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Journal articles on the topic 'Trace element chemistry'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Feneyrol, Julien, Gaston Giuliani, Daniel Ohnenstetter, Benjamin Rondeau, Emmanuel Fritsch, Anthony E. Fallick, Daniel Ichang'i, et al. "New typology and origin of tsavorite based on trace-element chemistry." European Journal of Mineralogy 26, no. 2 (April 11, 2014): 293–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0935-1221/2014/0026-2367.

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2

Wong, Gifford J., Robert L. Hawley, Eric R. Lutz, and Erich C. Osterberg. "Trace-element and physical response to melt percolation in Summit (Greenland) snow." Annals of Glaciology 54, no. 63 (2013): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/2013aog63a602.

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AbstractSurface melt on a glacier can perturb the glaciochemical record beyond the natural variability. While the centre of the Greenland ice sheet is usually devoid of surface melt, many high-Arctic and alpine ice cores document frequent summertime melt events. Current hypotheses interpreting melt-affected ice-core chemistry rely on preferential elution of certain major ions. However, the precise nature of chemistry alteration is unknown because it is difficult to distinguish natural variability from melt effects in a perennially melt-affected site. We use eight trace-element snow chemistry records recovered from Summit, Greenland, to study spatial variability and melt effects on insoluble trace chemistry and physical stratigraphy due to artificially introduced meltwater. Differences between non-melt and melt-affected chemistry were significantly greater than the spatial variability in chemistry represented by nearest-neighbour pairs. Melt-perturbed trace elements, particularly rare earth elements, retained their seasonal stratigraphies, suggesting that trace elements may serve as robust chemical indicators for annual layers even in melt-affected study areas. Results suggest trace-element transport via meltwater percolation will deposit eluted material down-pit in refrozen areas below the nearest-surface chemistry peak. In our experiments, snow chemistry analyses are more sensitive to melt perturbations than density changes or unprocessed near-infrared digital imagery.

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3

Caporuscio, Florie A., and Joseph R. Smyth. "Trace element crystal chemistry of mantle eclogites." Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 105, no. 5 (October 1990): 550–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00302494.

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4

Baker, A. R., W. M. Landing, E. Bucciarelli, M. Cheize, S. Fietz, C. T. Hayes, D. Kadko, et al. "Trace element and isotope deposition across the air–sea interface: progress and research needs." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374, no. 2081 (November 28, 2016): 20160190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0190.

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The importance of the atmospheric deposition of biologically essential trace elements, especially iron, is widely recognized, as are the difficulties of accurately quantifying the rates of trace element wet and dry deposition and their fractional solubility. This paper summarizes some of the recent progress in this field, particularly that driven by the GEOTRACES, and other, international research programmes. The utility and limitations of models used to estimate atmospheric deposition flux, for example, from the surface ocean distribution of tracers such as dissolved aluminium, are discussed and a relatively new technique for quantifying atmospheric deposition using the short-lived radionuclide beryllium-7 is highlighted. It is proposed that this field will advance more rapidly by using a multi-tracer approach, and that aerosol deposition models should be ground-truthed against observed aerosol concentration data. It is also important to improve our understanding of the mechanisms and rates that control the fractional solubility of these tracers. Aerosol provenance and chemistry (humidity, acidity and organic ligand characteristics) play important roles in governing tracer solubility. Many of these factors are likely to be influenced by changes in atmospheric composition in the future. Intercalibration exercises for aerosol chemistry and fractional solubility are an essential component of the GEOTRACES programme. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Biological and climatic impacts of ocean trace element chemistry’.

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5

Pavlovic, Dragana, Marija Pavlovic, Milica Markovic, Branko Karadzic, Olga Kostic, Snezana Jaric, Miroslava Mitrovic, Ivan Grzetic, and Pavle Pavlovic. "Possibilities of assessing trace metal pollution using Betula pendula Roth. leaf and bark - experience in Serbia." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 82, no. 6 (2017): 723–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc170113024p.

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In this study, both seasonal and spatial variations in trace metal uptake, as well as concentration of photosynthetic pigments in Silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) trees in five urban parks in Pancevo, Smederevo, Obrenovac and Belgrade (Serbia) affected by different anthropogenic activities were studied. The characteristics of soil were assessed in terms of texture, pH and trace element content. Concentrations of boron, strontium and zinc in both leaves and bark showed an increasing temporal trend, however, copper showed an opposite seasonal trend. A higher accumulation of trace elements was noticed in leaves compared to bark. The obtained results for photosynthetic pigments showed low sensitivity of birch to B, Cu, Sr and Zn contamination, indicating that birch tolerates pollution and climate stress by increasing the amount of pigments. Analysis of the effects on soil chemistry of trace element accumulation in plant tissues proved that soil chemistry poorly explains the variability of elements in bark (27.6 %) compared to leaves (82.99 %). Discriminant analysis showed that Belgrade and Smederevo are clearly separated from the other three sites.

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6

Lodders, Katharina, and Bruce Fegley. "Condensation Chemistry of Circumstellar Grains." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 191 (1999): 279–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900203185.

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Thermochemical equilibrium calculations are successful in predicting the mineralogy as well as the major and trace element chemistry of circumstellar grains found in meteorites. The calculations also explain observations of dust close to AGB stars (within 1–3 stellar radii). The trace element chemistry in circumstellar graphite, SiC, and other refractory carbide grains agrees with equilibrium condensation calculations for circumstellar shells of carbon stars. Observed trace element abundance patterns in N stars are complementary to those found in SiC grains indicating fractional condensation in circumstellar shells. Condensation temperatures depend upon total pressure, C/O ratio, nitrogen abundances, and overall metallicity. Therefore for condensation temperatures to be meaningful, the total pressure and elemental abundances (i.e., C/O ratio, metallicity) must be specified.

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7

Wise, M. A. "Trace element chemistry of lithium-rich micas from rare-element granitic pegmatites." Mineralogy and Petrology 55, no. 1-3 (1995): 203–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01162588.

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8

Zinkutė, Rimantė, Ričardas Taraškevičius, and Tomas Želvys. "Major elements as possible factors of trace element urban pedochemical anomalies." Open Chemistry 9, no. 2 (April 1, 2011): 337–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-011-0012-z.

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AbstractThe relationship between real total contents of the major elements Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, K, Ca, Ti, Fe and the trace elements Ag, As, B, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, V, U, Zn in topsoil from the central part of Vilnius is analysed. The amounts of most elements were determined by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence, while amounts of Ag, B, Co were measured by optical atomic emission spectrophotometry. Two factors were distinguished according to major elements: anthropogenic (A) including Ca, Mg, Fe, P, S and clayey (C) including K, Al, Ti. Boron, Mn, Cr and U are significantly correlated with members of both factors, Sb with none of them and other trace elements either with all (Cu, Zn, Pb, Se, Ba, Ni, Co) or with separate (V, Ag, Sn, Mo, As) members of the A-factor. Only B, Mn, Cr, U (partly their additive index Z1) are influenced by the C-factor, while twelve other trace elements (also their additive index Z2) are influenced by the A-factor. The additive index Z of all 17 elements is also affected by the A-factor. Four groups of sites have been distinguished according to normal or higher contents of both factors. The majority of trace element anomalies are related to the sites affected by the A-factor.

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9

Sell, Bryan Keith, and Scott Douglas Samson. "A tephrochronologic method based on apatite trace-element chemistry." Quaternary Research 76, no. 1 (July 2011): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2011.03.007.

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AbstractGeochemical correlation of ash-fall beds with conventional tephrochronologic methods is not feasible when original glass composition is altered. Thus, alternative correlation methods may be required. Initial studies of heavily altered Paleozoic tephra (K-bentonites) have suggested the potential for employing trace-element concentrations in apatite as ash-fall bed discriminators. To further test the utility of apatite trace-element tephrochronology, we analyzed apatite phenocrysts from unaltered volcanic rocks with an electron microprobe: nine samples from rocks erupted during the Quaternary and one sample from a rock erupted during the Paleogene. The resulting apatite trace-element data provide unique bed discriminators despite within-crystal variability. Each of the volcanic rocks studied possesses unique trends in Mg, Cl, Mn, Fe, Ce and Y concentrations in apatite. The results from this study establish an important tephrochronologic method that can be applied to nearly all portions of the Phanerozoic stratigraphic record and greatly assist development of an advanced timescale. In addition to establishing a fingerprint for a particular eruption, apatite chemistry provides useful information about the source magma.

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10

Davis, Catherine V., Jennifer S. Fehrenbacher, Claudia Benitez-Nelson, and Robert C. Thunell. "Trace Element Heterogeneity Across Individual Planktic Foraminifera from the Modern Cariaco Basin." Journal of Foraminiferal Research 50, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 204–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.50.2.204.

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ABSTRACT The trace element composition of planktic foraminifera shells is influenced by both environmental and biological factors (‘vital effects’). As trace elements in individual foraminifera shells are increasingly used as paleoceanographic tools, understanding how trace element ratios vary between individuals, among species, and in response to high frequency environmental variability is of critical importance. Here, we present a three-year plankton tow record (2010–2012) of individual shell trace element (Mg, Sr, Ba, and Mn) to Ca ratios in the planktic species Globigerina ruber (pink), Orbulina universa, and Globorotalia menardii collected throughout the upper 100 m of Cariaco Basin. Plankton tows were paired with in situ measurements of water column chemistry and hydrography. The Mg/Ca ratio reflects different calcification temperatures in all three species when calculated using species-specific temperature relationships from single-species averages of Mg/Ca. However, individual shell Mg/Ca often results in unrealistic temperate estimates. The Sr/Ca ratios are relatively constant among the four species. Ratios of Mn/Ca and Ba/Ca are highest in G. menardii and are not reflective of elemental concentrations in open waters. The Mn/Ca ratio is elevated in all species during upwelling conditions, and a similar trend is demonstrated in Neogloboquadrina incompta shells from the California margin collected during upwelling periods. Together this suggests that elevated shell Mn/Ca may act as a tracer for upwelling of deeper water masses. Our results emphasize the large degree of trace element variability present among and within species living within a limited depth habitat and the roles of biology, calcification environment, and physical mixing in mediating how trace element geochemistry reflects environmental variability in the surface ocean.

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11

Michalke, Bernhard. "Trace element speciation in human milk." Pure and Applied Chemistry 78, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200678010079.

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This paper summarizes speciation results in human milk samples. Information is presented about why these elements were speciated, which techniques were applied, and which speciation results were gained in human milk. We focus on a few selected elements, such as Zn, Se, I, and Mn. Each of these elements is regarded as an "essential" element and of specific importance for newborns. At the end of each element section, we attempt to extract the overall speciation information from the different literature sources. In short, for Zn it can be concluded that this element is bound predominantly to low-molecular-weight (LMW) compounds. Several papers identify the major Zn species as Zn-citrate. A few minor species are identified as well. The pattern of Se speciation seems to be dependent on the nutritional intake. Selenium speciation in milk from slightly Se-depleted regions shows Se bound in the LMW range, ligands were partly identified. In Se-rich regions, Se seems to be associated with proteins, e.g., glutathione peroxidase. The major I species in human milk is iodide, as found by several groups. Other I species, however, were seen as well. The results of Mn speciation from different groups agreed that Mn is to a considerable amount in the LMW fraction. Again, citrate seems to play an important role as ligand.

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12

Sokol, Ella, Svetlana Kokh, Victor Sharygin, Victoria Danilovsky, Yurii Seryotkin, Ruslan Liferovich, Anna Deviatiiarova, Elena Nigmatulina, and Nikolay Karmanov. "Mineralogical Diversity of Ca2SiO4-Bearing Combustion Metamorphic Rocks in the Hatrurim Basin: Implications for Storage and Partitioning of Elements in Oil Shale Clinkering." Minerals 9, no. 8 (July 30, 2019): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9080465.

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This is the first attempt to provide a general mineralogical and geochemical survey of natural Ca2SiO4-bearing combustion metamorphic (CM) rocks produced by annealing and decarbonation of bioproductive Maastrichtian oil shales in the Hatrurim Basin (Negev Desert, Israel). We present a synthesis of data collected for fifteen years on thirty nine minerals existing as fairly large grains suitable for analytical examination. The Hatrurim Ca2SiO4-bearing CM rocks, which are natural analogs of industrial cement clinker, have been studied comprehensively, with a focus on several key issues: major- and trace-element compositions of the rocks and their sedimentary precursors; mineral chemistry of rock-forming phases; accessory mineralogy; incorporation of heavy metals and other trace elements into different phases of clinker-like natural assemblages; role of trace elements in stabilization/destabilization of Ca2SiO4 polymorphic modifications; mineralogical diversity of Ca2SiO4-bearing CM rocks and trace element partitioning during high-temperature–low-pressure anhydrous sintering. The reported results have implications for mineral formation and element partitioning during high-temperature–low-pressure combustion metamorphism of trace element-loaded bituminous marine chalky sediments (“oil shales”) as well as for the joint effect of multiple elements on the properties and hydration behavior of crystalline phases in industrial cement clinkers.

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13

Vidal, J. P., G. Vidal-Valat, and K. Kurki-Suonio. "Biological trace element research." Biological Trace Element Research 102, no. 1-3 (December 2004): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12011-004-0001-6.

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14

Keeler, Gerald J., and Perry J. Samson. "Spatial representativeness of trace element ratios." Environmental Science & Technology 23, no. 11 (November 1989): 1358–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00069a005.

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15

Palke, Aaron C. "Coexisting Rubies and Blue Sapphires from Major World Deposits: A Brief Review of Their Mineralogical Properties." Minerals 10, no. 5 (May 22, 2020): 472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10050472.

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Gem corundum deposits are typically divided into blue sapphire and ruby deposits. However, this classification often overlooks the fact that the precious stones produced are the same mineral with only an overall slight difference in their trace element profiles. It can take only a couple thousand ppm chromium to create the rich, red color expected of a ruby. This contribution deals specifically with economically important gem corundum mining regions that produce both blue sapphires and rubies either in comparable quantities (Mogok, Myanmar, and the basalt-related gem fields on the border between Thailand and Cambodia at Chanthaburi, Thailand, and Pailin, Cambodia) or predominantly blue sapphires with rare rubies (secondary Montana sapphire deposits and Yogo Gulch in Montana as well as the gem fields of Sri Lanka). Comparison of the trace element profiles and inclusions in the blue sapphire/ruby assemblages in these deposits shows that there are both monogenetic and polygenetic assemblages in which the blue sapphires and rubies have the same geological origin (monogenetic) or distinct geological origins (polygenetic). In the monogenetic assemblages, the rubies and blue sapphires have essentially indistinguishable inclusions and trace element chemistry profiles (with the exception of Cr contents). On the other hand, polygenetic assemblages are composed of rubies and blue sapphires with distinct inclusions and trace element chemistry profiles. Notably, in the monogenetic assemblages, chromium seems to vary independently from other trace elements. In these assemblages, Cr can vary by nearly four orders of magnitude with essentially no consistent relationship to other trace elements. The observations described herein are an attempt to address the question of what the geochemical and geological constraints are that turn gem corundum into a spectacular ruby.

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16

Varfolomeyev, Sergey, Elena Efremenko, Irina P. Beletskaya, Ivano Bertini, G. Michael Blackburn, Alexey Bogdanov, Raimond Cunin, et al. "Postgenomic chemistry (IUPAC Technical Report)." Pure and Applied Chemistry 77, no. 9 (January 1, 2005): 1641–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200577091641.

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Numerous areas of chemistry can benefit from the ongoing genomic revolution. Here, we discuss and highlight trends in chemistry in the postgenomic era. The areas of interest include combinatorial approaches in organic chemistry; design and analysis of proteins containing unnatural amino acids; trace element-containing proteins; design and characterization of new enzyme types; applications of postgenomic chemistry in drug design; identification of lipid networks and global characterization of lipid molecular species; development of recombinant and self-proliferating polymers; and applications in food chemistry and bioanalytical chemistry based on new nanoanalytical systems and novel recognition elements.

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17

Larimer, John W., and Ermanno R. Rambaldi. "The Trace Element Chemistry of the Metal in IAB Iron Meteorites." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 44, no. 10 (October 1, 1989): 968–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1989-1009.

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Abstract Metal grains from a silicate inclusion in Landes, a group IAB iron-meteorite, were separated and analyzed via IN A A for 14 siderophile elements. The same 14 elements were determined in matrix metal from Landes, 5 other IAB meteorites and three anomalous iron meteorites. Compared to the other samples and to chondritic metal, the inclusion metal is enriched in siderophile elements. In chondritic metal, the siderophile element contents are higher when Fe0 is oxidized to FeO. Silicates in IAB inclusions contain little FeO, yet the metal is as rich in siderophile elements as the most oxidized chondrites.Evidently the IAB body contained its full cosmic complement of S resulting in an FeS content ~5 x that of ordinary chondrites. This explains the composition of the metal since sulfurization, like oxidation, reduces the available Fe0. IAB meteorites contain their full cosmic complement of other moderately volatile elements, which implies an equally high S content. A high S content significantly affects the melting and freezing of FeNi-metal. About 85% of the metal melts at the Fe-FeS eutectic (~960 °C), and all of the metal is molten at ~1050°C. During cooling, ~85% of the metal crystallizes with a Ni content of 6±1% between 1050°c and 960°C. Besides a small depletion in elements with low melting points or chalcophile tendencies this metal is little fractionated. Bellow 960 °C, the Ni content of the metal increases until the melt is exhausted. This Ni-rich metal also becomes progressively depleted in refractory elements and enriched in volatile elements. The crystallization process thus yields products that mimic the abundance and composition of group IAB meteorites.

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18

Wenlock, R. W. "Trace element requirements and DRVs." Food Chemistry 43, no. 3 (January 1992): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-8146(92)90178-5.

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19

Shin, Woo-Jin, Jong-Sik Ryu, Hyung Seon Shin, Youn-Young Jung, Kyung-Seok Ko, and Kwang-Sik Lee. "Major and Trace Element Geochemistry of Korean Bottled Waters." Water 12, no. 9 (September 16, 2020): 2585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12092585.

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The Korean bottled water market has continuously expanded during the last 25 years. However, in-depth studies of its geochemistry have not been conducted. Four types of bottled water manufactured in South Korea (i.e., natural mineral water, NMW; functional water, FW; carbonated water, CW; and desalinated seawater, DSW) were investigated to classify the water type, verify the accuracy of the ion contents detailed on the bottle labels, and decipher the origin of the water sources using major and trace elements and their isotopes. The waters was classified into three types: Ca-HCO3, Ca(Mg)-Cl, and Na-HCO3. NMW and FW are mainly of the Ca-HCO3 type. Our findings indicate that Korean bottled water chemistry is associated with lithological features and manufacturing processes; NMW is closely related to lithology while FW and DSW are strongly affected by manufacturing processes. Unlike major ions, trace elements cannot be used to decipher Korean bottled water chemistry because they show little apparent relationship with lithology. Regardless of the water chemistry, typical isotopic signals corresponding to intrinsic water were observed in all of the samples, indicating that groundwater and seawater were the sources of Korean bottled water.

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20

Berg, Torsten. "2nd IUPAC Symposium on Trace Elements in Food: An introduction." Pure and Applied Chemistry 78, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200678010065.

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The 2nd IUPAC Symposium on Trace Elements in Food (TEF-2) presented contributions within a wide range of issues, from trace element bioavailability, toxicological and nutritional aspects of trace elements, to trace elements in fortified foods and in food supplements, discussed from both a speciation and a legislation point of view.

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21

Giauque, Robert D., Joseph M. Jaklevic, and Albert C. Thompson. "Trace element determination using synchrotron radiation." Analytical Chemistry 58, no. 4 (April 1986): 940–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00295a060.

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22

Scherer, Volker, and Dieter Hirschfeld. "Multi-element trace analysis of tungsten." Mikrochimica Acta 91, no. 1-6 (January 1987): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01199501.

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23

Boyer, Kenneth W., William Horwitz, and Richard Albert. "Interlaboratory Variability in Trace Element Analysis." Analytical Chemistry 57, no. 2 (February 1985): 454–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac50001a031.

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24

Townshend, Alan. "Trace Element Analysis in Biological Specimens." Analytica Chimica Acta 296, no. 2 (October 1994): 219–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-2670(94)80267-x.

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25

Glennon, JeremyD. "Modern Methods for Trace Element Determination." Analytica Chimica Acta 294, no. 3 (August 1994): 337–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-2670(94)80319-6.

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26

Fowler, G. W., C. K. Shearer, J. J. Papike, and G. D. Layne. "Diogenites as asteroidal cumulates: insights from orthopyroxene trace element chemistry." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 59, no. 14 (July 1995): 3071–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(95)00196-4.

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27

Konhauser, K. O., M. A. Powell, W. S. Fyfe, F. J. Longstaffe, and S. Tripathy. "Trace element chemistry of major rivers in Orissa State, India." Environmental Geology 29, no. 1-2 (January 30, 1997): 132–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002540050111.

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28

Farnham, I. M., K. H. Johannesson, A. K. Singh, V. F. Hodge, and K. J. Stetzenbach. "Factor analytical approaches for evaluating groundwater trace element chemistry data." Analytica Chimica Acta 490, no. 1-2 (August 2003): 123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(03)00350-7.

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29

Alsamadany, Hameed, Hassan S. Al-Zahrani, El-Metwally M. Selim, and Mohsen M. El-Sherbiny. "Spatial distribution and potential ecological risk assessment of some trace elements in sediments and grey mangrove (Avicennia marina) along the Arabian Gulf coast, Saudi Arabia." Open Chemistry 18, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 77–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2020-0010.

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AbstractTo assess trace element concentrations (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Cd and Ni) in the mangrove swamps along the Saudi coast of the Arabian Gulf, thirteen samples of surface sediment and leaves of grey mangrove, Avicennia marina were collected and analyzed. The detected trace element contents (μg g-1) in surface sediments were in the following descending order according to their mean values; Cr (49.18) > Zn (48.48) > Cu (43.06) > Pb (26.61) > Ni (22.88) > Cd (3.21). The results showed that the average concentrations of Cd and Pb exceeded their world average concentration of shale. The geo-accumulation, potential ecological risk and toxicity response indices demonstrated that trace elements have posed a considerable ecological risk, especially Cd. The inter-relationships between physico-chemical characters and trace elements suggests that grained particles of mud represent a noteworthy character in the distribution of trace elements compared to organic materials. Moreover, the results revealed that Zn was clearly bioaccumulated in leaf tissues A. marina. Dredging, landfilling, sewage effluents and oil pollution can be the paramount sources of pollution in the area under investigation.

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Wehrle, Elliot A., Andrew M. McDonald, and Douglas K. Tinkham. "Mineral chemistry of gahnite from the Lalor metamorphosed VHMS deposit, Snow Lake, Manitoba." Canadian Mineralogist 58, no. 4 (July 1, 2020): 511–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3749/canmin.1900036.

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ABSTRACT Gahnite (ZnAl2O4) is a common accessory mineral at the Lalor auriferous Zn-Cu metamorphosed VHMS deposit (Snow Lake, Manitoba). To evaluate factors influencing its crystal chemistry, gahnite representing a range of textures, host mineral assemblages, and whole-rock compositions were analyzed for major, minor, and trace elements. The analyzed grains span the range of Ghn63-75Her15-22Spl10-18 and are un-zoned with respect to Zn, Fe, and Mg. A moderate positive correlation exists between Mg in gahnite and whole-rock MgO (R2 = 0.66). The minor- and trace-element chemistry of the Lalor gahnite is dominated by Mn (400–2600 ppm), Si (<25–250 ppm), and V (<25–2300 ppm). Based on the limited variability in gahnite major-element composition, as well as similar partitioning coefficients of Zn and Fe between sphalerite-gahnite pairs (indicating comparable metamorphic conditions of crystallization for the analyzed gahnite), metamorphic grade is interpreted to have had the strongest influence on gahnite major-element chemistry. Most sphalerite occurs with pyrite and pyrrhotite, an assemblage that would have buffered fS2 and fixed the Zn:Fe ratio in sphalerite, which also could have contributed to the narrow compositional range observed in gahnite. Magnesium was not an essential component of the sphalerite-consuming, gahnite-producing reactions, so its concentration in gahnite was more readily affected by whole-rock Mg. A small proportion of gahnite grains may have formed from the destabilization of silicates (staurolite and biotite), rather than sphalerite. These possible gahnite-forming reactions (sphalerite- versus biotite- or staurolite-consuming) appear to have had the strongest control on gahnite minor- and trace-element chemistry, as gahnite formed from sphalerite desulfidation reactions shows a range in Mn (450–2600 ppm) and restricted V/Mn values (<0.5), while gahnite interpreted to have formed from the dehydration of biotite and staurolite shows restricted Mn (<430 ppm) and a range of V/Mn values (0.75–5.5). Further work is recommended to investigate the possibility of using gahnite trace-element signatures (such as with Mn and V) to discriminate between gahnite that crystallized in sphalerite-rich and sphalerite-barren environments, as this concept has potential for application to exploration using detrital gahnite.

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Grochowski, Cezary, Magdalena Szukała, Jakub Litak, Agnieszka Budny, Jędrzej Proch, Dariusz Majerek, Eliza Blicharska, and Przemysław Niedzielski. "Correlations Between Trace Elements in Selected Locations of the Human Brain in Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder." Molecules 25, no. 2 (January 15, 2020): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25020359.

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Trace element distribution varies in different locations of the human brain. Several elements were found to cause various negative effects, such as neurodegeneration. In this paper, we analyzed the interactions between seven trace elements: zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), manganese (Mg), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr) and cobalt (Co) in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and individuals without (control group). Brain tissue samples from 31 individuals with AUD and 31 control subjects were harvested. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry was used for trace element determination. In the control group, there were several positive correlations between Cr, Cu, Fe and Mn. In the AUD group, positive correlations between Co and Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn were found. The majority of correlations between Zn and other elements are positive. In the studied group, Mn had strong positive correlations with Co, Cr, Cu and Fe. The strongest positive correlation found between average element concentration was between Cu and Cr. The knowledge of kinetics and metabolism of trace elements as well as the impact of alcohol on these processes is essential for understanding the pathological processes and functioning of human brain tissue.

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Kempe, U., and J. Götze. "Cathodoluminescence (CL) behaviour and crystal chemistry of apatite from rare-metal deposits." Mineralogical Magazine 66, no. 1 (February 2002): 151–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/0026461026610019.

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AbstractApatite samples from rare-metal mineralization were investigated by a combination of cathodoluminescence (CL) microscopy and spectroscopy, microchemical analysis and trace element analysis. Internal structures revealed by CL can be related to variations in the crystal chemistry and may sometimes reflect changes in the composition of the mineralizing fluids.Apatite from mineralization related to alkaline rocks and carbonatites (Type 1) typically exhibits relatively homogeneous blue and lilac/violet CL colours due to activation by trace quantities of rare earth element ions (Ce3+, Eu2+, Sm3+, Dy3+ and Nd3+). These results correlate with determined trace element abundances, which show strong light rare earth element (LREE) enrichment for this type of apatite. However, a simple quantitative correlation between emission intensities of REE3+/2+ and analysed element concentrations was not found.Apatite from P-rich altered granites, greisens, pegmatites and veins from Sn-W deposits (Type 2) shows strong Mn2+-activated yellow-greenish CL, partially with distinct oscillatory zoning. Variations in the intensity of the Mn2+-activated CL emission can be related either to varying Mn/Fe ratios (quenching of Mn activated CL by Fe) or to self-quenching effects in zones with high Mn contents (>2.0 wt.%). The REE distribution patterns of apatite reflect the specific geological position of each sample and may serve as a “tracer” for the REE behaviour within the ore system. Although the REE contents are sometimes as high as several hundred parts per million, the spectral CL measurements do not exhibit typical REE emission lines because of dominance of the Mn emission. In these samples, REE-activated luminescence is only detectable by time-resolved laser-induced luminescence spectroscopy.Both types of apatite (Type 1 in the core and Type 2 in the rim) were found in single crystals from the Be deposit Ermakovka (Transbaikalia). This finding proves the existence of two stages of mineralization within this deposit.

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Jickells, T. D., A. R. Baker, and R. Chance. "Atmospheric transport of trace elements and nutrients to the oceans." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374, no. 2081 (November 28, 2016): 20150286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0286.

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This paper reviews atmospheric inputs of trace elements and nutrients to the oceans in the context of the GEOTRACES programme and provides new data from two Atlantic GEOTRACES cruises. We consider the deposition of nitrogen to the oceans, which is now dominated by anthropogenic emissions, the deposition of mineral dust and related trace elements, and the deposition of other trace elements which have a mixture of anthropogenic and dust sources. We then consider the solubility (as a surrogate for bioavailability) of the various elements. We consider briefly the sources, atmospheric transport and transformations of these elements and how this results in strong spatial deposition gradients. Solubility of the trace elements also varies systematically between elements, reflecting their sources and cycling, and for some trace elements there are also systematic gradients in solubility related to dust loading. Together, these effects create strong spatial gradients in the inputs of bioavailable trace elements to the oceans, and we are only just beginning to understand how these affect ocean biogeochemistry. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Biological and climatic impacts of ocean trace element chemistry’.

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Folin, Marcella, Eva Contiero, and Giorgina Maria Vaselli. "Trace element determination in humans." Biological Trace Element Research 31, no. 2 (November 1991): 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02990423.

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Freeland-Graves, Jeanne H., Namrata Sanjeevi, and Jane J. Lee. "Global perspectives on trace element requirements." Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology 31 (July 2015): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.04.006.

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Ermidou-Pollet, S., M. Szilágyi, and S. Pollet. "Problems associated with the determination of trace element status and trace element requirements a mini-review." Trace Elements and Electrolytes 22, no. 04 (April 1, 2005): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5414/tep22105.

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Ye, Ruihua, Jiaqiang Huang, Zixu Wang, Yaoxing Chen, and Yulan Dong. "Trace Element Selenium Effectively Alleviates Intestinal Diseases." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 21 (October 28, 2021): 11708. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111708.

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Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element in the body. It is mainly used in the body in the form of selenoproteins and has a variety of biological functions. Intestinal diseases caused by chronic inflammation are among the most important threats to human health, and there is no complete cure at present. Due to its excellent antioxidant function, Se has been proven to be effective in alleviating intestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Therefore, this paper introduces the role of Se and selenoproteins in the intestinal tract and the mechanism of their involvement in the mediation of intestinal diseases. In addition, it introduces the advantages and disadvantages of nano-Se as a new Se preparation and traditional Se supplement in the prevention and treatment of intestinal diseases, so as to provide a reference for the further exploration of the interaction between selenium and intestinal health.

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Baj, Jacek, Alicja Forma, Elżbieta Sitarz, Kaja Karakuła, Wojciech Flieger, Monika Sitarz, Cezary Grochowski, Ryszard Maciejewski, and Hanna Karakula-Juchnowicz. "Beyond the Mind—Serum Trace Element Levels in Schizophrenic Patients: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 24 (December 15, 2020): 9566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21249566.

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The alterations in serum trace element levels are common phenomena observed in patients with different psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, or major depressive disorder. The fluctuations in the trace element concentrations might act as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of many psychiatric and neurological disorders. This paper aimed to assess the alterations in serum trace element concentrations in patients with a diagnosed schizophrenia. The authors made a systematic review, extracting papers from the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Among 5009 articles identified through database searching, 59 of them were assessed for eligibility. Ultimately, 33 articles were included in the qualitative synthesis. This review includes the analysis of serum levels of the following trace elements: iron, nickel, molybdenum, phosphorus, lead, chromium, antimony, uranium, magnesium, aluminum, zinc, copper, selenium, calcium, and manganese. Currently, there is no consistency regarding serum trace element levels in schizophrenic patients. Thus, it cannot be considered as a reliable prognostic or diagnostic marker of schizophrenia. However, it can be assumed that altered concentrations of those elements are crucial regarding the onset and exaggeration of either psychotic or negative symptoms or cognitive dysfunctions.

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Novozamsky, Ivo, Hans J. van der Lee, and Victor J. G. Houba. "Sample digestion procedures for trace element determination." Microchimica Acta 119, no. 3-4 (September 1995): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01243997.

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Wijesekara, Hasintha, Nanthi S. Bolan, Lauren Bradney, Nadeeka Obadamudalige, Balaji Seshadri, Anitha Kunhikrishnan, Rajarathnam Dharmarajan, et al. "Trace element dynamics of biosolids-derived microbeads." Chemosphere 199 (May 2018): 331–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.166.

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Howard, AlanG. "Trace element analysis in biological specimens." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 379, no. 1-2 (December 1994): 550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0728(94)87189-2.

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Cubadda, Francesco. "Preface." Pure and Applied Chemistry 82, no. 2 (January 1, 2010): iv. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac20108202iv.

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Diet is the main source of trace elements, and exposure to dietary trace elements has a direct impact on the health of hundreds of millions worldwide. Insufficient intake of essential trace elements is a global issue. Deficiencies of iron, zinc, iodine, and selenium result in millions of people being affected by various diseases, with very serious consequences in those countries where malnutrition is widespread. On the other hand, the impact of toxic element species such as inorganic arsenic and methylmercury on entire populations has come to the fore again as a priority for both the scientific community and health authorities. The presence of trace elements in feeds, either as contaminants or as nutritional or zootechnical additives, and their transfer across the food chain to humans also raises questions within the scientific community and regulators.Different facets of trace elements, from essentiality to toxicity, were addressed throughout the 3rd International IUPAC Symposium on Trace Elements in Food (TEF-3). The meeting was organized by the Istituto Superiore di Sanità and held on 1-3 April 2009 in Rome, Italy. The objective was to gather experts with different backgrounds to discuss all aspects of trace elements in food in relation to human health, with special emphasis on biological effects of elements. The main topics included essentiality, toxicity, bioaccessibility, bioavailability, speciation, sources and transfer in the food chain, effects of processing, food and feed fortification, supplementation, international legislation and standards, analytical developments, analytical quality assurance and reference materials. In accordance with practice in previous events of this series (Warsaw, 2000, and Brussels, 2004), TEF-3 provided a forum for the exchange of new ideas and experiences in trace element research, and a basis for influencing policy, advisory practice, and risk-management tools to protect public health.Over 200 participants, representing some 40 countries, joined the event. In addition to the 15 invited lectures, delegates from Europe, Asia, Africa, North and South America enriched this edition with 20 oral and about 130 poster contributions. TEF-3 actually resulted in a lively interdisciplinary symposium on current and emerging research and development efforts.Special emphasis was placed on the following topics:- analytical techniques for element speciation studies in food and food supplements- reliability and quality control of analytical data on trace elements in foodstuffs- detection, characterization, and potential health risks of inorganic nanoparticles- arsenic speciation and toxicology- gender differences in susceptibility to toxic trace elements in food- exposure assessment of toxic element species- assessment of risks and benefits of the organic forms of trace elements as feed additives- metabolism of metal(loid)s by intestinal microorganisms- absorption and metabolism of iron, zinc, and other essential elements- use of stable isotopes to study trace mineral metabolism- selenium and iodine speciation and biological effectsAdvancements in the above-mentioned areas were discussed, and special attention was paid to the means in order to prevent adverse health effects on those individuals and populations most vulnerable to trace-element inadequacies, excesses, or imbalances.The following collection of papers based upon authoritative lectures presented at TEF-3 addresses many of the topics discussed during the symposium. Overall, it provides an excellent overview of the state of the art in the area of trace elements in food and sheds light on future challenges and subjects of research.Francesco CubaddaConference Chair

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Florence, T. Mark. "Trace element speciation by anodic stripping voltammetry." Analyst 117, no. 3 (1992): 551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/an9921700551.

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Negi, Jagmohan Singh. "Evaluation of trace element contents inSwertia paniculataWall." Natural Product Research 26, no. 1 (January 2012): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2010.535167.

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Andronikov, Alexandre V., Irina E. Andronikova, and Ondrej Pour. "Major and Trace-Element Chemistry of Cr-Spinel in Upper Mantle Xenoliths from East Antarctica." Minerals 12, no. 6 (June 4, 2022): 720. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12060720.

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Cr-spinels in the upper mantle peridotite xenoliths from two Late Mesozoic intrusions of alkaline-ultramafic rocks in Jetty Peninsula (East Antarctica) were studied in situ for their major and trace-element compositions by SEM and LA-ICP-MS. The upper mantle xenoliths were collected from the magmatic bodies “sampled” from different upper mantle domains. One domain was represented by mostly lherzolites (Cpx-poor Spl, Cpx-rich Spl and Spl-Grt) and another one by Spl harzburgites and dunites. Spinels occur as grains of different shapes, sizes and origins. Three main textural types of spinel were identified: primary spinel represented by clean homogeneous grains, a rim of recrystallization/resorption surrounding primary spinel grains and irregular interstitial resorbed grains. Primary spinels are characterized by the concentrations of Al2O3 21–51 wt%, MgO 15–20 wt%, FeO 10–24 wt% and Cr2O3 14–37 wt% with the Cr# of 0.16–0.54. Most trace elements are present in spinels in very low amounts. Only Ti, V, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn and Ga display concentrations in the range of tens to hundreds (up to thousands) ppm. Concentrations of other trace elements vary from below the detection limit to <10 ppm. Spinel major oxide and trace element features allowed the suggestion that the studied upper mantle peridotites represent both simple melt residues and residues strongly influenced by the MORB-like and the SSZ-related melts. The MORB-like melts may be related to the beginning of the Lambert–Amery rift system development, whereas SSZ-like melts could be related to reactivation of SSZ material buried during much earlier amalgamation of East Antarctica.

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Chi, Chang Feng, Jian She Zhang, Chang Wen Wu, Mei Ying Xu, and Bin Wang. "Trace Elements Compositions and Fatty Acid Profiles of Mussel." Advanced Materials Research 554-556 (July 2012): 1064–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.554-556.1064.

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The trace element content and fatty acid composition of mussel were analyzed in the study. Mussel was rich in Fe, Mg, Se and Zn, with the contents of 221.44 ±1.64, 26.22±0.90, 24.21±0.27 and 4.27±0.04 mg/100g, which were the essential elements in human body. Saturated fatty acids were found at an average level of 64.30 % and unsaturated fatty acids were found at an average level of 35.70 %, and the content of n-3 PUFA + n-6 PUFA was 17.46 %. The highest content of saturated fatty acids in mussel was C22:6(n-3) (D HA), which accounted for 7.30 %. Therefore, the data on trace element and fatty acid composition of this study will form the basis for further research in this field of mussel chemistry for the benefits of human beings.

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Herbel, Mitchell J., Randy A. Dahlgren, Kenneth K. Tanji, and Suduan Gao. "Acidification Effects on Trace Element Chemistry in Agricultural Evaporation Pond Sediments." Journal of Environmental Quality 26, no. 3 (May 1997): 815–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq1997.00472425002600030032x.

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Bickford, Nate, Brad Hamilton, and Robyn Hannigan. "Trace-element chemistry of fish tissues: Uptake routes in genus Moxostoma." Environmental Geosciences 11, no. 2 (June 2004): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/eg.10010303019.

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Schulze, G., and R. Martens-Menzel. "Trace element analysis of high-purity copper." Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry 346, no. 6-9 (1993): 663–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00321267.

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Kiriliuc, Vladimir. "Environmental Regulation of Trace Elements in Soils of Moldova." Chemistry Journal of Moldova 7, no. 1 (June 2012): 95–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.19261/cjm.2012.07(1).15.

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The scale of environmental regulation (content and pollution levels) of trace element in soils of Moldova was proposed. Contamination levels are justified, depending on the adverse effects that have trace elements in soils, plants, groundwater and more - per person. Proposed scale has 6 content and 4 pollution levels. Together with equalized MPC may help to consider a number of deficiencies that are available in this area and improve the practical application of the assessment of soil contamination. Scale Indicators are flexible values, taking the large variability content of trace elements.

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