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Academic literature on the topic 'Tossicità polmonare'
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Journal articles on the topic "Tossicità polmonare"
Gadaleta-Caldarola, Gennaro. "Paziente con carcinoma mammario oligometastatico HER2-positivo, lungosopravvivente in trattamento con lapatinib/ capecitabina dopo resezione e termoablazione polmonare." AboutOpen 3, no. 1 (December 29, 2017): 100–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.19156/abtpn.2017.0023.
Full textMasiello, Addolorata, and et al. "Switch farmacologici per interazioni e tossicità in paziente HIV late presenter." JHA - Journal of HIV and Ageing, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19198/jha31545.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Tossicità polmonare"
MARCHETTI, SARA. "A CASE STUDY ON COMBUSTION-DERIVED PARTICLES: EVALUATION OF THE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS ON HUMAN PULMONARY CELL LINES." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/261925.
Full textAirborne pollution is a noteworthy environmental and health threat. It has been classified as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1) and greatly contributes to increased morbidity, mortality and respiratory and cardiovascular diseases exacerbation. Air pollution can be generated both by natural and anthropogenic sources. Among anthropogenic sources the main contributors are diesel exhaust and biomass-derived particles. Several experimental and epidemiological studies have been performed on traffic-related and biomass burning-derived particles as chief contributors to the adverse health effects reported after exposure to particulate matter (PM). These studies describe the particle toxicological effects reporting different responses on the biological endpoints investigated on in vitro and in vivo systems. PM properties indeed may vary depending on several parameters, including emission sources. According to the different emission sources, particles can show different physico-chemical properties, such as size, shape, surface area, solubility and chemical composition. All these properties might seriously affect the biological reactivity and thus the final impact on human health. Nevertheless, our knowledge on the different biological responses and molecular mechanisms triggered by particles with variable physico-chemical properties is still poor. In the present thesis, the cytotoxic, genotoxic and pro-carcinogenic properties of particles collected during combustion of different biomass and diesel sources (CDPs) have been investigated: - biomass particles collected from the emission of a heating system operating with pellet, charcoal or wood respectively; - diesel exhaust ultrafine particles (DEP) directly sampled from a Euro IV vehicle run over a chassis dyno. In the first part of the work, attention was given to particles collected from biomass combustion. The role possibly played by biomass particles collected during the combustion of different fuels under identical conditions in the same stove (commonly used) on different toxicological and pro-carcinogenesis processes was investigated. To further explore the relative role of the particle core versus particle-adsorbed compounds in the lung epithelial cells response, the respective organic fractions and the remaining washed particles were also tested. Two different cell lines were used to assess biomass effects after acute and prolonged exposure: A549 alveolar epithelial cells (Chapters 1 and 2) and HBEC-3KT bronchial epithelial cells (Chapter 3). In the second part of the work (Chapter 4), the biological effects induced by diesel combustion particles (DEP) were described, focusing on their health hazard at both respiratory and vascular levels. Moreover, a possible molecular mechanism leading to cardiovascular effects induced by DEP has been explored. In conclusion, the present thesis points out the central role of the particle chemical composition in generating significant adverse outcomes. These results demonstrated that particles from different emission sources and fuels may differently affect human health at respiratory and cardiovascular levels according to their composition. Thus, advanced strategies are needed to reduce the biological impact triggered by the emission of diesel engine and biomass-propelled heating systems and prevent harmful health effects.
ZERBONI, ALESSANDRA. "STUDY ON THE BIO-INTERACTION AND TOXIC EFFECTS OF PARTICLES EMITTED FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES: CONTRIBUTION TO RISK MANAGEMENT." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/314179.
Full textDue to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, air pollution remains a global issue for the 21st century. There is an urgent need to establish the real impact of Particulate Matter (PM) on human health by including the analysis of sources, size distribution, physico-chemical (P-chem) composition, and toxicological mechanisms. Increasing in vitro data for establishing pathways of toxicity in human cell lines exposed to specific air pollutants from rigorously characterized emission sources, could help to improve scientifically sound approaches in health risk characterizations, which finally may result in regulatory actions potentially more effective to protect public health. The aim of this thesis was to study the in vitro effects of particles emitted from different combustion sources using human lung cells, focusing on the relationship between the PM P-chem attributes and the cellular and molecular pathways that drive the toxicity. In vitro models, representative of the human respiratory system, were used to study the bio-interaction and toxicological effects of particles. Different exhaust particles were compared, with special emphasis on fine and ultrafine Particles (UFPs), namely Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) from old and new generation vehicles and on particles emitted from the combustion of solid biomass fuels for residential heating. The emissions from vehicles and biomass-propelled stoves, as well as the PM collection, were performed in collaboration with INNOVHUB SSI (Fuels Department), while the P-chem characterization and toxicological studies were carried out in the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT)- POLARIS research centre (Polveri in Ambiente e Rischio per la Salute) and at the Consumer Products Safety Unit of the European Commission's Joint Research Centre. The results of this work show that testing different material sampled in realistic conditions allows evaluating how the toxicity of particles may vary in relation to the source. These data suggest that oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines releases are crucial events after DEP exposure, which can also lead to vascular endothelial activation. Comparing an old generation diesel vehicle without DPF (Diesel Particulate Filter) and last generation (or “Euro 6”) one during regeneration of DPF, we proved that Euro 6 is less powerful in activating the biological response, and it is characterized by different metal composition and less concentration of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) than the old generation engine, although the exhaust emission from Euro 6 during DPF regeneration is characterized by a higher number of nucleation-mode particles. DEP emitted from an old generation diesel vehicle was confirmed as a very hazardous component of the urban PM, even when compared to Combustion derived particles (CDPs) from wood burning. However, the possible consequences on human health from chronic exposure to the wood CDPs should not be excluded. Moreover, the co-exposure effects of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles (NPs), representative of non-exhaust sources, and DEP were also evaluated. The co-exposure with DEP can either reduce the toxicity of NPs or enhance it. This finding indicates that the possible interaction of different hazardous airborne particles and the toxicity deriving from the mixture effects should be evaluated.
IACOBELLI, SILVIA. "Neoplasie polmonari in fase localmente avanzata (NSCLC): previsione di tossicità e relativa esecuzione con trattamento radiochemioterapico frazionato/IMRT mediante utilizzo di immagini SPECT/TC con modifica personalizzata dei limiti di dose." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1349129.
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