Journal articles on the topic 'Tourism and dementia'

Abstract The article covers the geographical features of the organisation of medical tourism for a group of the world's population suffering from a brain disease – dementia. The main attention is paid to the development of this type of tourism in Russia in comparison with some other countries. The question is raised about the involvement of these people in tourism activities, which could help to improve their health status and improve the living environment of societies. The main problems faced by tourists with the disease dementia are considered. The authors advocate that freedom of movement is the inalienable right of every person. Therefore, the creation of conditions for comfortable travel of people even with mental defects becomes a necessary measure to ensure the sustainable development of accessible tourism infrastructure. The recommendations are given, the implementation of which will allow organising an efficiently working tourist and recreational system that satisfies the needs of these peculiar recreational tourists, as well as the interests of all society representatives.

Purpose This paper aims to examine the development of research on ageing and demography and the implications for the study of tourism. It examines the demographic time bomb created by an ageing population and the implications of complex health conditions, such as dementia, for the visitor economy. Practical measures are identified with an example of a “call to action” for small to medium-sized tourism businesses. Design/methodology/approach This review is based on existing knowledge of ageing and draws upon a historical timeline that stretches from the nineteenth century to 2100. Findings The impact of complex health conditions such as dementia will pose major challenges for the visitor economy and will require behavioural change within existing business practices to accommodate the needs of people with dementia and their carers. Research limitations/implications Major changes in business practices and the development of more holistic views of accessibility will be needed to accommodate an ageing population in 2100. Some of the initial changes businesses can make are outlined in a “call to action” leaflet extract. Practical implications Businesses will need to focus more on customer care practices to ensure that they can accommodate the complex needs of people with dementia and their carers as they continue to pursue the tourism and leisure activities that they have grown accustomed to. Social implications Businesses will need to become more fully engaged with new agendas on accessibility, inclusivity and good business practice that raise significant ethical, financial and legal issues for the way they do business in the future. Originality/value The paper sets out an overarching grand societal challenge around ageing that is now confronting many countries worldwide. As part of that agenda, this paper raises the issue of hidden conditions such as dementia. The paper seeks to stimulate a wider debate for researchers and policymakers going forward, framed around the following questions which arise from the paper: How is dementia understood as a hidden condition in the visitor economy? To what extent is there awareness and action in the visitor economy sector? What can the visitor economy sector do to address issues of inclusivity and dementia?

Purpose Preserving our built heritage from the onslaught of weather, pollution, development and the effects of tourism is a complex endeavour. Appended to this is the need to ensure that heritage buildings are inclusive to all users. Thus, built heritage is plagued with contradictions and conflict between conservation goals and those to support inclusivity given the limited resources often available. Dementia has been purposely selected for this study as numbers of diagnosed sufferers are increasing at an alarming rate, and enagement with heritage has been proven to support well-being. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach This research review draws on systematic principles and presents an analysis of the available literature on well-being programmes designed for people living with dementia and their care supporters, with particular reference to programmes in heritage settings, and the resulting impact for users. Findings This review critically evaluates the available evidence from published literature on the role of the heritage setting, on how it impacts on the experience of dementia participants. In doing so, it draws on findings from the experiences and well-being of people living with dementia and their care supporters; assesses the current state of knowledge, identifies support implications and makes recommendations for future research. In doing so, it highlights a dearth in the literature on research related to the physical environment setting, particular addressing any cognitive impairments that may arise that can alter psychosocial processes, such as lighting, temperature, acoustics and materiality, so that they can be understood and suitably adapted to support the well-being of those living with dementia. Originality/value The scant lack of financial resources to support inclusivity in built heritage, and the argument that some heritage cannot be adapted, often leads to only limited opportune for people with dementia. Thus, there is an inherent need for an understanding of current research and well-being programmes so that it can be focalled in the future to support built heritage tourism in a way that it is inclusive to all.

Background and objective: Despite the fact that the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the demand for mental health services, access has been limited, resulting in service gaps and severance. Agro-healing, which is expected to be utilized successfully to promote mental health for both individuals and communities, could be a solution. This study was conducted to provide basic data for revitalizing policies and research related to agro-healing by analyzing the trends in big data of online news articles over the last decade.Methods: A total of 2,310 news articles related to agro-healing were collected from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2021 by crawling Naver News. To extract nouns with practical meaning, the Okt morphological analysis of the KoNLPy module in Python 3.9 was employed. Semantic network analysis was conducted to validate degree centrality, betweenness centrality, and eigenvector centrality in order to understand the centrality and connectivity of significant keywords. The data was visualized using Gephi 0.9.2 by performing CONCOR analysis to generate clusters.Results: The keywords with the highest degree centrality were agro-healing, followed by healing, care farm, vitality, RDA, citizens, and rural tourism. Agro-healing, Healing, stress, urban, disabilities, care farm, dementia, and rural area were highest in terms of betweenness centrality. The eigenvector centrality was highest in agro-healing, followed by vitality, healing, care farm, and effect. As a result of the CONCOR analysis, four clusters were identified: ‘agro-healing characteristics’, ‘agro-healing resources’, ‘agro-healing activities’, and ‘agro-healing target and effect’.Conclusion: According to the findings, social expectations and need for agro-healing to improve public health became a significant part of the discourses. This research is expected to help determine future research and policy directions, as the vitality of agro-healing continues to provide national welfare services and seek sustainable growth in agricultural and rural areas.

Bali Dental Clinic 911 is Dental and Oral Health Service which located in Denpasar. The kind of service in the Clinic, include; preventive, kurative, and rehabilitave in dental health, for Indeonesian and foreigns.The data shows that patients visiting in 2016 are 5,043, in 2017 are 5,830, and in 2018 are 6,350, majority patients from Austria. The goals of this research is to know the descriptive of satisfaction of foreigns tourism toward dental and oral services in Bali Dental Clinic 911 in 2020. This is a descriptive research with survey. The respondents in this research were all foreigns tourism who were visit Bali Dental Clinic 911 Denpasar in March 2020, with the total number of respondents are 50.The result of this research shows that: reliability demention with very satisfaction (91,5%), Responsiveness demention with very satisfaction (87,3%), assurance demention with very satisfaction (92%), Emphaty demention with very satisfaction (90%), tangibles demention with very satisfaction (85%). The conclussion of this research shows that majority foreigns tourism who were visit Bali Dental Clinic 911 Denpasar in March 2020 got very satisfaction services in dental and oral health

The purpose of this scientific study is to assess the condition of people who were in the zone of military conflict in the east of Ukraine and have undergone significant emotional and psychological changes, with the subsequent involvement of them in rehabilitation through tourism services. In this regard, the main tasks of scientific work on this topic are: analysis of the psycho-emotional state of people with the «war syndrome», their readiness to adapt to peaceful life; coverage of forms, methods and approaches to the problem of providing professional assistance to people with the «war syndrome», especially for children of different ages, through the creation of special tourist routes, taking into account the individual needs of tourists. Analysis of recent research and publications. The problems of providing various forms of rehabilitation assistance have been described and covered in the scientific literature in different spheres of professional activity of people: physicians, psychologists, rehabilitologists, sociologists and others. Consequences of post-traumatic condition of people as a result of hostilities have been described in the works of domestic scientists (Dmitruk O. Yu. US experience in dealing with post-traumatic stress disorder using methods of active recreation; Zayarnyuk OV Social protection of vulnerable sections of the population: national experience; L.Y. Inclusive tourism as a form of rehabilitation: current needs of the disabled; Panchenko O., Simonenko O. Psychological support of families who have been stressed. native experience and Ukrainian realities; Trebin MP Wars in the history of mankind and their consequences: lessons for Ukraine, etc.). and foreign scientists (Holostova EI, Dementieva NF Social rehabilitation; Shumkov GE The mental state of the soldiers after the battle; Based on the subject of the article, it is necessary to focus on the fact that the purpose of this scientific research is to assess the condition of people who were in the military conflict zone in eastern Ukraine and underwent significant emotional and psychological changes, with their subsequent involvement in rehabilitation thanks to tourist services. The presentation of the main material. The technologies of rehabilitation and social work with military personnel and their families vary depending on the nature and depth of their problems, and is largely determined by the length of their stay in military service. Another category of people with the “war syndrome” is made up of internally displaced persons, refugees from the war zone who face double trauma: firstly, the need to mitigate the effects of stress associated with living in the occupied territories in the war zone, the need to leave the place of permanent residence ; secondly, experiencing stress due to the need to adapt to new conditions. The main factors, the reasons for the increase in the number of people with this syndrome, the described nature of aggression by the Bass-Darki method are identified. The proposed model of rehabilitation assistance, which includes the main forms of providing rehabilitation services: rest, psycho-correction, adaptation to a peaceful society, professional or comprehensive assistance. In the work of travel agencies, an important role is played by material and technical support, the availability of accessible tourist facilities that are ready to accept people with inclusion (invalidity), as well as the development of adapted routes for them. Most travel agencies have a private form of activity, for which the main goal is the economic feasibility of their activities, and only in the background is the quality of tourist services. This is because tour operators do not want or do not consider the direction of inclusive tourism for several reasons: a) it is necessary to study the features of each of the nosologies (and there are 132 of them) in order to determine the areas that, according to the tour operator, will be more promising in terms of the safety of tourist trips and in terms of financial profitability; b) inclusive tourists require special attention, if necessary - escort, the presence of sign language interpreters, rehabilitation therapists or specialized medical workers; c) transport services for a group of inclusive tourists who may require special conditions of transport; d) special conditions for recreation and recreation (boarding houses, hotels, recreation centers, catering and leisure facilities), which should be as comfortable as possible and the architectural accessibility of the environment; f) a certain number of inclusive tourists are people of various social groups who have low state preferential cash security. The heads of travel agencies or travel agencies do not always understand the relevance of creating this tourism segment. Conclusions. Having a significant contingent of people with the "war syndrome", it is necessary to plan a strategy for planned, comprehensive (comprehensive) and professional rehabilitation, which would solve the issue of restoring the physical and psycho-emotional state of a person, adapting to her usual life

In this paper, we give an overview on the emerging trend of the digitized self, focusing on visual lifelogging through wearable cameras. This is about continuously recording our life from a first-person view by wearing a camera that passively captures images. On one hand, visual lifelogging has opened the door to a large number of applications, including health. On the other, it has also boosted new challenges in the field of data analysis as well as new ethical concerns. While currently increasing efforts are being devoted to exploit lifelogging data for the improvement of personal well-being, we believe there are still many interesting applications to explore, ranging from tourism to the digitization of human behavior. 1 Introduction We are already living in the world, where digitization affects our daily lives and socio-economic models thoroughly, from education and art to the industry. In essence, digitization is about implementing new ways to put together physical and digital resources for creating more competitive models. Recently, lifelogging appeared just as another powerful manifestation of this digitization process embraced by people at different extents. Lifelogging refers to the process of automatically, passively and digitally recording our own daily experience, hence, connecting digital resource and daily life for a variety of purposes. In the last century, there has been a small number of dedicated individuals, who actively tried to log their lives. Today, thanks to the advancements in sensing technology and the significant reduction of computer storage cost, one’s personal daily life can be recorded efficiently, discretely and in hand-free fashion (see Fig. 1). The most common way of lifelogging, commonly called visual lifelogging, is through a wearable camera that captures images at a reduced framerate, ranging from 2 fpm of the Narrative Clip to 35 fps of the GoPro. The first commercially available wearable camera, called SenseCam, was presented by Microsoft in 2005 and during the last decade, it has been largely deployed in health research. As summarized in a collection of studies published in a special theme issue of the American Journal of Preventive Medicine [5], information collected by a wearable camera over long periods of time has large number of potential applications, both at individual and population level. At individual level, lifelogging can aid in contrast dementia by cognitive training based on digital memories or in improving well-being by monitoring lifestyle. At population level, lifelogging could be used as an objective tool for 60 understanding and tracking lifestyle behavior, hence enabling a better understanding of the causal relations between noncommunicable diseases and unhealthy trends and risky profiles (such as obesity, depression, etc.) Fig. 1. Evolution of wearable camera technology. From left to right: Mann (1998), GoPro (2002), SenseCam (2005), Narrative Clip (2013). However, the huge potential of these applications is currently strongly limited by technical challenges and ethical concerns. The large amount of data generated, the high variability of object appearance and the free motion of the camera, are some of the difficulties to be handled for mining information from and for managing lifelogging data. On the other hand, legality and social acceptance are the major ethical challenges to be faced. This paper discusses these issues and it is organized as follows: in the next section, we give an overview of potential applications; in section 3, we analyze technical challenges and current solutions. Section 4 is devoted to ethical issues and, finally, in section 5, we draw some conclusions. 2 Potential Applications Humans have always been interested in recording their life experiences for future reference and for storytelling purposes. Therefore, a natural application would be summarizing lifelog collections into a story that will be shared with other people, most likely through a social network. Since the end-users may have very different tastes, storytelling algorithms should incorporate some knowledge of the social context surrounding the photos, such as who the user and the target audience are. However, lifelogging technology allows capturing our entire life, not only those moments that we would like to share with others (see Fig. 2). This offers a great potential to make people aware of their lifestyle, understood as a pattern of behavioral choices that an individual makes in a period of time. This feedback could provide education and motivation to improve health trends, detecting risky profiles, with a personal trainer “in-the-loop”. Indeed, by providing a symbiosis between health professionals and wearable technology, it could be possible to design and implement individualized strategies for changing behavior. Considering that physical activity and poor diet are major risk factors for heart diseases, obesity and leading causes of premature mortality, this social impact of applications will be huge. On the other hand, lifelogging could be useful in monitoring patients affected by neurological disorders such as depression or bipolar disorder by aiding in predicting crisis. 61 Fig. 2. Images recorded by a Narrative Clip: From left to right and from the 1st to the 2nd row: in a bus, biking, attending a seminar, having lunch, in a market, in a shop, in the street, working. Finally, digital memories could be used as a tool for cognitive training for people affected by Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), a condition that represents a window for novel intervention tools against the Alzheimer disease. Although the emphasis nowadays is on the use of wearable cameras for health applications, its potential spreads to many other domains ranging from tourism to digitization of intangible heritage. For instance, data collected during a long trip could be used to make short and original photostreams for storytelling purposes and be shared in a network of visitors of a country. On the other hand, probably in the next century, these data would be useful for people interested in comparing how transportation and landscape have changed over time. During the last few decades, there has been an increasing interest in the use of digital media in the preservation, management, interpretation, and representation of cultural heritage. Intangible cultural heritage consists of nonphysical aspects of a particular culture, among which folklore, traditions, behavior. The intangible aspects of our cultural heritage represent a treasure of significant historical and socio-economic importance. Naturally, intangible cultural heritage is more difficult to preserve than physical objects. The digital documentation of intangible cultural heritage represents a huge market potential, which is largely unexplored. Wearable cameras could be used in this field to collect, preserve and make available digitally part of the intangible cultural heritage of the 21th century, such as human behavior. 62 3 Technical Challenges Wearing a camera over a long period of time generates a large amount of data (up to 70.000 images per month), making difficult the problem of retrieving specific information. Beside data organization, the high variability of object appearance in the real world and the free motion of the camera make state of the art object recognition algorithms to fail. In Fig. 3 are shown two sequences acquired by wearing a Narrative Clip (2fpm): one can appreciate the frequency of abrupt changes of the field of view even in temporally adjacent images that makes motion estimation unreliable and frequent occlusions that cause important drop in object recognition performances. Fig. 3. Example of photostreams captured by a Narrative CLip while (first row) biking and having a coffee (second row). As shown in [2], the interest of the computer vision community is rapidly increasing and this trend is expected to continue in the next years. Most available works have been conceived to analyze data captures by high temporal resolution wearable cameras, such as GoPro or Google Glasses and they can be broadly classified depending on the task, they try to solve in: activity-recognition [15, 11, 10, 13, 6], social interaction analysis [1, 3, 19], summarization [4, 16, 12]. Activity recognition usually relies on cues such ego-motion [15, 10], object-hand interaction [11, 10] or attention [13, 6]. Generally, the major difficult to be faced in the task of activity recognition are the large variability of objects and hands and the free motion of the camera that make it very difficult to estimate body movements and attention. Social interaction detection is based on the concept of F-formation that models orientation relationships of groups of people in space. F-formations require estimating pose and 3D-location of people, which are challenging tasks due the continuous changes of aspect ratio, scale and orientation. A common approach to summarization is to try to maximize the relevance of the selected images and minimize the redundancy. Relevancy can be captured by relying on mid-level or high-level features. Mid level features may be motion, global CNN features [4, 16], whereas high-level features may be important objects [12] or topics [18]. 63 4 Ethical Issues Lifelog technology can be considered still in its infancy and assuring that the related ethical issues receive full consideration at this moment is crucial for a responsible development of the field. In the last few years, a number of papers has tried to inquiry into the ethical aspects of lifelogs held by individuals [17, 7, 14], discussing issues to do with privacy, autonomy, and beneficence. Images captured by a wearable camera clearly impact the privacy of lifeloggers as well as of bystanders captured in such images. In [7], the authors identified various factors to make a photo sensitive and proposed to embed into the devices an algorithm that use these factors to automatically delete sensitive images. The most general meaning of autonomy is to be a law to oneself. The authors of [8] recognize that lifelogging offers a great opportunity towards autonomy, since it allows to better understand ourselves. Moreover, they provide recommendations and guidelines to meet the challenges that lifelogs poses towards autonomy. Beneficence concerns with the responsibility to do good by maximizing the benefits to an individual or to society, while minimizing harm to the individual. A critical component is informed consent that should be signed by participant to research projects or clinical projects. More general specifications for wearable camera research are provided in [9], proposing an ethical framework for health research. 5 Conclusions This paper has reviewed some of the most important aspects of visual lifelogging, focusing on the technical and ethical challenges it arises, and on its potential applications. We believe that a responsible development of the field could be highly beneficial for the society. In order to become widely used technology, a large amount of effort should be invested in the development of efficient information retrieval systems, to allow fast and easy access to lifelogging content at a semantic level. Further advances in the field of deep learning will allow filling this semantic gap. Acknowledgments This work was partially founded by TIN2012-38187-C03-01 and SGR 1219. M. Dimiccoli is supported by a Beatriu de Pinos grant (Marie-Curie COFUND action).

Dementia is a progressive disorder that affects how the brain works, and in particular the ability to remember, think and reason. It affects speech, mood, mobility, behavior and how people perceive and respond to the world around them. Contemporary approaches to understanding dementia encourage society to think about how people can live well in their communities. These approaches focus on ensuring that people with dementia see the diagnosis not as the end of their life, but rather as the beginning of a new chapter of their life. This study explores how arts events specifically tailored for people with dementia can help those with a dementia diagnosis to live well after their diagnosis. In this study, we have undertaken qualitative research in the form of semi-structured interviews with festival organisers and event managers in order to understand the value of arts festivals and events in the context of dementia care. In this paper, we present areas of best practice within the Arts and Culture sector and offer recommendations for improvement in how festival and event managers make their arts events accessible and a positive experience for those living with dementia. The key theoretical contribution of this paper is the proposition of a theoretical framework that explores dementia arts events as they relate to a palliative model on relationship-centred care for people living with dementia – the ‘Senses Framework’ – and we apply this framework from social care in an arts events context.

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