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Journal articles on the topic 'Traffic circles – Mathematical models'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Shi, Ziqian, Hua Chen, Kai Fan, and Peng Chen. "Some thoughts and strategies of planning for the impact of “COVID-19” epidemic in Yunnan plateau basin." E3S Web of Conferences 185 (2020): 03044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018503044.

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Combined with the big data report of Baidu epidemic, and based on the transmission route and characteristics of “COVID-19” Virus, using GIS spatial analysis technology and related mathematical models, the correspondence between the epidemic development distribution and the spatial pattern of the basin in the Yunnan Plateau was simulated, and the basin distribution, traffic accessibility, urban scale, and tourism fever were found. Destination fever is closely related to the development of the epidemic. Changing the mode of transportation in the basin, changing the mode of land use, constructing regional public health facilities, and improving the community living circle have a suppressive effect on the spread of the epidemic. According to the simulation conclusions, this article focuses on blocking the spread of the epidemic and guaranteeing the treatment and basic life of the personnel during the disaster. It proposes the considerations of the territorial space planning of the Yunnan Plateau basin in response to the epidemic from the region (province)-basin area-community and governance level.

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2

Kurhan, M. B., D. M. Kurhan, S. Y. Baidak, N. P. Khmelevska, and R. B. Novik. "Reduction of Railway Disorders Intensity Due to Improvement of Line Plan Parameters During Pasportization of Curves." Science and Transport Progress, no. 6(96) (December 20, 2021): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/stp2021/257933.

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Purpose. The work is aimed to reduce the intensity of the track disorder by improving the line plan parameters, ultimately ensuring the safety, smoothness and comfort of driving in the directions of high-speed train traffic. Methodology. To obtain initial data on the parameters of the plan of existing railways, the authors reviewed the world literature on the topic of the study, as well as monitored the railway track operation on the basis of technical passports of track distances. It is known that the accepted mathematical models of the existing plan use the assumption that three adjacent points of the curve lie on a circle. On this principle, the work of flattener machine for switches is based. As a result of corrective works to reduce the amount of shifts, the curve does not correspond to the initial passport data. The methodology involves the analysis and systematization of data to establish appropriate dependencies and build graphs. Findings. Inaccurate determination of the curve parameters results in unjustified speed restrictions on or large volumes of flattening works. Therefore, the proposals have been developed to reduce the intensity of track disorders by bringing the curve parameters to the regulatory requirements in force in Ukraine in the areas of high-speed train traffic. They follow from the analysis of the method of shooting curves used in track distances. The influence of accuracy of the obtained data on the establishment of the curve parameters and the permissible train speeds is identified. The recommendations received in the work will contribute to the effectiveness of design decisions, will determine the quality of the railway reconstruction project. Originality. Scientific approaches to estimating the state of curves, determining their rational parameters and permissible speed in the areas of high-speed train traffic in Ukraine have been further developed. Practical value. The obtained results will be useful for measures to improve the smoothness of train movement, increasing the speed and comfort of driving in the curved track sections, especially in the areas of high-speed train traffic.

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3

Çalışkanelli, Pelin, Mustafa Özuysal, Serhan Tanyel, and Nadir Yayla. "COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT CAPACITY MODELS FOR TRAFFIC CIRCLES." TRANSPORT 24, no. 4 (December 31, 2009): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648-4142.2009.24.257-264.

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Traffic circles have been used in many countries all over the world. Traffic circles can be defined as intersections where traffic circulates around a center island where priority is given to the vehicles entering from branches and are designed considering weaving movements as the basic goal. There are two most common capacity analysis methods for traffic circles: the method of critical gap acceptance and the method of regression analysis. This study explains the methods of gap acceptance and regression analysis. Ashworth and Field method is investigated and the applicability of these capacity models in Turkey is discussed. The obtained results have shown that both methodologies give satisfactory results; however, the existing methods should be improved (modified) considering conditions.

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4

McCartney, M. "Comparing mathematical models of traffic flow." Teaching Mathematics and its Applications 19, no. 4 (December 1, 2000): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/teamat/19.4.183.

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5

Takači, Arpad. "Mathematical and simulation models of traffic flow." PAMM 5, no. 1 (December 2005): 633–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pamm.200510293.

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6

Junevičius, Raimundas, and Marijonas Bogdevičius. "MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF NETWORK TRAFFIC FLOW." TRANSPORT 24, no. 4 (December 31, 2009): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648-4142.2009.24.333-338.

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The article describes mathematical models of traffic flows to initiate different traffic flow processes. Separate elements of traffic flow models are made in a way to be connected together to get a single complex model. A model of straight road with different boundary conditions is presented as a separate part of the network traffic flow model. First testing is conducted in case the final point of the whole modelled traffic line is closed and no output from that point is possible. The second test is performed when a constant value of traffic flow speed and traffic flow rate is entered. Mathematical simulation is carried out and the obtained results are listed.

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7

Romanova, Tetyana, Olexandr Pankratov, Igor Litvinchev, Petro Stetsyuk, Oleksii Lykhovyd, Jose Antonio Marmolejo-Saucedo, and Pandian Vasant. "Balanced Circular Packing Problems with Distance Constraints." Computation 10, no. 7 (July 4, 2022): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computation10070113.

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The packing of different circles in a circular container under balancing and distance conditions is considered. Two problems are studied: the first minimizes the container’s radius, while the second maximizes the minimal distance between circles, as well as between circles and the boundary of the container. Mathematical models and solution strategies are provided and illustrated with computational results.

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8

Junevičius, Raimundas, Marijonas Bogdevičius, and Ádám Török. "MODELLING OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES’ EMISSION THROUGH THE USE OF TRAFFIC FLOW MATHEMATICAL MODELS." TRANSPORT 26, no. 3 (October 5, 2011): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2011.621978.

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Road traffic flows on a straight road segment are modelled in this article. The mathematical model of traffic flows has been constructed by using the method of lumped parameters. CO2, CO, CH, NOx, PM regression equations of internal combustion engines’ (ICE) emission has been developed. The accuracy of regression equations is 0.98÷0.99. The article presents assumptions for constructing the mathematical model, description of the mathematical model and gives simulation results. Traffic flow parameters, such as traffic flow concentration and traffic flow speed are presented as modelling results. ICE emission depending on the concentration and traffic flow speed are presented as well.

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9

Levine, E., G. Ziv, L. Gray, and D. Mukamel. "Phase Transitions in Traffic Models." Journal of Statistical Physics 117, no. 5-6 (December 2004): 819–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10955-004-5706-6.

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10

Tyagi, V., S. Darbha, and K. R. Rajagopal. "A review of the mathematical models for traffic flow." International Journal of Advances in Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics 1, no. 1 (July 2009): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12572-009-0005-8.

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11

Csahok, Z., and T. Vicsek. "Traffic models with disorder." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 27, no. 16 (August 21, 1994): L591—L596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/27/16/005.

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12

Chernigovskiy, A. V., M. V. Krivov, and A. L. Istomin. "Investigating Network Traffic and Selecting a Matching Mathematical Model." Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Instrument Engineering, no. 3 (132) (September 2020): 84–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0236-3933-2020-3-84-99.

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The investigation aimed to study various network traffic types so as to derive a mathematical description not only for a specific type of traffic, but also for the aggregated network traffic. We characterized the main types of data transmitted during network operation and compared the results with the most common mathematical models, that is, Poisson, Pareto, Weibull, exponential and lognormal distributions. We established that regardless of traffic type the volume distribution of data packets transmitted has a "long tail" and is well described by the lognormal distribution model. We evaluated the autocorrelation function, which showed that a long-range dependence characterises virtually all data, which indicates their self-similarity. We also confirmed this conclusion by calculating the Hurst exponent. At the same time, we determined that the degree of self-similarity depends not only on the type of data transmitted, but also on the data ratio in the aggregated network traffic. We selected the following models so as to compare the mathematical descriptions of traffic: classical and fractal Brownian motion, and the AR, MA, ARMA and ARIMA models. The results showed that the fractal Brownian motion model provides the most accurate mathematical description of network traffic

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13

Elmehdi, Hussein. "Assessing traffic noise in teh City of Sharjah using prediction models." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 2 (August 1, 2021): 4520–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-2725.

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Noise originated from traffic on inner-city roads has been recognized as a major issue that has negative effects that go beyond annoyance and adverse health effects on people living near such roads. In this paper, we report the results of employing mathematical models for assessing traffic noise levels near roads in the City of Sharjah, UAE. Our field measurements indicated high noise levels near inter-city roads including roads in residential areas. To further investigate this, measured noise levels arising from principle traffic noise parameters were re-examined using published mathematical models with the objective of validating the acoustic noise levels generated by traffic noise of mixed composition, traffic flow rate and distance from the source. The main sound levels, namely the statistical equivalent sound levels (Leq): L10, L50 and L90 were used in the mathematical predictive models, to calculate the day time sound levels and correlated it with in situ measurements. We have examined 10 linear regression models, reported in the literature, five of which were found to provide strong correlation and were validated for predicting noise arising from traffic. The models are recommended for calculating mixed traffic noise levels and its effects on people living near these inter-city roads.

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14

Chernigovskiy, Aleksandr, and Maksim Krivov. "SELECTION OF THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF NETWORK TRAFFIC." Modern Technologies and Scientific and Technological Progress 2018, no. 1 (March 23, 2020): 90–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.36629/2686-9896-2020-2018-1-90-91.

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Network traffic was analyzed. Obtained results were compared with the existing mathematical models. It was found that the best mathematical description of network traffic was obtained using the Pareto model.

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15

Twarock, Reidun. "Quadratic algebras in traffic flow models." Reports on Mathematical Physics 51, no. 2-3 (April 2003): 381–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0034-4877(03)80030-7.

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16

Guseynov, Sharif E., and Alexander V. Berezhnoy. "MODELLING OF URBAN TRAFFIC FLOW." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 15, 2017): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2017vol1.2632.

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In this paper non-deterministic motion of urban traffic is studied under certain assumptions. Based on those assumptions discrete and continuous mathematical models are developed: continuous model is written as the Cauchy initial-value problem for the integro-differential equation, whence among other things it is obtained the Fokker-Planck equation. Besides, the sufficient condition ensuring the mathematical legitimacy of the developed continuous model is formulated.

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17

Mitici, Mihaela, and Henk A. P. Blom. "Mathematical Models for Air Traffic Conflict and Collision Probability Estimation." IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 20, no. 3 (March 2019): 1052–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tits.2018.2839344.

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18

De Angelis, E. "Nonlinear hydrodynamic models of traffic flow modelling and mathematical problems." Mathematical and Computer Modelling 29, no. 7 (April 1999): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0895-7177(99)00064-3.

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19

Otegen, Diana Assankhankyzy. "MODELS OF TRAFFIC FLOW DYNAMICS ON HIGHWAYS." Вестник КазАТК 116, no. 1 (March 15, 2021): 236–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.52167/1609-1817-2021-116-1-236-241.

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The paper is an analytical review of the currently existing methods of traffic flows modeling. The movement of vehicles on the road can be modeled in different ways. Mathematical models as tools that allow us to study complex processes in the real world, including transport infrastructure, without capital expenditures, are a popular tool for solving many problems in various spheres of the national economy. There are several approaches to mathematical modeling of traffic flows. In microscopic models, the law of motion of each car is set, depending on its current position, speed, characteristics of the movement of neighboring cars, and other factors. Microscopic models, in turn, can be divided into models that are continuous in space and time, and into models that are discrete in space and time, the so-called cellular automata. In macroscopic models, the transport flow is considered as a fluid flow with special properties. The equations of the macroscopic model establish the relationship between the flow, density, speed of movement, possibly acceleration, and so on. Macroscopic models can also be continuous or discrete. In continuous models, the change in the state of a road section without branches and intersections is usually described by partial differential equations. Modeling traffic flows is necessary because active experiments in the existing transport network are fraught with unpredictable consequences, and in many cases are not feasible at all. The work presents a description and analysis of the models, and of their advantages and disadvantages.

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20

Perkins Coppola, Matthew. "Talking and Writing to Learn: The Physics of Traffic Intersection Safety, Part One." Hoosier Science Teacher 41, no. 1 (February 15, 2018): 6–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/thst.v41i123677.

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Physics students learn to engage in argument-based inquiry through mathematical modeling and analysis of real-world data collected from a traffic intersection in their own neighborhood. In this first part of the lesson, students focus on a single traffic intersection. Groups of students used equations of motion to construct simple mathematical models to describe how a driver approaches a yellow light at a traffic intersection. Students tested these mathematical models with a fictitious data set, then as a group collected and analyzed data from an actual traffic intersection of their choosing. Students determined the safety of the traffic intersection and presented their findings to their peers and invited members of the community. This practical research project set the stage for students (in Part Two) to tackle the larger question of whether cameras should be used to enforce traffic laws.

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21

Hou, Jia, George F. List, and Xiucheng Guo. "New Algorithms for Computing the Time-to-Collision in Freeway Traffic Simulation Models." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/761047.

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Ways to estimate the time-to-collision are explored. In the context of traffic simulation models, classical lane-based notions of vehicle location are relaxed and new, fast, and efficient algorithms are examined. With trajectory conflicts being the main focus, computational procedures are explored which use a two-dimensional coordinate system to track the vehicle trajectories and assess conflicts. Vector-based kinematic variables are used to support the calculations. Algorithms based on boxes, circles, and ellipses are considered. Their performance is evaluated in the context of computational complexity and solution time. Results from these analyses suggest promise for effective and efficient analyses. A combined computation process is found to be very effective.

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22

KORZHAKOV, D. A., and G. O. ARTYUSHIN. "ANALYSIS OF MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF QOS FOR 5G NETWORKS." Applied Mathematics and Fundamental Informatics 8, no. 3 (2021): 014–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.25206/2311-4908-2021-8-3-14-21.

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The problems of quality of service of 5G networks are described and models of network resource management in 5G networks are considered. Mathematical models of HTTP traffic transmission based on the discontinuous Poisson process and the Markov process of packets in discrete time have been constructed and compared.

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23

Reva, Ivan L., Andrei V. Ivanov, Mikhail A. Medvedev, and Igor A. Ognev. "Comparative analysis of modern trends in the field of traffic models of data transmission networks." Analysis and data processing systems, no. 2 (June 28, 2022): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/2782-2001-2022-2-55-68.

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To date, in matters of processing and managing network traffic, there is no single approach applicable to a wide pool of practical and applied tasks that would allow solving traffic management issues. Published works in this area are aimed at solving highly specialized problems: when applying complex solutions, these problems require the introduction of many additional parameters that increase computational complexity or solve only narrowly focused problems. This article provides a comparative analysis of classical network traffic models and reveals the possibility of practical application of such models in real-life problems. Classical traffic models are considered in detail, namely the Poisson model, heavy-tail traffic models, models based on Markov chains, traffic models based on the fractal theory and models based on stochastic time series. A mathematical description of each traffic model is also presented. Based on the results of the comparative analysis, the applicability of mathematical models to real projects was assessed. Based on it, two main problems were identified: first, the lack of consideration of the previous results of network traffic processing; secondly, the narrowly focused applicability of each of the models, given the rigid binding to subject areas, which allows solving only a narrow range of problems. The following indicators were taken as the criteria for evaluating network traffic models: the ability to scale the analyzed traffic, the ability to consider previous traffic data, computational complexity and the absence of some random features that could affect the operation of the model. A detailed study of the problem of traffic scaling revealed the main patterns, dependencies, dimensions of the traffic packet by the time it was processed.

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24

Klar, A., and R. Wegener. "Enskog-like kinetic models for vehicular traffic." Journal of Statistical Physics 87, no. 1-2 (April 1997): 91–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02181481.

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25

Karelina, Maria Yu, Pavel I. Pospelov, Yuri V. Trofimenko, Alexey V. Terentyev, Alexander G. Tatashev, and Marina V. Yashina. "Mathematical models for traffic flows on highways with intersections and junctions." T-Comm 15, no. 11 (2021): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-11-61-68.

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Mathematical models of motor traffic flow on highway sections on highway sections near intersections or flow segregation sections are considered. In these models, the particles corresponding to motor vehicles move according to probabilistic rules along a cellular field that moves at a constant speed in the direction coinciding with the direction of movement of the particles. A cell field consists of sequences of cells. Each such sequence corresponds to a lane on the highway. The time scale in the model is discrete or continuous. The model is a dynamic system with a discrete state space and discrete or continuous time. The mathematical description of the model can also be presented in terms of a cellular automaton or a random process with prohibitions. At any given time, there is no more than one particle in each cell. With each movement, the particle either moves one cell in the direction of movement, or moves to the next lane, or remains in place. The speed of the traffic flow on the highway section corresponds to the sum of the set speed of the cell field and the average speed of the particles relative to the field. The studied characteristics are the speed of the traffic flow, its intensity and the probability of successful rebuilding of the vehicle on the considered section of the highway. When setting the parameters of the model, data from measurements of the characteristics of traffic flows on highways are used. Analytical approaches have been developed to evaluate the studied characteristics. Computer programs have been created to implement the developed calculation algorithms. The results of calculations are given.

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26

Sychev, K. I. "MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF MULTISERVICE (SELF-SIMILAR) TRAFFIC GENERATION AND SERVICING PROCESSES." Telecommunications and Radio Engineering 70, no. 11 (2011): 985–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/telecomradeng.v70.i11.40.

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27

Rochim, Z. J. N., and Hartono. "Review properties solutions the mathematical models of transition time traffic congestion." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1320 (October 2019): 012077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1320/1/012077.

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28

Oleg Fyodorovich Danilov, Victor Ivanovich Kolesov, Denis Alexandrovich Sorokin, and Maxim Leonidovich Gulaev. "Study on the Vehicle Linear Dynamic Interval in a Traffic Flow." Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina 23, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): E11—E22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/com.c.2021.1.e11-e22.

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The transportation industry of a modern city involves the effective systems for the road traffic management. To manage any object is impossible without understanding its specifics. The tasks of road traffic management are based on mathematical models of traffic flows. The “following the leader” model based on the linear dynamic interval of vehicles has become widely accepted in the model analysis. The paper discusses the mathematical model of the linear dynamic interval of vehicles; the model is identified structurally and parametrically. Coefficients of the model are analyzed in detail; a generalized assessment of the dynamic performance of the traffic flow, evolved in various road conditions, is given. The study has resulted in the proposed basic models for traffic flows that can be used for algorithmic support of the model analysis of traffic flows and the road traffic management.

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Schadschneider, A., and M. Schreckenberg. "Cellular automation models and traffic flow." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 26, no. 15 (August 7, 1993): L679—L683. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/26/15/011.

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30

Csanyi, G., and J. Kertesz. "Scaling behaviour in discrete traffic models." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 28, no. 16 (August 21, 1995): L427—L432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/28/16/002.

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31

Csányi, G., and J. Kertész. "Scaling behaviour in discrete traffic models." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 29, no. 2 (January 21, 1996): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/29/2/024.

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32

MOUSSA, NAJEM. "SIMULATION STUDY OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN BIDIRECTIONAL TRAFFIC MODELS." International Journal of Modern Physics C 21, no. 12 (December 2010): 1501–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183110016007.

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Conditions for the occurrence of bidirectional collisions are developed based on the Simon–Gutowitz bidirectional traffic model. Three types of dangerous situations can occur in this model. We analyze those corresponding to head-on collision; rear-end collision and lane-changing collision. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we compute the probability of the occurrence of these collisions for different values of the oncoming cars' density. It is found that the risk of collisions is important when the density of cars in one lane is small and that of the other lane is high enough. The influence of different proportions of heavy vehicles is also studied. We found that heavy vehicles cause an important reduction of traffic flow on the home lane and provoke an increase of the risk of car accidents.

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POSPELOV, PAVEL I., ALEXANDER G. TATASHEV, ALEXEY V. TERENTYEV, MARIA Yu KARELINA, and MARINA V. YASHINA. "BARTLETT FLOWS AND MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTION OF MOTOR TRAFFIC FLOWS." H&ES Research 13, no. 6 (2021): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36724/2409-5419-2021-13-6-34-41.

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Introduction: The class of mathematical traffic models is based on the theory of queuing. In these models, the application entering the service system corresponds to the vehicle. When developing a traffic model formulated in terms of queuing, it is necessary to specify a random flow that is incoming to the queuing system. The purpose of the study: Traditional queuing systems with recurrent incoming flow under appropriate conditions do not reflect the specific features of real traffic flows. Under certain conditions, for example, it may be appropriate to use a Markov-type flow in the model, the intensity of which depends on the state of a mathematical object called the control device. In the general case, such a flow can be specified as non-uniform, and with such a task, each request is assigned a type that also depends on the state of the control device. Setting the qualitative structure and parameters of a random flow depends on the assessment of the speed characteristics of the vehicles that form the flow, and, therefore, is related to the issues of studying the speed characteristics of real vehicles. Practical significance: At a sufficiently low density of the traffic flow, the incoming flow is close to the Poisson one. As traffic increases and road conditions worsen, the risk of overtaking increases and clusters are formed, consisting of a slow car moving in front and a group of fast cars that cannot overtake a slow one. In such cases, we can assume that the incoming flow is a Bartlett flow, which has the following form: clusters form a Poisson flow, and the cluster length distribution is a two-parameter Bartlett distribution. One of the parameters of this distribution is the probability of having a group of fast cars, and the second parameter characterizes the distribution of the number of cars in this group. Discussion: In this paper, we study the questions of setting a qualitative probabilistic structure and quantitative parameters of random flows, which are elements of queuing systems used as traffic models.

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34

Gorbachev, Alexey. "Overview of the route public transport mathematical models." Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University, no. 3 (September 20, 2018): 366–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2018-3-366-370.

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Objective: To survey international and domestic experience of building mathematical models for timetable and schedule presentation. Methods: The analysis of applicability of the current international experience in transport management in the sphere of public route transport was carried out. It particularly concerned scheduling for ex-USSR countries. Results: The necessity to develop special-purpose mathematical models of route public transport schedule was justified. The schedule models in question being serviceable under the limitations of current technology-based standards and traffic management restrictions in Russia. Practical importance: Implementation and development of domestic intelligence systems, designed to organize the management of public route transport operation, is of great relevance for economic development of the country.

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35

Savage, Natasha S., Anita T. Layton, and Daniel J. Lew. "Mechanistic mathematical model of polarity in yeast." Molecular Biology of the Cell 23, no. 10 (May 15, 2012): 1998–2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e11-10-0837.

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The establishment of cell polarity involves positive-feedback mechanisms that concentrate polarity regulators, including the conserved GTPase Cdc42p, at the “front” of the polarized cell. Previous studies in yeast suggested the presence of two parallel positive-feedback loops, one operating as a diffusion-based system, and the other involving actin-directed trafficking of Cdc42p on vesicles. F-actin (and hence directed vesicle traffic) speeds fluorescence recovery of Cdc42p after photobleaching, suggesting that vesicle traffic of Cdc42p contributes to polarization. We present a mathematical modeling framework that combines previously developed mechanistic reaction-diffusion and vesicle-trafficking models. Surprisingly, the combined model recapitulated the observed effect of vesicle traffic on Cdc42p dynamics even when the vesicles did not carry significant amounts of Cdc42p. Vesicle traffic reduced the concentration of Cdc42p at the front, so that fluorescence recovery mediated by Cdc42p flux from the cytoplasm took less time to replenish the bleached pool. Simulations in which Cdc42p was concentrated into vesicles or depleted from vesicles yielded almost identical predictions, because Cdc42p flux from the cytoplasm was dominant. These findings indicate that vesicle-mediated delivery of Cdc42p is not required to explain the observed Cdc42p dynamics, and raise the question of whether such Cdc42p traffic actually contributes to polarity establishment.

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36

Lopez, Guillermo Angel Perez, and Léa Cristina Lucas de Souza. "Comparison of mathematical methods and measurements of traffic noise indices in pedestrian routes." Ambiente Construído 20, no. 1 (March 2020): 351–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-86212020000100379.

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Abstract In this study, we propose an analysis of the vehicular traffic noise indices and comparison between field measurements and prediction data obtained from mathematical models. The study area consists of two pedestrians routes of a medium-sized South American city. University students use these routes in displacements between their universities and residences. We monitored twenty-eight points along the two routes, performing three daytime measurements for each point. The calculated values were obtained from two mathematical predicted models: the English model CRTN (Calculation of Road Traffic Noise) and the French model NMPB-Routes (Nouvelle Methode de Prevision de Bruit). The measurements considered two noise descriptors: the A-weighted equivalent sound level (LAeq) and the noise pollution index (Lnp). The results show that the pedestrians are exposed to excessive levels of vehicle traffic noise along these routes. However, the analysis showed that the two mathematical models achieved good similarity and high performance in the prediction potential. The CRTN model has a better performance than NMPB, proving to be useful as an auxiliary tool in the monitoring of vehicle traffic noise. Finally, we used the CRTN (LAeq) predictions to generate the map of noise pollution indices.

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Bazaras, Jonas, Janina Jablonskytė, and Eglė Jotautienė. "INTERDEPENDENCE OF NOISE AND TRAFFIC FLOW." TRANSPORT 23, no. 1 (March 31, 2008): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648-4142.2008.23.67-72.

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Traffic flows in cities, especially in city centres, are intensive and uneven, moreover, registered noise levels exceed allowable limits. Noise levels have been measured at K. Mindaugo ave. and Birštono street crossing in Kaunas and data of automated traffic flow registration equipment have been used. A constant reduction of noise level from the beginning till the end of the green light has been identified ‐ “hot starts” generated noise dominates. To make estimates of noise and traffic flow interdependency, mathematical statistical models have been applied. Parameter distribution patterns have been analysed, prediction models have been composed.

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Fedorko, Gabriel, David Heinz, Vieroslav Molnár, and Tomáš Brenner. "Use of mathematical models and computer software for analysis of traffic noise." Open Engineering 10, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2020-0021.

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AbstractNoise measurement and evaluation of the existing noise situation is carried out in the vicinity of selected roads to demonstrate the need for the design of anti-noise measures or to assess the effectiveness of the measures. The selection and number of measuring points, time and intervals, the road noise measurement procedure and the measuring instruments used shall be used in accordance with the provisions of the STN ISO 1996-1 and STN ISO 1996-2 standards. During the measurement, it is also necessary to determine the microclimatic conditions of measurement, such as temperature and relative humidity, wind direction and speed, barometric pressure, duration and intensity of precipitation at the measuring point. The determinant for the definition of road traffic noise is the equivalent sound level A or the equivalent sound level in the third octave bands over a given time interval. In specific cases, it is possible to determine the equivalent sound pressure level from individual vehicle transit.

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Trapeznikova, Marina Alexandrovna, Antonina Alexandrovna Chechina, and Natalia Gennadievna Churbanova. "Traffic flow dynamics on road network fragments using two-dimensional mathematical models." Keldysh Institute Preprints, no. 93 (2016): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20948/prepr-2016-93.

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Shevtsova, Anastasiya, Marina Yablonovskaya, and Alexey Borovskoy. "Origin-Destination Matrix as a Way to Create a Basic Algorithm for Simulation a Load of Transport Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 725-726 (January 2015): 1218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.725-726.1218.

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Article is devoted to studying of traffic flows using the origin-destination matrix. The first paragraph of this article deals with the possibility of applying the origin-destination matrix when modeling load of transport network. The types of transportations, the factors that affect the loading of the transport network are described. The concept of a generalized path cost, interdistrict transportations and some others are considered. There are proposed several steps to create a origin-destination matrix. In the second paragraph of the paper is proposed the classification of mathematical models that can be applied in the simulation of traffic flow, as well as their features are marked. This will help in the processing of data for selection of a mathematical model that satisfies the requirements and objectives that have set themselves researchers. The conclusions on the application of mathematical models in the study of traffic flow are made.

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Schadschneider, Andreas, and Michael Schreckenberg. "Garden of Eden states in traffic models." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 31, no. 11 (March 20, 1998): L225—L231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/31/11/003.

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Kerner, B. S., and S. L. Klenov. "Deterministic microscopic three-phase traffic flow models." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 39, no. 23 (May 23, 2006): 7605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/39/23/c01.

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Kerner, Boris S., and Sergey L. Klenov. "Deterministic microscopic three-phase traffic flow models." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 39, no. 8 (February 8, 2006): 1775–809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/39/8/002.

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Jiang, Rui, and Qing-Song Wu. "Cellular automata models for synchronized traffic flow." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 36, no. 2 (December 17, 2002): 381–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/36/2/307.

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Xie, Bo, Ying Wen Chen, Ming Xu, and Yuan Gang Wang. "Mathematical Modeling of Locally Information Storage Capability of VANET for Highway Traffic." Applied Mechanics and Materials 373-375 (August 2013): 1914–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.373-375.1914.

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By cooperative communication among mobile vehicles, content based information dissemination could be implemented by local information storage. This paper focuses on analyzing how long the local information could be stored in this local region for, which is also called storage capability. Although there is an approximation model for two-way traffic, it is not scalable for different scenarios .We analyze the different scenarios of two-way highway traffic. Based on the analytical model for one-way highway traffic, we improve the model for two-way highway traffic. Finally, exhaustive simulations are presented to show the good performance of the proposed models for different scenarios.

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Suleimen, A. А., G. B. Kashaganova, G. B. Issayeva, B. R. Absatarova, and M. C. Ibraev. "OPTIMIZATION OF MANAGEMENT OF URBAN LIGHTS WITH THE USE OF NEURAL NETWORKS." BULLETIN 389, no. 1 (February 10, 2021): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2021.2518-1467.2.

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One of the most pressing problems of large cities is the problem of traffic management of vehicles. The reason for this problem is an imperfect way to manage traffic flows. Traffic light regulation is of particular importance in traffic management. Most modern traffic light control systems operate at set time intervals and are not able to cope with the constantly changing situation on the road. A promising direction for solving this problem is to optimize the system using artificial neural networks. The advantage of neural networks is self-learning, which allows the system to adapt to the changing situation on the road. Despite numerous attempts, it has not yet been possible to obtain a high-quality mathematical model of urban traffic management. This model should determine the functional dependence of transport flow parameters on control parameters. Nowadays, traffic flows are regulated everywhere by means of traffic lights. If we can get a fairly accurate mathematical model of traffic flows, we can determine the optimal duration of the traffic signal phases to achieve the maximum capacity of the road network node. A fairly accurate mathematical model of traffic management that works in predictive mode will display an estimate of the optimal control parameters, as well as make correct decisions in emergency situations. Well-known mathematical models of road traffic take into account only the average values of traffic flows, and not the exact number of cars on each road section at a particular time.

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Кадасев, D. Kadasev, Коротнев, and V. Korotnev. "MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF TRAFFIC FLOWS ON THE ROAD NETWORK CITY." Alternative energy sources in the transport-technological complex: problems and prospects of rational use of 3, no. 1 (March 16, 2016): 236–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/17887.

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This article describes a practical method of constructing mathematical models of traffic flow, the most suitable for a particular city highway. The initial data are: instant speed, time, distance, flux density, intensity of movement of vehicles. Using the obtained data, built regression model, and conducted correlation analysis. The choice of the mathematical model that most faithfully describes the transport process was made on the basis of the correlation coefficient

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Vasyutina, A. A., V. V. Popov, A. I. Kondratyev, and A. L. Boran-Keshishyan. "Improvement of the vessel traffic control system for accident-free electronic navigation in the port area." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2061, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2061/1/012105.

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Abstract The increase in the intensity of navigation leads to unsafe navigation, which necessitates the improvement of existing measures to ensure safe navigation using specific mathematical models and methods. The configuration of the mathematical model of the traffic flow of ships obtained in this study is realizable on modern computer technology and can be applied by embedding advanced ship traffic control systems, which is an object of the infrastructure of a modern seaport.

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Patriksson, Michael. "Robust bi-level optimization models in transportation science." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 366, no. 1872 (March 10, 2008): 1989–2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2008.0007.

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Mathematical programmes with equilibrium constraints (MPECs) constitute important modelling tools for network flow problems, as they place ‘what-if’ analyses in a proper mathematical framework. We consider a class of stochastic MPEC traffic models that explicitly incorporate possible uncertainties in travel costs and demands. In stochastic programming terminology, we consider ‘here-and-now’ models where decisions must be made before observing the uncertain parameter values and the responses of the network users; the objective is to minimize the expectation of the upper-level objective function. Such a model could, for example, be used to derive a fixed toll pricing scheme that provides the best revenue for a given network over a time period, where variations in traffic conditions and demand elasticities are described by distributions of parameters in the travel time and demand functions. We present new results on the stability of globally optimal solutions to perturbations in the probability distribution, establishing the robustness of the model. We also discuss penalization and discretization algorithms, the latter enabling the use of standard MPEC algorithms, and provide many future research avenues.

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Herasymiuk, Y. S., I. V. Rozora, and A. O. Pashko. "On probability estimation of buffer overflow for communication networks." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series: Physics and Mathematics, no. 2 (2022): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1812-5409.2022/2.8.

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In recent years, a large number of research of telecommunications traffic have been conducted. It was found that traffic has a number of specific properties that distinguish it from ordinary traffic. Namely: it has the properties of self-similarity, multifractality, long-term dependence and distribution of the amount of load coming from one source. At present, many other models of traffic with self-similarity properties and so on have been built in other researched works on this topic. Such models are investigated in this paper, which considers traffic in telecommunications networks, the probability of overflow traffic buffer. Statistical models are built to analyze traffic in telecommunications networks, in particular to research the probability of buffer overflow for communication networks. The article presents the results of the analysis of processes in telecommunication networks, in particular traffic; research of possibilities of representation of real processes in the form of random processes on the basis of use of statistical simulation model; the necessary mathematical and statistical models are selected and analyzed; software-implemented models using the Matlab environment; visual graphs for comparison of the received data are given; the analysis of the received models is carried out.

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