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Journal articles on the topic 'Traffic designing'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 May 2022

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1

Hamarashid, Hozan Khalid, Miran Hama Rahim Saeed, and Soran Saeed. "Designing a Smart Traffic Light Algorithm (HMS) Based on Modified Round Robin Algorithm." Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24017/science.2017.1.8.

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Nowadays, traffic light system is very important to avoid car crashes and arrange traffic load. In the Sulaimani City / Iraq, there are many traffic problems such as traffic congestion or traffic jam and the amount of time provided manually to the traffic light system. This is the main difficulty that we try to solve. The traffic lights exist but still do not manage traffic congestion due to the fixed time provided for each lane regardless of their different load. Therefore, we are proposing to change the traditional traffic system to smart traffic system (adaptive system). This paper Focuses on the existing system (fixed system), then propose the adaptive one. The main crucial side effects of the existing system are: Emergency cases: congested traffics might block the way of emergencies for instance ambulance, which transports people to the hospital Wasting time of people generally and specially Delays, which lead people to not to be punctual, this means people arrive late to the work Wasting more fuels as staying more in the traffics, which affects the environment by increasing pollution.

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2

Čarský, Jiří, and Aida Mačerinskienė. "MODERN WAYS OF DESIGNING ROADS THROUGH URBAN AREAS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2003): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2003.10531328.

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An important part of forming traffic plans is through designing better traffic conducting. The through roads in urban areas are places of great traffic importance and the concentration of traffic can create serious problems. Solving of this problem significantly influences the future position and functions of current through roads in urban road networks as well as creating the possibilities of new traffic and technical organisation. The purpose of the process of the formation of modern and traffic easing on through roads is to reach better safety levels for all road users, improving pedestrian and cyclist conditions, optimising the used traffic spaces, improving the aesthetic standards of the through roads and slowing down the environmental impact of air pollution and traffic noise. For this purpose the new methodology defines a large number of project elements and specifies the possibilities of its use. It should support new ways of thinking in the designing of through roads and traffic easing, because the implementation of modern European trends is necessary in Lithuania. Firstly it is necessary to choose the optimal road speed and maximum speed limits. The suitable speed limit will depend on the traffic volume, on the number of pedestrians and cyclists and on the surroundings characteristics. Traffic easing elements on through roads generally do not cause a decline of capacity, but under specific conditions it can increase them. The use of particular elements and disposals depends on the place, eg where different elements are recommended to be placed before entry into any town/village, on the town/village's entry or in the use of through roads inside a town/village. Among the most used project elements in traffic easing on through roads, belong changes for the better modification of cross-sections and parking lanes, the implementation of middle traffic islands, local bottlenecks of traffic lanes, modification of crossings for pedestrians and the use of small roundabouts and finally under limited conditions and the use of traffic humps.

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3

Sangsefidi, Ebrahim, Mohammadjafar Rashidbenam, Shahab Kabiri, Hossein Amid, and Maryam Sangsefidi. "Optimizing Traffic Operation in Designing Specific Upgrades." Journal of Construction Engineering 2015 (January 18, 2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/254548.

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Transport forms one of the primary needs in all categories of the population in modern society; it is of paramount concern for traffic engineers, transport planners, and policy makers to understand and evaluate the quality of service being provided by the transport facilities designed by them. This paper presents an investigation in profile geometric design and traffic flow operation on two-lane two-way highways and provides analyses that will help in a better understanding of traffic operation on these facilities to select the optimum profile configuration. The effects of influencing parameters consisting of grade, length of grade, traffic composition, and traffic volume are evaluated and finally a systematic procedure to evaluate flow rate under the base condition is presented. Finally, based on these achievements an algorithm is introduced to select optimum Finished Ground of profile view. Results show that the percentage of heavy vehicles has a contributing effect on traffic operation so that the optimum profile configuration is incredibly affected by this factor. Source data have been obtained from Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) as a pioneer document in respect of quantifying the concept of capacity for a transport facility.

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4

Alfith, Alfith, and Kartiria Kartiria. "Development and Designing Smart Traffic Light with Xbee Pro." MATEC Web of Conferences 215 (2018): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821501009.

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The main function of the highway are used as a means to facilitate transportation, but today is often challenging due to all road users wanting more quickly reach its destination and precede each other. On the other hand, there is also a special car or entourage effect on traffic density, which in turn impact on congestion. To cope with this is actually the duty of the Traffic Police is not every day got in the way to manage traffic and will not be able to count the number of passing vehicles. To direct the traffic at any place such as a T-junction, an intersection, or intersection five solid pace of the traffic, the necessary traffic arrangements multifunctional tool called Smart Traffic Light. Called smart because the traffic light is deemed able to overcome three problems, such detect traffic density which affects the green light sensor uses the object infrared, able to detect the presence of specific signal from cars special like ambulance or fire engine or police or the like are automatically will change traffic lights red to green light using the XBee wireless module Pro and GPS, and seeks the traffic lights stay lit even though the supply of PLN extinguished using a spare battery. The system is capable of regulating the rate of traffic by arranging alternately road vehicle that passes a certain spot every day for nearly 24 hours a day and on these tools need to pair every day.

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5

Kamiyama, Noriaki, Ryoichi Kawahara, Tatsuya Mori, Shigeaki Harada, and Haruhisa Hasegawa. "Optimally designing caches to reduce P2P traffic." Computer Communications 34, no. 7 (May 2011): 883–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2010.10.009.

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6

Keler, Andreas, Patrick Malcolm, Georgios Grigoropoulos, and Klaus Bogenberger. "Designing Maps for Bicycling Simulator Studies – three practical Approaches." Proceedings of the ICA 4 (December 3, 2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-4-59-2021.

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Abstract. Bicycle simulator studies result from attempts of solving various novel problem statements of modern transportation-related research questions. Examples imply the evaluation of novel traffic control strategies for prioritizing urban bicycle traffic, novel bicycle infrastructure (such as bicycle highways) and the interaction and communication of vulnerable road users with automated or autonomous vehicles. As one of classical disciplines of transportation research, namely traffic engineering, and less related to human factors research, automotive research, geography, urban planning or citizen science, we want to point out those bicycle simulator studies design approaches, which are more related to testing novel traffic control strategies for cyclists, experiencing changing traffic-efficiency and –safety-related parameters in ongoing interfaced microscopic traffic flow simulations. We believe that this is a key factor in experiencing various traffic situations and the evaluation of thereof. In this research, we introduce three practical approaches of how to design maps for bicycling simulator studies. This is mainly resulting from manifold practical experiences from already conducted simulator studies beginning from the year 2018.

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7

Gracin, Josip, and Antun Stipetić. "Designing Postal Network Units." PROMET - Traffic&Transportation 21, no. 6 (March 2, 2012): 387–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v21i6.255.

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The existing postal infrastructure cannot efficiently support the requirements of new technologies and the supply of services on the open market of postal services. Post offices do not meet the new needs, therefore requiring an adjustment to new traffic and service requirements. The functioning of the postal system in the Republic of Croatia was carried out in order to adjust the functional equipment of the system to the introduction of the new technologies and services. At the same time a requirement was set to the public postal operator for more efficient performing of the universal postal service. Based on the analyses of the postal system functioning, a modular procedure of designing the postal network units was proposed and it provides the possibility of adjustment to the new technological, organizational and safety requirements of the postal system. KEY WORDS: postal units, module designing, postal traffic efficiency

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8

., N. Naveen Kumar. "TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT OF AN URBAN ROAD BY DESIGNING COORDINATED TRAFFIC SIGNAL SYSTEM." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 05, no. 02 (February 25, 2016): 288–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2016.0502052.

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9

Kesseler, Ernst, and Ed Knapen. "Designing future advanced controller displays." Information Design Journal 11, no. 1 (September 26, 2003): 32–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/idj.11.1.05kes.

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This paper describes the design of an advanced human-machine interface for well-trained, professional users, i.e. air traffic controllers. The safety implications of their tasks, combined with the short reaction time available to the user, result in high demands on the interface between the human and the supporting information system. The increasing demand for air traffic capacity (which can not be accommodated by just deploying more personnel as the additional co-ordination offsets the workload reduction) necessitates the introduction of innovative support tools to prevent human overload. Experience with the introduction of such tools stresses the need to design their user interfaces using a ‘human-centred approach’, contrasting with the traditional ‘technology-centred approach’.

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10

Ryczyński, Jacek, Piotr Saska, Andrzej Surowiecki, and Krzysztof Ksiądzyna. "Selected safety issues in designing engineering structures." Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 195, no. 1 (March 17, 2020): 135–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.0269.

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The article discusses the safety requirements specified in pertinent standards and recommendations for designing civil engineering objects, with particular emphasis on earth structures intended for vehicle traffic. The focus was on the following issues: the essence of reliability and durability of the structure and ensuring safety at the stage of designing vehicle traffic embankments with a slope supported with the use of a retaining wall and embankments placed on a substrate characterized by insufficient bearing capacity. The procedure for designing traffic embankments on weak ground, reinforcing weak ground and designing retaining structures (on the example of a reinforced soil massif) was carried out in accordance with the calculations pertaining to the field of geo-engineering, applying general analytical dependencies.

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11

van Paassen, M. M., Clark Borst, Rolf Klomp, Max Mulder, Pim van Leeuwen, and Martijn Mooij. "Designing for shared cognition in air traffic management." Journal of Aerospace Operations 2, no. 1-2 (2013): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/aop-130030.

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12

SHIOMI, Kakuichi. "Designing and Prototyping of Airport Traffic Management System." Journal of Japan Institute of Navigation 94 (1996): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.9749/jin.94.145.

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13

Čulík, Kristián, Veronika Harantová, and Ambróz Hájnik. "CAD Software Using for Designing of Traffic Environment." Transportation Research Procedia 44 (2020): 248–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2020.02.046.

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14

Ji, Nan, Jie Zhang, and Kaiwen Guo. "Mathematical model for designing the traffic circle control." International Journal of Innovative Computing and Applications 4, no. 1 (2012): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijica.2012.045703.

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15

MahmoudAnisheh, Seyed, and Hamid Hassanpour. "Designing an Approach for Network Traffic Anomaly Detection." International Journal of Computer Applications 37, no. 3 (January 28, 2012): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/4592-6039.

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16

Gumusay, M. U., O. Ozdemir, and T. Bakirman. "DESIGNING AND MODELLING COAST MANAGEMENT GIS FOR BOSPHORUS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B4 (June 13, 2016): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b4-215-2016.

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Web based geographic information systems (GIS) has great potential based on developments in internet and web technology. Web based GIS is a network based tool that takes advantage of internet with visualizing, analysing and accessing of distributed data and analysis functions. With the length of 30 kilometres, the Bosphorus provides an essential zone that offers great maritime traffic services. This shipping way which connects The Black Sea and The Mediterranean Sea through The Marmara Sea, has no alternative and it is substantial for economies of Black Sea countries. The Bosphorus is one of most important natural straits in the world handling 150 transit ships, 23 freighters with dangerous cargo and 2500 local transport ships with 2 million passengers on daily basis. In this study, it is aimed to create a web based GIS application for an effective coast management which includes berthing factors (anchorage areas, currents, submerged, etc.), maritime traffic factors (traffic separation schemes, traffic flow directions), closed areas and other factors (lighthouses, buoys, beacons, etc.) by digitizing printed navigation charts produced by Turkish Naval Forces, Office of Navigation, Hydrography and Oceanography.

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Gumusay, M. U., O. Ozdemir, and T. Bakirman. "DESIGNING AND MODELLING COAST MANAGEMENT GIS FOR BOSPHORUS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B4 (June 13, 2016): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b4-215-2016.

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Web based geographic information systems (GIS) has great potential based on developments in internet and web technology. Web based GIS is a network based tool that takes advantage of internet with visualizing, analysing and accessing of distributed data and analysis functions. With the length of 30 kilometres, the Bosphorus provides an essential zone that offers great maritime traffic services. This shipping way which connects The Black Sea and The Mediterranean Sea through The Marmara Sea, has no alternative and it is substantial for economies of Black Sea countries. The Bosphorus is one of most important natural straits in the world handling 150 transit ships, 23 freighters with dangerous cargo and 2500 local transport ships with 2 million passengers on daily basis. In this study, it is aimed to create a web based GIS application for an effective coast management which includes berthing factors (anchorage areas, currents, submerged, etc.), maritime traffic factors (traffic separation schemes, traffic flow directions), closed areas and other factors (lighthouses, buoys, beacons, etc.) by digitizing printed navigation charts produced by Turkish Naval Forces, Office of Navigation, Hydrography and Oceanography.

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18

Tettamanti, Tamás, and István Varga. "Traffic control designing using model predictive control in a high congestion traffic area." Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering 37, no. 1-2 (2009): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/pp.tr.2009-1-2.01.

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19

Beaton, Eric B., Evan Bialostozky, Patrick Dougherty, Taylor Reiss Gouge, and Theodore V. Orosz. "Designing the Modern Multimodal Urban Arterial." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2500, no. 1 (January 2015): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2500-04.

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AASHTO's functional classification system specifies that arterials should be designed to provide high mobility and low access; however, this narrow view does not fully represent the vitality of many urban streets, which need to maintain high access and high mobility across a variety of modes. Webster Avenue (US-1) in the Bronx, New York City, was an arterial that was focused on providing vehicular mobility but did not support the mobility and accessibility goals of public transit users and pedestrians. This paper describes results of the multimodal redesign of Webster Avenue by the New York City Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Metropolitan Transit Authority's New York City Transit (NYCT) as part of implementing bus rapid transit (BRT) in the corridor. The new arterial street design improves the organization of traffic: buses, which make frequent stops, now travel exclusively in the right travel lane, while general traffic is able to use the left travel lane. Key project results include a 19% to 23% improvement in bus speeds for the new BRT–select bus service route (compared with the former limited-stop route), 11% to 16% improvement in local bus speeds, maintenance of traffic speeds and volumes, and significant pedestrian safety improvements along the corridor. These results were achieved through extensive outreach and coordination with community stakeholders, careful use of different priority treatments on different parts of the corridor, and the strong working partnership between the New York City DOT and NYCT.

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20

Chen, Dui Yong, and Hui Li Zhang. "An Investigation of the Planning and Designing of Road Network in Logistical Parks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 97-98 (September 2011): 629–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.97-98.629.

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As a component of the urban transportation system, on the one hand, traffic in logistical parks shares the common features of urban transportation; on the other hand, it still possesses its own rules and characteristics. This paper makes a comparison between traffic in logistical parks and cities and gives an analysis of the logistical parks’ traffic characteristics by using traffic engineering theory, thus to make a clear distinction between traffic in logistical parks and cities， to have a study of the traffic characteristics in logistical parks, and on the basis of this to make an exploration of the characteristics the planning and designing of road network in logistical parks.

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21

Obadiah, Jason. "Designing Roadside Noise Barrier." ULTIMART Jurnal Komunikasi Visual 10, no. 2 (March 23, 2018): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31937/ultimart.v10i2.770.

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Noise is the common problem in the residential area, whether it came from events, vehicles, construction sites, or urban area. The most affected residential area are usually the ones which adjacent to the highway or a road. When someone is overexposed from the noise, this could lead into many health problems. This is why a noise barrier is essential to be built along the road. problems regarding the noise barrier is that although the barrier can attenuates the noise from the traffic, there are other sound source, or in this case, noise source other than the traffic such as the airplane. This problem mostly happened on the residential ground around an airport. One of the solutions for these problems is by using vegetation as additional noise barriers. By doubling the barrier (noise barrier - vegetation) the attenuations will probably much higher, in accounts that the vegetation is much higher than the barrier so that if there are multiple floor buildings, the floors above will also provide with noise insulations. Although, it would be more appropriate to use acoustic treatments to the buildings. The other solution is that by using the concept of constructing a louver or cap atop the wall that is directed back toward the noise source. This concept follows the theory that such a design should inhibit shadow zone diffraction filling in sound behind the noise barrier. Keywords: noise, sound, barrier, attenuation

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22

Taylor, Christine, Tudor Masek, and Craig Wanke. "Designing Traffic Flow Management Strategies Using Multiobjective Genetic Algorithms." Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics 38, no. 10 (October 2015): 1922–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.g000765.

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23

Surisetty, Ramesh, and Soma N. Sekhar. "Designing of a Traffic Signaling System at T-Intersection." International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications 07, no. 04 (April 2017): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/9622-0704038286.

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24

SHIOMI, Kakuichi, Hiroki SATO, Ryuji OHTSUKA, and Keiichiro NAKAUE. "Designing of Airport Traffic Management System for Terminal Area." Journal of Japan Institute of Navigation 96 (1997): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.9749/jin.96.21.

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25

Demircan, Tayip, Selman Yildirim, Muhammet Yildiz, Ziya Eksi, and Murat Cakiroglu. "Designing of an emergency call system for traffic accidents." SAÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 17, no. 3 (2013): 315–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5505/saufbe.2013.99608.

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26

Garcia-Dorado, I., D. G. Aliaga, and S. V. Ukkusuri. "Designing large-scale interactive traffic animations for urban modeling." Computer Graphics Forum 33, no. 2 (May 2014): 411–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cgf.12329.

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27

Jafari, Sadiqa, Zeinab Shahbazi, and Yung-Cheol Byun. "Designing the Controller-Based Urban Traffic Evaluation and Prediction Using Model Predictive Approach." Applied Sciences 12, no. 4 (February 14, 2022): 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12041992.

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As society grows, the urbanized population proliferates, and urbanization accelerates. Increasing traffic problems affect the normal process of the city. The urban transportation system is vital to the effective functioning of any city. Science and technology are critical elements in improving traffic performance in urban areas. In this paper, a novel control strategy based on selecting the type of traffic light and the duration of the green phase to achieve an optimal balance at intersections is proposed. This balance should be adaptable to fixed behavior of time and randomness in a traffic situation; the goal of the proposed method is to reduce traffic volume in transportation, the average delay for each vehicle, and control the crashing of cars. Due to the distribution of urban traffic and the urban transportation network among intelligent methods for traffic control, the multi-factor system has been designed as a suitable, intelligent, emerging, and successful model. Intersection traffic control is checked through proper traffic light timing modeled on multi-factor systems. Its ability to solve complex real-world problems has made multiagent systems a field of distributed artificial intelligence that is rapidly gaining popularity. The proposed method was investigated explicitly at the intersection through an appropriate traffic light timing by sampling a multiagent system. It consists of many intersections, and each of them is considered an independent agent that shares information with each other. The stability of each agent is proved separately. One of the salient features of the proposed method for traffic light scheduling is that there is no limit to the number of intersections and the distance between intersections. In this paper, we proposed method model predictive control for each intersection’s stability; the simulation results show that the predictive model controller in this multi-factor model predictive system is more valuable than scheduling in the fixed-time method. It reduces the length of vehicle queues.

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28

Jin, Yin Li, Ming Ming Zhang, and Chen Wang. "A Method of Designing CMS Guide Plan under Accident Impact in Province Expressway Net." Applied Mechanics and Materials 135-136 (October 2011): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.135-136.56.

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Traffic guide is a very important service for society. Current guide system is poor efficiency and complexly in operation. This made traffic guide information can’t be published regularly and in time. It also reduced down expressway net’s ability of providing traffic guide information for society. Regard CMS on expressway net as objective, after sorting and concluding guide information by scene analysis, the paper suggests a systematic method of processing traffic guide information based on dynamic traffic information automatic and prove it by an application. It can send detour information to each piece of CMS on expressway net quickly without redundant information. Traffic guide level on province expressway net would be improved extremely.

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29

Roca-Riu, Mireia, Jin Cao, Igor Dakic, and Monica Menendez. "Designing Dynamic Delivery Parking Spots in Urban Areas to Reduce Traffic Disruptions." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2017 (2017): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6296720.

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Pick-up and delivery services are essential for businesses in urban areas. However, due to the limited space in city centers, it might be unfeasible to provide sufficient loading/unloading spots. As a result, this type of operations often interferes with traffic by occupying road space (e.g., illegal parking). In this study, a potential solution is investigated: Dynamic Delivery Parking Spots (DDPS). With this concept, based on the time-varying traffic demand, the area allowed for delivery parking changes over time in order to maximize delivery opportunities while reducing traffic disruptions. Using the hydrodynamic theory of traffic flow, we analyze the traffic discharging rate on an urban link with DDPS. In comparison to the situation without delivery parking, the results show that although DDPS occupy some space on a driving lane, it is possible to keep the delay at a local level, that is, without spreading to the network. In this paper, we provide a methodology for the DDPS design, so that the delivery requests can be satisfied while their negative impacts on traffic are reduced. A simulation study is used to validate the model and to estimate delay compared to real situations with illegal parking, showing that DDPS can reduce system’s delay.

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30

Guo, Wei Xia, Jie Hong Luo, and Xue Mei Hu. "Application of Microcontroller FPGA Technology in Designing Intelligent Transportation System Internet of Things." Applied Mechanics and Materials 540 (April 2014): 381–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.540.381.

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Application of the Internet of things technology in intelligent traffic control field will improve the intelligent traffic control level and the level of information service. FPGA design consists of design input, comprehensive, functional simulation (simulation), design, timing simulation (simulation), configuration of six steps. The paper presents application of microcontroller FPGA technology in designing intelligent transportation system Internet of things. Experimental results show that the proposed method has high in intelligent traffic control system effect.

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31

Stamatiadis, Nikiforos, R. Clark Graves, and James Schmidt. "Considerations for Designing Commercial Vehicle Monitoring Facilities." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1536, no. 1 (January 1996): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196153600105.

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Commercial vehicle monitoring facilities provide the highway community with the means of supervising truck traffic. The technological advancements of the last few decades have allowed the realization of electronic clearances and can provide more effective ways to monitor and inspect truck traffic. However, in an era with limited funds and space for roadway expansion, some consideration must be given to what types of facilities are needed and what is the most efficient way to spend the available funds. Hence, a research effort was conducted to determine successful practices for designing a new facility or retrofitting or upgrading an existing one. The issues that need to be considered and addressed when designing or upgrading a commercial vehicle facility are discussed, and a checklist of critical factors, considerations for facility components, and typical facility layouts are provided. The findings indicate that a systems approach should be undertaken, all agencies affected by the operation of these facilities should be consulted and included in all phases of the project, and the development of a vision of the commercial vehicle operations goals is essential.

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32

Huang, Yi Sheng, and Tso Hsien Liao. "Modeling and Designing of Urban Traffic Control Systems by Statecharts." Advanced Materials Research 308-310 (August 2011): 1582–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.308-310.1582.

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Statechart has been utilized as a visual formalism for the modeling of complex systems. It illuminates the features on describing properties of causality, concurrency and synchronization. The reachability structure is used to represented dynamic model by a Boolean function. In this paper, we try to describe State invariant method and equation function for hierarchical tree diagram. Finally, we used them to analyze the urban traffic control systems which are modeled by using Statecharts. Their formalism provides a concept of propositional logic for presenting control strategy.

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33

Hoekstra, J. M., R. N. H. W. van Gent, and R. C. J. Ruigrok. "Designing for safety: the ‘free flight’ air traffic management concept." Reliability Engineering & System Safety 75, no. 2 (February 2002): 215–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0951-8320(01)00096-5.

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34

Zhao, Feng. "Designing IBGP Networks Based on Traffic Sensitivity: Models and Analysis." Journal of Computer Research and Development 44, no. 3 (2007): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/crad20070301.

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35

De Moraes, Anamaria, Claudia Renata Mont'Alvão, Manuela Quaresma, Alexandre M. Dresch, and Rosane Schonblum. "Designing a dynamic system traffic control of a freight railway." Behaviour & Information Technology 21, no. 5 (January 2002): 337–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0144929021000048547.

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36

Zhou, Xingyu, Fei Wu, Jian Tan, Yin Sun, and Ness Shroff. "Designing Low-Complexity Heavy-Traffic Delay-Optimal Load Balancing Schemes." ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review 46, no. 1 (January 17, 2019): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3292040.3219670.

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37

Rakha, Hesham A., Michael J. Baird, and Ihab El-Shawarby. "Designing Traffic Signal Yellow and Change Intervals considering Truck Impacts." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2438, no. 1 (January 2014): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2438-04.

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38

Hopkin, V. D. "Man-machine interface problems in designing air traffic control systems." Proceedings of the IEEE 77, no. 11 (1989): 1634–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/5.47726.

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Zhou, Xingyu, Fei Wu, Jian Tan, Yin Sun, and Ness Shroff. "Designing Low-Complexity Heavy-Traffic Delay-Optimal Load Balancing Schemes." Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems 1, no. 2 (December 19, 2017): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3154498.

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Zhou, Xingyu, Fei Wu, Jian Tan, Yin Sun, and Ness Shroff. "Designing Low-Complexity Heavy-Traffic Delay-Optimal Load Balancing Schemes." ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review 46, no. 1 (January 17, 2019): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3308809.3308875.

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Thakur, Ranu Munnasingh, Pranay D. Saraf, and Ravikiran Bhat. "Analysing and Designing Of Traffic Data System Using Big Data." IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering 19, no. 03 (May 2017): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/0661-1903034247.

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Uhlig, Steve, and Olivier Bonaventure. "Designing BGP-based outbound traffic engineering techniques for stub ASes." ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review 34, no. 5 (October 15, 2004): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1039111.1039115.

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Tran Luciani, Danwei, Jonas Löwgren, and Jonas Lundberg. "Designing fine-grained interactions for automation in air traffic control." Cognition, Technology & Work 22, no. 4 (September 14, 2019): 685–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10111-019-00598-9.

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Lusa, Rafał, Paweł Skierczyński, Leszek Kornalewski, Adam Czyżewski, Barbara Rymsza, and Dariusz Litwin. "Study of technical parameters of experimental traffic signs — results obtained within the frames of RID 4F research project." MATEC Web of Conferences 231 (2018): 02007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823102007.

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This article presents the principles of selection of colours and the thickness of lines during designing of traffic signs, the legal aspects traffic signs must correspond to, test methods used during assessment of both roadway markings and vertical experimental traffic signs, results of studies of those signs and their assessment in the case of possible changes in drivers behaviour.

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Ros-McDonnell, Lorenzo, María Victoria De-la-Fuente-Aragon, Diego Ros-McDonnell, and Manuel Cardós Carboneras. "Designing an Environmental Zone in a Mediterranean City to Support City Logistics." International Journal of Production Management and Engineering 6, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ijpme.2018.8771.

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<p>European cities are facing enormous challenges in accessibility and livability terms due to several European directives, which are compulsory in the mid/long term, traffic congestion levels are still increasing, and air pollution and noise disturbs citizens’ lives. This work presents the study carried out in a Mediterranean city to define an Environmental Zone with traffic restrictions for vehicles in the historical centre of the city of Cartagena (Spain) by exploring different urban logistics measures to tackle main problems caused by freight deliveries and pickups in the city centre. These solutions aimed to enhance the efficiency of vehicles, and to reduce both traffic congestion the environmental impacts caused by freight delivery in the city in order to improve urban sustainability.</p>

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Factor, Roni. "Reducing traffic violations in minority localities: Designing a traffic enforcement program through a public participation process." Accident Analysis & Prevention 121 (December 2018): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2018.09.005.

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Lytvynenko, T. P., L. V. Gasenko, and G. I. Sharyi. "FEATURES OF STREET-ROAD NETWORK MODERN DESIGNING AND RECONSTRUCTION IN CITIES." ACADEMIC JOURNAL Series: Industrial Machine Building, Civil Engineering 1, no. 50 (April 11, 2018): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26906/znp.2018.50.1074.

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The main problems associated with the organization of traffic and pedestrians movement in modern cities are determined. The world experience in designing and reconstruction the street-road network of cities is considered. The factors determining current trends and features of designing and reconstruction of street-road network in Ukraine cities are identified. The priorities of street-road traffic affecing its formation and development are considered. The main goals to adap urban construction and reconstruction projects to the change of priorities, which took place in the theory of transport planning, are formulated.

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Luo, Yi, Quan Xin, Pei Wang, and Xue Zhen Chen. "System Wide Information Management Architecture Designing." Advanced Materials Research 765-767 (September 2013): 1585–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.1585.

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As an important technical support platform of the next generation air traffic management concepts, Civil Aviation Wide Information Management System is responsible for providing various types of interactive information to relative business departments. This paper took SOA approach to analyze and design the function architecture of SWIM. And focused on the different technical approaches and deploying integration levels, it analyzed two kinds of SWIM technical architecture selections. This paper is funded by the National Science and Technology Supporting Program Civil Aviation Wide Information Management Technology and Platform (No. 2011BAH24B07) Project.

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Steinwandt, R., D. Janzing, and T. Beth. "On using quantum protocols to detect traffic analysis." Quantum Information and Computation 1, no. 3 (October 2001): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic1.3-5.

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We consider the problem of detecting whether an attacker measures the amount of traffic sent over a communication channel--possibly without extracting information about the transmitted data. A basic approach for designing a quantum protocol for detecting a perpetual traffic analysis of this kind is described.

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Jarocki, Jacek, and Paweł Wontorski. "The analysis of the rail trafic management on the railway routes with the given traffic factors." WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering 121 (June 1, 2018): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.4570.

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One of the elements of modernising the railroad in Poland is introducing the management of the rail transport system which fulfills the needs of growing transportation and increased speed of trains. The proces of investing and innovating of the rail traffic system should be preceded by the analysis of transport prognoses and designing of the rail traffic system adequate to the needs. The aim of this this publication is introducing the simplified conception, which can be the basis for analysis of selecting the proper system. The analysis was carried out on the examplary section of the main arterial route no. 2 between Międzyrzec Podlaski and Biała Podlaska stations.

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