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Journal articles on the topic 'Training of air pilots'
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1
Stepnova, A. I., S. M. Stepanov, V. V. Borsoeva, and V. A. Borsoev. "Analysis of effectiveness of the program of joined air traffic controlles and pilotes training." Civil Aviation High Technologies 22, no. 5 (October 28, 2019): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.26467/2079-0619-2019-22-5-32-42.
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Training of cadets-air traffic controllers and cadets-pilots is an integral part of the training, which allows you to form the skills of quick and correct decision-making in different types of situations. For the air traffic controller, these are exercises to solve conflict situations with aircraft in the area of their responsibility, solving problems in normal flight conditions, in unfavorable atmospheric conditions and in the non-routine situations in flight. For the pilots, solutions to the problems are reduced to the rapid decisionmaking on aircraft control in normal flight conditions, adverse atmospheric conditions and non-routine situations in flight. As you know, the work of air traffic controllers is associated with the work of pilots, but training in educational institutions takes place separately, resulting in gaps in knowledge of the specifics of the adjacent specialty, and, eventually, leads to errors. Optimization of the educational process is currently an urgent task. The program of joint training can act as an optimization tool. The program enables you to collaboratively practice the skills of fast decision-making, clearly to learn the specifics of the related specialties that will allow you to create a complete picture of the air situation. The program of joint training implies the joint operational logic simulator that combines two simulators. For the air traffic controller, this is a separate airspace area in the form of a sector, for the pilot it is the cockpit. Thus, the solution to the problems occurs sequentially from the air traffic controller to the pilot and vice versa, and the controller has the ability to observe the algorithm of the pilot's actions, and the pilot is able to monitor the algorithm of the controller's actions.
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Rowe, Leah J., Nancy J. Cooke, Sara Elizabeth Gehr, and Winston Bennett. "Assessing Distributed Mission Operations Using the Air Superiority Knowledge Assessment System." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 51, no. 25 (October 2007): 1569–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120705102501.
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The Air Superiority Knowledge Assessment System (ASKAS) was developed at the Air Force Research Laboratory as a method for measuring knowledge in fighter pilots. Differences in ASKAS results have been shown to correspond with the knowledge level of pilots with different amounts of experience. To further test this tool, it has recently been integrated into a week-long training program. ASKAS is given before and after training to measure changes in knowledge as a result of the training. Our results show that there is a small but measurable increase in knowledge, as measured by ASKAS, after the training. In addition, there is a quadratic relationship between pilot experience and performance on ASKAS, suggesting that mid-level pilots have the highest levels of knowledge. These results support the validity of ASKAS as a tool to measure changes in knowledge during training, and provide insight on how to improve ASKAS for future use.
3
Houck, Michael R., Gary S. Thomas, and Herbert H. Bell. "Training Potential of Multiplayer Air Combat Simulation." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 33, no. 19 (October 1989): 1300–1304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128903301914.
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The objective of this investigation was to identify air combat mission tasks that could be trained using existing multiship simulator technology. Forty-two mission ready F-15 pilots and 16 tactical air controllers rated their need for additional training on 41 air combat tasks. These pilots and controllers then participated in four days of air combat training using McDonnell Aircraft Company's simulation facility. This training allowed the participants to practice two-ship tactics in an unrestricted combat environment which included multiple air and ground threats, electronic combat, and real-time kill removal. Following training, the participants rated the value of their current unit training and training provided by the multiship simulation. Pilots rated the multiship simulator training superior to their current unit training for 22 of the 41 air combat tasks. Pilots also rated their need for additional training in those 22 combat tasks from “very” to “extremely” desirable. The controllers indicated that all combat tasks were better trained in the multiplayer simulation than in their current unit training program. Interviews and questionnaires also identified a number of strengths and weaknesses of the simulation that provide “lessons learned” for the development and use of future multiplayer air combat simulations.
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Mihai, Eduard Ionut. "Comparative analysis of the military pilots training programs in the Romanian Air Force and the Polish Air Force." MATEC Web of Conferences 290 (2019): 13007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929013007.
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The primary purpose of the military pilots training system is to select objectively and to provide practical and qualitative training, both with regard to their academics and in terms of their specialization as aviation personnel. The current state of the military pilots training system has been marked by difficulties due to its attempt in overcoming a prolonged transition period and adapting to modern armed forces and partner training standards within the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Based on the comparative analysis of the training of military aeronautical personnel in Romania and Poland, we will try to observe whether flight training needs to be more or less phased in order for the Air Force to benefit from pilots capable of responding to the current challenges. Accordingly, the aim of the current paper consists of a qualitative analysis meant to prove the necessity of adjusting curricula to the exigencies of the geopolitical reality within the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and to identify both strong common and distinctive points of the military pilots training programs in the Romanian Air Force and the Polish Air Force.
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Li, W. C., and D. Harris. "A systems approach to training aeronautical decision making: from identifying training needs to verifying training solutions." Aeronautical Journal 111, no. 1118 (April 2007): 267–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000004516.
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The human factors analysis and classification system (HFACS) was developed as an analytical framework for the investigation of the role of human error in aviation accidents. A total of 523 accidents in the Republic of China (ROC) Air Force between 1978 and 2002 were analysed using this framework. The results showed that in a great many cases, poor pilot decision making was implicated. Following a survey of flight instructors’ opinions, two of most promising mnemonic-based methods currently available to guide the decision making of pilots were identified (SHOR and DESIDE). These methods were developed into a short (four hour) aeronautical decision making training course. A total of 41 pilots from the Republic of China Tactical Training Wing then participated in a study to evaluate the effectiveness of this training course. Half of the participants received the short ADM training programme and half did not. Their decision making skill was evaluated in a series of emergency situations presented in a full-flight simulator. Furthermore, their decision making processes were examined in a series of pencil-and-paper based tests. The results clearly showed significant improvements in the quality of pilots’ situation assessment and risk management (underpinning processes in pilot decision making) although this was usually at the expense of speed of response. Pilots used the quicker to apply SHOR mnemonic in situations that which required a fast decision and the more comprehensive but slower to perform DESIDE method when there were fewer time pressures. The results do strongly suggest that ADM is trainable and the short programme devised was effective.
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Woch, Marta, Józef Żurek, and Justyna Tomaszewska. "Multi-criteria mathematical model of the pilot training process." MATEC Web of Conferences 210 (2018): 04012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821004012.
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In most NATO countries, helicopter pilots are prepared in accordance with a modern system of threestage training: selection, basic and advanced. The training in the air is performed according to the parallelism of the training. The scheduling of pilot training process based on parallel model, which includes the technological relationships between the individual exercises, whereby for each air exercise, the exercises are specified, which must be done beforehand. The purpose of this contribution is to propose a multi-criteria mathematical model which would enable the selection of exercises for each pilot, the appropriate selection of the aircraft and the moment of beginning of each exercise, so that all required exercises will be carried out in the shortest possible time and the number of trained, in a state of readiness pilots, should be as high as possible. Additionally, in this paper the sketch of a multi-criteria solution is presented. A crucial feature of this work is the model application to optimize pilot training.
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Wang, Xiashuang, Guanghong Gong, Ni Li, Li Ding, and Yaofei Ma. "Decoding pilot behavior consciousness of EEG, ECG, eye movements via an SVM machine learning model." International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 11, no. 04 (July 2, 2020): 2050028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793962320500282.
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To decode the pilot’s behavioral awareness, an experiment is designed to use an aircraft simulator obtaining the pilot’s physiological behavior data. Existing pilot behavior studies such as behavior modeling methods based on domain experts and behavior modeling methods based on knowledge discovery do not proceed from the characteristics of the pilots themselves. The experiment starts directly from the multimodal physiological characteristics to explore pilots’ behavior. Electroencephalography, electrocardiogram, and eye movement were recorded simultaneously. Extracted multimodal features of ground missions, air missions, and cruise mission were trained to generate support vector machine behavior model based on supervised learning. The results showed that different behaviors affects different multiple rhythm features, which are power spectra of the [Formula: see text] waves of EEG, standard deviation of normal to normal, root mean square of standard deviation and average gaze duration. The different physiological characteristics of the pilots could also be distinguished using an SVM model. Therefore, the multimodal physiological data can contribute to future research on the behavior activities of pilots. The result can be used to design and improve pilot training programs and automation interfaces.
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Lyons, Joseph B., Nhut T. Ho, Kolina S. Koltai, Gina Masequesmay, Mark Skoog, Artemio Cacanindin, and Walter W. Johnson. "Trust-Based Analysis of an Air Force Collision Avoidance System." Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications 24, no. 1 (January 2016): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1064804615611274.
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This case study analyzes the factors that influence trust and acceptance among users (in this case, test pilots) of the Air Force’s Automatic Ground Collision Avoidance System. Our analyses revealed that test pilots’ trust depended on a number of factors, including the development of a nuisance-free algorithm, designing fly-up evasive maneuvers consistent with a pilot’s preferred behavior, and using training to assess, demonstrate, and verify the system’s reliability. These factors are consistent with the literature on trust in automation and could lead to best practices for automation design, testing, and acceptance.
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Estock, Jamie L., Amy L. Alexander, Emily M. Stelzer, and Kathryn Baughman. "Impact of Visual Scene Field of View on F-16 Pilot Performance." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 51, no. 2 (October 2007): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120705100205.
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The tremendous expense and inherent dangers of training in the aircraft have led to the increased use of simulators for practicing and maintaining air combat skills; However, the advantages and disadvantages of using high or low-fidelity simulators for such training must be specified. An experiment was conducted to examine the in-simulator performance differences between pilots flying lower-fidelity simulators compared to higher-fidelity simulators. The primary difference between the two simulators is the visual scene field-of-view. Sixteen U.S. Air Force F-16 pilots flew standard training missions as an integrated team of four (a “four-ship”) with two pilots flying in the high-fidelity simulators and two pilots flying in the lower-fidelity simulators. Various subjective and objective measures were collected to assess the pilots' ability to maintain a briefed formation. Overall, the results suggest that pilots who practice four-ship employment in the lower-fidelity simulators can perform at the same level as those who practice in the high-fidelity simulators. Future analyses should be conducted to examine the impact of simulator fidelity on other air combat skills and on training effectiveness.
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Dolzhenko, N., E. Mailyanova, I. Assilbekova, and Z. Konakbay. "DESIGN FEATURES OF MODERN FLIGHT SIMULATION DEVICES, MOBILITY SYSTEMS AND VISUALIZATION SYSTEMS." Series of Geology and Technical Sciences 447, no. 3 (June 15, 2021): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2021.2518-170x.56.
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The aviation system is a complex and dynamic structure, the parts of which interact with each other, affect each other, and their interaction should be as safe as possible. The safe functioning of this system ultimately depends on the lives of people, both in the air and on the ground. Training and retraining of pilots, as you know, goes in several stages, and simulator training takes a significant and unconditional place in the ground training of future pilots. During the simulator training, the pilot acquires, maintains and improves practical skills and abilities with the help of devices that simulate the cockpit and flight of the aircraft.
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Hettinger, Lawrence J., W. Todd Nelson, and Michael W. Haas. "Applying Virtual Environment Technology to the Design of Fighter Aircraft Cockpits: Pilot Performance and Situation Awareness in a Simulated Air Combat Task." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 38, no. 1 (October 1994): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129403800123.
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The use of multi-sensory displays for fighter aircraft cockpits is being investigated at the U.S. Air Force's Armstrong Laboratory as a means of enhancing pilot performance. The current experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of employing such displays on the performance of a simulated air combat task. Each of four experienced US Air Force F-16 pilots flew 12 simulated missions which required them to locate and destroy four enemy bombers whose flight path was pre-programmed. Simultaneously, two other pilots were assigned to auxiliary cockpits in the laboratory and flew enemy fighter aircraft in an attempt to intercept and shoot down the primary pilot. Therefore there were three active participants in each air combat scenario. Each pilot flew six trials using a cockpit comprised of conventional F-15 flight instruments and six trials using a modified, multi-sensory cockpit. The results indicated that pilot performance and situation awareness were generally superior with the multi-sensory cockpit as opposed to the conventional cockpit, although statistical differences between the two were at best marginally significant. Nevertheless, the results suggest that if pilots were to receive advance training with the multi-sensory cockpit their performance may exceed that in the highly overlearned conventional cockpit by even more substantial amounts.
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Dattel, Andrew R., Hui Wang, Cristhian Padilla, Peiheng Gao, Kwangsik Song, Zihao Zhang, Andrew P. Henry, Tianxin Zhang, and Rahim D. Agha. "Using Relevant Time Clock Refresher Training for Improvement In Identifying Aviation Traffic." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 64, no. 1 (December 2020): 2023–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181320641490.
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It is common for Air Traffic Control to alert pilots of aircraft traffic using an analog clock metaphor (e.g., Traffic 1 o’clock). This study compared analog refresher training group to a digital refresher training group. Sixty private pilots were assigned to either an analog group or a digital group. Each of these groups were assigned to a Top of the hour refresher training condition or a Quarter of the hour refresher training condition. Participants flew a pretest flight scenario where they identified traffic, took the refresher training, then flew a posttest flight scenario. No differences were found between the analog refresher training group and the digital refresher training group. However, pilots who received Top of the hour clock refresher training identified traffic faster than pilots who received Quarter of the hour clock refresher training.
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Stepnova, A. I., V. I. Kochergin, S. M. Stepanov, and V. A. Borsoev. "Development of interaction model for air traffic controllers and pilots using discrete mathematics methods." Civil Aviation High Technologies 23, no. 4 (September 4, 2020): 72–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.26467/2079-0619-2020-23-4-72-83.
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The purpose of the article is to create a database of errors and to develop an algorithm for a situational decision-making model taking into account availability of potential errors of air traffic controllers and pilots. Air traffic controllers and pilots typical errors were compiled and analyzed, arrays of specialists errors were created, binary error relations based on methods of discrete mathematics were also compiled in this article. This decision is caused by the need to formalize the interaction of specialists, since each error of the air traffic controller can be compared with a certain set of pilot errors and vice versa. In case of further in-depth analysis, it is possible to expand the database by adding additional errors arrays of the adjacent point controller, aerodrome service, planning service, etc. The goal is formed after analyzing the features of simulator training in higher educational institutions. The peculiarity is the absence of hazardous factors during the simulator training. This training takes place according to the ideal model. Undoubtedly, this approach is aimed at developing the correct algorithm of actions in normal or abnormal flight conditions, but thus the trainee can’t work out the decision-making skills if there is an error in the ideal algorithm. At the same time, existing specialists face unintended errors every working day, so having experience in this field plays an important role in minimizing the impact of the human factor on flight safety. In our case, it is proposed to include such a dangerous factor as an unintentional error in the joint training program for air traffic controllers and pilots, which will improve the training quality of specialists.
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Pavlovic, Miroslav, Janko Pejovic, Jovan Mladenovic, Radovan Cekanac, Dalibor Jovanovic, Radovan Karkalic, and Danijela Randjelovic. "Ejection experience in Serbian air force, 1990-2010." Vojnosanitetski pregled 71, no. 6 (2014): 531–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp130517044p.
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Background/Aim. Ejection injuries are the problem for air forces. The present risk for injuries is still too high, approximately 30-50%. This study was an effort to determine factors responsible for and contributing to injuries in the Serbian Air Force (SAF) in the last two decades. Methods. All ejection cases in the SAF between 1990 and 2010 were analyzed. The collected data were: aircraft type, ejection seat generation, pilots ? age and experience, causes of ejection, aeronautical parameters, the condition of aircraft control and types of injuries. For ease of comparison the U.S. Air Force Safety Regulation was used to define of major injuries: hospitalization for 5 days or more, loss of consciousness for over 5 min, bone fracture, joint dislocation, injury to any internal organ, any third-degree burn, or second-degree burn over 5% of the body surface area. Results. There were 52 ejections (51 pilots and 1 mechanic) on 44 airplanes. The ejected persons were from 22 to 46 years, average 32 years. Major injuries were present in 25.49% cases. Of all the ejected pilots 9.61% had fractures of thoracic spine, 11.53% fractures of legs, 3.48% fractures of arms. Of all major injuries, fractures of thoracic spine were 38.46%. None of the pilots had experienced ejection previously. Conclusion. Our results suggest to obligatory take preventive measures: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan must be included in the standard pilot selection procedure and procedure after ejection. Physical conditioning of pilots has to be improved. Training on ejection trainer has to be accomplished, too.
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Socha, Luboš, Lenka Hanáková, Vladimír Socha, Andrej Lališ, Róbert Rozenberg, and Karel Hána. "Telemetry System Utilization for Stress Monitoring of Pilots During Training." MAD - Magazine of Aviation Development 4, no. 20 (October 17, 2016): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/mad.2016.20.06.
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Air transport development brings an increased focus on the safety of piloting. The safety conditions can be assessed by mental workload. Psychic discomfort or excessive stress on pilots can negatively influence the course of flights. Therefore it appears convenient to monitor such parameters, which represent the mental wellbeing, or discomfort of a pilot. Since physiological measurements can provide a good information about mental workload or stress, this work primarily focuses on the observation of the change in heart rate, as it is an indicator of stress during the training of pilots, using the designed modular telemetry system. Another aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of a change in the avionic data visualization. This can have an unfavorable effect on the piloting of an airplane. This work, based on the evaluation of heart rate shows, that the switch from analog visualization to glass cockpit creates increased levels of stress in pilots, which was proved for all examined subjects except one. Significant level of correlation in the heart beat rate change in subjects in the course of training was also discovered.
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KRAWCZYK, PhD, Brig Gen Piotr. "TRAINING OF AVIATION PERSONNEL FOR THE NEEDS OF THE AIR FORCE AND THE RELATED FUTURE CHALLENGES." Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Sztuki Wojennej 113, no. 4 (July 12, 2019): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2800.
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Higher military education is nowadays undergoing numerous changes due to the “Concept of the development of higher military education in 2017-2026” adopted in 2016. The following article looks at the planned modifications in the context of training aviation personnel for the needs of the Air Force. The “Training military pilots” section discusses the process of training candidates to be military pilots, the main problems related to it as well as the nature of the system of training and educating the cadets of the Polish Air Force University. The considerations in the next section of the article concern the selection of candidates for military pilots. The recruitment, consisting of several stages, aims to efficiently identify the best candidates for service in aviation. The screening training, the aim of which is to check the predispositions of candidates for serving as pilots, is a novelty in this process. The chapter “Selection” looks at the solutions applied so far in the School of Eaglets, and also analyses the benefits of the new recruitment method. The final sections of the article concern the profile of the graduates of the Polish Air Force University, their target skills and the development plans of the University in the face of the challenges posed.
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Plachynda, Tetiana, Roman Nevzorov, Liliya Baranovska, Pavlo Onypchenko, Ihor Bloshchynskyi, and Oleksandr Didenko. "Future Military Pilots’ Professional Competence Formation." Revista Romaneasca pentru Educatie Multidimensionala 12, no. 4 (2020): 357–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/rrem/12.4/350.
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The article foregrounds the need for future military pilots’ professional competence formation taking into consideration the growing amount of armed conflicts. The analysis of the literary sources indicates that scientists are interested in improving the professional training of future military pilots, but not enough attention is paid to the formation of professional competence of these specialists. Our research set a goal to experimentally test the singled out organizational and pedagogical conditions for future military pilots’ professional competence formation (interdisciplinary integration with the goal of future military pilots’ tactical thinking forming; the use of simulator-based training to practice different types of combat flights by future military pilots; making use of operational pilots’ experience and analysis of combat employment of aviation for the purpose of updating air-tactical knowledge and improving air-tactical training of future military pilots) whether they contribute to the effective formation of the abovementioned definition. The experiment involved 227 persons (undergraduate future military pilots (20–22 years old)), the experimental group consisted of 127 persons, the control group made 100 persons. These groups were qualitatively homogeneous at the initial stage of the experiment. The implementation of distinguished organizational and pedagogical conditions into the educational process of higher military educational institutions provided an opportunity to effectively shape the professional competence of future military pilots, which is confirmed by the methods of mathematical statistics. Thus, the conducted scientific search confirms the effectiveness of proposed conditions of future military pilots’ professional competence formation.
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Dariusz, Bogusz. "Spatial Disorientation Simulator." Safety & Defense 4 (October 5, 2018): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37105/sd.3.
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The article describes the characteristics of the spatial disorientation simulator constructed for the Polish Air Force Academy aviation training. Using the spatial disorientation simulator enables safe training for military pilots, as it simulates visual illusions and spatial disorientation. The simulator makes it possible to train pilots in spatial disorientation conditions for every possible type of aircraft, through designing and conducting the proper aircraft cabin models. Spatial disorientation training has to main aims. The first one is familiarizing the pilots with spatial disorientation phenomenon, and providing them with essential knowledge and abilities through theoretical and practical acquaintance with physiological limitations. Such limitations are related to the impact of different aviation environmental aspects on the human body. The second aim of the training is increasing the efficiency of aviation training, in relation to recognizing, analyzing and proper reacting to real and simulated occurrences, which lead to spatial disorientation. The author describes main stages of the training conducted during the spatial disorientation course. The article categorizes major features of different spatial confusion types and characterizes types of air illusions.
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Grzesik, Norbert, and Tomasz Zahorski. "F-16 Virtual Cockpit – Project of Computer-Aided Learning and Integrated Diagnostics Application: Part I." Solid State Phenomena 220-221 (January 2015): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.220-221.194.
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The most important factor in aviation safety is a well-trained pilot. Ground simulation is the primary element in modern pilot training. Aircraft technical development certainly increases requirements for young flying adepts. So far aging equipment like TS-11 “Spark” is used for practical training (on the ground and in the air) in Polish Air Force Academy. There are no advanced systems on board in this plane, so the basic theoretical and practical knowledge about up-to-date on-board aircraft systems for military pilots’ students needs to be provided. In the near future, some of them will fly by F-16 and this knowledge will help them faster and easier improve their flying skills.
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BP, Shashidhara, Chandra Sekaran, Yashpal Bhatia, Magesh Kumar, Binesh Kumar, and Hemanth Kumar. "Development of a Full Mission Simulator for Pilot Training of Fighter Aircraft." Defence Science Journal 68, no. 5 (September 12, 2018): 425–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.68.12235.
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With aircraft becoming more complex and avionics intensive and flight being almost autonomous based on waypoint navigation, software and displays becoming a significant component of the all glass cockpit of the modern day fighter aircraft, it is imperative that pilots are trained on missions using ground based full mission simulator (FMS) for routine flight as well as advanced missions. A flight simulator is as good as the real system only when it is able to mimic the physical system, both in terms of dynamics and layout so that the pilot gets the complete feel of the environment as encountered during actual sortie. The objective of this research paper is to provide a detailed insight into the various aspects of development of a FMS for pilot training with minimal maintenance operations for long hours of realistic flight training on ground. The approach followed by ADE in developing a FMS using a healthy mix of conventional flight simulation methodologies and novel approaches for various simulator sub-systems to tailor and meet the specific training needs, one presented. The FMS developed by ADE is presently being used by Indian Air Force for flight and mission critical training of squadron pilots.
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Moskalenko, Olena I., and Oleksandr V. Didenko. "A COMPUTER TOOL FOR TRAINING PILOTS’ LISTENING SKILLS IN AVIATION ENGLISH." Information Technologies and Learning Tools 67, no. 5 (October 30, 2018): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.33407/itlt.v67i5.2434.
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A methodology of training pilots’ listening skills by means of a computer tool is highlighted in the article. Various computer exercises are used to enhance the learners’ level of English as well as improve their listening skills. English is one of the crucial factors influencing flight safety; pilot’s ability to listen, hear, interpret and react to controller’s information in English is of paramount importance during radio communication. It is emphasized that the development of computer software and appearance of new computerized tools predetermine the search for new methods of teaching Aviation English to future pilots and air traffic controllers. One of the ways how to enhance the level of professional training is implementation of ICT in the teaching and learning process. Computer technologies and technical means of language training can simulate the flight situations that a pilot may encounter during his/her professional activity. In the article the authors demonstrate one of the useful methods – application of a computer tool for training listening skills in Aviation English. The computer tool is aimed at training pilots’ listening skills. It can be used to prepare students for achieving ICAO Operational Level (Level 4) or higher according to the ICAO Language Proficiency Requirements. It consists of six tasks based on general aviation English and phraseology of radio communication. Based on the proposed methodology the experiment with Aviation graduate students was carried out, which was based on the implementation of the computer tool into the course «Phraseology of radio communication». Listening skills’ assessment was conducted according to three criteria: cognitive (knowledge), operational (skills), psychological (abilities) and their descriptors. According to the level of listening skills three levels – low, medium and high were differentiated. The results of the experimental study indicate that there have been positive changes in the distribution of students’ levels of listening skills in the phraseology of radio communication in English with the introduction of the computer tool: the number of students with high- and medium-level of listening skills increased whereas that of low-level listening skills decreased.
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Guo, Wen Jing, Yong Ren Chen, Yong Bo Yang, Gao Feng Qu, Dong Yu Liu, and Qiu Yang Dong. "Analysis of Risk Factors for Military Parachuting Injuries among Chinese Air Force Cadet Pilots." Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 1778–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.1778.
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Parachuting injuries among cadet pilots often occur because they undergo extensive training within a short period of time. To explore the injury mechanism and to prevent injuries, this paper investigated the injury risk factors for the military parachuting of cadet pilots. A prospective study of static line parachute descents by Chinese Air Force cadet pilots was performed. The study indicates that 153 cadet pilots were injured, with a total of 168 injuries. The injury rates associated with extrinsic and intrinsic risk factors were compared and analyzed by using orthogonal multivariate analysis. Landing is the most dangerous part of parachuting, causing 88% of injuries. Extrinsic factors associated with increased injury rates are higher surface wind speed and third-generation protective boots. Intrinsic factors associated with reduced injury rates are excellent mental qualities, excellent parachuting movements, and female cadet pilots. Strengthening parachuting movements and mental qualities, approving jumps only when basic parachuting conditions are met, and improving protective equipment are recommended strategies for preventing parachuting injuries.
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Xue, Hong Jun, Wen Meng Liu, Yan Ling Wang, Wen Fang, Si Wei Zhang, and Xin Chen. "Analysis on Pilot's Behavior Shaping Factors upon Aviation Case Base." Advanced Materials Research 798-799 (September 2013): 930–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.798-799.930.
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In recent years, over 75% civil aviation accidents are caused by pilots manipulation mistake or cognitive error, but there is still no quantitative method to research pilots error. With the statistics and analysis of NTSB (National Transportation Safety Board) aviation database, the aviation case base ontology model has been established in the paper, which was the closest airworthiness directive to classify the aviation accidents according to the classification of aviation system. The pilots error in the aviation accident and the factors possibly causing the pilots error were analyzed based on Reason model to propose the inducing factors for pilots error. With the human factor analytical method, the behavior factors inducing the pilots error obtained from the pilot himself included excessive manipulation number, external environment interference, insufficient experience, physiological and psychological conditions, insufficient time margin. Pilots behavior shaping factors can guide the rational design of manipulation procedure and pilot training, thus enhancing the flight safety.
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Šerlová, Michaela, Sarah Van den Bergh, Vladimír Socha, and Lenka Hanáková. "Pilots psychophysiological condition assesment." MAD - Magazine of Aviation Development 6, no. 4 (October 15, 2018): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/mad.2018.04.02.
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Due to increasing safety standards in air transport, the emphasis is put on human factors in this domain. This<br />regards especially the improvement of piloting precision during flight training and the elimination of internal and<br />external influences with negative effect on pilots. This paper is focused on evaluation of pilot’s psychophysiological<br />state during flight training on a simulator and in an aircraft and also on pilot’s reaction on transfer from analogue<br />to digital visual presentation of avionic data. The best indicator for evaluating human’s psychophysiological<br />condition could be a heart rate because of its descriptive activity of human heart and its psychophysiological<br />character based on sympathovagal balance of autonomic nervous system. In this paper heart rate frequency<br />is measured by FlexiGuard biotelemetry mobile device and by a Garmin c<br /> chest belt. This paper is oriented<br />towards description and comparison of the most common methods for physiological parameters assessment, i.e.<br />time and frequency domain analysis and non-parametric methods analysis. The paper also describes a wavelet<br />transform. The results show that not every parameter resulting from each analysis could be a good indicator<br />describing pilot’s stress. Results also show which parameters might work as good indicators of pilot’s stress<br />– those are LF/HF ratio and parameters measured by wavelet transform. Best way to define pilot’s stress on<br />simulators in real time indicates to be wavelet.
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Baskett, Peter J. F. "Immediate Care for the Private Pilot." Journal of the World Association for Emergency and Disaster Medicine 1, no. 2 (1985): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00065353.
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Private aviation being popular, there are many light planes in regular use. Several of these are operated by pilots in training through local flying clubs. There is naturally a risk every time a plane takes to the air, but the statistics show that the risk is actually quite small. Most insurance companies do not increase their premiums for private pilots flying for pleasure. The most common emergencies which arise in light aircraft are caused by deteriorating weather conditions, fuel shortage, engine failure or pilot error.Accidents caused by the inept pilot usually occur during take-off or landing. Gusting wind conditions can produce an unexpectd stall position when there is inadequate height to recover. The strong vortices generated in the wake of high powered jet engines can turn over a light plane which is following too closely at take-off or landing in the circuit. Accidents may also occur during flight because of the pilot's failure to fly at the correct height on the correct course and communicate properly to the local air traffic control. Fear of being made to look incompetent often results in the inexperienced pilot failing to ask for help when he is in doubt or in trouble.If problems such as engine failure or fuel starvation occur, however, all is not lost since, unlike their enormous commercial counterparts, light planes have excellent gliding characteristics and can usually make an emergency landing. Requiring only a relatively short landing run if full flaps are used, they can often find a suitable site free from buildings and people.
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Mihai, Eduard Ionut, and Ioan Dănut Balos. "Vulnerabilities of the Romanian Air Force pilot training system manifested in the flight training process." MATEC Web of Conferences 290 (2019): 13008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929013008.
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The vulnerability of a flight instruction system is understood as a state of affairs, processes or phenomena in the organization’s internal life that diminishes its ability to react to existing or potential changes. Starting from the results of previous research conducted by the authors, the article aims to highlight the need for new ways to train Air Force pilots and suggests possible solutions. The purpose of this study is thus to identify the areas of vulnerability proper to the organization providing the training by synthesizing survey results based on the subjects’ professional experience. Accordingly, we deemed necessary and at the same time pertinent to consider the opinions of the staff involved in the practical training process. For this reason, the evaluation carried out between June and July 2018 involved the Aviation Training Group at “Aurel Vlaicu” Air Force Base.
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Kulik, Tomasz, Sławomir Dygnatowski, Kamil Przybysz, and Norbert Grzesik. "Perspective Assumptions of Pilot Training on Multi-Role Combat Aircraft in Poland." Journal of KONBiN 49, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 481–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jok-2019-0097.
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Abstract The article deals with the subject of diagnosing the current system of pilot training on multi-role aircraft in Poland. The authors pay particular attention to changes in its organization, arising from the compromise between technology, needs and funds on the part of the organizers. The recommended perspective changes in its organization in Poland result from the past three years of research in the Air Force University and institutions engaged in the discussed issues. The issues continue the research process handled in the dissertation [5], resulting from analyses and comparisons with world trends in this respect. The obtained findings suggest that it is essential to achieve the planned outcomes of training pilots on multi-role aircraft, at the same time reducing time and costs. It is linked to the introduction of modern aircraft or equipment supporting the process of pilot training.
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Stewart, John E. "Learning and Performance in an Air Refueling Part-Task Trainer: Preliminary Data Analysis." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 29, no. 4 (October 1985): 408–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128502900422.
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This paper recounts ongoing attempts to develop a system of performance measures (PM's) for the Air Refueling Part-Task Trainers which will be used by the Military Airlift Command (MAC) for currency training of C-5/C-141 aircrews. The database at present includes over 30,000 observations on a total of 22 student pilots and 3 instructor pilots. Subjects were observed during their participation in the ARPTT course at Boeing-Kent, Washington. Representative multivariate analyses were conducted on subsamples of the data with movement of the simulated receiver aircraft along the roll, pitch and yaw axes and relative movement forward-aft, azimuth and vertical comprising the independent variables, and time spent in the refueling envelope the dependent. The most important predictor was movement about the fore-aft axis relative to the tanker. No others were significant. The implications of these and related findings as to aircrew training and PM development are discussed.
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Gillingham, Kent K. "The Spatial Disorientation Problem in the United States Air Force." Journal of Vestibular Research 2, no. 4 (October 1, 1992): 297–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ves-1992-2404.
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Spatial disorientation (SD) in flight wastes hundreds of millions of dollars worth of defense capability annually and continues to kill aircrew. SD results primarily from inadequacies of human visual and vestibular sensory systems in the flying environment; but other factors, such as task saturation and distraction, precipitate it. The United States Air Force is conducting a three-pronged research and development effort to solve the SD problem. We are attempting 1) to elucidate further the mechanisms of visual and vestibular orientation and disorientation, 2) to develop ground-based and inflight training methods for demonstrating to pilots the potential for SD and the means of coping with it, and 3) to conceive and evaluate new ways to display flight control and performance information so that pilots can maintain accurate spatial orientation.
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Ortiz, Yolanda, Beth Blickensderfer, Ian Johnson, Chris Johnson, Barrett Caldwell, and Dennis Beringer. "Discussion Panel: General Aviation Weather: Human Factors Issues and Current Research." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 61, no. 1 (September 2017): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601480.
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Weather-related incidents account for the majority of general aviation accidents. Fortunately, a body of on-going, human factors research exists aimed at understanding and addressing this problem. The purpose of this session is to highlight that research. Topics will include the adequacy of pilots’ aviation weather knowledge and skills, weather information presentation, and use of technology to assess pilot performance and to improve pilot training. The session is designed to lead a discussion about the complexity of aviation weather, the dangers of weather in GA flight and the research underway to minimize the hazards and improve air safety.
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Fornette, Marie-Pierre, Marie-Héloïse Bardel, Camille Lefrançois, Jacques Fradin, Farid El Massioui, and René Amalberti. "Cognitive-Adaptation Training for Improving Performance and Stress Management of Air Force Pilots." International Journal of Aviation Psychology 22, no. 3 (July 2012): 203–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10508414.2012.689208.
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Місайлова, Ксенія. "INTRODUCTORY TRAINING FOR AVIATION ENGLISH TEACHERS." ОСВІТА ДОРОСЛИХ: ТЕОРІЯ, ДОСВІД, ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ 1, no. 19 (June 10, 2021): 102–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.35387/od.1(19).2021.102-113.
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The article raises the issue of creating a system of introductory training for Aviation English teachers for successful realization of teaching in military and civilian institutions of higher education in the aviation industry. A new scientific and pedagogical concept is introduced and argued, as «introductory training for teachers». Such training is necessary for teachers of higher educational establishments when transferring to higher positions into the institutions with another specialization, like transition from a civilian to a military institution to continue teaching career while teaching a foreign language for professional purposes. It was stressed in the article that in the context of transformation processes in Ukraine's transition to NATO and ICAO standards it is necessary firstly to train qualified teaching and instructional staff for the Air Force of the Armed Forces of Ukraine to ensure high quality of future specialists training. The article considers the requirements set by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for teachers who teach Aviation English to pilots and air traffic controllers in higher education institutions or on the basis of accredited training organizations. The conclusion on expediency and necessity to use these requirements to implement into the system of introductory training of Aviation English teachers in higher education establishments of Ukraine is made. There is also an approximate content of introductory training program for Aviation English teachers, as a result of which teachers will have an opportunity to acquire necessary knowledge and skills to teach Aviation English.
Key words: introductory teacher training; Aviation English teacher; teacher qualification; international requirements; ICAO; educational process; International Civil Aviation Organization; pilot; ATC; air traffic control; radio exchange.
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Zhang, Ning, Xiao Xiao Ma, and Peng Hui Rong. "Research on Air-to-Air and Air-to-Ground Combat Embedded Training System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 415 (September 2013): 402–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.415.402.
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Combat training used real equipment such as weapons are with many risks and cost high, and ground simulator cant provide real flight experience and real cockpit with training mission. The most effective training method to training fighter pilot is built a virtual battlefield by Embedded Training System (ETS), it takes the training advantages of using real aircraft and ground simulator. A training system used for air-to-air and air-to-ground combat training is proposed and designed, the pilot could enhanced the skill of using various weapon and gain experience of confront threat/target through training in EST.
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Shebilske, Wayne L., Jeffrey A. Jordan, Barry P. Goettl, and Leigh E. Paulus. "Observation versus Hands-on Practice of Complex Skills in Dyadic, Triadic, and Tetradic Training-Teams." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 40, no. 4 (December 1998): 525–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/001872098779649319.
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We saved trainer time and resources by reducing hands-on practice in training-team protocols without reducing computer-based learning. During 1-h sessions, young adults learned Space Fortress, a video task that has been employed during pilot training. Observers (Experiment 1) learned more in 3 sessions than did test-only trainees. Individuals, dyads, triads, and tetrads (Experiment 2) learned in 3 sessions with no differences in learning or interaction between learning and protocol. Individuals, dyads, and tetrads (Experiment 3) learned in 10 sessions with no differences in learning or interaction between learning and protocol. As predicted by social learning theory, observational learning seems to compensate for hands-on practice efficiently and effectively. Applications of this research have been developed for computer-based group training of airline and air force pilots.
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Zierke, Oliver. "Predictive Validity of Knowledge Tests for Pilot Training Outcome." Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors 4, no. 2 (July 1, 2014): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2192-0923/a000061.
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Tests of subject-specific knowledge (mathematics, physics, and English as a foreign language for non-English-speaking countries) are commonly used in test batteries for the selection of ab initio pilots – for example, the Air Force Officer Qualifying Test (AFOQT) or the German Aerospace Center (DLR) assessment. However, in validity research, knowledge tests are often underrepresented. This study evaluated the predictive validity of knowledge tests compared with cognitive ability tests and school grades. The validity criterion was the outcome of pilot training (pass/fail) of a preselected group of applicants (N = 402) who completed a 2-year flight training program. The predictive validity of the entire test battery was r = .55. Cognitive ability tests, knowledge tests, and school grades emerged as comparably valid predictors. These findings are discussed in the framework of Cattell’s theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence, suggesting that knowledge tests are predictively valid because they are indicators of motivation and of being a good learner.
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Paramasivam, Shamala. "Rapport management in air traffic control in Malaysian aviation discourse." Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 21, no. 1 (March 16, 2011): 77–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.21.1.05par.
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Oral communication is documented as the weakest link in air traffic control interactions and one of the primary causes of aviation accidents and incidents. The language of air traffic control communication is characterised by the use of prescribed phraseologies, and when these are missing, plain language becomes a dominant feature. During plain language use mitigation is recorded as a feature of communication and described as an attribute of communication in crews classified as high in safety performance. The present study departs from this observation and seeks to examine the linguistic features for rapport management in air traffic control in non-routine situations in the Malaysian context. Managing the pilot–controller relationship is categorised as one of the dominant communicative functions in air traffic control and a category that is associated with the use of politeness markers. An examination of the language functions in this category and their associated forms vis-à-vis features of politeness are considered useful for training in air traffic communication. Pragmatics is used in this study as the approach to discourse analysis and Spencer-Oatey’s (2000b) understanding of politeness as ‘rapport management’ is employed as the framework for data analysis. The study draws on both audio-recordings of radiotelephony communication in role-play situations involving expert Malaysian controllers taking on roles as pilot and controller, as well as transcripts of real-life radiotelephony communication between Malaysian controllers and international pilots. The findings show that the interactions are primarily oriented to rapport-maintenance. The linguistic devices for rapport management include justifications, terms of address, conventionally polite expressions such as ‘please’, modals, and conditional language use. Rapport management is shown to help foster shared mindfulness and team thinking between controllers and pilots.
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Barabash, A. D., S. F. Borodkin, M. A. Kiselev, and Yu V. Petrov. "Flight safety level improvement methodology based on the pilot model." Civil Aviation High Technologies 24, no. 3 (June 28, 2021): 8–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.26467/2079-0619-2021-24-3-8-20.
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Despite the regular efforts on the part of national regulators, the International Civil Aviation Organization and the International Air Transport Association (ICAO and IATA), as well as on the developers of aeronautical equipment, the vast majority of accidents and incidents continue to occur due to the human factor. With the course of time, aircraft design and reliability are steadily and significantly improving, nevertheless, the number of aviation accidents is happening more and more frequently, including accidents with serviceable aircraft. Considerable evidence is the fact that a Controlled Flight into Terrain (CFIT) remains one of the most common causes of aviation accidents. This is specified by a wide variety of problems that require the search for complex, interconnected solutions. Among these issues it is necessary to highlight the increasing sophistication of the aircraft as a technical system, as well as practically unchanged for more than half a century approaches to pilots training for the type and maintaining their qualifications based on pre-defined scenarios taking into consideration the previous experience of aircraft operation. One of the possible ways out of the situation may be the introduction of so-called concept of personnel training relying on the evidence-based training analysis (EBT) based not on the pursue to memorize a certain list of exercises but to develop each particular pilot’s skills and competences that could help him cope with any unpredictable situation. The key feature of EBT lies in refocusing on the analysis of original causes of unsuccessful maneuvers (actions of the pilot) primarily in order to correct the wrong actions instead of repeatedly complying with the "correct sequence of actions". In this regard, the tools providing a continuous analysis of the pilot's actions to identify errors for the purpose of realigning (forming) the pilot's professional competencies in due time, are of paramount importance. The article describes the content of the methodology representing an ultimate goal to develop recommendations aimed at improving pilot’s expertise based on generalized and personalized models of the pilot, as well as solving the inverse problem of flight dynamics using a comparative assessment of a particular pilot piloting quality.
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Longridge, Thomas M. "Overview of the Advanced Qualification Program." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 41, no. 2 (October 1997): 898–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107118139704100240.
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The Advanced Qualification Program (AQP) is a voluntary alternative to the traditional regulatory requirements under CFR 14, Parts 121 and 135 for pilot training and checking. Under the AQP the FAA is authorized to approve significant departures from traditional requirements, subject to justification of an equivalent or better level of safety. The program entails a systematic front-end analysis of training requirements from which explicit proficiency objectives for all facets of pilot training are derived. It seeks to integrate the training and evaluation of cognitive skills at each stage of a curriculum. For pass/fail purposes, pilots must demonstrate proficiency in scenarios that test both technical and crew resource management skills together. Air carriers participating in the AQP must design and implement data collection strategies which are diagnostic of cognitive and technical skills. In addition, they must implement procedures for refining curricula content based on quality control data. This paper presents an overview of the Advanced Qualification Program and identifies selected applied research issues of interest to the FAA for the purpose of improving the program.
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Dattel, Andrew R., Andrew Henry, Godfrey D’Souza, Tianxin Zhang, Rebecca L. Perini, Beathia Tagoe, Ji Yeon Song, Andrew K. Babin, and Bee-Ling Lim. "Analog and Digital Clock Refresher Training for Improvement in Identifying Aviation Traffic." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 63, no. 1 (November 2019): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181319631163.
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Air traffic controllers frequently point out other airplanes using a clock analogy (e.g., “Traffic 10 o’clock,”). This study explored the extent to which young pilots, who grew up in the digital age, understand an analog clock metaphor. Fourteen pilots were randomly assigned to either an analog clock or a digital clock refresher training group. Participants flew a 15-minute flight scenario pretest. During the pretest, participants heard prerecorded announcements of potential traffic factors. After the pretest, the analog group viewed 100 slides of analog clocks and the digital group viewed 100 slides of digital clocks set for various times. Following the refresher training participants flew a posttest that was similar in difficulty to the pretest. No differences in time to identify traffic between the pretest and posttest were found for the analog group. However, participants in the digital group identified flight traffic faster during the posttest when compared to the pretest.
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Estival, Dominique, and Brett Molesworth. "'A study of EL2 pilots’ radio communication in the General Aviation environment." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 32, no. 3 (January 1, 2009): 24.1–24.16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2104/aral0924.
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This paper reports on the preliminary stages of a project designed to investigate communication problems in General Aviation and assess the utility of language technologies as a means of mitigation. The study presented in this paper is the first of a three-part study, in which we aim to investigate the extent to which the English language proficiency of pilots whose native language is not English (EL2) impacts on their ability to effectively communicate with Air Traffic Control (ATC), and its potential impact on safety outcomes. In a preliminary survey, we distributed a questionnaire to General Aviation pilots at various flight training organisations and collected self-reported instances of miscommunication between themselves and ATC. In addition, we asked pilots to rank, in order of difficulty, five typical radio communication tasks. The results indicated that pilots who are English native speakers and EL2 pilots give a similar ranking of difficulty to the radio communicative tasks, and that both EL2 and native speakers rank understanding other pilots as the most challenging task.
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Estival, Dominique, and Brett Molesworth. "A study of EL2 pilots’ radio communication in the General Aviation Environment." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 32, no. 3 (2009): 24.1–24.16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.32.3.04est.
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This paper reports on the preliminary stages of a project designed to investigate communication problems in General Aviation and assess the utility of language technologies as a means of mitigation. The study presented in this paper is the first of a three-part study, in which we aim to investigate the extent to which the English language proficiency of pilots whose native language is not English (EL2) impacts on their ability to effectively communicate with Air Traffic Control (ATC), and its potential impact on safety outcomes. In a preliminary survey, we distributed a questionnaire to General Aviation pilots at various flight training organisations and collected self-reported instances of miscommunication between themselves and ATC. In addition, we asked pilots to rank, in order of difficulty, five typical radio communication tasks. The results indicated that pilots who are English native speakers and EL2 pilots give a similar ranking of difficulty to the radio communicative tasks, and that both EL2 and native speakers rank understanding other pilots as the most challenging task.
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Sherwood, Sarah, Kelly Neville, John“Bam Bam” Mooney, Derek “Baffle” Ashlock, Angus L. M. Thom McLean, Melissa Walwanis, and Amy Bolton. "A Multi-Year Assessment of the Safety of Introducing Computer- Generated Aircraft into Live Air Combat Training." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 60, no. 1 (September 2016): 1399–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601322.
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In the U.S. Navy’s proposed Live-Virtual-Constructive (LVC) air combat training system, live F/A-18 aircraft will fly alongside virtual aircraft flown by pilots in simulators and constructive aircraft generated by computers. The Navy is using a human-centered, gradual, iterative, and research-based strategy to transition to LVC training. Part of this strategy entails a multi-year effort to preemptively identify and mitigate potential safety concerns associated with LVC training. Two cycles of event-driven interviews with 31 Navy aircrew and training professionals, followed by extensive review by two naval air combat subject-matter experts and other stakeholders, produced a list of LVC-related safety concerns. Researchers assessed the safety risk level of each concern to prioritize mitigation efforts. The latest cycle of data collection and subject-matter expert review, reported herein, focused on developing mitigations for the safety concerns and identifying characteristics of the current naval air combat training system that protect against LVC-induced perturbations.
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Tabibzadeh, Maryam, Vivek Shapeti, and Mohammad Mokhtari. "Systematic Investigation of the Asiana Airlines 214 Air Crash Using the AcciMap Methodology." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 63, no. 1 (November 2019): 606–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181319631055.
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This paper utilizes the AcciMap methodology, which was originally developed by Rasmussen in 1997, to systematically investigate the unfortunate aviation accident of Asiana Airlines 214 in San Francisco on July 6, 2013, which resulted in 3 fatalities and the complete loss of the aircraft. This paper captures the associated socio-technical factors into a hierarchical map that correlates the multiple levels of interaction between different categories and key involved players that ultimately resulted in this air crash. In most accidents, including the Asiana Airlines 214, majority of the blame is laid on front-line operators. In this accident, the pilots are blamed for not adhering to standard operating procedures and training guidelines of Asiana Airlines. This is while accidents do not occur as the act of individuals, but rather due to highly responsive and combined processes that involve decisions of several layers of key players. Some of the other significant contributing factors to this accident are lack of overseeing and enforcing regulations; insufficient training provided by the airline company to pilots; no specific requirements by the company to mandate physical/manual, instead of only simulated, line training; cockpit culture; and complex flight control manuals. The AcciMap methodology has been applied to analyze accidents in different industries, such as railroad, offshore drilling and chemical processing. It is, however, noteworthy that due to our knowledge, this methodology has been used for the analysis of very few aviation accidents.
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Lutte, Rebecca K., and Russell W. Mills. "Collaborating to train the next generation of pilots: Exploring partnerships between higher education and the airline industry." Industry and Higher Education 33, no. 6 (September 23, 2019): 448–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950422219876472.
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The airline industry is experiencing a pilot supply problem that has dominated headlines across the world. Boeing estimates over 790,000 pilots are needed worldwide in the next 20 years to accommodate growth and staffing retirements. Regulatory reforms implemented in the aftermath of the crash of Colgan Air 3407 resulted in collegiate aviation programs playing a larger role in supplying pilots for the airlines. As a result of the fierce competition for pilots, airlines and higher education institutions (HEIs) have entered into a variety of partnership programs that develop career pathways for students while allowing carriers to secure talent earlier in the training process. Despite the proliferation of these programs, little is known about their structure, effectiveness, and potential challenges. The purpose of this research is to develop a framework of the types of partnerships that exist between HEIs and airlines for the purpose of addressing workforce development. Potential program benefits and challenges are examined from the perspective of HEIs. The methodology includes a review of existing programs and interviews with program coordinators. The research will provide new knowledge about the role of partnerships in meeting the needs of collegiate aviation programs.
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Zhang, X., X. Qu, H. Xue, H. Zhao, T. Li, and D. Tao. "Modeling pilot mental workload using information theory." Aeronautical Journal 123, no. 1264 (June 2019): 828–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aer.2019.13.
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AbstractPredicting mental workload of pilots can provide cockpit designers with useful information to reduce the possibility of pilot error and cost of training, improve the safety and performance of systems, and increase operator satisfaction. We present a theoretical model of mental workload, using information theory, based on review investigations of how effectively task complexity, visual performance, and pilot experience predict mental workload. The validity of the model was confirmed based on data collected from pilot taxiing experiments. Experiments were performed on taxiing tasks in four different scenarios. Results showed that predicted values from the proposed mental workload model were highly correlated to actual mental workload ratings from the experiments. The findings indicate that the proposed mental workload model appears to be effective in the prediction of pilots’ mental workload over time.
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Lewitowicz, Jerzy, and Stefan Rutkowski. "Research of the Reliability of an Air Combat Manoeuvere – Nosedive of a Jet Powered Aircraft / Badanie Niezawodności Lotniczego Manewru Bojowego – Lotu Nurkowego Samolotu Odrzutowego." Journal of KONBiN 31, no. 1 (December 1, 2014): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jok-2014-0019.
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Abstract This paper considered a problem of: the reliability of performance of a nosedive of a jet powered aircraft in the context of the ability of pilots trained on a simulator to reliably accomplish a combat mission. For research purposes, the manoeuvre of attack of a target with the nosedive, which is most commonly used by the pilots performing flights on different types of modern aircrafts, and the basic manoeuvre during aircrew training, both basic and advanced were assumed. The research was conducted on a flight simulator.
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Barron, Laura G., Thomas R. Carretta, and Maria Vincente A. Bonto-Kane. "Relations of Personality Traits to Military Aviator Performance." Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors 6, no. 2 (September 2016): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2192-0923/a000100.
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Abstract. Most research on cognitive and personality characteristics needed for effective military aircrew has focused on identifying measures that predict initial training outcomes ( Carretta & Ree, 2003 ). While many of the same cognitive aptitudes predictive of military pilot training outcomes are likely to also predict on-the-job technical performance, the strict technical focus of training may make it difficult to fully evaluate the relations of personality to broader job performance criteria. This study evaluated the extent to which pre-accession personality measures were predictive of the stratification (i.e., ranking based on job performance) of early-career US Air Force aviators on Officer Performance Reports in assignments after initial training. Supervisor and senior rater stratifications of aviators on overall job performance were significantly related to pre-accession personality scores. For both pilots and navigators whose job performance was ranked, higher levels of Extraversion and Agreeableness were associated with more favorable supervisory performance rankings (uncorrected r values = .20–.28).
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Borisov, V. E., V. A. Borsoev, and A. A. Bondarenko. "Development of advanced voice-supported simulators with the function of automated estimation of air traffic controllers skills." Civil Aviation High Technologies 23, no. 6 (December 31, 2020): 8–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.26467/2079-0619-2020-23-6-8-19.
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According to the World Health Organization, the number of potential pathogens worldwide is very high, which increases the likelihood of a new pandemic. The impact of the new coronavirus infection (Covid-19) on all spheres of human activity, including the air transport industry, has shown that it is necessary to take into account the possibilities of its functioning under the new conditions. During the research, the possibility of using automated modular training systems for the air traffic controllers training in the remote access mode has been considered. The well-known simulators do not implement a justified instrumental procedure for measuring the acquired skills in air traffic services and the assessment of their development is carried out by the instructor, who reacts to the student’s actions on the basis of his experience. It is difficult for the instructor to control the development of a student’s individual skills and he has to rely on his own experience. To simulate the controller-pilot contour, pseudo-pilots are involved, manually changing the flight parameters of the aircraft and simulating R/T communication. The well-known simulators do not allow independent training. As a result, a conceptual design was formed and a promising simulator with the function of training automation and voice support was developed. The effectiveness of the proposed solutions was tested in comparison with the traditional approach to simulator training. Eventually it was found that after using a special simulator, students' mistakes decreased. Subsequently, the simulator was used for practical training of students providing the distance learning in circumstances of pandemics (Covid-19). The project showed its viability and the ability to conduct remote training of air traffic controllers, after appropriate refinement of the promising simulator.
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Li, Wen-Chin. "The Investigation of Suitability of Aeronautical Decision-making Mnemonics in Tactical Environments." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 49, no. 25 (September 2005): 2187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120504902515.
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The purpose of this research was to evaluate the suitability of ADM mnemonics for training decision making in cadet pilots. Sixty instructor pilots and forty-seven cadet pilots in the Republic of China Air Force Academy participated. They assessed the suitability of five different ADM mnemonics (SHOR -Wohl, 1981; PASS -Maher, 1989; FOR-DEC -Hormann, 1995; SOAR -Oldaker, 1995; and DESIDE - Murray, 1997) in the 6 different basic types of decision-making situation described by Orasanu (1993). These included go/no go decisions; recognition-primed decisions; response selection decisions; resource management decisions; non-diagnostic procedural decisions, and problem-solving. The findings indicated that SHOR was regarded as the most suitable mnemonic for application in time-limited and critical, urgent situations and DESIDE was thought to be superior for knowledge-based decisions which needed more comprehensive consideration but were less time limited.
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O’Brien, Jamie, and Rebecca A. Bull Schaefer. "Deadly distraction – Eastern Air 401: the accident that changed aviation forever." CASE Journal 16, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 345–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tcj-10-2019-0095.
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Case overview/synopsis On the evening of December 29, 1972, Eastern Air 401 (EA401) was on a routine flight from New York to Miami. Despite EA401 flying one of the most advanced aircraft at the time (the Lockheed L-1011), it crashed in the Florida Everglades killing 101 of its 176 passengers. Drawing from various first-hand accounts (cockpit voice recorder) and secondary evidence (news reports and online sources) of the tragedy, this teaching case provides a detailed account of the key events that took place leading up to the accident. The case describes how the pilots on EA401 were confronted with a simple scenario, a landing gear bulb not working in the cockpit, and through the distraction that ensued made a series of errors. Through many of the quotes in the text, readers gain an understanding of the impressions and perceptions of the pilots, including how they felt about many of the critical decisions and incidents during the last minutes of the flight. The case concludes by highlighting the main findings of the NTSB report. Complexity academic level Depending on individual course objectives, this case can take two or one day to debrief. Specifically, if this case is used in an organizational behavior course, most of the case questions could be discussed in one day. However, if this case is used in a capstone HRM or group dynamics type course on teams and team training and performance, a second day could be used to develop documentation outlining training design or performance evaluation designs.