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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Trade liberalisation

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Academic literature on the topic 'Trade liberalisation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Trade liberalisation"

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Ahmed, Gulzar, Muhammad Arshad Khan, Tahir Mahmood, and Muhammad Afzal. "Trade Liberalisation and Industrial Productivity: Evidence from Manufacturing Industries in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 56, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 319–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v56i4pp.319-348.

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This study examines the impact of trade liberalisation on the industrial productivity for a panel of twenty seven 3-digit manufacturing industries in Pakistan over the period 1980-2006. Using a variant of the Cobb-Douglas production function for industrial sector, we estimated output elasticities. The results show positive output elasticities with respect to labour, capital and raw materials for the pre-trade liberalisation period (1981 –1995) as well as post-trade liberalisation period (1996-2006). For the pre-liberalisation period, we observe positive output elasticity with respect to energy, while it turns out to be negative in the post-liberalisation period probably due to energy crisis in Pakistan. In the second stage, we calculate total factor productivity (TFP) and examine the impact of trade liberalisation on TFP for pre-and post-trade liberalisation periods. The results reveal that trade liberalisation proxied by import duty has positive but negligible impact on the TFP in the pre-as well as post-liberalisation periods. On the other hand, effective rates of protection exert large negative impact on the TFP in the post-liberalisation than the pre-liberalisation period. JEL Classifications: F14, F13, O53, L60 Keywords: Trade Liberalisation, Total Factor Productivity, Manufacturing Sector of Pakistan

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Dixon, Huw. "Trade Liberalisation and Growth." Economic Journal 108, no. 450 (September 1, 1998): 1511–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0297.00357.

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Oslington, Paul. "Unemployment and Trade Liberalisation." World Economy 28, no. 8 (August 2005): 1139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2005.00723.x.

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Ikpe, Marius, Richard Okey Ojike, and Kenneth Onyeanuna Ahamba. "Does Trade Liberalisation Policy Enhance Performance of Non-Oil Export Trade in Nigeria?" Foreign Trade Review 55, no. 2 (March 2, 2020): 248–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0015732519894161.

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Decades after the trade liberalisation policy shift, poor performance problem of non-oil export in Nigeria (a net-oil exporting economy) persists. Against this backdrop, and given the lack of analytical depth among Nigerian-specific studies, this study empirically provided answer to the question of whether trade liberalisation policy enhances non-oil export trade in Nigeria. The study adopted an Autoregressive Distributed Lag model approach to the analysis of the impact of trade liberalisation policy on non-oil export trade. Evidence provided support for trade liberalisation policy as the growth driver for non-oil export, a sector that exports more but earns little in terms of revenue. As a result, the study recommends a well thought-out public–private partnership arrangement for the efficiency of the private sector (a major player in non-oil export trade), to optimally harness the benefits of liberalisation in Nigeria’s non-oil trade sub-sector. JEL Codes: F14, F17, F41, F62

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Raza, Werner. "The WTO – a driving force for the liberalisation of public services in the EU?" Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 14, no. 2 (January 1, 2008): 277–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890801400208.

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Liberalisation of public services can be implemented not only through autonomous legislative action by individual countries, but also as a consequence of obligations arising from membership of supranational or international organisations. This article analyses how the process of the commodification of services at the level of the WTO, i.e. via the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS), interacts with the politics of trade and services liberalisation in the European Union. Thus, we highlight the specific role of services negotiations in the WTO for the political dynamics of liberalising public services in the EU. Our conclusions highlight three specific functions of the GATS agreement: first, it serves as an institutional mechanism to ‘lock-in’ liberalisations achieved at a national or European level, secondly, it exercises a disciplinary effect on national regulation, and, thirdly, it provides an additional platform for the application of forum-shifting in the politics of international trade.

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Shakti Kumar, Shakti Kumar. "Trade Liberalisation and its Impact on the Economy." International Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 9 (June 1, 2012): 99–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/sep2013/36.

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Gnangnon, Sèna Kimm. "Effect of Aid for Trade Unpredictability on Trade Policy in Recipient-Countries." Arthaniti: Journal of Economic Theory and Practice 19, no. 2 (October 14, 2019): 177–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0976747919876708.

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This article examines the effect of the unpredictability of Aid for Trade (AfT) flows on trade policy in 124 recipient-countries, of which 42 are least developed countries (LDCs), over the period 2002–2016. The analysis shows that while AfT flows exert a positive effect on trade policy liberalisation, AfT unpredictability induces the adoption of restrictive trade policies. These results apply to LDCs and other countries, although the magnitude of the negative effect of AfT unpredictability on trade policy liberalisation is higher for LDCs than for other countries. Furthermore, AfT unpredictability reduces the positive trade policy liberalisation effect of AfT flows. JEL: F13, F14, F35

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McCaig, Brian, and Margaret S. McMillan. "Trade Liberalisation and Labour Market Adjustment in Botswana." Journal of African Economies 29, no. 3 (December 10, 2019): 236–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jafeco/ejz027.

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Abstract We study the effects of domestic trade liberalisation on labour markets in Botswana. South Africa is the dominant member of the Southern Africa Customs Union. As such, when South Africa liberalised trade in the 1990s, this induced large and plausibly exogenous tariff reductions for the other customs union members, including Botswana. Using labour force surveys from Botswana spanning a decade, we find that trade liberalisation did not affect the relative size of industries in terms of employment. However, trade liberalisation had effects within industries. We find an increase in the prevalence of working in an informal firm and self-employment, but mixed evidence of effects on unemployment. Hours worked decreased in response to trade liberalisation, partially driven by the movement of workers to informal firms. Despite large increases in aggregate income, trade liberalisation is associated with a reduction in monthly income, but the results are imprecise. Our results also suggest that a positive export demand shock, the 2000 African Growth and Opportunities Act, is associated with a reduction in employment in informal firms in the clothing industry.

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Khan, Muhammad Arshad, and Abdul Qayyum. "Trade Liberalisation, Financial Sector Reforms, and Growth." Pakistan Development Review 45, no. 4II (December 1, 2006): 711–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v45i4iipp.711-731.

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The relationship between trade liberalisation, financial reforms and economic growth has been well-documented in the economic literature. A considerable body of literature suggests a strong and positive link between trade liberalisation, financial development and economic growth. It has been argued that trade and financial liberalisation policies reduce the inefficiency in the production process and positively influence economic growth. This argument is strengthened by the fact that countries with more open trade and financial policies may grow faster than those with restricted trade and financial policies. An increasing openness is expected to have positive impacts on economic growth [Jin (2000); Fry (1995, 1997); Darrat (1999); Levine (1997); Mckinnon (1973); Shaw (1973) and World Bank (1989)]. There is growing consensus among the researchers that both liberalisation policies are expected to exert positive impacts on economic growth.

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Glebe, Thilo, and Uwe Latacz-Lohmann. "Agricultural multifunctionality and trade liberalisation." Cahiers d'Economie et sociologie rurales 82, no. 1 (2007): 57–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/reae.2007.2045.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Trade liberalisation"

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Gasiorek, Michael Jan. "Trade liberalisation and imperfect competition." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241000.

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Chen, Tina Yiping. "Trade liberalisation, intra-industry trade and adjustment costs." Phd thesis, 1999, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/144503.

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Loke, Wai Heng. "APEC trade liberalisation : open regionalism, non-binding liberalisation and unconditional MFN." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.429732.

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Raihan, Selim. "Dynamics of trade liberalisation in Bangladesh." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500582.

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Cole, Matthew A. "Trade liberalisation, economic growth and the environment." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1998. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12555/.

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This thesis analyses and quantifies the environmental impacts of trade liberalisation and economic growth. The history and development of the GATT/WTO's treatment of the environment is considered, together with the environmental implications of trade liberalisation in general. The thesis then considers the relationship between economic growth and the environment, particularly since economic growth is often claimed to be an environmentally damaging feature of trade liberalisation. The manner in which economists have treated the relationship between economic growth and the environment is examined and the relationship is then subjected to an empirical investigation. The thesis estimates the reduced form relationship between per capita GDP and a wide range of environmental indicators, using cross-country panel data sets and improves on the traditional methodology for estimating environmental Kuznets curves (EKCs). Results suggest that meaningful EKCs exist only for local air pollutants whilst indicators with a more global, or indirect, impact either increase monotonically with income, or else have predicted turning points at high per capita income levels with large standard errors - unless they have been subjected to a multilateral policy initiative. Two other findings are also made; that concentrations of local pollutants in urban areas peak at a lower per capita income level than total emissions per capita; and that transport generated local air pollutants peak at a higher per capita income level than total emissions per capita. The thesis also estimates the impact of the Uruguay Round of trade negotiations on a wide range of environmental indicators. The impact is estimated in terms of the composition effect and combined scale and technique effects associated with the Uruguay Round. Results suggest that in the developing and transition regions most indicators will increase as a result of the Uruguay Round, whilst in the developed regions three local air pollutants will fall and all others increase. Finally, policy implications are discussed.

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Meethong, Kanjanachat. "Essays on trade liberalisation and economic development." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708094.

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Simiyu, Edwin Jairus. "The impact of trade liberalisation on Kenya." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/20244.

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This study examined the impact of trade liberalisation on Kenya. It analysed the influence of trade liberalisation on trade creation, trade diversion, exports, imports, revenue effects and welfare effects. The developments in trade liberalisation and free-trade economic arrangements were introduced in Kenya and many developing countries in the early 1980s and strengthened from 1990s onward. The short term effects of the structural-adjustment programs were characterised by poor balance of payment conditions, high levels of unemployment, contraction of the imports from other countries, and government revenue losses, among other social problems. Notwithstanding the dismal performance of the Kenyan Economy after liberalisation, the Kenyan government continued to liberalise its trade under various frameworks such as the Economic Partnership agreements (EPAs) with the European Union, the World Trade Organization (WTO) and various bilateral free-trade agreements (BFTA) with its largest trading partners. This study used the World Integrated Trade Solutions-Software for Market Analysis and Restrictions on Trade (WITS/SMART) using 2008 as the base year. This method was used mainly because of its strengths to analyse the tariff effects of a sole market on disaggregate product lines. In addition the WITS/SMART model is able to analyse the impact of trade liberalisation in scenarios of imperfect substitutes. Hence, this study used the WITS/SMART Model to examine the trade liberalisation framework for Kenya under comprehensive implementation of COMESA customs Union, COMESA FTA, WTOFTA and the EPAs. The comparative valuation of the trade-creation effects reveals that the WTOFTA expected the highest trade-creation effects of US$995.16 million. This was followed by the various bilateral free-trade agreements which had a trade-creation effect of US$333.04 million, then COMESACU which had a trade-creation effect of US$310.50 million followed by the EPAs with a value of US$129.45 million. COMESA FTA was expecting trade-creation effects valued at US$15.51 million. These trade-creation effects are expected to cause unemployment through de-industrialisation. This study has also noted that WTO FTA and COMESA CU had no evidence of trade diversion. However, BFTA, EPAs and COMESA FTA showed evidence of trade diversion of US$134.88 million, US$89.28 million and US$2.61 million respectively. This study also examined the possible revenue effect from the free-trade agreements and customs union. It was noted that most losses emanated from the WTOFTA, which was valued at US$817.15 million. This was followed by the COMESACU protocol, which is expected to register a loss amounting to US$327 million. The third free-trade agreement with the highest losses comprised the various BFTAs amounting to US$304 million. The forth probable losses were anticipated from EPAs amounting to US$142 million. The free-trade agreement with the least losses is COMESA FTA with an expected loss of US$7.88 million. The consumer welfare effect was done to assess if consumers benefitted from trade agreements. This study observed that the WTOFTA expected the highest consumer welfare effect of US$103.98 million. This was followed by the various COMESACU with an expected consumer welfare effect of US$56.27 million. The BFTA were the third with a consumer welfare effect of US$ 41.82 million. This was followed by the EPAs with a consumer welfare value of US$ 17.56 million. The trade protocol with the least-expected consumer-welfare effect was the COMESA FTA valued at US$ 1.60 million. Although welfare gains resulting from the anticipated trade agreements were an indication of potential benefits to Kenyans, they were insignificant. This study also analysed the export performance from five different trade agreements and their impact on Kenya. The BFTA expected an export value US$4.63 billion, followed by the EPAs with an expected export value of US$2.18 billion. The third largest export values was WTOFTA with an export value of US$12.12 billion, the fourth being COMESAFTA having an export value of US$ 434.28 million and finally COMESACU with an expected export value of US$394.14 million. The study showed that major exports were composed of minerals, tobacco and agricultural products dominating the export basket. The export destinations were expected to be the WTO members, which include Uganda, Congo, Egypt, Rwanda, Sudan and Zambia. Kenya expected an increase in imports mainly from the WTO amounting to 8.95 per cent. This was followed by the BFTA rated with an expected 3.2 per cent growth in imports. The third protocol expecting import growth was the COMESACU of 2.8 per cent import growth and the EPA with 1.16 per cent import growth, and finally, 0.07 per cent import growth from the COMESA FTA. The expected increase in imports is anticipated to create balance of payment problems for Kenya. The results of the study show that the welfare gains from trade liberalisation were not able to compensate for the revenue losses. The study also showed that Kenya was not able to make optimal use of trade liberalisation to expand its export destinations; as the COMESACU was expected to reduce exports. In light of these findings, the study recommends that measures aimed at boosting exports like strengthening of the Export Processing Zones, export subsidies, the establishing of supply-side facilities, trade financing plus strengthening of the export-supporting institutions. It is important to note that the findings of this study provide an opportunity for Kenya, and other developing countries, to implement measures to ensure that they achieve optimal benefits from the various regional trade agreements.

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Hadili, Abduraawf Moftah. "Trade liberalisation and Arab Maghreb Union countries." Thesis, Keele University, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.695683.

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The effect of trade liberalisation on the balance of trade and balance of payments in developing countries is still ambiguous. Free trade advocates believe that adopting free trade policy and specializing in production will enhance economic growth in both exports and imports, which in turn will have a positive impact on the balance of trade and the balance of payments. In the real world, not all countries that have adopted trade liberalisation have achieved economic growth. Some of them suffered deterioration in the balance of trade because imports grew more than exports did, adding more deficits to the balance of payments. In this case, trade liberalisation will be considered as a constraint on growth. This thesis was designed to explore the impact of trade liberalisation on the economies of Arab Maghreb Union (AMU) countries for fifteen years (1995-2009) in terms of export growth, import growth, the balance of trade, and the balance of payments. H The empirical evidence has revealed some major findings that can be considered strong evidence based on four different estimation techniques: ordinary least square, panel data, panel data with first difference, and Arellano-Bond test. The results show that trade liberalisation did not enhance export growth in AMU countries during the given period (1995 to 2009). In contrast, it had a significant positive impact on import growth during the same period. Moreover, trade liberalisation worsened the balance of trade and the balance of payments during the studied period. Therefore, it seems that trade liberalisation alone has not been enough to promote economic growth. A suitable domestic business environment, well-run government institutions, and supportive government policies are important in order for trade liberalisation to achieve its goals in developing countries.

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Gundu, Tafadzwa Amanda. "Trade liberalisation and poverty alleviation in South Africa." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1015283.

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The study attempts to address, from amongst the key issues in the current debate on economic development: the effect of trade liberalization on poverty. The relationship between trade liberalization and poverty levels is investigated in both the long run and the short run for South Africa. To measure trade liberalization, trade openness is used as the standard index. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) measures financial openness while taxation is a measure of public intervention in the country. Consumption per capita is a proxy for poverty and Real Gross Domestic Product (RGDP) controlled for economic growth. Applying the Johansen Co-integration Techniques and Error Correction Method, empirical results suggest that trade liberalization has a cumulative effect on poverty reduction in the long-run. Lower poverty level is associated with low taxation and high foreign direct investment, particularly in the short run, in South Africa. Therefore, it is recommended that the government needs to design and pursue active development strategies to benefit from openness. There is also a need to enhance the tax revenues of the state through better collection of revenues, and administrative reforms rather than expenditure cut backs, which can reduce the effectiveness of the public sector. The government needs to strengthen allocation of funds to social sectors so as to bring the issue of poverty reduction to the central stage of economic policy making.

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Guei, Kore Marc Antoine. "The impact of trade liberalisation on Cote d’Ivoire." Thesis, Nelson Mandela University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/17514.

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The process of trade liberalisation and market-oriented economic reforms was initiated in many developing countries in early 1980s; and it intensified in 1990s. In 1994, Cote d’Ivoire was assisted by the IMF to implement trade-policy reforms under Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP). After adopting SAP, the country witnessed soaring balance-of-payment problems, contraction of output, unemployment and the loss of government revenue. Several factors, which were at play resulted in dismal economic performance under SAP. In order to consolidate gains in competitiveness, and achieve high and sustainable growth, the Ivorian authorities coordinated efforts to establish and intra-regional custom tariffs among the member of the West African and Monetary Union (WAEMU), the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), World Trade Organisation (WTO), Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) and bilateral agreements. It is against this background that this study is undertaken, in order to evaluate the impact of different trade-policy regimes on trade, welfare and revenue in Cote d’Ivoire. This study used one model: World Integrated Trade Solutions/Software for Market Analysis and Restrictions on Trade (WITS/SMART). The WITS/SMART model was used because of its ability in analysing the tariff effect of a single market on disaggregated product lines. The model also has the capability to analyse the effects of trade-policy reforms in the presence of imperfect substitutes. Using the WITS/SMART model, the study considered seven trade-liberalisation frameworks for Cote d’Ivoire: full implementation of the ECOWAS free trade agreement (FTA), ECOWAS common external tariff (CET), WAEMU CET, WAEMU FTA, EPAs, BFTAs and WTO FTA. The WITS/SMART model reveals that all trade liberalisation scenarios may cause welfare gains – due to the plummeting of prices. However, in all trade liberalisation scenarios, welfare gains were found to be is insignificant. In all cases, welfare gains fell far short of compensating for revenue loss. The impact of trade liberalisation on exports and imports was met with mixed reactions. For the WAEMU customs union and the ECOWAS customs union, and WTO FTA, trade reforms are likely to face serious balance-of-payment problems, as imports exceeded exports by significant margins. With respect to revenue loss, of all trading arrangements, the WTO FTA presents a serious challenge for Cote d’Ivoire revenue followed by BFTAs, ECOWAS FTA, EPAs, ECOWAS CET, WAEMU CET, and WAEMU FTA with anticipated revenue losses. Another challenge for Cote d’Ivoire is the presence of trade creation effects, which were observed in all trade reform scenarios. From this study, it appeared that WAEMU CET poses serious threats of trade creation followed by WTO FTA, BFTA, SADC FTA, COMESA CET, SADC CET, EPAs and WAEMU FTA. Specifically, the study highlighted that Cote d’Ivoire, on balance loses out on trade liberalisation, mainly from revenue loss and possible de-industrialisation from trade-creation effects. The study has also revealed that Cote d’Ivoire offers excessive tax exemptions, which worsens the fiscal position of the country in the face of trade liberalisation. Hence, based on the findings, this study recommends that Cote d’Ivoire needs to call for the design of a financial facility aimed at assisting industries affected by trade-creation effects. The country needs to consider improving the collection of revenue from alternative sources, such as VAT, excise duties, personal and company taxes and excise duty, in order to cushion itself against the revenue loss impact of trade reforms. Government could also consider widening the tax base, by taxing the informal sector, which has been growing rapidly in the past years. In addition, policies aimed at exports promotion, such as export subsidies, trade finance and the strengthening of trade-promotion organisations should be considered. The outcome of this study provides a wake-up call to developing countries engaged in the WTO negotiations and other regional trading arrangements.

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Books on the topic "Trade liberalisation"

1

Greenaway, David. Trade liberalisation and growth. Lancaster: University of Lancaster, Management School, 1996.

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Driffill, J. Trade unions and liberalisation of international trade. London: London University,Queen Mary and Westfield College, Department of Economics, 1992.

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Han, Seunghee. APEC trade liberalisation: Its implications. Paris: OECD, 1998.

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Odin, Knudsen, Van der Mensbrugghe Dominique, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development., and World Bank, eds. Trade liberalisation: Global economic implications. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1993.

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Subramanian, Shankar. Agricultural trade liberalisation and India. Paris: Development Centre of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1993.

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Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development., ed. Trade liberalisation policies in Mexico. Paris: OECD, 1996.

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Sherry, Stephenson, Findlay Christopher C, and Yi Soonhwa 1969-, eds. Services trade liberalisation and facilitation. Canberra: Asia Pacific Press, 2002.

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Tambunan, Tulus. Trade liberalisation and SMEs in ASEAN. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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Trevor, Matthews. Is unilateral trade liberalisation the answer? Canberra: Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, 1990.

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Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. and OECD Workshop on Liberalisation of Trade in Professional Services (1994 : Paris, France), eds. Liberalisation of trade in professional services. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Trade liberalisation"

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Mugano, Gift, and Michael Brookes. "Trade liberalisation frameworks." In Trade Liberalisation and Economic Development in Africa, 23–41. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003160199-3.

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Yoshimatsu, Hidetaka. "Promoting Trade Liberalisation through Free Trade Agreements." In Comparing Institution-Building in East Asia, 35–63. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137370556_3.

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Edmonds, Kevin. "Trade Liberalisation in the Caribbean." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Imperialism and Anti-Imperialism, 1–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91206-6_193-1.

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Subramanian, Shankar. "Trade Liberalisation and Indian Agriculture." In Economic Reform, Trade and Agricultural Development, 215–47. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23103-4_9.

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Kouvaritakis, Nikos, Nikos Stroblos, Leonidas Paroussos, and Spyridon Tsallas. "Trade Liberalisation and Climate Policies." In Climate Change Policy and Global Trade, 297–381. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-2654-8_10.

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Mugano, Gift, and Michael Brookes. "Trade liberalisation nexus economic development." In Trade Liberalisation and Economic Development in Africa, 62–77. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003160199-5.

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Mugano, Gift, and Michael Brookes. "The rationale of trade liberalisation." In Trade Liberalisation and Economic Development in Africa, 3–22. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003160199-2.

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Johnson, Harry G. "New Approach to Trade Liberalisation." In New Trade Strategy for the World Economy, 257–61. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003195726-19.

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Edmonds, Kevin. "Trade Liberalisation in the Caribbean." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Imperialism and Anti-Imperialism, 2620–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29901-9_193.

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Laird, Sam, and Alexander Yeats. "Simulating the Effects of Trade Liberalisation." In Quantitative Methods for Trade-Barrier Analysis, 58–87. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11141-1_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Trade liberalisation"

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Seetanah, Boopendra. "AIR ACCESS LIBERALISATION, MARKETING PROMOTION AND TOURISM TRADE." In 31st International Academic Conference, London. International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.20472/iac.2017.031.044.

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Erdem, Ekrem, and Oğuzhan Türker. "The Relationship between Economic Liberalisation and Growth for the Central Asian Republics." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c03.00484.

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With the increase in globalization, the liberalisation tendencies have appeared on countries’ economic policies as well as at other areas. The countries have performed liberalisation in almost all the areas of economy by increasing their economic growth. Economic liberalisation movements have especially intensified on foreign trade and finance. The aim of this paper is to exhibit the relationship between economic liberalisation and economic growth for the Central Asian Republics. There are few studies that examine the relationship between economic liberalisation and growth for the Central Asian Republics. In this paper, the relationship between economic liberalisation and economic growth has been tested for 1998-2011 period on the six Central Asian Republics which are Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. Nine variables about economic liberalisation have been taken into account in the analysis. We reached two main results. Firstly, the countries have high index scores in terms of business freedom, trade freedom, fiscal freedom, government size and monetary freedom, while they have low index scores in terms of investment freedom, financial freedom, property rights, freedom from corruption. Secondly, there is no long-term relationship between economic freedom and growth for all countries. The available relations that we found out are short-term character.

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Droždz, Jolanta. "SPECIALISATION IN AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD EXPORTS OF LITHUANIA." In Business and Management 2018. VGTU Technika, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2018.23.

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The analysed research problem answer the question of how the changing trade conditions affect Lithuanian agricultural and food exports. The paper aims to assess the level of specialization in the agricultural and food sector exports of Lithuania. Assessment of the level of specialization was based on calculation of the trade coverage, revealed comparative advantage and intra-industry trade indi-ces and their aggregation. Empirical research covers the period of 1999–2014. The export of agricul-tural and food products of Lithuania has been positively affected by trade liberalisation and achieved the effect of synergy due to regional integration processes (membership in the EU). It is characterised by high level of specialisation; nevertheless, this does not contribute to increasing of added value in agriculture.

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Parekh, Harsukh, and Vipin Chandra Sati. "Pipelines Industry in India: Recent Developments and Future Requirements." In 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27019.

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The consumption of petroleum products in India has been growing at a high rate. In order to meet the growing demand for petroleum, additional refining capacity is planned to be created involving augmentation of some of the existing refineries and construction of new refineries. While the refineries will be in a position to meet the demand of petroleum products, the critical and vital issue will be to supply crude oil to the refineries and to reach the products to various consumption centers in an efficient, reliable and cost effective manner. In addition to the liquid petroleum, Natural Gas is emerging as the major source of energy/feedstock. Infrastructure for storage and transportation of Natural Gas are also required to be set up in a big way to meet the projected demand. This can best be done by constructing new pipelines which are recognized worldwide as the most reliable and cost effective mode of transportation of oil and gas. In addition to the requirement for new pipelines, there is a need for upgradation of technology in the existing cross-country pipelines, many of which are more than 20 years old. Moreover, Indian Government has, as part of the process of liberalisation of the economy through a series of measures focused on the infrastructural developments, technology upgradation, trade policies and financial reforms, has opened the core sector of Petroleum to private investment. Thus, considerable scope exists not only for consultants, equipment and material manufacturers/suppliers and contractors for providing their services but also for making investments in the Indian pipeline industry. This paper describes the prospects/opportunities in the Indian pipeline industry.

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Reports on the topic "Trade liberalisation"

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Mahfuz, Ahmed. Market Access and Trade Liberalisation in Fisheries. Geneva, Switzerland: International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.7215/nr_ip_20060615.

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