Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Tourbillons acoustiques'
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Tschümperlé, Denis. "Etude numérique de l'interaction tourbillons-ondes acoustiques." Phd thesis, Université du Havre, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004646.
Full textDodemand, Eric. "Comportement d'une suspension en présence d'ondes acoustiques et de tourbillons." Valenciennes, 1994. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/f9eaaf18-7aa4-433b-b411-09d83c039d72.
Full textLOCQUET, VALERIE. "Du chaos déterministe dans les boosters d'ariane V : caractérisation expérimentale des couplages acoustiques-tourbillons." Poitiers, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993POIT2251.
Full textAlmohamad, Samir. "Micro-manipulation de fluides miscibles et de fibres de collagène à l'aide de pinces acoustiques à faisceau unique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILN038.
Full textUltrasound techniques have proven to be powerful tools for controlling dispersed immiscible droplets. By carefully shaping the acoustic field, these droplets can be sorted, divided, merged, selectively targeted, and repositioned with precision. Common methods include using standing waves to capture droplets at specific pressure nodes or antinodes, as well as employing traveling waves to move droplets along the path of wave propagation. Recent breakthroughs have led to the development of selective acoustic tweezers, which utilize focused beams or acoustic vortices for the precise manipulation of individual droplets. However, ultrasound-based manipulation has traditionally focused on immiscible fluids. Karlsen, Augustsson, and Bruus [Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 114504 2016] suggested the possibility of manipulating miscible fluids with selective tweezers. However, their work was purely theoretical and no experimental demonstrations have been achieved so far. Such a demonstration is very challenging because of the weak acoustic contrast between miscible fluids and the diffusion process, progressively blurring the interface.This Ph.D. research experimentally demonstrates the possibility of patterning, trapping, and dislocating high-concentration miscible-fluid blobs (Ficoll) within a lower-concentration medium (water) using selective acoustic tweezers. It delves into the complex interactions between ultrasound waves and miscible fluids, with a particular focus on nonlinear acoustic effects such as acoustic radiation force and acoustic streaming and their influence on fluid behavior at microscales. The experimental setup integrates single-beam acoustical tweezers with microfluidic devices, allowing precise control and manipulation of fluids. The experimental results are compared with numerical simulations, resulting in good agreement between the two.We further explored the manipulation of other objects with low acoustic contrast: collagen fibers. Our preliminary results suggest the possibility of manipulating these fibers within a fluid medium. This noninvasive method has potential implications in tissue engineering and biomedical research
Bernard, Ianis. "Manipulation de particules et génération de vortex par ondes acoustiques de surface en géométrie microfluidique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAY015/document.
Full textThe focus of this PhD thesis was on particles and fluid handling through acoustic forces, at a very small scale. For this purpose, we built a micro-system based on surface acoustic waves emitted from interdigitated electrodes on a lithium niobate piezoelectric substrate. Those waves then leak into a fluid contained in a microfluidic cavity, at a frequency of 37 MHz, leading to 100 µm wavelengths.If two stationnary waves are emitted perpendicularly and at the same frequency, we theoretically and experimentally show evidence of interferences that can, depending on the time phase shift between them, nto only alter the positions of pressure nodes and antinodes in the acoustic cavity, but also give birth to acoustic vortices which axis is normal to the substrate surface.We theoretically show that those vortices come from the special behaviour of acoustic streaming due to a moving surface. Then, while injecting microparticles in the cavity, we measure angular velocities of a few rad/s. Those vortices spatial disposition follows a half-wavelength period, and their rotation alternates between neighbours: clockwise or anticlockwise. We identify a complex dynamic concerning their 3D structure, since small particles tend to aggregate in vertical columns in the center of the vortex because of radiation forces, with a vertical modulation in the height of the cavity, in good agreement with theoretical predictions.When 10 µm large particles are used instead, we observe individual rotations, even for spherical objects, with higher rotation velocities. We believe those observations to be the first evidence of an acoustic net torque exerted on micro-objects such as biological cells or beads stemming from surface acoustic waves, thus a small scale equivalent of acoustic torques described by Busse and Wang in 1981.This manuscript develops a detailed description of both electric and microfuidic devices, giving the successive steps leading to a lab on chip designed to generate acoustic forces and torques at once, and also the method for qualifying and quantifying electrically and optically its performances
Tschümperlé, Denis. "Étude numérique de l'interaction tourbillons-onde acoustique." Le Havre, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LEHA0002.
Full textZehner, Paul. "Étude aéroacoustique de l'interaction orthogonale pale/tourbillon." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENAM0005/document.
Full textThe aeronautics industry focuses on decreasing its ecological footprint and increasing airplanes efficiency. One way for this is to design more efficient motors, like CROR, for Counter Rotating Open Rotor. This engine, also called propfan, is quite close to a turbofan, but with a pair of counter rotating propellers instead of ducted fan, which increase its yield. The efficiency is about 30 % higher than a turbofan of equal power, but it generates a lot of noise.This noise has several causes, the main one at low speed (typical takeoff or landing situation), is due to the interaction between propellers. The higher contribution to this interaction is the interaction between rear blades and tip vortexes generated by front blades. The noise generation process of this interaction is complex. It has been shown in previous studies at Onera that vortex kind plays an important role on the generated noise.The goal of this thesis is to identify and classify the influent parameters of this interaction on the noise generation, especially the blade geometry and the vortex properties, and then, to find a silent configuration.To this aim, a parametric study is set up. This study is based on a numerical approach and uses the Cassiopée and Kim computational softwares, developed at Onera. Physical models uses Euler unsteady equations, in their three dimensional and compressible expression, for the CFD and Ffowcs-Williams and Hawkings equations, in their rotating solid surface expression, for the CAA. Simulations are run on high orders schemes and use the Chimera method. Analyses are based on both close field fluid dynamics and far field acoustics.With the results of this parametric study, silent and optimal blades design criteria will be find out.Then, with these criteria, it will be possible to design CROR blades which are aeroacoustically efficient as well as aerodynamically efficient. The outcomes of this thesis are not limited to CROR situation only: any configuration where a blade crosses a vortex orthogonally can benefits from this study, by instance the interaction in a helicopter between the main rotor flow and the tail rotor blades
Demare, David. "Stabilisation d'une flamme suspendue non-prémélangée, influence d'un champ acoustique." Rouen, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ROUES024.
Full textThe effects of an acoustic perturbation on a non-premixed lifted flame are analysed with imagery and velocimetry techniques. First, a study without acoustics is performed with a free jet flame, naturally organized. In that case, the flame always stabilizes on lateral ejections of matter formed by counter-rotating steamwise structures due to secondary instabilities. Secondly, the responses of the flame to a large range of frequencies and amplitudes are reported in a chart. This latter one shows different zones : - In high frequency zones (kilohertz), when the forcing is applied around the resonance frequencies, the flame stability is improved because of a better jet organization; in other cases, the weakest modulations act on the development of instabilities, leading to a definive flame reattachment. - In middle frequency zones (hectohertz), it is possible to avoid the anchoring of the lifted flame and change the combustion regime, the flame is shorter, its yellow plume due to soots vanishes because of an increase of the turbulence leading to the the improvement of the mixing. - In low frequency zones (decahertz), depending on the amplitude value, perturbations lead to liftoff height fluctuations which provide, either a definitive reattachment, or successive anchoring and lifting. All these responses are observed for different diameters and exit velocities while keeping moderate Reynold numbers (3000-6000) and a naturally organized jet
Quaglia, Michael. "Méthodes de prévision acoustique semi-analytiques pour un doublet d'hélices contrarotatives isolé." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEC063/document.
Full textNo abstract
Quaglia, Michaël. "Méthodes de prévision acoustique semi-analytiques pour un doublet d'hélices contrarotatives isolé." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11781.
Full textBouchet, Eric. "Étude du bruit d'interaction pale-sillage d'un rotor principal d'hélicoptère." Le Havre, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LEHA0011.
Full textUnderstanding the mecanisms responsible for the BWI noise of helicopter main rotor which occures during perpendicular blade-vortex interaction. An extensive analysis of the blade pressure is performed to get a deeper insight of the BWI mecanism. A stability analysis of modelization of the incident flow (two rectilinear and parallel filaments) is undertaken. The numerical and theoritical results are found to be in good agreement and consistent with the proposed instability hypothesis
Wyzgolik, Aurélie. "Stabilisation d'une flamme non-prémélangée dans un écoulement de jets coaxiaux : effets d'un champ acoustique." Rouen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ROUES049.
Full textThis work focuses on unsteady combustion phenomena whose control is a key point in the efficient operation of engines and furnaces. Stability limits and stabilization mechanisms are analyzed for flames of non-premixed coaxial jets (methane/air), anchored or lifted above the burner. The transition from attachment to liftoff is characterized by an original thermal criterion for both identified lifting processes during which the flame base passes from a mainly propagative extremity to a mainly diffusive one. The properties of the flame, lifted either in its hysteresis zone or in the liftoff zone, and those of vortical structures of the jet detected by an automatic identification technique, are quantified by imagery and velocimetry diagnostics. The organization of the methane/air mixing layer governs the flame response from a laminarized aspect with a lobed base to a turbulent one when the air velocity (Uo) is increased. The flame is stabilized by the dynamics of the counter-rotating vortices issued from secondary instabilities, influenced when they are formed by the Kelvin-Helmholtz vortices. The flame adapts to conditions imposed by Uo whose ratio with the laminar flame speed (Sl) pilots its laminarized or turbulent behavior. Inside the chambers, combustion instabilities are increased by acoustic waves creating various modes in interaction with the own modes of the stream. So, our experiment is adjusted to study the flame submitted to a sinewave forcing of the methane. Its responses are discriminated according to the forcing frequencies and amplitudes; increasing Uo shifts the limits of the identified zones, even some of them can disappear. For all Uo, forced : - near its natural frequency (1200 Hz), the jet is more ordered ; - near its first harmonic frequency (2600 Hz), the jet shows several non linearly interacting modes. For both high frequencies, forcing contributes to a better mixing, and so to a reduction of the liftoff height (Hl) for small Uo. But, this effect is weakened with Uo increase, or even reversed at 2600 Hz for high Uo. For medium frequencies (200 Hz), the behavior tends to a turbulent flame whose liftoff height pivots around a data obtained for Uo ~ Sl (Hl grows (reduces) for small (high) Uo). For any condition (Uo, frequency, amplitude), the mode interaction mechanisms govern the flame response through the vortical structures
Glesser, Martin. "Sons auto-entretenus produits par l'interaction d'un jet plan avec une plaque fendue : étude expérimentale et modélisation du couplage avec un résonateur." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00260176.
Full textVion, Laurence. "Modifications des tourbillons d'extrémité d'hélices contra-rotatives en vue d'une réduction des nuisances sonores." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00843556.
Full textCouton, Dominique. "Analyse des transferts d'énergie d'un écoulement cisaillé généré par injection pariétale - aspect instationnaire." Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2342.
Full textErnoult, Augustin. "Régimes non-stationnaires dans les instruments à embouchure de type flûte." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066268/document.
Full textCurrent physical models of flute-like instrument allow to predict and interpret quite well the quasi-stationary behaviors associated to the sound modifications induced by a slow variation of control parameters, compared to the response time of the instrument. However, the musician varies continuously these parameters to articulate the music. During the attack transient a sharp variation of supply pressure starts progressively the vibration of the instrument. The birth of the sound plays an important role for its perception. The control of these attacks is therefore an essential point of interest for the musicians and the instrument makers.The purpose of the studies presented here is to characterize and interpret physically the different phenomena occurring during attack transients of recorders and organ pipes. Attacks played by expert or novice musicians allow to identify and quantify the mechanisms involved. The comparison between musicians allows then to determine phenomena they control and the ones imposed by the instrument.The impedance of the resonator end near the edge is then modelled and included in physical models in order to simulate attack transients. These simulations show the ability or failure of models to predict and to interpret the phenomena observed experimentally and their variability. These studies illustrate the complexity of the phenomena controlled by recorder players and instrument makers and identify the aspects that still need to be modelled in order to interpret them
Hirschberg, Lionel. "Modélisation des oscillations de pression auto-entretenues induites par des tourbillons dans les moteurs à propergol solide." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLC001/document.
Full textSolid Rocket Motors (SRMs) can display self-sustained acoustic oscillations driven by coupling between hydrodynamic instabilities of the internal flow and longitudinal acoustic standing waves. The hydrodynamic instabilities are triggered by the acoustic standing wave and results in the formation of coherent vortical structures. For nominal ranges of flow conditions the sound waves generated by the interaction between these vortices and the choked nozzle at the end of the combustion chamber reinforces the acoustic oscillation. Most available literature on this subject focuses on the threshold of instability using a linear model. The focus of this work is on the prediction of the limit-cycle amplitude. The limit-cycle is reached due to nonlinear saturation of the source, as a consequence of the formation of large coherent vortical structures. In this case the vortex-nozzle interaction becomes insensitive to the amplitude of the acoustic standing wave. Hence, one can focus on the sound generation of a vortex with the nozzle. Sound production can be predicted from an analytical two-dimensional planar incompressible frictionless model using the so-called Vortex Sound Theory. In this model the vorticity is assumed to be concentrated in a line vortex. Experiments indicate that the volume of cavities around so-called “integrated nozzles” have a large influence on the pulsation amplitude for large SRMs. This is due to the acoustical field normal to the vortex trajectory, induced by the compressibility of the gas in this cavity. As an alternative to the incompressible analytical model a compressible frictionless model with an internal Euler Aeroacoustic (EIA) flow solver is used for simulations of vortex-nozzle interaction. A dedicated numerical simulation study focusing on elementary processes such as vortex-nozzle and entropy spot-nozzle interaction allows a systematic variation of relevant parameters and yields insight which would be difficult by means of limit cycle studies of the full engine. A systematic study of the vortex-nozzle interaction in the case of a choked nozzle has been undertaken. The results are summarized by using a lumped element model for plane wave propagation, which is based on theoretical scaling laws. From EIA simulations it appears that sound due to vortex-nozzle interaction is mainly generated during the approach phase and that for the relevant parameter range there is no impingement of the vortex on the nozzle wall as has been suggested in the literature. Using an energy balance approach, a single fit-parameter model is formulated which qualitatively predicts limit-cycle observations in cold gas-scale experiments reported in the literature. Finally the Euler model is used to compare the sound production by vortex-nozzle interaction with that due to the ingestion of an entropy non-uniformity also called entropy spot. In addition to insight, this study provides a systematic procedure to develop a lumped element model for the sound source due to non-homogeneous flow-nozzle interactions in SRMs. Such lumped models based on experimental data or a limited number of flow simulations can be used to ease the design of SRMs
Mrach, Tarek. "Investigations expérimentales de la dynamique tourbillonnaire générée et du champ acoustique rayonné par un jet plan impactant une plaque fendue chauffée." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LAROS018.
Full textThe work carried out within the framework of this thesis concerns the interactions which exist between the vortex dynamics, generated by an isothermal jet impinging on a heated slotted plate, and the acoustic fields radiated by this flow. In fact, impinging jets on slotted plates or meshes are found the terminal parts of ventilation and air treatment systems found in the residential enclosures. They are incorporated to improve mixing and avoid the feeling of air discomfort. But in certain blowing and confinement configurations, these impinging jets become sources of noise pollution, with the installation of self-sustaining sound loops that they generate. These self-sustaining sounds occur when the flow interacts with an obstacle with slots placed in its path. Thus, an acoustic wave is generated in the area where the vortex structures of the jet hit the slotted plate, propagate upstream and produce a modulation of the shear layer near the exit of the jet and an amplification of the instabilities. This feedback loop optimizes the energy transfer from the aerodynamic field to the acoustic field and creates an aero acoustic noise source that can cause high sound levels. To carry out this study, we relied on an experimental device capable of simulating the different flow configurations to be analyzed. We also used a specific metrology capable of controlling and synchronizing the heating of the plate, the acoustic measurements, and the particle image acquisitions, to access the instantaneous kinematic fields by a full-field velocimetry technique resolved in time and in space. Thus, maps of the most energetic sound levels and frequencies as a function of impact ratio and Reynolds number were established. Analysis of these curves reveals configurations where the noise generated has a spectrum of lines, of high intensities, testifying the existence of an organized flow. For these configurations, an examination of the influence of the temperature of the plate, struck by the jet, on the kinematic, dynamic and acoustic quantities of the flow was carried out. And marked trends were noted
Favraud, Gael. "Acoustique dans les écoulements cisaillés : conditions limites de géométries complexes, application à l’acoustique et aux couches limites visqueuses." Thesis, Le Mans, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LEMA1024/document.
Full textThe first part is a study of the interactions between acoustic and vorticity perturbations in linear incompressible shear flows, which can decomposed as a sum of a hyperbolic part and of a rigid rotation part. The plane Couette flow is an example of such flows. By using the non-modal approach, the equations governing the evolution of compressible perturbations reduce to an ODE of dimension three in time, which depends on a dimensionless parameter ε representing the ratio between the shear rate of the flow and the frequency of the perturbations. For small ε values, the WKB method allows us to exhibit naturally three modes (two acoustic modes and one vorticity mode) and to highlight couplings between these modes. These couplings are exponentially small in 1/ε, and cannot be taken into account by an asymptotic method. They seem to be linked to the hyperbolic part of the flow.The second part deals with the reflection of a wave by a geometrically complex surface. A conformal mapping allows us to transform a complex boundary into a plane boundary, but makes appear varying coefficients in the bulk equations. These equations are then solved with the multimodal impedance matrix method, which reduce the problem to a Riccati equation for the impedance matrix. A method to find geometries allowing for the existence of trapped modes is proposed. Then the solving method is applied to the modeling of the viscous boundary layer of a fluid oscillating near a periodical rough surface. A perturbative solution is proposed. The presence of recirculation areas is studied
Caplot, Michel. "Calcul du bruit de raies émis par un rotor d'hélicoptère en champ lointain." Compiègne, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985COMPD014.
Full textAlkheir, Marwan. "Contrôle du champ acoustique des sons auto-entretenus via la dynamique tourbillonnaire : application au jet plan heurtant une plaque fendue." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LAROS018.
Full textAn experimental study of a rectangular jet of air impinging on a slotted plate is considered in this work. This study is performed for two Reynolds numbers Re = 5900 and Re = 6700, with an impact ratio L/H=4, where L is the plate-to-nozzle distance and H is the height of the slot. This configuration consists of a flow producing self-sustaining tones. Atypical behavior of the flow through its vortices and acoustic field is found in this study. In order to reduce the noise generation, a control mechanism comprising a 4mm rod is installed in the flow to disturb the vortex dynamics responsible for the loop of self-sustaining tones installed along the jet. A total of 1085 rod positions are tested between the nozzle and the impinged plate in order to find optimal positions. Specific metrologies and codes are developed for appropriate investigations. In particular, a laser technique consisting of double Stereoscopic PIV in a plane « D-SPIV » is employed.In the absence of the rod, in order to visualize the vortex dynamics for both Reynolds numbers Re = 5900 and Re = 6700, SPIV measurements are performed. This allows to characterize these flows in their reference states. For the first Reynolds number (Re = 5900), two self-sustaining tones loops are highlighted. The first has a frequency of 160 Hz and the second has a frequency of 320 Hz. These two loops characterize respectively a symmetric and an asymmetric vortex organization of the jet and alternate in a random pattern with respect to time. The asymmetric regime (f=320 Hz) is more persistent over time. For the second Reynolds number (Re = 6700), the dynamic study of the flow shows that the jet is asymmetric with a vortex shedding frequency equal to 380 Hz, while the more energetic frequency which characterizes the self-sustaining tones of the flow is equal to 168 Hz.When control mechanism is employed through the rod, for both Reynolds numbers, two control zones could be distinguished. The first one is on the axis of the jet. Once the rod is positioned in this zone, the sound pressure level drops by approximately 20 dB. Moreover, the self-sustaining tones loop disappears. When the rod is positioned in the second zone which is located around the lower mixing layer of the jet, the sound pressure level increases by about 12 dB and the self-sustaining tones loop disappears.The study of the dynamics of the flow in the presence of the control mechanism for both Reynolds numbers shows a deflection of the jet when the rod is installed in the second zone (near from the lower mixing layer of the jet). Actually, a part of the vortices escape directly through the slot of the plate without deformation, what explains the disappearance of the self-sustaining loop and the increase of the acoustic level by 12 dB. At the same time, the flow rate through the slot is reduced by about 50%. When the rod is installed in the first zone (on the axis of the jet), no vortices are found to escape through the slot of the plate what explains the disappearance of the self-sustaining loop and the drop in sound pressure level by approximately 20 dB. The vortex activity on both sides of the slot creates recirculation zones in such a way that the flow through the slot is reversed
Fischer, Jeoffrey. "Identification de sources aéroacoustiques au voisinage de corps non profilés par formation de voies fréquentielle et temporelle." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://theses.univ-poitiers.fr/62768/2014-Fischer-Jeoffrey-These.
Full textThe localization of aeroacoustic sources of automotive bodies is currently a topic of major interest to industry. Beamforming is a robust method typically used in this context. The main objective of this thesis relates to the detection of aeroacoustic sources on bluff bodies. Two experimental configurations are considered : a forwardfacing step that is an academic event, and a three dimensional bluff body generating A-pillar vortices approaching the automotive industry. Source localization through classical beamforming has enabled to detect the main regions of acoustic emission for different frequency ranges, namely : upstream and downstream vortices around thestep and A-pillar vortices generated on both sides of the 3D bluff body. In addition, relationships have been observed between wall pressure fluctuations and acoustic field radiated. The study was then directed to the detection of intermittent acoustic events to determine whether, like jet noise, the noise radiated by an obstacle in the flow is composed of intermittent signatures. A thresholding process on the far field measurements was used to select events representing 80% of the energy of the original signal and 20% of its time for both configurations. A time-domain beamforming algorithm, directly linked to the time reversal technique, has been developed to achieve a spatio-temporal information about the intermittent noise sources. The use of this technique has proved that the events selected with the tresholding technique correspond to intermittent acoustic sources which space and time informations canbe determined (they follow a Gamma distribution). The aeroacoustic noise radiated by the bluff bodies considered in this study can therefore be seen as a succession of intermittent events that can be identified. Finally, the reconstruction of intermittent acoustic signals using a family of wavelets was performed. The Fourier spectra of the original and reconstructed signals are highly similar, a difference of about 10% was observed, confirming the importance of intermittent events in the noise radiated by bluff bodies
Legendre, César. "On the interactions of sound waves and vortices." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209147.
Full textreflection and refraction effects. This work focusses on the effects of mean flow
vorticity on the acoustic propagation. First, a theoretical background is presented
in chapters 2-5. This part contains: (i) the fluid dynamics and thermodynamics
relations; (ii) theories of sound generation by turbulent flows; and (iii) operators taken
from scientific literature to take into account the vorticity effects on acoustics. Later,
a family of scalar operators based on total enthalpy terms are derived to handle mean
vorticity effects of arbitrary flows in acoustics (chapter 6). Furthermore, analytical
solutions of Pridmore-Brown’s equation are featured considering exponential boundary
layers whose profile depend on the acoustic parameters of the problem (chapter 7).
Finally, an extension of Pridmore-Brown’s equation is formulated for predicting the
acoustic propagation over a locally-reacting liner in presence of a boundary layer of
linear velocity profile superimposed to a constant cross flow (chapter 8).
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Assoum, Hassan. "Étude expérimentale des couplages entre la dynamique d’un jet qui heurte une plaque fendue et l’émission sonore générée." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LAROS420/document.
Full textSelf-sustaining sounds related to aero-acoustic coupling occurs in impinging jets when a feedback loop is present between the jet exit and a slotted plate: the downstream-convected coherent structures and upstream-propagating pressure waves generated by the impingement of the coherent structures on the plate are phase locked at the nozzle exit. The upstream-propagating waves excite the thin shear layer near the nozzle lip and result in periodic coherent structures. The period is determined by the convection speed of the coherent structures and the distance between the nozzle and the plate. Simultaneous measurements of the velocity fields and the acoustic waves in a plane jet impinging a slotted plate were performed using time-resolved particle image velocimetry (PIV) and a microphone. A better understanding of the flow physics and the aero-acoustic coupling are obtained thanks to spatio-temporal cross-correlations between the transverse velocity and the acoustic signals. Cross-correlations are calculated using two different methods: classical analysis of the original signals and by developing a pre-whitening technique. The latter method is useful for analyzing small random signals superimposed on a high amplitude pure tone
Anthoine, Jérôme P. L. R. "Experimental and numerical study of aeroacoustic phenomena in large solid propellant boosters." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211712.
Full textLarge SRM are composed of a submerged nozzle and segmented propellant grains separated by inhibitors. During propellant combustion, a cavity appears around the nozzle. Vortical flow structures may be formed from the inhibitor (Obstacle Vortex Shedding OVS) or from natural instability of the radial flow resulting from the propellant combustion (Surface Vortex Shedding SVS). Such hydrodynamic manifestations drive pressure oscillations in the confined flow established in the motor. When the vortex shedding frequency synchronizes acoustic modes of the motor chamber, resonance may occur and sound pressure can be amplified by vortex nozzle interaction.
Original analytical models, in particular based on vortex sound theory, point out the parameters controlling the flow-acoustic coupling and the effect of the nozzle design on sound production. They allow the appropriate definition of experimental tests.
The experiments are conducted on axisymmetric cold flow models respecting the Mach number similarity with the Ariane 5 SRM. The test section includes only one inhibitor and a submerged nozzle. The flow is either created by an axial air injection at the forward end or by a radial injection uniformly distributed along chamber porous walls. The internal Mach number can be varied continuously by means of a movable needle placed in the nozzle throat. Acoustic pressure measurements are taken by means of PCB piezoelectric transducers. A particle image velocimetry technique (PIV) is used to analyse the effect of the acoustic resonance on the mean flow field and vortex properties. An active control loop is exploited to obtain resonant and non resonant conditions for the same operating point.
Finally, numerical simulations are performed using a time dependent Navier Stokes solver. The analysis of the unsteady simulations provides pressure spectra, sequence of vorticity fields and average flow field. Comparison to experimental data is conducted.
The OVS and SVS instabilities are identified. The inhibitor parameters, the chamber Mach number and length, and the nozzle geometry are varied to analyse their effect on the flow acoustic coupling.
The conclusions state that flow acoustic coupling is mainly observed for nozzles including cavity. The nozzle geometry has an effect on the pressure oscillations through a coupling between the acoustic fluctuations induced by the cavity volume and the vortices travelling in front of the cavity entrance. When resonance occurs, the sound pressure level increases linearly with the chamber Mach number, the frequency and the cavity volume. In absence of cavity, the pressure fluctuations are damped.
Doctorat en sciences appliquées
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Jaouani, Nassim. "Modelling of installation effects on the tonal noise radiated by counter-rotating open rotors." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEC002.
Full textLes hélices contrarotatives constituent une alternative possible aux turboréacteurs pour les avions moyens- courriers. Réduisant significativement la consommation de carburant et les émissions de gaz à effet de serre, ils peuvent néanmoins conduire à un rayonnement sonore accru de par l'absence de carénage. Prédire correctement le rayonnement sonore de telles motorisations est donc indispensable pour réduire les mécanismes sources propres au moteur isolé ou assurer une solution d'installation acoustique optimale. Un tel objectif est abordé dans cette thèse en deux temps. Dans un premier temps, l’étude vise à prédire le bruit tonal rayonné par la première hélice d'un moteur monté à l'arrière du fuselage (configuration dite en pousseur), en considérant les effets du sillage du pylône supportant le moteur et de l'écoulement moyen. Partant du formalisme de Ffowcs Williams & Hawkings, trois sources sonores sont identifiées à cet effet. La charge instationnaire, tout d'abord, est calculée en s'appuyant sur une méthodologie similaire à celle utilisée pour la prédiction du bruit d'interaction de sillages entre les deux rotors. Le déficit de vitesse dans le sillage du mât est décomposé localement en rafales bidimensionnelles dans un repère attaché au rotor amont. La portance instationnaire induite par chaque rafale sur un segment de pale est calculée en utilisant une fonction de réponse analytique linéarisée considérant une géométrie réaliste. Deuxième contribution, la charge stationnaire est évaluée au moyen d'un logiciel s'appuyant sur la théorie de la ligne portante mais également via des simulations numériques pour différentes surfaces sources de référence. Enfin, le bruit d'épaisseur associé au déplacement du volume de la pale est inclus dans l'analyse à partir de la formulation d'Isom. D'après les hypothèses de l'acoustique linéaire, toutes ces sources modélisées comme des dipôles acoustiques tournant dans une atmosphère uniforme en mouvement sont ensuite sommées pour calculer le bruit en champ lointain. L'ensemble de la méthodologie est comparé à des données d'essai et des prédictions d'un logiciel de référence. Une étude paramétrique considérant plusieurs positionnements du pylône et des configurations avec soufflage est effectuée afin de bien mettre en évidence les contributions relatives des trois sources sonores. Dans un deuxième temps, le bruit d'interaction de sillages étant reconnu comme la contribution majoritaire en configuration isolée, sa modélisation est complétée en introduisant la dynamique du tourbillon se développant au voisinage du bord d'attaque du rotor aval. Une méthodologie semi-analytique est développée pour déterminer un tourbillon attaché au-dessus d'une plaque plane plongée dans un écoulement uniforme avec incidence. Appliquée au cas d'une pale aval traversant le sillage du rotor amont, elle fournit une première estimation de la contribution sonore du tourbillon