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Journal articles on the topic 'Toxicity testing'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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1

Coker, Samuel T. "Multispecies Toxicity Testing." International Journal of Crude Drug Research 25, no. 3 (January 1987): 188–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13880208709060927.

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2

Matsumoto, Kiyoshi, and Masuo Tobe. "General toxicity testing." Japan journal of water pollution research 12, no. 10 (1989): 608–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2965/jswe1978.12.608.

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3

Matthiessen, Peter. "Multispecies toxicity testing." Marine Pollution Bulletin 17, no. 7 (July 1986): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-326x(86)90222-5.

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4

Hulla, Janis E., and A. Wallace Hayes. "Disrupt toxicity testing." Toxicology Research and Application 1 (January 1, 2017): 239784731772357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2397847317723571.

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Dimensions of time that are relevant to molecular mechanisms are not incorporated into conventional toxicity testing methodologies. Historically, this was due to technological limitations. These limitations no longer exist. Application of real-time imaging and chemical sensor technologies presents an opportunity to overcome the challenges that have stalled essential transformation of toxicity testing methodology.
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5

Netter, K. J. "Testing for toxicity." Toxicology 34, no. 4 (March 1985): 356–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-483x(85)90150-7.

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6

Meier, J. "Multispecies toxicity testing." Toxicon 28, no. 6 (January 1990): 746. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0041-0101(90)90278-f.

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7

Hodson, Peter V. "Multispecies toxicity testing." Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 27, no. 2 (February 1987): 246–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-3575(87)90052-6.

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8

Eskov, A., R. Kaumov, and A. Sokolov. "Quick cellular toxicity testing." Toxicology Letters 196 (July 2010): S132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.03.460.

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9

ARNAUD, CELIA HENRY. "TOXICITY TESTING WITHOUT ANIMALS." Chemical & Engineering News 85, no. 32 (August 6, 2007): 34–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v085n032.p034.

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10

Fischer, Ida, Catherine Milton, and Heather Wallace. "Toxicity testing is evolving!" Toxicology Research 9, no. 2 (April 2020): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxres/tfaa011.

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Abstract The efficient management of the continuously increasing number of chemical substances used in today’s society is assuming greater importance than ever before. Toxicity testing plays a key role in the regulatory decisions of agencies and governments that aim to protect the public and the environment from the potentially harmful or adverse effects of these multitudinous chemicals. Therefore, there is a critical need for reliable toxicity-testing methods to identify, assess and interpret the hazardous properties of any substance. Traditionally, toxicity-testing approaches have been based on studies in experimental animals. However, in the last 20 years, there has been increasing concern regarding the sustainability of these methodologies. This has created a real need for the development of new approach methodologies (NAMs) that satisfy the regulatory requirements and are acceptable and affordable to society. Numerous initiatives have been launched worldwide in attempts to address this critical need. However, although the science to support this is now available, the legislation and the pace of NAMs acceptance is lagging behind. This review will consider some of the various initiatives in Europe to identify NAMs to replace or refine the current toxicity-testing methods for pharmaceuticals. This paper also presents a novel systematic approach to support the desired toxicity-testing methodologies that the 21st century deserves.
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11

Descotes, Jacques. "Autoimmunity and toxicity testing." Toxicology Letters 112-113 (March 2000): 461–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4274(99)00234-9.

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12

Tinkler, Jeremy, and Sandra C. Costigan. "Toxicity testing and regulations." Toxicology 240, no. 3 (November 2007): 135–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2007.06.015.

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13

Saghir, Shakil Ahmed. "Rethinking guideline toxicity testing." Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 72, no. 2 (July 2015): 423–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.05.009.

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14

Mothes-Wagner, Ursula, Harald K. Reitze, and Karl-August Seitz. "Terrestrial multispecies toxicity testing." Chemosphere 24, no. 11 (June 1992): 1653–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(92)90408-j.

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15

Šestinová, Oľga, Lenka Findoráková, and Jozef Hančuľák. "Toxicity Testing of Sediments." Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica 11, no. 2 (December 1, 2012): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10296-012-0012-1.

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Abstract This study presents the results of the testing toxicity of the contaminated sediments from the water reservoir of Ružín No.I deposit (Slovak Republic) by using Phytotoxkit tests (MicroBioTests Inc., Belgium). The Phytotoxkit system is a screening tool used for a variety of toxicity testing applications. The advantages of this toxicity bioassay are its speed, relative simplicity and low cost compared to chemical analysis and many other biotests. Evaluation of sediments phytotoxicity was based on the testing of seed germination and the assesment of the root growth decrease of the plant Sinapis alba which allows to complete the assays after only 3 days of incubacion. Chemical analysis of the sediment samples involved determination of heavy metal (Cu, Zn, Ni, As, Sb and Hg) concentration. No potential phytotoxic effect of heavy metals in contaminated sediments was observed in the majority of tested seeds of Sinapis alba.
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16

Joselow, Morris M. "Systematic Toxicity Testing of Drugs." International Journal of the Addictions 20, no. 4 (January 1985): 535–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10826088509044933.

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17

Heida, Henk, and Ron van der Oost. "Sediment pore water toxicity testing." Water Science and Technology 34, no. 7-8 (October 1, 1996): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0608.

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The toxicity of the pore water from the sediments of nine fresh water systems in and around Amsterdam City was studied with the aid of four acute toxicity tests. Based on preliminary chemical analysis, the sediments of three of the tested systems had to be considered strongly contaminated, according to the quality standards derived from the Dutch Law on Soil Pollution Control. In addition, the acute toxicity of groundwater from a heavily contaminated industrial building site was also examined. The following toxicity tests were used. 1. Microtox bioluminescence assay, or Microtox test. This test is based on the inhibition of bioluminescence of Photobacterium phosphoreum; 2. Rotoxkit F, based on the LC50 of Brachionus calyciflorus; 3. Thamnotoxkit F, based on the LC50 of Thamnocephalus plaxyurus; 4. Toxichromotest, based on the inhibition of β-galactosidase formation in Escherichia coli. The objective of the study was to test the feasibility of the toxicity tests as a tool for the risk evaluation of contaminated sites, both in water and on land. The results indicated that the sediments of three of the eight sites studied could be classified as toxic and one site even as very toxic. The outcome of the toxicity testing confirmed the results of the chemical analysis for only one site. It appeared that the Microtox and the Thamnotoxkit F tests were the most sensitive acute toxicity tests. It could be concluded that the resolution of the toxicity tests scrutinized was insufficient to reliably discriminate the environmental quality of the sediments at the locations studied. The bioassays, however, are useful in determining remediation priorities of contaminated sites.
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18

Krewski, Daniel, Margit Westphal, Mustafa Al-Zoughool, Maxine C. Croteau, and Melvin E. Andersen. "New Directions in Toxicity Testing." Annual Review of Public Health 32, no. 1 (April 21, 2011): 161–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031210-101153.

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19

TALJA, M., L. C. ANDERSSON, M. RUUTU, and O. ALFTHAN. "Toxicity Testing of Urinary Catheters." British Journal of Urology 57, no. 5 (October 1985): 579–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410x.1985.tb05870.x.

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20

Manuppello, Joseph R., Pelisa Charles-Horvath, and Jessica Sandler. "Avoiding Dermal Systemic Toxicity Testing." Applied In Vitro Toxicology 1, no. 3 (September 2015): 173–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/aivt.2015.0004.

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21

Balls, Michael. "9. The Toxicity Testing Problem." Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 42, no. 1 (March 2014): P13—P14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119291404200117.

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22

HENNEY, JANE E. "Toxicity Testing: The FDA Perspective." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 919, no. 1 (January 25, 2006): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06869.x.

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23

Abbott, Alison. "Toxicity testing gets a makeover." Nature 461, no. 7261 (September 2009): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/461158a.

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24

Doe, J. E. "Toxicity Testing—an Industry Viewpoint." Journal of Fire Sciences 3, no. 1 (January 1985): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073490418500300101.

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25

Marron, Karen. "Toxicity testing: the next generation." Lab Animal 37, no. 4 (April 2008): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/laban0408-144b.

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26

McBride, Mary T. "Future platforms for toxicity testing." International Journal of Risk Assessment and Management 20, no. 1/2/3 (2017): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijram.2017.082556.

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27

Kacew, Sam. "Confounding factors in toxicity testing." Toxicology 160, no. 1-3 (March 2001): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0300-483x(00)00440-6.

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28

Verdier, F. "Reproductive toxicity testing of vaccines." Toxicology 185, no. 3 (April 1, 2003): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0300-483x(02)00611-x.

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29

Verdier, F. "Autoantibodies in conventional toxicity testing." Toxicology 119, no. 1 (April 11, 1997): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0300-483x(96)03596-2.

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30

Stewart, J. D., and H. M. Bolt. "Stem cells in toxicity testing." Archives of Toxicology 85, no. 2 (January 21, 2011): 77–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00204-011-0650-0.

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31

DeSesso, John M. "Future of developmental toxicity testing." Current Opinion in Toxicology 3 (April 2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cotox.2017.04.001.

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32

Plant, C. G., R. S. Tobias, R. M. Browne, T. Sorahan, and J. W. Rippin. "Toxicity testing of inlay cements." Clinical Materials 1, no. 4 (January 1986): 291–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0267-6605(86)80020-8.

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33

Huggett, A. C., B. Schilter, M. Roberfroid, E. Antignac, and J. H. Koeman. "Comparative methods of toxicity testing." Food and Chemical Toxicology 34, no. 2 (February 1996): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-6915(95)00098-4.

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34

Cato, Allen E., Charles G. Lineberry, and A. W. Macklin. "Concerning Toxicity Testing of Atracurium." Anesthesiology 62, no. 1 (January 1, 1985): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-198501000-00025.

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35

Andersen, Melvin E., Mustafa Al-Zoughool, Maxine Croteau, Margit Westphal, and Daniel Krewski. "The Future of Toxicity Testing." Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B 13, no. 2-4 (June 17, 2010): 163–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10937404.2010.483933.

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36

Dewhurst, R. E., A. Callaghan, R. Connon, M. Crane, J. D. Mather, and R. Wood. "TOXICITY TESTING OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY." Water and Environment Journal 19, no. 1 (March 2005): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2005.tb00544.x.

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37

Bozeman, John, Ben Koopman, and Gabriel Bitton. "Toxicity testing using immobilized algae." Aquatic Toxicology 14, no. 4 (May 1989): 345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-445x(89)90032-5.

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38

Brändli, André W. "Chemical Screening and Toxicity Testing." Cold Spring Harbor Protocols 2023, no. 4 (September 30, 2022): pdb.top098251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/pdb.top098251.

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The chemical space is vast, encompassing potentially billions of natural and synthetic molecules, which are for the most part uncharted with regard to their pharmaceutical, therapeutic, or toxicological potential. Determining the biological efficacy or harm of these chemicals presents both an enormous opportunity and a challenge to society. Chemical screening is the first step in development of novel therapeutical agents. The process typically involves searching chemical libraries for small organic molecules that have biological activities that might be useful in addressing pathological conditions for which there are unmet medical needs. Toxicology, in contrast, investigates effects of chemicals that are harmful to human or animal health or the environment in general.Xenopusis an exceptionally effective animal model system for assaying both potential therapeutic and toxicological effects. Here I introduce protocols that detail howXenopusextracts, embryos, and tadpoles can be used in chemical screening and toxicity testing.
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39

Kanno, Jun. "Clinical Pathology Testing Regulatory Concerns." Toxicologic Pathology 20, no. 3-2 (May 1992): 534–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192623392020003215.

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In toxicity testing, each animal may have to be viewed as a surrogate for millions of people and should be examined as thoroughly as a human patient. However, there are many differences between human diagnosis and animal toxicity testing. Human diagnosis is primarily based on anamnesis, symptoms, and utilization of a huge database of diseases. However, in animal toxicity testing, clinical and anatomical pathology data are usually a primary source of toxicity information, even though the positive endpoints are generally not known in advance and the number of positive toxicity endpoints may be numerous. This situation will generate at least 2 practical problems in clinical pathology testing: (1) how to preselect test items without precise knowledge of toxicity endpoints and (2) how to handle multiple data sets for toxicity detection. The latter includes issues of inflation of the overall false-positive rate and multicomparison problems. A "disease" called "significantosis" and a concept of integrated interpretation of multiple biologically related items to avoid false-positive judgments and unnecessary censoring of meaningful outlier data are briefly discussed. In general, toxicity tests are quite exploratory and the endpoints are unknown and multiple, so the procedures for data interpretation should be determined on a case-by-case basis. Construction of toxicity entity-oriented databases may be a requirement for further refinement of toxicity study interpretation.
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40

Lamb, J. C. "Reproductive Toxicity Testing: Evaluating and Developing New Testing Systems." Journal of the American College of Toxicology 4, no. 2 (March 1985): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10915818509014511.

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Reproductive toxicity testing systems are used by national and international regulatory agencies. Protocols have not been standardized between agencies or even within certain agencies. Although there have been efforts at standardization, a certain amount of the differences between testing protocols is a reflection of the needs of the particular agency. New developments in in vitro techniques might lead to new test systems, but reproductive function is dependent upon the interaction of various cells and organs that cannot presently be copied in the test tube; this makes whole-animal testing systems a necessity. The present whole-animal models used by the Food and Drug Administration include the 3 segment reproduction studies used for testing drug safety and the multigeneration studies used for food additives. The Environmental Protection Agency has adopted 2 similar versions of a 2-generation study for the Office of Pesticide Programs and the Office of Toxic Substances. The National Toxicology Program, although not a regulatory agency, has taken a prominent role in reproductive toxicity testing, test system development, and test system evaluation. A new testing system, Fertility Assessment by Continuous Breeding (FACB), is currently being studied as a cost-effective and reliable alternative test system. The FACB protocol houses male and female mice as breeding pairs and removes offspring as soon as they are born during the first 14 weeks to allow continuous mating. Each breeding pair normally has up to 5 litters, and the last litter is saved to evaluate the second generation. The efficiency, reliability, and expense of the protocol are being compared to the existing testing systems.
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41

&NA;. "Herbal products recommended for toxicity testing." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 763 (August 1999): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-199907630-00002.

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42

&NA;. "Herbal products recommended for toxicity testing." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 1199 (August 1999): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199911990-00042.

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43

Ulbrich, Beate, and Anthony K. Palmer. "Neurobehavioral Aspects of Developmental Toxicity Testing." Environmental Health Perspectives 104 (April 1996): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3432662.

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44

Raipulis, Jēkabs, Malda Toma, and Maija Balode. "Toxicity and Genotoxicity Testing of Roundup." Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. 63, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2009): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10046-009-0009-6.

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Toxicity and Genotoxicity Testing of Roundup Glyphosate, in the commercial formulation named Roundup, is a broad spectrum herbicide that is one of the most frequently applied pesticides in the world. However, there has been little evidence of Roundup toxicity or genotoxicity. Genotoxicity of glyphosate was carried out using the Escherichia coli SOS chromotest. The glyphosate-induced dose response in the SOS chromotest suggests that glyphosate possesses genotoxic properties. Glyphosate at a 0.2 g/l concentration in toxicity bioassay caused 50% mortality of Daphnia magna (LD50 after 24 h — 0.22 g/l; after 48 h — 0.19 g/l), but 0.25 — 0.5 g/l — 100% death of organisms (LD100 after 24 h — 0.5 g/l; after 48 h — 0.25 g/l). Our results (E. coli SOS chromotest and daphnia test system) together with recent animal studies and epidemiological reports suggest that glyphosate, especially, Roundup possesses both toxic and genotoxic properties.
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45

Brungs, William A. "Multispecies Toxicity Testing John Cairns, Jr." BioScience 36, no. 10 (November 1986): 677–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1310392.

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46

Meyer, Joseph S. "Multispecies Toxicity Testing. John Cairns, Jr." Journal of the North American Benthological Society 5, no. 3 (September 1986): 249–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1467712.

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47

Slabbert, J. L., and E. A. Venter. "Biological assays for aquatic toxicity testing." Water Science and Technology 39, no. 10-11 (May 1, 1999): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0684.

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A number of aquatic toxicity tests have been established for South African use, which include fish and Daphnia lethality tests, microbiotests, and short-term chronic tests. Studies on effluents and surface waters showed that all the tests have a viable role to play in water quality management. The most advantageous use of the tests is in battery form, so that tests can complement each other. The fish and Daphnia lethality tests, and algal growth inhibition test are recommended for regulatory and management purposes of effluents. If receiving water is used for drinking water purposes, the Ames Salmonella mutagenicity and toad embryo teratogenicity tests should be included in the battery of tests. Some of the rapid microbiotests, e.g. the protozoan oxygen uptake test, bacterial growth test and enzyme tests, could be valuable screening tools to identify and categorize toxic effluents.
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48

Thilly, W. G. "Mutational Spectrometry in Animal Toxicity Testing." Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology 30, no. 1 (April 1990): 369–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pa.30.040190.002101.

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49

Bailey, Jarrod. "Developmental Toxicity Testing: Protecting Future Generations?" Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 36, no. 6 (December 2008): 718–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119290803600618.

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50

Piersma, Aldert H. "Alternative Methods for Developmental Toxicity Testing." Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology 98, no. 5 (April 19, 2006): 427–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-7843.2006.pto_373.x.

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