Dissertations / Theses: 'Tourist information services'

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au, A. Schweda@murdoch edu, and Anika Schweda. "Interactive Television and Tourism Marketing WA to the UK Pleasure Travel Market through Interactive Television Applications." Murdoch University, 2004. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20050930.104954.

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As an information intensive industry and as one of the most progressive industries in information technology adoption, travel and tourism provides an ideal context in which to investigate how new technologies such as interactive television challenge our understanding of media and media use. This research looks at how interactive television can be used by consumers and how it may be best applied by marketers in international holiday travel. Using the UK international traveller market to Western Australia as case in point, this research had three main research goals: 1) to understand how travellers use information sources with a focus on interactive television; 2) how an individuals previous interactive media and travel experiences may pre-dispose them to using interactive television; and 3) to better understand why individuals interact and what impact the interaction has on the promotional effort. A travel ad and a travel show segment were used to explore these with impulse (brochure request) and telescopic (destination video) interactive opportunities. The treatments were deployed over a video-on-demand platform in greater London and participants took part in their homes via their televisions and a self administered questionnaire. This research has furthered the use of the multi-dimensional grid in understanding information sources in relationship to one another and updated the landscape with modern information sources such as television, teletext, the Internet and interactive television. Findings from this area of investigation suggest that current interactive television offerings cater better to short-haul destinations and although it currently plays a minor role, interactive television has the potential to significantly contribute to travellers long-haul holiday planning process. The finding that individuals understand interactive television through their experience with teletext rather than the Internet and are more likely to use interactive television if they are thorough and experienced planners supports the theory of knowledge transference. However, most importantly, if an individual has a positive experience with interactive television they will interact again in the future. Contributions were also made to a better understanding of the interactive television user and the use of interactive television applications to the travel and tourism industry in particular. Exploration of the differences between the Impulse and Telescopic approaches to interactivity highlighted that while interactivity generally enhances the promotional effort each approach has its own strategic applications.

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Berjawi, Bilal. "Integration of heterogeneous data from multiple location-based services providers : A use case on tourist points of interest." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEI072/document.

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Les fournisseurs de services géo-localisés (LBS) offrent des données textuelles et spatiales complémentaires, parfois incohérentes et imprécises, représentant les différents points d’intérêt (POI) sur un territoire donné. Ainsi, une même requête lancée auprès de divers fournisseurs de services touristiques peut donner des résultats différents et parfois incohérents, pour les attributs terminologiques et/ou les attributs spatiaux. De plus, chaque fournisseur utilise sa propre convention graphique pour représenter les POIs. L’intégration de ces données spatiales hétérogènes dans un contexte dynamique, large échelle, utilisant des sources incomplètes et de qualités variables est actuellement un verrou technologique. Dans ce travail de thèse, nous cherchons une solution à cette intégration aussi bien au niveau des données que de leur représentation
Location Based Services (LBS) had been involved to deliver relevant geospatial information based on a geographic position or address. The amount of geospatial data is constantly increasing, making it a valuable source of information for enriching LBS applications. However, these geospatial data are highly inconsistent and contradictory from one source to another. We assume that integrating geospatial data from several sources may improve the quality of information offered to users. In this thesis, we specifically focus on data representing Points of Interest (POIs) that tourists can get through LBS. Retrieving, matching and merging such geospatial entities lead to several challenges. We mainly focus on three main challenges including (i) detecting and merging corresponding entities across multiple sources and (ii) considering the uncertainty of integrated entities and their representation in LBS applications

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Hsieh, Ping-Ju. "Administration Service for the Tourist Information System (TIP)." The University of Waikato, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2478.

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The modern day tourists do not want to deal with the hassle of using a large number of travel guides and paper maps while travelling. They would prefer to be able to access required information via their mobile phones or Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs). We realise that the delivered information may be originally available in numerous information formats. To support the administrator of the tourist guides the programme is required to help sorting information from these different sources and to help inserting them into a system. Our goal with this project is to develop a software support for processing information import via a graphical user interface, to support the administrator in identifying and extracting the appropriate sight information from various resources. The interface also helps in transferring and storing the structured and unstructured data into the TIP database.

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Mofidian, Seyedehrashin. "Understanding Privacy Aspects Related to Location Based Services (LBS) in the Småland Tourism Industry." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för informatik (IK), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-99607.

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Digital technologies have a substantial impact on the tourism industry by affecting thetraveller's behaviour before, during and at the end of the trip and by transforming thetraditional travellers to the digital travellers and smart tourism. Data lies at the core ofall smart tourism activities and received considerable attention in the context of tourists'privacy concerns, precisely, location-based service (LBS). LBS is an example of smarttechnology to enhance travellers' experience and to provide significant benefits to users.Although, LBS become popular among tourists due to high information availability, easeof use, and cheapness, lack of location information protection make the users vulnerable.The latter is a great concern for users when they unintentionally allow the LBS providersto collect all information related to their location. Therefore, this study was conductedby focusing on the general concept of privacy to determine the issues related to the LBSusing in Småland tourism industry. The tourists' perceptions and understanding ofprivacy while using LBC were considered as a general concept of privacy.The study was performed through qualitative research by collecting data from thestructured-interview based on open-ended questions. The qualitative research presentedin this study was based on different viewpoints of interviewees. Thematic analysis wasused to obtain a comprehensive understanding of interviewees' privacy concerns to useLBS. The result indicated four major themes, such as personal information, privacybreach, hesitancy/conditionally and hedonic, that impact differently on tourists' intentionto use LBS. Furthermore, the personality of people, their perceptions and demands couldenhance their privacy concerns for using LBS. These concerns, however, might besuspended when the benefits of gaining information from LBS is considerable. Someother factors, such as the ease of use, user-friendly design, pleasant impression, alongwith providing useful information in the tourism destination, were also considered asessential for LBS adoption among tourists.

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Lucas, Cesário Pinho. "E-tourism information system for a specific region." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/3702.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Electrónica e Telecomunicações
No Turismo e concretamente para os Destinos Turísticos, o desenvolvimento de uma estratégia de E-Business permite reduzir a dependência de intermediários para a distribuição de produtos turísticos. Neste âmbito, oconceito de sistemas de gestão de destinos tem sido utilizado nos últimos anospara descrever a infra-estrutura em termos de tecnologias de informação e comunicação de uma organização de gestão de destinos. Por sua vez, a integração da Internet, Turismo e das Tecnologias de Informaçãoe Comunicação associadas ao comércio provocaram alterações no comportamento e na atitude do turista, uma vez que vieram permitir aosmesmos construírem a sua própria viagem, à sua medida, abandonando ospacotes tradicionais Tendo isto em vista, um Sistema de Informação de Suporte ao E-Business no turismo de uma região deverá permitir duma forma concisa divulgarinformação turística relativa a uma dada área de interesse. Efectuar reservas e contratualizar actividades tais como alojamento, transportes e animação devemser temas centrais. Permitir que o e-turista elabore o seu próprio pacote dinâmico com diferentes componentes à escolha e com apresentação do preçoem tempo real é uma mais-valia preciosa. No âmbito deste trabalho, pretende-se numa primeira fase estudar os conceitos ligados às diversas áreas de interesse e enquadrar o projecto nestas áreas. Numa segunda fase, é esperada a modelação dum sistema que responda às questões colocadas acima de modo integrado e que permita conhecer as basesde um sistema inovador de suporte ao E-Turismo. A implementação dum protótipo exploratório deverá validar os conceitos desenvolvidos.
In Tourism and specifically for Tourism Destinations, the development of an E-Business strategy allows the reduction of the intermediary dependency for thedistribution of tourism products. Following this, the concept of DestinationManagement System has been used to describe an infrastructure in terms of information and communication technology for a Destination Management Organization. The integration of Internet, Tourism and Information and CommunicationTechnologies associated with business brought changes in the behavior andattitude of tourists, thanks to the possibility for them to create their own trip,based on their likings, in contrast with the traditional static packages. Having this in mind, an E-Business Information System for supporting Tourism in a region should be able to provide touristic information about aselect area of interest. Making reservations and booking activities such aslodging, transports and cultural events should be fundamental procedures. Allowing the e-tourist to build his own dynamic package with differentcomponents while the price is automatically updated is a valuable bonus. In a first phase of this project, a general study of concepts linked to the variousareas of interest is expected along with the insertion of these concepts in the general objectives. In a second phase, the modulation of a system that respondsto these objectives in an innovative and functional manner is highly desired.The implementation of an exploratory prototype should enable the validationof the concepts developed.

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Karam, Roula. "Multi-providers location based services for mobile-tourism : a use case for location and cartographic integrations on mobile devices." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00694476.

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Les services géolocalisés (LBS) sont destinés à délivrer de l'information adéquate aux utilisateurs quelque soit le temps et l'endroit et ceci en se basant sur leur profil, contexte et position géographique. A travers n'importe quelle application dans ce domaine, par exemple m-tourisme, les utilisateurs souhaitent toujours recevoir une réponse rapide et précise en se déplaçant. Cependant, la qualité de service proposée par les fournisseurs cartographiques actuels (i.e. Google Maps, Bing, Yahoo Maps, Mappy ou Via Michelin) dépend de leurs données géographiques. En général, ces données sont stockées de plusieurs bases de données géographiques (BDG) dans le monde entier. D'autre part, le nombre croissant des différentes BDG couvrant la même zone géographique et la récupération des données/métadonnées non erronées pour un service quelconque, impliquent de nombreux raisonnements et de contrôles d'accès aux BDG afin de résoudre les ambiguïtés dues à la présence des objets homologues dupliqués sur l'écran mobile. Mon travail consiste à permettre cette intégration cartographique pour les applications mtourisme et ceci en récupérant les informations spatiales/non-spatiales (noms, positions géographiques, catégorie du service, détails sémantiques et symboles cartographiques) de plusieurs fournisseurs. Cependant, ceci peut conduire à visualiser des objets dupliqués pour le même point d'intérêt et causer des difficultés au niveau de la gestion des données. En outre, l'utilisateur sera dérouté par la présence de résultats multiples pour un même point. Donc, mon but ultime sera de générer automatiquement une carte unique intégrant plusieurs interfaces des fournisseurs sur laquelle les objets homologues seront intégrés avant de les visualiser sur l'écran mobile. Nos nouveaux concepts, basés sur certains algorithmes de fusion, sur l'ontologie pour assurer l'intégration au niveau sémantique et cartographique, sur l'orchestration des géo web services, sont implémentés dans des prototypes modulaires et évalués.

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Janušaitė, Indrė. "Turizmo informacinių paslaugų sistemos analizė viešajame sektoriuje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090120_140957-87374.

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Viešojo administravimo magistro baigiamojo darbo tema yra aktuali, kadangi Lietuvai įstojus į Europos Sąjungą vis svarbesnis šalies turizmo vaidmuo ne tik Europoje, bet ir kitose užsienio šalyse. Turizmo industrijos plėtra labai priklauso nuo informacinių paslaugų sistemos išvystymo, kuri skatina vietinį ir atvykstamąjį turizmą. Turizmo informacinių ir rinkodaros paslaugų plėtros išplėtojimą lemia ES struktūrinės paramos fondai, kurių dėka projektų įgyvendinimas yra būdas Lietuvos ir jos regionų mastu pagerinti viešąją turizmo infrastruktūrą. Spartėjant turizmo plėtrai ir turizmo informacijos sklaidai Lietuvoje, viena iš aktualių problemų yra viešosios turizmo informacinės infrastruktūros trūkumas Lietuvos regionuose. Tyrimo objektas – turizmo informacinių paslaugų sistema Lietuvoje ir užsienyje. Tyrimo tikslas – išanalizuoti turizmo informacinių paslaugų sistemą viešajame sektoriuje. Hipotezė: Lietuvos miestuose ir rajonuose nėra tinkamai išplėtota viešoji turizmo informacijos infrastruktūra. Tyrimo metodika: mokslinės literatūros analizė, teisinių dokumentų analizė, statistinių duomenų analizė, anketinė apklausa, interviu, SSGG analizė. Teisiniai dokumentai reglamentuoja turizmo informacinių paslaugų sistemos organizavimą bei viešųjų įstaigų, teikiančių informacines paslaugas, steigimą. Lietuvoje turizmas prasideda nuo nacionalinio turizmo, kur turi būti išvystytas vietos turizmas, skatinantis užsienio turistus atvykti į Lietuvą. Tačiau siekiant tai įgyvendinti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Master thesis on public administration is very relevant since Lithuania joined European Union and tourism is taking a more sizeable role not only in Europe but also in other foreign countries. The expansion of tourism industry depends on information service system development, which promotes local and international tourism. The development of tourism information and marketing services determines the size of received support from EU’s structural funds. Implementation of such projects is the way to develop the public tourism infrastructure of Lithuania and its regions. While tourism business is expanding together with information’s about tourism penetration the remaining problem is the lack of public tourism information infrastructure in Lithuania regions. Investigation object – tourism information service’s system in Lithuania and abroad. Investigation purpose – to analyse information services system of tourism in public sector. Hypothesis: public tourism information infrastructure in Lithuania cities and regions is not properly developed. Methodology of investigation: analysis of scientific literature, analysis of law documents, analysis of statistical data, questionnaire, interview, SWOT analysis. Documents of law regulate the organization of tourism information services system and establishment of public institutions’ which provide information services. Lithuania’s tourism starts from national tourism, where local tourism has to be developed and promoted to tourists from... [to full text]

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Gao, Xin. "A Service for Audio Icon and Audio Books in the Mobile Tourist Information System (TIP) via the Greenstone Digital Library." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2246.

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This project provides an audio notification about nearby tourism place to visit (named sight in this thesis), a chapter based Audio Books related to the current sight and involving Digital Library to provide text for the Audio Books for the Tourist Information Provider on a mobile device (TIP). The current system plays a background sound for the sight only when the system displays the specific information for that sight after user selects it. This has been improved to provide a notification by which to receive audios from the recommendation service, and then keep sending audio data to clients on real time. So users can know the sight nearby before they look at their screen. The limitation of current Audio Books is that it only provides Audio Books when the books start from the current sight. This problem is solved by providing a list of books that has any chapter related to that sight, and users can add them into a now-playing list. The Travel Planning Service has been involved to place the Audio Books chapters into the now-playing list based on the order of the visiting sight in their plan. The TIP/Greenstone Service, which can load particular text from Greenstone Digital Library into TIP, has been involved in this project to provide related chapter-based text for those Audio Books. The implemented prototype has been evaluated on effeteness and performance based on the purpose of this project. The result has been discussed to prove it has effectively solved the problem described above. Finally, the result of the experiment on distinguishing audio, and technology for implementation and audio transfers, has been left for future study.

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Hanzlíková, Blanka. "Hodnocení přínosu informačního centra pro podporu cestovního ruchu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192997.

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The Master's Thesis focuses on the ways of tourist information centres contribution to the support of the tourism. The analysis is demonstrated on the tourist information centre of CzechTourism. The chapters contain tourist information centre's activities, the information about the Association of Tourist Information Centres in the Czech Republic, about CzechTourism, basic facts about state-funded institutions and methods of effectiveness evaluating in the non-profit sector. The practical part provides knowledge about the activities of the information centre on the Old Town Square, assesses its present situation and its contribution to the tourism support.

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Nocanda, Xolani Wittleton. "Web-based business positioning : an investigation in the tourism industry." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/19797.

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Thesis (MBA) -- Stellenbosch University, 2011.
The use of the web-based technology to conduct business has been growing in many industries globally, this has been the case in the tourism industry. The growing popularity of the web-based technology can be attributed to the benefits it brings to the tourism industry. The study has look into the overall benefits brought by the web-based technology in the tourism industry and how it can be further exploited to benefit the organizations. The application of the web-based technology has included the introduction of the website. The website has given companies exposure to the global market and has been a platform for conducting marketing activities. The website has been used extensively in the tourism industry as a source of information. The website has enabled travel consumers purchase tourism products and services. Having a website may not be sufficient in meeting an organisation’s intended objectives. Many companies in the tourism industry are making use of the website, hence the use of website in search engines has become competitive. Companies need to implement website optimisation techniques to benefit both the travel suppliers and travel consumers. To conduct the organisations marketing activities successfully, the websites needs maximum exposure to the target audience. This can be achieved through the website design aimed at ensuring that the website is highly ranked by search engines. Added features like video, up to date information and photos add value to travel consumers. Through these features travel consumers are able to understand tourism products and services, and hence make informed decisions. The study has looked at the application of the web-based technology in four sectors of the tourism industry in South Africa. These are attraction, accommodation, tour operators and transport. Suppliers in each sector were selected for analysis and they are: - in attraction, Kruger National Park and Hluhluwe Game Reserve; - in accommodation, Hilton hotel and Southern Sun hotel; - in tour operator, Thompson Holiday and Tourvest; and - in transport, Kulula, South African Airways, Avis and Europcar. Suppliers in the tourism industry in South Africa were found to use the website for the following reasons: - Provides information about the organisation and its products and services. - Used as a marketing tool: The website is used to facilitate communication between the travel supplier and the travel consumer. It is also a platform to sell tourism products and services. - Used to enhance collaboration in the industry. Collaboration through websites has resulted in a better supply chain. Customers have been able to buy one package including the airline ticket, accommodation and car hire using one website. - Used to conduct business transactions: Customers have been able to make bookings and reservations and payments through the website. - Used to attract customers to the organisation’s products and services. Attractive features such as photos and videos have been included in the website. The Safari Company is a tour operator in South Africa. Using web-based technology; the company has changed its business model to be able to serve its customers better. The company has developed a new website that adds value to both travel suppliers and travel consumers. Travel suppliers are able to market their services and products through the website. The website provides travel consumers with the latest information and expert advice in tourism products in the Southern and Eastern Africa. The Safari Company website has been a platform for the company to communicate its social responsibility with the global community. The Safari Company donates 10% of its revenue to an organization called Touch the Land. Touch the Land is a foundation that implements projects in Southern and Eastern Africa aimed at poverty alleviation.

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Cortesi, Daniele. "Un web service per applicazioni di gamification degli itinerari turistici." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/9101/.

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La gamification e il marketing di prossimità si stanno affermando come strategie sempre più efficaci per attrarre e fidelizzare il pubblico grazie anche alla grande diffusione degli smartphone che sono ormai alla portata di tutti e all'avanzamento tecnologico degli ultimi anni. Diversi studi ne testimoniano l'importanza e mostrano come le risposte dei consumatori all'utilizzo di queste tecniche siano molto positive, prestando attenzione però a non violare la privacy facendo uso improprio o non esplicitato della posizione dell'utente. La tesi propone un nuovo strumento che applica questi concetti al turismo trasformando gli itinerari in percorsi a premi, che sono interamente stabiliti dagli operatori. Così si associa a quella che sarebbe una classica visita a luoghi e monumenti un momento divertente di gioco che in più offre vantaggi economici.

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Vaitkevičiūtė, Asta. "Turizmo paslaugų kokybės poveikis jų konkurencingumui (VŠĮ „Kelmės turizmo ir verslo informacijos centras“ pavyzdžiu)." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090602_090503-48917.

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Turizmo paslaugų kokybės poveikis jų konkurencingumui. Sunku įvertinti nuostolius, patiriamus dėl blogos kokybės. Tai papildomos išlaidos klaidoms taisyti, darbo laiko dėl blogo procesų organizavimo švaistymas ir, žinoma, galimybių praradimas, įmonės reputacijos blogėjimas, klientų praradimas. Nuostolių dėl blogos kokybės eliminavimas yra galimybė sumažinti paslaugos kūrimo bei teikimo išlaidas ir pasiekti didesnį veiklos efektyvumą. Didėjantis turizmo verslo vaidmuo tiek pasaulio, tiek šalies ekonomikoje verčia naujai pergalvoti šios ekonomikos šakos svarbą ir vaidmenį šalies ekonominiame augime ir pasverti, ar viskas yra daroma iš turizmo organizatorių pusės, kad būtų adekvačiai atsakyta į globaliniu mastu keliamą iššūkį toliau efektyviai plėtoti šį verslą ir maksimaliai išnaudoti jo teikiamas galimybes šalies gerovei kelti. Lietuvoje turizmo informacijos centruose vis dar pasitaiko įvairių nemalonių netikėtumų, dėl kurių turizmo informacijos centrų klientai vis dar nesulaukia jiems norimų – kokybiškų paslaugų. Turizmas yra itin plati sritis, todėl turizmo informacijos centro darbuotojams yra tikras iššūkis ne tik žinoti, bet ir perteikti šalies kultūrą, apgyvendinimo bei transporto galimybes, turizmo išteklius ir jų ypatumus bei daug kitos informacijos, todėl kokybiškos turizmo informacijos teikimas – tai nauja galimybė įgyvendinti klientų lūkesčius bei poreikius ir prisidėti prie Lietuvos turizmo plėtros. Šio darbo tikslas - išanalizuoti ir įvertinti VšĮ „Kelmės turizmo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The influence of tourism service quality to competitiveness. It is difficult to evaluate losses, suffered due to bad quality. This means extra expenses to correct the mistakes, wasting time due to inappropriate processing of work organization and losing opportunities and decreasing the enterprise image and loss of customers. The elimination of losses, caused by bad quality, means lower expenses of making a service and achieving better effectiveness of the work. The increasing importance of the tourism business in the world and country markets, makes us re-think the role of this business and ensure that everything is done to continue its spread effectively and maximize the use of its opportunities in the global world to improve the life quality. Customers of Lithuanian tourism information centers still face the different matters of inappropriate service quality. Tourism is a very wide field, so the employees of these Centers have to have the abilities to convey the country culture, accommodation and transport possibilities, tourism resources and their uniqueness and plenty of other information. So, the good quality services may help to implement the expectations and needs and contribute to the spread of Lithuania tourism. The goal of this works is to analyze and evaluate the Public Institution „Kelme Tourism and Business Information Centre“ services, define the improvement methods and possibilities of increasing its competitiveness. The tasks of this work are: describe the... [to full text]

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Kapačinskaitė, Rūta. "Lietuvos turizmo informacijos centrų marketinginės veiklos analizė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080618_115819-91936.

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Tyrimo problema: kaip įvertinti marketingo taikymo galimybes turizmo informacijos centruose. Tyrimo metodai: mokslinės literatūros analizė naudojama ir anketinė apklausa. Tyrimo tikslas – išanalizuoti marketingo taikymo ypatumus turizmo informacijos centruose. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti marketingo suvokimą bei taikymo galimybes turizmo informacijos centre remiantis: • vadovų įvertinimais; • darbuotojų, dirbančių pagal darbo sutartį, įvertinimais; • respondentų, savo pareigas turizmo informacijos centre nurodžiusių kaip „kita“ vertinimu. 2. Nustatyti marketingo principų bei reikšmės skirtingose įstaigos valdymo funkcijose galimybes remiantis: • vadovų įvertinimais; • darbuotojų, dirbančių pagal darbo sutartį, įvertinimais; • respondentų, savo pareigas turizmo informacijos centre nurodžiusių kaip „kita“ vertinimu. 3. Nustatyti marketingo taikymo svarbą planuojant, kuriant kokybišką paslaugą, analizuojant vaidmenį skirtingose turizmo informacijos centro paskirtyse, remiantis: • vadovų įvertinimais; �� darbuotojų, dirbančių pagal darbo sutartį, įvertinimais; • respondentų, savo pareigas turizmo informacijos centre nurodžiusių kaip „kita“ vertinimu. 4. Nustatyti kaip skiriamos lėšos įgyvendinant marketingą, kaip ir kas įgyvendina marketingą turizmo informacijos centre, ar siekia tobulėti remiantis: • vadovų įvertinimais; • darbuotojų, dirbančių pagal darbo sutartį, įvertinimais; • respondentų, savo pareigas turizmo informacijos centre nurodžiusių kaip „kita“ vertinimu.
Scientific problem: how to estimate the application of marketing possibilities in tourism information centres. Research methods: analysis of scientific literature and inquiry. Aim of research – analyse the peculiarities of application of marketing in tourism information centres. Goals of research: 1. To define the conception of marketing and its possibilities of application in tourism information centres while sustaining: • estimations of the chiefs; • estimations of the workers; • estimations other respondents of tourism information centres‘ staff. 2. To define the possibilities of marketing guidelines and import in different managing function of the institution while sustaining: • estimations of the chiefs; • estimations of the workers; • estimations other respondents of tourism information centres‘ staff. 3. To define the importance of application of marketing while planning, producing product of high quality, analysing the role in different tourism information missions while sustaining: • estimations of the chiefs; • estimations of the workers; • estimations other respondents of tourism information centres‘ staff. 4. To define how the allocation is used while implementing marketing, who and how implements the marketing in tourism information centres, whether seeks for improvement while sustaining: • estimations of the chiefs; • estimations of the workers; • estimations other respondents of tourism information centres‘ staff.

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Alatawy, Khald. "Consumer search behaviour and adoption of online booking of travel services in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/11391.

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The main aim of this study was to investigate current search behaviour among Saudi consumers of travel services, to establish their attitudes towards, and adoption of online search and booking processes. It also aimed to explore current experiences within travel agencies of the adoption of online booking systems in the Saudi Arabian market. The study relied on a multi-method research design, with a focus on using both qualitative and quantitative data across three sequentially organised phases of data collection. Phase one centred on in-depth interviews with Saudi travel agents; phase two adopted a combined approach, using observation and semi-structured interviews, with a focus on getting a comprehensive insight into Saudi consumer search behaviour. In phase three, the researcher undertook a survey of internet adoption and search behaviour with a cross-section of Saudi consumers, located in the UK (N=481). Findings from the first phase demonstrated that Saudi Arabian travel firms continue to rely on offline booking methods and have been relatively slow to adopt online systems. Key factors influencing the adoption of online travel booking technology included attitudinal and cultural factors and an absence of customer trust, security and privacy. The second phase results indicated that information search and evaluation emerged as a single highly integrated process, however behavioural elements within the process varied across individuals, according to their search strategy and level of prior experience. In phase three, the key relationships in the conceptual model were examined, notably the relationship between search constructs and purchase intention. Only a few past studies have examined information search and evaluation in relation to purchase in emerging markets. This study offers a more in-depth perspective on search intention and information search and evaluation in the pre-purchase stage for online travel products. Key insights have emerged on the nature of the relationship between search intention, information search and evaluation and purchase intention through the development of a more comprehensive conceptual framework than in prior studies. The qualitative research demonstrated a) how search ability and search strategies were reflective of confident and well-established search behaviour on the part of Saudi consumers and b) gender and regional variations c) that the nature of information search and evaluation is shaped by behavioural differences at an individual consumer level. The study also offers a deeper understanding of the challenging perceptions that exist with regards to the slow adoption of online travel processes among Saudi Arabian travel firms.

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Papathanassis, Alexis. "Post-merger integration and the management of information and communication systems : an analytical framework and its application in tourism /." Wiesbaden : Dt. Univ.-Verl, 2004. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015200031&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Ab, Hamid Noor Raihan. "An Assessment of the Internet's Potential in Enhancing Consumer Relationships." [Melbourne : Victoria University], 2006. http://eprints.vu.edu.au/524/1/01front.pdf.

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Motivated by the belief, 'to serve existing consumers costs less than acquiring new consumers', firms' marketing strategies then evolve around retaining consumers and building long-term consumer relationships. In the pursuit of acquiring consumer loyalty, enhancing consumer value has been the focus of many firms' relationship building efforts. Hence, this study aims to understand the affect of using the Internet as a relationship marketing tool on consumer retention as well as the determinants of online consumer satisfaction affecting loyalty and retention. Although there are many factors affecting the implementation of 'E-CRM', that is companies' CRM initiatives on the Internet channel; this study focuses on examining consumer perceptions towards the constituents of building online consumer relationships. Adopting a positivist approach, this research asks the following major questions: 1) How are online consumer satisfaction, loyalty and retention constructed?, and 2) How does the use of Internet technology in CRM influence the satisfaction, loyalty and retention of consumers? Data for this research were collected through questionnaire survey on Internet users in major cities of Malaysia and were analyzed using statistical techniques namely, descriptive, Structural Equation Modeling and Multivariate Analysis of Variance. The results from this study reveal that the use of Internet in building consumer relationships affects consumer satisfaction, loyalty and retention. The effectiveness of E-CRM program determines the level of which online features, such as customer service efficiency, ease of navigation, information quality, personalization and online community would be implemented on firms' Web sites. In addition, older and welleducated users, more experienced as well as users who are involved in higher risk activities, such as online banking tend to be less tolerant. Hence, these groups of consumers seek superior quality of services from online service providers. This research contributes to knowledge in several ways. Most importantly, it demonstrates the roles of Internet technology pertinent in enhancing consumer values leading to long-term consumer relationships. In particular, this research highlights the critical dimensions of E-CRM program, which firms should invest in their consumer retention strategies. While repeat visits do not necessarily reflect consumer loyalty and commitment to a Web site, this research advocates that when salient elements of building consumer relationships exist, service providers are more likely to improve satisfaction and gain consumer loyalty. As indicated in the E-CRM model, firms' relationship marketing strategies should focus on identifying varying consumer expectations of service quality based on demographics, consumer level of experience with Internet technology and perceived risk.

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Liu, Yongli. "The current situation Chinese third-party logistics companies are facing - an exploratory study : 112.889 (120 credits) thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Applied Science (MApplSc) in Logistics and Supply Chain Management at Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand." Massey University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/969.

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The fast development of the Chinese economy has brought tremendous impact on the growth of logistics industry in the country. China has become the hottest market for both Chinese and foreign third-party logistics companies (3PL providers), and more and more foreign and domestic 3PL providers are being involved in the Chinese logistics industry. To understand the current situation Chinese third-party logistics companies are facing and the competitive strategies they are pursuing, an exploratory investigation was conducted in the study. A multiple case-study approach was adopted as the main strategy and guidance for the study. Under the principle of multiple case studies, multiple instruments (questionnaire, telephone interviews and archive searching) were used in the data collection among three selected case study companies. Also, within-case analysis and cross-case analysis were chosen as the overall framework of data analysis, and content analysis was selected as the main method for qualitative data analysis. Through investigating a variety of aspects of the three case study 3PL companies, the study has identified that all the case study companies have established country-wide logistics networks, have provided customers a range of logistics services, and have adopted different information technology systems in their operations. All the case study companies have achieved constant increase in their sales in recent years. Generally, the competition in the Chinese 3PL industry is fierce, and sometimes chaotic, unfair, and even illegal. Foreign 3PL providers have been considered as major competitor by Chinese 3PL providers. All the case study companies have developed and pursued a number of competitive strategies to gain competitive advantages in both cost and service. The main competitive strategies addressed include distribution network developing strategy, information technological strategy, and long-term partnership strategy.

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Bewsell, Denise. "Determining individuals' response to New Zealand biosecurity : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters [i.e. Master] of Commerce and Management at Lincoln University /." Lincoln University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1412.

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The effectiveness of biosecurity measures at national borders is influenced by the behaviour of individuals. One influence on the behaviour of individuals is level of involvement. Involvement is the importance or relevance of an object or situation to an individual. Involvement helps regulate the way in which people receive and process information and thus influences the extent of information searching for decision making, information processing and persuasion. A second area of influence on individuals is the way in which information is framed. Framing influences the persuasiveness of communications. In this study the concept of involvement was used to investigate the response of individuals to New Zealand biosecurity requirements and the response of individuals to differently framed biosecurity information. A range of people associated with the agricultural and food processing sectors were surveyed using a five item scale of involvement to measure their level of involvement in biosecurity. The results indicated that most respondents had medium to high levels of involvement. This implies that respondents were motivated to attend to and process information on biosecurity measures. However, not all respondents reported taking note of biosecurity information implying that involvement with biosecurity prompts some initial information processing which may or may not continue over time. Respondents were also asked to rate four postcards, each designed with a different message strategy. Individuals with high involvement indicated that the postcard with the negatively framed emotion/entertainment message strategy was most persuasive. The results indicate that specifically targeting information to individuals based on their level of involvement in biosecurity may increase compliance with biosecurity measures.

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Marr, Shuna A. "Work process knowledge in Scottish visitor attractions." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/254.

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Work process knowledge (WPK) is a concept for systems-level knowledge of the workplace and has been shown to be most important in organisations requiring multi-functional working. Most of the previous body of knowledge on WPK has focussed mainly on manufacturing industries; there has been less investigation of WPK in the service sector and none in the visitor attraction (VA) industry, an important employer in Scotland. The VA industry is extremely dynamic and many businesses are rapidly moving towards multi-functional team working, driven by an urgent need to develop quality, customer-focussed strategies to survive in an over-supplied and very competitive market. This study identifies the nature of WPK in Scottish VAs, what relationship WPK has to customer service, how WPK in this service sector differs from selected published studies in manufacturing and other service sector contexts and what factors affect the development of WPK in VAs. Following recruitment of a number of VAs using an online questionnaire and subsequent site visits, six sites were selected for case study, on the basis that they demonstrated most evidence of multi-functional working and staff with developed WPK. The research design was comparative case studies of the work processes and knowledge within these six VAs, based on a social constructivist framework, using the methods of key informant interviews and shadowing. Although these six sites represent a cross-spread of attractions in terms of types, location and size, they nonetheless show strong similarities in their basic business structure. The data show that WPK is an essential element of workers’ roles and a vital requirement in providing good customer service. Although VA managers do not use the term ‘work process knowledge’, they nonetheless recognise the importance of having staff with a wider view of their business and are actively encouraging its rapid development. Multi-functionality and job rotation are main ways of developing WPK but sites also use key workers with job roles that help develop high levels of WPK, who are then used as a staff resource. The main factor contributing to the development of WPK is communication, especially of systems-level information. Cultural information-sharing is an essential pre-condition for the development of WPK in this context. Other determining factors are flexibility, employee biographies, seasonality issues, how weddings and functions are handled on-site and the size and complexity of the site. WPK is the foundation on which good customer service is based and elements of it deliver customer service. It is the closely integrated nature of the employee-customer relationship that has such a profound effect on WPK development in this service sector industry and is essentially what differentiates it from previously published studies. The identification of the customer as a hitherto unrecognised key driver of WPK is the most important contribution to knowledge made by this work.

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Sutters, Justin Peter. "Taking Place and Mapping Space: How Pre-Service Art Education Students’ Visual Narratives of Field Experiences in Urban/Inner-City Schools Reveal a Spatial Knowing of Place." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1345065866.

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Chen, Qing. "An Empirical analysis of the effects of market response to bank loan announcements in the Hong Kong stock market." Diss., Lincoln University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1205.

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This study will validate several key results from previous studies of bank loan announcement effects by using the data from Hong Kong market following the 1997 Asian crisis. Banks are believed to play a unique role in financial market which could effectively reduce the problem of information asymmetry and moral hazard. Banks could access borrowers’ inside information which is not available to other participants. Thus bank loan announcements convey valuable information to the market, and market response of the stock price should be positive. However, because of the significant reform in both financial market and information market, the valuation of bank loan announcement conveyed need to be reconsidered. This study investigates whether banks are still “unique” in the financial market or whether they are like middlemen between borrowers and investors. Data used in this study is collected from the Hong Kong Stock Exchange Index, and a standard event study with the market model is applied in the research to conduct the empirical analysis. The results suggest bank loan announcements are associated with significantly higher positive abnormal returns than non-bank loan announcements. Based on the market model of event study, market response is found to be significantly positive for loan syndication, short maturity loan and borrower’s debt ratio, and negatively related to firm size and loan size. Bank loans with refinancing and capital expenditure and no specific purpose have significantly higher positive abnormal returns, and borrowers with property and industrial industry type have more significant positive abnormal returns compared to other industry type. The findings also suggest the Hong Kong stock market is efficient in both strong and semi-strong form for bank loan announcements. A strong evidence of information leakage problem is found for non-bank loan announcements. The results are generally consistent with the existing literature.

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HALVOVÁ, Monika. "Návrh na vytvoření turistického informačního centra v obci Tři Studně v CHKO Žďárské vrchy." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-156544.

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The aim of the thesis was a proposal to form a tourist information center and its location in the village of Tři Studně. Based on the analysis of supply and demand of the tourist destination offers a service that will provide visitors information center. For tourist information center have been proposed two alternatives. The first draft took advantage of the current meeting room of the Municipal Office at Tři Studně without modification, and it only added new equipment and technology . The second proposal is already associated with structural modifications of the room. Tři Studně are due to its abundant natural potential tourists visited in the summer and winter months. It forms one of the most Important Recreational Areas in Vysočina. Tři Studně in the TIC will be one of the most important elements of marketing communication of the village and its vicinity.

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Lin, Ya-Min, and 林雅敏. "A Study of Quasi-iCenter tourism information service performance." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48fd86.

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碩士
國立高雄師範大學
成人教育研究所-組織發展與領導班
102
The “Quasi-iCenter–iTravel Guides” was the result of the cooperation between Kaohsiung City Government and 7-ELEVEn, which offers the widest distribution and comprehensive facilities. The government budget was unable to provide a friendlier tourism service environment for Meinong, which was selected the top ten tourist towns. Through in-depth interviews and a statistical analysis on 153 valid questionnaires, this study found that, in addition to their business concept and corporate social responsibility, 7-ELEVEn is voluntarily dedicated to this cooperation to combine the abilities of public sectors and the general public, promote community tourism, improve opportunities for local industries, and enhance performance for the stores. According to the questionnaire analysis, the overall service quality of iTravel Guides scored an average of 4.036, reaching medium-high satisfaction. Question items related to travellers’ concern with the modernization of iTravel Guides showed below-average emphasis and satisfaction scores. The researchers suggested that iTravel Guides, which were different from iCenter, were not dedicated equipment for tourism information service. The low emphasis and satisfaction for Quasi-iCenter hardware was acceptable for 7-ELEVEn’s high brand identity. Moreover, the store clerks, who were the tourist ambassadors for “iTravel Guides”, should be acknowledged for their efforts. From the descriptive statistics of this study, ranked one to eight were the core resources of the overall performance of Quasi-iCenter. Besides, from the analysis of Pearson product-moment correlation, the dimensions of service amiability, professional reliability and visible service together with four variables of overall satisfaction were medium relation with overall satisfaction. This meant that the higher tourists concerned about iTravel Guides, the higher they satisfied with it. Kaohsiung City Government has advertised iTravel Guides as first of its kind in Taiwan. After analyzing the cognitive differences in the average emphasis and satisfaction of all items in the three dimensions, service amiability showed the smallest difference, demonstrating that the tourists did not emphasize facilities of iTravel Guides. Therefore, we suggest that prospective evaluation should separate the service questionnaire surveys between iCenter and Quasi-iCenter to avoid affecting the entire research results. Finally, the results provide practical and academic suggestions and could serve as a future reference for managers.

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Chen, Wen-Hsiang, and 陳文祥. "Using ARIS and UML for designing medical tourism service information system." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44409151305922492477.

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碩士
國立中央大學
工業管理研究所
100
Considering rapidly changing global industry and competitive environment, the operating speed and information systems seems to have become the key factor for the competitiveness of enterprises today. For responding to a variety of customer requirements, importing information system processes often need to be adjusted. Information systems are different each other according to each company’s situation, the concepts are complex and they are numerous. Particularly among them, ARIS (Architecture of Integrated Information Systems) and UML(Unified Modeling Language) are well-known and efficient. ARIS affected areas are far-reaching and extend to overall enterprise, UML unified standard as a bridge of communication, so far we are already known that we can use EPC (Event-driven Process Chain) diagram to develop the related diagram of the UML: Use case diagram、state diagram and activity diagram…and so on. The EPC process approach is a fairly complete model which is based on the concepts of object-oriented design; there are many instances with the industry and abundance of researches on this method, coupled with the UML has been a corporate IT communication between the bridge, with a constantly updated standards and consistent language, the information workers almost can understand the questions and needed functions by the diagram. For the reason, this study will link this two tools, comparing to their advantages and disadvantages for designing a medical tourism service information system. And we compare EPC and Activity diagram with different angles, explaining their applicability. In the end, we do a simple comparison with previous research and this study. Based on continuity of ideas, a cornerstone of further research, we hope this study may inspire better ideas and innovations.

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Chiao, Huei-Ming, and 喬惠明. "Research On User Impact Factors Of Virtual Tourism Information Service Design." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/y26v43.

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博士
大同大學
設計科學研究所
107
The tourism industry has a great market value, and the content appeal of the tourism information service has become one of the factors that attract tourists. An in-depth and interesting introduction to local cultural materials and local allusions will bring more online or physical visitors to the attraction. Rapid development can adapt to the high-quality information services of different equipment, can promote the freshness and goodwill of tourism information services, and will achieve substantial results in inheriting cultural heritage. First, this study uses agile development methods to design virtual reality guide platforms. Based on the theme of attractions and tourism factory in northern Taiwan, this study designed a variety of multimedia navigation content for a single theme, and combined with a number of theme to build the information service platform needed for this research. Applying the concept of Component-Based Software Engineering and game-based learning to the design of digital tourism information service content. This study try to establish a new tourism information service content development model. In addition, the cultural tourism is combined with 3D VR/AR technology to produce the indoor 3D interactive culture guiding results, which can be viewed on the web and hand devices. Then analyze the learning outcomes and user behaviors of the content designed by this information service platform. A total of 391 students from a University of Science and Technology in Taiwan was participated in this study. The results of the research so far indicate that the content of this platform has a learning effect. In terms of user's technical acceptance, this study is based on the integrated technology acceptance model（UTAUT）to increase interactivity as an external variable to understand the impact of interactivity on user intent and behavior in multimedia tourism information design. It has been found that the design of the digital navigation platform and the combination of fashion and news can make the learning of the original English that is not noticed can also improve the learning effect.Not only can virtual reality be realistically presenting attractions and sightseeing factories, but also an unforgettable and worthwhile experience.

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Yin, Chung-Shun, and 殷重順. "To construct Donghe Township Tourism Information Platform Service Mode with Cloud System." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/y48db7.

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碩士
國立臺東大學
進修部環境經濟資管碩專(假日)
106
The purpose of this study is to construct a cloud-based travel information platform in Donghe Township, Taitung County. The cloud-based travel information platform is established through the Google Cloud system platform and Google App Engine cloud service platform to provide instant travel information platform services. The system includes a simple operating interface, visualized to share and provide information on travel related information. Through the cloud service platform can make sharing travel information easy and rich.

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CHEN, JAU-TING, and 陳昭庭. "The Application of Kano Model and QFD in the Improvement of Tourism Promotion and Transportation Information Service in Penghu Visitor Center－Base on Domestic Tourists." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/v47w66.

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碩士
國立高雄海洋科技大學
航運管理研究所
105
Meet the tourist on the different needs of travel information and consulting traffic-related information services in the Penghu Visitor Center is an important task, therefore the service quality in the Penghu Visitor Center cannot be ignored, especially from the past literature that the service quality and satisfaction of the passengers, there is a close correlation, this paper will study the Penghu Visitor Center service quality. In this study, first focus on the importance and satisfaction on the service quality provided by the Penghu Visitor Center base on domestic tourists' understanding. And then through the Kano model to analyze the Penghu Visitor Center service attributes, to understand the Penghu Visitor Center service quality characteristics. Final integrating Kano model with Quality-function deployment (QFD) analysis found the service quality improvement priorities in Penghu Visitor Center. By the Kano model analysis the Penghu Visitor Center service quality. There are 12 item in "one-dimensional quality element", improve this part of the service quality, tourist satisfaction will increase; the contrary, the satisfaction will be reduced. So the Penghu Visitor Center must be given more resources to enhance satisfaction of tourists. 8 items in "must-be quality element", which is considered essential service for tourists. Therefore, the Penghu Visitor Center should maintain this part of the service quality to a considerable level of service to avoid displeasure and complaints from tourists. 3 items in “indifferent quality element", this part of the service the tourists are difficult to understand the difference of their expectations and the actual experience. So the Penghu Visitor Center can reduce the resources invested in this part of the service, and the allocation of resources to other services. Finally, in the results of QFD, the top five of the service quality of technical projects should be given priority as below: "Marketing promotion", "Providing immediate and online information", "Handing visitor comments and communication", "Professional knowledge training" and "Volunteer service system". To improve these five items will enhance the satisfaction of tourists to the Penghu Visitor Center.

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TERČOVÁ, Veronika. "Využití finančních prostředků ze zdrojů Evropské unie, jako faktor rozvoje cestovního ruchu v Ústeckém regionu." Master's thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-48160.

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This work analyzes the possibility of using financial resources from European Union{\crq}s funds for benefit of tourism development in Ústí nad Labem region and the range of their present application. It evaluates, according to shortened programme period, the role of district authorities and chosen municipalities as applicants for grants and supporters to other applicants. Attention is also paid to relationships between municipalities and tourist information centers, which are important subject in the process of passing information to tourists and visitors.

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"Multi-modal response generation." 2006. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5892807.

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Wong Ka Ho.
Thesis submitted in: October 2005.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 163-170).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Abstract --- p.2
Acknowledgements --- p.5
Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.10
Chapter 1.1 --- Multi-modal and Multi-media --- p.10
Chapter 1.2 --- Overview --- p.11
Chapter 1.3 --- Thesis Goal --- p.13
Chapter 1.4 --- Thesis Outline --- p.15
Chapter 2 --- Background --- p.16
Chapter 2.1 --- Multi-modal Fission --- p.17
Chapter 2.2 --- Multi-modal Data collection --- p.21
Chapter 2.2.1 --- Collection Time --- p.21
Chapter 2.2.2 --- Annotation and Tools --- p.21
Chapter 2.2.3 --- Knowledge of Multi-modal Using --- p.21
Chapter 2.3 --- Text-to-audiovisual Speech System --- p.22
Chapter 2.3.1 --- Different. Approaches to Generate a Talking Heading --- p.23
Chapter 2.3.2 --- Sub-tasks in Animating a Talking Head --- p.25
Chapter 2.4 --- Modality Selection --- p.27
Chapter 2.4.1 --- Rules-based approach --- p.27
Chapter 2.4.2 --- Plan-based approach --- p.28
Chapter 2.4.3 --- Feature-based approach --- p.29
Chapter 2.4.4 --- Corpus-based approach --- p.30
Chapter 2.5 --- Summary --- p.30
Chapter 3 --- Information Domain --- p.31
Chapter 3.1 --- Multi-media Information --- p.31
Chapter 3.2 --- "Task Goals, Dialog Acts, Concepts and Information Type" --- p.32
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Task Goals and Dialog Acts --- p.32
Chapter 3.2.2 --- Concepts and Information Type --- p.36
Chapter 3.3 --- User's Task and Scenario --- p.37
Chapter 3.4 --- Chapter Summary --- p.38
Chapter 4 --- Multi-modal Response Data Collection --- p.41
Chapter 4.1 --- Data Collection Setup --- p.42
Chapter 4.1.1 --- Multi-modal Input Setup --- p.43
Chapter 4.1.2 --- Multi-modal Output Setup --- p.43
Chapter 4.2 --- Procedure --- p.45
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Precaution --- p.45
Chapter 4.2.2 --- Recording --- p.50
Chapter 4.2.3 --- Data Size and Type --- p.50
Chapter 4.3 --- Annotation --- p.52
Chapter 4.3.1 --- Extensible Multi-Modal Markup Language --- p.52
Chapter 4.3.2 --- "Mobile, Multi-biometric and Multi-modal Annotation" --- p.53
Chapter 4.4 --- Problems in the Wizard-of-Oz Setup --- p.56
Chapter 4.4.1 --- Lack of Knowledge --- p.57
Chapter 4.4.2 --- Time Deficiency --- p.57
Chapter 4.4.3 --- Information Availability --- p.58
Chapter 4.4.4 --- Operation Delay --- p.59
Chapter 4.4.5 --- Lack of Modalities --- p.59
Chapter 4.5 --- Data Optimization --- p.61
Chapter 4.5.1 --- Precaution --- p.61
Chapter 4.5.2 --- Procedures --- p.61
Chapter 4.5.3 --- Data Size in Expert Design Responses --- p.63
Chapter 4.6 --- Analysis and Discussion --- p.65
Chapter 4.6.1 --- Multi-modal Usage --- p.67
Chapter 4.6.2 --- Modality Combination --- p.67
Chapter 4.6.3 --- Deictic term --- p.68
Chapter 4.6.4 --- Task Goal and Dialog Acts --- p.71
Chapter 4.6.5 --- Information Type --- p.72
Chapter 4.7 --- Chapter Summary --- p.74
Chapter 5 --- Text-to-Audiovisual Speech System --- p.76
Chapter 5.1 --- Phonemes and Visemes --- p.77
Chapter 5.2 --- Three-dimensional Facial Animation --- p.82
Chapter 5.2.1 --- Three-dimensional (3D) Face Model --- p.82
Chapter 5.2.2 --- The Blending Process for Animation --- p.84
Chapter 5.2.3 --- Connectivity between Visemes --- p.85
Chapter 5.3 --- User Perception Experiments --- p.87
Chapter 5.4 --- Applications and Extension --- p.89
Chapter 5.4.1 --- Multilingual Extension and Potential Applications --- p.89
Chapter 5.5 --- Talking Head in Multi-modal Dialogue System --- p.90
Chapter 5.5.1 --- Prosody --- p.93
Chapter 5.5.2 --- Body Gesture --- p.94
Chapter 5.6 --- Chapter Summary --- p.94
Chapter 6 --- Modality Selection and Implementation --- p.98
Chapter 6.1 --- Multi-modal Response Examples --- p.98
Chapter 6.1.1 --- Single Concept-value Example --- p.99
Chapter 6.1.2 --- Two Concept-values with Different Information Types --- p.102
Chapter 6.1.3 --- Multiple Concept-values with Same Information Types Example --- p.103
Chapter 6.2 --- Heuristic Rules for Modality Selection --- p.105
Chapter 6.2.1 --- General Principles --- p.106
Chapter 6.2.2 --- Heuristic rules --- p.107
Chapter 6.2.3 --- Temporal Coordination for Synchronization --- p.109
Chapter 6.2.4 --- Physical Layout --- p.110
Chapter 6.2.5 --- Deictic Term --- p.111
Chapter 6.2.6 --- Example --- p.111
Chapter 6.3 --- Spoken Content Generation --- p.113
Chapter 6.4 --- Chapter Summary --- p.115
Chapter 7 --- Conclusions and Future Work --- p.117
Chapter 7.1 --- Summary --- p.117
Chapter 7.2 --- Contributions --- p.118
Chapter 7.3 --- Future work --- p.119
Chapter A --- XML Schema for M3 Markup Language --- p.123
Chapter B --- M3ML Examples --- p.128
Chapter C --- Domain-Specific Task Goals in the Hong Kong Tourism Do- main --- p.131
Chapter D --- Dialog Acts for User Request in the Hong Kong Tourism Do- main --- p.133
Chapter E --- Dialog Acts for System Response in the Hong Kong Tourism Domain --- p.137
Chapter F --- Information Type and Concepts --- p.141
Chapter G --- Concepts --- p.143
Bibliography --- p.149

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Huang, Xiaotie. "Development of a map service." 2007. http://adt.waikato.ac.nz/public/adt-uow20070424.104738/index.html.

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Jang, Shao-Rung, and 張少榮. "The Relation of Service Quality、Satisfaction and Tourist Afterward Intension-The Case of the Visitor Information Centre of Taipei." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41117061166969113900.

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碩士
國立臺北大學
企業管理學系
93
Tourism will be the most important industry to influence Taiwan’s economy in the future. Therefore Taiwan’s government hopes to double up the foreign tourist by the years of 2008. To reach the goal of “double up ” Taiwan’s government has been setting a numbers of Visitor Information Centres（VICs）in several important traffic hub to provide up-to-date tourism information. VICs play a signification role on tourism promotion in some countries. VIC can influence the behavior of tourists to purchase more and stay longer. But few studies VIC in Taiwan. The main purposes of this research are fourfold: The first one is to develop the measurement to evaluate the service quality of VICs in Taiwan and examine that actually. The second is to understand the relation of tourist satisfaction, behavior intention and VICs’ service quality. The third one is to study weather different characteristics of tourist would rate service quality differently. The last one is to find out the service quality level of the VICs in Taipei. The research based on the SERVQUAL which established by Parasuraman et al.（1988）and the opinions of the experts in related fields to develop the service quality measurement of VIC. The service quality measurement was extracted from factor analysis. It has five dimensions, are “accessibility” ” service completeness” ” the qualification of the staff ” ”information quality” and “staff passion”. The research proved there are positive relations between the service quality、satisfaction and tourist behavior intention also found tourists tend to be satisfied by the service quality of the VICs in Taipei, however need to improve the directions setting、establish the booking service and enhance the service facility. This provides valuable suggestions to agencies and organizations in order to attract more tourists.

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Karanasios, Stan Stergios. "An e-commerce framework for small tourism enterprises in developing countries." 2008. http://eprints.vu.edu.au/1515/1/Karanasios.pdf.

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For sometime there has been a push for developing countries to adopt information and communication technologies (ICTs) as a pathway to economic development. However, to date, the widespread adoption and use of ICTs in these countries has been sluggish. This is especially true amongst small enterprises, which play a major economic role in developing countries. In the context of developed countries a number of benefits have been linked with the use of the ICTs amongst large, medium, and small tourism enterprises (STEs). This suggests that STEs in developing nations can also derive some benefit from the use of ICTs. However, entrepreneurs in developing countries are hindered by the underlying environmental limitations that characterise these countries (such as the inadequate and unreliable infrastructure, high cost of ICTs, and unstable political environment). This suggests that a tool for STEs that allows them to assess their business environment by reflecting inwards and outwards of the business to make informed decisions on e-commerce would be of use. The purpose of this thesis was to develop an e-readiness framework for STEs in developing countries. The threshold of twenty employees was used to classify businesses as ‘small’. In developing the framework, the intention was to take into account the specific characteristics of small businesses in developing countries. The study was carried out across two major phases. Phase One involved an online focus group with a panel of experts. The purpose of this phase was to take the framework that was developed based on a literature review and present it to a group of experts and use their comments to refine it. After making changes to the framework the researcher set out to refine it further using an investigation of actual STEs in two developing countries. In total twenty-six tourism operators participated in the study. In addition to discussions with the tourism operators this phase also involved examining their online activities, observations, and an investigation of the country e-commerce environment. The final framework, produced as a result of thorough literature review and two data collection phases, has been placed through rigour at the conceptual design stage by academics and at the applied level with actual by STEs. The resultant framework identifies the most relevant determinants of e-readiness and identifies how STEs may exploit e-commerce.

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Watters, Robyn. "The Organisational and Global Environments Relationship: An Investigation of the Key Factors." 2003. http://eprints.vu.edu.au/275/1/02whole.pdf.

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This thesis identifies a number of key factors of importance to business in making the transition to global activity. The findings show that these factors can be categorised in terms of enablers or inhibitors of global activity. These conclusions are drawn from a case study of a large securities company in the process of making the transition from a national to a global organisation. The research included an analysis of the subject matter expert views on issues relating to e-commerce, management, and global business. There was minimum research concerned explicitly with the combined factors e-commerce, management of information technology, the organisational structure and culture. Australian-based research had generally targeted Small-Medium Enterprises (SMEs)use of e-commerce, rather than that of large organisations. The focus of this study was to investigate how the case study, being a large organisation, managed its information technology requirements within a multi-market environment. It sought first, to establish the practices and conduct commensurate with global business activity and second, to determine their influence on the organisation and the implementation of a global business solution. These findings will inform other organisations as to the how and why of implementing successful and robust organisational and global business relationships. It will provide an insight into a range of issues some of which might be conducive to their own organisational and global business requirements. This study comprised three stages. The first was an initial appraisal of the subject matter experts' views on issues covering global business solutions.The outcomes from this formed the basis of the interview guide used in the second stage, which was a series of open-ended interviews with the high-end decision makers from the participant company. The third stage was a subsequent review of the subject matter experts' views on issues that emerged from the interview data and documents provided by the participant company. Data derived from each of the investigations was categorised into themes using the recurring issues approach. A comparative analysis of this data (sourced from the literature, documents provided by the participant company and the interviews) provided a degree of triangulation by which the author could validate and justify the emergent issues. These issues form the 'Composite Enablers and Inhibitors Model'. What is revealed are the key enabling and inhibiting factors commensurate with, and impediments of, a global business solution for the securities industry. These findings make known the dynamism of the case study's organisational and global relationship. It demonstrates that the securities industry is devoid of a set of common business processes or a business culture that will allow the implementation of a comprehensive global solution. It brings to light the ramifications of the securities industry regulatory framework and its negative impact on the company's global objective. This suggests that there are notable barriers to global business, which have existed for some time. Companies moving into global markets should expect to undergo change and these changes will more than likely involve complex internal and external business relationships. Organisations should be prepared to restructure their operations in order to accommodate local and global business solutions. The diverse range of enabling and inhibiting factors that have emerged from this study suggests that the depth of global market change is very much dependent on an industry's regulatory framework and the jurisdictions of each country of operation. This raises the question about the obtainability of a truly global business solution.

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Liu, Chia-Wei, and 劉家瑋. "The effects of Internal and External Information on Service Employees' Role Clarity and Work Outcomes：A Study in International Tourist Hotel Context." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20247679991001634848.

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碩士
世新大學
觀光學研究所(含碩專班)
95
In the hotel and restaurant industry, first line service providers are in the boundary-spanning position bridging organization and customers in the hospitality industry. Therefore, heir self-positioning directly affect the quality of services provided. From this point of view, the local and overseas famous hotel chain groups start to focus on employees self-positioning in order to maintain quality service. Thus, this research quotes the social identity theory within organization, to discuss how the service providers entrench their role via the internal and external information of the organization to enhance organization identification and service performance. The sample of this research was drawn from the first line service providers who worked at customer service departments in 27 international tourist hotels in Taiwan. 535 questionnaires were delivered and 222 valid responses were collected. We used SPSS software to perform statistical analyses. The outcomes suggest that it has a positive relationship between internal/external information of organization and the organization identification, and discretionary service behavior. Furthermore, role clarity mediates the relationship between information and service delivery. The managerial implications of this study are twofold. Service employees are expected to delivering better service and organizational identification through sufficient and useful information. The information is beneficial to clarify employees’ role expectation as well.

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Gao, Xin. "Cross-sectional analysis of pricing efficiency, liquidity, and information asymmetry." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1631.

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This paper tests the relation between pricing efficiency and liquidity, with and without, the effects of asymmetric information. First, we show that informed trading is negatively related to liquidity. This result is consistent with previous researches, which find that informed trading reduces liquidity. Second, this report explores the direct relation between price efficiency and liquidity by applying a cross-sectional regression. The result indicates that liquidity associated with asymmetric information effects enhances pricing efficiency. The cross-sectional relation between relative informational efficiency and liquidity combed with informed trading is significantly positive. Third, we find that pure liquidity trading also contributes to price informativeness. The positive relation between relative informational efficiency and liquidity unrelated to asymmetric information cannot be rejected.

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HIENLOVÁ, Monika. "Turistická informační síť pro rozvoj CR na území DSMO Mikroregionu VENKOV." Master's thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-47592.

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The goal of the Diploma theses was to suggest The Information Touristic Network (TIN) for tourism development in Microregion VENKOV based on the analysis of the area. The base of the dissertation consits of five information centers and five information places in total of 10 Microregion VENKOV municipalities. The whole network will be coordinated by certified information centre placed in Mlada Vozice through the internet information system. By realisation of TIN will be established the convenient conditions for sustainable touristic development of the area.

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KAMBOVÁ, Monika. "Nabídka služeb cestovního ruchu ve zvolené destinaci zapsané na seznamu UNESCO." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-124443.

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The main objective of this work was through the analysis of supply and demand for tourism services to define the role of tourism for the site. Secondary objectives were to the impacts of tourism on local development. Further highlight the importance of registration destination on the list of UNESCO and to suggest ways to increase traffic to destination. The paper presents proposals to improve the supply of, and practical application of one of the proposals. The conclusion summarizes the results and the objectives of the work.

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Li, Pei-Hsuan, and 李沛璇. "An examination of the effects of tourists’ motivation, information sources, destination image, service quality, perceived value and satisfaction on behavioral intentions - A Case Study on Night Market." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3nppcr.

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碩士
銘傳大學
企業管理學系碩士班
102
Night markets have become the most popular tourist attraction in Taiwan and attract many locals and foreign tourists to visit. This study is to explore and develop a theoretical relationship among tourists’ motivation ,information influence, destination image, service quality, perceived value, satisfaction and behavioral intentions. We expected to offer helpful suggestions in marketing to stores and government department in the future. This study surveyed 530 visitors of night market and conducted a structural equation model (SEM) by AMOS 21 to examine the grand model herein. The results support the positive relationships between tourist''s motivation and induced image and show that the sources of information influences impact the induced image during the pre-visitation stage. The destination image positively influences the perceived service quality and perceived value, and both factors positively influences the level of satisfaction during the visit. Finally, the overall satisfaction of a tour drives revisit intentions and word-of-mouth recommendation during post-visitation. This study fills the gap in the literature for the determinants of destination images for pre-visitation and explain the cause-consequence path from motivation/information sources, image, service quality/perceived value, and tour satisfaction to behavioral intention. This study refines previous theories by introducing new variables and a modified framework to enhance the predictive power of past models in order to expand the knowledge in the literature of tourist behavioral intention. Implications for research and practice was also summarized.

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Nguyen, Nhut Hoang. "Choice of acquisition form, domestic liquidity costs for US cross-listed firms, and convergence in information environment : an investor protection perspective : a dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Finance, Department of Commerce, Massey University." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/839.

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This dissertation contains three empirical studies that examine the effect of investor protection on three different aspects of corporate governance: mergers and acquisitions, US cross-listings, and convergence of information environment around the world.1 The first study investigates the relation between investor protection and the choice of acquisition form (partial versus full acquisition). I argue that if private benefits are a motivation for mergers and acquisitions, an acquirer is more likely to bid for a controlling fraction (but not a hundred percent) of a target firm in countries with weak investor protection because in these countries private benefits of control are an important asset. The empirical results support this argument: compared to full mergers, partial acquisitions are the preferred form of acquisition when target countries do not effectively protect minority investors. Partial acquisitions are also more common among foreign acquirers from countries with poor legal systems. Finally, I show that firm-level corporate governance of the target firm is negatively related to the likelihood of partial acquisition. The second study examines the effect of investor protection on domestic liquidity for cross-listed firms. If US cross-listing can improve a firm’s information environment because of more stringent disclosure requirements in the US, I expect the information improvement to be reflected in a reduction in domestic liquidity costs. The empirical results are consistent with this prediction: local bid-ask spreads and price impact (a proxy for the cost of adverse information) significantly decrease while local trading volume significantly increases one year after US cross-listing. In addition, the liquidity improvement is larger for cross-listed firms that are from poor investor protection countries, and that are listed on the NYSE. The results in the second study are consistent with the “bonding” argument by Coffee (2002). The third study tests Coffee’s (1999) prediction of a convergence in corporate governance around the world. Since information environment is a key factor of corporate governance, it is important to see if there is a convergence in information environment across countries over the past two decades. Using various common proxies for information environment, I show that the quality of information environment generally improves through time, but the improvement is larger for developed markets and countries with better institutional quality. In the third study, I also reproduce the main results in Bailey, Karolyi and Salva (2006), and Fernandes and Ferreira (2008). These studies report similar divergence in information environment for cross-listed firms post-US-listing, but fail to control for the quality of information environment in the domestic market. After we control for this market effect, we do not find support for their results: there is no improvement in information environment for cross-listed firms, and no difference in the change between developed and emerging countries. 1 The second and third empirical studies are co-authored work with my supervisor, Professor Henk Berkman. For consistency, I use the first person ‘I’ throughout the dissertation.

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Tsai, PEI-YIN, and 蔡佩吟. "A Study of the Current Situations and Difficulties of the Application of Information Technology in the Food and Beverage Service Industry - The Case of the Food and Beverage Department at International Tourist Hotels." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94950994833393275248.

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碩士
台南女子技術學院
生活應用科學研究所
93
A Study of the Current Situations and Difficulties of the Application of Information Technology in the Food and Beverage Service Industry – The Case of the Food and Beverage Department at International Tourist Hotels Abstract The development of technology affects the management in the food and beverage service industry. The study explores the situations of using Enterprise Resource Planning and Point of Sale in the food and beverage department of the international tourist hotels. With stratified random selecting, the sample is from the managers, general employees, and executive officers of the 33 hotels. The responding rate is 90.4%. The results show that: 1. The four main aspects of the difficulties in application are techniques, organization, management, and environments. In addition, the correlations between the factors are significantly positive. 2. The five factors of the first aspect are : system function, number, educational training, and competition in the factor of technique; the evolution, knowledge, and acceptation are the factors of the organization aspect ; the effectiveness, the form of hotel, and investment in the factor of management are of third ; the trend of technology, the habits of consumer, and the policy in the factor of environment are of the last. 3. There are ten sub-factors from the four main factors. 4. We find that the difficulties among sexes, working years education levels and working positions result in different p value < .05 except in the management factor 5. After applying information technologies, the hotels hove significantly higher average scores in technique, organization, management and environments than the expectation values in the each factor. The study provides the international tourist hotels some suggestions to help them apply technologies. In addition, it provides guidance for the small & medium food and beverage service enterprises which do not use technology yet. Keywords: Food and Beverage Service Industry, International Tourist Hotel, Information Technology, Enterprise Resource Planning, Point of Sale

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Huang, Chung-tai, and 黃中台. "Report on the Development of Archiving Technology for Multimedia Application Service System – The Case Study of Taipei City Government Department of Information and Tourism's Digital Audio-visual Material Archive." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49262877053762148237.

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碩士
世新大學
廣播電視電影學研究所(含碩專班)
98
With the approach of the digital age, knowledge and information dispersal follows the era’s practical tend in demanding effectiveness. With the technology available in the digital era, the trend of digitizing information is inevitable. Not only did this induce revolutionary changes in hardware, the development of related software also calls for a different mindset and logic. The establishment of Taipei City Government (TCG) Department of Information and Tourism’s “Digital Image Archive” is the result of this new kind of thinking. In accordance with related information digitalization and digital archive policies, TCG began works on creating a digital audio and visual platform. The objective of the platform is to integrate real-time nonlinear editing system, digital database, and search engine for efficient usage. Furthermore, this will encourage the establishment of common multimedia platform and related applications, allowing efficient management and utilization by affiliated agencies of the city government and by the public, thereby achieving the goal of government information transparency. Through the implementation of the project in real-life situation, we discover that “multimedia” encompasses a wide range of creations spanning audio and visual expressions; the definition of the term changes with the era, with the technological knowhow of the specific period accounting for the differences. The application of this project focuses on audio and visual information, excluding the procedures of filming and emphasizing on the stages of post-processing – compression, file conversion, and storage. By executing this project, we hope to push forth with the development of a digital audio-visual platform to achieve the following goals: integrate the audio and visual data from the departments of city government; promote the management and effective use of audio and visual data; expand the use of multimedia applications with added values; strengthen city marketing efforts; shorten the production time of multimedia materials; and establish a standardized exchange/application process for audio and visual materials. This paper attempts to offer suggestions regarding the future “multimedia platform” focusing on the training of staff, the upgrading of equipments, and the management and utilization of data. Hopefully, the establishment of the audio and visual platform will stimulate interaction between government agencies and the private sector, achieving the goal of “zero distance.”

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Ghani, Erlane K. "Digital reporting formats and users of financial reports : decision quality, perceptions and cognitive information processing in the context of recognition versus disclosure : a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Accountancy, Massey University." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1381.

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The evolvement of digital reporting has changed the way financial information is prepared and disseminated (Debreceny and Gray, 200 1 ). Previous research has shown that digital reporting has increased, particularly in the last five years, and this usage is characterised by greater volumes of business and financial information over that traditionally provided in print-based mode (Smith, 2003). The new opportunities and benefits offered by digital reporting are matched by challenges and implications not only for the preparers and auditors but also for users. It is expected that in the near future, financial reporting will move entirely from the primarily print-based mode to digital-based mode as the primary information dissemination channel (Oyelere et aI., 2003; Fisher et aI., 2004). Research in the area of digital reporting has been conducted in the past decade. Within this research, a considerable number of issues have been raised. These issues relate to various parties, such as policy makers, preparers, auditors, system designers and users. While several research questions and hypotheses concerning these parties have been posed and investigated, most of the research questions and hypotheses have been formed from a preparers' perspective, leaving the examination of issues from a users' perspective largely unexplored. This study focuses on users. It examines the effect of presentation formats on decision makers' performance in relation to decision quality, perceptions and cognitive information processing in the digital reporting environment. It aims to extend the digital reporting literature. This study extends the existing body of knowledge on digital reporting environment in several ways. First, this study examines the effect of presentation formats on the quality of users' decision making. This study follows Kleinmuntz and Schkade (1993) who described 'decision quality' in the context of two cost-benefit dimensions in relation to decision makers' cognitive processes, namely decision accuracy and cognitive effort. Decision accuracy reflects the ability of a strategy to produce an accurate outcome while cognitive effort reflects the total cognitive expenditure incurred in completing a task. Second, this study examines users' perceptions of three digital presentation formats: PDF, HTML and XBRL. This study compares subjects' perceptions of usefulness and ease of use of the three presentation formats with their actual outcome. It also includes examining whether perceptions are an important factor in influencing preferred presentation format. Finally, this study examines whether digital presentation formats address the concern over functional fixation in the accounting context of 'recognition versus disclosure' in the reporting of financial information. This study used public accounting practitioners in New Zealand as participants. Sixty two subjects participated in the experiment, which involves an experiment exercise and a post experiment questionnaire. The results indicate that presentation formats impact on decision accuracy. This finding is consistent with previous studies conducted using non-digital presentation formats such as tabular and graphical in the psychology and information systems literature (Stock and Watson, 1984; Dickson et aI., 1986; Iselin, 1988; DeSanctis and Jarvenpaa, 1989; Mackay and Villareal, 1987; Hard and Vanacek, 1991; Stone and Schkade, 1991; Anderson and Kaplan, 1992; Bricker and Nehmer, 1995; Ramarapu et aI., 1997; Frownfelter-Lohrke, 1998; Almer et aI., 2003). The results, however, indicate that presentation formats do not impact decision makers' cognitive effort. These findings suggest that preparers, standardsetters and regulatory bodies should recognise that presentation format impacts on users' decision making processes and select appropriate formats that lead to improvement in decision making. Additionally, the results indicate that users' perceptions of the usefulness and ease of use of the reporting technologies are similar across the three presentation formats. The results also show that users' perceptions do not necessary correspond to actual performance. Users' perceptions are found to influence their preferred presentation format. The findings of this study provide useful insights on users' perceptions, performances and preferences of the digital presentation formats. Such results provide a holistic and comprehensive view of the importance of perceptions and the effect of presentation formats on decision makers' performance. This is particularly relevant since if more advanced forms of digital reporting are to be encouraged, then there is also the need for users to be made more aware of the benefits to be gained from the different forms of presentation. Finally, the results show that of the four recognised stages of information processing (i.e. acquisition, evaluation, weighting and judging information), functional fixation is found to only exist at the judgment stage. However, the effect of presentation format is only significant at information evaluation stage. The results indicate that the interaction between presentation formats and placement of information does not affect decision makers' information processing. This suggests that presentation formats do not solve the concern about recognition versus disclosure (functional fixation) in information processing stages. These fmdings are not consistent with Hodge et al. (2004) but are consistent with Luft and Shields (2001) who suggest functional fixation could not be alleviated because the accounting itself would affect the allocation of people's attention. This study extends the literature on presentation format by examining the quality of decision making arising from the use of different presentation formats in a digital reporting environment. It provides evidence that users' perceptions of ease of use of a presentation format do not necessarily correspond to their actual performance (cognitive effort) once a particular task has been performed. This study also provides evidence that the acceptance of a technology is highly dependent on the perceptions of that technology. Therefore, limited knowledge and appreciation of the capabilities of a technology may have the undesired effect of deterring use of the technology although it may improve performance.

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Alboqami, H., W. Al-Karaghouli, Y. Baeshen, I. Erkan, C. Evans, and Ahmad Ghoneim. "Electronic word of mouth in social media: the common characteristics of retweeted and favourited marketer-generated content posted on Twitter." 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/14009.

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No
Marketers desire to utilise electronic word of mouth (eWOM) marketing on social media sites. However, not all online content generated by marketers has the same effect on consumers; some of them are effective while others are not. This paper aims to examine different characteristics of marketer-generated content (MGC) that of which one lead users to eWOM. Twitter was chosen as one of the leading social media sites and a content analysis approach was employed to identify the common characteristics of retweeted and favourited tweets. 2,780 tweets from six companies (Booking, Hostelworld, Hotels, Lastminute, Laterooms and Priceline) operating in the tourism sector are analysed. Results indicate that the posts which contain pictures, hyperlinks, product or service information, direct answers to customers and brand centrality are more likely to be retweeted and favourited by users. The findings present the main eWOM drivers for MGC in social media.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Tourist information services'

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