Academic literature on the topic 'Trade poverty linkage'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Trade poverty linkage.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Trade poverty linkage"
1
ARNOLD, LUKE L. "LABOUR AND THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION: TOWARDS A RECONSTRUCTION OF THE LINKAGE DISCOURSE." Deakin Law Review 10, no. 1 (April 1, 2005): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/dlr2005vol10no1art270.
Full textAbstract:
<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>[</span><span>As the World Trade Organization approaches its ten-year anniversary, the long-discussed issue of linking the right to trade with the enforcement of cer- tain labour standards continues to persist. However, the discourse on the is- sue has hit a stalemate of late. In the hope of overcoming the stalemate and moving toward effective solutions on the issue, this paper explains and ex- amines four types of “conceptual differentiations” that currently underpin a significant portion of the labour linkage discourse. The “conceptual differ- entiations” examined are trade/non-trade; north/south; liberalisa- tion/protectionism; economic development/poverty; consumption/ production; universalist/relativist; WTO/ILO; and sanctions/welfare. A pol- icy proposal for further discussion on the issue is then presented, based on </span></p><p><span>a re-conceptualisation of the “conceptual differentiations” discussed</span><span>.] </span></p></div></div></div>
2
RASEALA, PROMISE, and NOZUKO HLWATIKA. "Child Support Grant Policy and Poverty Alleviation: Is there a link in Mamelodi Township, Gauteng Province." African Journal of Governance and Development (AJGD) 11, no. 1.2 (November 3, 2022): 276–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.36369/2616-9045/2022/v11si2a4.
Full textAbstract:
When governments around the world engage in public policy-making, quite often, the public officials and policy-makers are faced with discreet opposition from non-government organisations trade unions and civil societies. The public policymakers usually go ahead with the implementation of the suggested policy. For example, in South Africa (SA), Child Support Grant (CSG) was implemented in an attempt to alleviate poverty. This can be attributed to many factors, such as urgency in addressing the poverty gap in society and lack of interest from the members of the public in public policy-making. Based on capability and social security approach/strategy and rational approach, this study explores an outcomes-based evaluation of the CSG policy and its relationship with poverty alleviation in Mamelodi Township, Gauteng Province, SA. The empirical results indicate that there is a linkage or relationship between the reduction of poverty levels and the implementation of the CSG policy in Mamelodi Town. Keywords: Child Support Grant, Mamelodi, Poverty, Outcome-based Evaluation
3
Mwalo Mathias, Amata. "Pattern of local participation in tourism supply business within Kisumu County and its implication on tourism economic impact on poverty." International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Studies 2, no. 1 (June 2021): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31559/ijhts2021.2.1.4.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the study was to establish pattern of local participation in tourism supply business and its implication on local poverty reduction. The specific objective of the study included finding out the key local commodities that are important driver of tourism backward linkage with local economy of Kisumu County, establish differences in the average score profile among local suppliers and find out the main dimension along which they are separated. The study adopted across sectional and correlation design in which stratified random sampling of 106 tourism enterprises from a target population of 266 enterprises was obtained. Self – administered questionnaires were distributed to managers and collected by researcher. The first, second and third objectives were analysed using descriptive statistics, MANOVA and descriptive discriminant analysis respectively. It was found out that while poultry products, fish and vegetables were main commodities in the trade between local suppliers and tourist industry, fish, beef, and detergent were the most consumed commodities. Secondly, suppliers were different in their mean score profile by the value and quality of their supply, promptness in their delivery of supplies and in the longevity in commercial relationship with the tourist industry. Lastly, the suppliers were separated significantly along two main dimensions: The first dimension was interpreted to be efficiency and effectiveness, being represented by high value of weekly supply and high rating on promptness in making deliveries. The second dimension was experience, which was indicated by suppliers` education level and their longevity in the commercial relation with the tourist industry. The key contribution of the study is the creation of understanding of the main commodities driving tourism backward linkage with local economy and the factors which confer competitive advantage among local traders of Kisumu County in tourist industry.
4
Tinto, E. M., and K. G. Banda. "The Integrated National Electrification Programme and political democracy." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 16, no. 4 (November 1, 2005): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2005/v16i4a3077.
Full textAbstract:
Since the coming of democracy in South Africa, the last decade has been marked by extraordinary, yet positive changes in policy development. Democratic organisation, both as a system of government and as a value system commanding the support of ordinary people, is of key importance in these developments and the implications for South Africa are still being analysed. Noticeable are the fundamental changes in the energy sector where there has been a shift from energy self-reliance and energy security to a more sustainable policy approach driven by economic efficiency, social equity and environment protection. Institutes of Democracy like IDEA (2004) concur with this trend that a strong democratic system must support poverty reduction for meaningful democratic change and, in practice; this is clearly the trend being defined. It is now a sustainable development issue, and voter’s confidence that is fast becoming the defining principle and drives for rapid policy change and service delivery in the form of an Integrated National Electrification Programme (INEP) in the energy sector. Policy makers in energy policy acknowledge this phenomenon as defining what is now seen as a ‘post-apartheid energy paradigm shift’. In this paper, it is suggested that the National Electrification Programme (NEP) has performed beyond expectation in increasing access to electricity for the poor in the country. It is also argued that, there is now an electrification and political democracy nexus exhibited in social and political development of this country. In this line of thought, the argument given is that one of the reasons why people voted for the ruling party in 1999 and 2000 was the NEP. Furthermore this identified linkage provides policy recommendations that suggest that the government should deliver other basic services in a similar manner in order to gain people’s confidence. In South Africa, because of the country’s unique social, economic and political history, a trade-off between basic social service delivery and linkage with democracy then becomes very crucial. Keywords
5
Dunne, P., and L. Edwards. "Trade and Poverty in South Africa: Exploring the Trade-Labour Linkages." Studies in Economics and Econometrics 31, no. 2 (August 1, 2007): 49–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10800379.2007.12106427.
Full text
6
Siddiqui, Rizwana, and A. R. Kemal. "Remittances, Trade Liberalisation, and Poverty in Pakistan: The Role of Excluded Variables in Poverty Change Analysis." Pakistan Development Review 45, no. 3 (September 1, 2006): 383–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v45i3pp.383-415.
Full textAbstract:
This paper explores the impact of two shocks, trade liberalisation policies and decline in remittances, on welfare and poverty in Pakistan. It begins by reviewing the economy, which reveals that during the Nineties although import tariffs were reduced by 55 percent, poverty however remained higher in this period than in the Eighties. At the same time, Pakistan has experienced a slow down in the inflow of remittances, which reduces the incomes of households and puts pressure on the exchange rate resulting in reduction in the inflow of imports despite a reduction in import duties. Thus, in the absence of the effects of decline in remittances, the analysis of the impact of trade liberalisation policies may render biased results. This study overcomes this constriction and analyses the impact of trade liberalisation policies in the absence and presence of decline in remittances in a CGE framework with all the features necessary for trade policy analysis with poverty and remittances linkages. The simulation results show that a decline in remittances reduces the gains from trade liberalisation. The negative impact of remittance decline dominates the positive impact of trade liberalisation in urban areas. But, the positive impact of trade liberalisation dominates the negative impact of a decline in remittances in the case of rural areas. Poverty rises in Pakistan as a whole. It shows that the decline in remittance inflows is a major contributory factor in explaining the increase in poverty in Pakistan during the Nineties.
7
Nurlina and Neneng Miskiyah. "Rural Urban Linkages, Fair Trade and Poverty in Rural Urban Fringe." EUROPEAN RESEARCH STUDIES JOURNAL XX, Issue 2A (November 1, 2017): 264–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.35808/ersj/641.
Full text
8
Jamal, Haroon. "Does Inequality Matter for Poverty Reduction? Evidence from Pakistan’s Poverty Trends." Pakistan Development Review 45, no. 3 (September 1, 2006): 439–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v45i3pp.439-459.
Full textAbstract:
The paper explores the linkages between poverty, growth and inequality in the context of Pakistan. Time series macro data are used for the period 1979 to 2002. Consistent poverty and inequality measures are interpolated to facilitate the estimation of poverty elasticity with respect to growth and inequality in a multivariate regression framework. The paper also attempts to find out macroeconomic and structural correlates of inequality. The empirical findings—high poverty elasticity with respect to inequality measures—confirm the importance of inequality in poverty reducing effort. Inflation, sectoral wage gap, and terms of trade in favour of manufacturing exacerbate inequality, while progressive taxation, investment and development expenditure on social services play a significant role in reducing inequality. The results also indicate a positive correlation between per capita GDP and income inequality.
9
Noviani, Rita, Lutfi Muta'ali, and Nasruddin Nasruddin. "FACING SOLO RAYA METROPOLITAN CITY: ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT PLANNING." GeoEco 4, no. 2 (December 5, 2018): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/ge.v4i2.22508.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Since 2010 Solo Raya has became part of the metropolis candidates that will continue to grow along with the agglomeration of Jogjakarta and Semarang. The problems that trail is the tendency of metropolitan magnitude that resulted in less functioning of the city as a catalyst for regional development. Further impact is the lagging of small and medium-sized cities (Tjahjati, 1995). The development of urban system is determined by both the comparative advantage and the competitive advantages, such as location, natural resources and human resources (Metropolitan Directorate, 2003), so that in planning the development it should focus on the ability to cooperate or synergize between regions (spatial synergism) either in urban and rural area or on a wider scale, cooperation between cities.</p><p>The purpose of this research was to arrange aspects and decision criteria in developing metropolitan area of Solo Raya. The method used is literature study approach which is then analyzed descriptively.</p><p>The result of analysis showed that in metropolitan area of the world there are 4 (four) main characteristics and problems, they are: (1) city as center of population, economy and government activity, (2) city with environmental problems (air, land and water), as a result of population density, public transportation, and garbage, (3) city with problems in the land aspect (land prices and housing provision) and (4) city with problems on social aspects (criminals and terrorists). The formulation of metropolitan area development planning is done with 3 (three) considerations, they are: (1) avoiding high social segregation between and among regions, (2) creating a balance population mobility and intra and inter-regional services (spirit of togetherness), (3) creating a regional economy (growth, equity and welfare) based on the local potential which has inter-regional connectivity (harmonization). Aspects and criteria are: regional management (spatial planning policy, regional competitiveness, regional marketing, inter-regional cooperation), urbanization (migration, urbanization, agglomeration and conurbation, social integration), economic development (economic growth, employment, economic equalization, urban poverty), regional connectivity (transportation, rural-urban linkage, territorial function), and environment (environmental supporting capacity, disaster risk, environmental degradation, disaster mitigation). The decision priorities include: Industrial City, Service City, City of Tourism and Culture, Trade City, and Agriculture.</p><p> </p>
10
Bjelic, Predrag, and Ivana Popovic-Petrovic. "Aid for development of international trade." Medjunarodni problemi 64, no. 3 (2012): 359–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp1203359b.
Full textAbstract:
The development of international trade was very impressive in the second half of 20th century. But even with these great development opportunities that growth of international trade can bring the small number of developed economies had succeeded to ripe benefits from it in order to develop their economies and reduce poverty. Even with the establishment of the World Trade Organization it was apparent that developing countries need assistance in order to integrate fully in international trade system. The Aid for Trade, which is a part of Official Development Assistance focusing on trade, has an aim to help developing countries build their trade capacity and the transport infrastructure so they can use trade as a powerful engine for economic growth. This paper set out to describe this new programme of trade aid developed under the auspices of WTO, as a multilateral project, to point out the readiness of donor countries and aims of beneficiary countries. But we will explore the linkages of Aid for Trade programme with bilateral and regional aid initiatives in the area of trade.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Trade poverty linkage"
1
Naranpanawa, Athula Kithsiri Bandara, and n/a. "Trade Liberalisation and Poverty in a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) Model: The Sri Lankan Case." Griffith University. Griffith Business School, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070130.165943.
Full textAbstract:
Many trade and development economists, policy makers and policy analysts around the world believe that globalisation promotes growth and reduces poverty. There exists a large body of theoretical and empirical literature on how trade liberalisation helps to promote growth and reduce poverty. However, critics of globalisation argue that, in developing countries, integration into the world economy makes the poor poorer and the rich richer. The most common criticism of globalisation is that it increases poverty and inequality. Much of the research related to the link between openness, growth and poverty has been based on cross-country regressions. Dollar and Kraay (2000; 2001), using regression analysis, argue that growth is pro poor. Moreover, their study suggests that growth does not affect distribution and poor as well as rich could benefit from it. Later, they demonstrate that openness to international trade stimulates rapid growth, thus linking trade liberalisation with improvements in wellbeing of the poor. Several other cross-country studies demonstrate a positive relationship between trade openness and economic growth (see for example Dollar, 1992; Sach and Warner, 1995 and Edward, 1998). In contrast, Rodriguez and Rodrik (2001) question the measurements related to trade openness in economic models, and suggest that generalisations cannot be made regarding the relationship between trade openness and growth. Several other studies also criticise the pro poor growth argument based upon the claim of weak econometrics and place more focus on the distributional aspect (see, for example, Rodrik, 2000). Ultimately, openness and growth have therefore become an empirical matter, and so has the relationship between trade and poverty. These weaknesses of cross-country studies have led to a need to provide evidence from case studies. Systematic case studies related to individual countries will at least complement cross-country studies such as that of Dollar and Kraay. As Chen and Ravallion (2004, p.30) argue, 'aggregate inequality or poverty may not change with trade reform even though there are gainers and losers at all levels of living'. They further argue that policy analysis which simply averages across diversities may miss important matters that are critical to the policy debate. In this study, Sri Lanka is used as a case study and a computable general equilibrium (CGE) approach is adopted as an analytical framework. Sri Lanka was selected as an interesting case in point to investigate this linkage for the following reasons: although Sri Lanka was the first country in the South Asian region to liberalise its trade substantially in the late seventies, it still experiences an incidence of poverty of a sizeable proportion that cannot be totally attributed to the long-standing civil conflict. Moreover, trade poverty linkage within the Sri Lankan context has hardly received any attention, while multi-sectoral general equilibrium poverty analysis within the Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) based CGE model has never been attempted. In order to examine the link between globalisation and poverty, a poverty focussed CGE model for the Sri Lankan economy has been developed in this study. As a requirement for the development of such a model, a SAM of the Sri Lankan economy for the year 1995 has been constructed. Moreover, in order to estimate the intra group income distribution in addition to the inter group income distribution, income distribution functional forms for different household groups have been empirically estimated and linked to the CGE model in 'top down' mode: this will compute a wide range of household level poverty and inequality measurements. This is a significant departure from the traditional representative agent hypothesis used to specifying household income distributions. Furthermore, as the general equilibrium framework permits endogenised prices, an attempt was made to endogenise the change in money metric poverty line within the CGE model. Finally, a set of simulation experiments was conducted to identify the impacts of trade liberalisation in manufacturing and agricultural industries on absolute and relative poverty at household level. The results show that, in the short run, trade liberalisation of manufacturing industries increases economic growth and reduces absolute poverty in low-income household groups. However, it is observed that the potential benefits accruing to the rural low-income group are relatively low compared to other two low-income groups. Reduction in the flow of government transfers to households following the loss of tariff revenue may be blamed for this trend. In contrast, long run results indicate that trade liberalisation reduces absolute poverty in substantial proportion in all groups. It further reveals that, in the long run, liberalisation of the manufacturing industries is more pro poor than that of the agricultural industries. Overall simulation results suggest that trade reforms may widen the income gap between the rich and the poor, thus promoting relative poverty. This may warrant active interventions with respect to poverty alleviation activities following trade policy reforms.
2
Naranpanawa, Athula. "Trade Liberalisation and Poverty in a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) Model: The Sri Lankan Case." Thesis, Griffith University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366815.
Full textAbstract:
Many trade and development economists, policy makers and policy analysts around the world believe that globalisation promotes growth and reduces poverty. There exists a large body of theoretical and empirical literature on how trade liberalisation helps to promote growth and reduce poverty. However, critics of globalisation argue that, in developing countries, integration into the world economy makes the poor poorer and the rich richer. The most common criticism of globalisation is that it increases poverty and inequality. Much of the research related to the link between openness, growth and poverty has been based on cross-country regressions. Dollar and Kraay (2000; 2001), using regression analysis, argue that growth is pro poor. Moreover, their study suggests that growth does not affect distribution and poor as well as rich could benefit from it. Later, they demonstrate that openness to international trade stimulates rapid growth, thus linking trade liberalisation with improvements in wellbeing of the poor. Several other cross-country studies demonstrate a positive relationship between trade openness and economic growth (see for example Dollar, 1992; Sach and Warner, 1995 and Edward, 1998). In contrast, Rodriguez and Rodrik (2001) question the measurements related to trade openness in economic models, and suggest that generalisations cannot be made regarding the relationship between trade openness and growth. Several other studies also criticise the pro poor growth argument based upon the claim of weak econometrics and place more focus on the distributional aspect (see, for example, Rodrik, 2000). Ultimately, openness and growth have therefore become an empirical matter, and so has the relationship between trade and poverty. These weaknesses of cross-country studies have led to a need to provide evidence from case studies. Systematic case studies related to individual countries will at least complement cross-country studies such as that of Dollar and Kraay. As Chen and Ravallion (2004, p.30) argue, 'aggregate inequality or poverty may not change with trade reform even though there are gainers and losers at all levels of living'. They further argue that policy analysis which simply averages across diversities may miss important matters that are critical to the policy debate. In this study, Sri Lanka is used as a case study and a computable general equilibrium (CGE) approach is adopted as an analytical framework. Sri Lanka was selected as an interesting case in point to investigate this linkage for the following reasons: although Sri Lanka was the first country in the South Asian region to liberalise its trade substantially in the late seventies, it still experiences an incidence of poverty of a sizeable proportion that cannot be totally attributed to the long-standing civil conflict. Moreover, trade poverty linkage within the Sri Lankan context has hardly received any attention, while multi-sectoral general equilibrium poverty analysis within the Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) based CGE model has never been attempted. In order to examine the link between globalisation and poverty, a poverty focussed CGE model for the Sri Lankan economy has been developed in this study. As a requirement for the development of such a model, a SAM of the Sri Lankan economy for the year 1995 has been constructed. Moreover, in order to estimate the intra group income distribution in addition to the inter group income distribution, income distribution functional forms for different household groups have been empirically estimated and linked to the CGE model in 'top down' mode: this will compute a wide range of household level poverty and inequality measurements. This is a significant departure from the traditional representative agent hypothesis used to specifying household income distributions. Furthermore, as the general equilibrium framework permits endogenised prices, an attempt was made to endogenise the change in money metric poverty line within the CGE model. Finally, a set of simulation experiments was conducted to identify the impacts of trade liberalisation in manufacturing and agricultural industries on absolute and relative poverty at household level. The results show that, in the short run, trade liberalisation of manufacturing industries increases economic growth and reduces absolute poverty in low-income household groups. However, it is observed that the potential benefits accruing to the rural low-income group are relatively low compared to other two low-income groups. Reduction in the flow of government transfers to households following the loss of tariff revenue may be blamed for this trend. In contrast, long run results indicate that trade liberalisation reduces absolute poverty in substantial proportion in all groups. It further reveals that, in the long run, liberalisation of the manufacturing industries is more pro poor than that of the agricultural industries. Overall simulation results suggest that trade reforms may widen the income gap between the rich and the poor, thus promoting relative poverty. This may warrant active interventions with respect to poverty alleviation activities following trade policy reforms.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
Full Text
Books on the topic "Trade poverty linkage"
1
Kweka, Josaphat P. Trade, development and poverty in Tanzania: When does trade reduce poverty, when doesn't it, and why? : key messages on trade and poverty linkages in Tanzania. Dar es Salaam: Economic and Social Research Foundation, 2006.
Find full text
2
David, Orden, and International Food Policy Research Institute., eds. Pakistan's cotton and textile economy: Intersectoral linkages and effects on rural and urban poverty. Washington, D.C: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2008.
Find full text
3
Nazneen Kanji and Stephanie Barrientos. Trade Liberalisation, Poverty and Livelihoods: Understanding the Linkages. International Institute for Environment and Development, 2002.
Find full text
4
Strengthening the linkages between trade, development, and poverty reduction. Jaipur: CUTS Centre for International Trade, Economics & Environment, 2007.
Find full text
5
Strengthening the linkages between trade, development, and poverty reduction. Jaipur: CUTS Centre for International Trade, Economics & Environment, 2007.
Find full text
6
Strengthening the linkages between trade, development, and poverty reduction. Jaipur: CUTS Centre for International Trade, Economics & Environment, 2007.
Find full text
7
Strengthening the linkages between trade, development and poverty reduction. Jaipur: CUTS Centre for International Trade, Economics & Environment, 2007.
Find full text
8
CUTS Centre for International Trade, Economics & Environment (Jaipur, India), ed. Strengthening the linkages between trade, development, and poverty reduction. Jaipur: CUTS Centre for International Trade, Economics & Environment, 2007.
Find full text
9
Barrientos, Stephanie, and Nazneen Kanji. Trade Liberalisation, Poverty and Livelihoods: Understanding the Linkages: IDS Working Paper 159. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2002.
Find full text
10
A, Razzaque Mohammad, Raihan Selim, and Consumer Unity & Trust Society (Jaipur, India), eds. Trade-development poverty linkages: Reflections from selected Asian and Sub-Saharan African countries. Jaipur: CUTS International, 2008.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Trade poverty linkage"
1
Sinha, Madhabendra, and Partha Pratim Sengupta. "FDI and Trade in Services Towards Sustainable Economic Growth." In Wealth Creation and Poverty Reduction, 369–81. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1207-4.ch021.
Full textAbstract:
The paper empirically investigates the inter-linkage between FDI inflow and international trade in service sector in India. Service sector emerges as the fastest growing sector worldwide during current phase of globalization, contributing more than 60 percent of output and almost 35 percent of trade in global economy. The sector also accounted for 63 percent of global stock of FDI. With hosting a large amount of FDI inflow, Indian service sector is also identified globally due to its substantial improvement in growth and export in international market. So there needs a study to explore the theoretically established causal relationship between FDI inflow and international trade in services towards sustainable and service led economic growth in India. The authors collect monthly data from DIPP, Government of India and RBI over a globally witnessed emerging period from January 2009 to June 2016 and apply ADF and PP unit root tests followed by least square estimation after testing the seasonal effects. Their findings imply unidirectional causality between FDI inflow and export Indian services.
2
Morelli, Carlo. "The Economy of Brexit: Performance, Interests and Agency." In Contested Britain, 89–102. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529205008.003.0007.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter examines debates regarding the potential effect Brexit will have on the economy and, in particular, specific areas of the economy in which international trade plays an especially important role. It demonstrates how differing elements of British business not only have divergent interests in Brexit but that these differences arise from their position in the economy. It focuses on Brexit in relation to agriculture, financial services and internationally traded manufactured goods as three examples of sectoral interests. A second element of the chapter is to look at the social consequences of these economic transitions. It utilises agency in the area of welfare and poverty, as a means to understand linkages between Brexit and austerity, and to examine their impact on poverty in society.
3
Njoroge, Msafiri. "The Role of Trade Policy in Sustainable Tourism Inclusivity in Africa." In Research Anthology on Business Continuity and Navigating Times of Crisis, 713–26. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-4503-7.ch035.
Full textAbstract:
When local communities are allowed to participate fully in tourism trade activities either through supplying goods and services or direct employment in the tourism sector-inclusiveness of tourism, trade can be realized in a practical sense. Research indicates that, in most tourist destinations in Africa, the tourism trade continues to be characterized by environmental and social-cultural degradation and inadequate local community participation associated with revenue leakages and weak economic linkages. The mechanism on how tourism trade contributes inclusively on local communities' benefits such as inclusive growth and poverty alleviation remains unclear. Despite destination economies engaging in services liberalization, little evidence exists on how such trade policies have been beneficial at enhancing inclusive benefits of the tourism trade. Therefore, this chapter aims to clarify how trade policies can be employed to promote the inclusiveness of the tourism trade.
4
Njoroge, Msafiri. "The Role of Trade Policy in Sustainable Tourism Inclusivity in Africa." In Practice, Progress, and Proficiency in Sustainability, 169–82. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4817-2.ch011.
Full textAbstract:
When local communities are allowed to participate fully in tourism trade activities either through supplying goods and services or direct employment in the tourism sector-inclusiveness of tourism, trade can be realized in a practical sense. Research indicates that, in most tourist destinations in Africa, the tourism trade continues to be characterized by environmental and social-cultural degradation and inadequate local community participation associated with revenue leakages and weak economic linkages. The mechanism on how tourism trade contributes inclusively on local communities' benefits such as inclusive growth and poverty alleviation remains unclear. Despite destination economies engaging in services liberalization, little evidence exists on how such trade policies have been beneficial at enhancing inclusive benefits of the tourism trade. Therefore, this chapter aims to clarify how trade policies can be employed to promote the inclusiveness of the tourism trade.
5
Goldman, Lawrence. "Clerkenwell." In Victorians and Numbers, 81–100. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192847744.003.0004.
Full textAbstract:
A body calling itself the London Statistical Society existed in the late 1820s and was responsible for the publication of the Statistical Illustrations of … the British Empire. Historians have largely dismissed it as unimportant, or lacking in evidence of institutional life. This chapter establishes the Society as the confluence of a national network of committees of artisans who, since 1817, had collected data and statistics to demonstrate the decline in living standards among the working classes across the early nineteenth century. The key figure was the Clerkenwell watchmaker and radical journalist, John Powell, an associate of the leading London trades’ unionist of this era, the Thames shipwright, John Gast. Powell set forth an economic philosophy based on cooperation, criticized elite corruption, and tried to show the relationships between rising crime, pauperism and poverty, and falling real wages. He mounted a critique of Ricardian economics—the doctrines and ideas of David Ricardo, which favoured laissez-faire and free trade, as set forth in his Principles of Political Economy and Taxation (1817), and which depended on a priori deductions rather than evidence. Powell foreshadowed other members of the Statistical Movement like Jones and Whewell, who, in the 1830s, also opposed orthodox economics. The chapter thus substantiates the existence of artisan statisticians at this time and of intellectual linkages which define the identity of the Statistical Movement as a whole. It situates working-class statistics within the different genres of working-class protest described by E. P. Thompson in The Making of the English Working Class.