Academic literature on the topic 'Training and mechanisms basis for peak-performance'
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Journal articles on the topic "Training and mechanisms basis for peak-performance"
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Fritzen, Andreas Mæchel, Anne-Marie Lundsgaard, and Bente Kiens. "Dietary Fuels in Athletic Performance." Annual Review of Nutrition 39, no. 1 (August 21, 2019): 45–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124337.
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Focusing on daily nutrition is important for athletes to perform and adapt optimally to exercise training. The major roles of an athlete's daily diet are to supply the substrates needed to cover the energy demands for exercise, to ensure quick recovery between exercise bouts, to optimize adaptations to exercise training, and to stay healthy. The major energy substrates for exercising skeletal muscles are carbohydrate and fat stores. Optimizing the timing and type of energy intake and the amount of dietary macronutrients is essential to ensure peak training and competition performance, and these strategies play important roles in modulating skeletal muscle adaptations to endurance and resistance training. In this review, recent advances in nutritional strategies designed to optimize exercise-induced adaptations in skeletal muscle are discussed, with an emphasis on mechanistic approaches, by describing the physiological mechanisms that provide the basis for different nutrition regimens.
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Green, J. Matt, P. Jason Wickwire, John R. McLester, Shawn Gendle, Geoffrey Hudson, Robert C. Pritchett, and C. Matt Laurent. "Effects of Caffeine on Repetitions to Failure and Ratings of Perceived Exertion During Resistance Training." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 2, no. 3 (September 2007): 250–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2.3.250.
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Context:Ergogenic effects of caffeine on aerobic or endurance exercise are well documented. Conversely, the ergogenic value of caffeine on high-intensity, primarily anaerobic performance is not well understood even though the proposed mechanisms of action for caffeine permit a strong theoretical basis for application to this type of exercise.Purpose:This study examined effects of caffeine (Ca) on number repetitions (reps), ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), and peak heart rate (PHR) during resistance-training exercise with reps performed to volitional failure.Methods:Subjects (N = 17) were tested for 10-rep maximum in bench press (BP) and leg press (LP). In sessions 2 and 3, Ca (~6 mg/kg) or placebo (Pl) was ingested 1 hr beforehand in a double-blind manner and counterbalanced order. Subjects performed 3 sets to failure (BP and LP) with reps, PHR, and RPE recorded each set. Repeated-measures ANOVAs, 2 (trial) × 3 (set), were used to analyze dependent measures with the Tukey honestly significant difference used when necessary as the post hoc test.Results:In BP, no significant differences (Ca vs Pl) were observed (reps, RPE, PHR). During set 3 of LP training, Ca was associated with significantly higher reps (12.5 ± 4.2 vs 9.9 ± 2.6) and PHR (158.5 ± 11.9 vs 151.8 ± 13.2). No signifcant RPE differences were found during LP.Conclusions:The findings of similar RPE concurrent with higher reps suggest that caffeine can blunt pain responses, possibly delaying fatigue in high-intensity resistance training. Ergogenic effects might be limited to the later sets in a resistance-training session. Further research is warranted regarding ergogenic effects of caffeine during resistance training and potential mechanisms of action.
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Nemmi, Federico, Charlotte Nymberg, Elin Helander, and Torkel Klingberg. "Grit Is Associated with Structure of Nucleus Accumbens and Gains in Cognitive Training." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 28, no. 11 (November 2016): 1688–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01031.
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There is a long-standing interest in the determinants of successful learning in children. “Grit” is an individual trait, reflecting the ability to pursue long-term goals despite temporary setbacks. Although grit is known to be predictive of future success in real-world learning situations, an understanding of the underlying neural basis and mechanisms is still lacking. Here we show that grit in a sample of 6-year-old children (n = 55) predicts the working memory improvement during 8 weeks of training on working memory tasks (p = .009). In a separate neuroimaging analysis performed on a partially overlapping sample (n = 27), we show that interindividual differences in grit were associated with differences in the volume of nucleus accumbens (peak voxel p = .021, x = 12, y = 11, z = −11). This was also confirmed in a leave-one-out analysis of gray matter density in the nucleus accumbens (p = .018). The results can be related to previous animal research showing the role of the nucleus accumbens to search out rewards regardless of delays or obstacles. The results provide a putative neural basis for grit and could contribute a cross-disciplinary connection of animal neuroscience to child psychology.
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IORGA, Anca. "Execution of plies – basis of classical dance technique." Theatrical Colloquia 12, no. 2 (December 1, 2022): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35218/tco.2022.12.2.14.
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We rest our endeavour on the fact that the correct technical execution of classical dance movements may lead to the development of specific motor skills and their accurate performance, hence leading to higher precision in movement. This will result in increased body stability when at rest and in motion, increased number of pirouette turns and in higher joint range of motion. This research aims at determining the interindividual differences occurring in similar training conditions in children learning classical dance techniques, and the way in which the proper acquisition of movement mechanisms helps improve the execution technique. Higher mobility of lower limb joints combined with the development of muscular strength in the lower body may lead to accurately performing the classical dance technical elements. We measure the subjects’ mobility of the lower limbs and the maximum amount of force generated by their lower body muscles during the first year of study. At the end of the year, after developing the basic skills, the subjects undergo retesting. Proper training at the appropriate time is an important indicator of measuring the accuracy of performing the motor skills developed over the years, thus contributing to a long and injury-free career of the dancers.
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Shekhavtsova, Svitlana. "THE CONCEPTUAL BASIS OF STUDENTS’ SUBJECTIVITIES TO THE PROFESSIONAL AND PEDAGOGICAL FUTURE PERFORMANCE." Journal of Education Culture and Society 6, no. 2 (January 1, 2020): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15503/jecs20152.102.109.
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We discussed the notion of “students’ subjectivities” from the current psychological and pedagogical point of view. The author investigates the notion in its historical development. The paper reviews the developing students’ subjectivities, focusing on students’ abilities and personal characteristics, such as students’ setting goals, achievement values, recognizing actual or potential perspectives. The article aims to study the problem of developing students’ subjectivities and to carry out theoretical analysis of students’ subjectivities showing the historical development of this category and reflecting the stages of students’ professional and pedagogical development. The target group of students are students related to pedagogical teaching practice. Relations between students’ subjectivities and the efficiency of their future professional and pedagogical performance are discussed, as well as how to develop students’ subjectivities creating special pedagogical conditions during the academic process in the university. We also focus on stages of students’ professional and pedagogical development, such as the stage of students’ professional training, professional adaptation stage and directly professionalization. In this regard, we present the core conceptual bases of students’ subjectivities development to professional and pedagogical performance. The conceptual bases highlight the idea of students’ gradual change from one stage of students’ professional and pedagogical development to the following ones; the idea of the organization of reflective teaching activities of students’ interaction in the development of students’ subjectivities; and the idea of interpreting the mechanisms of the students’ subjectivities development.
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Haque, Ahteshamul, Abdulaziz Alshareef, Asif Irshad Khan, Md Mottahir Alam, Varaha Satya Bharath Kurukuru, and Kashif Irshad. "Data Description Technique-Based Islanding Classification for Single-Phase Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System." Sensors 20, no. 11 (June 11, 2020): 3320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20113320.
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This paper develops an islanding classification mechanism to overcome the problems of non-detection zones in conventional islanding detection mechanisms. This process is achieved by adapting the support vector-based data description technique with Gaussian radial basis function kernels for islanding and non-islanding events in single phase grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems. To overcome the non-detection zone, excess and deficit power imbalance conditions are considered for different loading conditions. These imbalances are characterized by the voltage dip scenario and were subjected to feature extraction for training with the machine learning technique. This is experimentally realized by training the machine learning classifier with different events on a 5 kW grid-connected system. Using the concept of detection and false alarm rates, the performance of the trained classifier is tested for multiple faults and power imbalance conditions. The results showed the effective operation of the classifier with a detection rate of 99.2% and a false alarm rate of 0.2%.
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Kachan, Yana. "TODAY’S CHALLENGES, WHICH INFLUENCE THE TRAINING AND ADVANCEMENT OF THE QUALIFICATION OF PUBLIC SERVANTS IN UKRAINE." Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie 33, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 28–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/ksm20220102.
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The article deals with the problem of qualification advancement of civil servants in Ukraine. The article reveals the problems connected with qualification advancement of the employees of the state authorities. The article outlines the main directions of formation of the current effective system of professional development of civil servants. It was found that the mechanisms of the system of vocational training, which are used in foreign countries, mainly do not vary from the domestic tools of professional development (e.g., workplace training, on-the-job training (lectures, seminars, workshops, interdepartmental trainings), group training, distance learning), but their application in practice has certain peculiarities. Reform requires a high level of qualification and professional uniformity of the management apparatus, which will enable to provide a professional basis for the constitutional uniformity of the system of power, as well as the transition (vertical, horizontal, interdepartmental, etc.) of public servants. The establishment of systemic and innovative thinking of public servants is considered to be a new challenge of today’s realities. It should be noted that “professionalism of a public servant is intended to ensure the proper performance of duties, stability of public service, the ability to solve complex problems and the ability and readiness to improve their qualification. The main criteria of professionalism of a public servant can include: Availability of high education; competence (knowledge, skills and abilities) in performance of duties; availability of practical work experience; discipline, responsibility; accurate adherence to the law; political neutrality; organizational, managerial skills, initiative, creativity; ability and inclination to work in the service career; social protection, as well as psychological, moral and ethical qualities”. At the same time, the character and nature of performance of duties by public servants require them to have not only basic organizational and managerial skills, competence and initiative in fulfilling the assigned tasks, but also high human qualities: orderliness, self-control, modesty and self-criticism, sense of responsibility for the entrusted task, concern for state and public interests. Professionalism is the main qualitative category of a public servant, which determines the efficiency of work and his career.
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Gunina, L. M., I. F. Belenichev, S. I. Danylchenko, and O. K. Kozlova. "Approaches to Determination of Mechanisms of Ergogenic Action of Non-Pharmacological Antioxidant Orientations." Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu 7, no. 2 (May 6, 2022): 231–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26693/jmbs07.02.231.
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One of the powerful methodologies of ergogenic nature is the use of vibration loads in the mode of "whole body vibration", which in terms of frequency of oscillations mostly coincides with the frequency of oscillations of the microstructures of the body itself. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of non-pharmacological agents with antioxidant nature of action in vibration loads in athletes. Materials and methods. To assess the effectiveness of vibration loads as a non-pharmacological ergogenic agent, we have chosen vibration loads as one of the most characteristic mechanical effects on the human body. The study of the effectiveness and impact mechanisms of vibration loads on the body of athletes using domestic spiral-vortex simulator involved 24 representatives of cyclic sports. They are qualified rowers in kayaks and canoes. These athletes were divided into equal groups (12 people) by the number of group members – control and main. In the dynamics of research, not only changes under the influence of additional vibration loads of indicators of special physical performance were evaluated, but also numerous homeostatic parameters that reflect the severity of oxidative stress, structural and functional state of cell membranes, the degree of endogenous toxicity, intensity of humoral immunity, and also systemic factors that affect the formation of physical performance – the activity of the factor induced by hypoxia and the main angiogenic factor. Vibration load after the main standard training session was created using a spiral-vortex simulator «PLH-9051» for 30 minutes. The examination of the participants was conducted before starting and at the end of the stage of direct preparation for the competition. Results and discussion. The results of our study have proven that the vibration of the whole body in this mode does not lead to negative changes in the basic standard laboratory parameters of the body. At the same time, it was found that the indicators in the 12-minute test (endurance characteristics) and in the one-minute test (speed characteristics) significantly improved. As for the metabolic changes that are the basis for such rearrangements of the parameters of special physical performance, it is established that there is no additional activation of oxidative stress during vibration training. Vibration loads, firstly, have a positive effect at the subcellular level – the activity of lipid peroxidation reduces and antioxidant protection improves. At the same time, positive changes occur in the activation links of angiogenetic characteristics, which are an indirect reflection of the increase in the number of microvessels and the improvement of tissue blood circulation with the increase of oxygen transfer and plastic and energy substrates. Conclusion. Thus, according to the obtained data, vibration loads in the mode of vibration load of the whole body lasting 30 minutes after standard training load are similar to hypoxic training conditions, but without the occurrence of oxidative stress, and can be used for the same purpose – to improve adaptation mechanisms and increase physical performance at the special preparatory stage of athletes specializing in cyclic sports, and in a more general interpretation – in sports with a predominantly aerobic mechanism of energy supply
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Sten, Sebastian, Henrik Podéus, Nicolas Sundqvist, Fredrik Elinder, Maria Engström, and Gunnar Cedersund. "A quantitative model for human neurovascular coupling with translated mechanisms from animals." PLOS Computational Biology 19, no. 1 (January 6, 2023): e1010818. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010818.
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Neurons regulate the activity of blood vessels through the neurovascular coupling (NVC). A detailed understanding of the NVC is critical for understanding data from functional imaging techniques of the brain. Many aspects of the NVC have been studied both experimentally and using mathematical models; various combinations of blood volume and flow, local field potential (LFP), hemoglobin level, blood oxygenation level-dependent response (BOLD), and optogenetics have been measured and modeled in rodents, primates, or humans. However, these data have not been brought together into a unified quantitative model. We now present a mathematical model that describes all such data types and that preserves mechanistic behaviors between experiments. For instance, from modeling of optogenetics and microscopy data in mice, we learn cell-specific contributions; the first rapid dilation in the vascular response is caused by NO-interneurons, the main part of the dilation during longer stimuli is caused by pyramidal neurons, and the post-peak undershoot is caused by NPY-interneurons. These insights are translated and preserved in all subsequent analyses, together with other insights regarding hemoglobin dynamics and the LFP/BOLD-interplay, obtained from other experiments on rodents and primates. The model can predict independent validation-data not used for training. By bringing together data with complementary information from different species, we both understand each dataset better, and have a basis for a new type of integrative analysis of human data.
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Dayrit, Richard Dennis Juinio. "Nurses’ Work Motivation and their Demographics: Basis for Human Resource Management." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 8, no. 1 (January 24, 2021): 170–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.81.9575.
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This study assessed the level of work motivation of 245 nurses generated through snowball sampling in a tertiary government hospital in Hail City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia using the Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale. The results indicated that the nurses had a low level of amotivation, moderate levels of all subtypes of extrinsic regulation, and moderate levels of intrinsic regulation leading to an overall moderate level of work motivation. Significant differences in levels of work motivation were observed in the domain of amotivation when nurses were grouped according to work position; in the domain of extrinsic motivation-social when nurses were grouped according to civil status, monthly salary and years of experience in the institution; in the domain of extrinsic motivation-material when nurses were grouped according to years of experience in the institution; in the domain of introjected regulation when the nurses were grouped according to age and civil status; and in the domains of identified regulation and intrinsic motivation when they were grouped according to civil status (p≤0.05). Hospital administrators need to implement specific human resource management strategies such as: (1) the implementation of a fair system of staff performance appraisal through management by objectives; (2) the provision of training needs of staff for learning and career development; (3) mechanisms that foster social support among healthcare teams; (4) mechanisms that promote nurse engagement, autonomy and empowerment; and (5) a consistent and equitable system of rewards and promotions in order to enhance the level of work motivation of nurses.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Training and mechanisms basis for peak-performance"
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Davis, Thomas Wayne. "Effects of Stress, Coping Style, and Confidence on Basic Combat Training Performance, Discipline, and Attrition." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26500.
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The attrition rate of enlistees in basic combat training is of particular concern to all Branches of the military due to the high cost associated with recruiting and training a new enlistee. Each year the military loses hundreds of millions of dollars invested in enlistees whom never make it to their first duty station.
Investigators have extensively examined the impact of physiological injuries on the rate of enlistee discharge from basic combat training. Also, investigators have reported that alcoholism, adjustment disorders, mood disorders, and personality disorders were among the leading hospital discharge diagnostic categories for enlistees during the 1990s; especially, within the first six-months of service. Additionally, investigators have reported that the transition process from civilian to military in basic combat training tends to be very stressful and anxiety provoking for enlistees. However, little data has been gathered to assess the relationship of enlisteesâ physiological and perceived stress levels and their attrition rate.
A study was conducted of 155 soldiers during their nine-week basic combat training at Fort Jackson, South Carolina. Salivary amylase testing was used as an objective measure of physiological stress, and the Multiple Affects Adjective CheckList Revised (MACCL-R) was use as a subjective measure of perceived stress. It was hypothesized that enlistees with higher levels of stress would also have a higher level of depression and hostility resulting in performance degradation. The results of linear regression analyses and multivariate pairwise correlation showed a statistically significant positive relationship among perceived stress, hostility and depression levels. Additionally, the analyses showed that for the soldiers participating in this study, coping style moderated their perceived stress experience. Those participants who were able to modify their coping mechanism to meet the physically and mentally demanding challenges of basic combat training tended to be more confident in successfully completing training. Moreover, they were less likely to receive disciplinary action.
The military training command has requested follow up studies to expand upon this current study to encompass the various training cycles over a one-year time period.Ph. D.
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INNOCENTI, GIOVANNI, and F. Schena. "From biology to training: basis and mechanisms of peak-performance in gymnastics and impact with other sports." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1003945.
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Previous studies: starting point.
Aim: training optimization to grow from Talent to Peak Performance.
SEARCH → Recruitment → Detection and discovery; DIAGNOSIS → Identification and validation → Goodwill; PROGNOSIS → Development, maintenance and control → Selection; Dosage and methodological; TREATMENT → Strengthening care. SUBJECTS FOR THE STUDIES: 16 athletes (gymnasts Team FGI / Olympic Club CONI). Average age: 20 years (± 4,17). DATA ALREADY KNOWN: genotype; history; athletic and physical parameters; performance indicators. MONITORED FOR: training plans and technical control. PERIOD OF INVESTAGATION: 2013 - 2015, still TEST EVENT qualifying final OG. THIS POJECT WORK WILL BE DEVELOPED INTO FOLLOWING FOUR OPERATIVE SECTIONS.
I study: Biological Survey.
Task: monitor also try to do it or how, any DNA methylation and histone modifications, which lead to persistent effects on the availability of DNA for transcription.
Goal: induced a result of special agents such as nutrition, nutraceuticals, nutrigenomics/genetic and stress factors.
II study: Training to peak performance.
Task: implementation and monitoring of the new system of performance gymnastics workout through specific experimental protocols intake on the field.
Goal: surveying methods, control, adjustment and validation shall be those provided by the FIG and therefore relevant to so-called "International Standard” for a peak performance in male artistic gymnastics.
III study: Time related muscle adaptations.
Task: evaluation of different dimensions of phenomena that characterize, from time to time, all the “adaptation to performance" caused by the administration of loads (chronic) and overloads (acute).
Goal: definition of the specific time related of changes after high intensity training including the phenomena of repairs after ‘regular’ damages producing by strenous exercise (vigorous eccentric muscle contraction).
IV study: Training load analysis.
Task: analysis of the specific effects of the training loads on muscle morphology and functions with relationship to the technical performance
Goal: to meet the three main factors for the conditioning of high level performance, namely the "Olympic Records".
Books on the topic "Training and mechanisms basis for peak-performance"
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author, Sherbondy Anthony, ed. Free+style: Maximize sport and life performance with four basic movements. 2014.
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Sports Biomechanics: The Basics: Optimising Human Performance. A&C Black, 2007.
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McNarry, Melitta A., and Neil Armstrong. Aerobic trainability. Edited by Neil Armstrong and Willem van Mechelen. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198757672.003.0034.
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The key parameters of aerobic fitness are arguably peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2), pulmonary V̇O2 kinetics, blood lactate/ventilatory gas exchange thresholds, and exercise economy. The effects of training on these parameters are well-established in adults but, with the exception of peak V̇O2, data from children and adolescents are sparse and confounded by methodological and ethical issues. It has been hypothesized that children lack trainability due to the existence of a maturation threshold that must be surpassed before training adaptations manifest themselves. While a persuasive theoretical argument exists regarding the reality of a maturation threshold, there is no compelling empirical evidence to support it. The extrapolation of a training-induced increase in aerobic fitness to enhanced youth sport performance is complex, and sport-specific research models need to be developed and implemented. To determine the mechanisms underpinning aerobic trainability during youth, rigorous investigations utilizing recent advances in non-invasive technologies are required.
Book chapters on the topic "Training and mechanisms basis for peak-performance"
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Singh, Manikant, Rohit Negi, and Sandeep K. Shukla. "Automated Flag Detection and Participant Performance Evaluation for Pwnable CTF." In Silicon Valley Cybersecurity Conference, 126–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96057-5_9.
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AbstractThe demand for cyber security awareness, education, evaluation of learning levels of students etc., has increased in the past few years. In order to meet this rising demand, several cyber security learning and training platforms have been developed. Capture the flag (CTF) platforms and cyber ranges have become primary tools that facilitate education, training and recruitment of cyber security personnel. These tools evaluate and rank the participants on the basis of challenges solved by them. A discrete evaluation mechanism focusing only on flags solved, fails to ensure that the effort and knowledge demonstrated by the participants while solving the challenge, are factored into the scoring system. Most of these tools do not even distinguish between participants actually solving the flags vs. those who might copy a captured flag without actually working on the problem. Further, in flag only scoring systems, participants feel discouraged as they fail to score without finding the flags – despite putting in enormous time and effort. In this paper, we present our novel approach to quantify participant’s learning, efforts, and any unethical practices. We award partial scores by automatically capturing their behavior while solving the CTF problems. We also provide an accurate ranking system with automated solved challenge detection which replaces the need for manual flag submission. In our system, participants get hybrid scores based on their efforts, and organizations get a better and an effective evaluation tool.
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Bertollo, Maurizio, Marika Berchicci, and Selenia di Fronso. "Mind-Body Interaction in Sport Psychophysiology." In Sport, Exercise and Performance Psychology, 118–32. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197512494.003.0009.
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This chapter examines the state of the art on the psychophysiological mechanisms underpinning mind-body interaction in sport, highlighting the unknown on the brain-heart relationship by means of five major questions. Specifically, the answer to the first methodological question provides basic information on the measures used in sport psychophysiology to quantify brain and heart activities, including their relationship. The following theoretical questions focus on the psychophysiological states underpinning performance optimization (i.e., arousal, emotions, cognitive processing) and on the psychophysiology of interoception and neuromuscular fatigue. Finally, the applied questions would suggest interventions integrating brain-heart and neuro-visceral-cognitive measurements to optimize performance. Overall, sport psychophysiology allows developing new training to achieve peak performance, based on the deep understanding of the underneath processing. Within this framework, available data suggest that the strong bidirectional communication between brain and heart modulates optimal performance.
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Kutsyi, A., A. Kytsya, V. Yartys, I. Zavaliy, Yu Pirskyy, J. Solonin, V. Berezovets, F. Manilevich, and Yu Verbovytskyy. "Hydrogen generation by hydrolysis of metals and hydrides for portable energy supply." In HYDROGEN BASED ENERGY STORAGE: STATUS AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS, 15–37. Institute for Problems in Materials Science, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/materials2021.015.
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NATO project G 5233 “Portable energy supply” was executed by 4 teams (Institute for Energy Technology, Norway and 3 Institutes of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine). G5233 Project was focused on the development of hydrogen fueled portable energy supply systems integrating hydrogen generation and storage units based on use of light metals, metal and complex hydride materials and portable fuel cells. The weight efficient energy supply device was developed by using these selected materials and performance-optimised NaBH4 complex hydride. Besides, various new relevant units of equipment for the samples preparation and characterization were ordered and accommodated in the participants labs and the program of training of young scientists at IFE, Norway was accomplished. Different types of materials for hydrogen generation were synthesized and characterized (activated aluminium alloys, Mg-Al alloys, MgH2 and their composites, NaBH4 with catalytic additives). The challenging objective of reaching a completeness of the hydrolysis of MgH2 was achieved; the reaction conditions were optimized and the particular focus applications integrating efficient hydrogen generation systems were identified. The mechanism and the kinetics model of the hydrolysis process of MgH2 in water solutions have been proposed which successfully describe the experimental data. In parallel with the hydrolysis reaction resulting in hydrogen generation and formation of Mg(OH)2 , the process involves passivation of the MgH2 surface by the formed Mg(OH)2 precipitate followed by its re-passivation with the rate constants of these processes being established. Increase of the concentration of MgCl2 leads to just a minor increase in the rate constant of the interaction of MgH2 with water but leads to a sharp increase of the rate constant of the repassivation of MgH2 surface. To achieve efficient hydrolysis of NaBH4 , different types of catalysts (heterogeneous on the basis of Pt and "homogeneous" - salts of Ni+2 and Co+2) were studied and optimized. Several systems were selected as candidates to provide the required hydrogen flow to operate a 30 W fuel cell over a given time exceeding 1 hour, based on a use of inexpensive and affordable hydrogen-containing materials and catalytic additives. 3 individual hydrolysis workstations (1 in Norway and 2 in Ukraine) were built, tested and optimized. The plan of the work to reach the objectives of the Project G5233 “Portable energy supply” is completely accomplished, all the milestones are successfully fulfilled and the overall goal of the Project is reached.
Conference papers on the topic "Training and mechanisms basis for peak-performance"
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Bîtca, Lucia. "Design of Experimental Research on the Formation of Nonverbal Communication Skills and Impression Management of Police Officers." In World Lumen Congress 2021, May 26-30, 2021, Iasi, Romania. LUMEN Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/wlc2021/06.
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Increasing competition in the organizational environment and strengthening human capital can greatly contribute to the ability to close existing gaps in the development process and ensure a more competitive level, and the professional development process includes not only setting career goals and training agreements, but also evaluations and the feedback needed to assess progress. By optimizing nonverbal skills and forming impression management strategies promoted by psychological training in enhancing the knowledge and skills of police employees, they serve as a basis for organizational projects designed to facilitate self-realization of internal potential and stimulate their involvement in the organization. Organizational behavior is the study of the behaviors of individuals, which involves understanding, predicting and controlling human behavior, models and structures, in order to improve the environment, performance and efficiency of the organization. The original of this paper is that the research results led to the identification of components and mechanisms for producing change at the macro-, meso- and microsocial level, which uses a perpetual mobilization of social actors in organizations. Another novelty, for a wider geographical area of scientific research, is the application of an intervention methodology in the training impression management strategies through nonverbal communication, with the purpose and purpose in developing relational skills and optimizing professional activity. The information obtained in research on nonverbal communication and impression management tactics on the organizational environment, can be applied for the development of programs for organizational counseling activities, business coaching and large-scale developmental training, promoted through managerial and corporate profile.
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Zerkina, Natalya, Galina Chusavitina, and Natalia Kostina. "ACADEMIC CHEATING: CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC NEGATIVE IMPACT ON HIGHER EDUCATION." In eLSE 2021. ADL Romania, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-21-042.
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The phenomenon of academic cheating/e-cheating is not new, but due to the massive growth of higher education and development of ICT in recent years, the problem is still relevant for the higher education system. In the context of distance learning, during the pandemic, academic cheating/e-cheating among university students has significantly increased, the range of forms of IT manifestation has expanded, and there is also a tendency to increase students' tolerance for these practices in the learning process. The probability that cheating/e-cheating is widely used by students during their studies raises doubts about the students' academic performance, the quality of training for professional activities, devalues investments into the education by students and their families, undermines the image of the educational institution, etc.The aim of the study is to work out mechanisms (approaches, tools and methods) to prevent the decline in the quality of education and the validity of the assessment of knowledge caused by academic cheating/e-cheating of students, including in the short-and long-term pandemic consequences. Methodology. The paper uses the analysis of empirical and theoretical studies of foreign and Russian authors devoted to the study of the factors of unfair behaviour of students. The empirical basis of the study is the data of surveys of students and teachers of Russian universities. As a result of the study, it was found that academic cheating/e-cheating among students increased in the context of the pandemic; factors that encourage students to resort to unfair means to achieve educational goals were identified. The mechanisms of effective measures to prevent student cheating/e-cheating are proposed, based on both the individual (personal) characteristics of students and the features (characteristics) of the educational environment, including the role of the teacher, fellow students, the educational environment, software and technical support, etc.
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Chen, Jinwei, Huisheng Zhang, and Shilie Weng. "Study on Nonlinear Identification SOFC Temperature Model Based on Particle Swarm Optimization-Least Squares Support Vector Regression." In ASME Turbo Expo 2016: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2016-56236.
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A nonlinear autoregressive network with exogenous inputs (NARX) identification model is employed for predicting the Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) operating temperature dynamics fast and accurately in a Solid oxide fuel cell–gas turbine (SOFC-GT) hybrid system. At the same time, the least squares support vector regression (LSSVR) method with radial basis kernel function (RBF) which uses particle swarm optimization (PSO) to optimize the LSSVR’s parameters is applied to establish the NARX model. The major factors which affect the cathode and anode outlet temperature of the SOFC-GT hybrid system are the inlet flow rate of cathode and anode. Therefore, the inlet flow rates of cathode and anode are taken as inputs of the NARX model, cathode and anode outlet temperature as outputs. With the training data sampled from the mechanism model which is derived from conservation laws, a SOFC temperature the NARX model based on the LSSVR is established. Investigations are conducted to analyze the effects of training data size and fitness function of PSO on the accuracy of the NARX model. And by comparing the temperature behaviors with the results collected form the mechanism model, the accuracy of the NARX model based on the LSSVR is verified with enough accuracy in predicting the dynamic performance of the SOFC temperature. Furthermore, in the aspect of simulation speed, the NARX model is much faster than the mechanism model because the NARX model avoids the internal complex computation process. For large size training data, the training time of the NARX model is only about 1.2s. For running all 20,000s of simulation, the predicting time of the NARX model is only about 0.2s, while the mechanism model is about 36s. In consideration of the high speed and accuracy of the NARX model, it can be applied to design valid multivariable model predictive control (MPC) schemes with high reputation.
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Gani, Abdullah, and Gordon Manson. "Towards a Self-Healing Network in Controlling Access to Network Applications." In 2003 Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2636.
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A self-healing network is a ‘dream’ for every network designer today. Abstractly it is a network that capable of maintaining the availability of network services. This would not be impossible to be turned into a reality if the networks are embedded with intelligence. By having the intelligent capability the network can be self- managed in response to events that taken place within the network itself through the learning mechanisms. This paper presents the User Manager Agent System (UMAS) learning performance in controlling a request for network application session. ANFIS of Matlab v5.3 has been used to simulate the learning process in which it bases on the training data of network state. The work also had revealed some weaknesses of ANFIS in processing a large volume of training data sets and substantial amount of time taken for processing.
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Viswanathan, R., N. S. Cheruvu, and K. S. Chan. "Coatings for Advanced Large Frame Combustion Turbines for Power Generation." In ASME Turbo Expo 2003, collocated with the 2003 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2003-38105.
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Use of metallic coatings for protecting hot section blades and vanes of combustion turbines for power generation has been a common practice for the last three decades. Since these coatings have to be optimized both with respect to different forms of corrosion and operation (base load vs. peak load) their performance can be machine specific. Power company users generally do not have sufficient knowledge of the failure mechanisms of the coatings and the basis for selecting coatings to suit their specific requirements. This paper describes the evolution of metallic coatings, discusses failure mechanisms, and describes a methodology for comparing and selecting machine-specific coatings. The methodology, which can be used to rank and predict the remaining life of coatings and for optimizing operation, forms the basis of a computer code known as COATLIFE. The ingredients of this methodology, i.e., degradation modeling and thermomechanical fatigue life (TMF) prediction, are reviewed in the paper.
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Neuparth, Nuno, Marta Fonseca, Beatriz Oliveira, Pedro Carreiro-Martins, and António Rendas. "A score methodology to assess concept maps in medical education in the context of pathophysiology teaching." In Sixth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head20.2020.11163.
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The main objective of pathophysiology teaching is to facilitate the learning of mechanisms of diseases and the understanding of their expressions in patients (symptoms, signs and tests). This objective requires the application of basic biomedical science to explain the abnormalities expressed by the patients. The capacity to integrate this new organization of knowledge is essential to the understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms, which explain expressions of specific diseases. Our group has a longstanding experience in the teaching of pathophysiology to medical students using problem-based learning (PBL) and concept mapping (CM). This semestral discipline has a yearly intake of 190 students, divided into 18 tutorial groups and supported by 14 tutors. The students’ learning progress is evaluated by their performance during the tutorial sessions and the CM methodology has been introduced as an additional tool to visualize the integration of knowledge and how it is displayed in the different pathophysiological mechanisms. Until now, the evaluation of CM has been qualitative and used as an additional assessment tool by the tutors. This study reports how we are changing this approach by training the tutors and developing a scoring methodology, which will be described in detail, together with a preliminary application in selected maps
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Georgescu, Diana-Nicoleta, Mariana Joița (Leafu), Constanța Popescu, and Delia Mioara Popescu. "Performance in School Organizations – The Result of Efficient Internal Management Control." In G.I.D.T.P. 2019 - Globalization, Innovation and Development, Trends and Prospects 2019. LUMEN Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/gidtp2022/06.
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The educational changes in the Romanian pre-university education system over the last ten years have required the creation of internal mechanisms, articulated through an internal managerial control system in order to improve and maintain performance in all the basic compartments of the school organization. The success and the performance of a educational organization is based on many factors that take into account the scholars progress, the professional training of professors, the curriculum, but also the manager’s style and strategies that he applies at an institutional level. Despite controversy and doubt, internal management control is seen as an indispensable tool in performance management of modern organizations. The reason for this consists in management control treating the present problem for all the typologies: that there is certainty in the fact that managers, alongside with professors achieve performances in the behalf of the organization. In order for the relationship between the manager of the institution and his personnel to remain favorable, it is normal that the management to measure and control the performance of his employees. The present paper aims to create an internal radiograph within a preschool education institution in order to hierarchize performance indicators and / or identify influential factors to be achieved in order to obtain a performing school environment (for children, teachers and the entity manager). The paper/research begins with a presentation of the theoretical concepts, followed by an empirical research that is based on qualitative methods, and uses as an instrument the interview (applied to teachers, heads of departments, managers). The paper ends with a series of proposals, conclusions that can be implemented in various educational organizations.
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Dorneanu, Alexandra, Cristian-Valentin Hapenciuc, and Daniela Neamtu. "Education for sustainable development at the level of technological colleges during the pandemic period." In 4th Economic International Conference "Competitiveness and Sustainable Development". Technical University of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52326/csd2022.09.
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Education in the field of community life and the mechanism under the auspices of society can register significant progress. A high-quality and high-performance education system, adapted to contemporary standards of social inclusion and sustainable development, the guarantee of a sustainable, harmonious and favorable future for each individual. Currently, human society is challenged to respond to all problems, both on a global and national, regional or even local level. These problems endanger the future of humanity, the importance of the present education, being considered to be the basis of solving the problems of the contemporary world. Education for sustainable development develops and improves the capacity of individuals, groups, communities, organizations and countries to think and act in favor of sustainable development. Access to quality education is essential for the proper functioning of a sustainable society. In general, education is wrongly considered to be only a process that precedes entering the labor market. From the 2030 Agenda, education is a fundamental theme. The Sustainable Development Goal deals with the theme of education and is called "Guarantee a quality education and promote life-long learning opportunities for all", One of the targets of this SDG is to present. in 2030, substantially increasing the number of young people and adults who have relevant skills, including technical and vocational skills, to facilitate employment, decent job creation and entrepreneurship. During the pandemic, conducting practical training courses was a challenge for technological high schools. From the spring of 2021, while the classes were each held online or hybrid, it was decided that the training internships would take place physically. We propose to carry out an analysis of the challenges of the teachers who had practical training internships and the economic agents involved in the level of pre-university education in Suceava.
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Xinqian, Zheng, Huang Qiangqiang, and Liu Anxiong. "Loss Mechanisms and Flow Control for Improved Efficiency of a Centrifugal Compressor at High Inlet Prewhirl." In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-42107.
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Variable inlet prewhirl is an effective way to suppress compressor instability. Compressors usually employ a high degree of positive inlet prewhirl to shift the surge line in the performance map to a lower mass flow region. However, the efficiency of a compressor at high inlet prewhirl is far lower than that at zero or low prewhirl. This paper investigates the performances of a centrifugal compressor with different prewhirl, discusses the mechanisms thought to be responsible for the production of extra loss induced by high inlet prewhirl and develops flow control methods to improve efficiency at high inlet prewhirl. The approach combines steady three-dimensional Reynolds average Navier-Stockes (RANS) simulations with theoretical analysis and modeling. In order to make the study universal to various applications with inlet prewhirl, the inlet prewhirl was modeled by modifying the velocity condition at the inlet boundary. Simulation results show that the peak efficiency at high inlet prewhirl is reduced compared to that at zero prewhirl by over 7.6 percentage points. The extra loss is produced upstream and downstream of the impeller. Severe flow separation was found near the inlet hub which reduces efficiency by 2.3 percentage points. High inlet prewhirl works like a centrifuge gathering low-kinetic-energy fluid to hub, inducing the separation. A dimensionless parameter C is defined to measure the centrifugal component of flow. As for the extra loss produced downstream of the impeller, the flow mismatch of impeller and diffuser at high prewhirl causes a violent backflow near the diffuser vanes’ leading edges. An analytical model is built to predict diffuser choking mass flow which proves that the diffuser flow operates outside of stable conditions. Based on the two loss mechanisms, hub curve and diffuser stager angle were modified and adjusted for seeking higher efficiency at high prewhirl. The efficiency improvement of a modification of the hub is 1.1 percentage points and that of the combined optimization is 2.4 percentage points. During optimizing, constant distribution of inlet prewhirl was found to induce reverse flow at the leading edge of the blade root, which turned out being uncorrelated with blade angle. By revealing loss mechanisms and proposing flow control ideas, this paper lays a theoretical basis for overcoming the efficiency drop induced by high inlet prewhirl and for developing compressors with high inlet prewhirl.
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Kaur, Jinder, Gurwinder Kaur, and Ashwani Kumar. "An Improved Method to Remove Salt and Pepper Noise in Noisy Images." In International Conference on Women Researchers in Electronics and Computing. AIJR Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.114.23.
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In the field of image processing, removal of noise from Gray scale as well as RGB images is an ambitious task. The important function of noise removal algorithm is to eliminate noise from a noisy image. The salt and pepper noise (SPN) is frequently arising into Gray scale and RGB images while capturing, acquiring and transmitting over the insecure several communication mechanisms. In past, the numerous noise removal methods have been introduced to extract the noise from images adulterated with SPN. The proposed work introduces the SPN removal algorithm for Gray scale at low along with high density noise (10\% to 90\%). According to the different conditions of proposed algorithm, the noisy pixel is reconstructed by Winsorized mean or mean value of all pixels except the centre pixel which are present in the processing window. The noise from an image can be removed by using the proposed algorithm without degrading the quality of image. The performance evaluation of proposed and modified decision based unsymmetric median filter (MDBUTMF) is done on the basis of different performance parameters such as Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Mean Square Error (MSE), Image Enhancement Factor (IEF) and Structure Similarity Index Measurement (SSIM).
Reports on the topic "Training and mechanisms basis for peak-performance"
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Rarasati, Niken, and Rezanti Putri Pramana. Giving Schools and Teachers Autonomy in Teacher Professional Development Under a Medium-Capability Education System. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-ri_2023/050.
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A mature teacher who continuously seeks improvement should be recognised as a professional who has autonomy in conducting their job and has the autonomy to engage in a professional community of practice (Hyslop-Margison and Sears, 2010). In other words, teachers’ engagement in professional development activities should be driven by their own determination rather than extrinsic sources of motivation. In this context, teachers’ self-determination can be defined as a feeling of connectedness with their own aspirations or personal values, confidence in their ability to master new skills, and a sense of autonomy in planning their own professional development path (Stupnisky et al., 2018; Eyal and Roth, 2011; Ryan and Deci, 2000). Previous studies have shown the advantages of providing teachers with autonomy to determine personal and professional improvement. Bergmark (2020) found that giving teachers the opportunity to identify areas of improvement based on teaching experience expanded the ways they think and understand themselves as teachers and how they can improve their teaching. Teachers who plan their own improvement showed a higher level of curiosity in learning and trying out new things. Bergmark (2020) also shows that a continuous cycle of reflection and teaching improvement allows teachers to recognise that the perfect lesson does not exist. Hence, continuous reflection and improvement are needed to shape the lesson to meet various classroom contexts. Moreover, Cheon et al. (2018) found that increased teacher autonomy led to greater teaching efficacy and a greater tendency to adopt intrinsic (relative to extrinsic) instructional goals. In developed countries, teacher autonomy is present and has become part of teachers’ professional life and schools’ development plans. In Finland, for example, the government is responsible for providing resources and services that schools request, while school development and teachers’ professional learning are integrated into a day-to-day “experiment” performed collaboratively by teachers and principals (Niemi, 2015). This kind of experience gives teachers a sense of mastery and boosts their determination to continuously learn (Ryan and Deci, 2000). In low-performing countries, distributing autonomy of education quality improvement to schools and teachers negatively correlates with the countries’ education outcomes (Hanushek et al., 2011). This study also suggests that education outcome accountability and teacher capacity are necessary to ensure the provision of autonomy to improve education quality. However, to have teachers who can meet dynamic educational challenges through continuous learning, de Klerk & Barnett (2020) suggest that developing countries include programmes that could nurture teachers’ agency to learn in addition to the regular content and pedagogical-focused teacher training materials. Giving autonomy to teachers can be challenging in an environment where accountability or performance is measured by narrow considerations (teacher exam score, administrative completion, etc.). As is the case in Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia, teachers tend to attend training to meet performance evaluation administrative criteria rather than to address specific professional development needs (Dymoke and Harrison, 2006). Generally, the focus of the training relies on what the government believes will benefit their teaching workforce. Teacher professional development (TPD) is merely an assignment for Jakarta teachers. Most teachers attend the training only to obtain attendance certificates that can be credited towards their additional performance allowance. Consequently, those teachers will only reproduce teaching practices that they have experienced or observed from their seniors. As in other similar professional development systems, improvement in teaching quality at schools is less likely to happen (Hargreaves, 2000). Most of the trainings were led by external experts or academics who did not interact with teachers on a day-to-day basis. This approach to professional development represents a top-down mechanism where teacher training was designed independently from teaching context and therefore appears to be overly abstract, unpractical, and not useful for teachers (Timperley, 2011). Moreover, the lack of relevancy between teacher training and teaching practice leads to teachers’ low ownership of the professional development process (Bergmark, 2020). More broadly, in the Jakarta education system, especially the public school system, autonomy was never given to schools and teachers prior to establishing the new TPD system in 2021. The system employed a top-down relationship between the local education agency, teacher training centres, principals, and teachers. Professional development plans were usually motivated by a low teacher competency score or budgeted teacher professional development programme. Guided by the scores, the training centres organised training that could address knowledge areas that most of Jakarta's teachers lack. In many cases, to fulfil the quota as planned in the budget, the local education agency and the training centres would instruct principals to assign two teachers to certain training without knowing their needs. Realizing that the system was not functioning, Jakarta’s local education agency decided to create a reform that gives more autonomy toward schools and teachers in determining teacher professional development plan. The new system has been piloted since November 2021. To maintain the balance between administrative evaluation and addressing professional development needs, the new initiative highlights the key role played by head teachers or principals. This is based on assumption that principals who have the opportunity to observe teaching practice closely could help teachers reflect and develop their professionalism. (Dymoke and Harrison, 2006). As explained by the professional development case in Finland, leadership and collegial collaboration are also critical to shaping a school culture that could support the development of professional autonomy. The collective energies among teachers and the principal will also direct the teacher toward improving teaching, learning, and caring for students and parents (Hyslop-Margison and Sears, 2010; Hargreaves, 2000). Thus, the new TPD system in Jakarta adopts the feature of collegial collaboration. This is considered as imperative in Jakarta where teachers used to be controlled and join a professional development activity due to external forces. Learning autonomy did not exist within themselves. Hence, teachers need a leader who can turn the "professional development regulation" into a culture at schools. The process will shape teachers to do professional development quite autonomously (Deci et al., 2001). In this case, a controlling leadership style will hinder teachers’ autonomous motivation. Instead, principals should articulate a clear vision, consider teachers' individual needs and aspirations, inspire, and support professional development activities (Eyal and Roth, 2011). This can also be called creating a professional culture at schools (Fullan, 1996). In this Note, we aim to understand how the schools and teachers respond to the new teacher professional development system. We compare experience and motivation of different characteristics of teachers.
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Mizrach, Amos, Sydney L. Spahr, Ephraim Maltz, Michael R. Murphy, Zeev Schmilovitch, Jan E. Novakofski, Uri M. Peiper, et al. Ultrasonic Body Condition Measurements for Computerized Dairy Management Systems. United States Department of Agriculture, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568109.bard.
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The body condition (BC) score is recognized in the dairy industry as an essential tool for managing the energy reserves of the dairy cow, which is essential for sustaining optimal and efficient production over several lactations. The current use of BC scoring depends on the accuracy of subjective visual estimates, and this limits its kusefulness as a management aid in the dairy industry. A measuring tool that would frequently provide objective data on the cow's body reserves would be a major contribution to efficient dairy herd management. Ultrasonic sensors have the potential to be developed into an efficient BC measuring device, and the experimental use of such sensors for subcutaneous fat thickness (SDFT) estimates, as an indication for BC in beef cattle, supports this assumption. The purposes of this project were: 1. To compare visual BC scoring and ultrasonic fat thickness with on-line automated body weight (BW) measurements as monitors of nutritional adequacy of dairy cows at various stages of lactation. 2. To determine the effects of variation in digestive fill in early and late lactation on the accuracy of body weight measurements in lactating cows. 3. To modify an existing ultrasonic system and develop a specialized, low-cost sensor for repeatable determination of body condition scores by users with minimal training and skill. 4. To develop a standard for the assignment of body condition scores based on ultrasonic measurements of subdermal fat thickness. The procedure to execute these objectives involved: 1. Frequent measurement of BW, milk yield (MY), BC (visually scored) and subdermal fat thickness ultrasonically measured of dairy cows, and data analysis on average and individual basis. 2. Testing and selection of an appropriate special-purpose sensor, finding an optimum body location for working an ultrasonic measurement, prcessing the signals obtained, and correlating the resulting measurements with performance responses in lactating cows. Linking the ultrasonic signals to BC scores, and developing a BC scoring data acquisition system are the first steps towards fulfilling the necessary requirements for incorporating this device into an existing dairy herd management system, in order to provide the industry with a powerful managment tool. From the results obtained we could conclude that: 1. BC does not correlate with BW changes during all stages of lactation, although in general terms it does. These results were confirmed by individual cow BW and BC data obtained during the course of lactation, that were supported by individual objective ultrasonic measurement of SDFT. 2. BW changes reflect energy metabolism reliably ony after peak milk yield; early in lactation, a decrease in BW expresses mobilization of body reserves only qualitatively, and not quantitatively. 3. Gastrointestinal content increases throughout the whole period during which dry matter intake (DMI) increases. The drastic increase very early in lactation prevents the use of BW changes as a basis for quantitative estimatio of energy meatabolism; at this stage of lactation, konly a BC score or any other direct measurements willl provide a quantitative estimate of energy metabolism. 4. Ultrasonic measurements of subdermal fat thickness can be used to quantify changes that correlate with the actual condition of the cow, as assessed by performance and the traditional way of scoring. 5. To find the best site on the cow's body at which to obtain responses to BC and its changes in the course of lactation, additional sites have to be examined. From the present study, it seems that the sites between ribs 12 and 13 have the potential for this purpose. 6. The use of templates made it easier to repeat measurements at a desired site and spot. However, the convenient easy-to-handle way to standardize the measurement, described in this study, koffers scope for improvement. 7. The RF peak values of the A-mode are better indicators of the location of fat layer borders than image analysis, from the point of view of future commercial development. 8. The distances between the RF peaks of the A-mode can be automatically measured by suitable software, for future commercial development. 9. Proper analysis of daily body weight and milk yield data can provide the necessary information on body condition changes during lactation, until a direct BC measurement device is developed. 10. In any case, at least one visual BC assessment has to be done, preferably immediately after calving, for calibration purposes.