Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Trading relations'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Trading relations.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Trading relations.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Li, Kwai-yin, and 利葵燕. "A study of employee relations in a trading fund department: the case of electrical and mechanicalservices trading fund." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31965325.
Full text
2
Li, Kwai-yin. "A study of employee relations in a trading fund department : the case of electrical and mechanical services trading fund /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18596290.
Full text
3
Garza, Rafael H. "The U.S. and Mexico trading partners, reluctant military allies /." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2010/Mar/10Mar%5FGarza.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Western Hemisphere))--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2010.Thesis Advisor(s): Velazques, Arturo C. Sotomayor. Second Reader: Trinkunas, Harold A. "March 2010." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 27, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: U.S.-Mexico Relations, Civilian Control, Civil-Military Relations, International Relations Theory, Bilateral Affairs, Military Cooperation. Includes bibliographical references (p. 49-53). Also available in print.
4
Belousova, Valentina. "U.S. Bilateral Trade with its Major Trading Partners and Russia." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29552.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines U.S. exports and imports to/from its major 15 trading partners and Russia. To analyze U.S. export and import flows the gravity model approach is used. Factors affecting U.S. bilateral trade flows with its 16 trading countries are evaluated using Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). Annual data from 2000 to 2009 are used for this study. Goods traded between the U.S. and its trading partners are disaggregated into three groups based on the Standard International Trade Classification (SITC). Results show that major factors affecting both U.S. export and import flows are distance and change in polity score. Also U.S. exports are influenced by U.S. trading partner Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for agricultural (AGR) and middle sector (MID) groups. U.S. foreign direct investment is a complement for U.S. exports of final (FIN) group and at the same time it serves as substitute for U.S. exports of AGR. On the other hand, U.S. imports of AGR and foreign direct investment (FDI) from 16 trading partners to the U.S. are substitutes. This study also reveals that the U.S. and Russia bilateral trade could be improved through economic growth in both countries, improving political cooperation and increasing inward and outward FDI.
5
Ditchburn, David. "Merchants, pedlars and pirates : a history of Scotland's relations with Northern Germany and the Baltic in the later Middle Ages." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327783.
Full text
6
Dogaheh, Kamal Javadi. "Integrating energy into the world trading system : law and policy." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2007. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2429/.
Full textAbstract:
Energy is required to manufacture a good or create a service and the energy sector is the backbone of every economy. Until recently, governments worldwide have considered the energy sector too cmcial to be left to market forces. Accordingly, energy markets have been fragmented and segmented into national and highly protected markets. Likewise, international trade in energy has traditionally been synonymous with petroleum trade, which in turn has been effectively regulated by the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), outside the reach of the multilateral trading system. However, the past two decades have seen the emergence of a trend towards the introduction of the trade discourse into the energy sector. This trend has two main components. The first component has its roots in the efforts made at the bilateral, regional, and international levels to impose GATT-type and even GATT-plus disciplines on energy trade. In this regard, mention may be made of the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement, the NAFTA agreement, and the Energy Charter Treaty. The second component, initially originated at the national level, has been the deregulation movement, namely reforming the electricity and natural gas industries. As a result of this policy shift, the electricity and national gas industries have been evolving from monopolistic into competitive industries with increasing numbers and types of participants. Accordingly, trade in electricity and gas is a new dimension of trade in energy, which is particularly relevant to the trade in services debate. It should be noted, however, that the GATS ongoing energy services negotiations also include the liberalization of oil and gas field services, which are related to the upstream segment of the oil and natural gas industries. Two WTO agreements, namely the GATT and the GATS, are of particular importance in analysing these components. Furthermore, in order to give the full picture of the current energy trade debate, the dual pricing debate and the relevant developments of the Subsidies and Countervailing Measures Agreement and their potential implications for trade in energy-intensive products should also be examined. The purpose of this study is to explore in extensive detail the two aforementioned components that shape the current energy debate. It is aimed at analysing the relationship between these components in the context of the energy trade discourse. The overall aim is to provide a better understanding of the processes and trends relating to this complex, multidimensional and dynamic subject and to identify how and to what extent trade in energy is integrated into the world trading system. Some tentative observations are also made with the desire to point towards the next steps.
7
Shiravi-Khozani, Abdolhossein. "The legal aspect of international countertrade, with reference to the Australian Legal System." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phs5577.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Bibliography: leaves 462-479. "... to provide a basis for understanding countertrade practices. In particular, however, it aims to provide assistance to trading parties to identify the problems associated with various forms of countertrade and to give them guidance in drafting countertrade contracts in the light of Australian law.".
8
Meijer, Hugo. "Trading with the enemy : the making of US export control policy toward the People’s Republic of China." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0001.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse porte sur l’élaboration de la politique américaine de contrôle des exportations de technologies à double usage vers la République populaire de Chine (1979-2009). Cet aspect de la relation sino-américaine n’a jamais fait l’objet d’une monographie dans l’après-Guerre froide. En s’appuyant sur un vaste corpus de sources primaires (170 entretiens, documents d’archives déclassifiés, auditions parlementaires et Wikileaks), cette thèse se propose de combler cette lacune dans la littérature sur les relations sino-américaines et d’enrichir les ressources conceptuelles et méthodologiques actuellement disponibles pour l’étude de l’élaboration de la politique étrangère. Le schéma explicatif proposé vise à dépasser la dichotomie ‘déterminants internes/externes’ de la politique étrangère. D’une part, ce schéma intègre trois ensembles de variables – internationales, sociétales et étatiques – tout en examinant leur jeu interactif ; de l’autre, des méthodes et concepts relevant de la sociologie des élites sont employés afin d’identifier les acteurs clé participant au processus décisionnel. Cette étude montre que, après l’effondrement de l’Union soviétique, une combinaison de variables structurelles, bilatérales et internes – et leurs interactions réciproques – ont érodé la capacité des États-Unis de contrôler, au niveau tant unilatéral que multilatéral, le transfert de technologies à double usage vers la Chine. Dans l’environnement stratégique, économique et technologique de l’après-Guerre froide, la stratégie consistant à utiliser les contrôles à l’exportation comme un outil de containment technologique/économique vis-à-vis de la Chine est devenue de moins en moins viableThis dissertation examines the making of US export control policy on dual-use technologies toward the People’s Republic of China (1979-2009). This facet of the Sino-American relationship has never been the subject of a monograph in the post-Cold War period. By relying on a large body of primary sources (170 interviews, declassified documents, congressional hearings, and Wikileaks), this work aims at partially filling this gap in the literature and at enriching the conceptual and methodological tools currently available for the study of foreign policy making. To do so, the proposed explanatory framework seeks to overcome the dichotomy ‘international versus domestic sources’ of foreign policy. On the one hand, this framework integrates three sets of variables – international, societal, and the state – while also examining their interactive interplay; on the other, it employs concepts and methods developed within the literature on the sociology of elites to identify the key actors involved in the decision-making process. This study shows that, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, a combination of structural, bilateral and domestic variables – and their reciprocal interactions – have eroded the capacity of the United States to restrict, both unilaterally and multilaterally, the transfer of dual-use technologies to China. In the strategic, economic, and technological environment of the post-Cold War era, using export controls, unilaterally or in concert, as a tool for technological/economic containment vis-à-vis China has become increasingly unviable
9
Eruysal, Esra. "Economic Relations Between Turkey And Iran From 1990 To 2010: A Turkish Perspective." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613959/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to analyze the transformation of Turkey&rsquos relations with Iran in the 1990s and 2000s from the perspective of &ldquo
trading state&rdquo
in a historical framework. In this context, the political and economic relations between Turkey and Iran are discussed by taking into consideration the internal transformation of Turkish economy. This thesis argued that the course of Turkey&rsquo
s relations with Iran in the 1990s is mainly shaped by the military-political considerations. Not only political but also economic relations between Turkey and Iran were negatively affected by tensions and rivalry between the parties during the 1990s. Despite the counter-efforts of some of the business circles and the political parties, neither the economic nor the political relations did improve. Unlike the 1990s, Turkey&rsquo
s relations with Iran in the 2000s are largely shaped by economic and commercial considerations. Increasing dialogue and developing cooperation at the political level are positively reflected in the economic relations. As a result of the eagerness of Turkish businessmen towards the development of economic relations with Iran and the intensive support of the political elites, economic relations substantially improved in the 2000s. However, rising foreign trade relations between the parties created an asymmetric dependence to the detriment of Turkey, rather than mutual interdependence as Iran benefits more from this relationship due to its oil and natural gas exports. The increasing relationship between Turkey and Iran supports the argument that Turkey is emerging as a &ldquo
trading state&rdquo
in the 2000s.
10
Cheuk, Ka-Kin. "Global fabric bazaar : an Indian trading economy in a Chinese county." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9bab3226-0601-40e1-8342-9bea4919f5e0.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is primarily based on ethnographic fieldwork that lasted fifteen months, between 2010 and 2012, in Keqiao, a municipal county in eastern Zhejiang Province, China. Despite its inferior administrative status and rather inland location, Keqiao is China's trading frontier for fabrics, which are the semifinished textiles that are industrially weaved, knitted, dyed, and printed in bulk before being exported. Contributing to the turnover of more than one-third of all fabric produced in China, the county's fabric wholesale market is not only the mainstay of Keqiao's economy. It is also the world's centre for fabric supplies, and where around 10,000 Indians have flocked to start their intermediary trading businesses. The major aim of this thesis is to examine the everyday encounters between Indians and Chinese in the local fabric market. It begins by exploring how Keqiao emerged as the global distribution centre for a wide variety of cheap fabrics. It also shows how Keqiao becomes characterized by the growing importance of low-end fabric sales and the influx of Indian traders, who specialize in exporting these fabrics. The thesis then describes the encounters between Indians and local Chinese in the fabric market, addressing the challenges and difficulties that these Indians, especially the newcomers, confront when dealing with the Chinese suppliers. Focusing on novice traders, the thesis turns to investigate the internal dynamics of Indian trading companies. Remarkably, novice Indian traders successfully learn several strategies to counteract their precarious position in the workplace. These strategies leverage the accumulation of work experience and expanding social networks. These insights bring the thesis to chapters that highlight other strategies, particularly those created from encounters between Indian traders and Chinese clerks, as well as those between Indian traders and Chinese salespersons. Taken together, this thesis illustrates how transnational and local actors team up to create their own, locally based, intermediary economy within a small Chinese county, and how such a collaborative economy, which I term a 'global fabric bazaar', sustains these actors. Without this collaborative economy, these players would otherwise be vulnerable within the fabric wholesale industry because this supply chain is increasingly polarized and weakened by today's global capitalism.
11
Abebe, Opeyemi Temitope. "Regional trade agreements and its impact on the multilateral trading system: eroding the preferences of developing countries?" Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this paper was to examine the impact that the proliferation of regional trade agreements have had on the Multilateral Trading System and whether by allowing regional trade agreements under the World Trade Organization rules, the members of the World Trade Organization have not unwittingly weakened the multilateral trading system. It also examined the effect the proliferation of regional trade agreements have had on the special and deferential treatment for developing countries within the system.
12
Gradin, Sofia Persdotter. "The power of trade : upgrade-focused prefigurative trading projects as a tool for equalising trade relations across colonial divides." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2015. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/23194.
Full textAbstract:
To counteract the colonial division of labour and equalise trade relations across the global North and South, Global Value Chains (GVC) analysts have advocated value chain upgrade. Such upgrade would entail a much-needed financial improvement for Southern producers. Rather than turning to governments and IGOs, GVC analysts have generally addressed their policy suggestions to firms directly. There is an idea that firms can actively disentangle and disrupt prevalent hierarchies in their own activities. This thesis looks closer at prefigurative politics as a political strategy and asks: are prefigurative upgrade projects a successful tool for equalising trade relations across colonial divides? Can individual firms disentangle colonial inequalities in trade? As marxists and decolonial theorists have argued, global trade inequalities are about more than money: economic relations are inherently political. The 'value' in Global Value Chains should be understood not only as return on investment or profit, but also as something broader, a question of what makes a good life and a balanced division of work in society. GVC analysis has hitherto paid insufficient attention to these insights. As a remedy this thesis proposes the addition of a new concept to the GVC toolbox, voice' upgrade', i.e. an improvement of the ability of all actors in the chain to speak and listen about the political questions of value. Two case studies are used to ground the discussion: firstly, the trading of coffee from the Zapatistas in Mexico to Café Libertad in Germany. Secondly, the export of spice blends and sauces from the Western Cape of South Africa via the firm Turqle. These prefigurative projects both subvert and reproduce prevailing hierarchies. Importantly, while the former is possible,it requires deliberate facilitation.
13
Luhnen, Lennart. "Feasibility study of a customer relationship management system in a traditional German mid size trading company." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50355.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2005.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research report, "Feasibility study of a customer relationship management system in a traditional German mid size trading company", presents both a theoretical and practical overview of customer relationship management. The research methodologies used are described in the introductory chapter. The theoretical part of the report covers relevant customer relationship management theory, and defines and explains the principles of customer relationship management, including the objectives and the strategic intention ofthis approach. Furthermore, the building blocks of customer relationship management systems are explained in detail. In the latter part of the section on theory, managerial aspects like effectiveness, efficiency and the measurability of success with customer relationship systems are discussed. The theory part of this research project concludes with a chapter on the success factors of customer relationship management, describing important aspects of the integration of such a system. The practical part of this research project was conducted in co-operation with the chemical company Lehmann & Voss & Co in Hamburg, Germany. The company was able to provide a division that is interested in the management approach to customer relationship management. They were interested in establishing whether this management approach could be used to their advantage in business. The cooperation with this particular division is regarded as a pilotproject for customer relationship management by the company management. The practical part of this research report begins with general information about the company. Corporate culture, as well as the different aspects of the business, is described. This is followed by information about the division involved in this research project. Business processes, customer base and business performance are covered. In addition, a requirement profile for the division's customer relationship management has been created. This requirement profile is followed by a discussion of the systemic environment in which the company operates. Finally, a conclusion with recommendations for the company situation concerning customer relationship management has been established.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie navorsing verslag met die titel "Feasibility study of a customer relationship management system in a traditional German mid size trading company" dek die teoretiese en praktiese deel ten opsigte van kliëntverhoudingsbestuur. Die navorsingsmetodiek word beskryf in die hoofstuk "Research Methodology". Die teoretiese deel dek die teorie van kliëntverhoudingsbestuur ten opsigte van alle belangrike aspekte van hierdie spesifieke bestuursbenadering. Dit verduidelik die definisie en die beginsels van kliëntverhoudingsbestuur insluitend die objektiewe en strategiese doel van die benadering. Verder meer, word die boublokke van 'n kliëntverhoudingsbestuurstelsel breedvoerig bespreek. In die laasgenoemde deel word die teoretiese bestuursaspekte, soos byvoorbeeld effektiewiteit, doeltreffenheid, en vergelyking van sukses met die kliëntverhoudingsbestuurstelsel bespreek. Die teoretiese deel van hierdie navorsingsprojek eindig met 'n hoofstuk oor die suksesfaktore van kliëntverhoudingsbestuur. Dit is 'n beskrywing van kritiese belangrike aspekte van die integrasie van so 'n stelsel. Die praktiese deel van hierdie navorsingsprojek is vasgestel in samewerking met die chemiese firma Lehmann & Voss & Co in Hamburg, Duitsland. Die firma was in staat om 'n afdeling wat belang het in bestuurs- en kliëntebenadering, beskikbaar te stel. Die belangrikheid is om die vraag te beantwoord of hierdie bestuursbenadering tot voordeel van die firma gebruik kan word. Die samewerking met hierdie besondere afdeling word beskou as 'n proef-projek vir kliëntverhoudingsbestuur . Die praktiese deel begin met algemene inligting ten opsigte van die firma. Korporatiewe kulture, sowel as verskeie aspekte van die besigheid, word beskryf. Die algemene inligting omtrent die firma word gevolg met inligting omtrent die betrokke afdeling wat saamwerk. Besigheidsprosedures, kliëntbasisse en besigheidsprosedure is gedek. Verder meer, is ook 'n studie uitgevoer om 'n behoefteprofiel op te stel vir kliëntverhoudingsbestuur in die spesifieke afdeling van die firma. Die profiel word opgevolg met 'n bespreking van die sistimatiese omgewing waarin die firm bedryf word. Ten slotte is 'n konklusie bereik met voorstelle vir die firma se spesifieke situasie ten opsigte van kliënteverhoudings.
14
HABERL, CHRISTIANE. "HAVE THE CHICKENS LEARNED HOW TO COME HOME TO ROOST? AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF ANTIDUMPING INITIATIONS AGAINST THE UNITED STATES." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1186451519.
Full text
15
Esno, Tyler P. "Trading with the Enemy: U.S. Economic Policies and the End of the Cold War." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1486807359479029.
Full text
16
Hampton, Clark J. "The effects of risk and trust on the achievement of sustainable competitive advantage from B2B e-commerce trading relationships." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4772.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation consists of three interrelated studies focusing on the use of business-to-business (B2B) electronic commerce (e-commerce) to facilitate supply chain transactions. B2B e-commerce enabled supply chains produce substantial savings for organizations by reducing the amount of time and money necessary to negotiate contracts, processes orders, and pay suppliers. However, doubt exists as to whether reduced transaction costs are a sustainable competitive advantage for organizations. The advent of widespread and cost effective B2B e-commerce enabled supply chains coupled with increasingly complex, dynamic, and global competitive markets are encouraging organizations to form long-term relationships with their trading partners to achieve sustainable competitive advantage from improved supply chain performance. Competition is no longer restricted to large firms and end-product producers, but now encompasses the extended organizational supply chain. Using three separate, but related theories, these studies investigate 1) the factors affecting satisfaction with B2B e-commerce trading relationships, 2) the antecedents and effects of risk and trust on assurance desirability in B2B e-commerce partnerships, and 3) the impact of enterprise risk management procedures on the achievement of sustainable competitive advantage from B2B e-commerce enabled transnational alliances. Critical to achieving sustainable competitive advantage from B2B e-commerce capabilities is the existence of long-term mutually satisfying buyer—supplier relationships. The first study examines the antecedents of relationship satisfaction between B2B e-commerce trading partners. Using the relational view of the firm, a theoretical model is developed to investigate the direct and countervailing effects of trust and risk on relationship satisfaction. In addition, the indirect effects of justice and commitment on relationship satisfaction are also investigated. A field survey is used to collect data from 205 industry professionals concerning B2B e-commerce trading partnerships. Structural equation modeling is used to evaluate the hypothesized model relationships. The results support all hypotheses and indicate good model fit with strong explanatory power. This study contributes to the accounting information systems and strategic management literature by investigating the interactive but independent roles of risk and trust within B2B e-commerce trading relationships. The second study examines the integrative effects of power, risk, and trust, along with their antecedents, on the desirability of assurance over a trading partner's e-commerce processes. Using the resource advantage theory of competition as a foundation, a research model is developed to examine the relationships among the various trading partners and organizational factors that drive demand for a high information governance structure such as assurance. A field survey is used to collect data from 205 industry professionals to enable the evaluation of the complex relationships in the overall research model using structural equation modeling. The results support all hypotheses and provide good model fit, strong explanatory power, and strong support for the theory. This study expands the literature on management control systems within interorganizational relationships by addressing three contemporary concerns in the literature: (1) the minimal consideration of the impact of information technology in these relationships, (2) the minimal consideration of the impact of variances in the relative power of the trading partners, and (3) the need to consider the dual influence of risk and trust. Globalization places greater emphasis on the development of transnational alliances. The greatest benefits from alliances are derived from high-level information sharing, but risk escalates with information sharing. The purpose of the third study is to examine the influence of enterprise risk management (ERM) on risk and trust associated with transnational alliances and the resulting impact on interorganizational information sharing. Survey data is gathered from 200 senior-level managers monitoring transnational alliances. Structural equation modeling is used to test the hypothesized relationships. The results provide strong support for the hypothesized relationships and the overall research model, showing that high ERM leads to decreased risk, increased trust, and improved information sharing.ID: 030646263; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references.
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Business Administration
Business Administration; Accounting Track
17
Delport, ClydeniaL Edwina. "Towards a fairer multi-lateral trade relations between the European union and African Caribbean and pacific countries?" University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7779.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Legum - LLMSugar, bananas, beef and cotton are some of the few products, which are the primary commodities in many African, Caribbean and Pacific countries (ACP).2 Many are highly vulnerable small islands, landlocked and least developed states,' thus rendering the above-mentioned sectors, of great importance to their economies." In these countries, for instance, the sugar producers often provide housing, health care, education and other benefits.i
18
Blumenfeld, Leah H. "Trading Democracy for Security? The Effects of the International Drug War on the Quality of Democracy in the Dominican Republic, 1996 -2008." FIU Digital Commons, 2010. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/165.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the research is to study the relationship between international drug interdiction policies and domestic politics in fragile democracies, and to demonstrate how international drug control policies and the use of force fit the rhetoric of war, are legitimized by the principles of a just war, but may also cause collateral damage and negative unintended consequences. The method used is a case study of the Dominican Republic. The research has found that international drug control regimes, primarily led by the U.S. and narrowly focused on interdiction, have influenced an increasingly militarized approach to domestic law enforcement in the Dominican Republic. The collateral damage caused by militarized enforcement comes in the form of negative perceptions of citizen security, loss of respect for the rule of law and due process, and low levels of civil society development. The drug war has exposed the need for significant reform of the institutions charged with carrying out enforcement, the police force and the judicial system in particular. The dissertation concludes that the extent of drug trafficking in the Dominican Republic is beyond the scope of domestic reform efforts alone, but that the programs implemented do show some potential for future success. The dissertation also concludes that the framework of warfare is not the most appropriate for the international problems of drug traffic and abuse. A broader, multipronged approach should be considered by world policy makers in order to address all conditions that allow drugs to flourish without infringing upon democratic and civil rights in the process.
19
Wang, Shuye. "Asymmetric lead-lag relation, nonsynchronous trading, time-varying risk premium, and cointegration." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ35984.pdf.
Full text
20
Koutník, Vojtěch. "Tradice a současnost česko-japonských vztahů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-191528.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this paper is to describe the history of Czechoslovak-Japanese relations and Czech-Japanese relations since their conception until now. The paper is based on the social constructivist theory formulated by Alexander Wendt. The development of the relations is interpreted through Wendt's concept of national and social identities, while the main focus lies on the political dimension and historic context, under which the interactions between Czechoslovakia and Japan (or Czech Republic and Japan) were acted out. The final part of the paper, which describes the current state of Czech-Japanese relations, introduces the phenomena of globalization as a crucial power transforming the international system and the socially constructed reality of international relations, and analyses its influence on the relations between the two countries.
21
Manson, Johnnie. "Relational Nations : trading and sharing ethos for Indigenous food sovereignty on Vancouver Island." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/56281.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores how Indigenous conceptualizations of being and place influence the food trading and sharing behavior of Indigenous people on Vancouver Island. Chapter 1 utilizes critical theory to explore how historically and contemporarily Indigenous nations and people practiced a relational politics where political activity and subjectivity is nested within the tenets of relationality, respect, beneficial reciprocity, and responsibility. Chapter 1 demonstrates that Canada utilized science and rationalism to assert sovereignty and jurisdiction over Indigenous lands, nations, and people. This process altered Indigenous conceptualizations of political subjectivity. Chapter 1 conducts a theoretical exegesis of state conceptualizations of sovereignty, which reveals how food-based politics can be alternately conceptualized and enacted. That is, I argue for a relational politics oriented explicitly towards recognizing, learning from, and incorporating the concerns of the most vulnerable members of Indigenous communities – human and nonhuman – as a mechanism for relational self-determination. In Chapter 2 I analyze the trading and sharing practices of 14 Indigenous people in rural and urban Vancouver Island using an Indigenous research paradigm, qualitative research methods, and critical theory as a mode of analysis. Chapter 2 demonstrates that Indigenous trading and sharing behavior is influenced by ancestral conceptualizations of place and that enactment of these place-based worldviews changes to fit the social context in which Indigenous people find themselves. Indigenous trading and sharing behavior enables Indigenous people to fulfill relational obligations to community, each other, and their non-human kin. Hence, food trading and sharing is a mechanism for relational politics and is used by Indigenous traders and sharers to engage with, cope, and overcome dominant conceptualizations of political subjectivity. In Chapter 3, I reflect on what I have learned from Indigenous traders and sharers, and situate their stories and propositions within a broader dialogue with Indigenous and non-Indigenous social theorists on the meaning of relationships, value, and political subjectivity.Science, Faculty of
Resources, Environment and Sustainability (IRES), Institute for
Graduate
22
Peng, Feng. "La politique chinoise en matière de changement climatique : évolutions et perspectives." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1041.
Full textAbstract:
Le changement climatique est l'un des plus importants enjeux mondiaux. D'une part, la question du changement climatique est liée aux intérêts fondamentaux de l'humanité tout entière, dont elle menace le développement et la destinée future voire la survie. D'autre part, la diplomatie, dans les principaux domaines de la politique internationale, et en raison du manque de moyens, peine à atteindre une logique d’action collective et à établir une gouvernance climatique mondiale. Par sa croissance économique rapide, la Chine est devenue le plus grand émetteur mondial de gaz à effet de serre, et joue un rôle clé dans la diplomatie climatique. L’évolution de sa position dans les négociations sur le climat influence l’architecture du changement climatique international, pour la période pré-2020 aussi bien que pour l’après-2020. La recherche se concentre sur les interactions entre politiques locales, politiques nationales et la diplomatie sur le climat pour mettre en évidence les perspectives de la politique du changement climatique en Chine. Selon cette étude, la construction d’une civilisation écologique et la dé-carbonisation profonde de la Chine reposent principalement sur la transformation de son mode de développement économique. L’instrument de marché d'échange de carbone jouera un rôle décisif dans la future politique climatique de la Chine. Cela déterminera sa politique étrangère future, et lui permettra de jouer un rôle plus constructifClimate change is one of the most important global issues of the world. On the one hand, the issue of climate change relates to the fundamental interests of the whole humanity, its development and future destiny, and even threats its survival. On the other hand, climate diplomacy, from the different perspectives of the main areas of international politics, and for lack of means, struggles to reach a logic of collective action in global climate governance. With its rapid economic growth, China has become the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases and plays a key role in climate diplomacy. The evolution of its climate negotiation position influences the international climate change architecture for the pre and post-2020 period. The research will focus on the interaction between local policies, national policies and climate change foreign policy, in order to highlight the perspectives of climate change policy in China. According to this research, the construction of ecological civilization and its deep decarbonisation action in China need the transformation of the economic mode of development. Carbon trading market instruments will play a decisive role in China’s future climate policy. It will determine its foreign policy, and allow China to play a more constructive role
23
Smrčinová, Tereza. "Tradice a současnost česko-nizozemských vztahů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-113564.
Full textAbstract:
The master thesis analyzes a development of Czech-Dutch relations from the first contacts in the Middle Ages till the present. The thesis is divided into chapters chronologically but the emphasis is placed on the 20th century also because of the number of sources. Bilateral relations of these two actors of the international relations are examined on the political, economic and cultural level. The master thesis is based first of all on the archival sources of the Ministry of Foreign Affaires of the Czech Republic and it is the first overview which is given on the mutual Czech-Dutch relations according to the three above mentioned levels.
24
Packies, Hilton. "The market abuse control legislative regime of South Africa, Nigeria and the United Kingdom - an approach to regulation and monitoring in relation to certain aspects of the financial markets of South Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5174.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Legum - LLMThe regulation of market abuse is currently an ever evolving subject, to such an extent that it has been placed as a high priority for regulators worldwide.¹ The Financial Markets Act 19 of 2012 (FMA) of South Africa² prohibits improper practices and is aimed at ensuring that market participants operate in a market that is free, safe and fair. In light of the above and as per example, all members of the stock exchange ensure that they accordingly adhere to the aims of the FMA by exercising functions such as due diligence and having a shared goal in embedding the values entrenched in the FMA.³ The purpose of this dissertation is aimed at assessing the key elements of the transformation process that the South African financial markets have embarked on, since the introduction of the FMA. More specifically, the paper aims to focus on the elements in relation to market abuse practices.⁴ The paper seeks to: 1. provide an overview analysis of the current market abuse control enforcement framework in relation to some selected aspects of the financial markets in South Africa. 2. look at the regulation employed in one of the biggest trading products namely, equities and current lacuna, the legislation that governs high frequency trading under these trading products and in general. 3. review whether regulation in South Africa on market abuse practices are robust enough to deal with key market abuse practices such as insider trading and market manipulation that manifested during the recent global financial crisis. 4. provide a comparative review of the current market leaders regulatory mechanisms on market abuse.
25
Nicolas, Théo. "Essays on SME finance and banking." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01E049.
Full textAbstract:
Dans un environnement économique encore fragilisé par la Grande Récession, les PME apparaissent comme un moteur essentiel de l’activité et de l’emploi. Dans cette thèse, j’examine les déterminants et les conséquences des contraintes financières des PME afin d’identifier les formes de financement bancaire les mieux adaptées à leurs situations. Le premier chapitre analyse les effets des modèles d’activité bancaire sur le financement des PME et montre que les banques de trading augmentent les contraintes de crédit de court terme ainsi que les coûts de financement. Surtout, l’externalité négative du trading sur la disponibilité du crédit de court terme est encore plus forte pour les banques fortement capitalisées et dépendantes des produits dérivés. Le deuxième chapitre porte sur l’effet bénéfique de la relation bancaire pour les PME. Nous montrons que les prêteurs relationnels pratiquent des taux plus élevés en période de croissance et des taux plus bas en période de crise. Cependant, en incluant les entreprises monobancaires dans notre analyse, nous constatons que ce mécanisme assurantiel dépend de la capacité des entreprises à diversifier leurs emprunts auprès de plusieurs banques. Enfin, le troisième chapitre se focalise sur les effets réels des contraintes financières. Mes résultats mettent en lumière l’importance capitale du financement de court terme pour l’investissement des PME à travers le canal du besoin en fonds de roulement. Les entreprises qui ont des opportunités d’investissement ne peuvent pas les saisir car les contraintes de crédit de trésorerie les obligent à allouer davantage de cash-flow au financement du besoin en fonds de roulementRepresenting a clear driver for growth and employment, small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) have gained considerable attention in the aftermath of the Great Recession. In this thesis, I both examine the determinants and consequences of SMEs financial constraints in order to identify the most appropriate types of bank financing for their situations. The first chapter analyzes the effects of trading bank business models on SME finance and shows that trading banks increase both short term credit constraints and funding costs. Importantly, the negative impact of trading-banks on short term credit availability is even stronger for banks with higher capital and derivatives.The second chapter deals with the beneficial effect of relationship lending for SMEs. Following the literature that has investigated the countercyclical effect of relationship lending on interest rates, we show that relationship lenders charge higher rates in good times and lower rates in bad times. However, we include single-banked firms in the scope and find that this insurance mechanism depends on the firm ability to diversify its borrowing.The third chapter focuses on the real effects of financial constraints. While the literature examining the effects of financial constraints on firms’ investment has traditionally ignored loan maturity, my results emphasize the importance of short-term finance for SMEs through the working capital channel. The real effect of short term financial constraints arises when firms with opportunities to invest may be blocked from doing so because rationing may force them to allocate additional cash-flow to finance their working capital needs
26
Aupiais, Dominique. "La part celtique dans l'héritage culturel et politique des comptoirs français de l'océan Indien." Thesis, La Réunion, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LARE0001/document.
Full textAbstract:
De la création de la compagnie d'Orient en 1642 à la fin du privilège de la compagnie française des Indes en 1767, s'étend la période des comptoirs français de l'océan Indien. Pendant plus d'un siècle, on assiste à l'installation dans chacun d'eux de quelques centaines de colons, venus en majorité des côtes bretonnes, normandes et poitevines. Où se fixent-ils durablement ? D'abord au Fort Dauphin, puis à l'île Bourbon, à Pondichéry, Mahé, Chandernagor, Karikal, Yanaon, à l'île de France, à Rodrigues et enfin aux Seychelles. Ces colons ont la mentalité de leurs compatriotes de l'ouest de la France, marquée par un profond ancrage des caractères celtiques. Pourquoi l'Ouest possède-t-il ce particularisme ? Parce qu'il a été relativement épargné par les invasions venues du sud et de l'Est de l'Europe (romanisation, germanisation). Cette thèse définit le celtisme qui s'y est maintenu et ce qu'il a pu apporter à l'interculturalité indocéaniqueFrom the inception of French Orient Company in 1642 to the end of the royal privilege bequeathed to the French East Indian Company in 1767, stretches the French trading post colonial period in the Indian Ocean. During more than one century, hundreds of colonists coming from littoral Brittany, Normans or Poitiers will settle in these outlandish outposts: In Fort Dauphin (Madagascar), in Bourbon Island, in Mahé (India), Chandernagor, Karikal, Yanaon, Isle de France, Rodrigues and the Seychelles. The settlers possess the cultural psyche of their compatriot of western France characterised by a deep celting rooting. Why does the western France possess such a specific feature? Because this part of France has been relatively spared by the many invasions coming from the South and the East of Europe: romanization and germanization. This thesis describes celtism witch was displayed in those regions and it has enriched “indoceanic interculturality”
27
Lukaštíková, Iva. "Tradice a současnost česko-dánských vztahů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-11062.
Full textAbstract:
The diploma thesis describes and analyses relations between the Czech state and the Kingdom of Denmark. It is focused on the time period from the Middle Ages till today, however the key part examines the 20th century. The diploma thesis comprises several areas of the Czech-Danish relations, mainly deals with the political and diplomatic affairs and focuses also on economic and cultural connections. Due to lack of printed sources the thesis draws from the materials of the Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic and is therefore the first comprehensive overview of the relations between these two states.
28
Silva, L?gia Maria da. "Ora??es relativas no portugu?s brasileiro em perspectiva hist?rica." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2015. http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/20705.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-06-14T19:47:40Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
LigiaMariaDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 955615 bytes, checksum: d4c185ecc2c3aa05d67035e6cf08dd50 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-15T21:27:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LigiaMariaDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 955615 bytes, checksum: d4c185ecc2c3aa05d67035e6cf08dd50 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-15T21:27:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LigiaMariaDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 955615 bytes, checksum: d4c185ecc2c3aa05d67035e6cf08dd50 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-20
Neste trabalho, focalizamos as estrat?gias de relativiza??o, em corpus diacr?nico do Portugu?s Brasileiro (PB). Em linhas gerais, objetivamos investigar o uso das relativas em perspectiva hist?rica no PB, focalizando motiva??es cognitivas e interacionais implicadas e a correla??o com as tradi??es discursivas. A perspectiva te?rica que fundamenta o nosso estudo ? a da Lingu?stica Funcional de vertente norte-americana, inspirada em Talmy Giv?n, Sandra Thompson, Paul Hopper, Joan Bybee, Elizabeth Traugott, M?rio Martelotta, Ang?lica Furtado da Cunha, entre outros, conjugada a contribui??es das Tradi??es Discursivas, com base em autores como Kabatek, Koch e Oesterreicher. Quanto ? metodologia, a nossa pesquisa ? eminentemente qualitativa, no sentido de que busca elucidar motiva??es discursivo-pragm?ticas e cognitivas relacionadas ao uso das estrat?gias de relativiza??o no PB; e tem suporte quantitativo, no que se refere ao aspecto mensur?vel dos dados e caracteriza??o do objeto de estudo e sua frequ?ncia de uso. Para esta investiga??o, utilizamo-nos dos corpora do projeto Para a Hist?ria do Portugu?s Brasileiro (PHPB), de modo mais espec?fico, das cartas particulares, oficiais, de leitor e de redator escritas entre os s?culos XVIII e XX, de quatro estados: Minas Gerais, Paran?, Pernambuco e Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados desta pesquisa revelam a varia??o no dom?nio da relativiza??o, tendo em vista o aumento do percentual de relativas cortadoras no corpus desta investiga??o, ainda que a ocorr?ncia dessa estrat?gia esteja mais restrita ?s cartas particulares. Al?m disso, verificamos fatores de natureza cognitiva como redu??o do custo cognitivo e economia relacionados ? ocorr?ncia da relativa cortadora, principalmente, nas cartas particulares; aspectos como a necessidade de expressividade e clareza relacionados ao uso, mesmo que pouco frequente, da copiadora, principalmente nas cartas oficiais; e fatores de ordem comunicativa como a esfera p?blica de circula??o de parte das cartas da amostra, como nas cartas de redator e do leitor, e o distanciamento entre os interlocutores implicados mais diretamente no uso das relativas padr?o da nossa amostra.
In this study, we focus on the relativization strategies, in diachronic corpus of Brazilian Portuguese (BP). Generally speaking, we aim to investigate the use of the relative in a historical perspective on BP, focusing on semantic-cognitive and discursive-pragmatic motivations involved and the correlation with the discursive traditions. The theoretical perspective underlying our study is the North-American Functional Linguistics, inspired by Talmy Giv?n, Sandra Thompson, Paul Hopper, Joan Bybee, Elizabeth Traugott, Mario Martelotta, Angelica Furtado da Cunha, among others, combined with contributions of Discursive Traditions, based on authors such as Kabatek, Koch and Oesterreicher. As for the methodology, our research is eminently qualitative, in the sense that it seeks to elucidate semantic-cognitive and discursive-pragmatic motivations related to the use of relativization strategies in BP; and it has quantitative support, with respect to measurable data aspect and characterization of the object of study and its frequency of use. For this investigation, we use the corpora of the project Para a Hist?ria do Portugu?s Brasileiro (PHPB), more specifically, the particular, official, reader and redactor letters written between the eighteenth and twentieth centuries, from four states: Minas Gerais, Paran?, Pernambuco and Rio de Janeiro. The results of this research reveal the variation in relativization strategies, in view of the increase in the relativa cortadora (prepositional chopping strategy) percentage in the corpus of this investigation, even though the occurrence of this strategy is more restricted to private letters. In addition, we found factors of cognitive nature such as reduction in cognitive cost and economy related to the occurrence of that relative strategy, principally in private letters; aspects such as the need for expressiveness and clearness related to the use, even if infrequent, of the relativa copiadora (resumptive strategy), especially in official letters; and factors of communicative order such as the public sphere of circulation of the sample letters, as in the redactor and reader letters, and the gap between the parties most directly involved in the use of the standard relative of our sample.
29
Silva, Vilma Nunes da. "Os Brutos: tradi??o liter?ria e a mem?ria cultural do Serid?" Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2005. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/16217.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:06:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
VilmaNS.pdf: 1867652 bytes, checksum: 8d1ce42f8201b8730c18fbd5558ee311 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2005-12-20Partindo do princ?pio de que a for?a centralizadora do discurso do narrador sob o universo romanesco encontra-se regido por nuan?as s?cio-ideol?gicas que fazem parte do mundo psicol?gico do autor, procede-se uma leitura cr?tica de Os Brutos (1938), romance de estr?ia do escritor Jos? Bezerra Gomes. O trabalho mencionado visa a tecer algumas considera??es em torno do ponto de vista do narrador, enfocando a encena??o do EU no cen?rio art?stico-liter?rio e sua interfer?ncia no modo de narra??o da citada obra. O procedimento metodol?gico adotado foi a pesquisa bibliogr?fica, e como aporte te?rico recorreu-se ? cr?tica especializada que trata da tem?tica em quest?o. Ao final percebeu-se que o discurso do narrador possui um car?ter ambivalente, o qual permite que o interlocutor presente n?o assuma uma perspectiva fixa diante do que narra
30
Ананченко, А. В. "Сучасний стан запобігання торгівлі людьми в українському громадянському суспільстві." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2018. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/9802.
Full textAbstract:
В повідомленні досліджуються суспільні загрози торгівлі людьми та загальносоціальні і спеціальні заходи запобігання названої злочинної діяльності. Пропонуються висновки і рекомендації по удосконаленню законодавства та заходів запобігання торгівлі людьми.В сообщении исследуются общественные угрозы торговли людьми и общесоциальные и специальные мероприятия предотвращения названной преступной деятельности. Предлагаются выводы и рекомендации по усовершенствованию законодательства и мероприятий предотвращения торговли людьми.
In a report probed public threats of trading in people and zagal'nosocial'ni and special measures of prevention of the adopted criminal activity. Conclusions and recommendations are offered on the improvement of legislation and measures of his prevention
31
Deme, Mamadou Hady. "L'armée dans la démocratisation tardive en Guinée Conakry." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0253/document.
Full textAbstract:
En Afrique subsaharienne, la suprématie civile sur les forces armées été l’une des principales lacunes dans l’évolution des institutions étatiques. Les forces armées, dans la plupart des pays, ont encore un rôle politique important La démocratisation tardive en Guinée résulte en Guinée a toujours butté sur les relations ambivalentes et complexes entre l’armée et pouvoir politique. Ces relations s’inscrivent dans une problématique globale de politisation de l’armée. Avec à son actif deux coups d’Etats militaires, la politisation de l’armée est allée de pair avec une dégradation des bases institutionnelles de l’Etat. Cette étude analyse le va et vient permanent entre processus de démocratisation et restauration autoritaire. Les réformes menées allant dans le sens de redéfinition de la politique de sécurité en Guinée se sont cristallisées autour du programme Réforme des Systèmes de Sécurité qui est un enjeu essentiel pour la consolidation des acquis démocratiques d’une part et la dynamique de reconstruction de l’Etat d’autre partIn Sub-Saharan Africa, civil supremacy over the armed forces has been one of the main gaps in the evolution of the state public institution. Armed forces, in most country, still play an important political role. Late democratization in Guinea results into ambivalent and complex relations between the army and the political power. Those relations are part of the global issue of the politization of the army. With two military coup d’Etats, the politization of the army went hand in hand with a degradation of institutional bases of the State. This study is the analysis and forth between democratization and authoritarian restoration. Policy reforms carried out so far that seeks to redefine the concept of security policy in Guinea have crystallised around the Security Reform System which is on the one hand, a key issue to consolidate democratic achievements and on the other hand, the dynamics of State reconstruction
32
Westberg, Wilhelm. "Att avnotera aktier : - En studie av förutsättningarna för att genomföra en avnotering av aktier i enlighet med svensk rätt, särskilt i relation till skyddet av minoritetsaktieägarnas intressen." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-432833.
Full text
33
Niemeyer, Jonas. "Essays on market microstructure : empirical evidence from some Nordic exchanges." Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Finansiell Ekonomi (FI), 1994. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-885.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation consists of five separate and self-contained essays. They have been written as distinct papers. Although there is a fair amount of overlap and cross-reference in analysis and discussion, the intention is that potential readers should be able to read them separately. Essay 1: An Empirical Analysis of the Trading Structure at the Stockholm Stock Exchange.This essay describes and analyzes the trading structure at the Stockholm Stock Exchange. In the empirical part, we report stylized facts based on intraday transaction and order book data, focusing on the intraday behavior of returns, trading activity, order placement and bid/ask spread, on the importance of the tick size and finally on some characteristics of the limit order book. Our main empirical conclusions are that a) the intraday U-shape in trading activity found in earlier U.S. studies on the whole also pertains to the Stockholm Stock Exchange, b) the limit order placement also follows an intraday U-shape, c) there is no distinct intraday pattern in returns, d) the volatility and bid/ask spread seems to be higher at the beginning of the trading day, e) the tick size is economically important, and f) the price impact of an order is a nonlinear function of its quantity, implying price inelastic demand and supply. Essay 2: An Empirical Analysis of the Trading Structure at the Stockholm Options and Forwards Exchange, OM.We first describe and analyze the trading structure at the Stockholm Options and Forward Exchange, OM Stockholm. It is characterized by some interesting market microstructure features, such as a high degree of transparency in a fully computerized trading system and a possibility to submit combination orders. We also present empirically results from tests on the intra- and interday trading volume of the OMX index derivatives, both in terms of number of contracts traded and in terms of number of transactions. There is evidence of a high degree of intraday variation in trading volume and some interday variation. The extension of trading hours of the underlying stocks, during the studied period should, according to modern trade concentration models, affect the distribution of trading across the day. Although no formal test of the models is possible with this data set, we are able to shed some supportive additional light on all of these models. Essay 3: Tick Size, Market Liquidity and Trading Volume: Evidence from the Stockholm Stock Exchange. (This essay was co-authored with Patrik Sandås.)The regulated tick size at a securities exchange puts a lower bound on the bid/ask spread. We use cross-sectional and cross-daily data from the Stockholm Stock Exchange to assess if this lower bound is economically important and if it has any direct effect on market depth and traded volume. We find a) strong support that the tick size is positively correlated to market depth and c) some support that it is negatively related to traded volume. We identify different groups of agents to whom a lower tick size would be beneficial and to whom it would be detrimental. Essay 4: An Analysis of the Lead-Lag Relationship between the OMX Index Forwards and the OMX Cash Index.This essay investigates the intraday lead-lag structure in returns between on the one hand the OMX cash index and on the other hand the OMX index forwards and the OMX synthetic index forwards in Sweden. The data set includes 22 months of data, from December 1991, to September 1993. It is divided into three sub-periods. The main conclusion is that there is a high degree of bidirectional interdependence, with both series Granger causing each other. Using a Sims-test, we find that the forwards as well as synthetic forwards lead the cash index with between fifteen and thirty minutes, while the cash index leads the forwards with about ten to fifteen minutes.. This implies a longer lead from the cash index to the forwards than in previous studies. The large interdependence could possibly be due to higher transaction costs, lower liquidity in the forward market and the specific trading environments used for Swedish securities. Essay 5: Order Flow Dynamics: Evidence from the Helsinki Stock Exchange. (This essay was co-authored with Kaj Hedvall.)This essay investigates the dynamics of the order flow in a limit order book. In contrast to previous studies, our data set from the Helsinki Stock Exchange encompasses the entire order book structure, including the dealer identities. This enables us to focus on the order behavior of individual dealers. We classify the events in the order book and study the structure of subsequent events using contingency tables. In specific, the structure of subsequent events initiated by the same dealer is compared to the overall event structure. We find that order splitting is more frequent than order imitation. Furthermore, if the spread increases as a result of a trade, other dealers quickly restore the spread, by submitting new limit orders. One conclusion is therefore that there exists a body of potential limit orders outside the formal limit order book and that there is a high degree of resiliency in our limit order book market. As a logical consequence, a large dealer strategically splits his order, in order for the market to supply additional liquidity. One interpretation of our results is that a limit order book market can accommodate larger orders than is first apparent by the outstanding limit orders. Another interpretation is that a limit order book structure gives room for informed traders to successively trade on their information. A third interpretation is that prices only slowly incorporate new information.Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan, 1994
34
Furse, Mark. "The investigation of anti-competitive conduct in the U.K. : an analysis of costs and benefits arising out of the application of the Fair Trading Act 1973 and the Competition Act 1980 in relation to the control of monopolies, complex monopolies and single-firm anti-competitive conduct." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/455.
Full textAbstract:
This PhD is an examination into some of the costs and benefits arising from the application of the Fair Trading Act 1973 and the Competition Act 1980 to single firm anti-competitive conduct and complex monopoly conduct in the United Kingdom. The theoretical arguments advanced for the application of competition policy generally, along with the costs identified as likely to flow from this policy, are examined in an attempt to devise a criteria by which the application of competition policy in specific casesm ay be assessedE. nforcement activity of the Office of Fair Trading (OFT) and Monopolies and Mergers Commission (MMC) is examined to consider the extent to which previous actions have resulted in outcomes that may be identified or measured. Three specific investigations conducted between 1993 and 1997 are examined in some detail in ChaptersS , 6 and 7. Thesea rc related in Chapter 8 to more general experienceso f thosei nvolved repeatedlyw ith the operation of the regimei n the United Kingdom. The experiencesa nd evidence drawn together in these four chapters have not, to the author's knowledge, previously been so considered or set out. It is shown that the mechanism by which the policy is put into effect is heavily criticised, and that there are aspects of the procedure that impose burdens beyond those necessary to achieve the given result. In this context the experience of the American regime is used as a comparative example. The work concludes with a synthesis of the problems identified, and offers some possible solutions to the difficulties raised by the regime at the time of writing. Some consideration is taken into account of the future shape of the regime following the entry into force of the Competition Act 1998, although much of the work presented here remains valid to the operation of the new regime.
35
Selnarová, Elisabeth. "Obnova struktury městské zástavby v historickém centru Strážnice." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-316325.
Full textAbstract:
This theses delves into the restaration of the structure of an urban area in the historical center of the town Strážnice. It covers a modular theme - Tradition of a folk architecture in the contemporary rural development. A location placed in a protected, historical center of the town Stražnice was chosen and a missing structure was designed. The investor requested a creation of a meeting zone for senior citizens and handicaped. This theses offers a detailed analysis of broader relations in the given location as well as presents an urban-architectural study of newly proposed structures.
36
Shih, Yen-Lin, and 施延霖. "Political and Economic Analyses on Cross-Strait Trading Relations of WTO Framework." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12336298747292814876.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立花蓮教育大學
社會發展研究所
96
Cross-strait continually acceded to WTO, should follow more liberalization trading open. Both have political presupposition because China insists “One-China policy”, Taiwan insists “sovereignty”. Cause “cold politics, warm economy”, it obstructs economic development. China’s economic ascendency fleetly, makes East Asia’s politics and economy hampered by China, promotes East Asia’s regional economic integration. Facing the wave of integration, how to avoid marginalizing Taiwan’s economy in the world. Taiwan should use resources of WTO to sign FTA with other nations, also use framework of WTO to be collaborative in economic issue with China. Cross-strait could toward FTA in the future, and it maintains Taiwan’s competitive advantage and international autonomy. After party transition, Taiwan’s internal political model formed “small ins and big outs”, to separate pan-blue and pan-green, they have opposite views on cross-strait relations. In this study, at the time of stalemate of cross-strait relations, it should be deliberating whether or not to have a common consensus of China policy in the interior of Taiwan. Oncoming the Legislative Yuan and the President elections in 2008, it has huge reference whether or not redeployment of Taiwan’s internal political model. To avoid “small ins and big outs” arises again, it should have a common consensus of China policy in the interior of Taiwan and negotiate with China. Taiwan should participate and perform in the key role actively, and create more peaceful future in political and economic development of cross-strait.
37
Baijnath, Kavita. "The African renaissance : what can be done to improve trading between South Africa and Africa." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1246.
Full textAbstract:
The fundamental aim of this study has been to analyze the experiences of fifteen small South African companies that are currently trading with Africa. The sample included Durban based businessmen who frequently travelled to the respective countries in Africa. Their responses were analyzed against the major documented challenges that are faced when trading in Africa. A wide range of literature has been consulted in order to familiarize the researcher with current business strategies practiced in South Africa, the bodies that have been set up to assist free trade between Africa and South Africa and business practices that are inherent to Africa. The recommendations conclude that the small businessman battles with on-the-ground trading, and even though much has been done by the South African government to "get his foot through the door", the smaller businessman battles with the day to day intricacies of trading in African countries. These problems have to be addressed, as it is the private sector, which is the engine for growth in Africa.Thesis (MBA)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2006.
38
Lin, Tzu-Chun, and 林子鈞. "Empirical Studies of Correlations Between Investor Relations Services and Securities Trading Activities in Taiwan." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59922406768381950209.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
財務金融學研究所
102
Investor relations services are gaining more attention among Taiwanese listed companies in the past few years. Companies start to provide investor contact services, hold investor conference call and disclose more information via their website and press release to create effective communication channel with their target investors. This article aims to explore the potential benefits from the investor relations service. After sending email questionnaires to 1506 listed companies, the researcher received 538 effective replies about their status of IR department initiation and employment of IR consultant services. The research categorized the IR department initiation status and the historical investor conference call records into proxy variables of investor relation services. The result indicates that the IR service proxies have significant positive correlation with foreign institutional holding rate and negative correlation with stock price volatility. The proxy variables can also partly explain the stock liquidity. However, the study didn’t find significant correlation between the IR service proxies and stock valuation.
39
Quinn, Alyson. "The implications of global trading for North/South relations: a case for fair trade." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/4215.
Full textAbstract:
Since mercantilism, which began in the mid 1600s, there have been numerous
systemic changes in the global trading system. The most significant changes have
been colonialism, the slave trade, peasant enclosures, industrialization and the
formation of global economic institutions. Each one of these has had a marked effect
on the distribution of resources and the wealth generated from their manufacture.
Mercantilism, a theory related to trade and commerce, brought about intense
competition amongst Northern countries in order to secure markets and resources.
Colonialism was a way of assuring traders access to both primary resources and
overseas markets in Southern countries. This pattern of trading whereby Southern
countries provide the raw resources for the benefit of those in the North is still
relevant, and has contributed significantly to divisions in wealth between the
hemispheres.
By the early 1800's mercantilists posed a threat to the aristocratic classes,
which found themselves land rich but money poor. This, along with the growing
movement towards industrialization, led to the eviction of peasants from land they
had lived on for centuries. Two sources of cheap labour became available. Peasants
who were desperate to find work in order to survive, and those deemed to be slaves
from the developing world. Their labour was used to clear land for cultivation and
for factory work. This combination of cheap labour and access to primary resources
from the South enabled Northern countries to forge ahead with the industrialization
of their economies.
The year 1944 was an important year for global trading. Three institutions,
namely the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank and the General
Agreement on Tarriffs and Trade (GATT) were formed shortly thereafter. These
international organisations would help solidify globally the ideology of laissez -faire
economics. They would also play a direct role in influencing Southern governments
to reduce trade barriers. It is claimed by critics that the IMF, the World Bank and
GATT have used their power to uphold policies which have pried open Southern
economies for the gain of those in the North. Critics believe these policies have been
particulary negative for those living a subsistence lifestyle. Poverty in the
developing world is currently at catasrophic levels with 34,000 children dying every "
day from malnutrition and disease. Some charge the IMF, World Bank and GATT for
increasing the vulnerability of the poor and ecological destruction.
Fair trade is a system of trade which deliberately seeks to establish a more
equal basis of exchange between the two geographical hemispheres. It helps to
counter some of the imbalances of the current trading system. With the commitment
of Alternative trading organisations (ATO's) thousands of men, women and children
have secured a lifestyle which is both economically viable and ecologically
sustainable. The challenge for fair trading is to apply alternative trade models more
widely, and to promote fair trading as a part of mainstream commercial activity.
One way the fair trading system is doing this is through labelling products sold in
supermarkets with a fair trade label. Those products with a fair trade label have
passed the fair trading criteria agreed to by the International Federation for
Alternative Trading.
Social Work is one of many professions that could help support fair trading.
By organising fair trade networks as part of social development practice, social work
could be active in supporting an economic system which empowers those who are
most disadvantaged, and thereby reduces the inequality perpetuated by the current
trading system.
There are a number of other key roles for social workers. They could educate
the public about global economic issues through conferences, workshops and
writing educational material. Another role for social workers is that of negotiation.
Social workers in the international development field would be in a good position to
link Southern producer groups to Northern fair trading businesses. They could also
link socially responsible business in the North to marginalised groups in their own
countries. A third role for social workers committed to fair trading, is research.
Topics could include ongoing analysis of the social and environmental effects of the
current trading system, exploring the effectiveness of various alternative trading
models and research on factors that could help facilitate the growth of socially
responsible business.
There are three international bodies which help social workers maintain a global
perspective. They are the IFSW (International Federation of Social Work), the LASSW
(International Association of Schools of Social Work) and the ICSW (International
Council on Social Welfare).
40
Wang, Yangmin. "The politics of US-PRC economic relations the issue of most-favored-nation trading status /." 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/33060278.html.
Full text
41
Huang, Chun-Hsiung, and 黃俊雄. "Discuss Relations of Core Stratege, Structure and Position of a Trading Firm Network from Value Net." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62923566889544979837.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
企業管理系碩士班
91
Industries in Taiwan have faced unfavorable factors including the global and domestic economical depressions. Industries in Taiwan are almost Small and Medium Enterprises, so their resource and ability are not enough to compete with overseas big companies. So enterprises should promote itself and competed ability of related suppliers to form an inseparable supply chain system. It is called value net and adjusts power of whole system to increase competition. Moreover, there is less research about value net of trading firms in Taiwan, so I choose a trading firm to analyze it. I hope I can discover relations of core stratege, structure and position from value net. Final, I hope to understand from which structure to construct value net. The study has discovered the following information： 1.Changes of network context will affect final network value and result in stratege changes of core members. 2.Stratege change of network core members will result in adjustment of operation scope, core competency and cooperated members. Moreover, affect the configuration of network structure and create final network value. 3.The trade value can be differentiated between five kinds：economical value, social value, knowledge value, technique value and stratege value. The trade value is related to trade relationship increasing progressively. 4.A factory owner supplies more or higher trade value and it is closer to core position. 5.By offering more and higher trade value, promote both sides dependence level and relationship stable level increasing, and it is closer to core position. 6.A trading firm operates more and it is closer to core position.
42
Cloyd, James Timothy. "Trading technology with Eastern Europe and the U.S.S.R.: Power, interests, institutions, and discourse among allies." 1991. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI9207375.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation analyses export control programs in the Western state system. The main focus is Western alliance collaboration on East-West technology transfer controls through COCOM. It examines post-1945 intra-alliance and intra-national perspectives on the relationship between East-West trade and Western security. Within four historical periods (1949-1964, 1965-1979, 1979-1989, 1989-1991) four questions are addressed: (a) How does the structural distribution of power and the nature of United States leadership affect collaboration on the form, the nature, and the enforcement of controls? (b) How does the nature of global economic competition affect Western alliance states' collaboration on and Western firms' compliance with export controls? (c) How does the nature and the distribution of power in intra-national politics on this issue affect United States policy and multilateral collaboration? (d) How does the nature of changing images and representations of security and threats to security affect United States policy and the nature of collaboration? The project thesis is that a multi-factor analysis is necessary for an appropriate understanding of the dynamics of discord and consensus over the terms of the Western alliance export control program. To conduct such an analysis the project draws on four theoretical frameworks: modified structural realism, a market explanation, institutionalism and discourse analysis. The study is a contribution to the literature on international relations theory, particularly the role of ideas in international policy collaboration. It draws on work in theories of language and discourse and microeconomic theories of contested exchange. The dissertation concludes that emerging opportunities regarding overall global security will result in a transformation of Western collaboration from East-West export control to a multi-directional technology transfer management system. The problems with this transformation and issues that must be addressed in a broader-based program (such as: the proliferation of missile, nuclear, and chemical weapons and environmental management) are considered.
43
Smook, Robert. "The evaluation of a strategic model for an export company amidst the challenges and constraints of the South African labour environment." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5571.
Full textAbstract:
M.Comm.The facts are : There is very little (if any) guidance from even the most reliable sources in terms of how to deal with labour at the moment. Poor discipline, unreasonable demands/expectations, unprocedural (unreasonable) work stoppages, etc., etc., are "the order of the day" everywhere we look and, hence, the "spillover" onto the shop floor. There is no single identified management style that will succeed without some failure during these times. In addition to that there is one huge awakening awaiting most of our managers in the manner in which they approach, discipline and manage subordinates. The objectives of this project can be summarised as follows : To gain some input, share experience and thoughts from other companies that are experiencing similar challenges. To carefully and objectively evaluate and analyse the existing strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats at the Company. To establish a strategic Management Model that will assist this, and other companies, to manage and remain focused through these times and that will improve communication, trust and understanding between all the role players in this complex business environment of ours. To set structures for tracking meetings to evaluate progress, share problems and concerns and to enhance cohesion amongst the management team.
44
Shiravi-Khozani, Abdolhossein. "The legal aspects of international countertrade, with reference to the Australian Legal System / by Abdolhossein Shiravi-Khozani." 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/19204.
Full textAbstract:
Bibliography: leaves 462-479.xx, 479 leaves ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
"... to provide a basis for understanding countertrade practices. In particular, however, it aims to provide assistance to trading parties to identify the problems associated with various forms of countertrade and to give them guidance in drafting countertrade contracts in the light of Australian law.".
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Law, 1998?
45
Shiravi-Khozani, Abdolhossein. "The legal aspects of international countertrade, with reference to the Australian Legal System." Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/19204.
Full textAbstract:
Bibliography: leaves 462-479.xx, 479 leaves ; 30 cm.
"... to provide a basis for understanding countertrade practices. In particular, however, it aims to provide assistance to trading parties to identify the problems associated with various forms of countertrade and to give them guidance in drafting countertrade contracts in the light of Australian law.".
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Law, 1998?
46
Chang, Wu Ming, and 吳明昌. "The Research of the Relations between the Variations of Taiwan Stock Index Future’s basis & spread and the Variations of Taiwan Stock Index & Trading Volume." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58142108463006435126.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立暨南國際大學
財務金融學系
96
It has been ten years since the first trade of local Taiwanese stock index future took place in July 21, 1998. In October 8, 2007, Taiwan Future Exchange further granted the consignment of spreads trading. The investors all care about the efficiency of stock and future markets. This research uses the OLS regression model to analyze how each variable can affect the basis and spread of Taiwan Stock Index Future. The daily data were from January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2007. And the following are the empirical results: 1.The trading volume, the period before expiration date, and the product that interest rate multiples the period can’t explain the basis no matter the contract is due in the current month or in the next month. Instead, Interest rate can strongly explain the basis of future due in current month but can’t explain the basis of future due in next month. 2.The trading volume can explain the spread and the relation is negative. But the result is significant only statistically and lack of the economic meaning. 3.The return rate of Taiwan Stock Index (TAIEX) can explain that if spread and the basis of contract due in the next month converges to zero or not. Meanwhile, the return rate of TAIEX can also positively affect the volatility of the basis which contract is due in the next month. 4.The volatility of trading volume can explain whether the spread converges to zero, and the relations are negative, which means as the trading volume becomes larger the spread will diverge from zero. Additionally, the volatility of trading volume can also affect the volatility of spread positively.
47
Pokothoane, Mokhele Wilfred. "Challenging trading traditional disciplining structures in a girl's high school in Lesotho : Exploring alternative ways of doing pastoral care." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/4610.
Full textAbstract:
This research concerns disciplinary practices within a school system in
Lesotho. The school that has been researched is a girl’s high school in
Maseru (the capital of Lesotho). The school belongs to the Anglican Church.
I (the researcher) am a Mosotho man and an English and Religious Studies
teacher in this school. For a while I have been concerned about the way
punishment happens in the school, often leaving girls feeling shamed and
powerless in the face of authority. I have also noticed that these disciplinary
practices are losing their effectiveness, in that girls are showing resistance to
the system. In other words corporal punishment, which has been the
traditional form of discipline, is proving ineffective in today’s world. The
researcher also considers this form of discipline abusive of power. It is in the
light of this that I worked within this system, both with pupils, as well as
teachers, to explore alternative practices that might work with pupils, that
are respectful of all parties concerned. The research is a participative action
research, using collaborative narrative practices in working with both
students and staff at the school.Practical Theology
M. Th. (Pastoral Therapy)
48
Chiu, Chiu-ting, and 邱秋婷. "Attribute-based relational mining for stock trading." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16606114540082515885.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中央大學
資訊管理研究所
95
In the traditional numerical data mining, the stock data is usually compared with fixed value (ex: the stochastic indicator D > 85 or K < 20). The relative comparison between stock information was rarely discussed (ex: the relation between K and D). Thus we propose an extended comparative framework on the numerical data. This framework includes the basic comparison “absolute comparison”. Besides, the “relative comparison” between values is added. The “greater than” and “smaller than” relationship will be obtained then. To advance further, this thesis makes use of understandable C5.0 decision tree classification method. In addition to “absolute comparison” and “relative comparison”, the “variable comparison” of values boundary would be found. We propose a different framework on data mining method which improves the decision tree to deal with each comparison and do some researches on data comparisons. In this thesis, there are three data types of comparison, and these are: absolute comparison, relative comparison, and variable comparison. We propose “relative comparison” and “variable comparison” for basic “absolute comparison”. As the result of t test via experiments, the accuracy and precision rate of “absolute + relative comparison” is higher than “absolute comparison”, and the performance of “variable comparison” is better than “absolute + relative comparison” significantly. Hence, this framework not only represents the basic “absolute comparison” of traditional data mining but also discovers diversified “relative comparison” and “variable comparison”. In this framework, potential valuable concept can be found.
49
Chuang, Ching-Yen, and 莊清焱. "Predicate-based relational mining for stock trading." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23811125830211713637.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中央大學
資訊管理研究所
95
The present research uses the framework of Inductive Logic Programming which is proposed by Muggleton in 1992, and tries to solve the problems which often use the absolute value comparison to handle the numeric data in the previous researches relate to Data Mining. Actually, the situations which use the relative value comparison to express are more complete than to use the absolute value comparison. Due to absolute comparison causes the insufficient background knowledge, we can improve the learning effect of data mining by other suitable techniques. The present research is to transform the original value comparison into logic analysis and increase the concept of relative comparison. It takes the absolute value comparison and relative value comparison as background knowledge of predicate, and collocates the intensional concept to simply the logic description in order to solve that there are many items which represent the same background knowledge in the logic decision of value comparison. Besides, the present research refines the FOIL algorithm of Inductive Logic Programming which is proposed by Quinlan in 1990. Because the stock market is a non-structural model, it has to use probabilistic logic inference to increase the flexibility of algorithm, and let this algorithm fit to apply in the similar model which doesn''t define the existent association between data clearly like stock market, so the present research proposes the concept of Inductive Probabilistic Programming. The present research takes stock market as example to learn the trading signals which are caused by the stock price raising or falling several days ago, and verify how much the learning accuracy and precision are improved. The results of experiment confirm when we add the concept of relative comparison, its learning accuracy and precision are obviously better than the situations which only use the absolute comparison.
50
Bedrossian, Robert. "The relation between option trading activity and equity volatility." Thesis, 1995. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/5290/1/MM01319.pdf.
Full text