Journal articles on the topic 'Traffic noise – Health aspects'
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1
Ning, Qiao, and Hao Tong. "Case study: Analysis and planning of campus acoustic environment under traffic noise: A case analysis of Shandong University in China." Noise Control Engineering Journal 68, no. 5 (September 1, 2020): 378–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/1/376832.
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The purpose of this article is to analyze the acoustic environment of the campus under the influence of urban traffic noise and put forward the corresponding noise reduction measures. Taking the Central Campus of Shandong University as an example, this research obtained the noise data of the traffic inside and around the campus according to field measurement, drew the map of the traffic noise on the campus and analyzed the noise condition of campus from two aspects of the whole campus and the three functional areas â–” living area, sports area, and teaching area. The results indicated that the traffic noise on the campus mainly comes from the off-campus traffic, and the affected area is concentrated in the edge of the campus; the most serious area is the West dormitory area. Based on the analysis results, this article put forward constructive suggestions for campus acoustic environment planning and simulated the adjustment of campus planning to improve acoustic environment on the campus.
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Lakhtaria, Ketan, Sandip Trivedi, and Anurag Kandya. "Monitoring and Assessing the Environmental Noise along a Busy Traffic Corridor of Ahmedabad City, India." Current World Environment 16, no. 1 (April 28, 2021): 198–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.16.1.20.
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Noise pollution is a growing problem across the world and one which many people may not be aware of the impacts on their health. The environmental noise, and in particular the road traffic noise, remains a major environmental problem affecting the health and well-being of millions of people. With this background, a comprehensive ‘noise pollution assessment study’ was undertaken for a busy traffic corridor of Ahmedabad city of India. The traffic corridor which spans around 22.25 km passes through a mix of different areas like educational, commercials and residential. A two week long field survey was carried out on this corridor during 10-23 May, 2018 at 24 locations spread over the entire corridor. The assessment reveals that the average noise level always exceeded the prescribed guidelines of World Health Organization (WHO) for the daytime noise (75 dB (A) for Industrial area, 65 dB (A) for Commercial area, 55 dB (A) for Residential area and 50 dB (A) for Silence zones), which is quite alarming. For a major portion of the traffic corridor (79.6%), even the minimum noise level was above the permissible average noise level which is a matter of great concern. The highest noise level observed was 86.0 dB (A). Clubbing the ranks of the traffic corridor segments for the noise indicators like LAeq, Lmin, Lmax, L90, L50, L10 and LNP revealed that locations like Akhbarnagar followed by Naranpura were in the nosiest. Looking to implications of the high noise levels on the human health and productivity, it is important to initiate suitable mitigation measures. The present comprehensive study brings forth the spatial and quantitative aspects of noise pollution across the busy corridor of the city which would be of great help to the civic administration in understanding the magnitude of the problem and subsequently initiate suitable mitigative measures.
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Lykov, Igor, Nadezhda Loboda, and Alexey Streltsov. "MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ACOUSTIC POLLUTION OF URBANIZED AREAS." Akustika 32 (March 1, 2019): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.36336/akustika20193239.
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Noise pollution of the urban environment in recent years has become a serious environmental and social problem, a threat to the health and well-being of the population. Although noise for the population is not such a priority, as, for example, chemical pollution of air and water, but it has always been the subject of public interest. There are varieties of noise generation sources of which the traffic noise could be a major source. Among the many factors affecting the health of the population, urban noise is the most common and aggressive. The article deals with the problem of the negative impact of noise on human health and on the structure of the general morbidity of the population. The authors addressed the problem of noise pollution in the city of Kaluga. Presents the dynamics of changes in the number of cars and noise pollution over the past ten years. It is shown that today cars are the dominant sources of urban noise environment. The interpretation of the results of full-scale acoustic measurements carried out on the main urban highways is given. The regularities of changes in noise levels in different seasons of the year are revealed. It is concluded that the permissible values of acoustic effects in the city of Kaluga are exceeded. The results of the integrated assessment of child morbidity associated with an increase in the number of vehicles in the city and an increase in acoustic load are presented.
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Dzhambov, Angel M., and Donka D. Dimitrova. "Evaluation of the social and economic burden of road traffic noise-attributed myocardial infarction in Bulgarian urban population / Procjena socijalnog i ekonomskog tereta infarkta miokarda povezanog s cestovnom bukom u bugarskog urbanog stanovništva." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 66, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aiht-2015-66-2562.
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Abstract Road traffic noise is a widely studied environmental risk factor for ischaemic heart disease and myocardial infarction in particular. Given that myocardial infarction is a leading disability and mortality cause in Bulgaria and that a significant proportion of the urban population is exposed to high noise levels, quantification of the burden of disease attributable to traffic noise is essential for environmental health policy making and noise control engineering. This study aimed at estimating the burden of the myocardial infarction cases attributable to road traffic noise in the Bulgarian urban population. We used the methodology for estimating the burden of disease attributable to environmental noise outlined by the World Health Organization. Risk data were extracted from a recently published meta-analysis providing updated exposureresponse relationship between traffic noise and the risk for myocardial infarction. Based on these data we calculated the fraction of myocardial infarction cases attributable to traffic noise, loss of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and the economic burden, assuming € 12,000 per QALY. About 2.9 % or 101 of all myocardial infarction cases could be attributed to road traffic noise. Fifty-five of these were fatal. Nine hundred and sixty-eight QALYs were lost to these cases. The monetary value of these QALYs was about € 11.6 million. Although the measures used in this study are crude and give only an approximation of the real burden of disease from road traffic noise, they are indicative of the important social and economic aspect of noise pollution in Bulgaria. Hopefully, these results will direct the attention of epidemiologists, environmental hygienists, and health economists to this pivotal environmental issue.
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Fredianelli, Luca, Alessandro Del Pizzo, and Gaetano Licitra. "Recent Developments in Sonic Crystals as Barriers for Road Traffic Noise Mitigation." Environments 6, no. 2 (January 30, 2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments6020014.
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Noise barriers are the most widespread solution to mitigate noise produced by the continuous growth of vehicular traffic, thus reducing the large number of people exposed to it and avoiding unpleasant effects on health. However, conventional noise barriers present the well-known issues related to the diffraction at the edges which reduces the net insertion loss, to the reflection of sound energy in the opposite direction, and to the complaints of citizens due to the reduction of field of view, natural light, and air flow. In order to avoid these shortcomings and maximize noise abatement, recent research has moved toward the development of sonic crystals as noise barriers. A previous review found in the literature was focused on the theoretical aspects of the propagation of sound through crystals. The present work on the other hand reviews the latest studies concerning the practical application of sonic crystal as noise barriers, especially for road traffic noise mitigation. The paper explores and compares the latest developments reported in the scientific literature, focused on integrating Bragg’s law properties with other mitigation effects such as hollow scatterers, wooden or recycled materials, or porous coating. These solutions could increase the insertion loss and frequency band gap, while inserting the noise mitigation action in a green and circular economy. The pros and cons of sonic crystal barriers will also be discussed, with the aim of finding the best solution that is actually viable, as well as stimulating future research on the aspects requiring improvement.
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Terzakis, Michail Evangelos, Maud Dohmen, Irene van Kamp, and Maarten Hornikx. "Noise Indicators Relating to Non-Auditory Health Effects in Children—A Systematic Literature Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (November 24, 2022): 15633. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315633.
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A systematic literature review was conducted to investigate which objective noise indicators related to various noise sources (i.e., aircraft, road-traffic, and ambient noise) are the best predictors of non-auditory health-effects in children. These relationships are discussed via a conceptual framework, taking into account main parameters such as the type of noise source, the exposure locations and their environments, the type of noise indicators, the children’s mediating factors, and the type of non-auditory health effects. In terms of the procedure, four literature databases were screened and data was extracted on study design, types of noise sources, assessment method, health-based outcomes and confounders, as well as their associations. The quality of the studies was also assessed. The inclusion criteria focused on both indoor and outdoor environments in educational buildings and dwellings, considering that children spend most of their time there. From the 3337 uniquely collected articles, 36 articles were included in this review based on the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. From the included literature, it was seen that noise exposure, assessed by energetic indicators, has significant associations with non-auditory health effects: psychophysiological, cognitive development, mental health and sleep effects. Percentile and event-based indicators provided significant associations to cognitive performance tasks and well-being dimension aspects.
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Mitchell, Andrew, Mercede Erfanian, Christopher Soelistyo, Tin Oberman, Jian Kang, Robert Aldridge, Jing-Hao Xue, and Francesco Aletta. "Effects of Soundscape Complexity on Urban Noise Annoyance Ratings: A Large-Scale Online Listening Experiment." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 22 (November 11, 2022): 14872. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192214872.
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Noise annoyance has been often reported as one of the main adverse effects of noise exposure on human health, and there is consensus that it relates to several factors going beyond the mere energy content of the signal. Research has historically focused on a limited set of sound sources (e.g., transport and industrial noise); only more recently is attention being given to more holistic aspects of urban acoustic environments and the role they play in the noise annoyance perceptual construct. This is the main approach promoted in soundscape studies, looking at both wanted and unwanted sounds. In this study, three specific aspects were investigated, namely: (1) the effect of different sound sources combinations, (2) the number of sound sources present in the soundscape, and (3) the presence of individual sound source, on noise annoyance perception. For this purpose, a large-scale online experiment was carried out with 1.2k+ participants, using 2.8k+ audio recordings of complex urban acoustic environments to investigate how they would influence the perceived noise annoyance. Results showed that: (1) the combinations of different sound sources were not important, compared, instead, to the number of sound sources identified in the soundscape recording (regardless of sound sources type); (2) the annoyance ratings expressed a minimum when any two clearly distinguishable sound sources were present in a given urban soundscape; and (3) the presence (either in isolation or combination) of traffic-related sound sources increases noise annoyance, while the presence (either in isolation or combination) of nature-related sound sources decreases noise annoyance.
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Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, Małgorzata, Kamil Zaborowski, Adam Dudarewicz, Małgorzata Zamojska-Daniszewska, and Małgorzata Waszkowska. "Response to Noise Emitted by Wind Farms in People Living in Nearby Areas." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 8 (July 25, 2018): 1575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15081575.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the perception and annoyance of noise from wind turbines in populated areas of Poland. A questionnaire inquiry was carried out among 517 subjects, aged 18–88, living within 204–1726 m from the nearest wind turbine. For areas where respondents lived, A-weighted sound pressure levels (SPLs) were calculated as the sum of the contributions from the wind power plants in the specific area. It has been shown that the wind turbine noise at the calculated A-weighted SPL of 33–50 dB was perceived as annoying or highly annoying by 46% and 28% of respondents, respectively. Moreover, 34% and 18% of them said that they were annoyed or highly annoyed indoors, respectively. The perception of high annoyance was associated with the A-weighted sound pressure level or the distance from the nearest wind turbine, general attitude to wind farms, noise sensitivity and terrain shape (annoyance outdoors) or road-traffic intensity (annoyance indoors). About 48–66% of variance in noise annoyance rating might be explained by the aforesaid factors. It was estimated that at the distance of 1000 m the wind turbine noise might be perceived as highly annoying outdoors by 43% and 2% of people with negative and positive attitude towards wind turbines, respectively. There was no significant association between noise level (or distance) and various health and well-being aspects. However, all variables measuring health and well-being aspects, including stress symptoms, were positively associated with annoyance related to wind turbine noise.
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Artmann, Martina, and Jürgen Breuste. "Sustainable noise abatement along motorways in Germany - an empirical study in the municipality Frasdorf (Bavaria)." Landscape Online 36 (September 21, 2014): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3097/lo.201436.
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As part of the planned expansion work of the motorway A8 between Rosenheim and Salzburg and the associated legal opportunity to develop new traffic noise protection measures, this study investigated properties of sustainable noise abatement in a community next to the A8. A two-stage empirical survey was conducted integrating a citizen and an expert Delphi survey. The results show that the noise from the motorway heavily affects the quality of life in health, economic and ecological respects. Sustainable noise abatement should take into consideration ecological and social aspects like landscape integration and contribution to local development due to the unique location of the municipality. Enclosed motorway canopies are particularly beneficial to meet these criteria. The costs for sustainable noise abatement measures should be weighted as less important; however, financial costs are crucial for the federal government due to the requirements of the Federal Pollution Control Act. Hence, residents and experts assume that noise barriers as the cheaper noise abatement measures will be implemented. However, the results of the study and the latest developments in the expansion plans suggest that the implementation of enclosed motorway canopies, which go beyond the legal requirements, is feasible through extensive citizen participation and community-specific planning.
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Jadaan, Khair, Duha Alsarayreh, and Mohammed Obaid. "OBSERVING PEOPLE'S REACTIONS AND RESPONSES TO URBAN ROAD TRAFFIC NOISE (RTN) IN JORDAN." Journal of Civil Engineering, Science and Technology 12, no. 2 (September 30, 2021): 203–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/jcest.3984.2021.
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The subjective aspect of assessing Road Traffic Noise (RTN) in urban agglomerations is crucial, as it takes into consideration the sensitivity and specific reactions of residents to Road Traffic noise (RTN) in their living environments. This paper aims to present a detailed sociological study initiated to measure the level of public awareness regarding RTN and estimate the impact of RTN disturbance on RTN disturbance their daily activities. For this purpose, an attitudinal survey was conducted using a predesigned questionnaire with limited noise measurements. The questioners were distributed to the neighboring residents of one of the most congested arterial roads in Amman, Jordan’s capital. The questioner firstly focused on evaluating the awareness of respondents of the problem magnitude and its environmental and health impacts, and secondly, assessing the effects of RTN as perceived by the respondents on different daily activities. The analysis of the collected data found that around 50% of respondents believe that RTN impacts the environment, and 60% believe that RTN affects human health, while 38% consider changing their place of residence and moving to a quieter place. The main results of the study showed that RTN causes annoyance to people while performing their daily activities, especially while studying and resting. Further main reported impacts included causing fatigue (64%), anxiety (75%), nervousness (87%), focus reduction (89%), and discomfort (90%).
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Generaal, Ellen, Erik J. Timmermans, Jasper E. C. Dekkers, Johannes H. Smit, and Brenda W. J. H. Penninx. "Not urbanization level but socioeconomic, physical and social neighbourhood characteristics are associated with presence and severity of depressive and anxiety disorders." Psychological Medicine 49, no. 1 (March 15, 2018): 149–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291718000612.
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AbstractBackgroundWhich neighbourhood factors most consistently impact on depression and anxiety remains unclear. This study examines whether objectively obtained socioeconomic, physical and social aspects of the neighbourhood in which persons live are associated with the presence and severity of depressive and anxiety disorders.MethodsCross-sectional data are from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety including participants (n = 2980) with and without depressive and anxiety disorders in the past year (based on DSM-based psychiatric interviews). We also determined symptom severity of depression (Inventory of Depression Symptomatology), anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory) and fear (Fear Questionnaire). Neighbourhood characteristics comprised socioeconomic factors (socioeconomic status, home value, number of social security beneficiaries and percentage of immigrants), physical factors (air pollution, traffic noise and availability of green space and water) and social factors (social cohesion and safety). Multilevel regression analyses were performed with the municipality as the second level while adjusting for individual sociodemographic variables and household income.ResultsNot urbanization grade, but rather neighbourhood socioecononomic factors (low socioeconomic status, more social security beneficiaries and more immigrants), physical factors (high levels of traffic noise) and social factors (lower social cohesion and less safety) were associated with the presence of depressive and anxiety disorders. Most of these neighbourhood characteristics were also associated with increased depressive and anxiety symptoms severity.ConclusionThese findings suggest that it is not population density in the neighbourhood, but rather the quality of socioeconomic, physical and social neighbourhood characteristics that is associated with the presence and severity of affective disorders.
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Zhidkova, Elena A., Ekaterina M. Gutor, Mikhail F. Vilk, Vera B. Pankova, Gennadij G. Onishchenko, and Konstantin G. Gurevich. "Influence of production and behavioral risk factors on health disorders in employees of locomotive crews." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology 60, no. 10 (November 3, 2020): 694–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2020-60-10-694-700.
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Preserving the working longevity of locomotive crew employees is one of the priority tasks of Russian Railways. The urgency of the problem is related to both the medical aspects of railway traffic safety and the importance of preserving human capital. The aim of study is to research the influence of occupational and behavioral risk factors on health disorders in drivers and their assistants. The study included the results of a survey of 9308 employees of locomotive crews on the presence of production and behavioral risk factors for health disorders, as well as on the presence of cases of temporary disability, hospitalization or unscheduled medical care in the previous year. Additionally, the results of clinical and laboratory studies were studied. Noise exposure is the main production factor affecting the unscheduled attendance of locomotive crew employees to the doctor, the number of cases of temporary disability and hospitalization. Only 13% of respondents have a high level of commitment to a healthy lifestyle. Among employees who are not exposed to industrial noise, the number of people who have a high commitment to a healthy lifestyle is 2 times higher than among those who complain about the presence of an acoustic factor. The main differences in adherence to a healthy lifestyle between people who have and do not have complaints about the negative impact of the sound factor are related to alcohol abuse (1.4 times more often used by people working in conditions of noise exposure), frequent use of semi-finished products and fatty foods (1.2 times more often). Among people exposed to industrial noise, a body mass index (BMI) exceeding 25 kg/m2 is 1.5 times more common than in people who do not have noise exposure. The frequency of occurrence of blood pressure is more than 130/80 mm Hg. and blood cholesterol more than 5 mmol/l, respectively, is 1.9 and 2.2 times higher in individuals with intra-cab acoustic load, compared with those without. An increase in the number of cases of temporary disability, hospitalization, and unscheduled visits to a doctor in people who report exposure to noise in the driver's cab may be associated with both occupational and behavioral factors: alcohol consumption, poor nutrition, and a high proportion of people with a BMI exceeding 25 kg/m2.
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Yildirim, Yalcin, and Diane Jones Allen. "Station facilities and noise assessment: A multilevel analysis on light rail train stations." Noise Control Engineering Journal 69, no. 4 (July 1, 2021): 364–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/1/376933.
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Noise is one of the most frequent consequences of traffic. Public transportation systems, such as the Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART) authority provides various modes of transportation. Even though the availability of commuting service for the public is a boon to communities, mass transit systems are potential sources of excessive sound levels in daily urban life. This article examines the nexus between the transit station facilities of light rail train (LRT) stations and noise implications at both station and neighborhood scales by studying selected LRT stations. A multilevel linear analysis was conducted to understand the degree of train station amenities and neighborhood characteristics that affect sound levels. Using a type II sound pressure level (SPL)meter, sound measurements were obtained during the weekdays and weekends over several weeks. Upon examining the station amenities, and built environment and sociodemographic characteristics of the neighborhood, findings of this comprehensive research reveal significant implications for sound levels. Stations with ticket vending machines and informative message boards include a higher degree of significance on SPLs, while shelters, crew rooms, bike lockers, restrooms, and windshields are significantly and negatively associated with the noise levels. Additionally, neighborhoods with dense roads, higher speed limits, more neighborhood facilities, and a higher number of transit routes have an increased likelihood of noise levels. Recommendations include creating transformative policies for implementation, and approaches addressing noise for transit authorities, transportation engineers, and planners are presented. Planning and engineering aspects of comfort, aesthetics, safety, and public health, as train stations are daily use spaces for commuters and surrounding communities, should also be considered.
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Mohialdin, Soad Najmaldin. "Review on the Positive and Negative Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Environment and Society." European Journal of Natural Sciences and Medicine 4, no. 2 (September 29, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/573vge34v.
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This review search aims to show the positive and negative impact of COVID-19 on the all aspects of life such as environment, education, economy, politics, social life, and social media, and most importantly global human health and health services. particularly in the most affected countries such as China, USA, Canada, Italy, Spain, Germany, UK, Brazil, Mexico, India, and Iraq. In terms of the environment our search shows that there is a positive impact associated between measures and improvement in air quality, reduction of fossil fuel traffic pollutes, reduction in greenhouse gases (GHG) generation, clean beaches, and environmental noise reduction due to air traffic suspension. The negative impact was associated with aspects such as the reduction in recycling and the increase in waste, which was endangering the contamination of natural resources (water and land), in addition to air. Other negative impacts on reduction global economic activity. In terms of education, COVID-19 had a big effect in changing the education system from classroom to electronic learning. The COVID-19 pandemic has had far-reaching economic consequences beyond the spread of the disease itself and efforts to quarantine it. As this virus has spread around the globe, concerns have shifted from supply-side manufacturing issues to decreased business in the services sector. The pandemic caused the largest global recession in history, with more than a third of the global population at the time being placed on lockdown. ((Anon., April-2020) Health-wise it was the reason for the reduction of the world population due to the high mortality and death rate. This is expected to be carried on for unpredicted months perhaps a year until the right vaccine is in reach of every person in the world.
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Shroff, Farah M., and David Jung. "Here's to sound action on global hearing health through public health approaches." International Journal of Health Governance 25, no. 3 (July 31, 2020): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhg-01-2020-0004.
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PurposeA global pandemic, non-occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a completely preventable public health problem, which receives limited air time. This study has dual purposes: to contribute to scholarly literature that puts non-occupational NIHL on the global priority map and to effect change in the City of Vancouver's policies toward noise.Design/methodology/approachExperts in public health and hearing health were contacted in addition to a scoping literature search on PubMed. Information pertaining to both developed and developing countries was obtained, and comparison was made to Canada where possible. The authors met with elected officials at the City of Vancouver to inform them of the win–win aspects of policies that promoted better hearing.FindingsNon-occupational NIHL is an underappreciated issue in Canada and many other countries, as seen by the lack of epidemiological data and public health initiatives. Other countries, such as Australia, have more robust research and public health programs, but most of the world lags behind. Better hearing health is possible through targeted campaigns addressing root causes of non-occupational, recreational noise – positive associations with loud noise. By redefining social norms so that soft to moderate sounds are associated with positive values and loud sounds are negatively attributed, the societies will prevent leisure NIHL. The authors recommend widespread national all-age campaigns that benefit from successful public health campaigns of the past, such as smoking cessation, safety belts and others. Soft Sounds are Healthy (SSH) is a suggested name for a campaign that would take many years, ample resources and sophisticated understanding of behavior change to be effective.Research limitations/implicationsA gap exists in the collection of non-occupational NIHL data. Creating indicators and regularly collecting data is a high priority for most nations. Beyond data collection, prevention of non-occupational NIHL ought to be a high priority. Studies in each region would propel understanding, partly to discern the cultural factors that would predispose the general population to change favorable attitudes toward loud sounds to associations of moderate sounds with positivity. Evaluations of these campaigns would then follow.Practical implicationsEveryday life for many people around the world, particularly in cities, is loud. Traffic, construction, loudspeakers, music and other loud sounds abound. Many people have adapted to these loud soundscapes, and others suffer from the lack of peace and quiet. Changing cultural attitudes toward loud sound will improve human and animal health, lessen the burden on healthcare systems and positively impact the economy.Social implicationsIndustries that create loud technologies and machinery ought to be required to find ways to soften noise. Regulatory mechanisms that are enforced by law and fines ought to be in place. When governments take up the banner of hearing health, they will help to set a new tone toward loud sounds as undesirable, and this will partially address the root causes of the problem of non-occupational NIHL.Originality/valueVery little public health literature addresses NIHL. It is a relatively ignored health problem. This project aims to spurn public health campaigns, offering our own infographic with a possible title of Soft Sounds are Healthy (SSH) or Soft Sounds are Sexy (SSS). The study also aimed to influence city officials in the authors’ home, Vancouver, and they were able to do this.
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Macioszek, Elżbieta, and Anna Granà. "The Analysis of the Factors Influencing the Severity of Bicyclist Injury in Bicyclist-Vehicle Crashes." Sustainability 14, no. 1 (December 26, 2021): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14010215.
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Transportation and technological development have for centuries strongly influenced the shaping of urbanized areas. On one hand, it undoubtedly brings many benefits to their residents. However, also has a negative impact on urban areas and their surroundings. Many transportation and technological solutions lead, for example, to increased levels of pollution, noise, excessive energy use, as well as to traffic accidents in cities. So, it is important to safe urban development and sustainability in all city aspects as well as in the area of road transport safety. Due to the long-term policy of sustainable transport development, cycling is promoted, which contributes to the increase in the number of this group of users of the transport network in road traffic for short-distance transport. On the one hand, cycling has a positive effect on bicyclists’ health and environmental conditions, however, a big problem is an increase in the number of serious injuries and fatalities among bicyclists involved in road incidents with motor vehicles. This study aims to identify factors that influence the occurrence and severity of bicyclist injury in bicyclist-vehicle crashes. It has been observed that the factors increasing the risk of serious injuries and deaths of bicyclists are: vehicle driver gender and age, driving under the influence of alcohol, exceeding the speed limit by the vehicle driver, bicyclist age, cycling under the influence of alcohol, speed of the bicyclist before the incident, vehicle type (truck), incident place (road), time of the day, incident type. The obtained results can be used for activities aimed at improving the bicyclists’ safety level in road traffic in the area of analysis.
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de Bortoli, Anne, Adélaïde Féraille, and Fabien Leurent. "Towards Road Sustainability—Part I: Principles and Holistic Assessment Method for Pavement Maintenance Policies." Sustainability 14, no. 3 (January 28, 2022): 1513. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14031513.
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Assessing the holistic sustainability of public policies remains a challenge rarely taken up due to a lack of adequate assessing methods. Frequently, only environmental and/or financial aspects are addressed, rather than the three pillars, including macro- and micro-economic as well as social performance. This paper presents an assessment method to fully compare the performance of pavement resurfacing policies for all its stakeholders and considering pavement–vehicle interactions. First, an analytical and then systemic approach to road maintenance highlights all its stakeholders, and a complete set of sustainability indicators is proposed to quantify the various impacts of maintenance programs: tax revenues, road operator’s and users’ savings, domestic production and employment, net present value, users’ time savings and noise reduction health benefits, as well as protection of natural resources, biodiversity and human health. Second, specific physical models of road condition (International Roughness Index) and its role in pavement–vehicle interaction in terms of vehicle consumption and wear as well as traffic noise are introduced. Then, equations to calculate these indicators are presented based on a comparison of existing assessment methods. The final transdisciplinary method pulls from road engineering, industrial ecology, acoustics and economics. It especially combines environmental and economic life cycle assessments and economic input–output analysis, as well as financial and socioeconomic appraisals. Finally, this article takes up the interdisciplinary challenge of building a fully holistic assessment method to help decision makers properly address sustainability, and its general algorithm can be adapted to assess a variety of transportation policies.
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Serkiz, Anastasiya. "GEOECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF AUTOMOTIVE POLLUTION AND GREENHOUSE GAS PRODUCTION IN THE CITY OF TERNOPOL." SCIENTIFIC ISSUES OF TERNOPIL VOLODYMYR HNATIUK NATIONAL PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY. SERIES: GEOGRAPHY 52, no. 1 (May 30, 2022): 176–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2519-4577.22.1.22.
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In most cities in the world, air and noise pollution from motor vehicles are, or are fast becoming, major problems for the physical and mental health of the people. At least 90% of the carbon monoxide in urban environments comes from mobile sources. The health risks of air pollution are extremely serious. Poor air quality increases respiratory ailments like asthma and bronchitis, heightens the risk of life-threatening conditions like cancer, and burdens our health care system with substantial medical costs. The publication is an integral part of the collective theme "Conceptual and applied principles of geo-ecological assessment of environmental impact, environmental management and environmental safety of geosystems of the Podolsk region." This paper considers the issue of unsystematic control of emissions of harmful substances into the air, both throughout the country and locally. The main works of scientists devoted to air pollution in the region are highlighted. The volume and structure of emissions of harmful gases by motor transport during 2000 are considered. - 2015 in the city of Ternopil. Statistical data are taken from the archives of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine in Ternopil region. The schedule of changes in the amount of pollutant emissions is given. An analysis of possible causes of changes in greenhouse gas emissions has been made. The data presented in the National Transport Strategy of Ukraine until 2030 are analyzed. The amount of harmful gas emissions in the future is calculated by extrapolation. The analysis of indicators of long-term monitoring of pollutants in atmospheric air is carried out. Based on the strategy and regional reports for 2017, 2018 and 2019, on the state of the environment in Ternopil region, predicted possible ways of development. Specific recommendations have been made to help reduce the level of air pollution by gases, as well as the level of noise and dust pollution. The project of construction of a new bypass road, which will connect such settlements as: Shlyakhtyntsi and Smykivtsi. The 2nd international routes M19 (Domanove, Kovel, Chernivtsi, Terebleche) and M30 (Stryi, Izvarine) will also be merged; installation of multi-storey car parks on the main entrances to Ternopil (P39, M19, P43, E50, H02, P41); introduction of high-speed routes for public transport; replacement of existing passenger cars with improved electric vehicles; Roadways and traffic controls that reduce congestion and idling; analysis of green areas in the city and the introduction of new ones, the functions of which are extremely necessary. Drive less (ride a bike, walk, carpool, or use public transportation instead). Since most pollution from cars and trucks is due to the burning of fuel, you can reduce pollution from these sources by burning less fuel, burning fuel cleaner and burning cleaner fuel. Clean vehicle and fuel technologies provide us with an affordable, available means of reducing transportation-related air pollution and climate change emissions. The implementation of these measures will increase the level of environmental safety in the city.
Key words: air pollution, emissions, vehicles, global warming, Ternopil.
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Beccali, Marco, and Marina Bonomolo. "Special Issue “Smart Urban Lighting Systems”." Applied Sciences 10, no. 10 (May 24, 2020): 3627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10103627.
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The design and operation of multifunctional infrastructures for public lighting as well as their impact on the urban environment and citizens’ life is today of great interest. The cost of energy for public lighting is often an issue for the budget of municipalities. Furthermore, researchers’ and designers’ attention is increasingly focused on aspects of public lighting not directly valuable through economic factors. Starting from the “quality” of the light environment, looking at citizens’ visual comfort, the light has to be considered as an instrument to improve the urban context and objects therein (including buildings). Indeed, urban degradation (lack of infrastructures, maintenance, services, etc.) is linked to the poor quality of everyday issues, such as traffic, pollution, noise, lack of information, long times to access focal points, and the lack of safety. Simultaneously, in many areas, the potential related to the valorization of historical heritage is often underexploited. The installation of efficient lighting systems coupled with the implementation of ICT solutions can provide economic, social, and health benefits, energy efficiency, and visual comfort. On the other hand, as for indoor lighting, these systems can be expensive, not easy to maintain, and not as efficient as expected. The aim of this Special Issue was to investigate the problems and advantages of smart urban lighting systems in more detail. This Special Issue included 6 papers of the 10 submitted papers.
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Generaal, Ellen, Emiel O. Hoogendijk, Mariska Stam, Celina E. Henke, Femke Rutters, Mirjam Oosterman, Martijn Huisman, et al. "Neighbourhood characteristics and prevalence and severity of depression: pooled analysis of eight Dutch cohort studies." British Journal of Psychiatry 215, no. 2 (May 6, 2019): 468–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2019.100.
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BackgroundStudies on neighbourhood characteristics and depression show equivocal results.AimsThis large-scale pooled analysis examines whether urbanisation, socioeconomic, physical and social neighbourhood characteristics are associated with the prevalence and severity of depression.MethodCross-sectional design including data are from eight Dutch cohort studies (n= 32 487). Prevalence of depression, either DSM-IV diagnosis of depressive disorder or scoring for moderately severe depression on symptom scales, and continuous depression severity scores were analysed. Neighbourhood characteristics were linked using postal codes and included (a) urbanisation grade, (b) socioeconomic characteristics: socioeconomic status, home value, social security beneficiaries and non-Dutch ancestry, (c) physical characteristics: air pollution, traffic noise and availability of green space and water, and (d) social characteristics: social cohesion and safety. Multilevel regression analyses were adjusted for the individual's age, gender, educational level and income. Cohort-specific estimates were pooled using random-effects analysis.ResultsThe pooled analysis showed that higher urbanisation grade (odds ratio (OR) = 1.05, 95% CI 1.01–1.10), lower socioeconomic status (OR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.87–0.95), higher number of social security beneficiaries (OR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.06–1.19), higher percentage of non-Dutch residents (OR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.02–1.14), higher levels of air pollution (OR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.01–1.12), less green space (OR = 0.94, 95% CI 0.88–0.99) and less social safety (OR = 0.92, 95% CI 0.88–0.97) were associated with higher prevalence of depression. All four socioeconomic neighbourhood characteristics and social safety were also consistently associated with continuous depression severity scores.ConclusionsThis large-scale pooled analysis across eight Dutch cohort studies shows that urbanisation and various socioeconomic, physical and social neighbourhood characteristics are associated with depression, indicating that a wide range of environmental aspects may relate to poor mental health.Declaration of interestNone.
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Shvetsov, Alexey. "ASPECTS OF TRAFFIC NOISE REDUCTION." VOLUME 39, VOLUME 39 (2021): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.36336/akustika20213925.
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The level of noise in modern cities is growing every year, the main source of it is motor transport, the number of which is constantly increasing. This study examines the main sources of noise from a running car, as well as methods for reducing it. The results of the study can be applied in the design of gas exchange and cooling systems of cars, in addition, they can be used in urban planning to reduce traffic noise in the cities.
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Chhaglani, Bhawana, Camellia Zakaria, Adam Lechowicz, Jeremy Gummeson, and Prashant Shenoy. "FlowSense." Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 6, no. 1 (March 29, 2022): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3517258.
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Proper indoor ventilation through buildings' heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems has become an increasing public health concern that significantly impacts individuals' health and safety at home, work, and school. While much work has progressed in providing energy-efficient and user comfort for HVAC systems through IoT devices and mobile-sensing approaches, ventilation is an aspect that has received lesser attention despite its importance. With a motivation to monitor airflow from building ventilation systems through commodity sensing devices, we present FlowSense, a machine learning-based algorithm to predict airflow rate from sensed audio data in indoor spaces. Our ML technique can predict the state of an air vent---whether it is on or off---as well as the rate of air flowing through active vents. By exploiting a low-pass filter to obtain low-frequency audio signals, we put together a privacy-preserving pipeline that leverages a silence detection algorithm to only sense sounds of from HVAC air vents when no human speech is detected. We also propose the Minimum Persistent Sensing (MPS) as a post-processing algorithm to reduce interference from ambient noise, including ongoing human conversation, office machines, and traffic noises. Together, these techniques ensure user privacy and improve the robustness of FlowSense. We validate our approach yielding over 90% accuracy in predicting vent status and 0.96 MSE in predicting airflow rate when the device is placed within 2.25 meters away from an air vent. Our approach can be generalized to environments with similar vent dimensions and geometry outlets. Additionally, we demonstrate how our approach as a mobile audio-sensing platform is robust to smartphone models, distance, and orientation. Finally, we evaluate FlowSense privacy-preserving pipeline through a user study and a Google Speech Recognition service, confirming that the audio signals we used as input data are inaudible and inconstructible.
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Jiménez-Espada, Montaña, Francisco Manuel Martínez García, and Rafael González-Escobar. "Citizen Perception and Ex Ante Acceptance of a Low-Emission Zone Implementation in a Medium-Sized Spanish City." Buildings 13, no. 1 (January 16, 2023): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010249.
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The public decision-making process at the municipal level becomes extremely complicated for government managers when unpopular measures must be adopted. In this sense, citizen participation processes become a tool of undoubted added value that allows municipalities to adapt their policies to the needs and feelings of their inhabitants. The aim of this research was to focus on addressing the point of view of the citizens of a medium-sized Spanish city in the face of the imminent implementation of a low-emission zone, in order to identify which aspects were of concern to citizens. The methodology used in the research was based on a declared preferences survey that allowed us to determine the daily behaviour of the user in terms of urban mobility and to anticipate the citizen’s reaction to the implementation of socially unacceptable initiatives, such as restrictions on access, circulation, and the parking of vehicles. The results obtained in relation to the consultation on alternative measures to tackle pollution, noise and traffic jams showed that citizens are receptive to improvements in universal accessibility, subsidies for public transport, increased road safety for PMV’s infrastructure, subsidies for the purchase of environmentally friendly vehicles and PMV, and the promotion of pedestrianisation. However, there are undoubted threats to the implementation of the LEZ, such as the lack of acceptance of the measure. Therefore, it is considered imperative for public administrations to work on the search for sustainable actions that contribute to improving the degree of compliance with the measure, while at the same time making an effort to disseminate the advantages of the LEZ for the quality of life and health of citizens (through information campaigns). There is a knowledge gap in scientific research on the ex ante assessment of the effects of possible transport measures to improve air quality in city centres and consultation through citizen participation. It is estimated that the resolution of this research gap could contribute to a more feasible, reasonable, and effective implementation of various urban mobility policies in medium-sized Spanish cities.
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Demian, Gabriela, Luminița Grecu, and Mihai Demian. "Assessment of Traffic Noise Pollution due to Road Traffic." Advances in Science and Technology 110 (September 27, 2021): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.110.87.
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The paper presents aspects related to noise pollution due to road traffic in Drobeta Turnu Severin. The main noise sources in Drobeta Turnu Severin are: road transport, railway and industrial activities. Based on the noise level measurement performed to assess the traffic noise over a period of 7 years, namely between 2013 and 2019, on an important road traffic artery in the mentioned city, predictions for its level over the next three years are made, correlating it with the number of cars that are supposed to cross the artery. For this study a road where the equivalent noise level exceeded the limit almost every year, was chosen. For obtaining the correlation between our data we have used the regression method. The noise level depends on the time of day in which the measurements were made but also on the season. Another correlation, between the equivalent noise level, and the number and type of cars was made, for a winter day in 2020, on another important artery, in order to see how much influence these factors have, on the noise level.
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Singh, Daljeet, Priyal Kaler, Ishita Lyall, Aekamjot Singh, and H. S. Pannu. "Traffic noise prediction using machine learning and monte carlo data augmentation: a case study on the Patiala city in India." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2162, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2162/1/012021.
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Abstract Traffic noise pollution is a serious problem in the modern urban areas especially to design new architecture of smart cities, highways, hospitals, schools for an efficient and healthy environment. To analyse this aspect, we have proposed a machine learning based prediction of sound pressure level on an original dataset collected in Patiala city in India. Vehicular traffic and sound pressure level data was collected on different sites in the city. A total of 502 data samples on the identified sites were obtained for the study. Further this data is augmented using Monte Carlo simulation to 10 times of its initial size and the Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) have been trained and compared with other Machine learning methods for the vehicular traffic noise prediction. The input parameters in the model are traffic volume Q, percentage of heavy vehicles P and the average speed of vehicles V and the output parameter is the equivalent continuous sound pressure level, Leq dB(A). The experimental results show ANN which is trained on the augmented data using Monte Carlo simulations outperforms other advanced methods making it an effective measure for vehicular traffic noise prediction to develop a healthy environment which is free of noise pollution.
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Leon Bluhm, G., N. Berglind, E. Nordling, and M. Rosenlund. "Road traffic noise and hypertension." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 64, no. 2 (October 16, 2006): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.2005.025866.
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Gómez-Jacinto, Luis, and Félix Moral-Toranzo. "Urban Traffic Noise and Self-Reported Health." Psychological Reports 84, no. 3_suppl (June 1999): 1105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1999.84.3c.1105.
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This paper analyzed urban traffic noise effects on health at two different levels: intense noise and moderate noise. 42 residents of the area responded to questions on perceived noise and psychological and behavior disturbance before and after acoustic insulation was constructed. Analysis of self-reports indicated that perceived noise was associated with lower health. Also these perceived effects on health did not decrease after the acoustic isolation work was finished.
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De Silva, K. S. P., and Philip Douglas. "Comparative Study – Health Research on Traffic Noise Pollution Vs. Technical Research on Traffic Noise Mitigation." IABSE Symposium Report 88, no. 7 (January 1, 2004): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/222137804796290918.
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Sygna, Karin, Gunn Marit Aasvang, Geir Aamodt, Bente Oftedal, and Norun Hjertager Krog. "Road traffic noise, sleep and mental health." Environmental Research 131 (May 2014): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2014.02.010.
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GOMEZ-JACINTO, LUIS. "URBAN TRAFFIC NOISE AND SELF-REPORTED HEALTH." Psychological Reports 84, no. 3 (1999): 1105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.84.3.1105-1108.
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Hegewald, Janice, Melanie Schubert, Alice Freiberg, Karla Romero Starke, Franziska Augustin, Steffi G. Riedel-Heller, Hajo Zeeb, and Andreas Seidler. "Traffic Noise and Mental Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17 (August 25, 2020): 6175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176175.
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Recent evidence suggests that traffic noise may negatively impact mental health. However, existing systematic reviews provide an incomplete overview of the effects of all traffic noise sources on mental health. We conducted a systematic literature search and summarized the evidence for road, railway, or aircraft noise-related risks of depression, anxiety, cognitive decline, and dementia among adults. We included 31 studies (26 on depression and/or anxiety disorders, 5 on dementia). The meta-analysis of five aircraft noise studies found that depression risk increased significantly by 12% per 10 dB LDEN (Effect Size = 1.12, 95% CI 1.02–1.23). The meta-analyses of road (11 studies) and railway traffic noise (3 studies) indicated 2–3% (not statistically significant) increases in depression risk per 10 dB LDEN. Results for road traffic noise related anxiety were similar. We did not find enough studies to meta-analyze anxiety and railway or aircraft noise, and dementia/ cognitive impairment and any traffic noise. In conclusion, aircraft noise exposure increases the risk for depression. Otherwise, we did not detect statistically significant risk increases due to road and railway traffic noise or for anxiety. More research on the association of cognitive disorders and traffic noise is required. Public policies to reduce environmental traffic noise might not only increase wellness (by reducing noise-induced annoyance), but might contribute to the prevention of depression and anxiety disorders.
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Nazar, Nataliia. "The ecosystem approach in health social work." Mental Health: Global Challenges Journal 4, no. 2 (October 13, 2020): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32437/mhgcj.v4i2.90.
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Introduction
Health is the greatest value in our lives. Analyzing the current approaches of the WHO (2014), we consider this concept not only from the standpoint of physical health and the absence of disease, but understand this phenomenon as a holistic state of complete well-being, which includes, in addition to physical, emotional, mental, social, spiritual, sexual, environmental and many other aspects. This is the so-called holistic model of health (Orzhekhovska, 2013).
Our reasoning suggests (given various aspects of health) that this value does not depend only on an individual's choice to be or not to be healthy, and cannot be governed solely by personal actions. Here are some examples. The lack of geographically close medical services and / or free medical services causes the inability to receive emergency medical care and / or to systematically monitor health. Negative relationships in the family, the absence of a father or mother in the family can lead to emotional rejection of the child (psycho-emotional disorders), the acquisition of undesirable behavior (child addictive behavior or delinquent behavior), lack of self-care skills (this can cause various infectious diseases), getting into institutional care, which usually do not contribute to the full development of personality, etc. Inadequate social policies and an imperfect health care system in the country can cause outbreaks of socially dangerous diseases and provoke the spread of pandemics. Aggressive urbanization creates uncomfortable living conditions in cities due to traffic jams, pollution, noise, which causes other health risks from stress to cancer. As we can see, good health depends not only on the individual being healthy in the broad context of this word, but on the complex impact on us of a number of systems in which we are included. It is important to emphasize the role of social work in this context, the theory and practice of which aim, inter alia, to promote social development and well-being, as well as to improve the health care system and reduce social inequalities. Therefore, the task of social work in general and social workers together with other professionals in particular is to support the individual, family, community, society in the context of strengthening and maintaining the health of both individual and public. An ecosystem approach in social work helps us to understand the process of maintaining and strengthening health, which explains well the mutual influence of each element of the system.
Purpose
The aim of the article was to consider health social work according to ecosystem approach.
Methodology
The study used theoretical methods of research, in particular, analysis, comparison, synthesis and implementation of the results of the study of health social work based on the principles of integral ecology and ecosystem approach.
Results and Discussion
The ecosystem approach is used in various spheres of practical and scientific activity: public health, ecology, economy, legal and social spheres, church-religious sphere and even education (Forget, Lebel, 2001; Deinega, 2018; Veklych, 2017; Voronkin, 2017).
Kabanenko and T. Semigina (2004) write about the separation of the ecological approach in social work on the basis of systems theory (sociological group of social work theories). Within this approach, the authors consider the main models of work and tools that can be used by social workers in their practice: eco-maps, genograms, etc. Systems theory and environmental theory are mentioned in the manual "Introduction to Practical Social Work". In systems theory, "a whole is greater than the sum of its parts", so it is important to consider "the interaction of the client and the environment." Ecological theory considers a person in the context of his or her entourage, but not only the family, society, but also the environment (Klos, Mykytenko, 2005, 52-54). In contrast to the mentioned researchers, T. Syla (2012) explores the problem of violence in the context of the ecosystem approach, she notes that this approach originates from the socio-ecological theory of Bronfenbrenner in psychology. So, no matter what theories the ecosystem approach is based on, the idea behind this concept is a wide range of interconnections. Every smaller object, such as a person, is part of a large range of interactions of larger systems: family, community, society, environment, and so on. Each element of the system affects the other, so solving a problem situation in one area can be an impetus for positive change in another.
Chaikovska and O. Hlavatska talk about the need to train social workers with a "high level of environmental culture" (2019). In scientific works on social work we find the concepts "ecosystem approach" and "ecological approach", which are virtually identical in content. This perspective has formed over time one of the modern concepts of social work: "environmental social work", or "eco-social work", or "green social work". The latter in her current research is much covered by T. Semigina (2018). The researcher notes that "a healthy environment is seen as an inalienable human right, a component of human dignity and non-discrimination." However, today there is no research on health social work from the standpoint of an ecosystem approach.
The ecosystem approach resonates with another very important concept. It is an integrated ecology. This concept appeared in the church-religious sphere, and was covered in the Encyclical (papal document) "Laudato si" by the head of the Catholic Church Pope Francis (2015/2019). According to the vision of Francis, there can be no question of ensuring the common good, guaranteeing fundamental rights, social justice, if humanity understands nature as something separate and does not link environmental pollution with economic activity, behavior, etc.
Conclusion
Therefore, it is obvious that today, in the conditions of social transformations and globalization processes, the solution of any social problem should be considered from the standpoint of the ecosystem approach. Health issues in social work cannot be considered without taking into account changes in the environment. For such activities, it is necessary to train social workers in the context of the ecosystem approach, programs and projects should be developed to help overcome the problems of clients' health in a comprehensive way. Further research is needed to study existing and develop new forms and models of social work on the basis of strengthening and maintaining the health of clients, taking into account the ecosystem approach and the basics of integral ecology
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de Kluizenaar, Yvonne, Ronald T. Gansevoort, Henk M. E. Miedema, and Paul E. de Jong. "Hypertension and Road Traffic Noise Exposure." Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 49, no. 5 (May 2007): 484–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jom.0b013e318058a9ff.
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Meijer, Hans, Paul Knipschild, and Herman Sall�. "Road traffic noise annoyance in Amsterdam." International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 56, no. 4 (October 1985): 285–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00405270.
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Rasmussen, Birgit, and Ola Ekholm. "Neighbour noise in multi-storey housing - Annoyance and potential health effects." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 4 (August 1, 2021): 2783–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-2228.
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Neighbour and traffic noise annoyance questions have been included in the Danish Health and Morbidity Surveys since year 2000. Noise annoyance was assessed by asking the respondents about noise annoyance from neighbours and traffic, respectively, in their home during the past two weeks. For people in multi-storey housing, neighbour noise annoyance was significantly higher than annoyance from traffic. The latest survey was performed in 2017; 3893 respondents living in multi-storey houses completed the self-administered questionnaire, 36% reported being very/slightly bothered by neighbour noise and 22% by traffic noise. Additional studies were carried out aiming at analyzing associations between neighbour noise annoyance and physical/mental health symptoms such as pain in various body parts, headache, fatigue, depression and anxiety and furthermore with getting enough sleep to feel rested. Noise annoyance from neighbours was strongly associated with all these health/sleep outcomes. Similar associations were observed for traffic noise. Although causality cannot be established in this cross-sectional study, it is concluded that neighbour noise annoyance is strongly associated with various physical/mental health symptoms and with not getting enough sleep to feel rested. The results highlight that health effects of neighbour noise might be as serious as for traffic noise and should have more attention.
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Van, Kempen E., I. Van Kamp, R. Stellato, and P. Fischer. "EFFECTS OF AIRCRAFT NOISE AND ROAD TRAFFIC NOISE ON CHILDRENʼS HEALTH." Epidemiology 14, Supplement (September 2003): S62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001648-200309001-00138.
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Offenhuber, Dietmar, Sam Auinger, Susanne Seitinger, and Remco Muijs. "Los Angeles noise array—Planning and design lessons from a noise sensing network." Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science 47, no. 4 (August 8, 2018): 609–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2399808318792901.
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The interaction between environmental noise and the built environment is an often-neglected area in the practice of urban planning and design. Most quantitative research is limited to single value loudness metrics and ignores the more complex spatial nuances of the noisescape. Qualitative soundscape research, on the other hand, is difficult to generalize to the urban scale. We report on an exploratory noise sensing project in Los Angeles, CA that investigates both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the noisescape. Using an experimental array of noise sensors mounted on city street lights, we collected preliminary data that demonstrate the promising and revealing nature of spatially and temporally granular urban sound data. By analyzing sounds in various frequency bands at different resolutions, we investigate how aspects of urban design such as landscaping, material choice, and building typologies impact the sonic environment. Our results reveal the spatio-temporal structure of low-frequency noise in traffic-exposed areas; a phenomenon not captured by traditional A-weighted decibel metrics. Based on these results, we present a model predicting noise based on historic traffic data. These results provide insights for future methods that can be applied to long-term policymaking and planning decisions.
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Singh, Devi, Neeraj Kumari, and Pooja Sharma. "A Review of Adverse Effects of Road Traffic Noise on Human Health." Fluctuation and Noise Letters 17, no. 01 (January 23, 2018): 1830001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021947751830001x.
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Noise pollution due to road traffic is a potential threat to human health. Since it is a global hazard, the rapid urbanization and exponential traffic growth have aggravated the problem. Population residing along the busy traffic lanes is continuously exposed to the sound levels which are above the permissible limits. This constant exposure to noise pollution is a cause of concern as it leads to several adverse impacts on human health. Traffic noise causes irritation and annoyance, sleep disturbances, cardiovascular disease, risk of stroke, diabetes, hypertension and loss of hearing. It results in decreased work performance. The present review highlights the serious health hazards of road traffic noise (RTN) which needs to be curbed. Preventive measures of noise pollution can help in combating noise-induced health hazards and increased work performance.
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Chen, Xiaojia, and Wei Xu. "Exploring the Effects of Traffic Noise on Innovation through Health Mechanism: A Quasi-Experimental Study in China." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (October 10, 2022): 12943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912943.
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Noise pollution poses a significant hazard to humans by disrupting the maintenance of the quiet environment that is thought to promote innovation. In this study, the causal relationship between traffic noise and innovation was explored using four models. First, the panel data model with fixed effects was applied to determine the impact of traffic noise on innovation. Second, the interaction model was used to estimate the health regulatory effect. Third, the regression discontinuity model was used to identify the natural experience of the impact of traffic noise on innovation and further determine the causal effect of the noise threshold. Finally, the difference-in-differences model was used to identify the micro impact of traffic noise on innovation. The results show that from macro and micro perspectives, traffic noise suppresses innovation, and that health has a differential impact on the traffic noise–innovation relationship. In addition, we identified the critical point at which the impact of traffic noise on innovation is favorable owing to the white noise effect, providing a quantitative basis for policy implementation. Our results show that current environmental noise regulations must be re-examined to determine new measures for improving the innovative acoustic environment, promoting innovation, and achieving sustainable economic development.
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Hakzah, A. Irmayani Pawelloi, Nasrul Nasir, and Suharman Hamzah. "The effect of traffic noise on public health." Enfermería Clínica 30 (October 2020): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2020.06.057.
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Weidenfeld, Sarah, Sandra Sanok, Rolf Fimmers, Marie-Therese Puth, Daniel Aeschbach, and Eva-Maria Elmenhorst. "Short-Term Annoyance Due to Night-Time Road, Railway, and Air Traffic Noise: Role of the Noise Source, the Acoustical Metric, and Non-Acoustical Factors." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (April 27, 2021): 4647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094647.
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Field studies on traffic noise-induced annoyance have predominantly used estimated outside noise levels. We intended to complement existing knowledge with exposure–response relationships that are based on precise indoor noise measurements. Acoustic recordings inside the bedrooms of nightly road traffic and annoyance ratings in the following morning were obtained from 40 suburban residents (mean age 29.1 years ± 11.7; 26 females). We derived exposure–response functions for the probability to be “annoyed at least a little” (%LA). Further analyses compared data from the current study with those from two earlier studies on railway and aircraft noise. Annoyance increased with the number of traffic events and the equivalent sound pressure level. The inclusion of non-acoustical factors (such as assessment of road transport) improved the prediction considerably. When comparing the different traffic noise sources, %LA was higher for road than for air traffic at a given LAeq,night, but higher for road and railway than for air traffic at a given number of noise events. Acoustical as well as non-acoustical factors impact short-term annoyance induced by road, railway, and air traffic. Annoyance varies across noise sources, which may be due to differences in acoustical characteristics or in the temporal noise distribution throughout the night.
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M. Dzhambov, Angel, Donka D. Dimitrova, and Tanya H. Turnovska. "Improving Traffic Noise Simulations Using Space Syntax: Preliminary Results from Two Roadway Systems." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 65, no. 3 (September 29, 2014): 259–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/10004-1254-65-2014-2469.
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AbstractNoise pollution is one of the four major pollutions in the world. In order to implement adequate strategies for noise control, assessment of traffic-generated noise is essential in city planning and management. The aim of this study was to determine whether space syntax could improve the predictive power of noise simulation. This paper reports a record linkage study which combined a documentary method with space syntax analysis. It analyses data about traffic flow as well as field-measured and computer-simulated traffic noise in two Bulgarian agglomerations. Our findings suggest that space syntax might have a potential in predicting traffic noise exposure by improving models for noise simulations using specialised software or actual traffic counts. The scientific attention might need to be directed towards space syntax in order to study its further application in current models and algorithms for noise prediction.
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Davies, Scott, Nicole Haddad, and Jenny Q. Ouyang. "Stressful city sounds: glucocorticoid responses to experimental traffic noise are environmentally dependent." Biology Letters 13, no. 10 (October 2017): 20170276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2017.0276.
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A major challenge in urban ecology is to identify the environmental factors responsible for phenotypic differences between urban and rural individuals. However, the intercorrelation between the factors that characterize urban environments, combined with a lack of experimental manipulations of these factors in both urban and rural areas, hinder efforts to identify which aspects of urban environments are responsible for phenotypic differences. Among the factors modified by urbanization, anthropogenic sound, particularly traffic noise, is especially detrimental to animals. The mechanisms by which anthropogenic sound affects animals are unclear, but one potential mechanism is through changes in glucocorticoid hormone levels. We exposed adult house wrens, Troglodytes aedon , to either traffic noise or pink noise (a non-traffic noise control). We found that urban wrens had higher initial (pre-restraint) corticosterone than rural wrens before treatment, and that traffic noise elevated initial corticosterone of rural, but not urban, wrens. By contrast, restraint stress-induced corticosterone was not affected by noise treatment. Our results indicate that traffic noise specifically contributes to determining the glucocorticoid phenotype, and suggest that glucocorticoids are a mechanism by which anthropogenic sound causes phenotypic differences between urban and rural animals.
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Seidler, Andreas, Janice Hegewald, Anna Lene Seidler, Melanie Schubert, and Hajo Zeeb. "Is the Whole More Than the Sum of Its Parts? Health Effects of Different Types of Traffic Noise Combined." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 9 (May 13, 2019): 1665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16091665.
Full textAbstract:
Many epidemiological studies find that people exposed to aircraft, road or railway traffic noise are at increased risk of illness, including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and depression. It is unclear how the combined exposure to these different types of traffic noise affects disease risks. This study addresses this question with a large secondary data-based case-control study (“NORAH disease risk study”). The Akaike information criterion (AIC) is used to compare two different models estimating the disease risks of combined traffic noise. In comparison with the conventional energetic addition of noise levels, the multiplication of CVD risks as well as depression risks reveals a considerably better model fit as expressed by much lower AIC values. This is also the case when risk differences between different types of traffic noise are taken into account by applying supplements or reductions to the single traffic noise pressure levels in order to identify the best fitting energetic addition model. As a consequence, the conventionally performed energetic addition of noise levels might considerably underestimate the health risks of combined traffic noise. Based on the NORAH disease risk study, “epidemiological risk multiplication” seems to provide a better estimate of the health risks of combined traffic noise exposures compared to energetic addition. If confirmed in further studies, these results should imply consequences for noise protection measures as well as for traffic planning.
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Hegewald, Janice, Melanie Schubert, Matthias Lochmann, and Andreas Seidler. "The Burden of Disease Due to Road Traffic Noise in Hesse, Germany." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (September 3, 2021): 9337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179337.
Full textAbstract:
Road-traffic-noise exposition is widespread in Germany and can have harmful health effects. As guidance for informed decision-making, we estimated the environmental burden of disease attributable to road-traffic noise in Hesse, Germany as disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). Using detailed road-traffic-noise exposure data provided by the Hessian Agency for Nature Conservation, Environment, and Geology (HLNUG), we calculated the DALYs due to road-traffic noise > 40 dB(A) L24h (unweighted average 24 h noise level) and other noise metrics for endpoints with known dose-response functions and evidence in the literature (NORAH-study on disease risks and WHO reviews): cardiovascular disease, depressive disorders, road-traffic annoyance, and sleep disturbance. We calculated the population-attributable fractions (PAF) for road-noise-related cardiovascular disease (hypertensive heart disease, ischemic heart disease, and stroke) and depressive disorders in the population using published relative risk estimates. We multiplied the PAFs with the Hessian proportion of the 2015 WHO DALY estimates for Germany in people aged ≥ 40 years. For high annoyance and high sleep disturbance, we used published dose-response functions to determine the burden for residents of all ages. For Hesse, we found a total of 26,501 DALYs attributable to road-traffic noise or 435 DALY per 100,000 persons for the reference year, 2015. Further, we estimated that a hypothetic uniform road-traffic-noise reduction of 3 dB would prevent 23% of this burden of disease.
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Petrescu, Valentin, Rodica Ciudin, Claudiu Isarie, Lucian Ionel Cioca, and Victor Nederita. "Traffic Noise Pollution in a Historical City Center - Case Study Project within Environmental Engineering Field of Study." Balkan Region Conference on Engineering and Business Education 1, no. 1 (November 1, 2015): 289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cplbu-2015-0033.
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AbstractNoise reduction for urban areas, especially noise generated by traffic is one of the major problems in today’s European cities. This paper is focused on more aspects that are addressing to traffic noise, like pavement, driver’s behavior, frequency of stops, pick hours, traffic agglomerations, etc. Research leading to this paper was conducted within the project “Adaptation to the Climate Change” developed in partnership with Environmental protection Agency Sibiu, focusing for this case study on traffic related pollution in a historical city center of Sibiu. Were considered three types of pavements (cobblestones, streets covered with dense asphalt, and graded asphalt road surfaces), three types of vehicles (small passenger car, family car and SUV), and testing’s were done using 3M Quest SoundPro Sonometer. Higher noise levels were registered for cobblestone and dense asphalt surfaces. Acoustic measurements and maps emphasizing studied are presented, and the identified parameters considered to be related to the traffic noise are given.
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Wrótny, Marcin, and Janusz Bohatkiewicz. "Traffic Noise and Inhabitant Health—A Comparison of Road and Rail Noise." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (June 30, 2021): 7340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137340.
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The negative effect of traffic noise on human health is indisputable. The article illustrates the magnitude of this problem in selected European capitals using data made available by the European Environment Agency, collected as a part of strategic noise mapping under Directive 2002/49/EC. The purpose of the described studies is to determine the number of people suffering from noise-induced health problems, and to compare the effect of the road noise on human health with the effect of noise from rail vehicles. Studies concern noise annoyance, induced sleep disturbance, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years, or DALY index. Analyses clearly show that environmental pollution from road noise often exceeds environmental pollution from railway noise by a factor of 10. In addition, studies show that in many cities, more than half of the population is exposed to road noise exceeding the acceptable values. The worst of all selected agglomerations with regard to people exposed to road and rail noise is Paris, the capital of France. It should be noted, however, that it has the highest population density of all the analyzed cities and a very well developed transport network. Further studies are needed to characterize the effect of traffic noise on inhabitant health more accurately, using specific indicators allowing to do so.
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Nourmohammadi, Zahra, Tanapon Lilasathapornkit, Mudabber Ashfaq, Ziyuan Gu, and Meead Saberi. "Mapping Urban Environmental Performance with Emerging Data Sources: A Case of Urban Greenery and Traffic Noise in Sydney, Australia." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 10, 2021): 605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020605.
Full textAbstract:
Measuring urban environmental performance supports understanding and improving the livability and sustainability of a city. Creating a more livable and attractive environment facilitates a greater shift to active and greener transport modes. Two key aspects, among many others, that determine the environmental performance of an urban area are greenery and noise. This study aims to map street-level greenery and traffic noise using emerging data sources including crowd-sourced mobile phone-based data and street-level imagery data in Sydney, Australia. Results demonstrate the applicability of emerging data sources and the presented advanced techniques in capturing the seasonal variations in urban greenery and time-dependent nature of traffic noise. Results also confirm the presence of a negative correlation between urban greenery and traffic noise.
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Nourmohammadi, Zahra, Tanapon Lilasathapornkit, Mudabber Ashfaq, Ziyuan Gu, and Meead Saberi. "Mapping Urban Environmental Performance with Emerging Data Sources: A Case of Urban Greenery and Traffic Noise in Sydney, Australia." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 10, 2021): 605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020605.
Full textAbstract:
Measuring urban environmental performance supports understanding and improving the livability and sustainability of a city. Creating a more livable and attractive environment facilitates a greater shift to active and greener transport modes. Two key aspects, among many others, that determine the environmental performance of an urban area are greenery and noise. This study aims to map street-level greenery and traffic noise using emerging data sources including crowd-sourced mobile phone-based data and street-level imagery data in Sydney, Australia. Results demonstrate the applicability of emerging data sources and the presented advanced techniques in capturing the seasonal variations in urban greenery and time-dependent nature of traffic noise. Results also confirm the presence of a negative correlation between urban greenery and traffic noise.
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Esmael, Forouhid, Zadeh Falah, and Jafar Mahmoudi. "Modelling and analysis of an urban road traffic noise pollution: Case study of an interrupted flow traffic noise at a signalized intersection." Journal of Applied Engineering Science 19, no. 4 (2021): 1150–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-29921.
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This research aimed at modeling interrupted flow traffic noise at a signalized intersection. In this study, a new approach has been used with SPSS and Arc GIS with urban road traffic noise. The measured parameters of noise include noise equivalent level, volume of light vehicles, heavy vehicles and time mean speed. The results showed that the Spearman correlation coefficient between the interface and the level of the noise at morning, evening and total time were 0.241, 0.35 and 0.45. The spearman correlation coefficient between the interface of the buildings and the intersection of all types of vehicles passing through the morning, evening and total time equal to 0.534, 0.328 and 0.409. The results showed that noise level can be predicted through the speed variables of the vehicles, the volume of vehicles passing heavy and the use of land use of buildings. According to the results and the noise maps for the modeling noise of the estimated coefficients from the equation, it can be found that in building highway in urban, closer look on internationally acting Green Building Labels and noise protection is seen as an important part of the social sustainability aspects of a building.