Relevant bibliographies by topics / Trace metal concentrations

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Academic literature on the topic 'Trace metal concentrations'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Trace metal concentrations"

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Li, Ya-nan, Zhihui Duan, Jing Li, Zhiwei Shao, Juncheng Mo, Junhui Wu, Shuyi Ling, Zhuoheng Liu, and Chengyu Chen. "Quantitative analysis of trace metals in the Raritan River with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer." Water Supply 20, no. 8 (September 1, 2020): 3183–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2020.206.

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Abstract Raritan River is the largest river basin in New Jersey, providing the water supply for one million people in seven counties nearby. In this study, water samples collected from 11 Raritan River standard sampling stations along the Raritan Estuary to the Atlantic Ocean were analyzed for concentrations of trace metals and their isotopes. The concentration of each trace metal was measured with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), with normalization of internal standard and correction with acid blanks. The metal concentration levels were compared to the National Recommended Water Quality Criteria (NRWQC). Results showed that the metal concentrations generally increased with the sampling station number, indicating that more trace metals were distributed in seawater than freshwater along the river basin. None of the sampling stations had concentrations of 52Cr or 208Pb exceeding the NRWQC. For 64+66Zn, only the water concentration (230 μg/L) at station 7 has exceeded the NRWQC. The concentrations of 75As at stations 9, 10, and 11 have exceeded the NRWQC, possessing potential risk for causing chronic disease. Furthermore, 63+65Cu and 106+111Cd concentrations at all sampling stations exceeded the limit set by NRWQC. Considering the potential health hazards of these trace metals, the sampling sites with excessive concentrations should be monitored.
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Blasco, Julián, Tania Gomes, Tamara García-Barrera, Araceli Rodríguez-Romero, María Gonzalez-Rey, Fernando Morán-Roldán, Chiara Tromibini, Michal Miotk, José Luis Gómez-Ariza, and María Joao Bebianno. "Trace metal concentrations in sediments from the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula." Scientia Marina 74, S1 (November 16, 2010): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.2010.74s1099.

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Shon, Zang-Ho, Ju-Hee Jeong, and Yoo-Keun Kim. "Characteristics of Atmospheric Metalliferous Particles during Large-Scale Fireworks in Korea." Advances in Meteorology 2015 (2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/423275.

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The effect of large-scale firework events on urban background trace metal concentrations was investigated using 24 hr data collected over 3 days at three sites in Busan Metropolitan City, Republic of Korea, during the falls (Oct.) of 2011–2013. The firework events increased local background concentrations of trace metals as follows: K (1.72 times), Sr (2.64 times), As (2.86 times), Pb (2.91 times), and Al (5.44 times). The levels of some metals did not always drop to background level one day after the firework event. The contribution of fireworks to trace metal concentration levels (and emissions) for 2011 event was negligible compared to 2012 and 2013 events due to different meteorological conditions (precipitation). In addition, the impact of firework events on the ambient concentration levels of trace metals was likely to be different depending on their chemical speciation. The impact of firework events in Busan on urban air quality (trace metal) was less intense compared to other similar festivals worldwide. The largest emission of trace metals and elements from firework burning was represented by K (128–164 kg), followed by Pb, Cd, Cu, Mg, Ba, As, Al, Ga, Co, and Na.
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D’Haese, Patrick C., Marie-Madeleine Couttenye, Ludwig V. Lamberts, Monique M. Elseviers, William G. Goodman, Iris Schrooten, Walter E. Cabrera, and Marc E. De Broe. "Aluminum, Iron, Lead, Cadmium, Copper, Zinc, Chromium, Magnesium, Strontium, and Calcium Content in Bone of End-Stage Renal Failure Patients." Clinical Chemistry 45, no. 9 (September 1, 1999): 1548–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/45.9.1548.

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Abstract Background: Little is known about trace metal alterations in the bones of dialysis patients or whether particular types of renal osteodystrophy are associated with either increased or decreased skeletal concentrations of trace elements. Because these patients are at risk for alterations of trace elements as well as for morbidity from skeletal disorders, we measured trace elements in bone of patients with end-stage renal disease. Methods: We analyzed bone biopsies of 100 end-stage renal failure patients enrolled in a hemodialysis program. The trace metal contents of bone biopsies with histological features of either osteomalacia, adynamic bone disease, mixed lesion, normal histology, or hyperparathyroidism were compared with each other and with the trace metal contents of bone of subjects with normal renal function. Trace metals were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: The concentrations of aluminum, chromium, and cadmium were increased in bone of end-stage renal failure patients. Comparing the trace metal/calcium ratio, significantly higher values were found for the bone chromium/calcium, aluminum/calcium, zinc/calcium, magnesium/calcium, and strontium/calcium ratios. Among types of renal osteodystrophy, increased bone aluminum, lead, and strontium concentrations and strontium/calcium and aluminum/calcium ratios were found in dialysis patients with osteomalacia vs the other types of renal osteodystrophy considered as one group. Moreover, the concentrations of several trace elements in bone were significantly correlated with each other. Bone aluminum was correlated with the time on dialysis, whereas bone iron, aluminum, magnesium, and strontium tended to be associated with patient age. Bone trace metal concentrations did not depend on vitamin D intake nor on the patients’ gender. Conclusions: The concentration of several trace elements in bone of end-stage renal failure patients is disturbed, and some of the trace metals under study might share pathways of absorption, distribution, and accumulation. The clinical significance of the increased/decreased concentrations of several trace elements other than aluminum in bone of dialysis patients deserves further investigation.
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Hsiao, Shih-Hui, and Tien-Hsi Fang. "Trace metal contents in male, non-ovigerous and ovigerous females, and the egg sacs of the marine copepod, Euchaeta concinna Dana, 1849 (Copepoda, Euchaetidae), collected from the southern East China Sea." Crustaceana 86, no. 11 (2013): 1410–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685403-00003231.

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Marine copepods have a great ability to accumulate trace metals from seawater. The trace metal content in marine copepods may vary both intra- and inter-specifically. However, the known specific trace metal content of the copepod sexes and according to the ovigerous status of the females is very limited. Copepod samples of Euchaeta concinna Dana, 1849, were collected from the southern East China Sea and separated into four groups: males; non-ovigerous females; ovigerous females without egg sacs, and egg sacs, in order to analyse the trace metal contents (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in these samples. These trace metal contents were found to range between 0.04 and 195.7 μg/g. Zinc, Fe, and Cu were the major components among the trace metals studied and their concentrations generally exceeded 10 μg/g. The trace metal contents in the copepod body generally exceeded the amount in the egg sacs. However, the Cr concentration in the egg sacs was much higher than that in the copepod body, either male or female, and the value ranked as second just behind Zn among the metals studied. The nickel content was also slightly higher in the egg sacs. This study provides the important finding that E. concinna egg sacs contained Cr concentrations out of all proportions to that of the copepod body. Yet, why E. concinna egg sacs contain relatively higher Cr concentrations than the body remains a question to be answered.
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Ellwood, Michael J., Peter Wilson, Kay Vopel, and Malcolm Green. "Trace metal cycling in the Whau Estuary, Auckland, New Zealand." Environmental Chemistry 5, no. 4 (2008): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en07077.

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Environmental context. The accumulation of trace metals from urban runoff is a serious environmental concern. In the present paper we show that, in the case of the Whau Estuary, Auckland, New Zealand, there is a significant particulate Zn input, of which a significant amount of Zn is lost from the particulate phase into the dissolved phase within the water column, and via molecular diffusion across the water–sediment interface. The present study shows that changes in the chemical speciation of Zn, associated with changes in salinity, play a major role in regulating the recycling of this metal between the particulate and dissolved phases. Abstract. Dissolved Zn, Cd, Cu, Fe, and Pb concentrations were measured along a salinity gradient in the Whau Estuary, Auckland, New Zealand. We found a mid-salinity maximum in dissolved Zn and Cd concentrations, consistent with significant loss of these metals from the particulate phase into the dissolved phase. Changes in the chemical speciation of these two metals were coupled to changes in salinity and this was the major driver for Zn and Cd loss from particulate material. Contrastingly, Cu concentrations were conservative with salinity, whereas there was significant scavenging of Fe and Pb from the dissolved phase into the particulate phase. Analysis of sediment pore-water metal concentrations indicated a peak in Zn concentration within the suboxic layer. The peak occurred at a shallower depth than those for Mn and Fe. The concentration gradient across the sediment–water interface suggests that diffusional loss of Zn from the sediment pore water into the overlying water column was occurring. Conversely, the diffusion of Cu from the water column into the sediment pore water was likely to occur because pore-water Cu concentrations were lower than the overlying water column concentrations. The results from the present study show the importance of chemical speciation and the lability of metals attached to particulate material as potentially being a critical determinant on sediment metal concentrations.
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Fasfous, Ismail I., C. L. Chakrabarti, John Murimboh, and Tahir Yapici. "Complexation of Lead in Model Solutions of Humic Acid: Heterogeneity and Effects of Competition with Copper, Nickel, and Zinc." Environmental Chemistry 3, no. 4 (2006): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en06022.

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Environmental Context. Metal bioavailability and toxicity are often related to free metal concentration rather than total metal concentration. Humic substances are chemically and physically heterogeneous complexants for metals in natural waters, and play an important role in trace metal transport, fate, and bioavailability. Metal bioavailability, which depends on chemical speciation of metals, is greatly influenced by the presence of other trace metals and major cations in natural waters. In this work, the effects of heterogeneity of humic substances, and of competition of trace metals on lead speciation in model solutions have been studied to gain a better understanding of these effects on complexation of trace metal lead and its bioavailability. Abstract. Physicochemical heterogeneity of a well characterized humic acid (HA) in its complexation with a trace metal lead in model solutions was investigated using pseudo-polarography at a stationary mercury drop electrode, and the differential equilibrium function (DEF) of Pb(ii)–HA complexes was determined. The complexation of Pb(ii) by HA was determined by taking into account the dependence of the strength of the binding on the metal (Pb) loading. Also investigated were the effects of competition of the trace metals copper, nickel, and zinc on the DEF of Pb(ii)–HA complexes in model solutions. The results showed that these trace metals competed with trace metal lead for binding by HA even when present at the same concentrations as that of lead.
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Tembeni, Babalwa, Opeoluwa O. Oyedeji, Ikechukwu P. Ejidike, and Adebola O. Oyedeji. "Evaluation of Trace Metal Profile inCymbopogon validusandHyparrhenia hirtaUsed as Traditional Herbs from Environmentally Diverse Region of Komga, South Africa." Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9293165.

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FAAS was used for the analysis of trace metals in fresh and dry plant parts ofCymbopogon validusandHyparrhenia hirtaspecies with the aim of determining the trace metals concentrations in selected traditional plants consumed in Eastern Cape, South Africa. The trace metal concentration (mg/kg) in the samples of dryCymbopogon validusleaves (DCVL) showed Cu of12.40±1.000; Zn of2.42±0.401; Fe of2.50±0.410; Mn of1.31±0.210; Pb of3.36±0.401 mg/kg, while the samples of freshHyparrhenia hirtaflowers (FHHF) gave Cu of9.77±0.610; Zn of0.70±0.200; Fe of2.11±0.200; Mn of1.15±0.080; Pb of3.15±0.100 mg/kg. Abundance of metal concentrations follows the order: Cu > Fe > Pb > Mn > Zn in the flower samples ofCymbopogon validusandHyparrhenia hirtaspecies. The concentrations of trace metals in both plant parts were below the permissible limits (PL) set by WHO. It is suggested that pharmacovigilance be carried out periodically to improve the quality, safety, and efficiency of various herbal products.
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Venter, Andrew D., Pieter G. van Zyl, Johan P. Beukes, Micky Josipovic, Johan Hendriks, Ville Vakkari, and Lauri Laakso. "Atmospheric trace metals measured at a regional background site (Welgegund) in South Africa." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 6 (March 29, 2017): 4251–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-4251-2017.

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Abstract. Atmospheric trace metals can cause a variety of health-related and environmental problems. Only a few studies on atmospheric trace metal concentrations have been conducted in South Africa. Therefore the aim of this study was to determine trace metal concentrations in aerosols collected at a regional background site, i.e. Welgegund, South Africa. PM1, PM1–2. 5 and PM2. 5–10 samples were collected for 13 months, and 31 atmospheric trace metal species were detected. Atmospheric iron (Fe) had the highest concentrations in all three size fractions, while calcium (Ca) was the second-most-abundant species. Chromium (Cr) and sodium (Na) concentrations were the third- and fourth-most-abundant species, respectively. The concentrations of the trace metal species in all three size ranges were similar, with the exception of Fe, which had higher concentrations in the PM1 size fraction. With the exception of titanium (Ti), aluminium (Al) and manganese (Mg), 70 % or more of the trace metal species detected were in the smaller size fractions, which indicated the influence of industrial activities. However, the large influence of wind-blown dust was reflected by 30 % or more of trace metals being present in the PM2. 5–10 size fraction. Comparison of trace metals determined at Welgegund to those in the western Bushveld Igneous Complex indicated that at both locations similar species were observed, with Fe being the most abundant. However, concentrations of these trace metal species were significantly higher in the western Bushveld Igneous Complex. Fe concentrations at the Vaal Triangle were similar to levels thereof at Welgegund, while concentrations of species associated with pyrometallurgical smelting were lower. Annual average Ni was 4 times higher, and annual average As was marginally higher than their respective European standard values, which could be attributed to regional influence of pyrometallurgical industries in the western Bushveld Igneous Complex. All three size fractions indicated elevated trace metal concentrations coinciding with the end of the dry season, which could partially be attributed to decreased wet removal and increases in wind generation of particulates. Principal component factor analysis (PCFA) revealed four meaningful factors in the PM1 size fraction, i.e. crustal, pyrometallurgical-related and Au slimes dams. No meaningful factors were determined for the PM1–2. 5 and PM2. 5–10 size fractions, which was attributed to the large influence of wind-blown dust on atmospheric trace metals determined at Welgegund. Pollution roses confirmed the influence of wind-blown dust on trace metal concentrations measured at Welgegund, while the impact of industrial activities was also substantiated.
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DeBenedictis, Chiara Alessia, Andrea Raab, Ellen Ducie, Shauna Howley, Joerg Feldmann, and Andreas Martin Grabrucker. "Concentrations of Essential Trace Metals in the Brain of Animal Species—A Comparative Study." Brain Sciences 10, no. 7 (July 17, 2020): 460. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10070460.

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The essential trace metals iron, zinc, and copper have a significant physiological role in healthy brain development and function. Especially zinc is important for neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, synaptic transmission and plasticity, and neurite outgrowth. Given the key role of trace metals in many cellular processes, it is important to maintain adequate levels in the brain. However, the physiological concentration of trace metals, and in particular zinc, in the human and animal brain is not well described so far. For example, little is known about the trace metal content of the brain of animals outside the class of mammals. Here, we report the concentration of iron, zinc, and copper in fresh brain tissue of different model-species of the phyla Chordata (vertebrates (mammals, fish)), Annelida, Arthropoda (insects), and Mollusca (snails), using inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS). Our results show that the trace metals are present in the nervous system of all species and that significant differences can be detected between species of different phyla. We further show that a region-specific distribution of metals within the nervous system already exists in earthworms, hinting at a tightly controlled metal distribution. In line with this, the trace metal content of the brain of different species does not simply correlate with brain size. We conclude that although the functional consequences of the controlled metal homeostasis within the brain of many species remains elusive, trace metal biology may not only play an important role in the nervous system of mammals but across the whole animal kingdom.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Trace metal concentrations"

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Lunel, Tim. "Trace metal concentrations and isotopes as tracers of oceanic processes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.277899.

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Naik, Avani. "Trace Metal Fluxes in Southwest Ohio Watersheds." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1284740505.

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Khadka, Mitra B. "Variation in Trace Metal Concentrations in A Fluvial Environment, Ottawa River, Toledo, Ohio." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1281396632.

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Singh, Inderjit. "Significance of building and plumbing specifics on trace metal concentrations in drinking water." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28724.

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Samples were taken from 72 high-rise apartment suites (6 suites in 12 individual high-rise towers) and 60 single-family houses located within the Greater Vancouver Regional District. The influence of the following factors on trace metal concentrations in 1-L first-flush drinking water samples and running hot water samples was investigated: building height, location, plumbing age, type of plumbing and type of building. Results of this survey show that with the exception of building height, all factors had a correlation with one or more of the trace metals investigated. The trace metals examined were lead, copper, iron and zinc. Lead was influenced primarily by building type, copper by plumbing age and type of plumbing and iron by location. Elevated lead levels were associated with high-rise samples. New copper plumbing systems resulted in high copper levels. Highest iron levels in the drinking water were measured in the East location. Zinc did not show a distinct correlation with any of the factors investigated. Brass faucets were the primary source of zinc in tap water. They also contributed substantially to the lead detected in the 1-L first-flush sample. Metal concentrations measured in high-rise and house samples were compared with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) and the proposed no-action level for lead1. In high-rise samples, the 0.01 mg/L "no-action" proposed for lead was exceeded in 43% of the samples and 62% of the samples exceeded the current 1.0 mg/L MCL standard for copper. In single-family house samples, these values were 1 Compliance with the proposed 0.01 mg/L no action limit for lead is based on a sample average. Individual samples may exceed this value and still be in compliance. 47% and 73%, respectively. The average lead concentration for all high-rise samples was 0.020 mg/L and 0.013 mg/L for house samples. Regulatory levels stated above would still be exceeded in 6% of the cases for lead and 9% of the cases for copper, even after prolonged flushing of the tap in a high-rise building. In all cases associated with single-family houses, flushing the cold water tap for 5 minutes was successful in achieving compliance levels.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Civil Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Vogel, Allan Hayes. "Some Relationships Between Sedimentary Trace Metal Concentrations and Freshwater Phytoplankton and Sedimentary Diatom Species Composition." PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1295.

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Sediments from 21 Oregon lakes were analyzed for seven metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Co, Ni, V) in three forms (exchangeable, organic+sulfides, and oxyhydroxides+ oxides+ carbonates) using a sequential fractionation procedure. The summer epilimnetic filterable concentration of an eighth (Mo) was also determined. Sedimentary diatom remains and summer phytoplankton populations of the lakes were correlated with the 22 metal parameters and with conservative water chemistry parameters, estimators of lake productivity, and watershed geology. Both the sedimentary metals and the two populations of primary producers correlated best with the ecoregions of Omernik and Gallant (1986). A number of species possessed correlations with specific trace metal extractions or ratios of those extractions. Bloom-forming Anabaenas strongly correlated with sedimentary organic and filterable epilimnetic nickel. Possible Ni limitation of this group was observed in one Cascade lake (Lava). The ratio of organic nickel to cobalt appeared to control the abundance of several sedimentary diatoms. Organic vanadium strongly correlated with a number of diatoms, particularly in the genera, Cyclotella and Fragilaria. Possible V pollution was observed in one lake (Woahink), and frustule remains of C. stelligera significantly increased with increasing total sedimentary V concentrations there. Zinc was the trace metal most frequently found to apparently limit diatom growth. Diatoms may have developed three different responses to Zn limitation; the three groups have been labelled affinity-, velocity-, and (possibly) storage- specialists following Sommer (1985). Possible Zn pollution was observed in two lakes (Oswego and Clear). Phytoplankton and sedimentary diatoms weakly correlated with sedimentary iron by comparison to Ni, V, or Zn. Few strong relationships were observed with manganese, copper, or cobalt. No statistically significant correlations were found with molybdenum, and few correlations between a conservative chemical parameter and a species of phytoplankton were found. There was poor correlation between trace metal concentrations and lake productivity, despite frequently observed correlations between individual species and particular trace metal fractions. These findings suggest that variations in absolute trace metal concentrations, and/or ratios, may be important factors for controlling species distribution, but have relatively little influence upon lake primary productivity or standing stocks.
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Alharbi, Mohammed Musad Mohammed. "Spatial and temporal variations in trace metal concentrations in sediments, pore water of the Forth estuary, and their potential impact on water quality." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386611.

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The concentrations of trace metals: cadmium, copper, nickel, lead and mercury, in addition to aluminium, iron and manganese were determined in the sediments and pore water (except aluminium) of the Forth estuary. Organic matter (as loss on ignition), total organic carbon (TOe), total organic nitrogen (TON), particle size and redox potential were also determined in the sediments. In addition, chloride, sulphate, conductivity, alkalinity, pH, dissolved organic carbon, phosphate and nitrate were determined in the sediments pore water. Trace metals in the pore water were determined using a modified preconcentration technique and measurements were carried out by graphite furnace. Mercury was measured using the p.s.a mercury specific fluorescence detector. organic matter (TOC & TON) in the sediments were measured using CHNS/O analyzer. Samples were collected at seasonal intervals for a period of 18 months on board the survey vessel "Forth Ranger". Six stations were selected to represent upper, middle and lower estuary. Sediment cores collected at each station were subjected to centrifugation under nitrogen gas atmosphere to separate the pore water after being sectioned at 2.5 cm intervals for a depth of 10 centimetres. Concentrations of trace metals in the Forth estuary varied from station to station and from one season to another. Mean concentrations for sediments were as follows (mg\kg): lead, 56.9; cadmium, 0.22; copper, 38.9; nickel, 33.7 and mercury, 1.86. For pore water, the mean concentraxxi tions (Jlg\l) were as follows: lead, 3.14; cadmium, 1.86; copper, 31.9; nickel, 24.7 and mercury, 0.075. Measurements of sulphates, nitrates, phosphate, conductivity and dissolved organic carbon were used to examine the processes controlling their distributions in the pore water. The results indicated that the distributions of nutrients (phosphate and nitrate) in the upper 10 cm seemed to be controlled by macro-infaunal irrigation activities and their values varied according to the overlying water conditions. The distributions of trace metals in the sediments were found to be controlled by particle size and organic matter both spatially and temporally. Vertical distribution of trace metals in the pore water were found to be controlled by redox potential variations especially for iron and manganese. Concentrations of trace metals (Pb, Hg, Ni, Cd and CU) in the pore water were found to be higher than that in the overlying water. Enrichment factors were limited to 10-50 fold increase. Lead and mercury were 10 fold higher while 50 fold higher were found for nickel, copper and cadmium. Benthic flux calculations showed a significant flux of trace metals both in the summer and winter. However, flux of copper, nickel and lead tended to increase in the summer. Spatially, the lower estuary showed a higher flux of trace metals than the upper and middle reaches of the estuary.
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Jolley, Dianne F., and n/a. "The accumulation and storage of selenium in Anadara Trapezia." University of Canberra. Applied Science, 1999. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060802.172608.

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This study examines the occurrence, distribution and storage of selenium in seagrass communities of Lake Macquarie, which is a heavily industrialised area of NSW, where notably high trace metal concentrations have been reported previously. Initially a suite of organisms was collected from a seagrass bed (Zostera capricornia) in the southeastern section of the lake to investigate the bioaccumulation and biomagnification of selenium. All organisms contained selenium, with sediment-dwelling organisms containing the highest Se concentrations. No consistent pattern of significant Se-metal correlations with Cu, Zn and Cd was found. Biomagnification of Se was evident, as concentrations increased from sediments and water to flora (algae and seagrass) to bivalves to Crustacea. However, this trend was not continued to the higher trophic groups of invertebrate predators and teleost fish. The bivalve Anadara trapezia was further studied. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors affecting the accumulation of Se were examined. Gender and mass were assessed in a single day study, followed by a temporal investigation of the effect of gender, reproductive cycle, temperature and salinity on Se accumulation. Gender had no effect on the accumulation of Se in A. trapezia. Se was present in all tissues (adductor, blood, foot, gills, intestine and mantle) and not immobilised or stored in a specific tissue, indicating that it plays a structural role in the tissues of A. trapezia. Se burden increased relative to size (shell length and dry mass) suggesting that Se is metabolically controlled within the organism. Se concentrations were found to fluctuate temporally because of: food availability in response to water temperatures; the reproductive cycle; and associated metabolic activities responding to temperature changes and food availability. Subcellular selenium associations in A. trapezia were examined to assist in the understanding of the fate of Se in marine tissues. Most of the Se was associated with proteins, suggesting that Se has a metabolic role in this marine organism. Proteins are intrinsically associated with the lipid bilayer of the cell membranes. A number of proteins (94, 85, 43, 36.5, 30, 23.4, 17.4 and 15 kDa) were separated by SDS PAGE from ethanol fractions. Determination of the Se concentration within individual proteins was not possible because the ratio of Se to protein was too low for further analysis. These findings indicated that Se plays a metabolic role in the tissues of the marine organism A. trapezia. The biochemical regulatory mechanism responsible for maintaining Se concentrations within the tissues is currently unknown.
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Herselman, Jacoba Elizabeth. "The concentration of selected trace metals in South African soils." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1390.

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Thesis (PhD (Soil Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.
Trace elements occur naturally in soils, usually at low concentrations (<0.1% or <1000 mg kg-1 of the earth’s crust), as a result of weathering and pedogenic processes acting on the rock fragments from which soil develops (parent material). Since about 98% of human food is produced on land, soil is the primary source supplying these elements to the food chain. Although cases of trace element deficiency and toxicity have been documented in many parts of South Africa, no comprehensive description of trace element concentration has yet been attempted for South Africa as a whole. The Natural Resources Land Type mapping project, initiated in the mid-1970s, has provided a collection of samples (approximately 4500) from soil profiles selected to represent the main soil forms in each land type and therefore to provide representative coverage of most of the soils of South Africa. These archived samples have now been analysed for a spectrum of trace elements, in terms of both available and total concentrations as well as other soil properties. Although detailed information is available on a wide range of trace metals, the seven trace metals considered to be of most interest in a South African context due to natural geological occurrences were selected for this study, including Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn. This data was used to: • determine baseline concentrations in SA soils; • determining threshold values for South African agricultural soils receiving sewage sludge at agronomic rates; • determining the influence of certain soil properties on the baseline concentrations of these trace elements in SA soils; and • development of a bioavailable trace element distribution map for SA. The range, the mean and standard deviation (both arithmetic and geometric), and the median were used to summarize the data statistically. The baseline concentration range was calculated using the quotient and product of the geometric mean and the square of the geometric standard deviation, including data below the instrument detection limit. The upper limit of the baseline concentration range was set at the 0.975 percentile value of the population in order to minimize the influence of contamination and the lower limit at the 0.025 percentile value to minimize problems that might be associated with analytical uncertainty near the lower limit of detection. The quantile regression statistical approach was followed to illustrate the relationship between soil properties and trace element concentrations in soils. The soil properties that showed the strongest relation were CEC, clay content, pH (H2O) and S value (base status). The soils were then divided into different classes according to these soil properties and baseline concentrations were derived for the different classes. Soils with low clay contents have lower trace element concentrations than soils with higher clay contents, soils with low or high pH levels have lower trace element contents than soils with intermediate pH values and mesotrophic soils have higher trace element concentrations than dystrophic soils. This information is useful for the compilation of trace element distribution maps for South Africa where different soil forms and series/families could be classified into different classes to determine areas of potential deficiencies as well as toxicities. South Africa, with its diverse geology, has areas of both trace element toxicities and deficiencies and for decision-making purposes it is necessary to identify these areas. Mapping of trace element levels based on soil samples would provide valuable information, which cannot be obtained from geological or geographical maps. Statistical analyses of the data (clay %, base status, pH (H2O) and NH4EDTA extractable trace element concentrations) indicated that soils could be divided into five trace element classes based on their clay content, pH and base status (dystrophic, mesotrophic and eutrophic). The soil series according to the binomial soil classification system for South Africa were then divided into these different classes. The geometric means for each clay class were determined and the baseline concentration range for each class was calculated. The land type maps were used as basis for the distribution maps. A general trace element distribution map for South Africa was derived from this data as well as Cu and Zn distribution maps. A random selection of 500 soil samples across the country was used to verify the accuracy of the distribution map. The general trace element distribution map indicate, with a confidence level between 89 and 96%, where the potentially available trace element content of South African soils are low (deficient) too moderately high, excluding rocky areas and areas with limited soil. The Cu and Zn maps indicate the distribution and expected baseline concentrations of these specific elements in South African soils. The same methodology could be applied to derive risk maps for all the individual trace elements to indicate the distribution and expected baseline concentrations of the elements in South Africa. This presentation of baseline concentrations, reflecting likely natural ranges in South African soils, is the first quantitative report on the spatial extent and intensity of Zn, Cu and Co deficiency in South African soils. The proposal of new threshold values for trace elements in agricultural soils will be valuable in setting more realistic norms for environmental contamination that accommodate the geochemical peculiarities of the region, one example being rather high Cr and Ni concentrations with low bio-availability. This information should be of value not only in environmental pollution studies but also in health, agriculture, forestry and wildlife management. The following recommendations are made: • The baseline concentrations could be used to determine site specific threshold values based on soil properties and soil type. Soils with lower pH, clay content and CEC would require more protection than soils with high pH, clay content and CEC and therefore the threshold levels for these soils should be lower. • Although the distribution maps can be used to indicate broad areas of trace element deficiencies and toxicities, more detailed investigations are recommended for areas where problems are experienced. The same methodology could be applied on smaller scale to increase the value of the map and to add more value on a regional scale. The maps could be used for regional soil quality assessment especially in areas where trace element deficiencies or toxicities could result in negative effects on plants and animals.
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Herselman, J. E. "The concentration of selected trace metals in South African soils /." Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1390.

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Hendawi, Adel T. S. A. "Pre-concentration of trace metals, with special reference to uranium." Thesis, University of Bath, 1988. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.760582.

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Books on the topic "Trace metal concentrations"

1

Rossmann, Ronald. Trace metal concentrations in the offshore waters and sediments of Lake Superior. Ann Arbor, Mich: Great Lakes Research Division, University of Michigan, 1986.

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McGovern, E. Trace metal and chlorinated hydrocarbon concentrations in shellfish from Irish waters, 1997-1999. Dublin: Marine Institute, 2001.

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Jones, Geoff. Metal concentrations in soils and produce from gardens in Flin Flon, Manitoba, 2002. Winnipeg: Manitoba Conservation, 2006.

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Duston, Nina M. Metal concentrations in marine fish and shellfish from Boston and Salem harbors, and coastal Massachusetts: Progress report. [Boston, Mass.]: Executive Office of Environmental Affairs, Dept. of Fisheries, Wildlife, & Environmental Law Enforcement, Division of Marine Fisheries, 1990.

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Steele, T. D. Temporal and spatial patterns in trace-metal concentrations of a mountain stream in west-central Colorado, USA. Washington, DC: International Association of Hydrological Sciences, 1991.

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Graham, Neil D. Method development for the determination of trace metal concentrations in urine samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, 2005.

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Giddings, Elise M. P. Trace-metal concentrations in sediment and water and health of aquatic macroinvertebrate communities of streams near Park City, Summit County, Utah. Salt Lake City, Utah: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Giddings, Elise M. P. Trace-metal concentrations in sediment and water and health of aquatic macroinvertebrate communities of streams near Park City, Summit County, Utah. Salt Lake City, Utah: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Giddings, Elise M. P. Trace-metal concentrations in sediment and water and health of aquatic macroinvertebrate communities of streams near Park City, Summit County, Utah. Salt Lake City, Utah: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Giddings, Elise M. P. Trace-metal concentrations in sediment and water and health of aquatic macroinvertebrate communities of streams near Park City, Summit County, Utah. Salt Lake City, Utah: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Trace metal concentrations"

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Brown, Murray T., and Michael H. Depledge. "Determinants of trace metal concentrations in marine organisms." In Metal Metabolism in Aquatic Environments, 185–217. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2761-6_7.

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Lyons, W. Berry, and Henri E. Gaudette. "Trace Metal Concentrations in Sediments from the Gavish Sabkha." In Hypersaline Ecosystems, 346–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70290-7_19.

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Schmidt, Diether. "Gradients of Trace Heavy Metal Concentrations in the Elbe Estuary." In Estuarine Water Quality Management, 443–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75413-5_65.

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Schmidt, Dieter. "Gradients of trace heavy metal concentrations in the Elbe estuary." In Estuarine Water Quality Management Monitoring, Modelling and Research, 443–48. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ce036p0443.

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Ouchir, Nesrine, Lassaad Ben Aissa, and Mabrouk Boughdiri. "Trace Metal Concentrations in Surface Water in Ichkeul Lake Basin: a Case Study." In Petrogenesis and Exploration of the Earth’s Interior, 105–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01575-6_25.

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Oudin, Elisabeth. "Trace Element and Precious Metal Concentrations in East Pacific Rise, Cyprus and Red Sea Submarine Sulfide Deposits." In Marine Minerals, 349–62. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3803-8_24.

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Yeats, P. A., T. G. Milligan, T. F. Sutherland, S. M. C. Robinson, J. A. Smith, P. Lawton, and C. D. Levings. "Lithium-Normalized Zinc and Copper Concentrations in Sediments as Measures of Trace Metal Enrichment due to Salmon Aquaculture." In Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, 207–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b136011.

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Baeyens, Willy. "Evolution of trace metal concentrations in the Scheldt estuary (1978–1995). A comparison with estuarine and ocean levels." In Trace Metals in the Westerschelde Estuary: A Case-Study of a Polluted, Partially Anoxic Estuary, 157–67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3573-5_10.

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Padovan, Anna, Niels Munksgaard, Belinda Alvarez, Keith McGuinness, David Parry, and Karen Gibb. "Trace metal concentrations in the tropical sponge Spheciospongia vagabunda at a sewage outfall: synchrotron X-ray imaging reveals the micron-scale distribution of accumulated metals." In Ancient Animals, New Challenges, 275–88. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4688-6_23.

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Gaertner, Heiko, Arne Petter Ratvik, and Thor Anders Aarhaug. "Trace Element Concentration in Particulates from Pot Exhaust and Depositions in Fume Treatment Facilities." In Light Metals 2013, 769–74. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118663189.ch131.

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Conference papers on the topic "Trace metal concentrations"

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Gifford, Alex H. "RELATIONSHIPS AMONG SPUTUM TRACE METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS." In American Thoracic Society 2010 International Conference, May 14-19, 2010 • New Orleans. American Thoracic Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2010.181.1_meetingabstracts.a3186.

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Huggler, Sadie M. D., and Lawrence D. Lemke. "ANALYSIS OF TRACE METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN FLOODED URBAN GARDEN SOILS." In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-322159.

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Wang, Bronwen, Larry Gough, Todd Hinkley, John Garbarino, and Paul Lamothe. "Trace Metal Concentrations in Snow From the Yukon River Basin, Alaska and Canada." In World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2005. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)263.

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Schuler, M., N. Helwig, A. Schutze, T. Sauerwald, and G. Ventura. "Detecting trace-level concentrations of volatile organic compounds with metal oxide gas sensors." In 2013 IEEE Sensors. IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2013.6688276.

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Kuganathan, Sivashanthini, Dhanushka Dilini Jayaweera Shivatharshini Yohi, and Kuttithamby Gunaalan. "Quantitative Analysis Of Trace Metal In Water And Soft Tissues Of Balanus Amphitrite In Nandikadal Lagoon, Sri Lanka." In 2nd International Conference on Research in Science, Engineering and Technology. Acavent, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/2nd.icrset.2019.11.778.

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Due to long–term military activities carried out in Nandikadal lagoon situated at Mullaitivu, Sri Lanka, there are high possibilities to impact water and biota with heavy metals. Balanus amphitrite (Barnacles) has been found as a strong candidate for biomonitoring of trace metals. Therefore, the present study describes the impacts of trace metal pollution on water and the soft tissues of Balanus amphitrite. Water samples and barnacles were collected from two locations of the lagoon for four months during the dry and wet seasons. Quantitative analysis of trace metals (Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb and Zn) were detected in the water and tissue samples using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Cd, Cr, Pb and Cu found in tissues of barnacles were several times higher than the International recommended level except for Zn. The concentration of Pb in tissues of barnacles showed a significant (p < 0.05) spatial variation. The Cd and Cu concentrations obtained in soft tissues showed significant (p < 0.05) seasonal variations. The concentration of Cr in water showed a significant (p < 0.05) spatial variation and other trace metals (Pb,Cd) except Zn, showed significant (p < 0.05) seasonal variations. There were significant positive correlations between water and soft tissues with respect to Cd (p=0.000 & r = 0.893) and Pb (p=0.002 & r=0.435). Zn found in samples showed negative correlation between water and soft tissues. According to this results Balanus amphitrite has an ability to accumulate trace metals several times greater than in the lagoon water. Therefore, Balanus amphitrite is a strong net–accumulator of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr. Hence, it is a good choice to be used as a bioindicator organism to find the level impact of trace metal contamination.
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Rodriguez, Jessica, Shannon Kreutzer, Kristina L. Faul, and Laura Rademacher. "MINOR AND TRACE METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN SURFACE SEDIMENTS OF THREE SAN FRANCISCO BAY REGION RESERVOIRS." In 112th Annual GSA Cordilleran Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016cd-274520.

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Monaghan, Tanya, Tahseen Jilani, Marcin Frankowski, Klaudyna Spiewak, and Malgorzata Brindell. "PTU-048 Serum trace metal concentrations in clostridium difficile infection and their relationship to disease severity." In British Society of Gastroenterology, Annual General Meeting, 4–7 June 2018, Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2018-bsgabstracts.389.

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Magdas, D. A., A. Dehelean, R. Puscas, G. Cristea, F. Tusa, C. Voica, and Mihaela D. Lazar. "The quality control of fruit juices by using the stable isotope ratios and trace metal elements concentrations." In PROCESSES IN ISOTOPES AND MOLECULES (PIM 2011). AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3681996.

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Miller, Jerry, Danvey Walsh, and Lionel Villarroel. "UTILIZATION OF PALEOFLOOD DEPOSITS TO DETERMINE TRACE METAL BACKGROUND CONCENTRATIONS IN ALLUVIAL DEPOSITS, RIO LOA BASIN, CHILE." In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-319187.

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Almaguer, Alexandra, Hilary Sanders Lackey, Kyle R. McCarty, and Jade Star Lackey. "AN INVESTIGATION OF TRACE METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN SEDIMENT AND SURFACE WATER OF THE WOOLSEY WILDFIRE AREA, CALIFORNIA." In GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-341200.

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Reports on the topic "Trace metal concentrations"

1

Bruland, Kenneth W. The Voltammetric Determination of Trace Metal Concentrations and Organic Complexation in Seawater. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada257565.

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Klassen, R. A., I. Girard, and C. Gregoire. Trace-metal concentrations and mercury speciation in two soil profiles, Thunder Bay, Ontario. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/213206.

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Vogel, Allan. Some Relationships Between Sedimentary Trace Metal Concentrations and Freshwater Phytoplankton and Sedimentary Diatom Species Composition. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1294.

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Ji, Yi, Bob McCullouch, and Zhi Zhou. Evaluation of Anti-Icing/De-Icing Products Under Controlled Environmental Conditions. Purdue University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317253.

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Snow and ice removal are important tasks during the winter season and large amounts of anti-icing and de-icing chemicals are used and there is a critical need to review and synthesize information from the literature to compare and contrast anti-icing and de-icing chemicals to understand their environmental impact and support decision making. The effectiveness, costs, and environmental impact of commonly used and alternative anti-icing and de-icing chemicals were reviewed in this study. Application of anti-icing and de-icing chemicals may increase ion concentrations in soils and change nitrogen cycle, soil pH, and trace metal concentrations, affect surface water and groundwater, and increase public health risks. Life cycle assessment was conducted to quantitively evaluate environmental impact of selected anti-icing and de-icing chemicals. A decision support tool on environmental impact was developed to evaluate environmental impact of anti-icing and de-icing chemicals in ten different environmental impact categories. The results showed the environmental life cycle assessment tool developed in this study can be used to compare multiple environment impacts to support decision making for winter operation chemicals.
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Kyllönen, Katriina, Karri Saarnio, Ulla Makkonen, and Heidi Hellén. Verification of the validity of air quality measurements related to the Directive 2004/107/EC in 2019-2020 (DIRME2019). Finnish Meteorological Institute, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35614/isbn.9789523361256.

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This project summarizes the results from 2000–2020and evaluates the trueness andthequality control (QC) procedures of the ongoing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)and trace element measurements in Finlandrelating to Air Quality (AQ) Directive 2004/107/EC. The evaluation was focused on benzo(a)pyrene and other PAH compounds as well as arsenic, cadmium and nickel in PM10and deposition. Additionally, it included lead and other metals in PM10and deposition, gaseous mercury and mercury deposition, andbriefly other specificAQ measurements such as volatile organic compounds (VOC)and PM2.5chemical composition. This project was conducted by the National Reference Laboratory on air quality and thiswas the first time these measurements were assessed. A major part of the project was field and laboratory audits of the ongoing PAH and metal measurements. Other measurements were briefly evaluated through interviews and available literature. In addition, the national AQ database, the expertise of local measurement networks and related publications were utilised. In total, all theseven measurement networks performing PAH and metal measurements in 2019–2020took part in the audits. Eleven stations were audited while these measurements are performed at 22 AQ stations in Finland. For the large networks, one station was chosen to represent the performance of the network. The audits included also six laboratories performing the analysis of the collected samples. The audits revealed the compliance of the measurements with the AQ Decree 113/2017, Directive 2004/107/EC and Standards of the European Committee for Standardization(CEN). In addition, general information of the measurements, instruments and quality control procedures were gained. The results of the laboratory audits were confidential,but this report includes general findings, and the measurement networks were informed on the audit results with the permission of the participating laboratories. As a conclusion, the measurementmethodsusedwere mainly reference methods. Currently, all sampling methods were reference methods; however, before 2018 three networks used other methods that may have underestimated concentrations. Regarding these measurements, it should be noted the results are notcomparable with the reference method. Laboratory methods were reference methods excluding two cases, where the first was considered an acceptable equivalent method. For the other, a change to a reference method was strongly recommended and this realized in 2020. For some new measurements, the ongoing QC procedures were not yet fully established, and advice were given. Some networks used consultant for calibration and maintenance, and thus theywere not fully aware of the QC procedures. EN Standards were mostly followed. Main concerns were related to the checks of flow and calculation of measurement uncertainty, and suggestions for improvement were given. When the measurement networks implement the recommendations given inthe audits, it can be concluded that the EN Standards are adequately followed in the networks. In the ongoing sampling, clear factors risking the trueness of the result were not found. This applies also for the laboratory analyses in 2020. One network had concentrations above the target value, and theindicative measurementsshould be updated to fixed measurements.
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Trace-metal concentrations in sediment and water and health of aquatic macroinvertebrate communities of streams near Park City, Summit County, Utah. US Geological Survey, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri014213.

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Influence of size-fractioning techniques on concentrations of selected trace metals in bottom materials from two streams in northeastern Ohio. US Geological Survey, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri864114.

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