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Journal articles on the topic 'Traffic accidents Economic aspects Victoria'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Dyr, Tadeusz, Karolina Ziółkowska, Agata Jaździk-Osmólska, and Małgorzata Kozłowska. "Economic safety aspects of the road traffic in Poland." Central European Review of Economics & Finance 21, no. 5 (October 31, 2017): 7–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/ceref.2017.019.

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Road accidents are generating economic and public high costs. They include: losses resulting from the long-lasting or temporary impossibility of creating GDP, expenses on the treatment and rehabilitation of people injured in the accidents, costs of emergency services involvment, payment of compensations and benefits, financial losses or emotional suffering of the accidents' victims and perpetrators' relatives, leading to reduce their economic activity. Statistical data presented in the point out to the high risk of road accidents. Also causes of unsatisfactory level of the road safety improvement in Poland were presented.
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Ščerba, Marek, Tomáš Apeltauer, and Jiří Apeltauer. "Portable Telematic System as an Effective Traffic Flow Management in Workzones." Transport and Telecommunication Journal 16, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ttj-2015-0009.

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Abstract Traffic infrastructure localities with temporal restrictions for example due to reconstructions, or modernization, are important aspects influencing the traffic safety and traffic flow. On the basis of our research, we can identify main factors, which generate travel time loses, and which often cause traffic accidents in bottlenecks. First of all, it is improper late merge, speeding, tailgating, lower tolerance and consideration to other road users. Nervousness and ignorance of drivers also play an important role in generation of traffic congestions, lower level of service and resulting external economic loses. One of the tools eliminating the traffic restriction negative impacts is usage of portable telematics systems. In 2011 to 2013,project ViaZONE was in progress, which was to design an intelligent system with the aim to eliminate the mentioned risks and reduce economic losses generated by traffic congestions. Using available data and information, we have proved profitability and cost-effectiveness of dynamic systems for traffic control of work zones. Regarding traffic management, the system showed some problems due to indisciplined drivers and the system proved that speeding in these hazardous road segments is a common practice which caused accidents and congestions.
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Dongare, Tejas, Dhiraj Huljute, Pranit Jadhav, Anuj Lad, and Prof Sheetal Marawar. "A Review on Traffic Management and Road Analysis of Porwal Road." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 1 (January 31, 2023): 881–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.48508.

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Abstract: Traffic congestion is a major problem in many cities of India along with other countries. Failure of signals, poor law enforcement, and bad traffic management has to lead to traffic congestion. One of the major problems with Indian cities is that the existing infrastructure cannot be expanded more, and thus the only option available is better management of the traffic. Traffic congestion has a negative impact on the economy, the environment, and the overall quality of life. Hence it is high time to effectively manage the traffic congestion problem. In cities, where the number of vehicles continuously increases faster than the available traffic infrastructure to support them, congestion is a difficult issue to deal with and it becomes even worse in case of car accidents. There are various methods available for traffic management such as video data analysis, infrared sensors, inductive loop detection, wireless sensor network, etc. Traffic congestion is a major problem in many cities of India along with other countries. Failure of signals, poor law enforcement, and bad traffic management have led to traffic congestion. This problem affects many aspects of modern society, including economic development, traffic accidents, increase in greenhouse emissions, time spent, and health damages.
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Poliatykina, Larysa, Iryna Samoshkina, and Olena Slavkova. "ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF INSURANCE ACTIVITY OF SMALL BUSINESSES." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 5, no. 4 (October 29, 2019): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2019-5-4-197-202.

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The goal of the article is to summarize and highlight the main economic aspects of the development of insurance activities of small businesses in the countries of Eastern Europe. The small business performs a number of important economic and social tasks. The main arguments in favour of the features of the organization and operation of insurance activities of small businesses are considered. The purpose of the research. The purpose of this scientific research is to develop a methodological approach to the organization of insurance activities in small business and make proposals on the ways of their improvement. Insurance provides reliable protection of property interests of entrepreneurs and the population in case of losses caused by fire, natural disaster, technogenic accidents, traffic accidents, and many other unforeseen circumstances. Problem statement. In the economy of countries of Eastern Europe, there are a number of features of small business development. Entrepreneurship contributes to the expansion of the sector of employment, the creation of new employment opportunities for the unemployed population, and the dismissal of employees from enterprises, which operate inefficiently. Insurance provides reliable protection of property interests of entrepreneurs and the population in case of losses caused by fire, natural disaster, technogenic accidents, traffic accidents, and many other unforeseen circumstances. Insurance has proved itself as a form of accumulation of funds of citizens to solve their social problems (health, pensions, education, etc.). In recent years, insurance is widely used in the event of third-party liability. The issue on the problems of the organization of insurance activities of small businesses has been and is studied in detail in periodicals and special literature. Methodology. The analysis of the operation of small business and the features of its conduct was made during the study. The issues of the formation and operation of small business, as well as workflow management and business administration at these enterprises, are controversial. As a result of the research, the regulatory framework of the operation of insurance enterprises in the sphere of small business has been analysed. The article focuses on the main arguments in favour of the features of the organization and operation of insurance activities of small businesses. There is a need for the intensification of insurance activities. Practical implications. The study of scientific works and the practice of economic activity indicate that some of the theoretical provisions regarding the interpretation of the features of the organization and operation of insurance activities of small businesses are of a polemical character, and a number of important aspects of their organization, evaluation, and the methods of organization should be improved. Value/originality. The main directions of the insurance activity of small businesses in the global economy have been studied. The ways and directions of activation of insurance activities are offered. The strategy of the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the insurance sector in Ukraine is proposed. The strategy is aimed at ensuring the gradual development of insurance activities of small businesses, given the temporarily limited financial support and significant challenges in the economy of Eastern European countries.
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Roy, Nirmal Chandra. "Factors of Fatigue on Long-route Drivers in Bangladesh." Civil Engineering Beyond Limits 3, no. 3 (November 6, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.36937/cebel.2022.1726.

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In various studies, driver fatigue is a major contributing factor to fatal road accidents. In Bangladesh, road accidents and fatalities increased by 13.43% and 15.7% respectively, in 2021 compared with 2020. It is growing substantially and frighteningly, resulting in a significant loss of life and resources. Drivers in Bangladesh are more likely to have fatigue-related accidents, which increases their vulnerability on the social and economic aspects as well as their probability of becoming disabled. This study was conducted in three districts (Dinajpur, Gaibandha, Rajshahi) which are northwest region of Bangladesh. In these, study 103 drivers of long route above 400km were interviewed through discussions to gather information on drivers, such as their age, driving history, economic conditions, the times of day when they are most likely affected by fatigue, causes of fatigue, and suggestions from their perspective. The study found 17 factors and the most important factors are lack of sleep (17%), traffic jams (8%), police harassment (8%), bad road conditions (13%), daytime driving restriction (1%) and drug consumption (1%). This study will assist policymakers in creating an environment to adopt appropriate preventive measures to reduce fatigue induced accidents.
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Brunnauer, A. "Driving Ability and Psychotropic Drugs: Introduction, Epidemiology and General Aspects." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.212.

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Psychiatric illness, psychotropic drugs and driving ability. For most people driving is an important activity in daily life affecting physical, social, and economic well-being. Driving mobility is also an important part of one's self-identity that may influence health status. It could be demonstrated that 67% of psychiatric patients reported to have a valid driver's license and 77% of them referred to regularly use their cars. Closer inspection of data reveals, that road mobility is largely linked to psycho-functional status. In this context a significant issue is the impact of medical conditions and/or psychoactive medicines on road safety. Psychiatric patients, considered as a group, seem to have a moderately elevated risk of being involved in a road traffic accident with high-risk rates especially for organic mental disorders. With respect to pharmacotherapy, within psychotropic medicines an increased road traffic crash risk for benzodiazepines, z-hypnotics and some antidepressants has been well documented. The combination of psychoactive drugs additionally increases risk that is highest when combined with alcohol. However, therapeutic drug use may also lower risk, as the illness itself constitutes a higher risk of road traffic accidents. As many studies did not adequately control for confounding factors, results of epidemiological studies must be interpreted cautiously.Disclosure of interestThe author declares that he has no competing interest.
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Sosik, Katarzyna, and Stanisław Iwan. "The importance of traffic light signaling for improvement of road transport safety aspects." AUTOBUSY – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe 19, no. 6 (September 7, 2018): 249–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/atest.2018.073.

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Undertaking the subject of the application of telematic systems to improve the safety of road transport is caused by the increase of the mobility of the society, their transport needs, which in effect leads to the multiplication of the number of vehicles on the roads. The low level of construction of new roads and modernization of the existing ones is conducive to the occurrence of transport congestion, the number of accidents and road traffic difficulties, and has a negative impact on the natural environment. In the era of modern society, methods are sought that would minimize negative effects in the transport system, thereby increasing road safety. The purpose of this article is to analyse the use of Intelligent Traffic Light in the aspect of road safety. Traffic safety at intersections is reflected in indicators of dangerous situations with the participation of road users in its area. Hence, the selection of the research method and the place of the tests carried out. Implementation of telematic systems supports the construction of a secure road transport network. The authors of the article focused on the analysis of traffic hazards and their consequences in the form of wounded and dead people. In addition, the topic of safety in the road transport system was addressed very precisely, where it was discussed in terms of operation, economic, technical and environmental protection.
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Дженчако, Т. М. "CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL PREVENTION OF ROAD TRAFFIC INJURY." Juridical science 2, no. 4(106) (April 3, 2020): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.32844/2222-5374-2020-106-4-2.09.

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The article, based on the analysis of current legislation, available scientific, journalistic and methodological sources, including foreign experience, clarifies the essence, meaning and content of the principles of administrative and legal prevention of road traffic injuries as important regulators of road safety in the country. The characteristic of prevention of road traffic injuries which is offered to consider, first, as an important means of social regulation of road legal relations is carried out; secondly, as a system of social, economic, ideological, organizational and legal and psychological and pedagogical measures; third, as a combination of different levels of prevention activities carried out by general and special actors. The goals of road traffic injury prevention are to achieve and maintain the trend of reducing accidents, a positive change in its nature and structure. The concept of administrative and legal prevention of road traffic injuries as a methodologically complex social phenomenon, which covers a multilevel system of administrative and legal measures carried out by public authorities, local governments and individual civil society institutions through the use of delegated powers to identify the causes and conditions of administrative torts on road transport, which lead to road traffic injuries, to minimize or neutralize the impact of acts that give rise to such offenses, search for ways, means of effective influence on potential factors that determine road accidents. Emphasis is placed on the importance of principles as fundamental, guiding principles (requirements) of any important public-law activity, expressing the most significant aspects (manifestations) of implementation of measures of administrative and legal prevention of road traffic injuries and acting as official guidelines in the practice of counteracting administrative "road" torts.
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9

Bantjes, Jason, Sophia du Plessis, Ada Jansen, and Krige Siebrits. "Better Enforcement Is Essential, but May Be Inadequate: Findings of a Survey on the Factors Affecting Payment of Speeding Fines in Cape Town, South Africa." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (April 30, 2021): 5028. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13095028.

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While a large body of research has established that effective enforcement of speeding laws is essential for reducing the economic and social costs of road accidents, some studies have suggested that interventions aimed at moral beliefs about speeding and peer-related and other social contagion effects may be important complements to law enforcement activities. This article presents tentative evidence of the complementary nature of interventions to influence moral beliefs and steps to strengthen the enforcement of traffic laws. It does this by presenting and discussing the results of a survey that elicited information about the attitudes of motorists in Cape Town regarding speeding fines and aspects of the administration of traffic laws in South Africa. The self-reported fine-paying behaviour of the respondents correlates with instrumental factors shaped by the effectiveness of enforcement actions (e.g., compliance and monetary costs) as well as normative factors influenced by the moral beliefs of drivers and their social groups as well as the perceived legitimacy of traffic laws and officials. Regression results also provide evidence of a statistically significant relationship between the respondents’ self-reported fine-paying behaviour and their moral beliefs regarding payment of speeding fines.
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Maulana, Iqbal, Edi Purwanto, and Alif Anggriat. "Analisis Komparasi Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas Di Jalan Tol Cikopo – Palimanan Sebelum dan Pada Saat Pandemi Covid-19." Jurnal Penelitian Transportasi Darat 23, no. 2 (December 27, 2021): 184–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.25104/jptd.v23i2.1920.

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ABSTRACTComparative Analysis of Traffic Accidents on Cikopo–Palimanan Toll Roads Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Economic conditions, education and all aspects of Indonesian people's lives have been affected by the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic so that the government implemented a Large-Scale Social Restriction (PSBB) policy at the beginning of 2020. From 2019 to July 2020, through data from the West Java POLDA Satlantas police and Astra Infra Toll Cipali PT Lintas Marga Sedaya as toll road operators, there were 1,075 traffic accidents on toll roads. The purpose of this study was to compare the level and fatality of accidents before and during the Covid-19 pandemic and to find out the differences in traffic accident-prone locations on toll roads before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method used in this study is the variable rate of accidents, fatalities, traffic accident-prone locations using the HIRA (Hazard Identification Risk Assessment) analysis technique. The results of this study On Lane A of the Cikopo Palimanan Toll Road Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic, there were 2 (two) similar accident-prone locations while the other 11 (eleven) prone locations were different. On Lane B of the Cikopo Palimanan Toll Road Before and During the Covid-19Pandemic, there was 1 (one) same accident-prone location while the other 14 (fourteen) prone locations were different. Results of the study, it can be concluded that there are differences in the parameters of accident-prone locations and the level of traffic accidents, while the fatality rate of traffic accidents is no difference between before the Covid-19 pandemic and during the Covid-19pandemic. Based on the Analysis (Hazard Identification Risk Assessment) road infrastructure Toll roads, the highest risk value for traffic accidents on the Cikopo – Palimanan toll road is on lane A STA 75+700, 82+100, 90+900, 100+700, 111+500, 114+300, 123+800, 151+ 300,153+500, 164+700 on lane B STA 74+100, 185+000.Keywords: Traffic Prone Location, Comparison, Before and During Covid-19ABSTRAKKondisi perekonomian, pendidikan dan segala aspek kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia terdampak oleh munculnya pandemi Covid-19 sehingga pemerintah menerapkan kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) di awal tahun 2020. Pada tahun 2019 hingga Juli 2020 melalui data kepolisian Satlantas POLDA Jawa Barat dan Astra Infra Tol Cipali PT Lintas Marga Sedaya selaku operator jalan tol terdapat 1.075 Kejadian Kecelakaan lalu lintas di jalan tol. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membandingkan tingkat dan fatalitas kecelakaan sebelum dan pada saat pandemi Covid-19 serta Mengetahui perbedaan lokasi rawan kecelakaan lalu lintas di ruas jalan tol sebelum dan pada saat pandemi Covid-19. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah variabel tingkat kecelakaan, fatalitas, lokasi rawan kecelakaan lalu lintas menggunakan tekniki analisis HIRA (Hazard Identification Risk Assesment). Hasil penelitian ini Pada Jalur A Tol Cikopo Palimanan Sebelum dan Saat Pandemi Covid-19ada 2 (dua) lokasi rawan kecelakaan yang sama sedangkan 11 (sebelas) lokasi rawan yang lainnya berbeda. Pada Jalur B Tol Cikopo Palimanan Sebelum dan Saat Pandemi Covid-19ada 1 (satu) lokasi rawan kecelakaan yang sama sedangkan 14 (empat belas) lokasi rawan yang lainnya berbeda. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan pada parameter lokasi rawan kecelakaan dan tingkat kecelakaan lalu lintas, sedangkan tingkat fatalitas kecelakaan lalu lintas tidak ada perbedaan antara sebelum pandemi Covid-19 dan pada saat pandemi covid 19. Berdasarkan Analisis (Hazard Identification Risk Assesment) infrastruktur jalan tol diperoleh Nilai Risiko terjadinya kecelakaan lalu lintas di jalan tol Cikopo – Palimanan tertinggi yaitu pada jalur A STA 75+700, 82+100, 90+900, 100+700, 111+500, 114+300, 123+800, 151+300,153+500, 164+700 pada jalur B STA 74+100, 185+000.Kata kunci: Lokasi Rawan, Komparasi, Sebelum dan Saat Covid-19
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Cui, Yuanlong, Fan Zhang, Yiming Shao, Ssennoga Twaha, and Hui Tong. "Techno-Economic Comprehensive Review of State-of-the-Art Geothermal and Solar Roadway Energy Systems." Sustainability 14, no. 17 (September 2, 2022): 10974. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141710974.

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Road infrastructure is a vital constituent element in the transportation network; however, roadway surface ice and snow accumulation leads to huge traffic accidents in winter. Geothermal roadway energy systems (GRES) and solar roadway energy systems (SRES) can increase or decrease roadway surface temperature for the de-icing and removal of snow in winter, or mitigation of heat in summer. Technology performance and economic evaluation of the GRES and SRES are reviewed in this paper based on numerical and economic models, and experimental analyses. Three crucial aspects of the technology performance assessment, i.e., roadway surface temperature, energy consumption and key factors, are explored in different regions and countries. Economic evaluation approaches for net present values and payback periods of the GRES and SRES are investigated. The recommendations and potential future developments on the two technologies are deliberated; it is demonstrated that the GRES and SRES could increase roadway surface temperature by around 5 °C in winter and decrease it by about 6 °C in summer, with the payback periods of 4 to 8 years and 2.3 to 5 years, respectively.
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12

Semchenko, N. "RESEARCH OF THE ECONOMIC FACTORS IMPACT ON THE AUTOMOBILIZATION LEVEL." Municipal economy of cities 6, no. 159 (November 27, 2020): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2020-6-159-161-168.

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Mortality from road accidents continues to rise, amounting to 1.35 million deaths per year. It is emphasized that today injuries as a result of road accidents are the main cause of children death and young people aged 5-29 years and the three main causes of person’s death aged 5 to 44 years. Studies of road safety various aspects in different countries have shown that the world has long and steadily formed a global problem of irregular road accidents. First of all, the inverse dependence of the emergency risk on the material well-being of countries is clearly visible. The risk of death as a result of road accidents in low-income countries is three times higher than in high-income countries. The highest rates are in Africa (26.6 cases per 100,000 people) and the lowest in Europe (9.3 cases per 100,000 people). In addition, in recent years, experts are trying to link the actual accident rate in countries with the life quality of their populations. Quality of life as a concept includes not only the material level but also the satisfaction of spiritual needs, health, life expectancy, environmental conditions, moral and psychological climate, emotional comfort, etc., which ultimately determines the transport culture of the population. In this regard, it is of interest to identify links between the results of rating assessments of the people life quality in different countries and the level of these countries road safety typical. To do this, first of all it is necessary to assess the economic factors impact on the motorization level, which is insufficiently studied. The purpose is to determine the dependences of the economic factors impact, namely gross domestic product per capita and average wages, on the motorization level. The data for the study were taken from official statistical sources. The results were processed by methods of mathematical statistics and regression analysis. According to the results of the experiments, regression models were obtained for European countries; Asia and Oceania; The Middle East; Africa; North, Central America and the Caribbean; South America. The comparison of the simulated values and the initial data showed a high degree of correlation. The originality lies in the fact that the regularities of the economic factors influence on the motorization level are investigated, which makes it possible to obtain predicted values in the future. Improving the efficiency and safety of vehicles on the road network is possible based on the use of the motorization level predicted values in research. The obtained research results can be used to determine the feasibility of introducing certain measures to organize traffic.
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Aryani, Ine Kusuma. "INTEGRASI PENDIDIKAN LALU LINTAS DI SEKOLAH." Tunjuk Ajar: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Pendidikan 2, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jta.v2i1.40-54.

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Traffic and road transport has a strategic role to support national development and integration as part of efforts to promote public welfare as mandated by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. As part of a transportation system that has to be developed its potential and role to create security, safety, discipline and smooth traffic and road transportation in order to support economic development and the development of science and technology, in Law number 22 of 2009 concerning traffic and road transportation, it is explicitly stated that there is a sharpening of the formulation of principles and objectives, which is in addition to creating traffic and road transportation that is safe, secure, discipline, smooth and integrated with other transportation models, the Law aims at supporting the national economy, realizing public welfare and national unity, and upholding the dignity of the nation. Therefore, aspects of security and safety are a concern in realizing ethics and cultures in a cross-disciplined manner, through efforts of guidance and education from an early age in elementary schools in a sustainable manner so that it is expected to reduce the number of traffic accidents which tend to be dominated by school age. One reason is due to the many violations and less knowledge of legal awareness in traffic. Ethics and cultural of traffic is implemented in the teaching and learning process that is integrated through 2013 curriculum since early age with techniques and methods of learning that are conducive and correct with teaching materials for elementary school so they understand traffic procedures that can benefit themselves and others, and in the end can realize security, safety, order and smooth traffic.
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Baranyai, Dávid, and Tibor Sipos. "Black-Spot Analysis in Hungary Based on Kernel Density Estimation." Sustainability 14, no. 14 (July 7, 2022): 8335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14148335.

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Between 2010 and 2020 in the European Union, 30% of road accidents resulted in the death of a pedestrian or a cyclist. Accidents of unprotected pedestrians and cyclists are the reason why it is essential to introduce road safety measures. In our paper, we identify and rank black spots using an innovative reactive approach based on statistics. We elaborate on the mathematical methodological considerations through the processing of real-life empirical data in a Matlab environment. The applied black-spot analysis is based on a Kernel density estimate method, and the importance of the kernel functions and bandwidth are elaborated. Besides, special attention is devoted to the distorting effect of annual average daily traffic. The result of our research is a new methodology by which the real locations of the examined black spots can be determined. Furthermore, the boundaries of the critical sections and the extent of the formation of black spots can be determined by the introduced mathematical methods. With our innovative model, the black spots can be ranked, and the locations having the highest potential for improvement can be identified. Accordingly, optimal measures can be determined considering social-economic and sustainability aspects.
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Кулакова, Екатерина, Ekaterina Kulakova, Алексей Штепа, Aleksey Shtepa, Алексей Чернодубов, and Aleksey Chernodubov. "PROTECTIVE FOREST STRIPS ALONG AUTOMOTIVE ROADS." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 13, no. 4 (December 19, 2018): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5c3de3817c03d1.22631961.

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Despite the economic transformation in Russia, and the decline in the development of certain industries, the stability of the existence and development of social and economic relations depends on the freight and passenger turnover of the country. Shipping and passengers on public roads tends to increase, which leads to an increase in the proportion of all types of road transport on the road network. Transport, in addition to the positive aspects for the social and economic sphere, also has negative sides, in the form of a large number of traffic accidents, congestion situations and environmental pollution. At the present stage of the study of these negative aspects, ecology plays a special, important role, protecting the environment from the negative impact of transport. There is a need to protect the roadside area, which is able to provide cut-off of emissions of polluted substances into the air and a kind of noise and vibration protection near the road. This problem can be solved by creating protective plantings, since green plantings are the best are the best natural (inartificial) means of protection against air pollution, snow and sand drifts, noise and vibration, they provide architectural and artistic design along the roads. And, in addition to performing their main function - protection, they are of great practical importance along the regional and federal highways, since they have a beneficial effect on the growth conditions of agricultural crops, blocking the way for hot dry winds.
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Bruskova, L. A., and K. V. Kuznetsov. "Socio-Economic Risks of Carsharing Customers in the Moscow Megalopolis." Humanities and Social Sciences. Bulletin of the Financial University 10, no. 1 (November 3, 2020): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2020-10-1-38-45.

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The article presents the results of sociological research of socio-economic risks of carsharing customers in the Moscow megalopolis. Carsharing is considered as one of the new types of sharing economy stimulated our days both by information technologies development and postmodern values of people. Currently carsharing is progressing rapidly in the Russian capital that makes relevant its various aspects of the investigation. There is a real contradiction when, on the one hand, various paid services, including carsharing, are extending and on the other hand corresponding risks for people are growing too. The main goal of the research is discovering of socio-economic risks of Moscow carsharing customers both real and potential. The primary method of empirical sociological of carried out in April-May, 2019 is in-depth interviews with actual and potential customers of Moscow carsharing companies. The study reveals that both actual and potential carsharing customers have some fears related to technical and sanitary conditions of a rented car, traffic accidents, insurance, billing etc. At the same time, we found out that the shared usage of a car itself actual the customers more responsible. It studies that development of carsharing in Moscow is constrained mainly by subjective factors related to the mentality of Russians (fears, phobias) and by such factors as sufficiently low level of trust both to people and social institutions. Obtained results are correlated to the statements made by other researchers and let to map out directions of further study of this field.
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Filippova, Natal’a Valer’evna, Shakhla Tofig kyzy Azimova, and Rashad Ragif ogly Aliev. "The problem of alcohol consumption and the prerequisites of alcoholism development in medical students." Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii (Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery), no. 6 (June 16, 2022): 402–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-01-2206-03.

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In many parts of the world, alcohol use, especially among young people, is a growing concern. Excessive alcohol consumption has a negative impact on various social aspects of life, social well-being and economic development in general, leading to the development of a range of mental and physical diseases, as well as causing injuries from road traffic accidents, suicide attempts and acts of violence. The results of an anonymous survey among students of the Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky of the Ministry of Health of Russia showed that despite sufficient awareness of the dangers of alcohol, young people continue to drink alcoholic beverages. This fact confirms the need for state regulation of alcohol consumption at the national and global levels. The harmful effects of alcohol consumption among young people can be reduced through the use of proven technologies and strategies for the prevention of alcohol dependence on the part of the state and society.
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Parandika, I. Wayan, I. Nyoman Putu Budiartha, and Ni Made Puspa Sutari Ujianti. "Pelaksanaan Jaminan Sosial Bagi Korban Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas Jalan Pada Pt. Jasa Raharja Cabang Bali Wilayah Gianyar." Jurnal Preferensi Hukum 2, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 282–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jph.2.2.3323.282-287.

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The development of technology evolves every year. This affects the economic aspects of transportation services. It cannot be denied that every means of transportation has risks in its journey. In this case, there must be implementation in social security for accident victims. The purpose of this research is to reveal the implementation of social security for victims of traffic accidents as well as the obstacle factors in the implementation of road social security at PT. Raharja Bali Gianyar Region services for road traffic accident victims. The method used is empirical legal research with a conceptual and a case approach. Sources of legal materials used are secondary, primary and tertiary sources of law and then analyzed descriptively. The data collection technique was carried out by interviewing the victim and the victim's heirs. The result of this research is the implementation of social security for road traffic accident victims at PT. Jasa Raharja Bali, Gianyar Region is carried out in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations. Factors that hinder its implementation include: the community does not know the scope of the guarantees that are covered, the external obstacles, namely correspondence and administrative management, and obstacles from the side of accident victims who submit claims to receive compensation from PT Jasa Raharja, Bali, Gianyar Region namely, obstacles in determining heirs for accident victims who died existed in processing a Police Report which required sufficient witnesses
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ROBÈRT, MARKUS, and R. DANIEL JONSSON. "ASSESSMENT OF TRANSPORT POLICIES TOWARD FUTURE EMISSION TARGETS: A BACKCASTING APPROACH FOR STOCKHOLM 2030." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 08, no. 04 (December 2006): 451–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333206002578.

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Stockholm has set a target for greenhouse gas emissions in the year 2030, based on the United Nation's (IPCC) recommendations for an acceptable CO 2 level in the atmosphere. In this study we use a backcasting framework to analyze a range of specific transport policies and fuel technology related developments with respect to the emission target. Our study employs a transport modelling system, traditionally used for forecasts, to quantify the impacts of various travel demand measures (TDM). Our study shows that the change in travel demand, induced by various travel policies, will not suffice on its own to reach the target. Even if fuel price is tripled, a substantial share of renewable fuels is required for target achievement. While our study shows that travel demand measures have a fairly small effect on CO 2 emissions, it also hints at other compelling reasons for introducing such measures. Constructive strategies for the transport system would not only contribute to reduce risks with climate change. Even small reductions of transport volumes might imply large socio economic savings in traffic related costs, reduced emissions of substances with health impacts, fewer accidents, shorter travel times and higher travel time reliability. These aspects are arguably all part of a sustainable transport development.
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KUDINOV, DMYTRO V. "The outline of the history of automobile traffic in the early twentieth century in Sumy." SUMY HISTORICAL AND ARCHIVAL JOURNAL, no. 38 (2022): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/shaj.2022.i38.p.34.

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The purpose of the publication is to reveal the essence of automobile movement in Sumy as a social cause, to describe its main tendencies and indicate the role of individuals in the development of local motorism. The topicality of the research is preconditioned by the lack of scientific investigation on this topic, as well as the need to supplement the general picture of the development of motorism in the Russian Empire. Various aspects of automobile traffic in Sumy have been considered (the concept of “automobile movement” is indicated in the meaning of a social phenomenon): auto trade, auto repair, the introduction of local traffic rules, automobile accidents, the formation of a stratum of drivers and car owners, their participation in races and rallies. In particular, the businesses of the owner of the first car dealership in Sumy Kaidansky and his competitor Poguliaichenko are mentioned as well as the existence of the Gerenshtein-Yankovsky auto repair shop. The main traffic rules adopted by the Sumy City Duma in 1908 are specified. On the basis of reports of the local press, typical traffic violations with the participation of cars are analyzed: crashes with horse-drawn vehicles, speeding, drunk driving, cutting in buildings and pedestrians. Special attention is paid to the public organization of motorists – Sumy Automobile Club established in 1912. In particular, the main provisions of the club’s statute, the rights and obligations of its participants have been analyzed. The names of some of its members have been specified. The activity of the organization and its place in the all-Russian automobile traffic have been assessed. The role of Sumy passionaries of motorism – entrepreneurs Ivan Leshchinsky and Eduard Kaidansky is emphasized. In particular, their participation in races and runs is mentioned. At the same time, the Moscow – Berlin – Paris rally where the Kaidansky team took part on a Mitchell car is covered more widely. Also, the brands of cars of Leshchinsky’s garage are named and the preferences for the cars of the sugar producer Pavel Kharitonenko are revealed. The appearance of departmental cars at the Sumy district administration is analyzed, the need for their use in the economic needs of the local government is determined. The duties of the zemstvo in the use of transport to the military department are clarified. The names of some of the chauffeurs who worked for private individuals and in the zemstvo are identified.
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Dash, Chinmaya, Ayusman Satapathy, Sumit Bansal, and Rabi Narayan Sahu. "Neurotrauma at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar: An Overview." Indian Journal of Neurotrauma 16, no. 02/03 (August 2019): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3402822.

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Abstract Background The All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Bhubaneswar was established as an Institution of National Importance through the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (Amendment) Ordinance passed on July 16, 2012. It is estimated that road traffic accidents lead to economic loss to the tune of approximately 3% of gross domestic product. Centers of excellence for neurotrauma are the need of the hour, and the Indian Government is focusing on preventive and curative aspects of road traffic accidents to a great extent in the recent years. In this article, we would like to highlight the resources (manpower, infrastructure, etc.) available for neurotrauma, challenges ahead, and vision for the future. Trauma Audit A retrospective analysis of all the admitted patients of traumatic brain injury (TBI) was performed from November 2018 to October 2019. A total of 149 patients were admitted during this period. Of the 149 admitted patients, 88 had mild TBI, 39 had moderate TBI, and 22 had severe TBI. The mortality was highest in patients with severe TBI, with 45.45% mortality. A total of 29 patients with traumatic spine injury were admitted during this period. Of the 29 patients, 10 had cervical spine injury, 10 had dorsal spine injury, and 9 had lumbar spine injury. Of all these patients, two patients with cervical spine injury died of refractory shock. Perceived Limitations and Challenges Lack of dedicated round-the-clock emergency operating rooms (ORs) for neurosurgical procedures, adequate number of intensive care unit (ICU) beds, various gadgets in the ICU for neurocritical care, lack of rehabilitation facilities/center, lack of various OR gadgets, and lack of manpower, especially trained nursing staff, are the limitations perceived by us. Vision for the Future A trauma block has been approved, and work on it has begun. This shall greatly help in upgrading facilities for neurotrauma at AIIMS, Bhubaneswar. Conclusion Facilities for neurotrauma at AIIMS Bhubaneswar are gradually being upgraded. With a core team, the services are improving gradually. However, the institution is in its early years, and a lot more needs to be done in terms of manpower, gadgets, and infrastructure to further improve neurotrauma care at AIIMS, Bhubaneswar. This article may help in formulating guidelines for strengthening neurotrauma facilities in AIIMS, Bhubaneswar and all the new AIIMS established in India.
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Kopytkov, D., and G. Samchuk. "APPLICATION OF QUESTIONNAIRE AND INSTRUMENTAL METHODS FOR STUDYING THE FATIGUE OF URBAN TRANSPORTATION USERS." Municipal economy of cities 4, no. 171 (October 17, 2022): 191–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2022-4-171-191-200.

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Mass transit is the main component of an urban environment to determine both the pace of its development and the living standard of population. Along with the obvious advantages of urban transportation, there are also social negative effects, among which the losses from environmental and noise pollution, traffic accidents and travel fatigue should be taken into account. Unlike the first three undesired consequences, for which evaluation methods have been developed under existing conditions, travel fatigue demonstrates a poorly studied result of the urban transportation functioning. In the spheres of material and non-material production the negative social and economic travel fatigue results can be seen as a decrease in the work productivity and quality (increased product defects), increase in the level of industrial injuries, occupational diseases, adaptation time ("working-in") to the working environment and even as a workplace aggression. In everyday life, travel fatigue can be revealed as an apathy, inactivity, absent-mindedness, bad mood, memory impairment, and a decrease in the body's resistance to various diseases. Based on the techniques of travel fatigue studying, a questionnaire method has been presented and quantitatively estimated from the reliability and validity viewpoint by mathematical statistics. Reliability and validity valuation results indicated an acceptable correlation ratio (>0.8) to consider this approach as a measure of travel fatigue expressed as a passenger’s adaptation time to workplace. The use of the "workplace adaptation time" indicator allows determining the travel fatigue regardless of the field of material or non-material production, to which passengers should be classified as employees. For the sampling volume of 80 observations, the average adaptation time is 18.2 minutes, which is statistically significant and non-random according to the t-statistics. The adaptation time value can be used to find economic losses of the travel fatigue and to select the type and number of fixed-route vehicles, traffic headways and other socially significant mass transit operation parameters which is the direction of further research. Promising aspects of the research are also improving the survey quality by increasing the sampling size and distributing the questionnaires in other cities to identify the stable trends in the passenger’s travel fatigue formation. Keywords: fatigue, questionnaire, reliability, validity, correlation coefficient, effect
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Li, Weixi, Geordie S. Roscoe, Zhipeng Zhang, M. Rapik Saat, and Christopher P. L. Barkan. "Quantitative Analysis of the Derailment Characteristics of Loaded and Empty Unit Trains." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 10 (November 29, 2018): 156–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118810780.

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Operation of unit trains has grown substantially over the past half century owing to their ability to provide economic and efficient transportation of bulk products. Although various aspects of train safety have been studied, there has been limited research examining the effect of train loading conditions on derailment occurrence, cause and severity. An algorithm was developed to identify derailments of loaded and empty unit trains on mainlines and sidings recorded in the Federal Railroad Administration database. A dataset of these accidents for the 15-year period of 2001–2015 was developed and analyzed. The frequency of derailments for both loaded and empty unit trains declined by more than 50%. The average number of cars derailed per accident fluctuated for both loading conditions, but showed no particular trend. Approximately five times more loaded unit train derailments were recorded in the database than empty unit trains, but in the absence of specific unit train traffic data, inferences about rates are not possible. Loaded unit trains were more than four times heavier than empty unit trains and loaded train derailments tended to involve more cars than empty trains. The distribution of derailment causes differed for loaded and empty unit trains. Loaded trains most frequently derailed because of broken rails and welds, while the leading cause of empty train derailments was obstructions, in particular severe weather. Over 90% of the derailments of loaded and empty unit trains considered in this study occurred on mainline tracks, and the distribution of causes differed between mainline and siding tracks.
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Payal Sudhakar Kamdi and Meena Shamrao Deogade. "The hidden positive effects of COVID-19 pandemic." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL1 (August 4, 2020): 276–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl1.2712.

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The Coronavirus disease spread like fire, and millions of cases have been reported worldwide, and thousands have died. So, many countries around the globe ordered lockdown to stop the spread of the Coronavirus, which caused significant economic fallout. But every incident has two aspects, positive and negative. This article aimed to study the positive effects of COVID-19 pandemic on some specific factors and to study this topic, datais collected from various websites, web blogs, newspapers and reports on the internet. This pandemic enforced the cancellation or postponement of multiple events, which leads to a reduction in travelling and subsequently there were fewer vehicles on the road, which leads to a decrease in air and water pollution. Road traffic accidents and crime rate had come down suddenly. Due to lockdown, there was a reduction in transportation and industrial activity which allowed Mother Nature to recharge and replenish. Due to lockdown, people spent quality time with their family, fulfilled their hobbies, learnt many new skills and understood the importance of sanitation, hand hygiene and social distancing. This pandemic is a lesson for us to learn many new things. This crisis revealed that there is a need to improve our healthcare system and clinical researches. Immunity of an individual can play an important role to fight these kinds of viral diseases, and these diseases can be avoided by simply following the basic concepts of the Ayurveda. This lockdown showed the short-term depletion in greenhouse gas emissions, but this is not an option for long-lasting climate change, and we have to think about a sustainable solution to save the environment.
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Pugachev, Igor, Aleksey Kamenchukov, Valentin Shcheglov, and Nina Smirnova. "Technical, economic and social aspects when choosing an effective solution for improving traffic in cities." Russian journal of transport engineering 7, no. 2 (June 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.15862/24sats220.

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The national project “Safe and high-quality roads” is aimed at the development, creation and effective use of intelligent transport systems. Today, there are many technical solutions to improve road safety, as well as optimize the process of organizing traffic. Often, these solutions lie not only in the plane of design, in the use of technical means for organizing traffic, in reconstruction of the existing street-road network, but also in the use of intelligent transport systems. The article has developed a concept for the development of a road-road network in Khabarovsk, in connection with the adoption by the Government of the Khabarovsk Territory of a decision on the construction of a transport interchange at the intersection of Voronezh-Bolshaya Streets in Khabarovsk, as part of the national project “Safe and High-Quality Roads” in the Khabarovsk Territory. The collection and analysis of statistical data, over a five-year period, on the types of frequency of occurrence of reported road traffic accidents. Visual and grapho-analytical methods identified the focus of the concentration of traffic accidents at the considered site of the road network of the city of Khabarovsk. Based on the method of conflict points, factors that influence the accident rate of an existing section of the road are studied. Several options for improving the quality and safety of traffic are considered: changing the number of lanes, regulating the traffic light, building a multi-level traffic intersection. Using modern software systems, based on methods of mathematical modeling, for several options developed models of traffic flows, identified the maximum possible comfortable and safe traffic conditions. Substantiated recommendations are given for improving the quality and safety of road traffic by improving the existing road situation.
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KILIÇ, İsmet, Meral ÖZARSLAN YATAK, and Fecir DURAN. "Critical Aspects and Technology of Fixed Automated Spray Technology System." Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Part C: Tasarım ve Teknoloji, December 30, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29109/gujsc.1116292.

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Fixed automated spray technology (FAST) has been used for years in practice and theory both in Turkey and globally as an alternative to conventional method for struggle against snow and ice on highway superstructure. The purpose of FAST system is a proactive approach to reduce or even eliminate the impact of snow and ice factors that negatively affect the skid resistance on highway superstructure. This approach also plays an important role in decreasing the traffic accidents occurring on highways, prolonging the service life of the construction and minimizing the damage to the environment caused by conventional system. In light of this information, in this study, critical aspects of FAST system, its components, technological features, design and installation in terms of environmental factors are investigated. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of the system in struggle against snow and ice have been revealed. As a result, superiority of FAST, which is a product of a multidisciplinary study, in prevention of accidents caused by low skid resistance on the highway for struggle against snow and ice over the conventional methods, economic evaluation of FAST system, assessment of the components as technically, and criteria of determination of FAST components are put forward.
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Farooq, Danish, and Tayyab Akram. "Traffic Flow Analysis and Solutions to Ease Traffic Flow at Unsignalized Taxila Intersection." Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering, January 10, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/pptr.10415.

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Transportation system of a city affects all aspects of its citizen’s economic and personal activities. At a general level, the traffic problem considered as a situation of mismatch between supply (i.e., roads and their capacity) and demands (i.e., travel needs). The city administrators have tried to balance it by creating infrastructures (e.g., new roads, expanding capacity, under pass) or policy changes (e.g., banning heavy traffic movement during peak or day hours). Major problems that motorists are facing on highways intersection are congestion, accidents, and costs. Too many automobiles, trucks, buses, bicycles, and pedestrians are attempting to use the same space to reach their destiny. N-5 (major highway in Pakistan) passes through Taxila where at some intersection extreme traffic congestion sets in. Transportation problems are evident at some locations with complex roadway geometrics. So a traffic study is to be conducted to quantify the extent of transportation problems. This study aims to gain information and understanding about traffic system through the derivation of traffic information from traffic data, and then to apply this information in the assessment of the performance of traffic systems and their interaction with land use activities. This research is an effort to provide suggestion and recommendations to enforce an efficient traffic flow system.
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"Cyber-Physical Spatial Decision Support System for Road Traffic Management." Journal of Ubiquitous Systems and Pervasive Networks 07, no. 2 (November 2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5383/juspn.07.02.001.

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Nowadays, most of growing cities in the world are witnessing an unprecedented increase in road traffic congestion because of population mobility and sporadic events like accidents and natural disasters. As these congestions generally result in substantial casualties and economic losses, tremendous investments are being spent on efficient solutions for road traffic management. Abundant works have proposed solutions to help road traffic stakeholders in making decisions about ongoing events at the individual and collective levels. However, not enough success is yet achieved when it comes to collecting, processing, and delivering the right data, from the right location, at the right time to the right user. We argue in this paper that the divide should be effectively closed between a real world where road traffic and its related events are happening and a world where decisions are being taken. To this end, we propose to use the emergent technologies of Cyber Physical Systems along with multi-agent system mechanisms for additional autonomy, flexibility, and control of the different aspects of the highly dynamic and uncertain field of road traffic management. Within this scope, we propose an architecture of a Cyber Physical Spatial Decision Support System (CPSDSS) through which we explain how various road traffic challenges could be monitored and controlled
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Agarwal, Apoorva Kumar, Samarth Shukla, and Sourya Acharya. "Pattern-based Approach to the Interpretation of Skeletal Muscle Biopsies." Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, December 29, 2021, 413–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i63a35901.

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Muscle excisional is a very persistently complete and programmed idiosyncratic repetition, accomplished by many doctors all over the globe who treat sufferers presumed to be caused by the muscular disorder. Muscle excisional is vital in giving a particular reason for various neuromuscular disorders. Excisional results habitually give us the convinced sum of clues that the given pathological syndrome is of the neurogenic or myopathic source. Tertiary care hospitals are highly specialized medical care units and have advanced medical instruments, procedures, and treatment done in a state of the art and good facilities. Tertiary care hospitals have modern treatment technology. The causality or emergencies of these hospitals is mostly road traffic accident and severe traumas. Treatment is done in the tertiary care center. It is more accurate and finely done than other hospitals and care units. In lower-income countries, the estimated cost is roughly is 1-2% of countries gross. India is among the developing nations that experience the highest rate of road accidents attending casualty in the tertiary care center. Inefficient road traffic accidents cause a massive impact on the country’s socio-economic development. The overall tertiary care center is best for treatment for a road accident. Road traffic accident problems arise due to poor road construction and improper traffic rules while driving. The muscle excisional usually provides valuable hints on the data on the course of the syndrome (acute or chronic) and tells us the phase of the ailment and its development nearby. Different muscle excisional outcomes, which involve histochemical and ultrastructural analyses, are very useful in diagnosing muscular dystrophies, glycogenosis, inflammatory myopathies, and congenital myopathies. Even if the practice is straightforward and not much complicated, the clinician wants to map in advance, recognize a squad, establish if most experts are required and conclude how a lot of cloth will be required for giving out, and then administer the collected works and liberation of the tissues to avert relic and make the surreal evaded class outcome. Finally, maintain high-quality statement and well-built functioning associations with surgeons, dispensation, and orientation labs. The neuropathologist will certify the thoroughgoing worth penalties and liver mainstream categorization from a muscle excisional. This review article demonstrates the clues that a muscle excisional delivers; it also delivers a step-by-step checkbook describing the various aspects of the muscle excisional and its procedure.
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Othman, Abdul Ghapar, and Kausar Hj. Ali. "TRANSPORTATION AND QUALITY OF LIFE." PLANNING MALAYSIA 18, no. 13 (July 20, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.21837/pm.v18i13.774.

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Transportation is one of the key indicators used to measure the Quality of Life of people especially those living in the urban area. Many aspects of transportation are very significant as they have the power to directly influence our way of life in search for a better Quality of Life. Many Malaysians depend on private vehicle transportations to cater their daily travel needs which inevitably leads to an over infiltration of vehicles into the urban area. Automobile dependency has always been viewed as a potential threat to Malaysia’s urban areas, as it contributes to the increase in traffic congestion, higher accidents rate, inefficient usage of urban land, environmental pollution, adverse economic impacts, urban sprawling and reduces the overall quality of public transportation. All these negative impacts deteriorate the quality of life of urban dwellers. This chapter will discuss Malaysia's urban transportation in general, focusing on the struggle between private and public transportation usage and the impacts of automobile dependency towards the urban dwellers’ Quality of Life; as well as putting forward possible strategies and measures in an attempt to provide a balanced urban transportation system.
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Snishchenko, Roman. "FACTORS OF IMPACT ON TRANSPORTATION IN THE CONTEXT OF ECONOMIC SECURITY." Intellect XXІ, no. 6, 2021 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2415-8801/2021-6.8.

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In articles identified and investigated the main factors inhibiting the increase in freight traffic, identified the main measures to minimize them. The object of study is the economic processes of business entities in their operation under the influence of destabilizing factors. The subject of research are scientific-theoretical and practical aspects of transport management. The study used general and special research methods: the method of critical analysis, scientific abstraction and generalization of scientific experience of modern theoretical research, system-integrated approach. It is noted that the main causes of transport threats to the economic security of enterprises are: reduction of rail transportation due to reduced production of coal, ore, oil and gas condensate, wear and tear of material and technical base; the problem of increasing the volume of road transport due to extremely low quality and low capacity of domestic roads, the limited number of large transport companies and the relatively high cost of transport services due to the high cost of fuel; high cost of transportation by sea, river and air transport due to low renewable material and technical base and neglected infrastructure, especially for river transport; strengthening of external economic risks that affect the partnership relations of enterprises, which arose as a result of the military conflict in Donetsk and Luhansk regions and due to the loss of Crimea; inefficiency of the state policy on development of business, counteraction to corruption and legalization of the proceeds of crime. It is noted that Ukraine’s dependence on car imports is one of the determining factors in the growth of the negative balance in foreign trade in goods and the main one in foreign trade in transport engineering products; as a result of staffing of motor transport enterprises with low-skilled personnel, accidents and injuries on motor transport increase. Emphasis is placed on the need to develop and adopt at the state level a single methodology for minimizing transport threats, taking into account modern challenges, which will reduce the technical and technological lag behind the development of transport infrastructure in Ukraine.
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Hermawan, Herry. "MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PERFORMANCE MODEL BASED ON SAFETY TRANSPORTATION, PERIODIC TRANSPORTATION TEST, BEHAVIOR, AND SATISFACTION IN CIREBON CITY." Journal of Green Science and Technology 4, no. 2 (May 6, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.33603/jgst.v4i2.3446.

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The development of cities in Indonesia is marked by the high number of commuters (commuters) who travel between the main city and the surrounding city or district (hinterland) or between regions within a city due to an increase in population, population activities, types of services, and the relative functioning of the economy national and regional level of a country..       Transportation problems and challenges are multi-dimensional between transportation systems and urban systems, both operational, management and policy aspects. Urban transport policies that care about sustainable development in developing countries are very complex, but can be studied especially in the public transportation system because it is more possible when compared to private transport at this time.       In Indonesia, the number of motorized vehicles is increasing every year. The addition of that number in 2012 reached 10,036 million units, resulting in the population recorded in the Indonesian National Police increased 12% to 94.292 million units compared to only 84.19 million in 2011 (Kurniawan, 2013). Based on data from the National Police also stated that in 2012 there were 109,038 accident cases with 27,441 people died. Different data from the Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs and People's Welfare of the Republic of Indonesia states that motorcycle rider accidents have reached 120,226 times or 72% of all traffic accidents in a year. Most accident cases occur in people with lower middle economic level as motorcycle and public transportation users (State Intelligence Agency, 2013).       As released by WHO (World Health Organization), of all accidents that occur on the highway, the human error factor (human error) has the highest contribution, reaching between 80-90 percent compared to the factor of vehicle vehicle improperities ranging from 5-10 percent, as well as due to damage to road infrastructure by 10-20 percent (DG Hubdat, 2010). Vehicle facilities that often occur are less than 1 millimeter of tire grooves resulting in vehicle skid or tire breaks, brakes failing, metal fatigue resulting in broken vehicle parts, worn equipment not replaced, and various other causes. This is very much related to the technology used and the care done to the vehicle. One of the government's efforts to improve road safety is through safety vehicle action programs such as compliance with vehicle operations, organizing periodic and type test repair procedures, handling overloading, vehicle scrapping, and developing motor vehicle design that aims to improve vehicle safety technology (DG Hubdat, 2013).Keywords:Transportation Performance, User Satisfaction.
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Chavdarov, Anatoliy V. "Special Issue No. – 10, June, 2020 Journal > Special Issue > Special Issue No. – 10, June, 2020 > Page 5 “Quantative Methods in Modern Science” organized by Academic Paper Ltd, Russia MORPHOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL FEATURES OF THE GENUS GAGEA SALISB., GROWING IN THE EAST KAZAKHSTAN REGION Authors: Zhamal T. Igissinova,Almash A. Kitapbayeva,Anargul S. Sharipkhanova,Alexander L. Vorobyev,Svetlana F. Kolosova,Zhanat K. Idrisheva, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00041 Abstract: Due to ecological preferences among species of the genus GageaSalisb, many plants are qualified as rare and/or endangered. Therefore, the problem of rational use of natural resources, in particular protection of early spring plant species is very important. However, literary sources analysis only reveals data on the biology of species of this genus. The present research,conducted in the spring of 2017-2019, focuses on anatomical and morphological features of two Altai species: Gagealutea and Gagea minima; these features were studied, clarified and confirmed by drawings and photographs. The anatomical structure of the stem and leaf blade was studied in detail. The obtained research results will prove useful for studies of medicinal raw materials and honey plants. The aforementioned species are similar in morphological features, yet G. minima issmaller in size, and its shoots appear earlier than those of other species Keywords: Flora,gageas,Altai species,vegetative organs., Refference: I. Atlas of areas and resources of medicinal plants of Kazakhstan.Almaty, 2008. II. Baitenov M.S. Flora of Kazakhstan.Almaty: Ġylym, 2001. III. DanilevichV. G. ThegenusGageaSalisb. of WesternTienShan. PhD Thesis, St. Petersburg,1996. IV. EgeubaevaR.A., GemedzhievaN.G. The current state of stocks of medicinal plants in some mountain ecosystems of Kazakhstan.Proceedings of the international scientific conference ‘”Results and prospects for the development of botanical science in Kazakhstan’, 2002. V. Kotukhov Yu.A. New species of the genus Gagea (Liliaceae) from Southern Altai. Bot. Journal.1989;74(11). VI. KotukhovYu.A. ListofvascularplantsofKazakhstanAltai. Botan. Researches ofSiberiaandKazakhstan.2005;11. VII. KotukhovYu. The current state of populations of rare and endangered plants in Eastern Kazakhstan. Almaty: AST, 2009. VIII. Kotukhov Yu.A., DanilovaA.N., AnufrievaO.A. Synopsisoftheonions (AlliumL.) oftheKazakhstanAltai, Sauro-ManrakandtheZaisandepression. BotanicalstudiesofSiberiaandKazakhstan. 2011;17: 3-33. IX. Kotukhov, Yu.A., Baytulin, I.O. Rareandendangered, endemicandrelictelementsofthefloraofKazakhstanAltai. MaterialsoftheIntern. scientific-practical. conf. ‘Sustainablemanagementofprotectedareas’.Almaty: Ridder, 2010. X. Krasnoborov I.M. et al. The determinant of plants of the Republic of Altai. Novosibirsk: SB RAS, 2012. XI. Levichev I.G. On the species status of Gagea Rubicunda. Botanical Journal.1997;6:71-76. XII. Levichev I.G. A new species of the genus Gagea (Liliaceae). Botanical Journal. 2000;7: 186-189. XIII. Levichev I.G., Jangb Chang-gee, Seung Hwan Ohc, Lazkovd G.A.A new species of genus GageaSalisb.(Liliaceae) from Kyrgyz Republic (Western Tian Shan, Chatkal Range, Sary-Chelek Nature Reserve). Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity.2019; 12: 341-343. XIV. Peterson A., Levichev I.G., Peterson J. Systematics of Gagea and Lloydia (Liliaceae) and infrageneric classification of Gagea based on molecular and morphological data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.2008; 46. XV. Peruzzi L., Peterson A., Tison J.-M., Peterson J. Phylogenetic relationships of GageaSalisb.(Liliaceae) in Italy, inferred from molecular and morphological data matrices. Plant Systematics and Evolution; 2008: 276. XVI. Rib R.D. Honey plants of Kazakhstan. Advertising Digest, 2013. XVII. Scherbakova L.I., Shirshikova N.A. Flora of medicinal plants in the vicinity of Ust-Kamenogorsk. Collection of materials of the scientific-practical conference ‘Unity of Education, Science and Innovation’. Ust-Kamenogorsk: EKSU, 2011. XVIII. syganovA.P. PrimrosesofEastKazakhstan. Ust-Kamenogorsk: EKSU, 2001. XIX. Tsyganov A.P. Flora and vegetation of the South Altai Tarbagatay. Berlin: LAP LAMBERT,2014. XX. Utyasheva, T.R., Berezovikov, N.N., Zinchenko, Yu.K. ProceedingsoftheMarkakolskStateNatureReserve. Ust-Kamenogorsk, 2009. XXI. Xinqi C, Turland NJ. Gagea. Flora of China.2000;24: 117-121. XXII. Zarrei M., Zarre S., Wilkin P., Rix E.M. Systematic revision of the genus GageaSalisb. (Liliaceae) in Iran.BotJourn Linn Soc.2007;154. XXIII. Zarrei M., Wilkin P., Ingroille M.J., Chase M.W. A revised infrageneric classification for GageaSalisb. (Tulipeae; Liliaceae): insights from DNA sequence and morphological data.Phytotaxa.2011:5. View | Download INFLUENCE OF SUCCESSION CROPPING ON ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF NO-TILL CROP ROTATIONS Authors: Victor K. Dridiger,Roman S. Stukalov,Rasul G. Gadzhiumarov,Anastasiya A. Voropaeva,Viktoriay A. Kolomytseva, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00042 Abstract: This study was aimed at examining the influence of succession cropping on the economic efficiency of no-till field crop rotations on the black earth in the zone of unstable moistening of the Stavropol krai. A long-term stationary experiment was conducted to examine for the purpose nine field crop rotation patterns different in the number of fields (four to six), set of crops, and their succession in crop rotation. The respective shares of legumes, oilseeds, and cereals in the cropping pattern were 17 to 33, 17 to 40, and 50 to 67 %. It has been established that in case of no-till field crop cultivation the economic efficiency of plant production depends on the set of crops and their succession in rotation. The most economically efficient type of crop rotation is the soya-winter wheat-peas-winter wheat-sunflower-corn six-field rotation with two fields of legumes: in this rotation 1 ha of crop rotation area yields 3 850 grain units per ha at a grain unit prime cost of 5.46 roubles; the plant production output return and profitability were 20,888 roubles per ha and 113 %, respectively. The high production profitabilities provided by the soya-winter wheat-sunflower four-field and the soya-winter-wheat-sunflower-corn-winter wheat five-field crop rotation are 108.7 and 106.2 %, respectively. The inclusion of winter wheat in crop rotation for two years in a row reduces the second winter wheat crop yield by 80 to 100 %, which means a certain reduction in the grain unit harvesting rate to 3.48-3.57 thousands per ha of rotation area and cuts the production profitability down to 84.4-92.3 %. This is why, no-till cropping should not include winter wheat for a second time Keywords: No-till technology,crop rotation,predecessor,yield,return,profitability, Refference: I Badakhova G. Kh. and Knutas A. V., Stavropol Krai: Modern Climate Conditions [Stavropol’skiykray: sovremennyyeklimaticheskiyeusloviya]. Stavropol: SUE Krai Communication Networks, 2007. II Cherkasov G. N. and Akimenko A. S. Scientific Basis of Modernization of Crop Rotations and Formation of Their Systems according to the Specializations of Farms in the Central Chernozem Region [Osnovy moderniz atsiisevooborotoviformirovaniyaikh sistem v sootvetstvii so spetsi-alizatsiyeykhozyaystvTsentral’nogoChernozem’ya]. Zemledelie. 2017; 4: 3-5. III Decree 330 of July 6, 2017 the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia “On Approving Coefficients of Converting to Agricultural Crops to Grain Units [Ob utverzhdeniikoeffitsiyentovperevoda v zernovyyee dinitsysel’s kokhozyaystvennykhkul’tur]. IV Dridiger V. K., About Methods of Research of No-Till Technology [O metodikeissledovaniytekhnologii No-till]//Achievements of Science and Technology of AIC (Dostizheniyanaukiitekhniki APK). 2016; 30 (4): 30-32. V Dridiger V. K. and Gadzhiumarov R. G. Growth, Development, and Productivity of Soya Beans Cultivated On No-Till Technology in the Zone of Unstable Moistening of Stavropol Region [Rost, razvitiyeiproduktivnost’ soiprivozdelyvaniipotekhnologii No-till v zone ne-ustoychivog ouvlazhneniyaStavropol’skogokraya]//Oil Crops RTBVNIIMK (Maslichnyyekul’turyNTBVNIIMK). 2018; 3 (175): 52–57. VI Dridiger V. K., Godunova E. I., Eroshenko F. V., Stukalov R. S., Gadzhiumarov, R. G., Effekt of No-till Technology on erosion resistance, the population of earthworms and humus content in soil (Vliyaniyetekhnologii No-till naprotivoerozionnuyuustoychivost’, populyatsiyudozhdevykhcherveyisoderzhaniyegumusa v pochve)//Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2018; 9 (2): 766-770. VII Karabutov A. P., Solovichenko V. D., Nikitin V. V. et al., Reproduction of Soil Fertility, Productivity and Energy Efficiency of Crop Rotations [Vosproizvodstvoplodorodiyapochv, produktivnost’ ienergeticheskayaeffektivnost’ sevooborotov]. Zemledelie. 2019; 2: 3-7. VIII Kulintsev V. V., Dridiger V. K., Godunova E. I., Kovtun V. I., Zhukova M. P., Effekt of No-till Technology on The Available Moisture Content and Soil Density in The Crop Rotation [Vliyaniyetekhnologii No-till nasoderzhaniyedostupnoyvlagiiplotnost’ pochvy v sevoob-orote]// Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2017; 8 (6): 795-99. IX Kulintsev V. V., Godunova E. I., Zhelnakova L. I. et al., Next-Gen Agriculture System for Stavropol Krai: Monograph [SistemazemledeliyanovogopokoleniyaStavropol’skogokraya: Monogtafiya]. Stavropol: AGRUS Publishers, Stavropol State Agrarian University, 2013. X Lessiter Frank, 29 reasons why many growers are harvesting higher no-till yields in their fields than some university scientists find in research plots//No-till Farmer. 2015; 44 (2): 8. XI Rodionova O. A. Reproduction and Exchange-Distributive Relations in Farming Entities [Vosproizvodstvoiobmenno-raspredelitel’nyyeotnosheniya v sel’skokhozyaystvennykhorganizatsiyakh]//Economy, Labour, and Control in Agriculture (Ekonomika, trud, upravleniye v sel’skomkhozyaystve). 2010; 1 (2): 24-27. XII Sandu I. S., Svobodin V. A., Nechaev V. I., Kosolapova M. V., and Fedorenko V. F., Agricultural Production Efficiency: Recommended Practices [Effektivnost’ sel’skokhozyaystvennogoproizvodstva (metodicheskiyerekomendatsii)]. Moscow: Rosinforagrotech, 2013. XIII Sotchenko V. S. Modern Corn Cultivation Technologies [Sovremennayatekhnologiyavozdelyvaniya]. Moscow: Rosagrokhim, 2009. View | Download DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF AUTONOMOUS PORTABLE SEISMOMETER DESIGNED FOR USE AT ULTRALOW TEMPERATURES IN ARCTIC ENVIRONMENT Authors: Mikhail A. Abaturov,Yuriy V. Sirotinskiy, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00043 Abstract: This paper is concerned with solving one of the issues of the general problem of designing geophysical equipment for the natural climatic environment of the Arctic. The relevance of the topic has to do with an increased global interest in this region. The paper is aimed at considering the basic principles of developing and the procedure of testing seismic instruments for use at ultralow climatic temperatures. In this paper the indicated issue is considered through the example of a seismic module designed for petroleum and gas exploration by passive seismoacoustic methods. The seismic module is a direct-burial portable unit of around 5 kg in weight, designed to continuously measure and record microseismic triaxial orthogonal (ZNE) noise in a range from 0.1 to 45 Hz during several days in autonomous mode. The functional chart of designing the seismic module was considered, and concrete conclusions were made for choosing the necessary components to meet the ultralow-temperature operational requirements. The conclusions made served for developing appropriate seismic module. In this case, the components and tools used included a SAFT MP 176065 xc low-temperature lithium cell, industrial-spec electronic component parts, a Zhaofeng Geophysical ZF-4.5 Chinese primary electrodynamic seismic sensor, housing seal parts made of frost-resistant silicone materials, and finely dispersed silica gel used as water-retaining sorbent to avoid condensation in the housing. The paper also describes a procedure of low-temperature collation tests at the lab using a New Brunswick Scientific freezing plant. The test results proved the operability of the developed equipment at ultralow temperatures down to -55°C. In addition, tests were conducted at low microseismic noises in the actual Arctic environment. The possibility to detect signals in a range from 1 to 10 Hz at the level close to the NLNM limit (the Peterson model) has been confirmed, which allows monitoring and exploring petroleum and gas deposits by passive methods. As revealed by this study, the suggested approaches are efficient in developing high-precision mobile seismic instruments for use at ultralow climatic temperatures. The solution of the considered instrumentation and methodical issues is of great practical significance as a constituent of the generic problem of Arctic exploration. Keywords: Seismic instrumentation,microseismic monitoring,Peterson model,geological exploration,temperature ratings,cooling test, Refference: I. AD797: Ultralow Distortion, Ultralow Noise Op Amp, Analog Devices, Inc., Data Sheet (Rev. K). Analog Devices, Inc. URL: https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/AD797.pdf(Date of access September 2, 2019). II. Agafonov, V. M., Egorov, I. V., and Shabalina, A. S. Operating Principles and Technical Characteristics of a Small-Sized Molecular–Electronic Seismic Sensor with Negative Feedback [Printsipyraboty I tekhnicheskiyekharakteristikimalogabaritnogomolekulyarno-elektronnogoseysmodatchika s otritsatel’noyobratnoysvyaz’yu]. SeysmicheskiyePribory (Seismic Instruments). 2014; 50 (1): 1–8. DOI: 10.3103/S0747923914010022. III. Antonovskaya, G., Konechnaya, Ya.,Kremenetskaya, E., Asming, V., Kvaema, T., Schweitzer, J., Ringdal, F. Enhanced Earthquake Monitoring in the European Arctic. Polar Science. 2015; 1 (9): 158-167. 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Chao Xu, Junbo Wang, Deyong Chen, Jian Chen, Bowen Liu, Wenjie Qi, XichenZheng, Hua Wei, Guoqing Zhang. The Electrochemical Seismometer Based on a Novel Designed.Sensing Electrode for Undersea Exploration. 20th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems &Eurosensors XXXIII (TRANSDUCERS &EUROSENSORS XXXIII). IEEE, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/TRANSDUCERS.2019.8808450. VIII. Chebotareva, I. Ya. New algorithms of emission tomography for passive seismic monitoring of a producing hydrocarbon deposit: Part I. Algorithms of processing and numerical simulation [Novyye algoritmyemissionnoyto mografiidlyapassivnogoseysmicheskogomonitoringarazrabatyvayemykhmestorozhdeniyuglevodorodov. Chast’ I: Algoritmyobrabotki I chislennoyemodelirovaniye]. FizikaZemli. 2010; 46(3):187-98. DOI: 10.1134/S106935131003002X IX. Danilov, A. V. and Konechnaya, Ya. V. Analytical comparison of seismic instruments for stationary surveys in the Arctic [Sravnitel’nyyanalizseysmicheskoyapparaturydlyastatsionarnykhnablyudeniy v Arktike]. DSYS. URL: https://dsys.ru/upload/id254_docPDF_FranzJosefLand.pdf(Date of access September 2, 2019). X. Dew point temperature calculator. Maple Tech. International LLC. URL: https://www.calculator.net/dew-point-calculator.html?airtemperature=20&airtemperatureunit=celsius&humidity=0.34&dewpoint=&dewpointunit=celsius&x=51&y=14(Date of access September 2, 2019). XI. Frolov, A. S. Matching of wave fields recorded by different geophysical receivers [Soglasovaniyevolnovykhpoley, poluchennykh s primeneniyemrazlichnoyregistriruyushcheyapparatury]. Abstracts IX International scientific and technical conference competition of young specialists “Geophysics-2013”. Saint-Petersburg: Gubkin University, 2013. URL: https://www.gubkin.ru/faculty/geology_and_geophysics/chairs_and_departments/exploration_geophysics_and_computers_systems/files/2013_SPb_Frolov.pdf. (Date of access September 2, 2019). XII. Gibbons, S. J., Asming, V., Fedorov, A., Fyen, J., Kero, J., Kozlovskaya, E., Kværna, T., Liszka, L., Näsholm, S.P., Raita, T., Roth, M., Tiira, T., Vinogradov, Yu. The European Arctic: A laboratory for seismoacoustic studies. Seism. Res. Letters. 2015; 86 (3): 917–928. XIII. GOST 8.395-80. State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Reference conditions of measurements while calibrating. General requirements [Gosudarstvennayasistemaobespecheniyaedinstvaizmereniy. Normal’nyyeusloviyaizmereniypripoverke. Obshchiyetrebovaniya]. Moscow: Standartinform, 2008. URL: http://gostrf.com/normadata/1/4294821/4294821960.pdf (Date of access September 2, 2019). XIV. Guralp 6TD. Operators’ Guide. Document Number: MAN-T60-0002, Issue J: April, 2017. Guralp Systems Limited. 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Passive seismic tomography: A passive concept actively evolving. First Break. 2012; 30 (7): 83-90. XXII. Matveev, I. V. and Matveeva, N. V. Portable seismic recorder “SEISAR-5” with very low energy consumption for autonomous work in harsh climatic conditions [Portativnyyseysmicheskiyregistrator «Seysar-5» s ochen’ nizkimenergopotrebleniyemdlyaavtonomnoyraboty v slozhnykhklimatic heskikhusloviyakh]. Nauka I tekhnologicheskierazrabotki (Science and Technological Developments). 2017; 96 (3): 33-40. [Special Issue “Applied Geophysics: New Developments and Results. Part 1. Seismology and Seismic Exploration]. DOI: 10.21455/std2017.3-3. XXIII. Mishra, R. The Temperature Ratings of Electronic Parts.Electronics Cooling magazine. URL: http://www.electronics-cooling.com/2004/02/the-temperature-ratings-of-electronic-parts(Date of access September 2, 2019). XXIV. Moore, Sue E.; Stabeno, Phyllis J.; Van Pelt, Thomas I. The Synthesis of Arctic Research (SOAR) project. 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View | Download COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH FOOT PATHOLOGY WHO UNDERWENT WEIL OPEN OSTEOTOMY BY CLASSICAL METHOD AND WITHOUT STEOSYNTHESIS Authors: Yuriy V. Lartsev,Dmitrii A. Rasputin,Sergey D. Zuev-Ratnikov,Pavel V.Ryzhov,Dmitry S. Kudashev,Anton A. Bogdanov, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00044 Abstract: The article considers the problem of surgical correction of the second metatarsal bone length. The article analyzes the results of treatment of patients with excess length of the second metatarsal bones that underwent osteotomy with and without osteosynthesis. The results of treatment of patients who underwent metatarsal shortening due to classical Weil-osteotomy with and without osteosynthesis were analyzed. The first group consisted of 34 patients. They underwent classical Weil osteotomy. The second group included 44 patients in whomosteotomy of the second metatarsal bone were not by the screw. When studying the results of the treatment in the immediate postoperative period, weeks 6, 12, slightly better results were observed in patients of the first group, while one year after surgical treatment the results in both groups were comparable. One year after surgical treatment, there were 2.9% (1 patient) of unsatisfactory results in the first group and 4.5% (2 patients) in the second group. Considering the comparability of the results of treatment in remote postoperative period, the choice of concrete method remains with the operating surgeon. Keywords: Flat feet,hallux valgus,corrective osteotomy,metatarsal bones, Refference: I. A novel modification of the Stainsby procedure: surgical technique and clinical outcome [Text] / E. Concannon, R. MacNiocaill, R. Flavin [et al.] // Foot Ankle Surg. – 2014. – Dec., Vol. 20(4). – P. 262–267. II. Accurate determination of relative metatarsal protrusion with a small intermetatarsal angle: a novel simplified method [Text] / L. Osher, M.M. Blazer, S. Buck [et al.] // J. Foot Ankle Surg. – 2014. – Sep.-Oct., Vol. 53(5). – P. 548–556. III. Argerakis, N.G. The radiographic effects of the scarf bunionectomy on rearfoot alignment [Text] / N.G. Argerakis, L.Jr. Weil, L.S. Sr. Weil // Foot Ankle Spec. – 2015. – Apr., Vol. 8(2). – P. 89–94. IV. Bauer, T. Percutaneous forefoot surgery [Text] / T. Bauer // Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. – 2014. – Feb., Vol. 100(1 Suppl.). – P. S191–S204. V. Biomechanical Evaluation of Custom Foot Orthoses for Hallux Valgus Deformity [Text] // J. Foot Ankle Surg. – 2015. – Sep.-Oct., Vol.54(5). – P. 852–855. VI. Chopra, S. Characterization of gait in female patients with moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity [Text] / S. Chopra, K. Moerenhout, X. Crevoisier // Clin. Biomech. (Bristol, Avon). – 2015. – Jul., Vol. 30(6). – P. 629–635. VII. Computer assisted planning and custom-made surgical guide for malunited pronation deformity after first metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis in rheumatoid arthritis: a case report [Text] / M. Hirao, S. Ikemoto, H. Tsuboi [et al.] // Comput. Aided Surg. – 2014. – Vol. 19(1-3). – P. 13–19. VIII. Correlation between static radiographic measurements and intersegmental angular measurements during gait using a multisegment foot model [Text] / D.Y. Lee, S.G. Seo, E.J. Kim [et al.] // Foot Ankle Int. – 2015. – Jan., Vol.36(1). – P. 1–10. IX. Correlative study between length of first metatarsal and transfer metatarsalgia after osteotomy of first metatarsal [Text]: [Article in Chinese] / F.Q. Zhang, B.Y. Pei, S.T. Wei [et al.] // Zhonghua Yi XueZaZhi. – 2013. – Nov. 19, Vol. 93(43). – P. 3441–3444. X. Dave, M.H. Forefoot Deformity in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Comparison of Shod and Unshod Populations [Text] / M.H. Dave, L.W. Mason, K. Hariharan // Foot Ankle Spec. – 2015. – Oct., Vol. 8(5). – P. 378–383. XI. Does arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint correct the intermetatarsal M1M2 angle? Analysis of a continuous series of 208 arthrodeses fixed with plates [Text] / F. Dalat, F. Cottalorda, M.H. Fessy [et al.] // Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. – 2015. – Oct., Vol. 101(6). – P. 709–714. XII. Dynamic plantar pressure distribution after percutaneous hallux valgus correction using the Reverdin-Isham osteotomy [Text]: [Article in Spanish] / G. Rodríguez-Reyes, E. López-Gavito, A.I. Pérez-Sanpablo [et al.] // Rev. Invest. Clin. – 2014. – Jul., Vol. 66, Suppl. 1. – P. S79-S84. XIII. Efficacy of Bilateral Simultaneous Hallux Valgus Correction Compared to Unilateral [Text] / A.V. Boychenko, L.N. Solomin, S.G. Parfeyev [et al.] // Foot Ankle Int. – 2015. – Nov., Vol. 36(11). – P. 1339–1343. XIV. Endolog technique for correction of hallux valgus: a prospective study of 30 patients with 4-year follow-up [Text] / C. Biz, M. Corradin, I. Petretta [et al.] // J. OrthopSurg Res. – 2015. – Jul. 2, № 10. – P. 102. XV. First metatarsal proximal opening wedge osteotomy for correction of hallux valgus deformity: comparison of straight versus oblique osteotomy [Text] / S.H. Han, E.H. Park, J. Jo [et al.] // Yonsei Med. J. – 2015. – May, Vol. 56(3). – P. 744–752. XVI. Long-term outcome of joint-preserving surgery by combination metatarsal osteotomies for shortening for forefoot deformity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis [Text] / H. Niki, T. Hirano, Y. Akiyama [et al.] // Mod. Rheumatol. – 2015. – Sep., Vol. 25(5). – P. 683–638. XVII. Maceira, E. Transfer metatarsalgia post hallux valgus surgery [Text] / E. Maceira, M. Monteagudo // Foot Ankle Clin. – 2014. – Jun., Vol. 19(2). – P.285–307. XVIII. Nielson, D.L. Absorbable fixation in forefoot surgery: a viable alternative to metallic hardware [Text] / D.L. Nielson, N.J. Young, C.M. Zelen // Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg. – 2013. – Jul., Vol. 30(3). – P. 283–293 XIX. Patient’s satisfaction after outpatient forefoot surgery: Study of 619 cases [Text] / A. Mouton, V. Le Strat, D. Medevielle [et al.] // Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. – 2015. – Oct., Vol. 101(6 Suppl.). – P. S217–S220. XX. Preference of surgical procedure for the forefoot deformity in the rheumatoid arthritis patients–A prospective, randomized, internal controlled study [Text] / M. Tada, T. Koike, T. Okano [et al.] // Mod. Rheumatol. – 2015. – May., Vol. 25(3). – P.362–366. XXI. Redfern, D. Percutaneous Surgery of the Forefoot [Text] / D. Redfern, J. Vernois, B.P. Legré // Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg. – 2015. – Jul., Vol. 32(3). – P. 291–332. XXII. Singh, D. Bullous pemphigoid after bilateral forefoot surgery [Text] / D. Singh, A. Swann // Foot Ankle Spec. – 2015. – Feb., Vol. 8(1). – P. 68–72. XXIII. Treatment of moderate hallux valgus by percutaneous, extra-articular reverse-L Chevron (PERC) osteotomy [Text] / J. Lucas y Hernandez, P. Golanó, S. Roshan-Zamir [et al.] // Bone Joint J. – 2016. – Mar., Vol. 98-B(3). – P. 365–373. XXIV. Weil, L.Jr. Scarf osteotomy for correction of hallux abducto valgus deformity [Text] / L.Jr. Weil, M. Bowen // Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg. – 2014. – Apr., Vol.31(2). – P. 233–246. View | Download QUANTITATIVE ULTRASONOGRAPHY OF THE STOMACH AND SMALL INTESTINE IN HEALTHYDOGS Authors: Roman A. Tcygansky,Irina I. Nekrasova,Angelina N. Shulunova,Alexander I.Sidelnikov, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00045 Abstract: Purpose.To determine the quantitative echogenicity indicators (and their ratio) of the layers of stomach and small intestine wall in healthy dogs. Methods. A prospective 3-year study of 86 healthy dogs (aged 1-7 yrs) of different breeds and of both sexes. Echo homogeneity and echogenicity of the stomach and intestines wall were determined by the method of Silina, T.L., et al. (2010) in absolute values ​​of average brightness levels of ultrasound image pixels using the 8-bit scale with 256 shades of gray. Results. Quantitative echogenicity indicators of the stomach and the small intestine wall in dogs were determined. Based on the numerical values ​​characterizing echogenicity distribution in each layer of a separate structure of the digestive system, the coefficient of gastric echogenicity is determined as 1:2.4:1.1 (mucosa/submucosa/muscle layers, respectively), the coefficient of duodenum and jejunum echogenicity is determined as 1:3.5:2 and that of ileum is 1:1.8:1. Clinical significance. The echogenicity coefficient of the wall of the digestive system allows an objective assessment of the stomach and intestines wall and can serve as the basis for a quantitative assessment of echogenicity changes for various pathologies of the digestive system Keywords: Ultrasound (US),echogenicity,echogenicity coefficient,digestive system,dogs,stomach,intestines, Refference: I. Agut, A. Ultrasound examination of the small intestine in small animals // Veterinary focus. 2009.Vol. 19. No. 1. P. 20-29. II. Bull. 4.RF patent 2398513, IPC51A61B8 / 00 A61B8 / 14 (2006.01) A method for determining the homoechogeneity and the degree of echogenicity of an ultrasound image / T. Silina, S. S. Golubkov. – No. 2008149311/14; declared 12/16/2008; publ. 09/10/2010 III. Choi, M., Seo, M., Jung, J., Lee, K., Yoon, J., Chang, D., Park, RD. Evaluation of canine gastric motility with ultrasonography // J. of Veterinary Medical Science. – 2002. Vol. 64. – № 1. – P. 17-21. IV. Delaney, F., O’Brien, R.T., Waller, K.Ultrasound evaluation of small bowel thickness compared to weight in normal dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2003 Vol. 44, № 5. Р 577-580. V. Diana, A., Specchi, S., Toaldo, M.B., Chiocchetti, R., Laghi, A., Cipone, M. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of the small bowel in healthy cats // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. – 2011. – Vol. 52, № 5. – Р. 555-559. VI. Garcia, D.A.A., Froes, T.R. Errors in abdominal ultrasonography in dogs and cats // J. of Small Animal Practice. – 2012. Vol. 53. – № 9. – P. 514-519. VII. Garcia, D.A.A., Froes, T.R. Importance of fasting in preparing dogs for abdominal ultrasound examination of specific organs // J. of Small Animal Practice. – 2014. Vol. 55. – № 12. – P. 630-634. VIII. Gaschen, L., Granger, L.A., Oubre, O., Shannon, D., Kearney, M., Gaschen, F. The effects of food intake and its fat composition on intestinal echogenicity in healthy dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2016. Vol. 57. № 5. P. 546-550 IX. Gaschen, L., Kircher, P., Stussi, A., Allenspach, K., Gaschen, F., Doherr, M., Grone, A. Comparison of ultrasonographic findings with clinical activity index (CIBDAI) and diagnosis in dogs with chronic enteropathies // Veterinary radiology and ultrasound. – 2008. – Vol. 49. – № 1. – Р. 56-64. X. Gil, E.M.U. Garcia, D.A.A. Froes, T.R. In utero development of the fetal intestine: Sonographic evaluation and correlation with gestational age and fetal maturity in dogs // Theriogenology. 2015. Vol. 84, №5. Р. 681-686. XI. Gladwin, N.E. Penninck, D.G., Webster, C.R.L. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the thickness of the wall layers in the intestinal tract of dogs // American Journal of Veterinary Research. 2014. Vol. 75, №4. Р. 349-353. XII. Gory, G., Rault, D.N., Gatel, L, Dally, C., Belli, P., Couturier, L., Cauvin, E. Ultrasonographic characteristics of the abdominal esophagus and cardia in dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2014. Vol. 55, № 5. P. 552-560. XIII. Günther, C.S. Lautenschläger, I.E., Scholz, V.B. Assessment of the inter- and intraobserver variability for sonographical measurement of intestinal wall thickness in dogs without gastrointestinal diseases | [Inter-und Intraobserver-Variabilitätbei der sonographischenBestimmung der Darmwanddicke von HundenohnegastrointestinaleErkrankungen] // Tierarztliche Praxis Ausgabe K: Kleintiere – Heimtiere. 2014. Vol. 42 №2. Р. 71-78. XIV. Hanazono, K., Fukumoto, S., Hirayama, K., Takashima, K., Yamane, Y., Natsuhori, M., Kadosawa, T., Uchide, T. Predicting Metastatic Potential of gastrointestinal stromal tumors in dog by ultrasonography // J. of Veterinary Medical Science. – 2012. Vol. 74. – № 11. – P. 1477-1482. XV. Heng, H.G., Lim, Ch.K., Miller, M.A., Broman, M.M.Prevalence and significance of an ultrasonographic colonic muscularishyperechoic band paralleling the serosal layer in dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2015. Vol. 56 № 6. P. 666-669. XVI. Ivančić, M., Mai, W. Qualitative and quantitative comparison of renal vs. hepatic ultrasonographic intensity in healthy dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2008. Vol. 49. № 4. Р. 368-373. XVII. Lamb, C.R., Mantis, P. Ultrasonographic features of intestinal intussusception in 10 dogs // J. of Small Animal Practice. – 2008. Vol. 39. – № 9. – P. 437-441. XVIII. Le Roux, A. B., Granger, L.A., Wakamatsu, N, Kearney, M.T., Gaschen, L.Ex vivo correlation of ultrasonographic small intestinal wall layering with histology in dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound.2016. Vol. 57. № 5. P. 534-545. XIX. Nielsen, T. High-frequency ultrasound of Peyer’s patches in the small intestine of young cats / T. Nielsen [et al.] // Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. – 2015. – Vol. 18, № 4. – Р. 303-309. XX. PenninckD.G. Gastrointestinal tract. In Nyland T.G., Mattoon J.S. (eds): Small Animal Diagnostic Ultrasound. Philadelphia: WB Saunders. 2002, 2nd ed. Р. 207-230. XXI. PenninckD.G. Gastrointestinal tract. In: PenninckD.G.,d´Anjou M.A. Atlas of Small Animal Ultrasonography. Blackwell Publishing, Iowa. 2008. Р. 281-318. XXII. Penninck, D.G., Nyland, T.G., Kerr, L.Y., Fisher, P.E. Ultrasonographic evaluation of gastrointestinal diseases in small animals // Veterinary Radiology. 1990. Vol. 31. №3. P. 134-141. XXIII. Penninck, D.G.,Webster, C.R.L.,Keating, J.H. The sonographic appearance of intestinal mucosal fibrosis in cats // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. – 2010. – Vol. 51, № 4. – Р. 458-461. XXIV. Pollard, R.E.,Johnson, E.G., Pesavento, P.A., Baker, T.W., Cannon, A.B., Kass, P.H., Marks, S.L. Effects of corn oil administered orally on conspicuity of ultrasonographic small intestinal lesions in dogs with lymphangiectasia // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2013. Vol. 54. № 4. P. 390-397. XXV. Rault, D.N., Besso, J.G., Boulouha, L., Begon, D., Ruel, Y. Significance of a common extended mucosal interface observed in transverse small intestine sonograms // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2004. Vol. 45. №2. Р. 177-179. XXVI. Sutherland-Smith, J., Penninck, D.G., Keating, J.H., Webster, C.R.L. Ultrasonographic intestinal hyperechoic mucosal striations in dogs are associated with lacteal dilation // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. – 2007. Vol. 48. – № 1. – P. 51-57. View | Download EVALUATION OF ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL IN MEDICAL STUDENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF SEASONAL DYNAMICS Authors: Larisa A. Merdenova,Elena A. Takoeva,Marina I. Nartikoeva,Victoria A. Belyayeva,Fatima S. Datieva,Larisa R. Datieva, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00046 Abstract: The aim of this work was to assess the functional reserves of the body to quantify individual health; adaptation, psychophysiological characteristics of the health quality of medical students in different seasons of the year. When studying the temporal organization of physiological functions, the rhythm parameters of physiological functions were determined, followed by processing the results using the Cosinor Analysis program, which reveals rhythms with an unknown period for unequal observations, evaluates 5 parameters of sinusoidal rhythms (mesor, amplitude, acrophase, period, reliability). The essence of desynchronization is the mismatch of circadian rhythms among themselves or destruction of the rhythms architectonics (instability of acrophases or their disappearance). Desynchronization with respect to the rhythmic structure of the body is of a disregulatory nature, most pronounced in pathological desynchronization. High neurotism, increased anxiety reinforces the tendency to internal desynchronization, which increases with stress. During examination stress, students experience a decrease in the stability of the temporary organization of the biosystem and the tension of adaptive mechanisms develops, which affects attention, mental performance and the quality of adaptation to the educational process. Time is shortened and the amplitude of the “initial minute” decreases, personal and situational anxiety develops, and the level of psychophysiological adaptation decreases. The results of the work are priority because they can be used in assessing quality and level of health. Keywords: Desynchronosis,biorhythms,psycho-emotional stress,mesor,acrophase,amplitude,individual minute, Refference: I. Arendt, J., Middleton, B. Human seasonal and circadian studies in Antarctica (Halley, 75_S) – General and Comparative Endocrinology. 2017: 250-259. (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.05.010). II. BalandinYu.P. A brief methodological guide on the use of the agro-industrial complex “Health Sources” / Yu.P. Balandin, V.S. Generalov, V.F. Shishlov. Ryazan, 2007. III. Buslovskaya L.K. Adaptation reactions in students at exam stress/ L.K. Buslovskaya, Yu.P. Ryzhkova. Scientific bulletin of Belgorod State University. Series: Natural Sciences. 2011;17(21):46-52. IV. Chutko L. S. Sindromjemocionalnogovygoranija – Klinicheskie I psihologicheskieaspekty./ L.S Chutko. Moscow: MEDpress-inform, 2013. V. Eroshina K., Paul Wilkinson, Martin Mackey. The role of environmental and social factors in the occurrence of diseases of the respiratory tract in children of primary school age in Moscow. Medicine. 2013:57-71. VI. Fagrell B. “Microcirculation of the Skin”. The physiology and pharmacology of the microcirculation. 2013:423. VII. Gurova O.A. Change in blood microcirculation in students throughout the day. New research. 2013; 2 (35):66-71. VIII. Khetagurova L.G. – Stress/Ed. L.G. Khetagurov. Vladikavkaz: Project-Press Publishing House, 2010. IX. Khetagurova L.G., Urumova L.T. et al. Stress (chronomedical aspects). International Journal of Experimental Education 2010; 12: 30-31. X. Khetagurova L.G., Salbiev K.D., Belyaev S.D., Datieva F.S., Kataeva M.R., Tagaeva I.R. Chronopathology (experimental and clinical aspects/ Ed. L.G. Khetagurov, K.D. Salbiev, S.D.Belyaev, F.S. Datiev, M.R. Kataev, I.R. Tagaev. Moscow: Science, 2004. XI. KlassinaS.Ya. Self-regulatory reactions in the microvasculature of the nail bed of fingers in person with psycho-emotional stress. Bulletin of new medical technologies, 2013; 2 (XX):408-412. XII. Kovtun O.P., Anufrieva E.V., Polushina L.G. Gender-age characteristics of the component composition of the body in overweight and obese schoolchildren. Medical Science and Education of the Urals. 2019; 3:139-145. XIII. Kuchieva M.B., Chaplygina E.V., Vartanova O.T., Aksenova O.A., Evtushenko A.V., Nor-Arevyan K.A., Elizarova E.S., Efremova E.N. A comparative analysis of the constitutional features of various generations of healthy young men and women in the Rostov Region. Modern problems of science and education. 2017; 5:50-59. XIV. Mathias Adamsson1, ThorbjörnLaike, Takeshi Morita – Annual variation in daily light expo-sure and circadian change of melatonin and cortisol consent rations at a northern latitude with large seasonal differences in photoperiod length – Journal of Physiological Anthropology. 2017; 36: 6 – 15. XV. Merdenova L.A., Tagaeva I.R., Takoeva E.A. Features of the study of biological rhythms in children. The results of fundamental and applied research in the field of natural and technical sciences. Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference. Belgorod, 2017, pp. 119-123. XVI. Ogarysheva N.V. The dynamics of mental performance as a criterion for adapting to the teaching load. Bulletin of the Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2014;16:5 (1): S.636-638. XVII. Pekmezovi T. Gene-environment interaction: A genetic-epidemiological approach. Journal of Medical Biochemistry. 2010;29:131-134. XVIII. Rapoport S.I., Chibisov S.M. Chronobiology and chronomedicine: history and prospects/Ed. S.M. Chibisov, S.I. Rapoport ,, M.L. Blagonravova. Chronobiology and Chronomedicine: Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN) Press. Moscow, 2018. XIX. Roustit M., Cracowski J.L. “Non-invasive assessment of skin microvascular function in humans: an insight into methods” – Microcirculation 2012; 19 (1): 47-64. XX. Rud V.O., FisunYu.O. – References of the circadian desinchronosis in students. Ukrainian Bulletin of Psychoneurology. 2010; 18(2) (63): 74-77. XXI. Takoeva Z. A., Medoeva N. O., Berezova D. T., Merdenova L. A. et al. Long-term analysis of the results of chronomonitoring of the health of the population of North Ossetia; Vladikavkaz Medical and Biological Bulletin. 2011; 12(12,19): 32-38. XXII. Urumova L.T., Tagaeva I.R., Takoeva E.A., Datieva L.R. – The study of some health indicators of medical students in different periods of the year. Health and education in the XXI century. 2016; 18(4): 94-97. XXIII. Westman J. – Complex diseases. In: Medical genetics for the modern clinician. USA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006. XXIV. Yadrischenskaya T.V. Circadian biorhythms of students and their importance in educational activities. Problems of higher education. Pacific State University Press. 2016; 2:176-178. View | Download TRIADIC COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS Authors: Stanislav A.Kudzh,Victor Ya. Tsvetkov, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00047 Abstract: The present study of comparison methods based on the triadic model introduces the following concepts: the relation of comparability and the relation of comparison, and object comparison and attributive comparison. The difference between active and passive qualitative comparison is shown, two triadic models of passive and active comparison and models for comparing two and three objects are described. Triadic comparison models are proposed as an alternative to dyadic comparison models. Comparison allows finding the common and the different; this approach is proposed for the analysis of the nomothetic and ideographic method of obtaining knowledge. The nomothetic method identifies and evaluates the general, while the ideographic method searches for unique in parameters and in combinations of parameters. Triadic comparison is used in systems and methods of argumentation, as well as in the analysis of consistency/inconsistency. Keywords: Comparative analysis,dyad,triad,triadic model,comparability relation,object comparison,attributive comparison,nomothetic method,ideographic method, Refference: I. AltafS., Aslam.M.Paired comparison analysis of the van Baarenmodel using Bayesian approach with noninformativeprior.Pakistan Journal of Statistics and Operation Research 8(2) (2012) 259{270. II. AmooreJ. E., VenstromD Correlations between stereochemical assessments and organoleptic analysis of odorous compounds. Olfaction and Taste (2016) 3{17. III. BarnesJ., KlingerR. Embedding projection for targeted cross-lingual sentiment: model comparisons and a real-world study. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 66 (2019) 691{742. doi.org/10.1613/jair.1.11561 IV. Castro-SchiloL., FerrerE.Comparison of nomothetic versus idiographic-oriented methods for making predictions about distal outcomes from time series data. Multivariate Behavioral Research 48(2) (2013) 175{207. V. De BonaG.et al. Classifying inconsistency measures using graphs. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 66 (2019) 937{987. VI. FideliR. La comparazione. Milano: Angeli, 1998. VII. GordonT. F., PrakkenH., WaltonD. The Carneades model of argument and burden of proof. Artificial Intelligence 10(15) (2007) 875{896. VIII. GrenzS.J. The social god and the relational self: A Triad theology of the imago Dei. Westminster: John Knox Press, 2001. IX. HermansH.J. M.On the integration of nomothetic and idiographic research methods in the study of personal meaning.Journal of Personality 56(4) (1988) 785{812. X. JamiesonK. G., NowakR. Active ranking using pairwise comparisons.Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (2011) 2240{2248. XI. JongsmaC.Poythress’s triad logic: a review essay. Pro Rege 42(4) (2014) 6{15. XII. KärkkäinenV.M. Trinity and Religious Pluralism: The Doctrine of the Trinity in Christian Theology of Religions. London: Routledge, 2017. XIII. KudzhS. A., TsvetkovV.Ya. Triadic systems. Russian Technology Magazine 7(6) (2019) 74{882. XIV. NelsonK.E.Some observations from the perspective of the rare event cognitive comparison theory of language acquisition.Children’s Language 6 (1987) 289{331. XV. NiskanenA., WallnerJ., JärvisaloM.Synthesizing argumentation frameworks from examples. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 66 (2019) 503{554. XVI. PührerJ.Realizability of three-valued semantics for abstract dialectical frameworks.Artificial Intelligence 278 (2020) 103{198. XVII. SwansonG.Frameworks for comparative research: structural anthropology and the theory of action. In: Vallier, Ivan (Ed.). Comparative methods in sociology: essays on trends and applications.Berkeley: University of California Press, 1971 141{202. XVIII. TsvetkovV.Ya.Worldview model as the result of education.World Applied Sciences Journal 31(2) (2014) 211{215. XIX. TsvetkovV. Ya. Logical analysis and variable scales. Slavic Forum 4(22) (2018) 103{109. XX. Wang S. et al. Transit traffic analysis zone delineating method based on Thiessen polygon. Sustainability 6(4) (2014) 1821{1832. View | Download DEVELOPING TECHNOLOGY OF CREATING WEAR-RESISTANT CERAMIC COATING FOR ICE CYLINDER." JOURNAL OF MECHANICS OF CONTINUA AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES spl10, no. 1 (June 28, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00048.

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