR J08408-4503 during its third recorded outburst and the symbiotic LMXB 4U 1954+319. A search for prompt gamma-ray emission due to downgraded decay of radioactive elements from novae was also performed. The emission of RS Oph, possibly due to shock heating, led to a detection. The probability of detecting a nova during the Swift lifetime was estimated using a Monte Carlo approach
Faussemagne, Arielle. "Evolution des propriétés de surface de l'acier 100Cr6 par implantation et mélange ioniques." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10167.
Full textGirard, Hugues. "Traitements électrochimiques contrôlés sur diamant : corrélation entre chimie superficielle et réactivité électrochimique." Phd thesis, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00526505.
Full textIriarte, perez Luis. "Les difficultés dans le lien social chez des sujets en milieu carcéral : l’emprisonnement est-il un mode de traitement ?" Thesis, Rennes 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN20052.
Full textThe concept of social bond has been examined by different theoretical currents throughout history, such as philosophy, sociology and psychology. We will approach it taking into account what the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan was able to elaborate in his teaching, starting from two specifics notions: the discourse and the symptom. The first gives an account of how settled relations in different structures of our society. The second takes into consideration how an individual is related to another by the most singular features of each. So we will start from these theories to examine the difficulties in the social bond presented by the subjects in prison. In this sense, we believe that the clinical importance of the concept of social bond will become more evident if we understand how it appears in the inmate statements, which will be followed within a penitentiary. Around this type of institution, the following hypothesis emerges: there is an inadequacy between the prison response and the pathologies presented by inmates. This research aims to grasp the existing inadequacy and to propose conjectures that will allow a more adequate work to the reality of this population
Senziani, Fabio. "Monitoring des binaires X et des novae avec le Burst Alert Telescope à board du satellite Swift." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00268322.
Full textLee, Youseung. "Traitement quantique original des interactions inélastiques pour la modélisation atomistique du transport dans les nano-structures tri-dimensionnelles." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0345.
Full textNon-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) formalism during recent decades has attracted numerous interests for studying quantum transport properties of nanostructures and nano-devices in which inelastic interactions like electron-phonon scattering have a significant impact. Incorporation of inelastic interactions in NEGF framework is usually performed within the self-consistent Born approximation (SCBA) which induces a numerically demanding iterative scheme. As an alternative technique, we propose an efficient method, the so-called Lowest Order Approximation (LOA) coupled with the Pade approximants. Its main advantage is to significantly reduce the computational time, and to describe the electron-phonon scattering physically. This approach should then considerably extend the accessibility of using atomistic quantum transport codes to study three-dimensional (3D) realistic systems without requiring numerous numerical resources
Alexandre, Ludovic. "Méthode de flux normal pour le traitement des conditions aux bords dans le cadre des volumes finis : application aux écoulements monophasiques et diphasiques." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112062.
Full textThis thesis presents a study of the normal flux method for the treatment of boundary conditions in the finite volume framework applied to hyperbolic systems. The first chapter is devoted to the construction of the normal flux method based on the finite volume with characteristic flux scheme. Treating directly the conservation of the normal flux for outgoing waves, this method is more precise than the method of characteristic variables and does not require ad hoc proceddure like the Riemann invariants. This method allows also a simple processing of nonreflective boundary conditions. Under certain assumptions, we show that the choice of the boundary conditions verifies the concept of well posed problem. In the following chapter, numerical examples validate the normal flux method for Euler equations. The normal flux method gives results equivalent to those obtained with a method based on the resolution of a partial Riemann problem to the edge, and closer to the reference solutions than with mirror treatment. The processing of the nonreflectice boundary conditions corresponds to the expected results, namely to avoid the reflexion of disturbing wavex. In the third chapter, we consider a diphasic two-fluid system to study the adaptability of the normal flux method to this nonconservative and nonhyperbolic complex system. We presetn the characteristics of the diphasic system and the solutions proposed to make it hyperbolic. Numericla simulations show that by the normal flux method, it is possible to treat diphasic flows and confirm the undertaken studies, like the comparison with mirror treatment of wall conditions
Dewalle, Anne-Sophie. "Nouvelles approches de traitement du signal et de l'image en IRM fonctionnelle d'activation cérébrale." Lille 1, 2006. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/c3ff9e5f-e824-4cc2-a6ea-a22cb4383bc2.
Full textIturbe, Ion. "Tomographie acoustique haute résolution dans un guide d'onde océanique." Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00521540.
Full textKhatori, Mohammed. "Traitements rapides d'images en vue de l'analyse de la structure interne de matériaux : Application à la production automatisée dans l'industrie du bois." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10046.
Full textNormand, Stéphane. "Conception, réalisation et caractérisation d'un dispositif de détection neutronique basé sur l'utilisation de scintillateurs plastiques dopés au Bore." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00396150.
Full textDans une première partie, le processus de fabrication et la méthode de dopage en éléments borés sont présentés de façon détaillée. Différentes analyses physico-chimiques (I.R., UV-vis et RMN) ont été utilisées pour caractériser le matériau obtenu et pour confirmer sa composition et sa structure. De plus, une série d'expériences sous rayonnements alpha et sous faisceaux de protons a permis de mesurer les caractéristiques de scintillation. L'émission lumineuse peut ainsi être déterminée grâce à la relation semi-empirique de Birks.
Une seconde partie rend compte de la modélisation complète de l'ensemble du détecteur : interaction rayonnement - matière, émission et parcours de la lumière, formation du signal. Le code de calcul MCNP (Monte Carlo N-Particles) a été couplé à un code de génération et de propagation de lumière développé au cours de ce travail. Ces moyens de simulation ont permis d'optimiser les dimensions du détecteur pour la détection neutronique et de cerner l'influence de la géométrie sur la collecte des photons de scintillation. L'efficacité de détection et la durée de vie des neutrons dans ce type de détecteurs ont été estimées. Les mesures confirment la validité des simulations.
Une troisième partie fait état des méthodes de discrimination neutron - gamma analogique (méthode du passage par zéro) et numérique (méthode de la comparaison de charges) mises en œuvre pour ce scintillateur. Leurs performances respectives sont comparées et discutées.
La dernière partie concerne les applications qui peuvent bénéficier de l'utilisation de scintillateurs plastiques dopés au Bore, comme les fibres scintillantes dopées, la spectrométrie neutronique ou encore les systèmes de mesures des multiplicités neutroniques.
Delame, Thomas. "Les squelettes : structures d'interaction directe et intuitive avec des formes 3D." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOS013/document.
Full textThe interactions in shape creation graphic applications are far from natural. The user tends to avoid as much as possible such applications and prefer to sketch or model his/her shape.To bridge this widening gap between computer and the general public, we focus on skeletons. They are intuitive shape representation models that we propose to use as direct and intuitive interaction structures.All skeletons suffer from very low quality as shape representation models, concerning the geometry of the shape they capture, the quantity of skeletal noise they contain or the lack of useful organization of their elements. Moreover, some functionalities that must be granted to skeletons are only partially solved. Those solutions make use of additional data computed thanks to the shape during the skeletonization. Thus, when the skeleton is modified by an interaction, we cannot update those data to make use of such functionalities.Thanks to a practical observation of skeletons, we built a set of algorithmic solutions to those problems.We make an optimal use of skeleton data to visualize the shape described by a skeleton, to remove skeletal noise and to structure skeleton elements. With our methods, we build the meso-skeleton, a hierarchical structure that captures and controls all characteristic parts of a shape.The meso-skeleton is adapted to be used as a direct and intuitive interaction structure, which allows us to bridge the gap aforementioned. Also, our work can lead to further researches to enhance skeletonization techniques and thus produce skeletons that are good quality shape representation models
Bringer, Yves. "Performances de nouvelles architectures machines pour la mise en oeuvre d'algorithmes de traitement et d'analyse d'image." Saint-Etienne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STET4024.
Full textLee, Jiwon. "Novel fabrication of Alloy 625 and MCrAlY bond coat by laser powder bed fusion and microstructure control A novel approach to the production of NiCrAlY bond coat onto IN625 superalloy by selective laser melting Influence of heat treatments on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Inconel 625 processed by laser powder bed fusion A new observation of strain-induced grain boundary serration and its underlying mechanism in a Ni–20Cr binary model alloy Heat treatments design for superior high-temperature tensile properties of Alloy 625 produced by selective laser melting High temperature oxidation of NiCrAlY coated Alloy 625 manufactured by selective laser melting." Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EMAC0008.
Full textIn this study, Alloy 625 was fabricated by one of the most commonly used additive manufacturing (AM) methods, laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF), and its mechanical properties were evaluated at various temperatures. The L-PBF fabricated Alloy 625 showed high strength and relatively poor elongation. Thus, some heat treatments were applied to improve its performance. A solid-solution heat treatment with a temperature of more than 1000 °C was applied to the L-PBF Alloy 625, resulting in recrystallization because of high energy stored within the alloy attributed by high density of dislocations. This modified microstructure of the L-PBF Alloy 625 sample showed the required strength under tensile testing at room temperature (higher strength than wrought Alloy 625 and greater elongation than L-PBF as-built alloy). In view of enhancing mechanical properties at high temperature, a grain boundary serration (GBS) heat treatment was specifically designed for L-PBF Alloy 625. Because this was the first attempt to produce GBS in a high-Nb-content alloy, it was necessary to understand its mechanism first. To induce GBS, it is necessary for large solute atoms to move near the grain boundaries (GBs). Therefore, the GBS heat treatment was modified for application to the L-PBF Alloy 625. The specially designed GBS heat treatment successfully induced the zigzag patterns of serrated GBs for the first time. This GBS L-PBF Alloy 625 showed improved high-temperature mechanical properties in terms of increased ductility and elimination of the dynamic strain aging (DSA) effect at elevated temperatures. To further improve the high-temperature property of the L-PBF Alloy 625, NiCrAlY bond coat was applied to the Alloy 625 substrate by the same method (L-PBF) for the first time to improve the efficiency of the production process and increase the resistance to oxidation. Although their different thermal properties led to many trials and errors in the manufacturing of the material, the optimal parameters for applying NiCrAlY bond coat deposition by L-PBF were set and verified to assess the potential for the process to be commercialized. The remelting characteristic of L-PBF induced good metallurgical bonding between the substrate and coating, which indicates good stability. The oxidation behavior of the NiCrAlY-coated Alloy 625 was characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and thermal shock testing; the results indicated that the novel coated material had higher resistance to oxidation than bulk Alloy 625. Therefore, the GBS heat treatment together with efficient NiCrAlY coating can greatly improve the high-temperature mechanical properties of L-PBF manufactured Alloy 625