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Harvard, Ronald Wilson. "Training elders for effective ministry in a pentecostal community of faith." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com.
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Quiles, Rafael J. "The Smoky Mountain Children's Home a model for house parent accession, training and development /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2002. http://www.tren.com.
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Meyer, Gay Lyn. "The Effect of Teacher Training on Internet Usage in the Classroom." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332847/.
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The purpose of this study is to determine the impact on student use of electronic information systems when teachers have been given instruction on their use. By providing teachers with a solid introduction to the technology, a handy reference book, and an easy-to-use evaluation tool, it is expected that they will incorporate information found on the internet into their lessons at least twice a month. In addition, teachers will allow students to access information on their own, provided computers and Internet access are available, at least once a month.
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Eriksson, Lars. "An analysis of the amount of training injuries, incidents and accidents in a population of mountain climbers and possible underlying couses." Thesis, Karlstad University, Division for Health and Caring Sciences, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-837.
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Clarke, Gina Helen. "The relationship between diatoms and climate in a European mountain lake training set : implications for detecting the Little Ice Age in lake sediments from central Norway." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446608/.
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This study evaluates the use of fresh water diatoms, from lacustrine sediments, to infer past changes in climate. The main aim of the thesis is to reconstruct changes in climate over the past 500 years, including the Little Ice Age event, using lake sediments from Central Southern Norway. The relationship between surficial high altitude lake sediment diatom species and measured environmental variables is explored in 80 lakes from Central Southern Norway and North West Scotland through the creation of a 'surface sample training set'. 40 of these lakes have ice-cover duration data and diatom assemblages from these are examined to determine their relationship with measured environmental parameters. Multivariate statistical techniques demonstrate that ice-cover duration accounts for a statistically significant proportion of the diatom variance, and an ice-cover transfer function using weighted- averaging- tolerance- down- weighted (WA(tol)) techniques is developed. Unfortunately, large errors are incurred with the resulting model. For this reason diatom assemblages from all 80 lakes are explored in conjunction with the available environmental parameters. Canonical correspondence analysis with forward selection and Monte Carlo permutation tests reveal that three environmental variables independently explain significant proportions of the diatom variance. These variables are January temperature, TOC and pH. A January temperature transfer function is produced using weighted- averaging- partial- least- squares (WA-PLS) techniques and a pH transfer function is produced using WA(tol) methods. These quantitative inference models are used to help identify changes in climate for two high altitude Norwegian lakes (Gavalivatnet and Hornsjoen). Few changes occur in the diatom inferred pH reconstructions and few linkages are, therefore, made between pH and climate. The January temperature transfer function was applied and its performance is directly compared with measured values of century- long meteorological records. It appears to perform well at Hornsjoen and infers successfully the recent climatic warming. The reconstruction at Gavalivatnet does not reflect the extent of recent climatic warming suggesting that the method is not so robust for this site. Inferences about the changes in the Norwegian climate during the LIA are made using a combination of diatom inferred reconstructed temperatures, lithostratigraphic changes, chrysophyte cyst production and diatom species shifts. Several trends are evident within the proxy records of the lakes which can be linked with the climatic changes associated with the Little Ice Age and recent climatic warming. It is concluded, however, that although changes in the lake biota could be related to climatic fluctuations the signal is complex and multi-faceted. It is proposed that the two lakes respond individually to climatic changes, due to differing lake chemistry and bathymetry, despite being exposed to similar driving macroclimate variables.
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Bolland, Mark Edmund. "Nietzsche and mountains." Thesis, Durham University, 1996. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1579/.
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Freund, James. "The mountains of Mars." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539658.
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Collins, Patricia Jacqueline. "Three-dimensional fractal mountains." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23427.
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This study provides a guide to a series of systematic techniques used to create fractal mountains. The fractal mountains are created through an Interactive System for Fractal Mountains (ISFM) . To create the fractal mountains in ISFM a modified midpoint displacement technique in three dimensions is used. Augmenting the midpoint displacement algorithm is a random number generator that provides randomness in the displacement so as to simulate nature. These two algorithms plus an algorithm for lighting and for shading allow the user to develop different types of fractal mountains. When creating a fractal mountain with ISFM, the user has the options of placing the location of the light source for the time of day, of determining the ruggedness or texture of the mountain and of positioning the outline for a mountain range. ISFM generates a fractal mountain or a fractal mountain range on an IRIS workstation. ISFM provides a systematic and tutorial approach to creating fractal mountains that can be easily repeated by others.
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Zubow, Zachariah Walter. "Mirage of the mountains." Diss., University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3027.
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Mirage of the Mountains is a work for chamber ensemble, scored for flute (doubling on piccolo), clarinet, oboe, bassoon, horn, trumpet, violins (two players), viola, violoncello, double bass, piano and percussion (two players). The instrumentation decisions came from my studies of Gèrard Grisey's second and third movements, Periodes (1974) and Partiels (1975), of Les Espaces Acoustiques (1974-1985). As each movement unfolds, the piece experiences a growth in the number of performers starting with solo viola and finishing as a full orchestra. The ensemble I have assembled for Mirage of the Mountains is what I consider the difference between these two movements; it is six more instrumentalists than Periodes and five less than Partiels. Mirage of the Mountains finds its pitch material from the spectral analysis of two pitches on the contrabass, F1 and C1. This also requires the contrabass to have a C extension on the lowest string. The purpose of choosing these two pitches is one of form. The piece is in three sections, whose first and last section are based on the spectral analysis of the contrabass' F1 and the middle section using the spectral analysis from C1. This creates an overall formal structure of I-V-I throughout the work. The string with the C extension of the contrabass is also used to create form in another way. As the middle section is based on the spectral analysis of C1 of the contrabass, it also creates the opportunity to perform open string harmonics on the contrabass, violoncello and viola, as these are the lowest strings found on these instruments. Thus, in the middle section, these instruments have extended sections of harmonic glissandi that are unique to this portion of the piece. The violins also help to extend the range and color of the partials developed in the open harmonics of the other instruments by playing the upper nodes in the highest register of the G string. The partials used in this section range from the first partial to the 24th partial of C1. The title, Mirage of the Mountains, is a correlation between a spectrum analysis and the characteristics of a mountain. The premise is that the lowest part of a mountain is less steep and much wider at the base, just as the first partial of a spectral analysis is wider in distance and more audible because of its sound properties. As the terrain closer to the top of a mountain becomes more jagged, steep and narrow with more frequent peaks, the higher partials of a spectral analysis also become more frequent in relation to others preceding and following it. When looking at a mountain from a distance, it is also hard to discern all of the peaks that occur near the top, just as it is hard to discern each upper partial of a sound. Mirage of the Mountains is an aural depiction of the spectral structure of these sounds as it relates to a mountainous region and attempts to build an image through depth, form and texture.
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Rowlings-Jensen, Emma. "Nuts, mountains and islands : a cultural landscapes approach to managing the Bunya Mountains /." [St. Lucia, Qld], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18222.pdf.
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Stoffle, Richard W. "Spring Mountains Ethnographic Study Photographs." University of Arizona Libraries, Special Collections, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/304999.
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Roesgaard, Marie H. "Moving mountains : Japanese education reform /." Aarhus : Aarhus university press, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb400229225.
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Hanemann, Brigitte. "Cooperation in the European mountains /." Tilburg : IUCN European Regional Office, 2000. http://aleph.unisg.ch/hsgscan/hm00121427.pdf.
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Dunning, Stuart A. "Rock avalanches in high mountains." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/322902.
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Rock avalanches are a high magnitude, low frequency catastrophic mass movement involving the failure of over 1 x 106 m3 of mountainside. Rock avalanches are considered a major hazard of the high mountains due to the excessive run-out often associated with them. To date the mechanism that allows for such excessive travel distance is unproven although several dozen possibilities have been proposed. Rock-avalanche deposits exhibit characteristic features such as sharp lateral margins, confinement to local topography, super-elevation on valley sides, intensely fragmented interiors and preserved stratigraphy relative to the source. However, there are few detailed studies of the internal sedimentology of rock-avalanche deposits. Such studies are a vital piece of evidence in the search for the mechanisms of motion as rock avalanches are rarely witnessed. This thesis examines the detailed sedimentology of five rock avalanche deposits of varied lithology and morphology. A novel methodology is developed to sample deposits for their grainsize distributions (GSD). The GSD's prove similar for deposits, with significant variation due to preserved lithological banding in the interior. This finding refutes the commonly held view that rock-avalanche deposits are simply inversely graded. Instead, a facies model is developed of a coarse Carapace facies forming the surface and near surface that overlies a highly fragmented Body facies that is in turn underlain by the Basal facies that is free to interact with the substrate. The sedimentology of the Body facies is considered in fine detail and is shown to be fractal in nature, that is, self-similar at all scales of observation. A predictive sedimentological plot is presented that allows generation of the grain-size distribution and descriptive statistics from a simple estimation of weight percent gravel at a rock avalanche exposure. The morphology of rock-avalanche deposits are examined and a classification presented of 'spread' 'two-phase' and 'stalled'. The hazard and features of each morphology is described in relation to the observed deposits.
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Maier, Michaela. "Albert Bierstadt: Rocky Mountains - Lander's Peak." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB8832617.
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Stanger, Gordon. "The hydrogeology of the Oman Mountains." Thesis, Open University, 1986. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57011/.
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Northern Oman is an arid area almost entirely dependent upon groundwater recharged by highly sporadic rainfall. Precipitation estimates are hampered by a lack of any reliable altitude-rainfall relationship. Below 700 m there is no statistically significant relationship. The isotopic composition of groundwater is strongly influenced by the rainfall amount (related to storm frequency), and not just by altitude/temperature. Storm events with long return periods are of disproportionate importance to recharge. Despite the huge volume of carbonate formations, holokarstic development is generally immature, and groundwater storage is greatest in alluvial piedmont surrounding main limestone massifs. Isotopes, chemistry and hydrologic measurements show that post-storm evaporative losses are very large. The origin of limestone springs and their chemical and physical anomalies are described. Structure rather than petrology controls groundwater flow in the limestones, hence regional differences in structural style produce contrasting hydrologic regimes between the various massifs. The Semail nappe mantle sequence is the only other hard-rock formation of groundwater significance. Though much less productive than the carbonates, these ultramafics display extraordinary chemical activity, yielding bicarbonate waters from the weathered zone, whilst more deeply circulating groundwaters produce hyperalkaline springs by low-temperature serpentinisation. Associated processes include solute reduction, hydrogen evolution, hydroxide and carbonate precipitation, hydroxide-basic rock reaction, salt enrichment and water-rock isotopic exchange. Throughout the interior catchments, groundwater mostly flows into narrow buried alluvial channels which are often constricted at hard-rock nodal points, thus facilitating very efficient interception and recovery by the "falaj" system. Traditional agriculture has evolved to cope with fluctuating groundwater supply but is sensitive to increased abstraction. On the Batinah plain, greatly increased coastal abstraction has locally induced moderate to severe salinisation. Existing process studies are insufficiently quantified to provide the resolution necessary to manage groundwater resources, especially in high-risk coastal areas.
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Reeck, Adam Nicholas. "School Integration in Arizona's White Mountains." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29891.
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Due to Arizona?s mandated open enrollment policy for public schools, Blue Ridge Unified School District?s (BRUSD) population of Native American students has increased by 148% over the last 12 years as students migrate into BRUSD from Whiteriver Unified School District (WUSD) on the Fort Apache Reservation. This research examines the short-term effects of school choice policy in BRUSD by addressing the following sub-problems: 1) What are the administrative and faculty perceptions of changes affecting BRUSD? 2) What are the measured changes affecting BRUSD? Key findings include decreases in some test scores while other scores increase. Also, faculty is convinced the school is moving in positive directions as it deals with other comprehensive changes. Recommendations include that BRUSD incorporate best practices in schooling diverse populations and in Native American pedagogy. The overall conclusion is that BRUSD has a unique opportunity to provide a quality education for a diverse community of learners.
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Avanesians, Patrick, Giancarlo A. Daroch, John Fleming, Stephen A. Hundt, Steven C. Leake, Lujendra Ojha, Ben K. Sternberg, and David F. Wampler. "GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE TUCSON MOUNTAINS." LASI Laboratory for Advanced Surface Imaging, The University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624628.
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Transient Electromagnetic (TEM), Controlled Source Audio Magnetotellurics (CSAMT), Gravity, and Magnetic data were collected in the Tucson Mountains during the Spring semester, 2011. The goal was to investigate the extent of a low-resistivity porous sedimentary layer and faults that may form potential traps located under the surface volcanic layers, as interpreted by Lipman 1993. The sedimentary layer under the volcanics has the potential to be used for either water resources or compressed air storage to store solar energy. The results from the TEM and CSAMT surveys broadly correlated with the thickness of the volcanic layer and throw of the faults interpreted by Lipman, 1993. The gravity modeling suggested the faults may have a larger throw than what was indicated by the other methods. Because of the fundamental uncertainty in the densities to use in the modeling, it was concluded that the gravity modeling may not give as accurate a prediction of the structure in this region. For further investigation of the deep porous sedimentary layer, we suggest that TEM and CSAMT are the most effective methods.
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Vaitkevičiūtė, Donvina. "Kalnų dviratininkų rengimo ir jų fizinių ir funkcinių galių charakteristika." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120813_112639-09438.
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Nors Lietuvos plento ir treko dviratininkų rengimo klausimais mokslinių publikacijų yra paskelbta nemažai, tačiau Lietuvos kalnų dviratininkų rengimo, fizinių ir funkcinių galių kaitos mokslinių tyrimų duomenų literatūros šaltiniuose mes neaptikome. Todėl yra aktualu išryškinti Lietuvos kalnų dviratininkų esminius parengtumo ir treniruočių bruožus, kurie vėliau leistų tobulinti šios rungties dviratininkų rengimą.
Tikslas. Ištirti Lietuvos kalnų dviratininkų rengimą ir jų fizinių ir funkcinių galių dinamiką metiniu treniruočių ciklu.
Uždaviniai: ištirti Lietuvos kalnų dviratininkų rengimąsi kalnų dviračių kroso ir maratono varžyboms ir išryškinti rengimo ypatumus; nustatyti Lietuvos kalnų dviratininkų fizinio išsivystymo rodiklių kaitą metiniu rengimosi ciklu; nustatyti Lietuvos kalnų dviratininkų fizinių ir funkcinių galių rodiklių kaitą metiniu rengimosi ciklu; išanalizuoti ir apibendrinti Lietuvos kalnų dviratininkų varžybinę veiklą.
Buvo analizuotas kalnų dviratininkų atliktas fizinis krūvis parengiamuoju ir varžybiniu laikotarpiais. Atlikta sportininkų dienoraščių analizė. Tyrimuose dalyvavo Lietuvos kalnų dviratininkai (n = 19). Išmatuoti antropometriniai ir fiziometriniai fizinio išsivystymo rodikliai. Specialiam anaerobiniam alaktatiniam galingumui nustatyti buvo taikomas 10s trukmės maksimalių pastangų testas, o mišriam anaerobiniam alaktatiniam glikolitiniam galingumui nustatyti naudotas Wingate 30 s trukmės maksimalių pastangų testas. Aerobinis pajėgumas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]We found many studies investigating Lithuanian track and road cyclists, however there are no studies on the training characteristics, physical strength and functional ability of Lithuanian mountain bikers. Therefore it is highly relevant to highlight the essential features of the preparation and training of Lithuanian mountain bikers, which would allow us to improve the training process. The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamics of training, physical strength and functional ability of Lithuanian mountain bikers during the annual training cycle. The tasks of this study: to investigate the training for cross country and cross country marathon events of Lithuanian mountain bikers and highlight the training features; to establish the changes in indices of the physical development, physical strength and functional ability during the annual training cycle; to analyze and summarize the competitive activity of Lithuanian mountain bikers. Nineteen Lithuanian mountain bikers (19 – 29 years old) who participated in cross country and cross country marathon events were tested during the preparatory and competitive phase of their season. Anthropometric and physiometric indices of physical development were measured. Muscle power in the different zones of energy production was studied. The 10-second test was performed to estimate the special alactic anaerobic power output, whereas the 30-second Wingate test was performed to estimate composite alactic anaerobic glycolytic power... [to full text]
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Fair, Charles Lawrence. "Structure of the Roberts Mountains allochthon in the Three Bar Ranch Quadrangle, Roberts Mountains, Eureka County, Nevada." California State University, Long Beach, 2013.
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Ferguson, Mary C. "Sediment Removal from the San Gabriel Mountains." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pitzer_theses/16.
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The issue of sediment removal from the San Gabriel Mountains has been a complex issue that has created problems with beach replenishment, habitat destruction and the need to spend millions of dollars at regular intervals to avoid safety hazards. Most recently 11 acres of riparian habitat, including 179 oaks and 70 sycamores, were removed for sediment placement. Other sites including Hahamongna Watershed Park and La Tuna Canyon also face a similar fate. This thesis questions: How did we get to this point of destroying habitat to dump sediment which is viewed as waste product? What are the barriers for creating long term solutions and progressive change? What are some other options? And how should we move forward? The issues with sediment management have stemmed from regulatory compliance issues, adversarial relationships within agencies and among NGO's and the public, and the lack of a comprehensive long-term plan to prevent further habitat loss and other sediment removal issues. A recommendation includes looking at a community forestry model to include a wide cross-section of the community, NGO's and government agencies to come up with a long term comprehensive and progressive solution.
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Spoonhunter, Tarissa L. "Blackfoot Confederacy Keepers of the Rocky Mountains." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/323418.
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The Blackfoot Confederacy Keepers of the Rocky Mountains provides a first hand account of the Blackfoot intimate relationship with their mountain landscape now known as Glacier National Park, Bob Marshall Wilderness, Badger Two Medicine Unit of the Lewis and Clark Forest Service, and the Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park. The animals shared the traditional ecological knowledge of the mountains with the Blackfoot Confederacy so they could survive through the "transfer of knowledge" in their elaborate ceremonial bundles made up of plants, animals, and rocks from the landscape. The Blackfoot agreed to share the minerals of copper and gold with the United States government through a lease agreement in 1895 following the policy of the time under the Dawes Act that allowed Indians to lease their land allotments to non-Indians. Although, the Agreement was written as a land cession with explicit reserved rights for the Blackfeet to hunt, gather, and fish upon the land, the Blackfeet have continued to maintain their ties to the mountain in secret to avoid persecution and publicly when asserting their rights. These rights have been limited, denied, and recognized depending on who is making the decision--Bureau of Indian Affairs, the National Park Service, the Forest Service, and/or tested in the court of law. Despite the turmoil, the Blackfoot People have managed and preserved the area through resource utilization, ceremony, and respect for their mountain territory mapped out by Napi (Creator). Blackfoot know their status when it comes to their landscape as illustrated through the annual renewal of the bundles: "When we begin the ceremony, we call upon the water and the water animals, the sky people, the animals of the land, the plants, the rocks and so forth with the humans being the last to be called upon until all have arrived and taken their place in the lodge. Without the environment and its beings, we could not have this ceremony"
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Pease, V. L. "Geology of the northeast Sacramento mountains, California." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a5398b3d-6217-470e-8268-5e0829b13be8.
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A multidisciplinary investigation into the timing, distribution, and intensity of tectonothermal events has resulted in an understanding of the tectonic evolution of the northeast Sacramento Mountains, in particular, and of the northern Sacramento Mountains in general. The application of geologic, structural, geochemical, and thermochronologic techniques has provided the relative and absolute timing of crustal and tectonic processes, leading to the development of a petrogenetic model for the evolution of the Sacramento Mountains metamorphic core complex. The metamorphic core complex was uplifted and cooled during Miocene detachment faulting (-23- 12 Ma). The Eagle Wash Intrusive Complex, a calc-alkalic granodioritic intrusion, was emplaced during detachment faulting at -20 Ma, at -3 kb and ~680°C. The EWIC records rapid cooling and uplift following emplacement, at rates of >100°C/Ma and 1.5-3 km/Ma, respectively. The EWIC was below ~100°C (the closure temperature of fission tracks in apatite) by 15 Ma. The structural and thermal history for the syntectonic intrusive suite is best explained via an evolving simple shear zone. The EWIC was intruded into, or proximal to, a mylonitic shear zone. The SW dip of the myonitic foliation in the EWIC could represent a primary feature of the shear zone, or the capture of a relatively older feature by a younger detachment fault splay. The later interpretation is consistent with the thermochronologic data, which suggests that faulting continued in the east after its termination in the west. Using the thermochonologic data to develop a thermal profile of the crust, the angle of faulting was calculated to be <30°C. The slip-rate associated with the detachement fault, though poorly constrained, was determined to be -4 mm/yr. This value is about half that determined from other core complexes and suggests that extension was slower here than elsewhere in the region.
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Maher, Kevin A. Saleeby Jason B. Saleeby Jason B. "Geology of the Jackson Mountains, northwest Nevada /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 1989. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-06282007-082748.
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Shaw, James. "Numerical representation of mountains in atmospheric models." Thesis, University of Reading, 2018. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/82281/.
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Numerical weather and climate models are using increasingly fine meshes that resolve small-scale, steeply-sloping terrain. Terrain-following meshes become highly distorted above such steep slopes, degrading the numerical balance between the pressure gradient and gravity. Furthermore, existing models often prefer dimensionally-split transport schemes for their computational efficiency, but such schemes can suffer from splitting errors above steep slopes. The cut cell method offers an alternative that avoids most mesh distortions, but arbitrarily small cut cells can impose severe time-step constraints on explicit transport schemes. This thesis makes three contributions to improve atmospheric simulations, particularly in the vicinity of steeply-sloping terrain. First, a multidimensional finite volume transport scheme is formulated to obtain accurate solutions on arbitrary, highly-distorted meshes. Stability conditions derived from a von Neumann stability analysis are imposed during model initialisation to obtain stability and improve accuracy near steeply-sloping lower boundaries. Reconstruction calculations depend upon the mesh only, needing just one vector multiply per face per time-stage. The scheme achieves second-order convergence across a series of tests using highly-distorted terrain-following meshes and cut cell meshes. The scheme is extended using the k-exact method to achieve third-order convergence on distorted meshes without increasing the computational cost during integration. Second, a new type of mesh is designed to avoid severe mesh distortions associated with terrain-following meshes and avoids severe time-step constraints associated with cut cells. Numerical experiments compare the new mesh with terrain-following and cut cell meshes, revealing that the new mesh simultaneously achieves an accurate balance between the pressure gradient and gravity, and avoids severe time-step constraints. Third, a new two-dimensional test case is proposed that excites the Lorenz computational mode. The new test is used to compare results from a nonhydrostatic model with Lorenz staggering with those from a model variant with a newly-developed generalised Charney-Phillips staggering for arbitrary meshes.
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Waskiewicz, Karin M. "I grew up thinking hills were mountains." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4788.
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My paintings rely on discovery-- excavating into the surface to find the painting beneath. I work in an actual space that dimensionally inhabits the picture plane. The process begins with acrylic paint applied in thick layers, creating a sedimentation of color that is later unearthed. The painting emerges as I carve, gouge and dig away dry paint to reveal and investigate a world in paint alone.
The process allows for a journey through the depth of the paint, subtracting and adding to the supports until the painting is ultimately resolved. I see the layers of paint revealing their own history, some layers becoming more significant than others. Thousands of paint chips are made in the creation of each painting, which become remnants of the process. Embedding these discarded chips into my next painting allows for a sense of shared history.
Some of my process is predetermined, mapping out color layered substrates and other aspects of the painting arrive through an element of surprise, thought the process itself. I want the viewer to see the painting in multiple ways - in the way our memory allows us to experience the same place again in a slightly different way. The imagery comes from fragments of memories that I have collected throughout my life. Most of the memories are related to experiences that I have had in nature and with the people around me.
I grew up spending my summers at my family's cottage on the Alleghany River in Oil City, Pennsylvania. Everyday I would stare at the hills with my cousins and play across the river on various large rocks. We began to create a language about our landscape that we spent so much time discovering, naming our special places, growing up thinking hills were mountains.
The series of landscapes come from my desire to be in a space of awe. When I was studying abroad I took a trip to Crete Greece. Arriving in the night made me feel anxious about a place unknown to me. My hotel was disappointing and far from the downtown, I suddenly wanted nothing to do with where I was. Frustrated by my predicament, I went to bed. In the morning I stepped outside to find that I was on the beach with mountains in the distance. I was in shock; I had never felt such relief in a reaction to a place.
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Sattarzadeh-Gadim, Yosef. "Active tectonics in the Zagros Mountains, Iran." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7922.
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Dueñez, Ricardo Luis 1954. "OAK FUELWOOD VOLUME ESTIMATION IN THE HUACHUCA MOUNTAINS OF ARIZONA (EMORY OAK)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276409.
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Cai, Keda, and 蔡克大. "Magmatism and tectonic evolution of the Chinese Altai, NW China: insights from the paleozoic mafic andfelsic intrusions." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47147192.
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Wong, Po-wan Kenny, and 王步雲. "Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the Chinese Altai Orogen: contraints from geochemical and geochronologic studies ofmafic rocks." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44920878.
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Lane, Robert Andrew. "Geologic setting and petrology of the Proterozoic Ogilvie Mountains breccia of the Coal Creek inlier, southern Ogilvie Mountains, Yukon Territory." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29196.
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Ogilvie Mountains breccia (OMB) is in Early (?) to Late Proterozoic rocks of the Coal Creek Inlier, southern Ogilvie Mountains, Yukon Territory. Host rocks are the Wernecke Supergroup (Fairchild Lake, Quartet and Gillespie Lake groups) and lower Fifteenmile group. Distribution and cross-cutting relationships of the breccia were delineated by regional mapping. OMB was classified by clast type and matrix composition.
Ogilvie Mountains breccia crops out discontinuously along two east-trending belts called the Northern Breccia Belt (NBB) and the Southern Breccia Belt (SBB). The NBB extends across approximately 40 km of the map area, and the SBB is about 15 km long. Individual bodies of OMB vary from dyke- and sill-like to pod-like. The breccia belts each coincide with a regional structure. The NBB coincides with a north side down reverse fault—an inferred ruptured anticline—called the Monster fault. The SBB coincides with a north side down fault called the Fifteenmile fault. These faults, at least in part, guided ascending breccia.
The age of OMB is constrained by field relationships and galena lead isotope data. It is younger than the Gillespie Lake Group, and is at least as old as the lower Fifteenmile group because it intrudes both of these units. A galena lead isotope model age for the Hart River stratiform massive sulphide deposit that is in Gillespie Lake Group rocks is 1.45 Ga. Galena from veinlets cutting a dyke that cuts OMB in lower Fifteenmile group rocks is 0.90 Ga in age. Therefore the age of OMB formation is between 1.45 and 0.90 Ga.
Ogilvie Mountains breccia (OMB) has been classified into monolithic (oligomictic) and heterolithic (polymictic) lithologies. These have been further divided by major matrix components—end members are carbonate-rich, hematite-rich and chlorite-rich. Monolithic breccias with carbonate matrices dominate the NBB. Heterolithic breccias are abundant locally in the NBB, but are prevalent in the SBB. Fragments were derived mainly from the Wernecke Supergroup. In the SBB fragments from the lower Fifteenmile group are present. Uncommon mafic igneous fragments were from local dykes. OMB are generally fragment dominated. Recognized fragments are up to several 10s of metres across and grade into matrix sized grains. Hydrothermal alteration has locally overprinted OMB and introduced silica, hematite and sulphide minerals. This mineralization has received limited attention from the mineral exploration industry.
Rare earth element chemistry reflects a lack of mantle or deep-seated igneous process in the formation of OMB. However, this may be only an apparent lack because flooding by a large volume of sedimentary material could obscure a REE pattern indicative of another source.
The genesis of OMB is significantly similar to modern mud diapirs. It is proposed that OMB originated from pressurized, underconsolidated fine grained limey sediments (Fairchild Lake Group). These were trapped below and loaded by turbidites (Quartet Group) and younger units. Tectonics and the initiation of major faults apparently triggered movement of the pressurized fluid-rich medium. The resulting bodies of breccia are sill-like and diapir-like sedimentary intrusions. Fluid-rich phases may have caused hydrofracturing (brittle failure) of the surrounding rocks (especially in the hanging wall). Breccia intrusion would have increased the width of the passage way while encorporating more fragments. Iron- and oxygen-rich hydrothermal fluids apparently were associated with the diapirism. Presumably these fluids are responsible for the high contents of hematite and iron carbonate in fragments, and especially, in the matrix of the breccias. Exhalation of these fluids may have formed the sedimentary iron formations that are spatially associated with the breccias.Science, Faculty of
Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of
Graduate
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Vicenza, Sarah Dalla, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Forest vulnerability to fire in the northern Rocky Mountains under climate change." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Geography, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3422.
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Forest fires are an increasing concern under climate change. Substantially increased fire vulnerability could become a reality for many areas, including the Rocky Mountains. Forest fire hazard was examined in the upper North Saskatchewan and St. Mary watersheds for the period of 1960 to 2100. Ensemble climate scenarios were chosen to represent a wide range of possible future climates. The GENGRID meteorological model and the Canadian Forest Fire Weather index System were combined to assess possible changes in forest fire hazard in the Rocky Mountains. A wind model was developed to estimate daily wind speed variation with elevation. It was found that under most climate scenarios, fire hazard is predicted to increase. If future temperatures are warm, as expected, it could offset future precipitation increases, resulting in greater severity of fire weather and an in increase the number of days per year with high fire hazard.xiii, 130 leaves ; 29 cm
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Holt, William Everett. "The active tectonics and structure of the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis and surrounding regions." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184802.
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I determined the source parameters of 53 moderate-sized earthquakes in the region of the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis through the joint inversion of regional and teleseismic distance long-period body waves. The average rates of deformation are determined by summing the moment tensors from both recent and historic earthquakes. Strike-slip movement on the Sagaing fault terminates in the north (just south of the syntaxis), where thrusting (northeast convergence) and crustal thickening are predominant. Slip vectors for thrust mechanisms in the Eastern Himalaya in general are not orthogonal to the Himalayan mountain front but show an oblique component of slip. A combination of thrust and strike-slip faulting (Molnar and Deng, 1984) for the great 1950 Assam earthquake is consistent with the rates of underthrusting in the entire Himalaya and the rate of spreading in Tibet (assuming that a 1950-type earthquake recurs every 400 years). An estimated 4-21 mm/yr of right-lateral motion between southeast Asia and the Burma subplate is absorbed within the zone of distributed shear between the Sagaing and Red River faults. A component of westward motion (3-7 mm/yr) of the western boundary of the distributed shear zone may cause some of the late Cenozoic compression and folding in the northern Indoburman Ranges. Distributed shear and clockwise rotation of blocks is also occurring in Yunnan north of the Red River Fault. The inversion of 130 regional distancewaveforms for average crustal thickness and upper mantle Pn velocity indicates an increase in Pn velocity, coincident with increase in crustal thickness, of about 0.20 km/s beneath the Tibetan Plateau. Impulsive Pn arrivals from paths that cross the Tibetan Plateau can be modeled with a positive upper mantle velocity gradient, indicating an upper mantle lid approximately 100-km-thick beneath southern Tibet. This "shield-like" structure supports a model in which Indian continental lithosphere has underthrust Tibet. The crustal shortening within Tibet 8 mm/yr is thus viewed as an upper crustal phenomenon in which the faults do not penetrate the deep crust or upper Mantle. The forces generated by the thick crust in Tibet may partly cause the strike-slip faulting and east-west convergence in Sichuan and the movement of upper crustal blocks in Yunnan.
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Colton, John W. "Searching for sustainable tourism in the Caribou Mountains." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ59944.pdf.
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Bassett-Butt, Lewis. "The Cambrian lophotrochozoans of the Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica." Licentiate thesis, Uppsala universitet, Paleobiologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-252137.
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The origin of many lophotrochozoan groups can be traced to “small shelly fossil” (SSF) faunas of the Early Cambrian. Antarctica is a key region of study, due to the continent’s known close geographical proximity to well-studied Australian and Indian basins in in the Cambrian. Few studies have focused on this region however, due to a paucity of data. Re-examination of camenellan sclerites from the Early Cambrian Shackleton Limestone of the Churchill Mountains of Antarctica has revealed a previously unidentified species of Dailyatia in the formation, co-occurring alongside previously described Dailyatia odyssei Evans and Rowell, 1990, as in the Arrowie Basin of Australia. Re-examination of material previously described as Kennardia sp. A and Kennardia sp. B has indicated that these taxa can likely be synonymized as a second species of Dailyatia. Dailyatia sclerites were also found in the temporally equivalent “Schneider Hills Limestone” formation, which cropsout in the Argentina Range of Antarctica. These specimens appear to belongto a third species of Dailyatia, suggesting that the spatial distribution of tommotiids in the Early Cambrian was more complex than previously recognized, and that the group may be useful in future biostratigraphic studies. A study ofthe Middle Cambrian (Drumian Stage) Nelson Limestone Formation of the Neptune Range, Antarctica has revealed a moderately diverse brachiopod and trilobite fauna. The brachiopods have strong faunal links to taxa from South Australia and India, as well as other parts of the Antarctic province, fitting independent strong evidence for a united East Gondwanan region in the Middle Cambrian. An unidentified camenellan tommotiid sclerite is also described from the Nelson Limestone. This extends the worldwide temporal range of the tommotiid clade into the Drumian Stage, and suggests that more basal members of the brachiopod stem-group survived to form part of a more diverse Middle Cambrian fauna.
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Wallace, Mark Christopher. "Elk habitat use in the White Mountains, Arizona." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185690.
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I identified the seasonal ranges and migration routes for Rocky mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) that summered on the White Mountains Apache Reservation (reservation). I described elk distributions, movements, diets, and behaviors related to habitats in the White Mountains, Arizona from October 1983 to July 1986. I identified neonatal elk hiding habitats and how long they were used. Adult and neonatal elk were captured and radio collared. I determined movements and habitat use from direct observations of marked elk relocated by radio-telemetry. Yearly home ranges in this population were large; 638.9 ± 465.2 (SE) km² and 385.7 ± 313.1 km² for males and females, respectively. Distances elk moved/day were greater in summer (7.5 ± 0.3 km) and fall (6.5 ± 0.4) than in winter (3.2 ± 0.2 km). In summer, males selected spruce (Picea spp.) forests and associated clear cuts while females selected mixed-conifer types. In winter, males selected juniper (Juniperus spp.) and cleared sites. Females selected junipers and cleared sites, but also selected meadows and mixed-confer sites. Daily and seasonal elk activity patterns were similar to those reported elsewhere. Seasonal segregation of male and female elk groups occurred and was most related to elevational (and associated habitat) differences. Females moved to higher elevations, following snowmelt, earlier than males in spring, but males moved to higher elevations than females by summer. In fall, males and females used habitats at mid-elevations. Females were more frequently seen in forested types than males which were often observed in small forest openings. Habitat differences in winter were mostly spatial rather than structural. Spring elk diets were dominated by grasses (57.8%), summer diets by forbs (65.6%), fall diets by grasses (35.2%) and forbs (37.9%), and winter diets by evergreen oaks (Quercus spp.) (41.0%). Diets were similar between sexes in all seasons. Neonatal elk hid until 16 days old. Calves <10 days old moved less than calves ≥10 days old. Calf hiding sites were in mid-elevational ponderosa (Pinus ponderosa) on gentle southwest slopes. Hiding cover 0.36 m to 1.70 m tall was the most important component of calf hiding sites.
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Asmus, B. "Medieval copper smelting in the Harz Mountains, Germany." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1306174/.
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The Rammelsberg deposit in the Harz mountains in Germany is among the largest metal deposits in the world and has been in continuous use for more than a millennium. There is much controversy as to the nature of the metals produced and the processes involved from the ores of this deposit. This thesis deals with the largest and most accurately excavated smelting site of the high medieval period in the Harz mountains called Huneberg and may be regarded as typical for region and period. Traditionally historians connect the Rammelsberg with silver production, the mining historians, however point out that the deposit is too poor in silver and that copper was produced in the high medieval period. Modern economical literature classifies the Rammelsberg as a lead-zinc deposit. To contribute towards the understanding of these questions an archaeometric study of archaeometallurgic waste- and byproducts, such as slag, furnace lining, furnace wall, litharge and spilled metal drops was undertaken. It builds the base of the interpretation of the metallurgical activities that have taken place at the Huneberg and is contrasted with previous studies. It is suggested that copper, lead and silver in form of argentiferous lead were produced on site, using a complex multi-step process, taking full advantage of the numerous structural features of the site, e.g. the three furnaces present on the site. Successive smelting episodes produced black copper of increasing purity as well as a rather rich argentiferous lead. Because the site is similar to may other sites it is further suggested the mode of metal production at the Huneberg followed a more or less stringent set of recipes and traditions. The mass of 1600 kg slag recovered from the site suggest a copper production of some 600 kg or less, depending on the ore quality. Lead is thought to have been produced in similar quantities, which in turn would mean that the site produced also 1.4 kg of silver during its operation.
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Gutierrez-Camacho, Jorge Arturo. "Vorticity production in flows associated with mesoscale mountains." Thesis, University of Reading, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360754.
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Dalling, James William. "Regeneration on landslides in the Blue Mountains, Jamaica." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240015.
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Spelman, Nancy Latting. "Piaget and Inhelder's three mountains task : another look /." Thesis, [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1986. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12334996.
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Alexander, John D. "Bird-habitat relationships in the Klamath/Siskiyou mountains /." View full-text version online through Southern Oregon Digital Archives, 1999. http://soda.sou.edu/awdata/040226a1.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Southern Oregon University, 1999.Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-80). Also available via Internet as PDF file through Southern Oregon Digital Archives: http://soda.sou.edu. Search Bioregion Collection.
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Olding, Frank. "The Prehistoric lanscapes of the Eastern Black Mountains /." Oxford : Archaeopress, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb371978337.
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Owen, Lewis Andrew. "Terraces, uplift and climate, Karakoram Mountains, northern Pakistan." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/35081.
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The Karakoram mountains are situated at the western end of the trans- Himalayan Mountain belt. They are one of the most dynamically-active tectonic and geomorphic areas in the world. The valleys are among the deepest and hold some of the greatest thicknesses of Quaternary and recent valley fill sediments comprising glacial, debris flow, fluvial and aeolian sediments. These have been eroded to form terraces. Their development was controlled by tectonic and climatic factors, recording information about the last few million years of uplift and climatic changes. No simple relationship exists between terrace heights, degree of incision and terrace deformation, and the tectonic and climatic history of the area on the other. Allocyclic processes further complicate the interpretation of terrace formation. Several types of terraces have been differentiated and their sedimentology examined as follows. 1. Morainic terraces. The glacial system dominates with some of the longest glaciers outside the polar regions. These produce large deposits of till, dominantly of supraglacial meltout type. Three extensive glaciations have been recognised during Quaternary time and at least five minor advances during the Holocene. These produced extensive bodies of till scattered throughout the valleys: these have been used to reconstruct the extent and number of glaciations. 2. Glaciofluvial terraces Considerable thicknesses of glaciofluvial deposits infill small palaeovalleys typically of ice-contact facies reflecting deposition by high-gradient streams. Interbedded tills resedimented by debris flow processes are common. 3. Fluvial terraces These form a minor component and are common near the present river level. They were produced mainly by allocyclic processes related to the highly variable discharges of the glacially-fed rivers. 4. Debris terraces These widespread features were produced by failure of steep valley sides or by the resedimentation of debris, freqently till. Processes include debris flow, flowslide, rockslide, debris slide, rotational slide, creep, and slumps. 5. Lacustrine terraces Great thicknesses of silt were deposited rapidly in short-lived lakes. Incision produced terraces after the lakes drained. 6. Fan terraces These are polygenetic landforms comprising the sediments described above, but dominated by debris flow deposits of resedimented till. These formed early in the deglaciation of the area and represent a major phase of deposition which filled the valley bottoms. Fluvial aggradation and small mass movement processes modified their surfaces to produce typical fan geometries with varying surface gradients. Fan-head entrenchment and fan- toe truncation indicates that these are relic features. Tectonically deformed terraces are rare, but active faulting has been recognised near Rakhiot. Glaciotectonic processes, slope processes and dewatering may also deform terraces, and examples are described. Three planation surfaces were recognised and probably represent tectono-climatic cycles, punctuated by uplift and denudation in successive glaciations. A discordant drainage pattern reflects an early Karakoram structural grain modified by differential uplift of the Great Himalaya and the Nanga Parbat- Haramosh massif which produced the concordant drainage of the Indus River.
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Talebian, Morteza. "Active faulting in the Zagros Mountains of Iran." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620025.
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Hughes, Philip David. "Quaternary glaciation in the Pindus Mountains, Northwest Greece." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273442.
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Geomorphological and geological evidence for former Quaternary glaciation has been mapped n the Pindus Mountains of Northwest Greece. the dynamics and chronology of glaciation in this area has been established through sedimentological analysis, soil analysis and Uranium-series dating. Four glacial events are recorded in the sedimentological and geomorphological records. The more extensive recorded glaciation pre-dates 350,000 years BP and was characterised by extensive valley glaciers and ice-fields. A second glaciation occurred prior to the last interglacial, before ca. 127,000 years BP, and was characterised by glaciers that reached mid-valley positions. the height of the last glacial stage in Greece (30-20,000 14C years BP) is recorded by small cirque glacier moraines and relict periglacial rock glaciers. evidence for a fourth glacial phase is recorded only in the highest cirques of Mount Smolikas (2637 m a.s.l.), the highest peak in the Pindus Mountains. This phase of glaciation is likely to have occurred during the Late-glacial Substage (14-10,000 14C years BP). All of the glaciers during the different glacial stages were reconstructed and used alongside periglacial rock glaciers to determine palaeoclimate. During the glacial maximum of the last glacial stage mean annual temperatures were ca. 8-9°C lower than at present, and mean annual precipitation greater than 2000 mm - similar to modern values. Earlier glacial maxima are likely to have been colder but with mean annual precipitation still greater than 2000 mm. Maximum glacier extent in the Pindus Mountains is likely to have preceded the most severe arid phase of glacial cycles indicated in the pollen record and also global glacial maxima. this was because of the small size of the former Pindus glaciers and their rapid response to climate change, as well as the increased prevalence of aridity around the global glacial maxima. The glacial sequence in the Pindus Mountains represents the longest and best-dated recognised record of glaciation in the Mediterranean region and provides a stratigraphical framework for Quaternary cold-stage climates in Greece.
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Beckert, Julia. "Fracture related dolomitization in the Central Oman mountains." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/55991.
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The characteristics of late diagenetic dolomite bodies (DT2) were studied focussing on distribution patterns, compositional trends, diagenetic history as well as diagenetic and sedimentary fabrics. DT2 dolomite bodies are exposed in Lower Permian platform carbonates and represent a stratigraphic analogue for subsurface Khuff deposits. Two types of dolomitisation are interpreted to have affected the platform carbonate succession referred to as early diagenetic (ED) dolomite (shallow burial origin) and late diagenetic (DT2) dolomite (medium to deep burial). DT2 bodies were found to follow predominantly the strike direction of fracture planes, bed-tobed contacts, the Precambrian-Permian unconformity and the bottom rim of early diagenetic dolomite. DT2 dolomite bodies are furthermore associated with brecciated fabrics of up to tens of metres in diameter interpreted as collapsed karst cavities formed by either meteoric or hypogenic fluids. The timing of the brecciation is interpreted to postdate shallow burial early diagenetic dolomitisation. The dolomitised matrix indicates a migration of late dolomitising fluids subsequent to or postdating the collapse of the karstic cavities. Two groups of diagenetic fabrics were observed in DT2 dolomite bodies in association to fractures and bedding planes. First, vug related fabrics comprise vuggy pores and zebra dolomite. Second, breccia related fabrics (centimetre scale) consist of either small-scale crackle/ mosaic breccia fabrics and centimetre sized vugs followed by bedding-parallel vugs. Christmas tree geometries, saddle dolomite cements and zebra textures indicate a DT2 dolomite formation by ascending fluids of at least 60 degrees. The regional ascent of dolomitising fluids is interpreted to be triggered by large scale faults in Precambrian rocks underlying Permian platform carbonates in the area ofWadi Mistal and Sahtan. The lateral distribution of fluids between both Wadis is most likely controlled by cherts, fine grained turbidites and volcanoclastics of the Fara Formation. The edges of DT2 dolomite bodies were subsequently exploited by hot deep basinal brines which potentially caused recrystallisation. Hyperspectral imaging enabled the detection of inaccessible DT2 dolomite bodies. However, the study revealed strong spectral variations in the spectra of DT2 dolomite across the Central Oman Mountains which is linked to weathering and dedolomitisation.
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Grill, Nicolette Deannah. "ECONOMIC GEOLOGY OF THE SAN BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS, CALIFORNIA." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/102.
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The San Bernardino Mountains are well known for their rich mining history, especially, gold in the mid-1800s and the current mining of one of the world’s largest deposits of high purity limestone. The purpose of this study was to compile new, current, and historical data of the major economic resources that are present and mining that has gone on in the San Bernardino Mountains. It is estimated that historical mining of the Holcomb Valley recovered $457,660,000 of gold or about 350,000 troy ounces based on samples collected for this study and 2013 gold price. The current major geologic resource is the limestone deposits on the north slope of the San Bernardino Mountains. Presently, there are three operators: Omya, Specialty Minerals, and Mitsubishi Cement.
The San Bernardino Mountains are well known for skarn gold deposits. New work indicates that the placer gold from Holcomb Valley is often of very high purity. Placer gold samples were analyzed using the scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive x-ray spectra to determine the purity of the gold. Rim and core analysis of the placer gold was used to determine if the gold was transported from its source and to give an estimate of transportation distance. Results show some of the placer gold of Holcomb Valley has been rounded and flattened by weathering and transportation with increased gold purity in the rims while other gold grains still sustain their octahedral crystalline structure. Rims range in gold purity from 84.26% to 100%, with core gold purity ranging from 79.51% to 99.79%.
Gold samples were weighed, photographed, measured, and classified by shape, angularity and texture, to assess the effects of transportation. Gold weights where used to calculate an economic value of gold. Geographic Information System “GIS” was used to visually display geology, historical and current mine locations, locations of samples used in this study, and to help calculate the volume of the Holcomb Valley TsE rock unit, which is where the placer gold is deposited. Sediment sample 15 from TsE had the lowest gold value of .002 ounces per cubic yard. This value is inferred to represent the amount of gold remaining after mining. Based on this assumption and the estimated volume of TsE at 50,027,000 cubic yards, the estimated total weight of gold remaining in the deposit is about 100,000 troy ounces, with a dollar value of about $130,760,000, using gold values for 2013. Sample 17 had the highest gold value, with .014 ounces per cubic yard. This is inferred to represent the concentration of placer gold deposits within parts of Holcomb Valley that have never been mined. This yields a total weight of the deposit of roughly 700,000 troy ounces, with an estimated value of $915,320,000 using gold prices for 2013. The gold values were calculated using November 7, 2013 gold spot price of $1,307.60.
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Connor, Jackson E. "And the Mountains Shall Labor and Bring Forth ." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1311184862.
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Johnson, William Theodore. "Flora of the Pinaleno Mountains, Graham County, Arizona." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/609089.
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The Pinaleno Mountains lie between the San Simon and Sulphur Springs Valleys in southeastern Arizona. The Pinalenos are one of three mountain ranges in Graham County managed by the Coronado National Forest. Forest Service management of this range is currently at a crossroads. Either a strict preservation policy will prevail or the development of an astrophysical observatory will be allowed. The most notable features of the Pinalenos, the third highest range in Arizona, are the abundance of perennial streams and the significant elevational range of 2050 m (6,720 ft.) on the northeast slope. Recognized in the study area of this northwest-southeast oriented range are six habitats: Aquatic/Semi-aquatic, Isolated Rock Outcrops, Mixed Conifer Forest, Mountain Meadows, Ponderosa Pine Forest, and Woodland. Documented vascular plant resources consist of 449 taxa including 4 taxa of subspecific rank and 438 species in 306 genera and 95 families.
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Chum, Chun-yip, and 覃進業. "Cumulate pyroxenite and pyroxenite dykes in the Troodos ophiolite, Cyprus." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/197511.
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The Troodos ophiolite is a type example of ophiolite and has been studied for more than 50 years. Albeit numerous findings have been derived from previous investigations, some questions about the details of its formation processes are still outstanding. One of them concerns the origin of the pyroxenites in the mantle and the lower crustal section, and this is the main theme of this thesis. Integrated field, petrographical and geochemical work was conducted in this study. On the basis of distribution, the pyroxenites can be divided into two categories, crustal pyroxenites and mantle pyroxenite dykes.
The results show that the layered or massive crustal pyroxenites can be distinguished by their magmatic features, and their formations have been controlled by a series of factors, including the melt composition, change of pressure, magma replenishment and magma mixing. The crystallization sequences of the crustal ultramafic unit samples are classified into two trends. Trend (i) olivine, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, plagioclase has been derived from tholeiitic-boninitic transitional melts, whereas trend (ii) olivine, clinopyroxene, plagioclase, orthopyroxene from depleted boninitic melts.
Regarding the mantle section, the pyroxenite dykes have been formed by focused flow of melt during migration towards the crust. Data show that they are products of several processes, including melt-rock reactions and fractional crystallization. On the basis of modal composition, the pyroxenite dykes are divided into clinopyroxenites and orthopyroxenites. Geochemical compositions suggest that the clinopyroxenites have been derived from island arc tholeiitic melts, whereas the orthopyroxenites from boninitic melts.
The important overlap of the tholeiitic and the boninitic series throughout the sections of the ophiolite, as well as the presence of lithologies with compositions transitional between the two series, suggests that the two magmatic suites existed together. A tectonic model of subduction initiation, during which the subducting slab rolled-back rapidly, triggering asthenospheric mantle flow into the mantle wedge, inducing partial melting at a shallow level of the mantle to generate a series of island arc tholeiitic magmas and at deeper level, a series of depleted boninitic magmas. The two magmatic series have possibly been mixed during migration in the mantle, producing transitional units of the two series.published_or_final_version
Earth Sciences
Master
Master of Philosophy