Relevant bibliographies by topics / Town Belt

Academic literature on the topic 'Town Belt'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Town Belt"

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Meneguetti, Karin Schwabe, and Staël de Alvarenga Pereira Costa. "The fringe-belt concept and planned new towns: a Brazilian case study." Urban Morphology 19, no. 1 (October 31, 2014): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.51347/jum.v19i1.4021.

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There is a degree of consensus about the theoretical foundations underpinning the fringe-belt concept, but relevant empirical research carried out in different cultural contexts still raises important questions. In this paper the methodology of the British urban morphology school is applied in a planned new town in Brazil in order to draw comparisons. The identification of fringe belts in Maringá city confirms the validity of the methodology. The planned city configuration may be compared to the formation of ancient walled cities, attesting the strength of fixation lines in the creation of inner fringe belts. Middle and outer fringe belts are more fragmented. This difference is partly related to the fact that the time-span over which these fringe belts have been formed is very short.
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Zhang, Fei, Yishan Wang, Chi Yung Jim, Ngai Weng Chan, Mou Leong Tan, Hsiang-Te Kung, Jingchao Shi, Xingyou Li, and Xin He. "Analysis of Urban Expansion and Human–Land Coordination of Oasis Town Groups in the Core Area of Silk Road Economic Belt, China." Land 12, no. 1 (January 11, 2023): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12010224.

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Under economic globalization, synergy among cities has been actively promoted. Establishing inter–city networks and joint regional development could catalyze economic growth. The mode and pace of urban growth could be gauged by construction land expansion and human–land coordination. This study adopted the dynamic change, the center of gravity, and coordination analyses to comprehensively portray spatial patterns and changes amongst 13 oasis town groups in Xinjiang, China, from 2000 to 2018. The results identified that 2010 was the turning point of acceleration in construction land expansion, demonstrating notable spatial differentiations among town groups. Northern Xinjiang experienced faster urban growth than southern Xinjiang. The Urumqi–Changji–Shihezi (UCS) town group on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains constituted the crucial urban core with the fastest construction land expansion. Although the towns in southern Xinjiang were small and beset by inherent limitations in the early period, some town groups acquired new impetus and vitality and became the fastest–developing areas in Xinjiang in recent years. The growth was driven by China’s western development program, economic assistance, and Silk Road Economic Belt. Eastern Xinjiang had convenient transportation, but its small urban entities needed population supplementation to invigorate urban expansion. In the far north, the Altay and Tacheng–Emin (TE) town groups were situated too far from development cores. They lacked the collateral benefits of nearby strong–growth loci, resulting in sluggish growth. A north–south dual–hub strategy was proposed to spearhead the dissemination of urban growth by fostering core–periphery linkages pump–primed by improved road connections.
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Pal, A. K., and R. Samanta. "Road Traffic Noise Status in Dhanbad, An Industrial Town of the Coal Belt in India." Noise & Vibration Worldwide 33, no. 10 (November 2002): 10–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/09574560260459701.

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The increase in fast moving traffic and narrow roads are causing vehicle congestion which results in vehicles moving in low gears, accelerating, stopping and horn blowing, etc. All these are the contributing factors for considerable noise in industrial towns in India. The percentage of heavy vehicles in the traffic stream is also a major factor contributing to high noise levels. This paper delineates the systematic noise investigation in Dhanbad, an industrial town in the coal belt. Out of the six monitoring stations within Dhanbad town – Bank More, Shramik Chawk and Court More stations show maximum LAeq levels [79.0 to 84.1 dB] due to higher number of vehicles. On the other hand, at G.T. Road at Govindpur free flowing traffic outside Dhanbad town registers maximum LAeq[81.0 dB] during evening hour (7.00p.m to 8.00p.m) due to the greater number of heavy vehicles (189). The noise generated within Dhanbad town is more than that of the free flowing highway at Govindpur G.T. Road. A car in general generates 15 -dB (A) less noise than a heavy commercial vehicle. It has also been observed that sudden braking followed by gearing acceleration leads to an increase of 10– 15 dB (A) noise level. The frequency spectrum analysis reveals that the highway (G.T. Road) noise has a well-defined sound pressure level (SPL) at 63 Hz., representing the firing frequency of the vehicles at high speed. Again, a comparatively less alarming frequency at about 1 kHz may be due to the combined effect of tyres and wind. The alarming SPL for the traffic inside town has been in the range of 63 Hz to 125 Hz due to the lower speed of the vehicles. After that, there is no peak at higher frequency range, indicating that at relatively low speed tyres and wind make a negligible contribution to the noise spectrum. The Noise Ratings (NR), which represent the annoyance factor, are observed varying from morning to evening. In most of places, NR during the morning session show peak value due to prevalence of dominant high frequency. Statistical models / relationships between LAeq, total traffic volume per hour (Q) and percentage of heavy vehicles over total vehicles (P) are developed which can be used for the prediction of traffic noise in similar situations. The authors stress the need of curbing the traffic noise by taking appropriate steps to bring about a smoother traffic flow at moderate speeds and minimum horn blowing. The necessary steps will include widening of roads, diverting the traffic by means of some bypass roads, making traffic one-way, removing the business congestion in the roadway, avoiding or removing inter sections at near by places, etc. Besides, provision of suitable barriers in the sensitive zone of the roadways can go a long war way to reducing the noise situation.
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Raspa, Darren A. "Biggest Gang in Town." California History 91, no. 4 (2014): 64–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ch.2014.91.4.64.

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The police are arguably the most visible and contested apparatus of legal authority and urban power in American history. The navy blue uniform, badge, and utility belt of armaments of varying lethal potential have simultaneously been the symbols of justice, order, and security, while also representing the trappings of a virtual standing army of punitive state coercion, eliciting equal amounts of fear and admiration among the most vulnerable members of society. The traditional law enforcement historiography dictates that urban policing in its present form saw its origins in London in the first half of the nineteenth century. I contend, however, that a diverse array of social classes and communities in the American city from the mid-nineteenth century onward formed and continuously reformed the municipal police departments into their current form. This process can best be observed in the experimental process of law enforcement in San Francisco, where a diversity of political ordering and community visions competed for dominance in policing methods and ideology. The sudden convergence of a multitude of classes and ethnicities on the small peninsula of San Francisco from the late 1840s onward shaped the institution of urban policing in ways that would have national ramifications.
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HAYAMI, Kiyotaka. "CONSTRUCTION AFTER APPLICATION OF THE FIREPROOF BUILDING BELT IN OFUNATO TOWN." Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) 87, no. 791 (January 1, 2022): 184–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aija.87.184.

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Ayuba, Dr Affi, Dr Dalili shabbal Mohammed, Dr longwap AS, Dr Solomon mercy Gunat, and Dr Daniel Aina Olagoke. "Overweight and Type II Diabetes among the Elderly Middle Belt Nigerians." East African Scholars Journal of Medical Sciences 5, no. 7 (July 21, 2022): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easms.2022.v05i07.003.

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Background: The increasing rate of obesity and type-2 diabetes (T2DM) are impending major threats to the health of African Population but the magnitude of the two in middle age Nigerians is not known. We assessed the burden of obesity and T2DM among elderly middle belt Nigerians. Methods: A cross sectional prospective study was conducted among the population living in Lafia town. After biodata and clinical examination, including arthrometric measurements of weight and height was conducted. Standard BMI was calculated. A casual glucose and fasting blood glucose was determined using serum enzymatic glucose oxidase method. The diagnostic criteria were taken as fasting glucose at ≥ 7.0mmol/L and casual glucose at ≥ 11.1mmol/L. Results: In Lafia town the prevalence of Class I obesity was 62.6% there is a perfect correlation of 1.000 between BMI and glucose, meaning that as the BMI of a person increases, blood glucose concentration always increases and vice versa. The correlation between age and glucose concentration (0.0447) reflects a very weak positive relationship, indicating that BMI may differ at different ages. i.e. as the age of a patient increases, there is a slight tendency that the BMI may also increase. Conclusion: This study showed high risk of T2DM and obesity among middle belt Nigerians living in Lafia town due to sedentary lifestyle and lack of exercise in addition to indiscriminate diet. There is need for regular screening for diabetes and hypertension. Use of portable electronic BP machine is advocated. There should be lifestyle modification like regular exercise, control of excessive alcohol intake and dietary advice.
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Kolejka, Jaromír, and Martin Klimánek. "Survey and typology of post-industrial landscape in Czechia." Geografie 117, no. 3 (2012): 289–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.37040/geografie2012117030289.

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The innovative PIL mapping procedure is based on an application of wider selection of datasets available in Czechia. Using a multi-step approach, 128 cases of PIL were identified and classified. Geographically, the territorial concentrations of PILs under research are located in the North-Bohemian Industrial Crescent (from the town of Cheb in the West to town Náchod in the East), in the Central Bohemian Industrial Belt (from Pilsen region to Prague capital region), in Ostrava region (North-east of Czechia, and in the Southern Moravia). Advantages and weaknesses of the applied procedure and reliability of results were also discussed.
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HAYAMI, Kiyotaka. "APPLICATION AND ITS BACKGROUND OF THE FIREPROOF BUILDING BELT IN OFUNATO TOWN." Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) 85, no. 778 (2020): 2761–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aija.85.2761.

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Lemons, Shelly. "Neon Wasteland: On Love, Motherhood, and Sex Work in a Rust Belt Town." Oral History Review 39, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 147–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ohr/ohs003.

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Giuffre, Patti. "Neon Wasteland: On Love, Motherhood, and Sex Work in a Rust Belt Town." Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews 41, no. 2 (March 2012): 193–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094306112438190n.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Town Belt"

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Hui, Choi-wah Anthony. "The re-examination of green belt areas in Hong Kong : a case study of Tuen Mun /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19906936.

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Stine, Alison. "Rust Belt Blues." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1365151197.

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McCarty, Erin G. "Green Belt Planning in Edinburgh and Baltimore: A Cross-site Comparison." Ohio : Ohio University, 2007. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1180532632.

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Irlam, James Hamilton. "Barriers to cycling mobility in Masiphumelele, Cape Town: a best-worst scaling approach." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20833.

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Non-motorised transport (NMT) such as cycling and walking has multiple social, economic, environmental, climate and public health benefits and is integral to the agenda of sustainable development. There is considerable potential for more cycling mobility in South Africa, especially in low-income communities (LICs). Barriers to cycling mobility were investigated in Masiphumelele, a LIC in Cape Town, in order to inform recommendations for promoting cycling as a mode of transport in this community and beyond. A mixed methods design of qualitative and quantitative methods was used. A focus group discussion (FGD) with local bicycle shop customers informed the design of a cross-sectional cluster sampling questionnaire and a Best-Worst Scaling (BWS) stated choice survey of 100 household residents. The BWS survey used 10 choice sets of 4statements each to rank the relative importance to study participants of 20 potential barriers to cycling mobility on their average Best-Worse (B-W) scores.
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Kling, Josefin, and Bianca Duvnjak. "“Probably the best beer in town” : En kvalitativ studie om svenska mikrobryggeriers strategiska kommunikation." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för medier och journalistik (MJ), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-103962.

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In the last 20 years the craft brewing industry has expanded significantly in Scandinavia. The trend of microbreweries originates from the US and the U.K where much of the recent research has taken place, leaving a field unexplored from a perspective centralized to the microbrewery industry in Sweden. Previous research within similar fields have explored the use of neolocalism as a means of public relations strategy but little attention has been paid to further dimensions of strategic communication such as marketing communication and branding. With a theoretical framework varying from previous research within culture, geography and marketing this study seeks to bring light to the Swedish market of microbreweries from a media and communication perspective. The study examines which strategies Swedish microbreweries use to build a relationship with their customers and which strategies are implemented to appeal to new audiences. Furthermore, the study seeks to investigate which challenges microbreweries face with their external communication and what strategies are used to conquer them. The work indicates that while neolocalism plays a significant role in the branding and external communication for many breweries as demonstrated in previous studies in other areas of the world, the results bring light to the fact that while neolocalism might work as a strategy to bond with the locals it might also prevent the microbreweries to reach audiences beyond the given area. By using a qualitative semi-structured interview approach the respondents, each representing individual breweries located around Stockholm, Gothenburg and Småland, were able to provide empirical evidence suggesting that social media plays a great role in the success of reaching new audiences therefore functioning as one of the primary methods for successful strategic communication.
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Khumalo, Funeka Nomasundu. "How to best serve the rural and small town middle class market in South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24248.

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This is an exploratory study with a purpose to gain an understanding of the middle class that is not situated in the cities in South Africa, whether this middle is served adequately in their areas. A population of middle class consumer who reside in the rural and small towns of South Africa and those who visit these areas was interviewed in in-depth face to face interviews. Expert interviews with retailers that they normally purchase from were also conducted. The study shows evidence of the middle class in the rural and small towns that goes out of their towns to source aspirational goods that are not available in their small towns. This class is aware of current styles and brands as they are exposed to media and they are influenced by those who live in the cities and also get exposure through their travels. It was also found that there is a number of the black middle class that currently resides in the cities however through their family ties in the rural and small town areas, they go back seasonally to be with their families and hence they expect to find the goods that they are accustomed to when they get there. The retailers had concerns with the size of the market in the rural and small towns, being small, however, this market does increase seasonally and models to serve a seasonal market are suggested. The research concludes that there is a middle class in the rural and small town areas of South Africa, this market grows seasonally and ways to service this market can be sought. Copyright
Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
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Mafuleka, Alice Whitehead. "Refugee HIV/AIDS program in Cape Town: Comparison with the UNAIDS Best Practice Guidelines (BPGS)." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3741.

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De, Villiers Wildre Ewin. "An investigation into the development for, and achievement of, project management best practices in the City of Cape Town." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49842.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study project deals with an investigation into the development for, and achievement of, project management best practices in the City of Cape Town. It is a fact that the average ratepayer expects to receive more and better services for less money. This will only be achieved if the organization can work more efficiently and provide more effective services to the communities. To be able to deliver these improved services at lower cost, the City of Cape Town needs to implement the Integrated Development Plan (lOP) and the programmes attached thereto through a project management approach; with the projects grouped within each program, in a matrix organization structure that will enable for the successful execution of projects that cut across multiple functions. A matrix organization can only be successful if everybody in the organization understands the concept and if functional managers are willing to share their resources and functional (subject) knowledge with project managers. The process to establish a project management methodology can be supported by a central project management office, headed by a professional project manager with sufficient authority within the organization. If the organization is serious about the successful execution of its lOP commitments and all its projects, then the central project management office will have to facilitate the development to project management maturity by being the focal point for the consistent application of project management processes and methodologies. The central project management office can support decentralized project management offices in the areas of activity, to ensure uniform standards and practices throughout the organization and to take responsibility for project management training in the organization. A project management best practices questionnaire was sent to people that deal with projects in the organization. The results indicated that there are many areas that require very urgent (immediately) and urgent training (within the foreseeable future) to be able to change the organization from a pure functional organization to a matrix organization. The custodian for this training must be the central project management office in the organization. This whole process needs to be implemented in a structured way with sufficient budget and resources provided for. Professional assistance needs to be sourced to ensure that the project management methodology is implemented correctly.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie werkstuk het ten doel gehad om 'n ondersoek te doen na die ontwikkeling vir, en die bereiking van, beste praktyke vir projekbestuur in die Stad Kaapstad. Dit is 'n feit dat die gemiddelde belastingbetaler verwag om meer en beter dienste te verkry vir minder geld. Dit sal alleenlik bereik kan word indien die organisasie meer effektief kan werk en meer doeltreffende dienste aan die gemeenskappe kan lewer. Om in staat te wees om die beter dienste teen laer koste te lewer moet die Stad Kaapstad die Geïntegreerde Ontwikkelingsplan (GO) en die programme daarmee verbind implementeer d.m.v. 'n projekbestuurbenadering; met elke program gegroepeer in projekte, geïmplementeer binne 'n matriks organisasiestruktuur, ten einde die projekte wat meervoudige funksies raak suksesvol te kan afhandel. 'n Matriks organisasie kan alleenlik suksesvol wees indien almal in die organisasie die konsep verstaan en indien die funksionele bestuurders bereid sal wees om hulle hulpbronne en funksionele (vak-) kennis te deel met die projekbestuurders. Die proses om 'n projekbestuurmetodologie te vestig moet die ondersteuning van 'n sentrale projekbestuurkantoor hê, bestuur deur 'n professionele projekbestuurder met die nodige gesag in die organisasie. Indien die organisasie ernstig is om die Geïntegreerde Ontwikkelingsplan suksesvol te voltooi, asook al die projekte, sal die sentrale projekbestuurkantoor die ontwikkeling van projekbestuurkundigheid tot volwassenheid moet fasiliteer deur die sentrale fokuspunt te wees vir die konsekwente aanwending van prosesse en metodologieë. Die sentrale projekbestuurkantoor kan die gedesentraliseerde projekbestuurkantore ondersteun in die areas om te verseker dat eenvormige standaarde en praktyke regdeur die organisasie in gebruik is en om verantwoordelikheid te neem vir projekbestuuropleiding in die organisasie. 'n Projekbestuur beste-praktyke vraelys was uitgestuur aan mense wat by projekbestuur betrokke is in die organisasie. Die resultate het aangedui dat daar baie areas is wat baie dringende (onmiddellik) en dringende (binne die afsienbare toekoms) opleiding benodig om die organisasie in staat te stel om te verander van 'n oorwegende funksionele organisasie na 'n matriks organisasie. Die voog vir die opleiding moet die sentrale projekbestuurkantoor wees in die organisasie. Hierdie hele proses moet op 'n gestruktureerde basis geïmplementeer word met voldoende begroting en hulpbronne. Professionele hulp moet ingebring word om te verseker dat die projekbestuurmetodologie reg geïmplementeer word.
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Ogborne, Jennifer Honora. ""Setting the best table in the country": Food and Labor at the Coloma Gold Mining Town." W&M ScholarWorks, 2013. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623626.

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The town of Coloma, Montana was settled in the early 1890s as the home of several gold mining companies and their associated employees. Like so many boom towns, the residents had all but abandoned Coloma by 1916. This initial boom phase for Coloma transpired during a critical point in the emergence of modern capitalism, specifically in changing corporate managerial practices. A multi-company open town, Coloma lacked many of the typical characteristics of a paternalistic community, such as scrip and strictly segregated housing. Instead of outright domineering and controlling managerial practices, companies at Coloma manipulated and coerced their work forces through the control of the food provisioning system. This study demonstrates that companies at Coloma dominated the purchase, distribution, and consumption of food through the establishment of a centralized store and company-associated boardinghouses. Companies also offered meals as a type of labor mobilization feast to entice and retain labor populations. to explore the varying degrees of manipulation, this study employs the concept of the system of provision to organize a multi-scalar analysis that addresses the importation, distribution, preparation, and consumption of food products at Coloma. Through the lens of food distribution, this study examines archaeological materials and historical documents to show the extent to which Coloma's companies employed manipulative managerial practices.
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Ip, Tin-yan Timothy. "Development control in Hong Kong's new towns a probit analysis of green belt zones planning application statistics /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKU Scholars Hub, 2005. http://lookup.lib.hku.hk/lookup/bib/B37935197.

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Books on the topic "Town Belt"

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Neon wasteland: On love, motherhood, and sex work in a rust belt town. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2010.

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Conference, on Inversion Tectonics of the Cape Fold Belt (1991 Cape Town South Africa). Inversion tectonics of the Cape Fold Belt, Karoo and Cretaceous basins of Southern Africa: Proceedings of the Conference on Inversion Tectonics of the Cape Fold Belt, Cape Town, South Africa, 2-6 December 1991. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema, 1992.

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Marlowe, Dan J. Small-town beat. Wisbech: LDA, 1991.

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Rotella, Carlo. Good with their hands: Boxers, bluesmen, and other characters from the Rust Belt. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2002.

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Formerly urban: Projecting Rust Belt futures. New York: Princeton Architectural Press with Syracuse University School of Architecture, 2012.

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Haggerty, Mary. American journal: A collection of off beat small town road trips. [United States?]: M. Haggerty, 2006.

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illustrator, Bakos Barbara, ed. City street beat. New York, NY: AV2 by Weigl, 2016.

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One love, ghoema beat: Inside the cape town carnival. Charlottesville, Va: University of Virginia Press, 2010.

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Fairbanks: A gold rush town that beat the odds. Fairbanks, [Alaska]: Epicenter Press, 1999.

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Fairbanks: A gold rush town that beat the odds. Fairbanks: University of Alaska Press, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Town Belt"

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Beatley, Timothy. "Wellington, New Zealand: From Town Belt to Blue Belt." In Handbook of Biophilic City Planning and Design, 75–84. Washington, DC: Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-621-9_7.

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Hilbig, Heino. "The Best Steak in Town!" In Marketing ist eine Wissenschaft …, 92–94. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-02891-6_24.

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Portelli, Alessandro. "The Best of Times, the Worst of Times: Economic Boom and Industrial Crisis." In Biography of an Industrial Town, 223–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50898-6_10.

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Wood, Karl. "“The Best Town by a Dam-Site:” Celebrating Memory in a Midwestern Small Town." In Second Language Learning and Teaching, 87–102. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12590-5_7.

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Rodríguez, Ariel, and Burcu Kaftanoglu. "Top Ten US Best Towns: Outside Magazine." In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 6684–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_3290.

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Chevez, Agustin. "Award Winning Scones." In The Pilgrim’s Guide to the Workplace, 49–51. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4759-9_15.

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AbstractWhenever I walked into a small country town I looked for ‘award winning’ signs. These were usually written on folding boards standing outside bakeries letting passers-by know they had the best pies, vanilla slices, or scones in town. I trusted these accreditations more than the TripAdvisor Certificate of Excellence stickers on shop windows.
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Nekvapil, J. "The sociolinguistic situation in Hradec Králové, the best researched town in the Czech Republic 1." In Linguistic Choices in the Contemporary City, 114–37. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429348037-10.

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Rabêlo, Vitor Gantuss, Issa Ibrahim Berchin, Marleny De León, José Humberto Dias de Toledo, Liane Ramos da Silva, and José Baltazar Salgueirinho Osório de Andrade Guerra. "University Campuses as Town-Like Institutions: Promoting Sustainable Development in Cities Using the Water-Sensitive Urban Design Approach." In Sustainability on University Campuses: Learning, Skills Building and Best Practices, 497–511. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15864-4_29.

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Kaiser, Mathias. "Requirements and Possibilities of Best Management Practices for Stormwater Run-off from the View of Ecological Town Planning." In Urban Ecology, 133–37. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-88583-9_22.

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"The Fairfield Makerspace." In American Perspectives on Learning Communities and Opportunities in the Maker Movement, 130–57. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8310-3.ch006.

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The Fairfield Makerspace is located in the green belt corn growing area in the southeastern portion of Iowa, USA. The town hosts the Maharishi University of Management (MUM), which is unlike any university in the Midwest in that most members of the university community practice transcendental meditation (TM). This practice has led to a general misunderstanding between the university community and those that do not practice TM. MUM opened the Fairfield Makerspace in response to the mistrust between the town and the university. The role of the makerspace is to find commonality between communities in the areas of making and sustainable living. The space was finding its footing as it began their first year of operation. Learning communities are formed through workshops and special meetups called Transformation Tuesdays, where members upcycle items. This chapter explores the Fairfield Makerspace.
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Conference papers on the topic "Town Belt"

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Broglia, Francesco. "Fortifications at Piacenza. Historical background, restoration, open-air museum and urban planning." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11427.

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The “modern” fortifications at Piacenza are situated at a significant physical and cultural crossroads linking the Mediterranean and roads leading to Central Europe and the North Sea. This paper aims to include their historical bastion features and city walls within an open-air educational museum that is well integrated within the modern town. Starting from the original basis of a defensive nature conceived to mark boundaries and divide kingdoms, the plan is to build a park which, by means of a fully-equipped green belt, is able to narrate the story of the Siegecraft and Renaissance apse techniques. At the same time, the aim is to explain how such a system may serve as a valuable means of allowing sustainable urban transport along with that of respecting and highlighting cultural heritage. In order to tell the complete story, an attempt is made to describe how direct relief may relate to the “compact town.”
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Shi, Yanhui, Zijing Shen, Xirui Feng, and Shuying Cheng. "Research on the fringe belts of Shangqiu, China: a morphogenetic approach." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5683.

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Research on the fringe belts of Shangqiu, China: a morphogenetic approach Zijing Shen, Xirui Feng, Shuying Cheng, Yanhui Shi* College of Urban and Environmental Sciences. Peking University. Beijing. China 100871 E-mail: shzj950609@163.com, 873405878@qq.com, corrine0123@126.com, yhshi1988@sina.com* Keywords: fringe belts, morphogenetic analysis, ancient Shangqiu; concentric Conference topic: Urban form and social use of space The concept of the fringe belt has, in recent years, been studied quite widely in the Western world. Fringe belts were first recognized in Europe, primarily in relation to city walls. In China, fringe belts have been rarely studied, despite their very widespread occurrence. Yet China provides a highly complex world of urban morphological phenomena related to cultural settings substantially different from those in the West. In relation to both a long urban history and recent rapid processes of industrialization and urbanization, the fringe belts of Chinese cities deserve more in-depth research. To rectify this deficiency, this paper examines the developmental process and form of the fringe belts of Shangqiu (including both ancient Shangqiu and modern Shangqiu) as a central focus, using the basic methods of morphogenetic analysis. Since the Ming Dynasty the existence of fringe belts in Shangqui relates to double fixation lines (double city walls, the space between which is water for defence against invasion and flood). Since 1949, a new core developed outside ancient Shangqiu. In time, due to the alteration of the city’s organizational system and rapid expansion of modern Shangqiu, the whole of ancient Shangqiu, as well as its fringe belts, has become part of the fringe-belts system of modern Shangqiu. The development of the fringe belts of Shangqiu shows a different pattern from a concentric town such as Alnwick. This finding extends and refines the understanding of fringe belts. References: Louis, H. (1936) ‘Die geographische Gliederung von Gross-Berlin’, Länderkundliche Forschung: Krebs Festschrift (Engelhorn, Stuttgart) 146-71. Conzen, M. R. G. (1969) Alnwick, Northumberland: a study in town-plan analysis Institute of British Geographers Publication 27 (George Philip, London).
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Geddes, Ilaria, and Nadia Charalambous. "Building a timeline, developing a narrative: visualising fringe belt formation alongside street network development." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6042.

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This project was developed as an attempt to assess the relationship between different morphogenetic processes, in particular, those of fringe belt formation as described by M.R.G. Conzen (1960) and Whitehand (2001), and of centrality and compactness as described by Hillier (1999; 2002). Different approaches’ focus on different elements of the city has made it difficult to establish exactly how these processes interact or whether they are simply different facets of development reflecting wider socio-economic factors. To address this issue, a visual, chronological timeline of Limassol’s development was constructed along with a narrative of the socio-economic context of its development. The complexity of cities, however, makes static visualisations across time difficult to read and assess alongside textual narratives. We therefore took the step of developing an animation of land use and configurational analyses of Limassol, in order bring to life the diachronic analysis of the city and shed light on its generative mechanisms. The video presented here shows that the relationship between the processes mentioned above is much stronger and more complex than previously thought. The related paper explores in more detail the links between fringe belt formation as a cyclical process of peripheral development and centrality as a recurring process of minimisation of gains in distance. The project’s outcomes clearly show that composite methods of visualisations are an analytical opportunity still little exploited within urban morphology. References Conzen, M.R.G., 1960. Alnwick, Northumberland: A Study in Town-Plan Analysis, London: Institute of British Geographers. Hillier, B., 2002. A Theory of the City as Object: or how spatial laws mediate the social construction of urban space. Urban Des Int, 7(3–4), pp.153–179. Hillier, B., 1999. Centrality as a process: accounting for attraction inequalities in deformed grids. Urban Des Int, 4(3–4), pp.107–127. Whitehand, J.W.R., 2001. British urban morphology: the Conzenian tradition. Urban Morphology, 5(2), pp.103–109.
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Logunova, Elena. "Morphological evolution of the fringe-belts of Krasnoyarsk." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6052.

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Elena Logunova1Master of Urban Planning, Post-graduate student, 1Department of Urban Design and Planning, School of Architecture and Design, Siberian Federal University Address: 79 Svobodny pr., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation E-mail: ikukina@inbox.ru , el.lgnv@yandex.ruScientific adviser: Pd.D., Professor - I. V. Kukina Keywords: fringe-belt, Siberia, urban morphology, fixation lineConference topics and scale: Tools of analysis in urban morphologyThe fringe-belt concept is one of the most important concepts in urban morphology which provides a possibility to analyze existing urban layout. Urban fringe-belt phenomenon in cities of Siberia hitherto was poorly investigated. Thus, it constitutes an extremely broad research area.Phases and processes of formation, transformation and alienation in urban fringe-belts examines at the case of Krasnoyarsk from the 17th to mid 20th centuries. Krasnoyarsk was founded as a military stockaded town in 1628 during the first period of Siberia development and experienced several historical stages in the process of urban growth.Relation of changes in fringe-belts structure and political and socio-economic contexts is evidently at all periods of their physical formation. Natural fixation lines (topographic features, body of big river, and development of small river valley) and man-made fixation lines (city walls, railway corridor) influenced to the formation and evolution processes of fringe-belts and urban fabric generally. Railway was a turning point in the city expansion and contributed to overcoming of the power natural fixation line as the Yenisei river. Unlike the urban core, right bank of Krasnoyarsk formed as a linear city with specific fringe belts.Detailed analysis of Krasnoyarsk city plan indentifies several morphological units separated by fringe-belts. These fringe-belts are characterized by distinctive road network, variety of land-use units and heterogeneous forms in plan. It presents difficulties for reconstruction projects of modern city. An approach for renovation of these territories needs to depend on urban morphology methodology. ReferencesConzen M. P., Kai Gu, Whitehand J. W. R. (2012) ‘Comparing traditional urban form in China and Europe: a fringe-belt approach’ Urban Geography, 33, 1, p. 22–45.Whitehand J.W. R, Morton N. J. (2003) ‘Fringe belts and the recycling of urban land: an academic concept and planning practice’, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, volume 30, p.819- 839. Ünlü T. (2013) ‘Thinking about urban fringe belts: a Mediterranean perspective’, Urban Morphology 17 (1), p. 5-20.
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Zhang, Limeng, and Andong Lu. "A study on the history of urban morphology in China based on discourse analysis." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5981.

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A study on the history of urban morphology in China based on discourse analysis Limeng Zhang¹, Andong Lu¹ ¹School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Nanjing University. Nanjing University Hankou Road 22#, Gulou District, Nanjing, China E-mail: 554361151@qq.com, andonglu@gmail.com Key words: urban morphology, terminology, discourse analysis Conference topics and scale: Literature review (Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant No.: 51478215) Urban morphology is a method widely used in China in the field of urban design and urban conservation. Since its first introduction to the Chinese context about 20 years ago, the key ideas and concepts of urban morphology underwent a significant phenomenon of ‘lost in translation’. Different origins of morphological thoughts, different versions of translation, as well as different disciplinary context, have all together led to a chaotic discourse. This paper reviews the key Chinese articles in the field of urban morphology since 1982 and draws out a group of persistent keywords, such as evolution, axis, urban fringe belt, plan unit and plot, that characterize the morphological approach to urban issues. By reviewing the transformation of the definition of these keywords, this paper aims to generate an evolutionary map of landmark ideas and concepts, based on which, four stages in the development of urban morphology in China can be identified: emergence, growth, maturity, practice. The mapping methodology could be extrapolated to other words, and the obtained evolutionary map could be a basic tool for further study. References Conzen M. R. G., Alnwick, Northumberland: A Study in Town-plan Analysis [M] 1960. ( London, George Philip). J. W. R. Whitehand, and Kai Gu. ‘Urban conservation in China: Historical development, current practice and morphological approach’ [J], Town Planning Review, 2007 (5), 615-642. Duan Jin, and Qiu Guochao. 'The Emergence and Development of Overseas Urban Morphology Study' [J], Urban Planning Forum, 2008(5):34-42. M. P. Conzen, Kai Gu, J. W. R. Whitehand. Comparing traditional urban form in China and Europe: a fringe belt approach [D]. Urban Geography, 2011.
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Ruiz-Armenteros, Antonio Miguel, Mario Sánchez-Gómez, José Manuel Delgado-Blasco, Matus Bakon, Ana Ruiz-Constán, Jesús Galindo-Zaldívar, Milan Lazecky, Miguel Marchamalo-Sacristán, and Joaquim J. Sousa. "Monitoring instabilities by MT-InSAR in a mesa placed town (Arjona, Guadalquivir valley, South Spain)." In 5th Joint International Symposium on Deformation Monitoring. Valencia: Editorial de la Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/jisdm2022.2022.13885.

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Cities in Spain use to be overgrown around old towns (preroman, roman and medieval) constructed on topographic defensive heights of singular geological features. In the upper Guadalquivir valley, a tabular body of Miocene sediments has been eroded forming mesas where most of its population has been living since middle age. As the towns grew, new neighborhoods settled towards the edges and cliffs of these mesas, in areas with high probabilities of instability. The town of Arjona is a good example of this geological-urbanistic setup, located on the tabular hill formed by clay marls topped by bioclastic limestones that protect it from erosion. Modern buildings from few sectors of the town show important cracks, even the 16th century bell-tower has a 4º inclination indicating problems in the foundations. Multi-temporal SAR interferometry (MT-InSAR) is a powerful technique to derive displacement time series over coherent targets on the Earth associated with geophysical or structural instabilities phenomena. In this work we use MT-InSAR with Sentinel-1 data to reveal that, at present day, the periphery of Arjona is active, being recognized a large landslide in the south side of this mesa town which affects buildings and civil infrastructures. In addition, field work is being carried out to investigate the sources of these instabilities.
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Dong, GuoJing. "The best taxicab strategy for a town." In 2016 2nd Workshop on Advanced Research and Technology in Industry Applications (WARTIA-16). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/wartia-16.2016.84.

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8

Song, Feng, Rongxi Peng, Zijiao Zhang, and Yixi Li. "Extending the concept of the morphological frame: a case study of Tangshan old military airport." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5686.

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Extending the concept of the morphological frame: a case study of Tangshan old military airport Rongxi Peng, Zijiao Zhang, Yixi Li, Feng Song* College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University. 100871 Beijing E-mail: pengrongxi@pku.edu.cn, 411148973@qq.com, elaine9565@yeah.net, songfeng@urban.pku.edu.cn*(corresponding author)Telephone Number: +86 132-6990-0350, +86 139-1013-6101* Keywords: China, morphological frame, three-dimensional view, airport Conference topics and scale: Urban form and social use of space/ City transformations/ Stages in territorial configuration The concept of the morphological frame is important in urban morphology, but it has been discussed much less than other critical concepts, such as the fringe belt and the fixation line. Passing its features on as inherited outlines, the morphological frame contains not only the linear fixation line, but also ground plan and three-dimensional aspects. In this research, the linear, ground plan, and three-dimensional morphological frame of Tangshan old military airport during the expansion of the city after the removal of the airport is identified. The former boundary roads of the airport exert obvious influences on the division of plots. The former arterial roads also function as a linear morphological frame. In relation to the ground plan, property rights and plots containing important buildings have an impact on the consequent town plan. The distinct feature of the morphological frame of the airport is its three-dimensional constraint, i.e. the vertical clearance requirement, which restricted the height of surrounding buildings. The impact of this institutional limit can last a very long time owing to the high cost of demolishing the old surrounding buildings or adding extra storeys even if the limit ceased to exist with the removal of the airport. Based on this case study, this paper refines and extends the connotation of the concept of the morphological frame and further discusses the relationship between function and form. References Conzen, M. P. (2009) ‘How cities internalize their former urban fringes: a cross-cultural comparison’, Urban Morphology 13(1), 29. Conzen, M. R. G. (1969) Alnwick, Northumberland: a study in town-plan analysis (Institute of British Geographers, London). Lin, Y., De Meulder, B. and Wang, S. (2011) ‘From village to metropolis: a case of morphological transformation in Guangzhou, China’, Urban Morphology 15(1), 5-20. Whitehand, J. W. R. (2001) ‘British urban morphology: the Conzenion tradition’, Urban Morphology 5(2), 103-109. Whitehand, J. W. R., Conzen, M. P. and Gu, K. (2016) ‘Plan analysis of historical cities: a Sino-European comparison’, Urban Morphology 20(2), 139-158.
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Serakiotou, Niki, Aime Diaw, Thomas Bui, Richard Roberts, and Carolynne White. "From help desk and resnet to "Best Service Center in Town"." In the 36th annual ACM SIGUCCS conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1449956.1449967.

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Burinskienė, Marija, Vaida Vabuolytė, and Gintaras Stauskis. "HUMANIZING VILNIUS OLD TOWN BY THE SUMP MEASURES: WHEN LESS IS MORE." In 11th International Conference “Environmental Engineering”. VGTU Technika, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2020.723.

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The Old Town of Vilnius City is a valuable site included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. One of the most important tasks is to protect the area from noise, pollution, and vibration caused by transport. Currently, over 30,000 vehicles cross the Old Town core daily, most of which do not have a destination in the Old Town, and drivers only use a shorter route to connect within the city. To this purpose, the Vilnius City Municipality has developed a Loop Traffic Scheme in the Old Town of Vilnius, which allows only loop traffic, i.e. for entry/exit to/from a specific restricted area. The main purpose of the article is the discussion and evaluation of measures how the Old Town area can be returned to the people (i.e., pedestrians, cyclists, public transport) to minimize traffic flows and eliminate transit traffic. To achieve smart solutions and to open public spaces for Old Town residents and visitors, we compare different traffic organization and parking measures, analyse their efficiency. We propose integrating innovative technological solutions and smart tools (parking, ridesharing system, integrated pedestrian and bicycle routes, smart traffic control, etc.) by using the best practices of other cities. As a result, we propose the methodology for humanizing open spaces in the Old Town area and beyond.
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