Journal articles on the topic 'Traffic circles – Mathematics'
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1
Hu, Jiangbi, Lucheng He, Ronghua Wang, Chike Yuan, and Xiaojuan Gao. "The Permitted Dimension of Guide Sign in Freeway Tunnel Restricted by the Geometric Space of the Tunnel Vault." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (July 27, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4892723.
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Traffic guide signs should be settled in a freeway tunnel when there is a short distance between the interchange exit ramp and the tunnel exit in order to provide enough reaction time for drivers. However, there is not enough space for guide sign in a tunnel adopting the same design method as the guide sign along the general segment of the freeway. The maximum dimension of a guide sign in tunnel should be studied firstly. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the inner outline design of the tunnel and its relationship with the guide sign dimension, the study was classified into different combination conditions: left superelevation and right superelevation under two-, three-, or four-lane freeway tunnels, respectively. The essential elements, the horizontal and vertical clearances, the radius of the tunnel vault circles, the angle of the superelevation, and the allowance vertical dimension for future sign installation were all taken into account to establish the dimension model of the guide sign in the tunnel. The maximum dimensions of the guide signs were proposed under different combination conditions. The results indicated that there is only one set of the width and the height to obtain the maximum area of the guide sign in the freeway tunnel. The height of the guide sign reduces with the increase of its widths, and the area of the guide sign increases and then reduces with the increase of its width under the same grade of superelevation. The changing trend and extent of the dimension of the guide sign under left superelevation condition were different from those under right superelevation.
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Ji, Nan, Jie Zhang, and Kaiwen Guo. "Mathematical model for designing the traffic circle control." International Journal of Innovative Computing and Applications 4, no. 1 (2012): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijica.2012.045703.
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Ji, Nan, Jie Zhang, and Yan Gao. "A Smooth Flow of Traffic Circle Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 50-51 (February 2011): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.50-51.54.
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This article sets up mathematic model for the traffic circle to determine how best to control traffic flow. In order to make the traffic at the circle intersection smooth in maximum, this model figures out the largest traffic capacity through Wardrop’s formula. When the signal control is needed, a linkage time solving model is set up, which proves the number of seconds of every green light and work out the delay time. At last, the simulation software VISSIM is used for an example to work out the average delay time under the signal control. The result matches with this model.
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ANNUNZIATA, CASCONE, CIRO D'APICE, PICCOLI BENEDETTO, and RARITÀ LUIGI. "OPTIMIZATION OF TRAFFIC ON ROAD NETWORKS." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 17, no. 10 (October 2007): 1587–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021820250700239x.
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This paper focuses on the optimization of traffic flow on a road network, modeled by a fluid-dynamic approach. Three cost functionals that measure average velocity, average traveling time, and total flux of cars, are considered. First, such functionals are optimized for two simple networks that consist of a single junction: one with two incoming and one outgoing roads (junctions of 2 × 1 type), and the other with one incoming and two outgoing roads (junctions of 1 × 2 type). The optimization is made with respect to right of way parameters and traffic distribution coefficients, obtaining an explicit solution. Then, through simulations, the traffic behavior for complex networks is studied. The main result is that the local optimization ensures a very good result also for the complete network. This is shown by the case study of Re di Roma Square, a big traffic circle of the urban network of Rome.
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Wang, Weiping, Saini Yang, Kai Yin, Zhidan Zhao, Na Ying, and Jingfang Fan. "Network approach reveals the spatiotemporal influence of traffic on air pollution under COVID-19." Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science 32, no. 4 (April 2022): 041106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0087844.
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Air pollution causes widespread environmental and health problems and severely hinders the quality of life of urban residents. Traffic is critical for human life, but its emissions are a major source of pollution, aggravating urban air pollution. However, the complex interaction between traffic emissions and air pollution in cities and regions has not yet been revealed. In particular, the spread of COVID-19 has led various cities and regions to implement different traffic restriction policies according to the local epidemic situation, which provides the possibility to explore the relationship between urban traffic and air pollution. Here, we explore the influence of traffic on air pollution by reconstructing a multi-layer complex network base on the traffic index and air quality index. We uncover that air quality in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH), Chengdu–Chongqing Economic Circle (CCS), and Central China (CC) regions is significantly influenced by the surrounding traffic conditions after the outbreak. Under different stages of the fight against the epidemic, the influence of traffic in some regions on air pollution reaches the maximum in stage 2 (also called Initial Progress in Containing the Virus). For the BTH and CC regions, the impact of traffic on air quality becomes bigger in the first two stages and then decreases, while for CC, a significant impact occurs in phase 3 among the other regions. For other regions in the country, however, the changes are not evident. Our presented network-based framework provides a new perspective in the field of transportation and environment and may be helpful in guiding the government to formulate air pollution mitigation and traffic restriction policies.
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Wang, Weiping, Saini Yang, Kai Yin, Zhidan Zhao, Na Ying, and Jingfang Fan. "Network approach reveals the spatiotemporal influence of traffic on air pollution under COVID-19." Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science 32, no. 4 (April 2022): 041106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0087844.
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Air pollution causes widespread environmental and health problems and severely hinders the quality of life of urban residents. Traffic is critical for human life, but its emissions are a major source of pollution, aggravating urban air pollution. However, the complex interaction between traffic emissions and air pollution in cities and regions has not yet been revealed. In particular, the spread of COVID-19 has led various cities and regions to implement different traffic restriction policies according to the local epidemic situation, which provides the possibility to explore the relationship between urban traffic and air pollution. Here, we explore the influence of traffic on air pollution by reconstructing a multi-layer complex network base on the traffic index and air quality index. We uncover that air quality in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH), Chengdu–Chongqing Economic Circle (CCS), and Central China (CC) regions is significantly influenced by the surrounding traffic conditions after the outbreak. Under different stages of the fight against the epidemic, the influence of traffic in some regions on air pollution reaches the maximum in stage 2 (also called Initial Progress in Containing the Virus). For the BTH and CC regions, the impact of traffic on air quality becomes bigger in the first two stages and then decreases, while for CC, a significant impact occurs in phase 3 among the other regions. For other regions in the country, however, the changes are not evident. Our presented network-based framework provides a new perspective in the field of transportation and environment and may be helpful in guiding the government to formulate air pollution mitigation and traffic restriction policies.
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Wang, Weiping, Saini Yang, Kai Yin, Zhidan Zhao, Na Ying, and Jingfang Fan. "Network approach reveals the spatiotemporal influence of traffic on air pollution under COVID-19." Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science 32, no. 4 (April 2022): 041106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0087844.
Full textAbstract:
Air pollution causes widespread environmental and health problems and severely hinders the quality of life of urban residents. Traffic is critical for human life, but its emissions are a major source of pollution, aggravating urban air pollution. However, the complex interaction between traffic emissions and air pollution in cities and regions has not yet been revealed. In particular, the spread of COVID-19 has led various cities and regions to implement different traffic restriction policies according to the local epidemic situation, which provides the possibility to explore the relationship between urban traffic and air pollution. Here, we explore the influence of traffic on air pollution by reconstructing a multi-layer complex network base on the traffic index and air quality index. We uncover that air quality in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH), Chengdu–Chongqing Economic Circle (CCS), and Central China (CC) regions is significantly influenced by the surrounding traffic conditions after the outbreak. Under different stages of the fight against the epidemic, the influence of traffic in some regions on air pollution reaches the maximum in stage 2 (also called Initial Progress in Containing the Virus). For the BTH and CC regions, the impact of traffic on air quality becomes bigger in the first two stages and then decreases, while for CC, a significant impact occurs in phase 3 among the other regions. For other regions in the country, however, the changes are not evident. Our presented network-based framework provides a new perspective in the field of transportation and environment and may be helpful in guiding the government to formulate air pollution mitigation and traffic restriction policies.
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Xi, Jianfeng, Kai Mu, Tongqiang Ding, Chengyuan Zhang, and Hongyu Guo. "A macroscopic and hierarchical location model of regional road traffic disaster relief material repository." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 11, no. 1 (January 2019): 168781401882176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814018821764.
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Since the disaster point of road traffic emergency and the emergency demand were uncertain, the demand weighting model and the hierarchical location model are suitable for the characteristics of road traffic emergency. According to the requirements for coverage area of the macroscopic-location of the large area of disaster relief material repository, the demand weighting model and the hierarchical location model were established in this article. Among them, the demand weight model was solved by modeling, and the demand weight of each disaster point was obtained; the location model was combined with immune algorithm and ant colony algorithm to get the hierarchical location scheme. Finally, Jing-jin-ji that represented China’s “capital circle” was taken as an example, the model was solved using MATLAB, the mathematical software, and provided scientific and reasonable decision-making support for location selection. Moreover, it also provided a basis for the classification of the road traffic disaster relief material repository.
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Gasser, I., and B. Werner. "Dynamical phenomena induced by bottleneck." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 368, no. 1928 (October 13, 2010): 4543–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0118.
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We study a microscopic follow-the-leader model on a circle of length L with a bottleneck. Allowing large bottleneck strengths we encounter very interesting traffic dynamics. Different types of waves—travelling and standing waves and combinations of both wave types—are observed. The way to find these phenomena requires a good understanding of the complex dynamics of the underlying (nonlinear) equations. Some of the phenomena, like the ponies-on-a-merry-go-round solutions, are mathematically well known from completely different applications. Mathematically speaking we use Poincaré maps, bifurcation analysis and continuation methods beside numerical simulations.
10
Shi, Ziqian, Hua Chen, Kai Fan, and Peng Chen. "Some thoughts and strategies of planning for the impact of “COVID-19” epidemic in Yunnan plateau basin." E3S Web of Conferences 185 (2020): 03044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018503044.
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Combined with the big data report of Baidu epidemic, and based on the transmission route and characteristics of “COVID-19” Virus, using GIS spatial analysis technology and related mathematical models, the correspondence between the epidemic development distribution and the spatial pattern of the basin in the Yunnan Plateau was simulated, and the basin distribution, traffic accessibility, urban scale, and tourism fever were found. Destination fever is closely related to the development of the epidemic. Changing the mode of transportation in the basin, changing the mode of land use, constructing regional public health facilities, and improving the community living circle have a suppressive effect on the spread of the epidemic. According to the simulation conclusions, this article focuses on blocking the spread of the epidemic and guaranteeing the treatment and basic life of the personnel during the disaster. It proposes the considerations of the territorial space planning of the Yunnan Plateau basin in response to the epidemic from the region (province)-basin area-community and governance level.
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Batalov, K. A., M. V. Kulakov, and I. A. Chekhov. "Research of the cooperation technology between the air traffic control service and the aerodrome service." Civil Aviation High Technologies 24, no. 4 (August 27, 2021): 8–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.26467/2079-0619-2021-24-4-8-19.
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The article considers the process of cooperation between the ATC and airport operation services. The analysis considers the procedures of cooperation while inspecting a runway before performing flights, aircraft departure and arrival that encompass the entire range of coordinated operations. For each procedure, the costs of aircraft delays are calculated. The assessment was carried out by synthesizing the chronology of services cooperation in real conditions. On the basis of the collected data flowcharts of services cooperation to ensure flights of an airport and the ATM services were built. To provide a visual comparison of the existing and proposed model sof services cooperation the networks of services cooperation were built based on the mathematical model of the graphic chart. The operation network establishes the sequence of events to provide departure of one aircraft operating a scheduled flight of an airline. Within the given study the ATC service and the aerodrome service are involved to ensure a departure. Cooperation between the operation and dispatch service of the airport and an aircraft crew is conditional because in this case they do not impact the technology of cooperation. The network is a particular set of dots(summits)interconnected by lines (links). In the case of our study, circles are events (performed work). Directional segments (lines) are work connecting events to each other. While assessing the process of cooperation during arrival and departure, two cases were considered: the runway is occupied or clear.The runway could be occupied for different reasons: available vehicles, people, animals or flocks of birds on the runway. The study of the cooperation technology was carried out for 12 monthsof making scheduled flights at Zhukovsky and Ostafievo airports on the basis of every day flight plans.
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Yang, Lehua, Dongmei Li, and Ruipu Tan. "Shortest Path Solution of Trapezoidal Fuzzy Neutrosophic Graph Based on Circle-Breaking Algorithm." Symmetry 12, no. 8 (August 14, 2020): 1360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12081360.
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The shortest path problem is a topic of increasing interest in various scientific fields. The damage to roads and bridges caused by disasters makes traffic routes that can be accurately expressed become indeterminate. A neutrosophic set is a collection of the truth membership, indeterminacy membership, and falsity membership of the constituent elements. It has a symmetric form and indeterminacy membership is their axis of symmetry. In uncertain environments, the neutrosophic number can more effectively express the edge distance. The objectives in this study are to solve the shortest path problem of the neutrosophic graph with an edge distance expressed using trapezoidal fuzzy neutrosophic numbers (TrFNN) and resolve the edge distance according to the score and exact functions based on the TrFNN. Accordingly, the use of a circle-breaking algorithm is proposed to solve the shortest path problem and estimate the shortest distance. The feasibility of this method is verified based on two examples, and the rationality and effectiveness of the approach are evaluated by comparing it with the Dijkstra and Bellman algorithms.
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Kurhan, M. B., D. M. Kurhan, S. Y. Baidak, N. P. Khmelevska, and R. B. Novik. "Reduction of Railway Disorders Intensity Due to Improvement of Line Plan Parameters During Pasportization of Curves." Science and Transport Progress, no. 6(96) (December 20, 2021): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/stp2021/257933.
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Purpose. The work is aimed to reduce the intensity of the track disorder by improving the line plan parameters, ultimately ensuring the safety, smoothness and comfort of driving in the directions of high-speed train traffic. Methodology. To obtain initial data on the parameters of the plan of existing railways, the authors reviewed the world literature on the topic of the study, as well as monitored the railway track operation on the basis of technical passports of track distances. It is known that the accepted mathematical models of the existing plan use the assumption that three adjacent points of the curve lie on a circle. On this principle, the work of flattener machine for switches is based. As a result of corrective works to reduce the amount of shifts, the curve does not correspond to the initial passport data. The methodology involves the analysis and systematization of data to establish appropriate dependencies and build graphs. Findings. Inaccurate determination of the curve parameters results in unjustified speed restrictions on or large volumes of flattening works. Therefore, the proposals have been developed to reduce the intensity of track disorders by bringing the curve parameters to the regulatory requirements in force in Ukraine in the areas of high-speed train traffic. They follow from the analysis of the method of shooting curves used in track distances. The influence of accuracy of the obtained data on the establishment of the curve parameters and the permissible train speeds is identified. The recommendations received in the work will contribute to the effectiveness of design decisions, will determine the quality of the railway reconstruction project. Originality. Scientific approaches to estimating the state of curves, determining their rational parameters and permissible speed in the areas of high-speed train traffic in Ukraine have been further developed. Practical value. The obtained results will be useful for measures to improve the smoothness of train movement, increasing the speed and comfort of driving in the curved track sections, especially in the areas of high-speed train traffic.
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Jin, Cheng-Jie, Wei Wang, Rui Jiang, and Hao Wang. "Cellular automaton simulations of a four-leg intersection with two-phase signalization." International Journal of Modern Physics C 25, no. 03 (February 20, 2014): 1350099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012918311350099x.
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In this paper, we present a cellular automaton (CA) simulation of a signalized intersection. When there is no exclusive lane for left-turn vehicles, through vehicles and left-turn vehicles have to share one lane. Under such situation usually two-phase signalization is adopted, and the conflicts between the two traffic streams need to be analyzed. We use a refined configuration for the intersection simulation: the geometry of the intersection has been considered and vehicles are assumed to move along 1/4 circle arcs. We focus on the averaged travel times on left lanes and their distributions. The diagrams of intersection approach capacities (IACs) and the corresponding phase diagrams are also presented, which depend on the approach flow rates and the percentage of left-turn vehicles. Besides, we find that the minimum green time could be determined by finding out the critical value for the travel times.
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Park, Sangmin, Byung-Won On, Ryong Lee, Min-Woo Park, and Sang-Hwan Lee. "A Bi–LSTM and k-NN Based Method for Detecting Major Time Zones of Overloaded Vehicles." Symmetry 11, no. 9 (September 12, 2019): 1160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11091160.
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Overloaded vehicles such as large cargo trucks tend to cause large traffic accidents. Such traffic accidents often bring high mortality rates, including injuries and deaths, and cause fatal damage to road structures such as roads and bridges. Therefore, there is a vicious circle in which a lot of the budgets is spent for accident restoration and road maintenance. It is important to control overloaded vehicles that are around roads in urban areas. However, it often takes a lot of manpower to track down on overloaded vehicles at appropriate interception points during a specific time. Moreover, the drivers tend to avoid interception by bypassing the interception point, while exchanging interception information with each other. In this work, the main bridges in a city are chosen as the interception point. Since installing vehicle-weighing devices on the road surface is expensive and the devices cause frequent faults after the installation, inexpensive general-purpose Internet of Things (IoT) sensors, such as acceleration and gyroscope sensors, are installed on the bridges. First, assuming that the sensing value of the overloaded vehicle is different from the nonoverloaded vehicle, we investigate the difference in the sensed values between the overloaded and nonoverloaded vehicles. Then, based on the hypothesis, we propose a new method to identify prime time zones with overloaded vehicles. Technically, the proposed method comprises two steps. In the first step, we propose a new bridge traffic classification model using Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi–LSTM) that automatically classifies time series data to either high or low traffic condition. The Bi–LSTM model has higher accuracy than existing neural network models because it has a symmetric neural network structure, by which input information can be processed in forward and backward directions. In the second step, we propose a new method of automatically identifying top-k time zones with many overloaded vehicles under the high traffic condition. It first uses the k-Nearest Neighbor (NN) algorithm to find the sensing value, most similar to the actual sensing value of the overloaded vehicle, in the high traffic cluster. According to the experimental results, there is a high difference of the sensing values between the overloaded and the nonoverloaded vehicle, through statistical verification. Also, the accuracy of the proposed method in the first step is ~75%, and the top-k time zones in which overloaded vehicles are crowded are identified automatically.
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Li, Hao, Jianshu Duan, Yidan Wu, Sizhuo Gao, and Ting Li. "The Spatial Patterns of Service Facilities Based on Internet Big Data: A Case Study on Chengdu." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (September 8, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9283185.
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In the context of the mid-late development of China’s urbanization, promoting sustainable urban development and giving full play to urban potential have become a social focus, which is of enormous practical significance for the study of urban spatial pattern. Based on such Internet data as a map’s Point of Interest (POI), this paper studies the spatial distribution pattern and clustering characteristics of POIs of four categories of service facilities in Chengdu of Sichuan Province, including catering, shopping, transportation, scientific, educational, and cultural services, by means of spatial data mining technologies such as dimensional autocorrelation analysis and DBSCAN clustering. Global spatial autocorrelation is used to study the correlation between an index of a certain element and itself (univariate) or another index of an adjacent element (bivariate); partial spatial autocorrelation is used to identify characteristics of spatial clustering or spatial anomaly distribution of geographical elements. DBSCAN (Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise) is able to detect clusters of any shape without prior knowledge. The final step is to carry out quantitative analysis and reveal the distribution characteristics and coupling effects of spatial patterns. According to the results, (1) the spatial distribution of POIs of all service facilities is significantly polarized, as they are concentrated in the old city, and the trend of suburbanization is indistinctive, showing three characteristics, namely, central driving, traffic accessibility, and dependence on population activity; (2) the spatial distribution of POIs of the four categories of service facilities is featured by the pattern of “one center, multiple clusters,” where “one center” mainly covers the area within the first ring road and partial region between the first ring road and the third ring road, while “multiple clusters” are mainly distributed in the well-developed areas in the second circle of Chengdu, such as Wenjiang District and Shuangliu District; and (3) there is a significant correlation between any two categories of POIs. Highly mixed multifunctional areas are mainly distributed in the urban center, while service industry is less aggregated in urban fringe areas, and most of them are single-functional or dual-functional regions.
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Yamanaka, Osamu, Yusuke Oki, Yuta Imamura, Yukari Tamura, Masashi Shiraishi, Shunsuke Izumi, Akinori Awazu, and Hiraku Nishimori. "Ants Alter Collective Behavior After Feeding and Generate Shortcut Paths on a Two-Dimensional Foraging Area." Frontiers in Physics 10 (May 11, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2022.896717.
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Ants flexibly change their behavioral modes at various levels, from individuals to whole colonies, based on external stimuli, such as finding a new food source or being attacked by predators. In this study, we investigated mode changes in the foraging behavior of garden ants, Lasius japonicus. When extracted pheromone was deposited along a circular path connected to the nest entrance and no food was supplied, a large fraction of the ants continued to walk along the path. In contrast, if a food source was placed on the same circle at the opposite edge to the nest entrance, a large fraction of ants soon came to shuttle directly between the nest and the food source using a shortcut path. We analyzed the process of shifting the foraging path from the initial circular path to the shortcut path, and found that the foragers who reached the food source in the initial stage along the circular pheromone path chose the shortcut path for their homing instead of the circular path; thereafter, the traffic along the shortcut path gradually increased both in the outward and homeward directions. This strongly indicates that the ants changed the foraging mode after the food-intake from the pheromone-following mode to another mode. The present result serves as an example of the switching of collective behavior of animals caused by that of the primarily relying information for individuals according to the input of external stimuli.