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Academic literature on the topic 'Traffic accidents Australia Research'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Traffic accidents Australia Research"

1

Retallack, Angus Eugene, and Bertram Ostendorf. "Relationship Between Traffic Volume and Accident Frequency at Intersections." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4 (February 21, 2020): 1393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041393.

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Driven by the high social costs and emotional trauma that result from traffic accidents around the world, research into understanding the factors that influence accident occurrence is critical. There is a lack of consensus about how the management of congestion may affect traffic accidents. This paper aims to improve our understanding of this relationship by analysing accidents at 120 intersections in Adelaide, Australia. Data comprised of 1629 motor vehicle accidents with traffic volumes from a dataset of more than five million hourly measurements. The effect of rainfall was also examined. Results showed an approximately linear relationship between traffic volume and accident frequency at lower traffic volumes. In the highest traffic volumes, poisson and negative binomial models showed a significant quadratic explanatory term as accident frequency increases at a higher rate. This implies that focusing management efforts on avoiding these conditions would be most effective in reducing accident frequency. The relative risk of rainfall on accident frequency decreases with increasing congestion index. Accident risk is five times greater during rain at low congestion levels, successively decreasing to no elevated risk at the highest congestion level. No significant effect of congestion index on accident severity was detected.
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Hutchinson, Timothy Paul. "An elementary expression in five variables relevant to many road accidents." ANZIAM Journal 63 (June 6, 2022): C30—C42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21914/anziamj.v63.17113.

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This article suggests a model for many road accidents, namely, those in which a vehicle being driven forwards encounters an obstacle such as a pedestrian, a vehicle, or a tree. An equation for speed of impact is obtained from the model. (Speed of impact is very important in determining severity of injury.) The equation is an expression in five variables. As it is elementary, it will be of interest to educators in mathematics and other subjects, as well as to road safety specialists. Two of the five variables (speed of vehicle, and distance of the obstacle) are conditions existing at the initiation of the emergency; and three are approximately termed: range of the sensing system; reaction time; and deceleration; and are properties of the system of driver and vehicle. Thus the focus is on the moment the emergency is appreciated, a few seconds before impact. The model and equation may be relevant to some railway accidents, also. In addition, the article discusses how to push our understanding to a point some seconds earlier, in the hope of throwing light on accident causation. References T. P. Hutchinson. A method of constructing models of reaction to an imminent road crash. Traf. Eng. Control 57 (2016), pp. 97–103 T. P. Hutchinson. Road Safety Theory. Published online. 2018. url: http://RoadSafetyTheory.com T. P. Hutchinson. The theory of reduction of impact speeds. Traf. Eng. Control 56 (2015), pp. 177–180 D. N. Lee. A theory of visual control of braking based on information about time-to-collision. Perception 5 (1976), pp. 437–459. doi: 10.1068/p050437 D. F. Moore. Minimization of occupant injury by optimum front-end design. Society of Automotive Engineers Technical Report No. 700416 (1970). doi: 10.4271/700416 D. Stewart, C. J. Cudworth, and J. R. Lishman. Misperception of time-to-collision by drivers in pedestrian accidents. Perception 22 (1993), pp. 1227–1244. doi: 10.1068/p221227 K. Suzuki, H. Tanaka, Y. Miichi, and M. Aga. Collision-mitigation level of collision-avoidance braking system. Int. J. Vehicle Safety 7 (2014), pp. 1–16. doi: 10.1504/IJVS.2014.058238 J. Wooller. Road traffic accidents in Adelaide and Brisbane, Australia—Excerpts from a report in preparation. Proceedings, 4th Conference, Australian Road Research Board 4 (1968), pp. 976–994. url: http://155.212.5.248/Presto/content/Detail.aspx?ctID=MjE1ZTI4YzctZjc1YS00MzQ4LTkyY2UtMDJmNTgxYjg2ZDA5&rID=OTAx&qrs=RmFsc2U=&ph=VHJ1ZQ==&bckToL=VHJ1ZQ==&rrtc=VHJ1ZQ==
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Franseda, Afrilio, Wawan Kurniawan, Sita Anggraeni, and Windu Gata. "Integrasi Metode Decision Tree dan SMOTE untuk Klasifikasi Data Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas." Jurnal Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi (Justin) 8, no. 3 (July 31, 2020): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/justin.v8i3.40982.

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Kecelakaan lalu lintas merupakan suatu peristiwa yang tidak dapat diprediksi dengan pasti dan dapat mengakibatkan korban jiwa, korban luka ringan, korban luka berat atau kerugian materil seperti benda berharga. Permasalahan ini terjadi di seluruh dunia, tidak terkecuali Australia Selatan yang merupakan salah satu wilayah di Australia. Tercatat bahwa wilayah tersebut memiliki total kecelakaan yang memakan korban 4.953 pada tahun 2018. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan analisis untuk mengantisipasi kecelakaan agar tidak terulang kembali kejadian dengan faktor yang sama. Salah satu solusi untuk permasalahan ini yaitu diperlukan metode klasifikasi untuk mengelompokkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kecelakaan lalu lintas. Metode klasifikasi yang digunakan sebagai pengolah data adalah metode Decision Tree. Metode pada permasalahan ketidakseimbangan kelas menggunakan metode Synthetic MinorityOver-sampling Technique (SMOTE). Untuk proses dalam meningkatkan evaluasi pada penelitian ini menggunakan proses Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD). Pengujian dilakukan dengan tiga desain model yaitu Split Validation Decision Tree dan SMOTE diperoleh akurasi 69.23%. Pengujian menggunakan Cross Validation Decision Tree dan SMOTE diperoleh akurasi 63.56%. Pengujian menggunakan Decision Tree dan SMOTE Split Data diperoleh akurasi 71.12% dengan perbandingan 1:9. Sehingga, setelah ketiga desain model tersebut dibandingkan, maka Decision Tree dan SMOTE Split Data mendapatkan akurasi yang paling baik. Selain itu diperoleh pula presisi 89.71% (3:7) dan area under curve (AUC) sebesar 0.773 (1:9). Penelitian ini masuk kedalam kategori fair classification (cukup).Traffic accidents are events that cannot be predicted with certainty and can result in casualties, minor injuries, serious injuries, or material losses such as valuable objects. This problem occurs throughout the world, including South Australia which is one of the regions in Australia. It is recorded that the area had a total of 4,953 casualties in 2018. Therefore an analysis is needed to anticipate the accident so that it does not happen again with the same factors. One solution to this problem is the classification method needed to classify the factors that affect traffic accidents. The classification method used for data processing is the Decision Tree method. The method for class imbalance problems uses the method of Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE). For the process of increasing evaluation in this study using the Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD) process. The test was carried out with three model designs namely Split Validation Decision Tree and SMOTE model design obtained an accuracy of 69.23%. Testing using Cross Validation Decision Tree and SMOTE obtained an accuracy of 63.56%. Testing using the Decision Tree and SMOTE Split Data obtained an accuracy 71.12% with ratio of 1:9. So, after the three design models are compared, the split Decision Tree and SMOTE Split Data gets the best accuracy. Also, a precision of 89.71% (3:7) and area under curve (AUC) were obtained of 0.773 (1:9). This research belongs to the fair classification category.
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Klöcker, Ulrike, David B. Croft, and Daniel Ramp. "Frequency and causes of kangaroo - vehicle collisions on an Australian outback highway." Wildlife Research 33, no. 1 (2006): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr04066.

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Kangaroo–vehicle collisions are frequent on Australian highways. Despite high economic costs, detrimental effects on animal welfare, and potential impacts on population viability, little research has been done to investigate the impact of road mortality on kangaroo populations, where and why accidents occur, and how the collisions can be mitigated. We therefore collected data on species (Macropus rufus, M. giganteus, M. fuliginosus, M. robustus), sex and age of kangaroos killed on a 21.2-km bitumenised section of outback highway over 6 months in far western New South Wales, Australia. The spatial and temporal distribution of road-killed kangaroos was investigated in relation to the cover and quality of road-side vegetation, road characteristics, the density of kangaroos along the road, climatic variables and traffic volume. A total of 125 kangaroos were found killed on the road at a rate of 0.03 deaths km–1 day–1. Grey kangaroos of two species (M. giganteus, M. fuliginosus) were under-represented in the road-kill sample in comparison with their proportion in the source population estimated during the day. No bias towards either sex was found. The age structure of road-killed kangaroos was similar to age structures typical of source kangaroo populations. Road-kills mainly occurred in open plains country. In road sections with curves or stock races, road-kill frequencies were higher than expected. Greater cover and greenness of roadside vegetation at the verge probably attracted kangaroos to the road and variation in this vegetation affected the spatial distribution of road-kills. The temporal distribution of road-kills was positively correlated with the volume of night-time traffic. The probability of a kangaroo–vehicle collision increased exponentially with traffic volume. Results are discussed in relation to the potential for mitigation of kangaroo–vehicle collisions.
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Gomez Garcia, Antonio Ramon, Pamela Merino Salazar, and Michael Silva Pena-Herrera. "Mortality due to road traffic injuries in older adults in the Republic of Ecuador between 1990 and 2018: a descriptive study." Universidad Ciencia y Tecnología 26, no. 112 (March 8, 2022): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.47460/uct.v26i112.541.

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The present study aimed to estimate the trend in road traffic injury mortality in older adults (60 years of age or older) and comparison with those <60 years of age in Ecuador (1990-2018). Official death records and population projections were used to calculate mortality rates per 100,000 population, rate ratios, years of potential life lost (YPLL), and trends. Those under 60 years of age had mortality rates of 16.7 (per 100,000) compared to 36.2 (per 100,000) for older adults, with an increasing trend in YPLL. Older adults recorded fewer deaths than the younger population. However, it is necessary to develop road safety strategies oriented to the progressive aging of the Ecuadorian population. Keywords: older adults, traffic accidents, mortality, trends, Ecuador. References [1]World Health Organization (2018, May 17). Global Status Report on Road Safety 2018 [Online]. Available: https://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/road_safety_status/2018/en/ [2]A. F. Algora-Buenafé, M. Russo-Puga, P. R. Suasnavas-Bermúdez, P. Merino-Salazar and A. R. Gómez-García,"Tendencias de los accidentes de tránsito en Ecuador: 2000-2015", Gerencia y Políticas de Salud, vol. 16, n.º 33, pp. 52–58, noviembre de 2017. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.rgps16-33.tate. [Last Access: September 2nd, 2021 ]. [3]Pan American Health Organization (2019, June 22). Status of Road Safety in the Region of the Americas [Online]. Available: http://iris.paho.org/xmlui/handle/123456789/51088. [4]S. J. Eun, "Trends in mortality from road traffic injuries in South Korea, 1983–2017: Joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort analyses", Accident Analysis &Prevention, vol. 134, p. 105325, January 2020. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2019.105325. [Last Access: September 2nd, 2021 ]. [5]S. Azami-Aghdash, M. H. Aghaei, and H. Sadeghi-Bazarghani, "Epidemiology of Road Traffic Injuries among Elderly People; A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis", Bulletin of Emergency and Trauma, vol. 6, n.º 4, pp. 279–291, October 2018. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.29252/beat-060403. [Last Access: September 7th, 2021 ]. [6]Y. Abolfathi Momtaz, R. Kargar, R. Hosseiny, and R. Sahaf, "Rate and pattern of road traffic accidents among older and younger drivers", Healthy Aging Research, vol. 7, n.º 2, June 2018, art. n.º e18. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1097/hxr.0000000000000018. [Last Access: October 13th, 2021 ]. [7]P. Martínez, D. Contreras and M. Moreno, "Safe mobility, socioeconomic inequalities, and aging: A 12-year multilevel interrupted time-series analysis of road traffic death rates in a Latin American country", PLOS ONE, vol. 15, n.º 1, enero de 2020, art. n.º e0224545. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224545. [Last Access: October 10th, 2021 ]. [8]G. Bergen et al., "How do older adult drivers self-regulate? Characteristics of self-regulation classes defined by latent class analysis", Journal of Safety Research, vol. 61, pp. 205–210, June 2017. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2017.01.002. [Last Access: October 9th, 2021 ] [9]Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos (2018, February 2). Registros Estadísticos de Nacidos Vivos, Defunciones Fetales y Defunciones Generales [Online]. Available: https://www.ecuadorencifras.gob.ec/nacimientos_y_defunciones. [10]Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos (2017, August 2). Proyecciones Demográficas, 2010 – 2020. [Online]. Available: https://sni.gob.ec/proyecciones-y-estudios-demograficos. [11]W. Y. Yee, "Road traffic injuries in the elderly", Emergency Medicine Journal, vol. 23, n.º 1, pp. 42–46, January 2006. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1136/emj.2005.023754. [Last Access: October 21st, 2021] [12]L. McElroy, J. Juern, A. Bertleson, Q. Xiang, A. Szabo and J. Weigelt, "A single urban center experience with adult pedestrians struck by motor vehicles", WMJ:official publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin, vol. 112(3), pp. 117-122, 2013. [13]K. Bhalla, M. Naghavi, S. Shahraz, D. Bartels and C. J. L. Murray, "Building national estimates of the burden of road traffic injuries in developing countries from all available data sources: Iran", Injury Prevention, vol. 15, n.º 3, pp. 150–156, June 2009. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1136/ip.2008.020826. [Last Access: October 1st, 2021]. [14]D. Bartels, K. Bhalla, S. Shahraz, J. Abraham, R. Lozano and C. J. L. Murray, "Incidence of road injuries in Mexico: country report", International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, vol. 17, n.º 3, pp. 169–176, September 2010. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1080/17457300903564553. [Last Access: November 16th, 2021]. [15]W. R. Boot, C. Stothart and N. Charness, "Improving the Safety of Aging Road Users: A Mini-Review", Gerontology, vol. 60, n.º 1, pp. 90–96, 2014. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1159/000354212. [Last Access: November 6th, 2021] [16]Y. L. Michael, E. P. Whitlock, J. S. Lin, R. Fu, E. A. O'Connor and R. Gold, "Primary Care–Relevant Interventions to Prevent Falling in Older Adults: A Systematic Evidence Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force", Annals of Internal Medicine, vol. 153, n.º 12, p. 815, December 2010. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-12-201012210-00008.[Last Access: November 29th, 2021] [17]H. Etehad, S. Yousefzadeh-Chabok, A. Davoudi-Kiakalaye, D. A. Moghadam, H. Hemati and Z. Mohtasham-Amiri, "Impact of road traffic accidents on the elderly", Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, vol. 61, n.º 3, pp. 489–493, November de 2015. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2015.08.008. [Last Access: November 3th, 2021]. [18]B. H. Ang, W. S. Chen and S. W. H. Lee, "Global burden of road traffic accidents in older adults: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis", Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, vol. 72, pp. 32–38, September 2017. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2017.05.004. [Last Access: December 19th, 2021] [19]J. P. Thompson, M. R. J. Baldock and J. K. Dutschke, "Trends in the crash involvement of older drivers in Australia", Accident Analysis & Prevention, vol. 117, pp. 262–269, August 2018. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2018.04.027. [Last Access: December 16th, 2021].
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Матлин, Михаил Гершонович. "The Modern Tradition of Marking the Places of People’s Deaths on Highways (On the Example of the Russian Federal Highways A 151, P 178, P 241)." ТРАДИЦИОННАЯ КУЛЬТУРА, no. 1 (May 10, 2022): 97–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.26158/tk.2022.23.1.009.

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Хотя традиция устанавливать знаки на местах гибели людей в ДТП сравнительно недавно стала объектом исследования культурной географии, социальной антропологии, фольклористики, многие ее аспекты к настоящему времени уже достаточно хорошо изучены учеными Европы, Северной Америки, Канады, Австралии и др. Благодаря их работам установлена не только специфика этой традиции в современной социокультурной жизни общества, но и раскрыты национальные, этнические, региональные особенности. С 1990-х гг. эта традиция активно развивается и в России, однако освоение ее отечественной наукой началось только в 2010-е гг. Поэтому многие аспекты остаются пока еще малоисследованными. Среди таковых - связь традиции с особенностями дорожно-транспортной ситуации на трассах, степень развития традиции в разные периоды, типология поминальных знаков по материалу и конструкции, их региональные особенности и др. В статье на материале, полученном в результате полевых исследований 2013, 2014, 2020 и 2021 гг. на федеральных трассах, проходящих по территории трех национальных республик - Татарстана, Чувашии и Мордовии - А 151 (Шемурша - Цивильск), Р 241 (Бурундуки - Лесные Моркваши), Р 178 (Саранск - Сурское), а также изучения этих автодорог по фотографиям Гугл. Карт за 2014 и 2018 гг., освещаются особенности этой традиции на данной территории, делается попытка определить возможные пути решения некоторых из указанных проблем, а также формулируются направления ее дальнейшего исследования. Although the tradition of placing signs at places where people have died in road accidents has relatively recently become the object of research in cultural geography, social anthropology, and folklore, many aspects of it have already been well studied by scientists in Europe, North America, Canada, Australia, and others. Thanks to their works, not only the specifics of this tradition in the modern socio-cultural life of society are established, but also national, ethnic, and regional features are revealed. Since the 90s of the twentieth century, this tradition has been actively developing in Russia, but the development of its domestic science began only in the 2010s. Therefore, many aspects are still poorly understood. Among them are the connection of tradition with the peculiarities of the road traffic situation on the highways, the degree of development of tradition in different periods, the typology of memorial signs by material and design, their regional features, etc. The article uses the material obtained as a result of field research in 2013, 2014, 2020 and 2021 on the federal highways passing through the territory of three national republics - Tatarstan, Chuvashia and Mordovia - A 151 (Shemursha - Tsivilsk), R241 (Chipmunks - Lesnye Morkvashi), R178 (Saransk - Surskoye), as well as the study of these highways using photos of Google.Maps for 2014 and 2018, highlights the features of this tradition in this territory, and attempts to determine possible solutions to some of these problems, some directions of its further research are also formulated.
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Cheng, Guozhu, Rui Cheng, Yulong Pei, and Juan Han. "Research on Highway Roadside Safety." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2021 (June 21, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6622360.

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Frequent and serious traffic accidents have become a focal issue because they hinder the sustainable development of society. In China, roadside accidents account for 40% of fatalities resulting from traffic accidents. Roadside safety has become an important issue of traffic management departments worldwide, and performing research on roadside safety contributes to improving the level of road safety and reducing the number of traffic accidents and fatalities. By systematically sorting a large number of relevant studies, this paper analyzed the current development trends of roadside safety in terms of three aspects (i.e., the year of publication, the country of publication, and the source of publication) and then summarized the research status, existing gaps, and future development directions of roadside safety in terms of three aspects: the frequency of roadside accidents, the severity of roadside accidents, and the practice of roadside safety design. This paper reviewed the different prediction methods and evaluation models for the frequency and severity of roadside accidents. According to the number of times mentioned in the literature, the first five significant risk factors that cause frequent roadside accidents are small-radius curves, heavy traffic, objects adjacent to the lane (such as poles and trees), narrow lanes, and narrow shoulders, and the first five significant risk factors that cause fatal roadside accidents are driver age ≤25 or ≥65, alcohol, speeding, failure to use seat belts, and heavy trucks. Future research on the frequency and severity of roadside accidents should focus on quantitatively analyzing the probability of roadside accidents and occupant injury risk and developing methods for identifying roadside accident blackspots. For roadside safety design, roadside clear zones and safety slopes should be precisely quantified based on a cost-benefit analysis in future studies.
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Smith, D. I. "Effect of Low Proscribed Blood Alcohol Levels (BALs) on Traffic Accidents among Newly-Licensed Drivers." Medicine, Science and the Law 26, no. 2 (April 1986): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002580248602600209.

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Three Australian States introduced lower blood alcohol levels (BALs) for first-year drivers than those applicable to other drivers. In Tasmania, a zero BAL significantly reduced casualty accidents for drivers and motorcyclists, in South Australia a 005 per cent BAL significantly reduced male driver and motorcyclist casualty accidents not requiring hospitalization, while in Western Australia a 002 per cent BAL significantly reduced driver and motorcyclist casualty accidents not requiring hospitalization. For a number of methodological reasons the counter-measure should only be regarded as a promising rather than a proven way of reducing alcohol-related accidents among young drivers.
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Xu, Hai Hua, and Guang Fu Li. "Research on the Methods of Accident Vehicle Safety Performance Technological Identification." Applied Mechanics and Materials 505-506 (January 2014): 310–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.505-506.310.

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With the rapid development of the automobile industry and transport, the increasing traffic accidents have become the serious problems for the traffic management. The important issue that we how to deal with the traffic accidents scientifically and make an accurate identification about the traffic accidents is badly in need of solving. Based on the current situation and research methods of traffic accidents at home and abroad, this paper illustrates the research on accident vehicle safety performance technology identification from one of factors causing traffic accidents-vehicles, which makes the identification for the accident vehicles about the operation process. The selection and process of identification items and information record will be strictly controlled to make the work quality and efficiency improve greatly.
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Guan, Zhi Guang, Jie Liang, and Qiu Hua Miao. "Research on Automatic Positioning System in Traffic Accident." Advanced Materials Research 422 (December 2011): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.422.79.

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With the rapid development of the global economy, automobile industry and high-grade highway create the necessary tools and infrastructure for the fast and convenient traffic. However, the cars also bring some negative effects of human life, such as traffic accidents. China has become the world's most serious national in the traffic accidents. In order to make the traffic accident rescue convenient, the automatic positioning system is studied, and the software and hardware are also designed. The control system uses the PIC18F458 as a controller, which combines with the modern sensor technology and GPS, and realizes the automatic positioning in traffic accidents. Experiments show that the system has the advantages of stability, reliability and strong anti-interference ability.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Traffic accidents Australia Research"

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Wu, Chi-Hung Evelyn. "Causal analysis of highway crashes : a systematic analysis approach with subjective and statistical methods." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20030.

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Breen, Lauren Jennifer. "Silenced voices experiences of grief following road traffic crashes in Western Australia /." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://portal.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2007.0026.html.

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Al-Senan, Shukri Hasan. "A study of head-on crash sites." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21466.

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Miyasaki, Grant W. "Automobile crash test facility and preliminary analysis of low speed crush characteristics." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26722.

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A large percentage of automobile accidents in city traffic occur at speeds below 15 mph. Unfortunately there is a scarcity of experimental crash data at these low speeds to help investigators to reconstruct accidents. Accident reconstruction experts have consequently attached a low level of confidence to speed predictions from vehicle crush at the low end of the speed spectrum. The need for more experimental crash data, especially in a low speed range, has repeatedly been mentioned by accident investigators. The University of British Columbia Accident Research Croup has constructed a crash test facility in conjunction with the Insurance Corporation of British Columbia to address this need. The lCBC-UBC barrier is a low speed crash test facility. A description of the ICBC-UBC crash barrier, its systems and crash testing techniques at the ICBC-UBC facility are presented in this thesis. Also multiple impacts on the same vehicle are investigated to see if this technique provided accumulated crush data that reproduced known high speed crashes. In addition, the preliminary findings are presented on the impact speed to initiate permanent crush and subsequent implications toward vehicle crush characteristics in a low speed range.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Civil Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Olson, Carl Scott. "Safety Effectiveness of Red Light Treatments for Red Light Running." PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/882.

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Crashes resulting from automobiles running a red light are typically severe in nature. One way to try to reduce the number and severity of these types of crashes is by increasing the red clearance interval of a traffic signal. In Portland, Oregon, eight intersections received a variety of treatments including red extensions. Determining which treatment had what effect can be difficult to weed out. Using a combination of crash analysis and a model simulating an intersection with red extensions, this paper describes the estimated impact of red light running intersection upgrades and red extensions on crashes. By performing a variety of before and after crash analysis, a reduction of angle crashes after treatments was detected, with a crash modification factor of 0.64 +/- 0.28 using the Empirical-Bayes method. Output from the simple simulation also suggest that red light running crashes can be reduced with red extension technology and confirms crash modification values determined from the Empirical-Bayes method.
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Nteziyaremye, Pascal. "Understanding pedestrian crossing behaviour : a case study in the Western Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80368.

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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Road traffic accidents have been a global concern facing all countries. Approximately 1.2 million people are killed annually as a result of traffic accidents and 50 million are injured. More than 90 percent of road fatalities occur in the developing world which has only 48 percent of the world’s registered vehicles. Beyond the problem of road fatalities, road traffic accidents result in disability and long term injury. They also cause considerable economic losses to victims and their families and damage properties and infrastructures. In South Africa, pedestrian fatalities account for about 40 percent of all road traffic accidents. Behaviour patterns of both pedestrians and motorists at pedestrian crossings are the main influential factors of pedestrian accidents. This study investigates behaviour patterns of pedestrians negotiating different types of crossing facilities in the town of Stellenbosch, in South Africa. A total number of 17 pedestrian crossings were selected for the study on the basis of their geometric and operational characteristics. Video-based observations together with on-street interviews were used to understand crossing behaviour patterns, namely pedestrian walking speed, pedestrian delay, gaze behaviour, pedestrian-vehicle conflicts, pedestrian compliance with road traffic rules and gap-acceptance behaviour. Results of the study showed that male pedestrians walk more than female pedestrians. The 15th percentile crossing speed for all pedestrians observed while crossing was found to be 1.13 m/s whereas the mean crossing speed was found to be 1.48 m/s. Demographic variables appeared to significantly influence pedestrian walking speed. Male and younger pedestrians exhibited higher walking speeds than female and older pedestrians. Pedestrian walking speed was also found to be affected by group size, encumbrance, type of pedestrian facility and distraction while walking. However, no effects of conflicts and the presence of a pedestrian refuge on pedestrian walking speed were found in this study. A mean total delay of 5.10 seconds was found in this study. Male and younger pedestrians experienced shorter delay compared to female and older pedestrians. The type of pedestrian facility and traffic signals during which pedestrians arrived at the kerb and crossed appeared to be other influential factors of pedestrian delay. With regard to gaze behaviour, an average number of head movements ranged from 2 to 5 at the kerb and from 3 to 5 while crossing. Conflicts with motorists peaked where crossing distances were longer and traffic volume was heavy. A red light violation ranging from 82 to 87 percent was observed in this study and on-street surveys indicated that beliefs and attitudes towards traffic control devices and traffic environment significantly explained pedestrians’ unsafe crossing behaviour. The calculated critical gap and critical lag ranged from 2.19 to 3.90 seconds and the effect of crossing distance on gap-acceptance emerged in this study. Possible interventions are finally suggested.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Padongelukke is 'n wêreldwye probleem wat al die lande in die gesig staar. Ongeveer 1,2 miljoen mense sterf jaarliks as 'n gevolg van verkeersongelukke en 50 miljoen word beseer. Meer as 90 persent van padsterftes kom voor in die ontwikkelende wêreld met slegs 48 persent van die wêreld se geregistreerde voertuie. Bo en behalwe die probleem van padsterftes, het padongelukke gestremdheid en lang termyn beserings tot gevolg. Dit veroorsaak ook aansienlike ekonomiese verliese vir die slagoffers en hul gesinne en skade aan eiendomme en infrastruktuur. In Suid-Afrika is voetgangersterftes verantwoordelik vir sowat 40% van alle padongelukke. Gedragspatrone van beide voetgangers en motoriste by voetoorgange is die belangrikste bepalende faktore van voetganger-ongelukke. Hierdie studie ondersoek gedragspatrone van voetgangers by verskillende tipes kruisings in die dorp van Stellenbosch Suid-Afrika. ʼn Totale aantal van 17 voetoorgange is gekies vir die studie op die basis van hul geometriese en operasionele eienskappe. Video-gebaseerde waarnemings saam met op-straat onderhoude is gebruik om kruising-gedragspatrone, naamlik voetganger stapspoed, voetganger vertraging, kyk gedrag, voetganger-voertuig konflikte, voetganger nakoming van padverkeersreëls en gaping-aanvaarding gedrag te verstaan. Resultate van die studie het getoon dat manlike voetgangers vinniger loop as vroulike voetgangers. Die 15de persentiel kruising spoed vir alle voetgangers waargeneem binne kruisings was 1,13 m/s, terwyl die gemiddelde kruising spoed 1,48 m/s is. Demografiese veranderlikes beïnvloed voetgangers loop-spoed. Manlik en jonger voetgangers loop vinniger as vroulike en ouer voetgangers. Voetgangers loop-spoed word ook geraak deur die grootte van die groep, die dra van items, die tipe voetganger-fasiliteit en afleiding terwyl geloop word. Daar is egter geen gevolge van konflikte op voetgangers loop-spoed in hierdie studie gevind nie. 'n Gemiddelde totale vertraging van 5,10 sekondes is in hierdie studie gevind. Manlik en jonger voetgangers ervaar korter vertraging in vergelyking met die vroulike en ouer voetgangers. Die tipe voetgangerfasiliteit en verkeerseine was ander invloedryke faktore van voetganger vertraging. Vir waarneming van die verkeer is gevind dat die gemiddelde aantal kopbewegings gewissel het van 2 tot 5 teen die randsteen en van 3 tot 5, tydens die kruising. Konflikte met motoriste het ʼn hoogtepunt bereik waar kruising afstande langer en verkeersvolume hoër was. Rooi lig oortredings wat wissel van 82 tot 87 persent is in hierdie studie waargeneem en op-straat opnames het aangedui dat houdings teenoor verkeer-beheer toestelle en die verkeersomgewing die voetgangers se onveilige kruising-gedrag verduidelik. Die berekende kritiese gaping het gewissel van 2,19 tot 3,90 sekondes en die effek van die kruisinglengte op gaping-aanvaarding het in hierdie studie na vore gekom. Moontlike intervensies word voorgestel.
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JUNG, PENG CHING, and 彭鏡容. "Research into Questions Concerning Traffic Accidents." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88879186241323175241.

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碩士
玄奘大學
法律學系碩士班
103
As early as 4.2.1981, former president Chang Ching-Kuo mentioned in one of his speeches that ‘accidents are frequently occurring and causing death and injury. This means our traffic regulations face a problem and have to be improved thoroughly’. This is an early sign of problem awareness and points to the huge impact traffic accidents have on the whole of society. The World Medical Association pointed as early as 2010 to the fact, that traffic accidents are the 3rd most important factor contributing to disease and injury worldwide. Amongst traffic accidents, negligence is the most common cause leading to the openingof a criminal investigation, thus consuming lots of administrative and judicial resources. Resources are strained in terms of material and human capital. Therefore, the author tries to analyze the vast corpus of traffic related norms and to discuss the following: are norms defining the scope of what constitutes an accident sufficient? How about expert opinion in traffic accidents? Are norms concerning traffic appropriate when dealing with traffic accidents? Have these rules an accident lowering impact? Amongst all the differing responsibilities of today’s police, traffic and traffic accidents are demanding tasks; man power, operational skills, development of standard procedures, all these are to be dealt with in an effective way. In this respect, the author reflects his past experiences as a member of the police force. Regarding criminal negligence in traffic, the thesis analyzes the borderline of determining criminal cases and the problem of what cases are worth criminal punishment. In this respect, the author discusses the example of the Anglo-American law system that divides negligence into gross negligence and common negligence. The former is a case for criminal law, the latter is dealt with by administrative law. It is considered to what extent such a dual approach might help the Taiwanese practice, especially when it comes to cases where one party tries to bully the other party by using a criminal case in order to pressure for private law compensation. Due to this, the author hopes that his thesis may be useful for practitioners and for legal scholars alike when it comes to improving the current situation. There is room for enhancing human rights within the quarrels of traffic litigation.
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Huang, Chien-Chih, and 黃見志. "Research on Civil Liabilities Arising from Traffic Accidents." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38969044622465221343.

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碩士
國立高雄大學
法律學系碩士班
103
The invention of means of transportation brought enormous convenience to the modern society. However, traffic accidents became inevitable because of the usage of the foresaid. Therefore, one shall not neglect the problems, including physical injuries, casualties and property damages, resulting from traffic accidents. It is especially critical to identify and clarify the responsibilities after such accidents occur. In addition, how the trace is collected at the scene and professional competence of the police often closely affects the impartiality and credibility of the investigation system. After the responsibilities are clarified, damage claims will be coming next. In practice, different judging criteria often result in different judgments, and hence the fairness between the parties will be infringed. In light of the foregoing, whether the damage claim system is solid in a traffic accident case may also be deemed how a country values traffic issues and human dignity. This thesis analyzes the traffic accident damage liabilities based on statute interpretations, and concentrates on appraisal systems, responsibility clarifications, responsibilities of the perpetrator, legal effects, statute of limitations, contributory negligence, and the relations between traffic accident liabilities and compulsory automobile liability insurance. This thesis also collects extensive court opinions and uses academic opinions as supplementary views, in order to pursue a reasonable and fair determination of the damage amounts.
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Channon, Tim. "Automobile accident compensation in Australia : analysis of a theory for the diversity amongst the state schemes." 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2100/623.

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University of Technology, Sydney. Faculty of Law.
There are different notions of justice that support different reasons for compensating people injured in automobile accidents. The' traditional' method of compensating such persons is the tort system, which involves accident victim proving that fault of some other person caused their injury. This system is not a compensation scheme per se, but a means of shifting losses in accordance with community expectations. This system was criticised during the 20th-century for its inequity, expense and delay. Alternative compensation systems developed which supplement or replace tort as a means of access to compensation. These are divided into 'hybrid' systems - add-on, threshold and choice no-fault - and 'pure' no-fault. There are numerous arguments for and against each system and no one scheme has emerged as the system of choice internationally. In Australia, which is a Federation of states and territories, each jurisdiction has a separate scheme. The majority are fault based but with variations in benefit structures. There is also an add-on no-fault system in Tasmania, a threshold no-fault system in Victoria and a pure no-fault scheme covering residents of the Northern Territory. This pattern of diversity could be expected because of reluctance to embrace change when alternatives are not universally viewed as superior. Chapman and Trebilcock argue that the diversity signifies political instability that is not seen in other areas of law such as workplace injuries, products liability and medical malpractice. They hypothesise that because appreciation of facts surrounding automobile accidents and core values within communities across a Federation such as Australia should be similar, the probable reason for diversity is the existence of majority voting cycles and sequence dependent outcomes. A critical analysis of Chapman and Trebilcock's reasoning shows that their basic premise is faulty. An examination of the evidence from the structure of each Australian scheme, and the scheme reviews and debates on points of change during the period from 1970 to date, demonstrates that in relation to Australian automobile accident compensation schemes, Chapman and Trebilcock's theory is probably wrong, and the diversity is a result of rational democratic political processes.
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JUNG, HSU CHIA, and 許家榮. "Research on Reduce Traffic Accidents - Taking Taipei City as an Example." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/vkg9rw.

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碩士
中華科技大學
土木防災與管理碩士班
106
The occurrence of traffic accidents often occurs between you and my daily life. Except for the normal road sections, the frequencies at the intersections are also quite high. Most traffic accidents are mainly due to traffic violations and non-compliance with traffic regulations. Because transport facilities are not properly set up, traffic accidents occur frequently. Therefore, in order to effectively reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents, in addition to understand and obey traffic regulations, traffic enforcement is also relatively important. This study will find the best solution to reduce the number of traffic accident by literature investigations, case studies, expert interviews, questionnaire surveys, and AHP hierarchical analysis. To reduce traffic accidents, improve transport facilities, and enforce traffic safety advocacy and workshops as the core of the main discussion. Obtain the best conclusions through the above methods. Based on the results of the AHP analysis in this study, we learned that if we want to reduce traffic accidents, we had to first strengthen traffic enforcement, improve traffic facilities, and finally promote and teach traffic safety. In addition, the concept of “defense driving” must also be developed and reduced the occurrence of traffic accidents and reduce the loss of people’s lives and property.
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Books on the topic "Traffic accidents Australia Research"

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Beel, Andrea. The introduction of 0.05 legislation in Western Australia: A preliminary research report. Bentley, WA: Curtin University of Technology, National Centre for Research into the Prevention of Drug Abuse, 1993.

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Mercer, G. William. CounterAttack traffic research papers, 1986. [Vancouver]: Province of British Columbia, Ministry of Attorney General, 1985.

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Grime, Geoffrey. Handbook of road safety research. London: Butterworths, 1987.

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Handbook of road safety research. London: Butterworths, 1987.

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Breeze, R. H. The behaviour of teenage cyclists at T-junctions: An observational study for the AA Foundation for Road Safety Research. Basingstoke: AA Foundation for Road Safety, 1990.

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Hardy, B. J. A study of accidents involving bull bar equipped vehicles. Crowthorne, Berkshire: Transport Research Laboratory, 1996.

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Breeze, R. H. The behaviour of teenage cyclists at T-junctions: An observational study for the AA Foundation for Road Safety Research. Basingstoke: Automobile Association, Foundation for Road Safety Research, 1990.

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Ramm, Dorothy V. Drinking and driving: Selected research literature. Evanston, Ill. (P.O. Box 1409, Evanston 60204): Northwestern University Traffic Institute, 1987.

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Ramm, Dorothy V. Drinking and driving, selected research literature. Evanston, Ill. (P.O. Box 1409, Evanston 60204): Northwestern University Traffic Institute, 1987.

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Stutts, Jane C. Bicycle accidents: An examination of hospital emergency room reports and comparison with police accident data : paper presented at the 67 Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., January 11-14, 1988. Chapel Hill, N.C: University of North Carolina, Highway Safety Research Center, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Traffic accidents Australia Research"

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Igboanugo, A. C., and E. Francis Ekhuemelo. "Intervention Analysis of Road Traffic Accidents in Nigeria." In Advanced Materials Research, 375–82. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-450-2.375.

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Lei, Yang, and Zhang Zhijun. "Design and Research of Traffic Accidents Simulation System." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 109–15. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23998-4_17.

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Yu, Jianyou, Zhigang Feng, Liang Ju, Xiu Pan, Xianyu Wu, and Yusen Chen. "Analysis for the causes of traffic accidents on different expressway sections based on association rules." In Frontier Research: Road and Traffic Engineering, 506–11. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003305002-67.

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Lim, Inkyu, Xuefeng Piao, Yue Qin, and Zhenzhou Ji. "Research on Traffic Accidents Classification Oriented to Emergency Call System." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 552–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00214-5_70.

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Wu, Zhi Jun, and Peng Jyun Liu. "Research on Improved Design of Distance Measuring Wheel for Measuring Traffic Accidents." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 343–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51828-8_45.

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Roy, Nabanita, Abhishek Chakraborty, Sudeshna Mitra, and Bhargab Maitra. "Identification and Prioritization of Factors Responsible for Road Traffic Accidents in India." In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference of Transportation Research Group of India, 219–34. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4204-4_13.

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Li, Zhuan, Xin Guo, and Jiadong Sun. "Analysis and Research on the Temporal and Spatial Correlation of Traffic Accidents and Illegal Activities." In Cloud Computing and Security, 418–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00021-9_38.

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Žuraulis, Vidas, and Vidmantas Pumputis. "Vision Zero in Lithuania." In The Vision Zero Handbook, 1–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23176-7_15-1.

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AbstractThis chapter covers statistical data and initiatives related to the challenges and achievements of road safety in Lithuania. After providing an overview and an evaluation of previous programs to improve road safety in Lithuania, we discuss a selection of various improvements and assessment of safe traffic measures and their efficiency through relevant information from research and statistical data analysis. Priorities to achieve safer behavior of road users, safer streets and roads, safer vehicles, safer rail transport, and higher survival rates after accidents are discussed in more detail. The country-specific issues of pedestrian fatalities in dark hours, intensive land transportation due to geographical location, and accidents related to railway level crossings are also presented.
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Žuraulis, Vidas, and Vidmantas Pumputis. "Vision Zero in Lithuania." In The Vision Zero Handbook, 399–438. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76505-7_15.

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AbstractThis chapter covers statistical data and initiatives related to the challenges and achievements of road safety in Lithuania. After providing an overview and an evaluation of previous programs to improve road safety in Lithuania, we discuss a selection of various improvements and assessment of safe traffic measures and their efficiency through relevant information from research and statistical data analysis. Priorities to achieve safer behavior of road users, safer streets and roads, safer vehicles, safer rail transport, and higher survival rates after accidents are discussed in more detail. The country-specific issues of pedestrian fatalities in dark hours, intensive land transportation due to geographical location, and accidents related to railway level crossings are also presented.
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Winkle, Thomas. "Introduction." In Product Development within Artificial Intelligence, Ethics and Legal Risk, 1–6. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-34293-7_1.

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AbstractWith regard to safe product development in the dilemma between Artificial Intelligence, ethics and legal risk, Prof. Dr.-Ing. MBA Thomas Winkle first provides a meta-analysis on safety assessment based on accident data examples to show possible definitions of safety benefits and risk. With more than 20 years of research and consulting at three automobile manufacturers, Thomas Winkle also points to disasters from nuclear power plant accidents at Chernobyl and Fukushima. Further comparisons between global mortality rates of women and men to life expectancy of different countries of the world compared to the traffic mortality sensitize for ethical relevance and accepted risk today.As the first of its kind, the scientific analysis in this book uses one example to analyze all police-reported traffic accidents nationwide in Saxony (1.28 million) over a 10-year period. Relevant examples highlight technical, ethical, and legal requirements for the development and production of automated vehicles with image recognition and Artificial Intelligence. The inclusion of highly sensitive international court rulings and growing consumer expectations make the book a helpful guide for product development from the initial idea to market launch. Qualitative interviews within the development departments of automobile manufacturers show how a structured guideline-based process with expert feedback loops increases product quality in terms of safety in use and functional safety. Finally, there follows a development guide with a checklist of 101 questions on the requirements that contribute to the duty of care in the development of automated vehicles and fulfill the highest court rulings on product liability.
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Conference papers on the topic "Traffic accidents Australia Research"

1

Ali Alsaleh, Amer. "Road Traffic Accidents in Kuwait (Triangulation Method Study)." In Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference Proceedings. Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/qfarc.2016.sshapp1174.

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Li, Lihong. "Research on Relief Right of Road Traffic Accidents." In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Culture, Education and Economic Development of Modern Society (ICCESE 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iccese-19.2019.434.

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Jayawardana, Manuja, and Kasun Karunanayaka. "Towards Reducing Traffic Accidents through Assisting Drivers." In 2022 2nd International Conference on Advanced Research in Computing (ICARC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icarc54489.2022.9754180.

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Ditcharoen, Alyssa, Bunna Chhour, Tunyarat Traikunwaranon, Nalin Aphivongpanya, Kunanon Maneerat, and Veeris Ammarapala. "Road traffic accidents severity factors: A review paper." In 2018 5th International Conference on Business and Industrial Research (ICBIR). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbir.2018.8391218.

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Chengxu, Lv, Zhou Wei, Cai Fengtian, Zhang Weigong, and Li Xu. "Research on Key Technologies of Vehicle Traffic Accidents Rescue." In 2012 Third International Conference on Digital Manufacturing and Automation (ICDMA). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdma.2012.254.

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Chengxu, Lv, Zhou Wei, Cai Fengtian, Zhang Weigong, and Li Xu. "Research on Key Technologies of Vehicle Traffic Accidents Rescue." In 2010 International Conference on Optoelectronics and Image Processing (ICOIP). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icoip.2010.160.

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He, Song-Bai, Ya-Jun Wang, Yue-kun Sun, Wen-Wei Gao, Qiang Chen, and Ya-Qin An. "The Research of Multidimensional Association Rule in Traffic Accidents." In 2008 4th International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing (WiCOM). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wicom.2008.2844.

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KAVALAMTHARA, PETER J., SAJAN CYRIL, YIYANG LIU, and VIVIENNE SAVERIMUTTU. "ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS: REVIEWING THE EFFICACY OF ROAD SAFETY MEASURES IN NEW SOUTH WALES, AUSTRALIA." In DISASTER MANAGEMENT 2019. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/dman190031.

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Yu, Dan, Jiajia Li, Haitao Chen, and Xiaomei Yi. "A Research on Time Distribution of Traffic Accidents on Road." In 2009 Second International Conference on Intelligent Computation Technology and Automation. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icicta.2009.574.

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Svetlík, Jozef, Milan Konárik, and Monika Šullová. "PREPARATION OF VOLUNTARY FIRE BRIGADES FOR INTERVENTIONS IN TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS." In 14th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation. IATED, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2021.1770.

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Reports on the topic "Traffic accidents Australia Research"

1

Liu, Hongrui, and Rahul Ramachandra Shetty. Analytical Models for Traffic Congestion and Accident Analysis. Mineta Transportation Institute, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2102.

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In the US, over 38,000 people die in road crashes each year, and 2.35 million are injured or disabled, according to the statistics report from the Association for Safe International Road Travel (ASIRT) in 2020. In addition, traffic congestion keeping Americans stuck on the road wastes millions of hours and billions of dollars each year. Using statistical techniques and machine learning algorithms, this research developed accurate predictive models for traffic congestion and road accidents to increase understanding of the complex causes of these challenging issues. The research used US Accidents data consisting of 49 variables describing 4.2 million accident records from February 2016 to December 2020, as well as logistic regression, tree-based techniques such as Decision Tree Classifier and Random Forest Classifier (RF), and Extreme Gradient boosting (XG-boost) to process and train the models. These models will assist people in making smart real-time transportation decisions to improve mobility and reduce accidents.
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Sarofim, Samer, and Aly Tawfik. Creating Safer Communities for the Use of Active Transportation Modes in California: The Development of Effective Communication Message Strategy for Vulnerable Road Users. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2030.

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Despite increased efforts to improve safety in recent years (e.g., the Focus Cities Program in California), California continues to have a high rate of pedestrian and bicyclist fatalities. Currently, the state currently lacks a cohesive messaging strategy to improve behaviors related to pedestrian and cyclist traffic safety practices. To fulfill this need, this research showcases the differential effect of message framing on attitudes and intended behaviors related to pedestrian and cyclists traffic safety practices. This project investigated factors & risky behaviors contributing to accidents involving vulnerable road users, preventive measures to decrease accidents involving vulnerable road users, and more. The qualitative analysis presented a significant lack of coherent, long-term, evidence-based communication strategies that aimed at enhancing the safety of vulnerable road users in California. Quantitatively, this research also experimentally investigated various messages, employing different time horizons and regulatory focus message framings. Findings indicate that the messages with a limited time horizon tend to be associated with better safety perceptions and attitudes than messages with an expansive time horizon. California transportation authorities, professionals, and advocacy groups will be able to use this information to effectively allocate the communication effort and spending to induce attitudinal and behavioral change that can impact the safety of active transportation modes.
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Sarofim, Samer, and Aly Tawfik. Creating Safer Communities for the Use of Active Transportation Modes in California: The Development of Effective Communication Message Strategy for Vulnerable Road Users. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2030.

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Despite increased efforts to improve safety in recent years (e.g., the Focus Cities Program in California), California continues to have a high rate of pedestrian and bicyclist fatalities. Currently, the state currently lacks a cohesive messaging strategy to improve behaviors related to pedestrian and cyclist traffic safety practices. To fulfill this need, this research showcases the differential effect of message framing on attitudes and intended behaviors related to pedestrian and cyclists traffic safety practices. This project investigated factors & risky behaviors contributing to accidents involving vulnerable road users, preventive measures to decrease accidents involving vulnerable road users, and more. The qualitative analysis presented a significant lack of coherent, long-term, evidence-based communication strategies that aimed at enhancing the safety of vulnerable road users in California. Quantitatively, this research also experimentally investigated various messages, employing different time horizons and regulatory focus message framings. Findings indicate that the messages with a limited time horizon tend to be associated with better safety perceptions and attitudes than messages with an expansive time horizon. California transportation authorities, professionals, and advocacy groups will be able to use this information to effectively allocate the communication effort and spending to induce attitudinal and behavioral change that can impact the safety of active transportation modes.
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Kulhandjian, Hovannes. Detecting Driver Drowsiness with Multi-Sensor Data Fusion Combined with Machine Learning. Mineta Transportation Institute, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2015.

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In this research work, we develop a drowsy driver detection system through the application of visual and radar sensors combined with machine learning. The system concept was derived from the desire to achieve a high level of driver safety through the prevention of potentially fatal accidents involving drowsy drivers. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, drowsy driving resulted in 50,000 injuries across 91,000 police-reported accidents, and a death toll of nearly 800 in 2017. The objective of this research work is to provide a working prototype of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems that can be installed in present-day vehicles. By integrating two modes of visual surveillance to examine a biometric expression of drowsiness, a camera and a micro-Doppler radar sensor, our system offers high reliability over 95% in the accuracy of its drowsy driver detection capabilities. The camera is used to monitor the driver’s eyes, mouth and head movement and recognize when a discrepancy occurs in the driver's blinking pattern, yawning incidence, and/or head drop, thereby signaling that the driver may be experiencing fatigue or drowsiness. The micro-Doppler sensor allows the driver's head movement to be captured both during the day and at night. Through data fusion and deep learning, the ability to quickly analyze and classify a driver's behavior under various conditions such as lighting, pose-variation, and facial expression in a real-time monitoring system is achieved.
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Hovakimyan, Naira, Hunmin Kim, Wenbin Wan, and Chuyuan Tao. Safe Operation of Connected Vehicles in Complex and Unforeseen Environments. Illinois Center for Transportation, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/22-016.

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Abstract:
Autonomous vehicles (AVs) have a great potential to transform the way we live and work, significantly reducing traffic accidents and harmful emissions on the one hand and enhancing travel efficiency and fuel economy on the other. Nevertheless, the safe and efficient control of AVs is still challenging because AVs operate in dynamic environments with unforeseen challenges. This project aimed to advance the state-of-the-art by designing a proactive/reactive adaptation and learning architecture for connected vehicles, unifying techniques in spatiotemporal data fusion, machine learning, and robust adaptive control. By leveraging data shared over a cloud network available to all entities, vehicles proactively adapted to new environments on the proactive level, thus coping with large-scale environmental changes. On the reactive level, control-barrier-function-based robust adaptive control with machine learning improved the performance around nominal models, providing performance and control certificates. The proposed research shaped a robust foundation for autonomous driving on cloud-connected highways of the future.
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