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Academic literature on the topic 'Tour guides'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Tour guides"

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Chikuta, Oliver, Forbes Kabote, and Nyasha Chikanya. "Tour guides experiences with tourists with disabilities." European Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Recreation 8, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ejthr-2017-0012.

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AbstractThe market of tourists with disabilities consists of a sizeable percentage of total tourism and is rapidly growing globally but little is known about tour guides experiences with them. These tourists with disabilities seem to have less holiday offers thereby reducing the frequency of tour guide encounters with them. While most tourism literature supports tour guides and their contribution to tourist experience, very little research is done in developing countries to show experiences of tour guides with tourists with disabilities. There is a knowledge gap of how the interactions between the guide and tourists with disabilities participating in the guided tours influence the tour guides’ experience. Using face to face interviews and focus group discussions with tour guides the study sought to establish people with disabilities types of holidays, concerns they raise during tours and challenges encountered by tour guides when touring with PwD. Non-probability, namely convenience and judgemental sampling methods were followed to pick tour guides from museums and national parks. Study results revealed the activities that tour guides are offering people with disabilities, guides’ own choice of activities for tourists with disabilities and the challenges faced by tour guides in the provision of those activities. The study concludes that the guiding industry has inadequate information about tourists with disabilities and thus is failing to fully serve the market. Lastly the study provides a set of recommendations that can be used by the tour guiding industry in order to effectively serve the market of tourists with disabilities.

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Lück, Michael, and Brooke A. Porter. "Tour guide training for hospitable nature-based tour experiences." Hospitality Insights 2, no. 2 (October 24, 2018): 11–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/hi.v2i2.39.

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The term ‘hospitality’ has long been linked to accommodation providers and eateries, but the wider range of hospitality, and hospitable experiences, has received little attention from academics and practitioners alike. Although tourism and hospitality are undeniably linked, Lynch [1] notes that “in tourism, there is a curious neglect of welcome given its associations with the idea of universal hospitality” (p. 174). To this end, we argue that hospitality goes well beyond food and accommodation alone, and includes any host-tourist interactions, such as those between guides and tour participants. Participants aboard nature-based marine tours are expecting to learn [2]. However, the guide's ability to 'connect' with their audience and provide quality learning experiences is not part of an industry standard. As a result, the expertise and personality of guides varies, as do their duties and their levels of training. Learning is a critical component of nature-based tours, thus placing significant responsibility on the guide in the creation of a hospitable experience. For nature-based wildlife tour operators in New Zealand (and globally), in many cases guide training efforts are a choice left up to the operators. While individual operators' needs may vary, previous hospitality research suggests that beyond fulfilling visitor expectations, appropriate training not only benefits guests, but also increases workplace satisfaction [3]. This paper discusses the need for guide training in increasing the hospitable experience aboard nature-based wildlife tours. Through data captured in self-administered visitor surveys, we explored over 400 participants' perceptions of guide abilities related to a hospitable, or pleasant, experience [4]. Tour participants on swim-with wild dolphins tours were asked to rate the importance of items related to their on-tour experience. All items were rated on a five-point scale. Over 93% of the respondents thought that having a knowledgeable and helpful boat crew was important, and more specifically over 90% felt having a knowledgeable guide on board was important. Likewise, the majority of participants identified the importance of learning about various subjects, such as the natural environment (69%) and threats to marine life (66%) – a responsibility that falls to the guides and crew. Being able to understand the safety rules was of near comparable importance to the learning experience desires (86%), as was the cleanliness of the vessel (85%). Our findings demonstrated that in order to create a hospitable experience, marine tour guides must fulfil dual roles as crew and naturalists. The high values placed on educational and safety information emphasise the critical role of knowledgeable guides/crew aboard nature-based tours. While it is apparent that many guides take pride in their work, with many furthering their knowledge during their personal time, the findings from our study highlight the importance of the guide's role in the overall visitor experience. While some tour components, such as the safety messages, are matters of legal compliance (and clearly were of high importance to participants as well), other components such as fulfilling the educational desires of visitors should be carefully considered by operators. Our findings show that visitors place a high importance on tour components that are directly related to a guide's performance, personality and abilities. Options for operators include requiring a minimum qualification for guides (e.g., a bachelor's degree in a related field) and/or an investment in continuing and specialised education. In conclusion, guide training on the natural environment and conservation as well as vessel/marine safety is essential. More specifically, this means that operators stand to benefit from guide training that reaches beyond the factual information and includes interpretation techniques. This may seem like a large investment for operators; however, the findings from this research indicate that visitor satisfaction is dependent upon this investment. The role of guides aboard nature-based wildlife tours is central to the overall hospitable experience. The original research on which this article was based can be accessed here: https://doi.org/10.1080/14724049.2017.1353609 Corresponding author Brooke Porter can be contacted at: bporter@aut.ac.nz References (1) Lynch, P. Mundane Welcome: Hospitality as Life Politics. Annals of Tourism Research 2017, 64, 174–184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2017.04.001 (2) Lück, M. Education on Marine Mammal Tours – but What Do Tourists Want to Learn? Ocean & Coastal Management 2015, 103, 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2014.11.002 (3) Poulston, J. Hospitality Workplace Problems and Poor Training: A Close Relationship. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 2008, 20(4), 412–427. (4) Lück, M.; Porter, B.A. Experiences on Swim-With-Dolphins Tours: An Importance–Performance Analysis of Dolphin Tour Participants in Kaikoura, New Zealand. Journal of Ecotourism 2017, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/14724049.2017.1353609

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Wang, Suosheng. "Tour guides’ perceptions of below-cost tours and managerial implications." Journal of Vacation Marketing 26, no. 2 (October 8, 2019): 182–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356766719880233.

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Below-cost tours (BCTs) have long been considered a serious issue in the travel industry, yet they have rarely been discussed from a tour guides’ perspective. Today’s tour guides are mostly freelancers, hired by tour operators to lead tour groups. While previous studies cover the management and behaviors of tour guides, there is little insight into personal perceptions of their work. To better understand BCTs, this study provides an intimate look at the phenomenon through the use of semi-structured interviews from tour guides and employment of nonparticipant observation on their experiences. The structural problems of the travel industry and impacts of BCTs on tour guide performance are explored and highlighted. Framed in the agency theory, the managerial implications and solutions to the BCT problems are discussed and recommended.

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Bessiere, Jeanne, and Young-joo Ahn. "Components of DMZ Storytelling for International Tourists: A Tour Guide Perspective." Sustainability 13, no. 24 (December 13, 2021): 13725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132413725.

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This qualitative study investigated the process of Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) storytelling created by tour guides. It explored the strategies that DMZ guides use and their influences at this complex site. This study investigates the training of the guides, their viewpoints on the DMZ, and the factors that influence their storytelling, taking guide status into consideration. A total of thirteen tour guides were interviewed. The findings identify various storytelling components that are used to build relationships with tourists, deliver an immersive experience, and provide the core information and regulations of the tour. Therefore, the proposed conceptual model includes three components that contribute to the creation of a memorable experience: the guide and the tourists, the guide and the site, and the tourists and the site. The findings enrich the body of literature on storytelling and could be used by travel agencies to create new training programs for DMZ tour guides and travel package group management. In addition, DMZ tours could be redesigned to increase the effectiveness of storytelling.

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Chiang, Wen-Wei, Feng-Hsien Tu, and Chia-Ju Liu. "THE ROLE OF COGNITIVE SCRIPTS IN THE ORGANIZATION OF CAMPUS TOURS." Journal of Baltic Science Education 13, no. 1 (February 25, 2014): 32–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/jbse/14.13.33.

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The aim of off-campus educational activity guides are to expand the knowledge of participants; however, visitors often rate tours according to the quality of their experience, rather than by what they have learned. Thus, ensuring that visitors are engaged requires that tour guides be able to identify the needs and expectations of visitors. This study sought to contextualize campus tours using four dramaturgical elements: “Actors” (tour guides), "audience” (visitors); “setting” (campus); “performance” (the tour). Dramaturgy and cognitive scripts were combined to form the research basis of this study. Free association models were employed to rank the sites subjects most wish to visit and service blueprints were used to illustrate how campus tour services should be organized and delivered. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the processes used to decipher complex service encounters as well as concrete examples of their application. Key words: cognitive script, field trip, informal education, theatre, tour guide, visitors

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Bunakov, Oleg Aleksandrovich, Liudmila Valerievna Semenova, Firuz Fakhritdinovich Zokhidov, and Boris Mojshevich Eidelman. "Accreditation of Tour Guides: The World Experience and the Implementation in Russian Hospitality Industry." International Journal of Financial Research 12, no. 1 (December 25, 2020): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v12n1p232.

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The purpose of the study is to consider professional accreditation of tour guides as an important mechanism for improving and maintaining the overall image of tourist destinations, analyze the main current world types of guide certification and then present another certification model as a mechanism for improving the quality of services provided. The first part of the article describes the results of a publications review and the results of an empirical study of guide accreditation programs. In countries with developed tourism, there is no single approach to the accreditation of guides, and governmental institutions, together with professional communities, decide if it is mandatory. In its second part, the article overviews the approaches to the accreditation of guides in some regions of the Russian Federation. The necessity to regulate the market of guided tour services is certain since poor quality services develop a negative impression of travel destinations, and only professionally trained guides can tell a good story about a particular place or object. The lack of government regulation in the provision of services by tour guides has resulted in a significant proportion of incompetent people who often form a negative impression on tourists. This undoubtedly affects both the brand of tourist destinations in the eyes of current and potential visitors, and economic indicators, since an insufficient influx of tourists does not encourage the development of destinations. The value of the work lies in systematizing the international practices of individual tourist destinations, examining the experience of tour guides in the Russian Federation, and analyzing the legal framework of guided tours. This study contributes to a better understanding of the need to introduce the process of accreditation of guides in the Russian Federation.

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Fajri, Khoirul, Titing Kartika, and Lia Afriza. "PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KEPEMANDUAN WISATA DI DESA WISATA CIBUNTU KAB. KUNINGAN PROVINSI JAWA BARAT." QARDHUL HASAN: MEDIA PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT 6, no. 1 (April 28, 2020): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30997/qh.v6i1.1959.

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Desa Cibuntu (Cibuntu Village) is a tourism-based village located at the foot of Mount Ciremai, Pasawahan District, Kuningan, West Java. The village is located approximately 20 KM from the center of Kuningan City. Cibuntu Village has a variety of uniqueness that is owned both in nature, culture and history. Cibuntu Village is declared as a Tourism Village as stipulated in the Decree of the Head of the Kuningan District Tourism and Culture Office Number 55631 / KPTS.178.A Disparbud / 2012 concerning the designation of Cibuntu Village as an Object and Attraction (Tourism Village). Guiding tours become very important because they are part of the service. Lack of communication skills and mastery of English become the main obstacle in guiding tourism activities in the Cibuntu Tourism Village. The people who are assigned as guides seem to only have capital, so the delivery of information is not packaged properly to tourists. Referring to these conditions, then the solution is coaching and mentoring in an effort to improve the ability to guide tours through a series of training. The training will be classified into two categories, namely tour guides and English training for tour guides. The methods to be used include lectures, questions and answers, discussions. To improve the ability to guide in English will focus on drilling models and role play. As targets to be achieved are (a) increasing the ability of understanding the role of the tour guide, (b) increasing the ability of the community in the tour guide, (c) increasing the ability of English in guiding activities especially when guiding foreign tourists, (d) increasing communication skills when guide the tour. To achieve these targets the activity implementation team will work together with the association of Indonesian tour guides and professional guides.

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Sulaiman Al Jahwari, Dawood, Ercan Sirakaya-Turk, and Volkan Altintas. "Evaluating communication competency of tour guides using a modified importance-performance analysis (MIPA)." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 28, no. 1 (January 11, 2016): 195–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-02-2014-0064.

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Purpose The purpose of this research is to evaluate the communication competency of tour guides using a modified importance–performance analysis (MIPA). Tour guides are cultural ambassadors of a country; their communication skills can make or break tourists’ experiences with guided tours and memories of a destination. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 387 professional tour guides representing 38 per cent of all tour guides in Antalya, Turkey. The study further performs factor analysis using 32 communication competency items to determine underlying performance dimensions. This is followed by an MIPA to statistically identify the gap between factors that tour guides consider important and their perceptions of how they perform on these factors. Findings The study reveals that tour guides need improvement in verbal skills such as grammar, manner of speech and choice of words, as well as non-verbal behaviors such as approachability and the ability to remain friendly while maintaining a certain personal space. Research limitations/implications Due to the nature of this study and certain time limitations, the most effective method proved to be collecting data from a convenient sample of tour guides during their annual workshop. The theory of behavioral communication competency details theoretical and practical implications. Practical implications The study findings provide tour operators and the Association of Professional Tour Guides with a platform from which they can launch educational seminars and workshops to enhance tour guides’ communication competency. Originality/value The study contributes two main findings: This research provides a first-of-its-kind examination of professional tour guides’ communication competency using MIPA. The study improves the efficacy of traditional importance–performance analysis (IPA) models by enhancing them with a gap analysis through a t-test and effect size analysis including a gap analysis takes the arbitrariness out of the process of determining the location of items within the IPA grid. Tourism service providers can use these findings to offer educational seminars that can increase the skill sets of tour guides.

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Dian Susanthi, I. Gusti Ayu Agung, and Anak Agung Istri Manik Warmadewi. "KESANTUNAN DALAM PERCAKAPAN PEMANDU WISATA DI UBUD BALI." KULTURISTIK: Jurnal Bahasa dan Budaya 4, no. 1 (January 20, 2020): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/kulturistik.4.1.1557.

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The politeness of a language is important in providing services such as services in tourism. In providing services in the tourism sector it is certainly important to provide good service as an example of using polite language so that tourists feel comfortable while enjoying tourism. Tourists in this study focused on tour guides, tour guides are one of the jobs associated with guest activities while enjoying their tours in Bali, guests need the services of tour guides to take them on a tour while on vacation in Bali. Ubud is one of the tourism areas that is visited by guests from various parts of the world. Thus, researchers chose the Ubud area as a research location. The tour guide in Ubud is the object of the study. At the first stage, the method used was observation method. In this case the researcher identified the conversation and explored politeness in the conversation between the tour guide and the tourist. At the second stage, the researcher identified the politeness of the language contained in the conversation. The next stage, the researcher used the method of observation, the researcher observed, examined gudiding conversations and examined politeness in English expressions used by tour guides.

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Garner, Ross. "Insecure positions, heteronomous autonomy and tourism-cultural capital: A Bourdieusian reading of tour guides on BBC Worldwide’s Doctor Who Experience Walking Tour." Tourist Studies 17, no. 4 (December 5, 2016): 426–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468797616680851.

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This article contributes towards debates concerning media tourism and tour guiding by using Pierre Bourdieu’s arguments regarding field and capital to analyse performed tour guide identities on BBC Worldwide’s Doctor Who Experience Walking Tour in Cardiff Bay. The article pursues three core arguments: first, a Bourdieusian framework provides an enhanced understanding of the insecure positions that tour guides occupy in what is referred to throughout as the tourism field; second, the divergent pulls between heteronomous and autonomous poles which position tour guides are magnified in officially-located media tours because of the presence of branding and theming discourses; third, drawing upon empirical data from the Doctor Who tour, the symbolic capital of official guides involves demonstrations of what is named tourism-cultural capital, but such displays do not result in an increase in individualised status as any accrued capital transfers to the institutional level.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tour guides"

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Yu, Xin 1956. "Conceptualising and assessing intercultural competence of tour guides : an analysis of Australian guides of Chinese tour groups." Monash University, Dept. of Management, 2003. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5637.

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van, den Born Remco Willem. "Guidentity : A guided journey through identification; exploring the case of international tour guides." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och industriell teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-444605.

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Tour guides are often required to be a certain version of themselves while selling a particular state of mind to their guests. The job and its lifestyle suggest many influences on tour guides’ identities. Guiding involves working in an emotional environment, representing different groups simultaneously, wearing different ‘masks’ throughout a given working day, and living a unique lifestyle. By interviewing international guides leading active, multi-day, luxury trips, this study explores a broad range of factors that might influence their identity. It analyzed how their work context relates to their idea and sense of self, mainly as a tour guide but also what that means to their perceived place in the world as a person. The study found that the guides highly value the human connections in their job, and they have a strong sense of belonging to their co-leader community. They identify as separate from society by living a peculiar, dynamic, and challenging lifestyle, avoiding settling down. Moreover, they see themselves as socially competent, and they derive purpose and meaning from the job by assuming different roles that make a positive difference for the guests they encounter. The life satisfaction, self-esteem, and confidence that emerges is so gratifying that to a certain extent they forgive the unsustainable practices of their employer. However, the exposure to negative environmental impacts brings about many negative emotions, and even though they try, the minimal impact they individually have on reducing these impacts bothers them and negatively influences their well-being.

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Lan, Yi-Ping. "The evaluation on the international tour leader training program in Taiwan, R.O.C." Online version, 2000. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2000/2000lany.pdf.

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Aloudat, Areej Shabib. "The worldview of tour guides : a grounded theory study." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.525969.

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This research study explores the worldview of tour guides and develops a framework on the lived world of knowledge, sensations and perceptions that constitute the professional and subjective realities of the guiding role. The research enquiry uses a qualitative approach, incorporting a grounded theory strategy, to explore this world and model its main dimensions. The data has been collected from tour guides in Jordan, using semi-structred individual/group interviews. Theoretical sampling has been a principle in collecting the data and a constant comparative methodology has been used to analyse the data and theorise the results. The research findings encompass three key domains in the life world of tour guides. Firstly the study focuses on tour guides as important observers of tourism performance at a destination arising from their day to day involvement with the tourism process and the implementation of itineraries that allow them valuable 'ground level' insights, not always available to managers more remote from the operational levels of tourism.

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Khornjamnong, Butsakorn. "Factors influencing the performance of tour guides in Thailand." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/622542.

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The purpose of this study is to critically evaluate the performance of tour guides in Thailand and their impact on the tourist experience. The research objectives include a: review of the literature on service quality and tour guide performance; a survey of tourists’ expectations and satisfaction with tour guides in Thailand; a critical evaluation of tour operators’ and tourists’ perspectives on the variables that constitute a high standard of performance for tour guides; analysing how the performance of tour guides influences the experiences of foreign tourists; and understanding the attributes of tour guides that influence the satisfaction of foreign tourists. The sample in this research comprised 400 tourists in Thailand who were currently on or had previously been on a group package tour in Thailand within the past two years. The survey took place in 2014 between January 1 and July 31and was conducted in the cities of Bangkok and Chiang Mai. A convenience sampling technique was utilised, with respondents being requested to provide a range of demographic variables. Descriptive analyses of these variables were conducted to examine tourists’ demographic profiles in order to understand tourists’ characteristics and their behaviours. The results of the questionnaires were analysed using statistical methods including factor, regression and multivariate analyses. Based on the results, a tour guide service quality evaluating model (TGSQEM) was developed, composed of eight dimensions: reliability (informative); personal traits; empathy1 (service-oriented mind); assurance1 (knowledgeable); professionalism; attitude; assurance2 (able to generate an atmosphere of trust); and empathy. The results identified the various factors that affect tour guide performance whilst enhancing the understanding of the perceptions of tourists’ expectations of tour guide performance and associated service quality. Using quantifiable data, these were then calculated and plotted into a graph utilising the Important Performance Analysis (IPA) technique. This investigation of the variables that influence the service quality performance of tour guides in Thailand has subsequently been used to create a theoretical framework that can be utilized to enhance the service quality of tour guides and contribute to a more successful tourism industry in Thailand. The development of this model represents a furthering of the knowledge about the performance of tour guides and, whilst constituted in a specific cultural context, it is envisaged that it would have generic transferability to tour guiding elsewhere.

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Sharpe, Carlin R. "Top hat and cane show : gendered emotional labour in kayak guiding." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Sociology, c2012, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3237.

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This thesis interrogates the intersections of gender and emotional labour in an exploratory study of guided kayak tours. The kayak tour is a socially produced location where guides hold the double role of entertainer and protector of their clients. The social space of the tour not only constructs and markets to particular clients (which impact guide-clients interactions), but also constructs particular gender locations for guides. Semi-structured, open-ended interviews were conducted to produce rich qualitative data, and were supplemented by fieldwork and examination of promotional materials. Guides’ stories offer detailed accounts of the emotional labour in which they engage as they produce a tour experience for clients. They also reveal the ways in which this labour is intertwined with their gender projects. As kayaking is unexamined within sociological literature, this thesis contributes to an understanding of the social world and furthers knowledge on the complexities of gender and emotional labour.
viii, 112 leaves ; 29 cm

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Mahdavi, Zafarghandi Mahdi. "Iranian Female Tour Guides’ Perceptions of Working in the Tourism Industry." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kulturgeografi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-125133.

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It is expected that tourism industry is one of the fields that can boost female employment and therefore, can help redress the balance and empower women in Iran. Equal opportunities in employment assist them for empowerment. Being a tour guide is one of these opportunities, although most jobs are created elsewhere, e.g. hotels and restaurants. But for this thesis, tour guides are important from two aspects: first, it is a challenging condition that you find out what you are capable of and second; it is not an extension of traditional domestic roles, and it is a new role for women in a male-dominated job market.This study aims to investigate how female tour guides perceive their roles in the tourism industry and the elements of these perceptions among their family, colleagues, and tourists who could serve empowering or disempowering.

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Papen, Uta. "Tour guides, textbooks and TV's : uses and meanings of literacy in Namibia." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2002. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/tour-guides-textbooks-and-tvs--uses-and-meanings-of-literacy-in-namibia(fade0753-f924-4bbe-848b-5902b7fae59c).html.

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McGrath, Gemma M. "Tour guides as interpreters of archaeological sites : heritage tourism in Cusco, Peru." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419982.

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Costa, Augusto Marcelo Alc?ntara. "Turismo e pobreza: percep??es dos guias de turismo, moradores e n?o moradores que trabalham na favela da Rocinha Rio de Janeiro." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2013. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18167.

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This project refers to a study somewhat controversial , as in focusing less recognized and valued hand, although the dynamics of tourism pass to take another view , you can not beforehand consider favorable or unfavorable . Analyzes the phenomenon related to conception or perception of poverty from tourism residents and non residents of the Favela of Rocinha in Rio de Janeiro tourist guides . It is a subject to an object of research somewhat controversial , but about which there is already an academic and scientific concern and deserves an investigator look. Fits as a qualitative study whose methodological procedure based on interviews and participant observation , and the geographic divisions chosen the Rocinha slum , for its expressiveness and for being a pioneer in this type of tourism , had to conducting fieldwork lasting six months, which was accompanied by at least four hours walking work of sixteen tour guides, eight residents and eight non- residents in the community, working for different travel agencies and tourism. End of each tour, all tour guides answered a semi-structured questionnaire, containing nineteen questions. Most respondents tour guides authorized record interview, which has made it possible to analyze the speech through spoken language. In tourism, foreign tourists are the main target, although rarely also count with the participation of domestic tourists. Notes that the relationship between poverty and slums, from the perceptions of tourist guides residents better reflects the reality of favela residents compared with non residents guides, since they fully know all the intricacies and better the difficulties they have endured and still go, when it comes to the issue of stigmatization respect, by which has suffered by Brazilian society, in relation to live in slums, and have your dwelling place as a tourist attraction. While presenting the social reality of Rocinha consistently during his work, the non residents guides worry about being as natural as possible with tourists as much as the locals show slum, in the same way they avoid authorize tourists to take compromising photos and that will expose the intimacy of community residents . Concludes that, while recognizing the importance of elevation to the rank of tourist attraction and its promising prospects, requires attention and priority, given the greater precariousness of the human condition in relation to the prime areas in which it operates tourism should be a vector of development, not a masking of reality
O presente projeto refere-se a um estudo um tanto controverso, na medida, em que focaliza um lado menos reconhecido e valorizado, embora a din?mica do turismo passe a ter outra visualiza??o, que n?o se pode de antem?o considerar favor?vel ou desfavor?vel. Analisa-se o fen?meno do turismo relacionado ? concep??o ou percep??o de pobreza partir dos guias de turismo moradores e n?o moradores da favela da Rocinha, no Rio de Janeiro. ? um assunto com objeto de pesquisa um tanto pol?mico, mas sobre o qual j? existe uma preocupa??o acad?mica e cient?fica e que merece um olhar investigador. Enquadra-se como estudo qualitativo, cujo procedimento metodol?gico baseado em entrevistas e observa??o participante, sendo o recorte geogr?fico escolhido a Favelada Rocinha, pela sua expressividade e por ser pioneira nessa modalidade de turismo, teve-se a realiza??o de trabalho de campo com dura??o de seis meses, onde acompanhou-se por no m?nimo quatro horas a p? o trabalho de dezesseis guias de turismo, sendo oito moradores e oito n?o moradores pela comunidade, que trabalham para diferentes ag?ncias de viagens e turismo. Ao final de cada tour, todos os guias de turismo responderam a um question?rio semiestruturado, contendo dezenove perguntas. A maioria dos guias de turismo entrevistados autorizou gravar entrevista, fato que possibilitou fazer uma an?lise do discurso atrav?s da linguagem falada. Neste turismo, os turistas estrangeiros s?o o alvo principal, embora, tamb?m conte raramente, com a participa??o de turistas nacionais. Constata que, a rela??o entre favela e pobreza, a partir das percep??es de guias de turismo moradores reflete melhor a realidade da favela comparado com guias n?o moradores, uma vez que eles conhecem inteiramente todos os meandros e melhor as dificuldades por que passaram e ainda passam, no que diz repeito ? quest?o da estigmatiza??o pela qual vem sofrendo pela sociedade brasileira, em rela??o a viver na favela, al?m de terem o seu lugar de moradia como atra??o tur?stica. Ainda que apresentem a realidade social da Rocinha de modo coerente durante seu trabalho, os guias n?o moradores preocupam-se em ser o mais natural poss?vel com os turistas, tanto quanto os moradores ao mostrar a favela, do mesmo modo em que evitam autorizarem os turistas a tirarem fotos comprometedoras e que venham expor a intimidade dos moradores da comunidade. Conclui que, apesar de reconhecer a relev?ncia de eleva??o ? categoria de atra??o tur?stica e suas promissoras perspectivas, requer aten??o e prioridade, em face da maior precariza??o da condi??o humana, em rela??o ?s ?reas nobres em que est? inserida devendo o turismo ser um vetor de desenvolvimento, n?o um mascaramento da realidade

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Books on the topic "Tour guides"

1

Rodgers, Kevin. Passengers & tour guides. Vancouver: Artspeak, 2002.

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Kraus, Adi. AA tour guides Austria. Basingstoke: Automobile Association, 1995.

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Hong Kong Institute of Architects, ed. Hong Kong tour. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Institute of Architects, 1992.

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Pacific Rim Institute of Tourism. Tour director: Occupational standards. Edmonton, Alta: Tourism Standards Consortium (Western Canada), 1994.

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Noam, Michael. The guide for guides: A tour guide manual. Jerusalem: Michael Noam mikenoam@actcom.co.il free copies available from author, 1999.

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Essentials of tour management. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1992.

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Braidwood, Barbara. Start and run a profitable tour guiding business: Part-time, full-time, at home, or abroad : your step-by-step business plan. 2nd ed. North Vancouver, B.C: Self-Counsel Press, 2000.

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1952-, Cropp Richard, Boyce Susan M. 1956-, and Yue Yanna, eds. 360p0s dao you: Dai tuan & zhuan qian & kai gong si. Beijing Shi: Zhongguo shui li shui dian chu ban she, 2005.

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Corinne, Geeting, ed. Confessions of a tour leader: A romp through the joys and mishaps of a guided tour. Rocklin, CA: Prima Pub. & Communications, 1987.

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The professional guide: Dynamics of tour guiding. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tour guides"

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Isbister, Katherine. "Party Hosts and Tour Guides." In Multiagent Systems, Artificial Societies, and Simulated Organizations, 45–52. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47373-9_5.

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Kramer, Ronny, Marko Modsching, Klaus ten Hagen, and Ulrike Gretzel. "Behavioural Impacts of Mobile Tour Guides." In Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2007, 109–18. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-69566-1_11.

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Grego, Peter. "A Tour of Mars Through the Eyepiece." In Astronomers' Observing Guides, 135–59. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2302-7_8.

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Conti, Eugenio. "Guides as forest experience co-creators: lessons learned at Fulufjället National Park, Sweden." In Managing visitor experiences in nature-based tourism, 34–48. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245714.0004.

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Abstract This chapter explores the role of tour guides as human experience brokers of naturalness in forest areas. After outlining conceptual discussions around the role and tasks of the guide as experience broker, empirical findings from Fulufjället National Park (Sweden) are presented, showing the guide as a pivotal forest experience co-creator. Implications are discussed, with particular emphasis on how the guide's personal valuations of the forest, background and personal aims are reflected in the guide's pathfinding, storytelling and staging strategies, and on how tourists are positively impacted by unexpected and different ways of valuing, mapping and interpreting the forest landscape.

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Conti, Eugenio. "Guides as forest experience co-creators: lessons learned at Fulufjället National Park, Sweden." In Managing visitor experiences in nature-based tourism, 34–48. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245714.0034.

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Abstract This chapter explores the role of tour guides as human experience brokers of naturalness in forest areas. After outlining conceptual discussions around the role and tasks of the guide as experience broker, empirical findings from Fulufjället National Park (Sweden) are presented, showing the guide as a pivotal forest experience co-creator. Implications are discussed, with particular emphasis on how the guide's personal valuations of the forest, background and personal aims are reflected in the guide's pathfinding, storytelling and staging strategies, and on how tourists are positively impacted by unexpected and different ways of valuing, mapping and interpreting the forest landscape.

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Pitman, Arthur, Josef Bernhart, Christian Posch, Martin Zambaldi, and Markus Zanker. "Time-of-Arrival Estimation in Mobile Tour Guides." In Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2013, 70–81. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36309-2_7.

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Łasiński, Gabriel, and Małgorzata Maria Bogdan. "Efficiency Evaluation Criteria of Tour Guides’ Communication Activities." In The Essence and Measurement of Organizational Efficiency, 209–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21139-8_12.

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Breuer, Franz. "Identificatory Trajectories of Holocaust Memorial Site Guides." In Tour Guides at Memorial Sites and Holocaust Museums, 151–76. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-35818-1_9.

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Ballis, Anja. "Guides at Memorial Sites and Holocaust Museums." In Tour Guides at Memorial Sites and Holocaust Museums, 11–32. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-35818-1_2.

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Kaefer, Florian. "Maja Vanmierlo on Tour Guides as Responsible Tourism Facilitators." In Sustainability Leadership in Tourism, 425–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05314-6_68.

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Conference papers on the topic "Tour guides"

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Meurisch, Christian, Lulzim Murati, Rüdiger Eichin, Benedikt Schmidt, and Max Mühlhäuser. "Tour Guides Get Guided." In MobiQuitous '18: Computing, Networking and Services. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3286978.3286987.

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Žerajić, Andrea. "THE FUTURE OF TOUR GUIDING AND ITS TRENDS IN THE POST COVID-19 SOCIETY." In Tourism International Scientific Conference Vrnjačka Banja - TISC. FACULTY OF HOTEL MANAGEMENT AND TOURISM IN VRNJAČKA BANJA UNIVERSITY OF KRAGUJEVAC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52370/tisc2295az.

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The corona virus has shaped our everyday life in many ways during the last two years. The COVID-19 pandemic has upended the travel and tourism industries and opened many questions about the future of individuals working in the tourism industry. Traditional well-known concepts must be changed. The urban tourist of the post-covid time will probably travel in a world more digitally mediated than ever before. To stay relevant during the pandemic, business organizations had to apply digital tools. Tourism organizations did the same. Therefore, the position and perspectives of the tour guides whose role has always been an inevitable segment of the touristic offer has been called into question and is significantly threatened. The number of tourists was limited because of lockdowns, which seemingly led to disappearance of the ‘traditional’ guided group tours. This paper aims to provide the description of the position of the tour guides in the world considering the current epidemiological situation and to focus on the future trends that should be developed in this field. It also emphasizes the importance of recognizing new forms of touristic offers that shall influence the way of engaging tour guides, thus considering whether digitalization will somehow suppress the “live performance” of a tour guide.

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Mustafa, Hussein A., Gibraeel A. Ismael, and Asreen R. Hassan. "The Role of Tour Guides in Developing Tourism Sector: From Managers Perspectives of Travel and Tourism Companies Operating in Erbil." In 2020 International Conference on Resources Management. Koya University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14500/icrm2020.gen293.

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Tour guides are considered a significant part of the critical player in tourism development and experience. The tour guide's role in the tourism sector differs according to its type, importance, characteristics, and location. Besides, the person who is guiding a group of people (tourists) may significantly impact attracting tourists and developing the tourism sector through the role and characteristics they played and practice during their tours. Therefore, this research aims to examine tour guides' role in developing the tourism sector: from managers' perspectives of travel and tourism companies operating in Erbil. The researchers used a survey questionnaire as a data collection tool; however, the survey sample includes 122 managers randomly selected from different tourism companies to reply to the survey questions. The conceptual scheme and hypotheses are established that emphasize the correlation and effect among the research variables; the hypotheses are tested using SPSS V.25. The research reached some conclusions; most significant, the research found a positive relationship and effect between tour guides and developing tourism.

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Cantino, Andrew S., David L. Roberts, and Charles L. Isbell. "Autonomous nondeterministic tour guides." In the 6th international joint conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1329125.1329152.

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Richards, Deborah. "Agent-based museum and tour guides." In The 8th Australasian Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2336727.2336742.

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Rashid, Roswati Abdul, Roslina Mamat, and Rokiah Paee. "Compliment Strategies Employed by Japanese and Malaysian Tour Guides during Tour Sessions." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2020. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2020.8-3.

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This research is a comparative study of Japanese language communication between the Japanese and Malay tourist guides during tourism tour sessions. The research goal is to examine patterns of compliment strategies implemented throughout the interactions of the tour sessions. The study results acquired are in the form of four recordings of a dialogue between the tourist guides and the tourists, in audio and video modes. The conversations are transcribed and coded. The tour guides included two Japanese native speakers and two Malaysian-Japanese speakers. In contrast, the tourists are Japanese native speakers who visited Malaysia, and Malaysians who attended the tourist attractions in Japan. The study reveals that the frequency of compliments applied by both Japanese and Malaysian tour guides are alike, or in other words, there are no significant differences. Nevertheless, category, function and topic or theme of compliment utterance present ssubstantial distinction.

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Žerajić, Andrea. "COVID-19 EFFECTS ON TOURISM SECTOR AND IMPLICATIONS FOR TOUR GUIDES PROFESSION IN SERBIA." In The Sixth International Scientific Conference - TOURISM CHALLENGES AMID COVID-19, Thematic Proceedings. FACULTY OF HOTEL MANAGEMENT AND TOURISM IN VRNJAČKA BANJA UNIVERSITY OF KRAGUJEVAC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52370/tisc2162az.

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The tourism industry is one of the sectors that have been hit the hardest by the Corona crisis worldwide. The pandemic has crippled domestic and international travel for the most part, resulting in significant revenue losses and liquidity problems for all tourism businesses. In the aftermath of the crisis, the industry will have to contend with people's increased need for security and trust. Tourism and hospitality industry are the most endangered industries across the globe. Tour guides represent the profession that may have been affected the most, precisely because of the seasonal nature of their work, as well as because of the way they are engaged. This paper aims to point out the problems faced by tour guides during the pandemic as well as to present, through interviews with tour guides in Serbia, the position and efforts of the professional association of tour guides of Serbia and their attempts to improve their status during this period.

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Zeng, Zhao-Xi. "A Research on the Integrated Planning of the Tour Guides' Career Considered from the Tour Guides and the Interested Parties." In 2nd Annual International Conference on Social Science and Contemporary Humanity Development. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/sschd-16.2016.111.

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Kountouris, Athanasios, and Evangelos Sakkopoulos. "Survey on Intelligent Personalized Mobile Tour Guides and a Use Case Walking Tour App." In 2018 IEEE 30th International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictai.2018.00105.

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Na, Li, and Hu Weihua. "Virtual reality applications in simulated course for tour guides." In 2012 7th International Conference on Computer Science & Education (ICCSE 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccse.2012.6295385.

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Reports on the topic "Tour guides"

1

Daniellou, François. Les facteurs humains et organisationnels de la sécurité industrielle: des questions pour progresser. Fondation pour une culture de sécurité industrielle, April 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.57071/366nwm.

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Sur tous les domaines concernés par les facteurs humains et organisationnels de la sécurité (FHOS), ce document propose une série de questions permettant d'évaluer les forces et les faiblesses d'un site en la matière. Il peut guider la réflexion individuelle d'un manager ou d'un représentant du personnel. Il peut aussi servir à favoriser le débat collectif sur tout ou partie des questions soulevées. Ce n'est pas un guide d'audit, mais un support à la réflexion individuelle et collective pour continuer à progresser dans le champ des FHOS.

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Wright, Randall, Philipp Kircher, Benoit Julîen, and Veronica Guerrieri. Directed Search: A Guided Tour. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23884.

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Svensson, Björn. Tour Guide Training Manual – Solomon Islands. Wildlife Conservation Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19121/2022.report.43122.

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Burgard, Wolfram, Armin B. Cremers, Dieter Fox, Dirk Haehnel, and Gerhard Lakemeyer. Experiences with an Interactive Museum Tour-Guide Robot. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada352295.

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Connors, L. Colored Light: A Brief Study of Stained Glass Windows, Including a Self-Guided Tour of Stained Glass in West Portland. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2090.

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Jarron, Matthew, Amy R. Cameron, and James Gemmill. Dundee Discoveries Past and Present. University of Dundee, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001182.

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A series of self-guided walking tours through pioneering scientific research in medicine, biology, forensics, nursing and dentistry from the past to the present. Dundee is now celebrated internationally for its pioneering work in medical sciences, in particular the University of Dundee’s ground-breaking research into cancer, diabetes, drug development and surgical techniques. But the city has many more amazing stories of innovation and discovery in medicine and biology, past and present, and the three walking tours presented here will introduce you to some of the most extraordinary. Basic information about each topic is presented on this map, but you will find more in-depth information, images and videos on the accompanying website at uod.ac.uk/DundeeDiscoveriesMap For younger explorers, we have also included a Scavenger Hunt – look out for the cancer cell symbols on the map and see if you can find the various features listed along the way!

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Rousseau, Henri-Paul. Gutenberg, L’université et le défi numérique. CIRANO, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/wodt6646.

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Introduction u cours des deux derniers millénaires, il y a eu plusieurs façons de conserver, transmettre et même créer la connaissance ; la tradition orale, l’écrit manuscrit, l’écrit imprimé et l’écrit numérisé. La tradition orale et le manuscrit ont dominé pendant plus de 1400 ans, et ce, jusqu’à l’apparition du livre imprimé en 1451, résultant de l’invention mécanique de Gutenberg. Il faudra attendre un peu plus de 550 ans, avant que l’invention du support électronique déloge à son tour le livre imprimé, prenant une ampleur sans précédent grâce à la révolution numérique contemporaine, résultat du maillage des technologies de l’informatique, de la robotique et de la science des données. Les premières universités qui sont nées en Occident, au Moyen Âge, ont développé cette tradition orale de la connaissance tout en multipliant l’usage du manuscrit créant ainsi de véritables communautés de maîtres et d’étudiants ; la venue de l’imprimerie permettra la multiplication des universités où l’oral et l’écrit continueront de jouer un rôle déterminant dans la création et la transmission des connaissances même si le « support » a évolué du manuscrit à l’imprimé puis vers le numérique. Au cours de toutes ces années, le modèle de l’université s’est raffiné et perfectionné sur une trajectoire somme toute assez linéaire en élargissant son rôle dans l’éducation à celui-ci de la recherche et de l’innovation, en multipliant les disciplines offertes et les clientèles desservies. L’université de chaque ville universitaire est devenue une institution florissante et indispensable à son rayonnement international, à un point tel que l’on mesure souvent sa contribution par la taille de sa clientèle étudiante, l’empreinte de ses campus, la grandeur de ses bibliothèques spécialisées ; c’est toutefois la renommée de ses chercheurs qui consacre la réputation de chaque université au cours de cette longue trajectoire pendant laquelle a pu s’établir la liberté universitaire. « Les libertés universitaires empruntèrent beaucoup aux libertés ecclésiastiques » : Étudiants et maîtres, qu'ils furent, ou non, hommes d'Église, furent assimilés à des clercs relevant de la seule justice ecclésiastique, réputée plus équitable. Mais ils échappèrent aussi largement à la justice ecclésiastique locale, n'étant justiciables que devant leur propre institution les professeurs et le recteur, chef élu de l’université - ou devant le pape ou ses délégués. Les libertés académiques marquèrent donc l’émergence d'un droit propre, qui ménageait aux maîtres et aux étudiants une place à part dans la société. Ce droit était le même, à travers l'Occident, pour tous ceux qui appartenaient à ces institutions supranationales que furent, par essence, les premières universités. À la fin du Moyen Âge, l'affirmation des États nationaux obligea les libertés académiques à s'inscrire dans ce nouveau cadre politique, comme de simples pratiques dérogatoires au droit commun et toujours sujettes à révision. Vestige vénérable de l’antique indépendance et privilège octroyé par le prince, elles eurent donc désormais un statut ambigu » . La révolution numérique viendra fragiliser ce statut. En effet, la révolution numérique vient bouleverser cette longue trajectoire linéaire de l’université en lui enlevant son quasi monopole dans la conservation et le partage du savoir parce qu’elle rend plus facile et somme toute, moins coûteux l’accès à l’information, au savoir et aux données. Le numérique est révolutionnaire comme l’était l’imprimé et son influence sur l’université, sera tout aussi considérable, car cette révolution impacte radicalement tous les secteurs de l’économie en accélérant la robotisation et la numérisation des processus de création, de fabrication et de distribution des biens et des services. Ces innovations utilisent la radio-identification (RFID) qui permet de mémoriser et de récupérer à distance des données sur les objets et l’Internet des objets qui permet aux objets d’être reliés automatiquement à des réseaux de communications .Ces innovations s’entrecroisent aux technologies de la réalité virtuelle, à celles des algorithmiques intelligentes et de l’intelligence artificielle et viennent littéralement inonder de données les institutions et les organisations qui doivent alors les analyser, les gérer et les protéger. Le monde numérique est né et avec lui, a surgi toute une série de compétences radicalement nouvelles que les étudiants, les enseignants et les chercheurs de nos universités doivent rapidement maîtriser pour évoluer dans ce Nouveau Monde, y travailler et contribuer à la rendre plus humain et plus équitable. En effet, tous les secteurs de l’activité commerciale, économique, culturelle ou sociale exigent déjà clairement des connaissances et des compétences numériques et technologiques de tous les participants au marché du travail. Dans cette nouvelle logique industrielle du monde numérique, les gagnants sont déjà bien identifiés. Ce sont les fameux GAFAM (Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon et Microsoft) suivis de près par les NATU (Netflix, Airbnb, Tesla et Uber) et par les géants chinois du numérique, les BATX (Baidu, Alibaba, Tenant et Xiaomi). Ces géants sont alimentés par les recherches, les innovations et les applications mobiles (APPs) créées par les partenaires de leurs écosystèmes regroupant, sur différents campus d’entreprises, plusieurs des cerveaux qui sont au cœur de cette révolution numérique. L’université voit donc remise en question sa capacité traditionnelle d’attirer, de retenir et de promouvoir les artisans du monde de demain. Son aptitude à former des esprits critiques et à contribuer à la transmission des valeurs universelles est également ébranlée par ce tsunami de changements. Il faut cependant reconnaître que les facultés de médecine, d’ingénierie et de sciences naturelles aux États-Unis qui ont développé des contacts étroits, abondants et suivis avec les hôpitaux, les grandes entreprises et l’administration publique et cela dès la fin du 19e siècle ont été plus en mesure que bien d’autres, de recruter et retenir les gens de talent. Elle ont énormément contribué à faire avancer les connaissances scientifiques et la scolarisation en sciences appliquées ..La concentration inouïe des Prix Nobel scientifiques aux États-Unis est à cet égard très convaincante . La révolution numérique contemporaine survient également au moment même où de grands bouleversements frappent la planète : l’urgence climatique, le vieillissement des populations, la « déglobalisation », les déplacements des populations, les guerres, les pandémies, la crise des inégalités, de l’éthique et des démocraties. Ces bouleversements interpellent les universitaires et c’est pourquoi leur communauté doit adopter une raison d’être et ainsi renouveler leur mission afin des mieux répondre à ces enjeux de la civilisation. Cette communauté doit non seulement se doter d’une vision et des modes de fonctionnement adaptés aux nouvelles réalités liées aux technologies numériques, mais elle doit aussi tenir compte de ces grands bouleversements. Tout ceci l’oblige à s’intégrer à des écosystèmes où les connaissances sont partagées et où de nouvelles compétences doivent être rapidement acquises. Le but de ce texte est de mieux cerner l’ampleur du défi que pose le monde numérique au milieu universitaire et de proposer quelques idées pouvant alimenter la réflexion des universitaires dans cette démarche d’adaptation au monde numérique. Or, ma conviction la plus profonde c’est que la révolution numérique aura des impacts sur nos sociétés et notre civilisation aussi grands que ceux provoqués par la découverte de l’imprimerie et son industrialisation au 15e siècle. C’est pourquoi la première section de ce document est consacrée à un rappel historique de la révolution de l’imprimerie par Gutenberg alors que la deuxième section illustrera comment les caractéristiques de la révolution numérique viennent soutenir cette conviction si profonde. Une troisième section fournira plus de détails sur le défi d’adaptation que le monde numérique pose aux universités alors que la quatrième section évoquera les contours du changement de paradigme que cette adaptation va imposer. La cinquième section servira à illustrer un scénario de rêves qui permettra de mieux illustrer l’ampleur de la gestion du changement qui guette les universitaires. La conclusion permettra de revenir sur quelques concepts et principes clefs pour guider la démarche vers l’action. L’université ne peut plus « être en haut et seule », elle doit être « au centre et avec » des écosystèmes de partenariats multiples, dans un modèle hybride physique/virtuel. C’est ainsi qu’elle pourra conserver son leadership historique de vigie du savoir et des connaissances d’un monde complexe, continuer d’établir l’authenticité des faits et imposer la nécessaire rigueur de la science et de l’objectivité.

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Pererva, Victoria V., Olena O. Lavrentieva, Olena I. Lakomova, Olena S. Zavalniuk, and Stanislav T. Tolmachev. The technique of the use of Virtual Learning Environment in the process of organizing the future teachers' terminological work by specialty. [б. в.], July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3868.

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This paper studies the concept related to E-learning and the Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) and their role in organizing future teachers’ terminological work by specialty. It is shown the creation and use of the VLE is a promising approach in qualitative restructuring of future specialists’ vocation training, a suitable complement rather than a complete replacement of traditional learning. The concept of VLE has been disclosed; its structure has been presented as a set of components, such as: the Data-based component, the Communication-based, the Management-and-Guiding ones, and the virtual environments. Some VLE’s potential contributions to the organization of terminological work of future biology teachers’ throughout a traditional classroom teaching, an independent work, and during the field practices has been considered. The content of professionally oriented e-courses “Botany with Basis of Geobotany” and “Latin. Botany Terminology” has been revealed; the ways of working with online definer (guide), with UkrBIN National Biodiversity Information Network, with mobile apps for determining the plant species, with digital virtual herbarium, with free software have been shown. The content of students’ activity in virtual biological laboratories and during virtual tours into natural environment has been demonstrated. The explanations about the potential of biological societies in social networks in view of students’ terminology work have been given. According to the results of empirical research, the expediency of using VLEs in the study of professional terminology by future biology teachers has been confirmed.

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Gruson-Daniel, Célya, and Maya Anderson-González. Étude exploratoire sur la « recherche sur la recherche » : acteurs et approches. Ministère de l'enseignement supérieur et de la recherche, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52949/24.

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• Introduction Dans le cadre du deuxième Plan National de la Science Ouverte, le Comité pour la science ouverte a souhaité mener une étude pour la préfiguration d’un Lab de la science ouverte (LabSO) afin de mieux comprendre le périmètre de la recherche sur la recherche (research on research) dans un contexte international. • Objectifs de l’étude : L’étude répond ainsi à trois objectifs : 1. repérer des grands courants de recherche sur la recherche (RoR) dans le paysage plus général de la recherche universitaire en Europe et outre-atlantique, en reconnaître les principaux acteurs institutionnels et différencier les approches mobilisées par les uns et les autres ; 2. proposer une méthodologie d’analyse dans une démarche de science ouverte (méthodes mixtes et cartographie numérique) pour faciliter l’appropriation de son contenu ; 3. émettre des recommandations pour faciliter le positionnement du LabSO et s’inspirer d’initiatives existantes. • Méthodologie Une série de treize entretiens et une collecte de données d’une sélection thématique de sites web ont permis de dresser un paysage d’acteurs et d’approches impliqués dans des recherches sur la recherche. Ce dernier s’est nourri d’une démarche de cartographie numérique pour repérer et visualiser les liens existants entre différentes communautés, mouvements, réseaux et initiatives (financeurs, projets, centres de recherche, fournisseurs de données, éditeurs, etc.). • Résultats Le rapport présente différents courants de « recherche sur la recherche » issus des traditions théoriques et méthodologiques de la sociologie, de l’économie, des sciences politiques, de la philosophie, des sciences de l’information et des mesures (biblio/scientométrie). Des courants plus récents sont aussi décrits. Ils s’inscrivent dans un contexte de politiques publiques favorables à la science ouverte et ont émergé dans le champ des sciences sociales computationnelles, des Big Data ou encore des domaines biomédicaux. Si certaines de ces approches s’appuient sur des courants académiques (STS, sciences des mesures) établis depuis de nombreuses décennies, d’autres comme ceux de la « métascience » ou de la « science de la science », se sont structurées plus récemment avec une visée prescriptive et de changement fondé sur des preuves (evidence-based) se basant sur un engagement normatif pour une science plus ouverte, inclusive et diverse. Bien loin d’un paysage statique, l’étude fait ressortir des recherches en mouvement, des débats tout autant que des mises en garde afin que certains courants « ne réinventent pas la roue » en faisant fit d’une longue tradition académique de l’étude des sciences et de la production scientifiques. De nouvelles alliances entre centres de recherche et laboratoires, institutions subventionnaires, décideurs politiques et fournisseurs de données ont été repérées. Elles participent à une dynamique actuelle d’équipement des politiques publiques par des outils d’évaluation et des protocoles de recherche pour guider les actions menées, on parle d’évidence-based policies. Un des exemples les plus récents étant laa seconde feuille de route du RoRI1 poussant notamment à la formation d’un réseau international d’instituts de recherche sur la recherche, fondé sur le partage et la mutualisation de données, de méthodes et d’outils. Outre la présentation de ces différents acteurs et courants, le rapport pointe le rôle joué par les infrastructures et les fournisseurs de données scientifiques (publications, données, métadonnées, citations, etc.) dans la structuration de ce paysage et les équilibres à trouver. • Recommandations 1. Accompagner la construction d’indicateurs et de métriques par le biais d’un regard critique et de discussions collectives pour mesurer leurs impacts sur les comportements des professionnels de la recherche (mésusages, gaming). 2. Porter attention aux étapes de diffusion des résultats scientifiques issus des « recherches sur la recherche » pour les adapter aux différents publics ciblés (chercheurs, responsables des politiques publiques de recherche, journalistes, etc.). 3. Articuler les travaux de « recherche sur la recherche » avec une démarche de science ouverte en questionnant notamment les choix faits concernant les fournisseurs de données, les infrastructures et outils d’évaluation, de découvrabilité et d’analyse de la production scientifique (gouvernance, utilisation des données, etc.). 4. Soutenir les approches thématiques et transversales plutôt que disciplinaire de manière collaborative entre les différents membres du Lab de la science ouverte et aider le dialogue entre les différentes approches et mouvements (STS, research on research, science of science, scientométrie, etc.)

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