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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Trade barriers

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Academic literature on the topic 'Trade barriers'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Trade barriers"

1

Baldwin, Richard. "Factor market barriers are trade barriers." European Economic Review 34, no. 4 (June 1990): 831–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-2921(90)90063-5.

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Lawrence, Robert Z. "Japan's Different Trade Regime: An Analysis with Particular Reference to Keiretsu." Journal of Economic Perspectives 7, no. 3 (August 1, 1993): 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.7.3.3.

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Many claim that although formal trade barriers have been removed at the border, Japanese markets remain unusually closed because of non-tariff barriers. After describing Japan's development strategy and the debate over the sources of Japanese growth, we consider current trade barriers. Recent research has made some headway investigating the impact of one of the alleged “invisible” barriers. In particular, efforts have been made to test if the behavior of Japanese corporate groups, known as keiretsu, creates a barrier to trade. Finally we consider whether private sector trade restrictions warrant a public response; what, if anything, should be done about keiretsu?

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Jin, Gao. "Suggestions for Construction of Chinese Green Barrier." Advanced Materials Research 664 (February 2013): 240–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.664.240.

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Green barriers of western countries restrict the product export of developing countries. This is a new problem on international trade recent years. After China s entry into WTO, green barriers have become a biggest barrier in Chinese foreign trade. This paper provides the system shortage about Chinese green barriers. So China should launch a campaign to construct the system of green barriers according to Chinese Economic backgrounds. This paper also proposes some law countermeasures to set up and improve the Chinese green barrier system.

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Ismail, Zenobia, and Tashil Fakir. "Trademarks or trade barriers?" International Journal of Social Economics 31, no. 1/2 (January 2004): 173–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03068290410515493.

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van Bergeijk, Peter A. G. "Diplomatic barriers to trade." De Economist 140, no. 1 (March 1992): 45–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01849803.

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Bröcker, Johannes, and Herold C. Rohweder. "Barriers to international trade." Annals of Regional Science 24, no. 4 (December 1990): 289–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01580475.

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Hornok, Cecília, and Miklós Koren. "Administrative barriers to trade." Journal of International Economics 96 (July 2015): S110—S122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinteco.2015.01.002.

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Gu, Hong. "Technical Barriers to Trade and China’s Trade." Modern Economy 08, no. 08 (2017): 1045–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/me.2017.88072.

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Muhammad Shaikh, Faiz, Dr Anwar Ali Shah G.Syed, and Zahid Hussain kazi. "ISSURES OF TEXTILE EXPORTERS IN THE CONTEXT OF PAK-INDIA TRADE." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 10, no. 5 (January 26, 2015): 2168–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijmit.v10i5.620.

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This research investigates the issues of Textile exporters in the context of PAK-India trade relation. Data were collected from 100 exporters by using simple random technique. Data were analyzed by using SPSS-20 version, A structural questionnaire was developed for the reliability and validity of the data. It was revealed that respondents regard governmental regulations, customs procedure and licensing, technical standards and health regulations, sanitary and phytosanitary measures and certification as the major barriers to export. The anti-dumping and tariff barrier are not the major barriers but tends to be the major ones. The tariff barrier may be low due to several rounds of GATT and WTo. It was further revealed that the respondents regard the market access problems and labeling and packaging as the major barriers to export. Although not the major barriers but cultural one, the currency exchange rate and informational barrier tend to be the major barriers to export. The Legal and Political barriers, Languages and Customs, demand of the product, working structure / schedule of the targeting country, business environment are not regarded as barriers to export.

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Izotov, D. A. "External and Internal Trade Barriers of the Russian Far East." Economy of Region 17, no. 4 (2021): 1318–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2021-4-19.

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Recently, the Russian Far East has been receiving close attention from the government of the Russian Federation. Accelerated economic development of the Far Eastern regions requires trade intensification with foreign and domestic markets, which implies a reduction of various barriers. The study aims to assess the external and internal trade barriers of the Russian Far East using a consistent dataset and relevant econometric model for estimations. The assessment of trade barriers, expressed as values of the relative trade intensity and transport costs in the framework of modern gravity models, confirmed the trade bias of the Russian Far East in favour of the domestic market in the long term. High values of relative transport costs were offset by a high relative trade intensity between the Russian Far East and the domestic market. The conducted analysis shows that the reduction of external trade barriers between the Russian Far East and foreign markets can significantly increase their turnover. The obtained estimates revealed a trend of linking the regions of the Russian Far East to the domestic market due to the barrier reduction in the form of transport costs. This study can be further developed, as the presented methodology for qualitative assessment of internal and external barriers can be applied to analyse the costs of trade in commodity markets, to decompose export and import barriers, as well as to determine the potential for expanding regional trade with foreign countries.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Trade barriers"

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Moenius, Johannes. "Three essays on trade barriers and trade volumes /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9975892.

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Thornsbury, Suzanne. "Technical Regulations as Barriers to Agricultural Trade." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30769.

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Technical regulations are a form of non-tariff barrier that is becoming increasingly visible in agricultural trade disputes. A distinguishing feature of technical barriers is their legitimate use by governments to protect consumers' health, recognize citizen preferences in packaging and labeling, and protect the environment from the establishment of non-indigenous pests and diseases. When legitimate externalities or other market failures are addressed technical barriers have the potential to increase national welfare, even without consideration of terms-of-trade effects. Governments may also impose technical barriers to isolate domestic producers from international competition. In these cases under the small-country assumptions, technical barriers are welfare decreasing policies. Despite GATT rules designed to limit the misuse of technical barriers, continued disputes indicate that this type of regulatory measure can not always be justified on the basis of unambiguous scientific evidence and suggests that governments may still widely apply technical barriers of questionable merit. Political economy is one paradigm that explains government intervention in markets, even when the result is a loss in net welfare. The 1996 USDA Survey of Technical Barriers to U.S. Agricultural Exports provides a systematic source of primary data on technical measures which caused actual or projected export revenue losses to U.S. firms in 1996 and which might be subject to challenge under the Uruguay Round Agreements. Although no questionable technical barriers to 1996 U.S. agricultural exports were reported for 71 countries included in the Survey, there were a total of 302 barriers identified among 63 countries. The estimated trade impact of the barriers reported was $4.9 billion, or approximately seven percent of the total value of 1996 U.S. agricultural exports. Two sets of empirical models are estimated to identify the political economy determinants of questionable technical barriers as they are applied to U.S. agricultural exports. The incidence of questionable technical barriers is measured by the presence or absence of such barriers by country. The impact of questionable technical barriers is measured by the reported estimated trade impact as a percentage of 1996 U.S. agricultural exports to that country. Results indicate that, despite strengthened GATT disciplines, political economy considerations continue to influence the incidence and impact of technical barriers in international agricultural markets.
Ph. D.

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Lynham, Mark B. "Nontariff Trade Barriers in the Beef Industry." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/310779.

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Query, Jason. "The Impact of Transportation Costs and Trade Barriers on International Trade Flows." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/19256.

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Because trade is seen as welfare improving for society, governments have long employed their policy-making powers to increase trade levels. In recent years, no strategy has been more employed by policy makers than free trade agreements. As free trade agreements become more popular, world tariff levels rapidly approach zero. Given this, policy makers must look to other methods to encourage trade. I examine how non-tariff trade barriers impact international trade levels. By better understanding these trade barriers, policy makers will be able to make more informed decisions. To better understand non-tariff trade barriers, I begin with well-known impediments to trade, including the border effect, transportation costs, and the trade creation and trade diversion effects of regional trade agreements. I then demonstrate and examine heterogeneity in these trade costs. In Chapter II I examine the often-studied border effect, the notion that regions trade more intra-nationally than internationally. I demonstrate that smaller regions are less attractive to foreign trading partners than their larger counterparts. Fixed costs of crossing an international border, as well as more effective marketing methods, mean economically larger U.S. states or Canadian provinces see a smaller border effect. In Chapter III I look at how transportation costs incurred within the exporting country impact trade levels. Using a unique instrumental variable strategy, I show that the cost of getting a good to a port is a significant hindrance to trade. Finally, in Chapter IV I show that the benefits of joining the European Union are heterogeneous across countries. This means that while the E.U. may be beneficial on average, it may not be beneficial for individual countries.

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Milam, Richard Thomas. "Essays on trade barriers in imperfectly competitive markets." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39874.

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Wei, De Cai. "Trade related environmental measures of European Union : a new kind of trade barriers?" Thesis, University of Macau, 2005. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1637069.

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Sadikov, Azim Mirsharapovich. "Essays on trade barriers, trade integration, and the activities of the multinational enterprises." Connect to online resource, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3256418.

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Zakaria, Noor Aini. "Trade Barriers in Forest Industry between Malaysia and Europe." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00605340.

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Ce travail étudie l'influence des questions environnementales sur le commerce international à partir des échanges de bois tropicaux Malaisie - Europe, la Malaisie étant un important exportateur de bois. Les avantages comparatifs des produits forestiers Malaisiens sont évalués, ainsi que la propension à payer le bois issu de gestion forestière durable par les consommateurs français (en tant qu'Européens). La première partie envisage les différences de perception entre pays développés et pays en développement pour le lien entre commerce et environnement. Il apparaît que les normes environnementales agissent comme des barrières non-tarifaires. Ces barrières sont accentuées par les critères de marquage, d'étiquetage, et de technologie imposés par les pays importateurs. La seconde partie analyse le rôle clé de la Malaisie dans le commerce des bois tropicaux. Les principaux marchés d'exportation des bois Malaisiens sont évalués. Le marché Européen est étudié plus en détail. Il apparaît que les ventes de meuble ont dépassé en 2004 celles des autres principaux produits forestiers. Sur le marché Européen la Malaisie fait face à la concurrence de produits tropicaux à bas prix venant de Chine, et à celle de produits forestiers éco-certifiés venant du Brésil. Concomitamment, l'engagement de la Malaisie dans une dynamique de gestion plus durable y crée une pénurie relative de matériau brut. La troisième partie calcule l'index de Balassa d'avantage comparatif, pour 21 produits forestiers Malaisiens sur le marché Européen. Seuls 5 produits industriels intermédiaires ou à transformation fortement mécanisée, ont un avantage comparatif marqué. Il s'agit des sciages, moulures, contreplaqués, placages, charpente et menuiserie industrielle. Les autres produits présentent des avantages comparatifs faibles ou même négatifs. La quatrième partie estime la propension à payer pour différents attributs environnementaux, ainsi que d'autres tels le commerce équitable et l'origine géographique. Un questionnaire reprenant ces attributs pour du parquet bois hypothétique a été utilisé. Il semble que les consommateurs soient prêts à rémunérer le plus les critères de commerce équitable et d'origine Française, la gestion durable étant recherchée dans une moindre mesure. La propension à payer les tous les attributs varie en fonction des notions et attitudes qu'ont les consommateurs sur l'éco-certification, l'environnement, ainsi qu'en fonction de leur lieu d'habitation, niveau d'éducation et de revenu, et type de profession. Enfin les résultats des 4 parties sont synthétisés en reliant les échelles micro et macroéconomiques, avec les dimensions de demande et d'approvisionnement. D'une façon générale, les résultats suggèrent que les opportunités et contraintes propres à la l'industrie du bois de Malaisie façonnent les exports de produits. La Malaisie s'adapte en se tournant vers des produits à plus haute valeur ajoutée et à moindre impact environnemental, pour pallier aux barrières commerciales et à la pénurie relative de matériau. La Malaisie s'est dotée d'une certification nationale (Malaysian Timber Certification) propre à remplir les critères de durabilité et de légalité de l'Europe, et s'est engagée la gestion durable des forêts.

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Binti, Zakaria Noor Aini. "Trade Barriers in Forest Industry between Malaysia and Europe." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00750922.

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This study analyses the international timber trade between Malaysia and Europe with respect to the importance of environmental issues on trade and the role of Malaysia as a major timber exporter to Europe. It also evaluates the comparative advantage of Malaysian wood products and the willingness of French consumers (to represent European communities) to pay for sustainable forest management. The first part gives an overview the clashes of perception between developed and developing countries on the environmental concerns over trade. It was observed that environmental standards may act as non-tariff barriers to exporting countries. In addition, the stringent requirements posed by importing countries on technical, marking and labelling to some extent provide unnecessary barriers to trade. The second part deals with the role of Malaysia as a key player in the tropical timber trade. This part evaluates the main export market for Malaysian wood products to the world. For the purpose of this thesis, the analysis focuses on the European market. From the observations, it was found that the export of wooden furniture surpassed major timber exports in 2004. However, to penetrate the European market, Malaysia has to compete with the Chinese with their lower cost tropical wood products, and Brazil with their advantage in certification and labelling of tropical wood products. In tandem with that, the commitment towards sustainable forest management at national level causes shortage of raw materials in Malaysia. To a certain extent, the internal and external factors create necessary challenges to enter the European market. In the third part, the Balassa approach was used to classify the comparative advantage of Malaysia's twenty one types of wood products in Europe. It was estimated that Malaysia had high comparative advantage only in five products which were mechanized and intermediary industrial products. The products identified were sawn wood, wooden mouldings, plywood, veneer and builders' joinery and carpentry. The remaining products had lower comparative advantage and disadvantage to export to the European market based on the Balassa index. In the last part, the estimation on the willingness to pay for sustainable forest management attributes was conducted. Besides that, additional attributes such as fair trade and wood origin were included. A questionnaire was set up using all the attributes reflected in the hypothetical wood flooring product in the market. Based on the result, consumers were willing to pay the highest for the presence of fair trade and wood origin (in this study referring to French origin); nevertheless they were still willing to pay for sustainable aspects of forest. However, the willingness to pay for all the attributes was altered depending on the respondents' knowledge of forest labelling, their attitudes towards environmental preservation, living area, education level, type of job and income level. In the overall finding of the thesis, all the results from each part were synthesized in a systemic approach simultaneously deliberating on the macro and microeconomic perspectives as well as the dimensions on demand and supply. Overall, the findings suggest that the challenges and constraints facing the Malaysian timber industry indirectly shaped the export of Malaysian wooden products. Malaysia has adapted by going into value-added products to lessen the impact of environment-related trade barriers and to circumvent the shortage of raw materials supply. Malaysia has successfully customized the wooden products to the sustainability and legality requirements of the European market by pursuing the national certification (Malaysian Timber Certification) and being committed to sustainable forest management objectives.

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Nogueira, Lia. "Non-tariff barriers and technology trade and welfare implications /." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Summer2008/l_nogueira_072308.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Trade barriers"

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Wallis, W. Allen. Protectionism and trade barriers. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of State, Bureau of Public Affairs, Office of Public Communication, Editorial Division, 1987.

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Swacker, Frank Warren. World trade without barriers. Charlottesville, Va: Michie Butterworth Law Publishers, 1995.

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Trade barriers and China. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2008.

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Technical barriers to trade. 2nd ed. Geneva, Switzerland: World Trade Organization, 2014.

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Baldwin, Richard E. Factor market barriers are trade barriers: Gains from trade in 1992. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1988.

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Baldwin, Richard. Factor market barriers are trade barriers: Gains from trade in 1992. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1988.

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Technical barriers to agricultural trade. Boulder, Colo: Westview Press, 1991.

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US GOVERNMENT. National trade estimate report on foreign trade barriers. Washington, DC: Office of the United States Trade Representative, 1986.

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W, Ferguson Richard, and Oppenheimer Michael F, eds. Nontariff barriers to high-technology trade. Boulder, Colo: Westview Press, 1985.

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Tao, Jingzhou. Non-tariff trade barriers in China. Hong Kong: Sweet & Maxwell Asia, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Trade barriers"

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Parameswaran, Benjamin. "Identifying Trade Barriers." In The Liberation of Maritime Transport Services, 41–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17105-5_3.

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Mikić, Mia. "Arguments for Trade Barriers." In International Trade, 359–82. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-26372-1_10.

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Langdana, Farrokh, and Peter T. Murphy. "Trade Barriers and Protectionism." In Springer Texts in Business and Economics, 75–116. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1635-7_6.

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McDonald, Brian. "Technical Barriers to Trade." In The World Trading System, 116–23. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230379701_13.

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Mariani, Angela, and Eugenio Pomarici. "Barriers to Wine Trade." In The Palgrave Handbook of Wine Industry Economics, 291–315. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98633-3_14.

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Sundaram, Jae. "Technical Barriers to Trade." In WTO Law and Policy, 524–65. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367028183-16.

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Sundaram, Jae. "Technical Barriers to Trade." In WTO Law and Policy, 566–605. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367028183-17.

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Kimbugwe, Kato, Nicholas Perdikis, May T. Yeung, and William A. Kerr. "Quantifying Tariff Barriers." In Economic Development Through Regional Trade, 176–200. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230369924_7.

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Mikić, Mia. "Economic Analysis of Non-Tariff Barriers." In International Trade, 323–58. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-26372-1_9.

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Gandolfo, Giancarlo. "Tariff and Non-Tariff Barriers." In International Trade Theory and Policy, 147–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61680-8_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Trade barriers"

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Liu, Xue. "THE IMPACT OF NEW TRADE BARRIERS ON CHINA’S EXPORT TRADE." In International Conference on Economics and Management Innovations. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Xiao-Guang Yue, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/icemi.02.2018.41.43.

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Lei, Wang. "The Measurement of Trade Barriers Index of Trade in Services." In 2011 International Conference on Business Computing and Global Informatization (BCGIn). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bcgin.2011.50.

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Ma, Jing. "Study on Barriers to Trade and Current International Trade System." In 3rd International Conference on Management Science, Education Technology, Arts, Social Science and Economics. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/msetasse-15.2015.8.

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Zhang, Rui. "China's Government Choice against Technical Trade Barriers." In 2016 4th International Education, Economics, Social Science, Arts, Sports and Management Engineering Conference (IEESASM 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ieesasm-16.2016.18.

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Wei, Gekun. "Analysis of Environmental Barriers in International Trade." In 2017 3rd International Conference on Economics, Social Science, Arts, Education and Management Engineering (ESSAEME 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/essaeme-17.2017.298.

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Zhao, Yanping. "Literature Review of International Service Trade Barriers." In 2016 International Conference on Modern Management, Education Technology, and Social Science (MMETSS 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/mmetss-16.2017.27.

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"Study on the Environmental Barriers in International Trade." In 2018 International Conference on Economics, Politics and Business Management. Francis Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25236/icepbm.2018.82.

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Yu, Xiaoxia. "Research on Malicious Green Barriers in International Trade." In 2016 International Conference on Economy, Management and Education Technology. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icemet-16.2016.176.

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LU, Bei, and Xin LIU. "Protective Effect Analysis on Technical Barriers to Trade." In 2013 International Conference on Information, Business and Education Technology (ICIBET-2013). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icibet.2013.175.

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Lan-Feng, Yu. "Study on Logistics Barriers to Procurement from the Chinese Market." In 2014 International Conference on Economic Management and Trade Cooperation (EMTC 2014). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/emtc-14.2014.89.

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Reports on the topic "Trade barriers"

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Baldwin, Richard. Factor Market Barriers are Trade Barriers: Gains From Trade in 1992. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2656.

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Baqaee, David, and Emmanuel Farhi. Networks, Barriers, and Trade. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26108.

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Ravikumar, B., Michael J. Sposi, Raymond Riezman, and Piyusha Mutreja. Price Equalization, Trade Flows, and Barriers to Trade. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.20955/wp.2013.039.

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Lee, Jong-Wha, and Phillip Swagel. Trade Barriers and Trade Flows across Countries and Industries. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w4799.

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Cawley, John, and Tomas Philipson. An Empirical Examination of Information Barriers to Trade in Insurance. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5669.

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Kahn, Theodore, Antoni Estevadeordal, and Mauricio Mesquita Moreira. Bringing Down the Barriers: IDB Research on Trade Costs in LAC. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0000026.

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Mesquita Moreira, Mauricio, Andre Soares, and Kun Li. Uncovering the Barriers of the China-Latin America and Caribbean Trade. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0000396.

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Jha, Veena. Trade Flows, Barriers and Market Drivers in Renewable Energy Supply Goods. Geneva, Switzerland: International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.7215/nr_ip_20100125.

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Maggi, Giovanni, Monika Mrázová, and Peter Neary. Choked By Red Tape? The Political Economy of Wasteful Trade Barriers. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24739.

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Mesquita Moreira, Mauricio, Andre Soares, and Kun Li. Uncovering the Barriers of the China-Latin America and Caribbean Trade: Fact Sheet. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0000467.

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