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1
Allen, Debra. "Parent and student perceptions of the science learning environment and its influence on student outcomes." Thesis, Curtin University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1252.
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This thesis reports on the modification, validation and application of a classroom learning environment questionnaire. This thesis is distinctive in that parents' perceptions were utilised in conjunction with students' perceptions in investigating science classroom learning environments among Grade 4 and 5 students in South Florida. The What is Happening in this Class? (WIHIC) questionnaire was modified for young students and their parents. Data from samples of students and parents were analysed to check the reliability and validity of the modified questionnaires and to examine similarities and differences between parents' and students' perceptions of the learning environment. Associations between parents' and students' perceptions of the science learning environment and student outcomes (attitude and achievement) were also investigated in this study. Parents and students were interviewed to check further the validity and reliability of questionnaires and to enhance the richness of the quantitative findings. Interviews with parents and students, along with classroom observations, offered some insights into the quantitative findings. Data analyses supported the WIHIC's factorial validity, internal consistency reliability and ability to differentiate between the perceptions of students in different classrooms. Both students and parents preferred a more positive classroom environment than the one perceived to be actually present, but effect sizes for actual-preferred differences were larger for parents than for students.Associations were found between some learning environment dimensions (especially Task Orientation) and student outcomes (especially attitudes). Qualitative methods suggest that students and parents were generally satisfied with the classroom environment but that students would prefer more investigation while parents would prefer more teacher support. The study provides a pioneering look at how parents and students perceive the science learning environment and opens the way for further learning environment studies involving parents and students.
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Lowe, John Paul. "The Effect of Cooperative Group Work and Assessment on the Attitudes of Students towards Science in New Zealand." Thesis, Curtin University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/955.
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The improvement of secondary-level students’ attitude to science is encouraged in the New Zealand curriculum document. It is also noteworthy that employers in scientific institutions and commercial organisations place great value on group or teamwork. However, it is apparent that some teachers have reservations about cooperative group work, particularly problems with classroom management. There has been significant research done on cooperative learning and student attitudes, but investigations about the use of cooperative group work to improve the science-related attitudes of our younger secondary school students are rare. This thesis focuses on the effect of cooperative group work and assessment on the attitudes of 312 science students in four rural secondary schools in New Zealand. The cooperative groups were established using a simplified protocol which was non intrusive on curriculum delivery to help ensure wide acceptance by secondary science teachers. The students’ attitudes were assessed quantitatively using the Test of Science Related Attitudes (TOSRA) while qualitative results were obtained through teacher and student interviews along with researcher observations.. The data were collected before and after three terms of cooperative learning in a variety of activities including practical classes, fieldwork, and written assignments and class tests. This part of the study revealed that group work and group assessment enhanced students’ attitudes to science, with both the teachers and students seeing real value in such activities, especially the formative group testing opportunities. The study also confirmed the reliability and validity of the TOSRA in New Zealand schools for the first time.The TOSRA was also used to make comparisons of the science-related attitudes of several subgroups within the study population. Such comparisons included the effects of gender, grade level and band along with consideration of the roles of the teacher and classroom environment on student attitudes. Finally, a teacher friendly set of guidelines for the implementation of cooperative group work and assessment in the classroom has been prepared as result of this ongoing research.
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Allen, Debra. "Parent and student perceptions of the science learning environment and its influence on student outcomes." Curtin University of Technology, Science and Mathematics Education Centre, 2003. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=13919.
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This thesis reports on the modification, validation and application of a classroom learning environment questionnaire. This thesis is distinctive in that parents' perceptions were utilised in conjunction with students' perceptions in investigating science classroom learning environments among Grade 4 and 5 students in South Florida. The What is Happening in this Class? (WIHIC) questionnaire was modified for young students and their parents. Data from samples of students and parents were analysed to check the reliability and validity of the modified questionnaires and to examine similarities and differences between parents' and students' perceptions of the learning environment. Associations between parents' and students' perceptions of the science learning environment and student outcomes (attitude and achievement) were also investigated in this study. Parents and students were interviewed to check further the validity and reliability of questionnaires and to enhance the richness of the quantitative findings. Interviews with parents and students, along with classroom observations, offered some insights into the quantitative findings. Data analyses supported the WIHIC's factorial validity, internal consistency reliability and ability to differentiate between the perceptions of students in different classrooms. Both students and parents preferred a more positive classroom environment than the one perceived to be actually present, but effect sizes for actual-preferred differences were larger for parents than for students.Associations were found between some learning environment dimensions (especially Task Orientation) and student outcomes (especially attitudes). Qualitative methods suggest that students and parents were generally satisfied with the classroom environment but that students would prefer more investigation while parents would prefer more teacher support. The study provides a pioneering look at how parents and students perceive the science learning environment and opens the way for further learning environment studies involving parents and students.
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Lowe, John Paul. "The Effect of Cooperative Group Work and Assessment on the Attitudes of Students towards Science in New Zealand." Full text available, 2004. http://adt.curtin.edu.au/theses/available/adt-WCU20041112.102310.
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Schulteis, Michael. "The condition and effects of evolutionary education in the parochial school." Thesis, Curtin University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2206.
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The purpose of this research was to determine the condition of evolution education in American parochial schools and the effect of evolution education on students' attitudes toward science. Data were gathered using Eraser's Test of Science Related Attitudes (TOSRA) and Bilica's Teaching Evolutionary Topics Survey (TETS). The research participants consisted of 60.3% of biology teachers currently teaching in Lutheran high schools in the United States, and 479 Lutheran high school biology students grades 9-12 in California, Nevada, and Arizona. In the first attitudinal study done specifically on parochial students, statistical analysis confirmed the reliability and validity of the TOSRA instrument for parochial school students. In a quasi-experimental design, analysis revealed that student science attitudes do change as a result of participating in a unit on evolution in the first year biology classes of secondary parochial schools. The emphasis placed by teachers on particular evolutionary topics was also analysed. It was found that all Lutheran high school biology teachers present evolution to some extent although not all topics are emphasized equally. The results also demonstrate that parochial school teachers have nearly the same emphasis placed on evolution as do public school teachers.
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Burfitt, Helen, and n/a. "Girls and science : a study of the attitudes to science of high school students." University of Canberra. Education, 1988. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060619.171839.
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In a case study of over three hundred students in one Canberra high school, the attitudes to
science of boys and girls in Years 7-10 were investigated using the Test of Science-Related
Attitudes (TOSRA). From this survey population, forty students were selected and
interviewed to explore in more detail students' attitudes to science. Parents of the
interviewed students were also surveyed to explore possible relationships between
students' attitudes and parental expectations and aspirations.
For the seven areas of attitudes investigated, students had positive attitudes to science in the
areas of social implications of science, normality of scientists, attitudes to scientific enquiry
and adoption of scientific attitudes. They displayed neutral to negative attitudes in the areas
of enjoyment of science lessons, leisure interest in science and career interest in science.
There was a significant difference between boys and girls in two of the seven areas with
girls being more negative than boys to a leisure interest in science, and girls more positive
than boys towards the normality of scientists.
When analysed for year at school and achievement in science, the data indicates that older
students and those with higher grades in science generally have a more positive or less
negative attitude to science. However, as a group, Year 8 girls were more negative than
other groups about the enjoyment of their science lessons, about a leisure interest in science
and about a career interest in science.
The interviews with students revealed that in general, they liked science and their science
teachers but that they would not choose science for leisure activities or for a career. Parents
are shown to have high aspirations and somewhat lower expectations for the career
prospects of their children. Both parents and students display stereotypical views about
certain careers based on gender.
Strategies to improve the attitude to science of boys and girls are suggested. These
strategies focus on activities for teachers, parents and the students themselves.
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Schulteis, Michael. "The condition and effects of evolutionary education in the parochial school." Curtin University of Technology, Science and Mathematics Education Centre, 2005. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=15999.
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The purpose of this research was to determine the condition of evolution education in American parochial schools and the effect of evolution education on students' attitudes toward science. Data were gathered using Eraser's Test of Science Related Attitudes (TOSRA) and Bilica's Teaching Evolutionary Topics Survey (TETS). The research participants consisted of 60.3% of biology teachers currently teaching in Lutheran high schools in the United States, and 479 Lutheran high school biology students grades 9-12 in California, Nevada, and Arizona. In the first attitudinal study done specifically on parochial students, statistical analysis confirmed the reliability and validity of the TOSRA instrument for parochial school students. In a quasi-experimental design, analysis revealed that student science attitudes do change as a result of participating in a unit on evolution in the first year biology classes of secondary parochial schools. The emphasis placed by teachers on particular evolutionary topics was also analysed. It was found that all Lutheran high school biology teachers present evolution to some extent although not all topics are emphasized equally. The results also demonstrate that parochial school teachers have nearly the same emphasis placed on evolution as do public school teachers.
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Idiris, Suleiman Alhaji. "An investigation of the nature and effects of the learning environment in agricultural science classrooms in Nigeria." Thesis, Curtin University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1995.
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This study consolidates a long tradition of research involving the development/adaptation and validation of instruments assessing students' perceptions of psychosocial aspects of their classroom learning environments, and their use in investigating both the effects of classroom environment on student outcomes and determinants of classroom environment. The present study is distinctive, however, in that it is one of the few such studies conducted in Nigeria and the first classroom environment study conduced specificallly in agricultural science classrooms.The sample consisted of 1 175 students in 50 classes in 20 schools in eight states and the Federal Capital Territory. Both the individual student and the class mean were used as units of statistical analysis. The classroom environment instrument assessed negotiation, autonomy, student centredness, investigation and differentiation, and the student outcomes were attitudes, enquiry skills and practical performance.Each classroom environment scale was found to have satisfactory internal consistency reliability and discriminant validity and to differentiate between the perceptions of students in different classrooms. Satistically significant associations were found between classroom environment and the two student outcomes of attitudes and enquiry skills, but not for practical performance. When classroom environment dimensions were used as dependant variables, significant differences were found between schools with different school-level environments and between schools in forest and savanna regions.
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Idiris, Suleiman Alhaji. "An investigation of the nature and effects of the learning environment in agricultural science classrooms in Nigeria." Curtin University of Technology, Science and Mathematics Education Centre, 1994. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=15405.
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This study consolidates a long tradition of research involving the development/adaptation and validation of instruments assessing students' perceptions of psychosocial aspects of their classroom learning environments, and their use in investigating both the effects of classroom environment on student outcomes and determinants of classroom environment. The present study is distinctive, however, in that it is one of the few such studies conducted in Nigeria and the first classroom environment study conduced specificallly in agricultural science classrooms.The sample consisted of 1 175 students in 50 classes in 20 schools in eight states and the Federal Capital Territory. Both the individual student and the class mean were used as units of statistical analysis. The classroom environment instrument assessed negotiation, autonomy, student centredness, investigation and differentiation, and the student outcomes were attitudes, enquiry skills and practical performance.Each classroom environment scale was found to have satisfactory internal consistency reliability and discriminant validity and to differentiate between the perceptions of students in different classrooms. Satistically significant associations were found between classroom environment and the two student outcomes of attitudes and enquiry skills, but not for practical performance. When classroom environment dimensions were used as dependant variables, significant differences were found between schools with different school-level environments and between schools in forest and savanna regions.
10
Tulloch, Denton. "Determinants and effects of the learning environment in college classes." Thesis, Curtin University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2203.
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This study investigated sex, age, and ethnicity as determinants of classroom environment, as well as the effects of classroom environment on student attitudes at an urban two-year or junior college in Florida, USA. The sample consisted of 544 students in 29 classes that were randomly chosen.The Constructivist Learning Environment Survey (CLES) was used to assess the way in which students perceived their classroom environment, whereas a modified version of the Enjoyment of Science Lessons scale from the Test of Science-Related Attitudes (TOSRA) was used to assess students’ attitudes toward the subject taught in the classes surveyed. Data analyses supported the CLES’s factorial validity, internal consistency reliability, and its ability to differentiate between classrooms when used with adult learners in a post-secondary setting. Similarly, results from analyses conducted on the revised TOSRA scale revealed satisfactory internal consistency reliability.A three-way MANOVA for sex, age and ethnic differences in classroom environment perceptions and enjoyment revealed that: females enjoyed their classes significantly more than did males; students 25 years and older had higher Shared Control and Enjoyment scores, but lower Student Negotiation scores, than did students younger than 25 years; and there were no significant differences between African-Americans and students of other ethnicities for any learning environment scale or for enjoyment. A large effect size of 0.88 standard deviations, suggesting an educationally important sex difference, was found for the attitude scale. However, effect sizes of modest magnitude, ranging from 0.21 to 0.29 standard deviations, were found for age difference.Past research was replicated in that positive and statistically significant bivariate and multivariate associations were found between students’ enjoyment of classes and their perceptions of classroom learning environment. In particular, students enjoyed their classes more when there was a greater emphasis on Shared Control and Student Negotiation. In other words, students responded more positively when they perceived that they had a role to play in the design and management of the learning environment, as well as when opportunities existed for them to explore among their peers the viability of newly developing ideas.Overall, my results suggest that the CLES and the TOSRA are valid and reliable instruments that researchers can use with confidence to measure adult students’ perceptions of learning environment and attitudes, respectively, in the two-year college setting. While no significant sex difference was found for any learning environment scale, females enjoyed their classrooms more than did males. Relative to younger students, older students had higher Student Negotiation and Enjoyment scores. A possible implication is that teachers should make classrooms more appealing and enjoyable to males, while making younger adults feel a greater sense of inclusion in their classrooms.
11
Moenikes, Ansgar. "Tora ohne Mose : zur Vorgeschichte der Mose-Tora /." Berlin : Philo, 2004. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=013004084&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Buhl, Nils E. "Tora! Tora! Tora!: The attack on Pearl Harbor from a prospect theoretic, culture-centric perspective." Connect to online resource, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1446084.
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Rosales, Ava Dawn Innerarity. "A precollege engineering program’s effects on the grade eight minority students’ attitudes and achievement in science and mathematics." Thesis, Curtin University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1061.
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The National Science Board has declared that the production of citizens literate in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) is at an all time low in the United States. Schools are not sufficiently preparing students to enter and complete postsecondary studies in STEM areas to ensure their global competitiveness and place the economy in the stable standing experienced over the decades The U.S. has been known for its innovation; however, in the changing global climate, countries like India and China are out-producing, out-graduating and becoming the technological centres of the 21st Century. Thirty-five years ago, several organizations tried to address similar issues while focusing on minorities. Nevertheless, these efforts had not seemed to take a stronghold in school districts until recently, and even then, the question remains - What impact is the program having on eliminating the achievement gap so that all students are prepared to enter postsecondary studies in STEM?This research attempts to examine a precollege engineering program’s impact on minority students’ attitudes and achievement in mathematics and science. The program is called SECME, formerly the Southeastern Consortium for Minorities in Engineering. The study used a research framework for curriculum evaluation to assess the presence and participation of middle school minority students in a precollege engineering program through an analysis of the intent of the program, its implementation and the actual program outcomes. The research incorporated a prepost design with triangulation of methods through the use of pre- and posttest surveys using the modified Test of Science Related Attitudes (TOSRA) and Test of Mathematics Related Attitudes (TOMRA), researcher-developed questionnaires, and observations. Academic achievement was determined by student performance on the state administered Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test (FCAT).The setting of the study took place in an urban public school district, the fourth largest in the nation, located in the southeast section of the United States of America (USA). In this district, the minority group actually represented the majority of the district population; a demographic trend that is expected to be realised nationally in the next 50 years. The study took place over a two-year period and only sampled students from heterogeneously-mixed or co-educational middle school environments. However, due to problems with collecting post-test data, only the second year of the data are reported in this thesis. The participants in this study were from 10 of the 54 middle schools in the district. In-depth case studies were conducted with three of the schools which were purposefully selected for their diverse representations of student populations across the district.The modified TOSRA and TOMRA were used, along with researcher developed questionnaires, to analyse SECME and non-SECME middle grades students’ attitudes towards science and mathematics, respectively. The criterion-referenced test that held schools accountable for instruction, the Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test (FCAT) Sunshine State Standards (SSS), along with the FCAT Norm-Referenced Test (NRT) were used to ascertain and compare student achievement in science and mathematics, respectively. The FCAT SSS assesses the state standards that are expected to be taught in Florida science classrooms, and the FCAT NRT compares Florida students with their peers nationally. An analysis of these data indicated that a comparison in science achievement and attitudes to science between ethnicities for SECME and non-SECME students indicated no significant difference on the subscale posttest attitudinal scores. There were, however, significant differences for the non-SECME students between ethnicities and their scores on the FCAT SSS, in particular between White American and African American and between Others and African American students.In mathematics, there was a significant difference with respect to the FCAT SSS Mathematics and Achievement Levels, in favour of non-SECME students. Of note, there were no significant differences in the NRT Mathematics percentile and posttest attitudinal scores of the TOMRA for SECME and non-SECME males. This is of particular interest because the NRT compares students nationally as opposed to the FCAT SSS that assesses the student’s knowledge solely of the state’s curriculum content. Overall analysis, also indicated no statistically significant differences between ethnicities for the SECME students on the TOMRA scales or the Mathematics Achievement tests as opposed to the non-SECME students that demonstrated a statistically significant difference between ethnicities. This finding appears to be an indication that the achievement gap across ethnicities in this sample of SECME students did not exist. Another finding of interest was that Adoption of Scientific Attitude is a significant, independent predictor of FCAT Mathematics Achievement Level, and for SECME students, Enjoyment of Mathematics Lessons correlated positively with FCAT SSS Mathematics scores and FCAT NRT Mathematics percentile scores.The implementation of the program seems to be addressing the needs of minority participation with respect to Hispanic males, but insufficiently for the African American males and females. This finding was evident with the number of respondents on the surveys and participation in SECME program offerings and in the case studies. Qualitative data revealed that there is a lack of African American male coordinators and role models for the students participating in the SECME program which could result in fewer numbers of these students participating in events. There was also commentary that transportation was an issue for these students which may have contributed to the low participation of these students in Saturday seminars.A more extensive representation of the SECME program’s achieved curriculum would have been better analysed without certain limitations to the study. One such limitation was the fact that the FCAT SSS and NRT for science were only administered in the middle school years during grade 8. This limited the study sample for the quantitative data collection. Additionally, a longitudinal study of these same students as they move through senior high school, college, and eventually careers, should be forefront for further research to assess the efficacy of this and any other precollege engineering program.
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Le, Anna, and Ebba Karlsson. "Cigarettröknings påverkan på torra ögon." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för medicin och optometri (MEO), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-104783.
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Syftet med studien var att genom en litteraturstudie undersöka cigarettröknings påverkan på torra ögon och ögats främre delar. Har cigarettrökning en negativ inverkan på parametrarna för torra ögon? Litteraturstudien genomfördes utifrån sökningar via Web of Science och Pubmed på tidigare kliniska studier och vetenskapliga publikationer. Sökningarna utfördes mellan 2021-03-18 och 2021-03-26. För att specificera sökresultaten skulle artiklarna finnas i fulltext och vara publicerade från år 2016-2021. Sökorden som tillämpades var ”dry eye and smoking” och ”dry eye + smoking”. Studier med färre än 50 deltagare och litteraturstudier/reviews exkluderades. De fem mest relevanta artiklarna utifrån sökresultaten valdes ut för att ingå i studien. Totalt deltog 2692 personer i studierna. Mängden cigarettrökning varierade mellan studierna. Frågeformulären som utfördes var Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) och Mcmonnies Dry Eye Questionnaire (MDEQ), dessa visade en statistisk signifikant skillnad på symptompoäng mellan rökare och icke-rökare i två av fem studier. Det sågs en statistisk signifikant skillnad i Tear Break Up Time (TBUT) mellan testgrupperna i tre av fem studier. Studien visar att cigarettrökning påverkar torra ögon, torra ögonsymptom, ögats främre delar och meibomska körtlarna negativt. Dock ses stora variationer i vad som påverkas inom olika grupper, vilket gör det svårt att fastställa exakt vilken påverkan cigarettrökning har på torra ögon. Fler studier med fler deltagare, ett bestämt antal cigaretter per dag under en bestämd period samt tydliga riktlinjer för utvärdering av DED behövs för att fastställa cigarettröknings påverkan på torra ögon.
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Stenkvist, Viktor, and Peter Larsson. "Bränslecellskonvertering av linfärjan Tora." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Sjöfartshögskolan (SJÖ), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-34491.
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Denna rapport består av information och data som har samlats in i syfte att kunna presentera en genomförbar konvertering av linfärjan Toras framdrivningssystem, som idag utgörs av dieselelektrisk drift, till bränslecellsdrift. Den bränslecell som behandlas i rapporten är PEMFC och är en bränslecellstyp som drivs av ren vätgas. Resultaten tjänar som en informationskälla för en potentiell konvertering och presenteras för Trafikverket, som ett alternativ i linje med Sveriges regerings mål att reducera mängden CO2 utsläpp på en nationell nivå. Informationen i rapporten har insamlats via mail- och telefonkontakt samt ett besök på Tora på plats i Stockholm. Ett genomförande av konverteringen är fullt möjligt men mer kostsamt än dieseldrift i dagsläget med avseende på höga bränsle- och inköpskostnader utav bränsleceller. Med framtidens hårdare utsläppskrav och eventuella förbud av fossila bränslen, så kanske vätgasen kan bli aktuell som bränsle, trots de höga kostnader som finns.This report consists of the information and data collected in the purpose of presenting a viable option for a conversion from diesel-electric energy supply, to fuel cell energy supply for the propulsion of the cable ferry Tora. The fuel cell mentioned in this report is a PEMFC, which is powered by pure hydrogen. The result serves as a platform of information for a potential conversion and is presented to Trafikverket as an option that corresponds with the Swedish government’s goal of CO2 reduction on a national level. The information in this report was collected via email and telephone contact, and a visit to Tora in Stockholm. An implementation of the conversion is entirely possible but comes with a greater cost then diesel operation at the present time with regards to high fuel and purchase costs of fuel cells. With tomorrow's tougher emission requirements and possible ban on fossil fuels, then maybe hydrogen gas can be viable as fuel, despite the high cost.
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Mari, Odile. "Utilisation de Spongia tosta en homéopathie." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2P027.
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Kosch, Daniel. "Die eschatologische Tora des Menschensohnes : Untersuchungen zur Rezeption der Stellung Jesu zur Tora in Q /." Freiburg : Göttingen : Schweiz : Universitätsverl. ; Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb366568060.
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Hoback, Tommy. "Patienters upplevelser av att ha torra ögon." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-29301.
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Torra ögon beror på en tårfilmsdefekt och ger symtom såsom skav, irritation och dimsyn. Symtomen kan orsakas av till exempel sjukdomar, läkemedelbiverkningar eller miljöfaktorer. Syftet med denna pilotstudie var att undersöka patienters upplevelser av att ha torra ögon. Studien genomfördes som en kvalitativ intervjustudie med en induktiv ansats. Databearbetningen genomfördes med hjälp av en manifest innehållsanalys. Följande kategorier framkom: fysisk påverkan, begränsningar, att bli tagen på allvar, utvecklat ett förhållningssätt till sin situation samt stöd och social gemenskap. Patienter med torra ögon upplever att de påverkas fysiskt genom att ögonen till exempel skaver, kliar och smärtar. Vissa miljöer och aktiviteter påverkar symtomen i negativ riktning. Patienterna påverkas i sin vardag på så sätt att de har svårigheter att se på tv, att köra bil under längre tid eller att läsa. Vissa miljöer kan vara ansträngande att arbeta i. Bemötande och information från ögonsjukvården upplevs ibland som bristfällig. Patienterna verkar ändå acceptera sin situation, prövar sig fram och försöker hitta lösningar. Att kunna träffa och diskutera sin situation och sina behandlingar kring torra ögon med andra patienter i samma situation upplevs som positivt, då detta bidrar till social gemenskap och utveckling av egenvården. Ökad förståelse för hur patienter med torra ögon påverkas och upplever sin situation är viktigt för att kunna tillgodose patienternas egenvårdsbehov och för att ge sjukvårdspersonal evidensbaserad kunskap. Mer forskning, såväl flera som mer omfattande studier behövs för att öka kunskapen om patienter med torra ögon.Dry eyes are due to a tear film defect, give symptoms such as chafing, eye irritation and blurred vision. The symptoms may be caused by, diseases, medication side effects or environmental factors. The aim of this pilot study was to examine patients ' experiences of having dry eyes. The study was conducted as a qualitative interview study with an inductive approach. Data processing was performed using a manifest content analysis. The following categories emerged; physical impact, limitations, to be taken seriously, developed an approach to his/her situation, and support and social community. Patients with dry eyes feel they are physically affected by chafing, itching and pain. Some environments and activities affect the symptoms in a negative direction. The patients are affected in daily life, such as difficulties watching television, to drive a car for longer periods of time, or to read. The personal treatment and information from staff in an eye department are sometimes seen as failing. Patients seem to accept their situation, they are testing their own ways trying to find solutions. To be able to meet and discuss their situation and their treatments of dry eye with other patients in the same situation is perceived as positive, as this contributes to a sense of social relationship and a development of patient self-care. Better understanding of how patients with dry eye are affected by and experiences their situation is important in order to meet patients ' self-care needs and to provide the medical staff evidence-based knowledge. There is a need to increase the knowledge about patients with dry eyes and their experiences to this problem. More extensive studies in this area need to be accomplished.
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Hallström, Gustav. "Som fisken i vattnet på torra land." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-168579.
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Vad gör en fiskmarknad i Stockholm? Projektet, som utgår från idén om en fiskmarknad på Skeppsbron i Gamla stan, har fokuserats på en alternativ lösning där fisk och grönsaker odlas i ett slutet system – akvaponi. Anledning till den alternativa ingången är Östersjöns dåliga hälsotillstånd, som är en följd av en lång tids ogenerade föroreningar. Östersjöfisken är i dag förbjuden att sälja som matfisk inom EU, men svenska politiker har aktivt sökt, och fått, dispens för en inhemsk försäljning av den förgiftade fisken. Kvinnor och barn avråds i dag från att äta östersjöfisk mer än tre gånger per år. Är det då hållbart att viga en så central plats som Skeppsbron åt en romantiserad fiskhall som bär färre än hundra ”lokala” fiskare under armarna, och som riktar sig till ett smalt, i huvudsak manligt kundsegment? En strategi formas för att kunna tillgodose en fiskmarknad med enbart fisk odlad på plats, samtidigt som den inre organisation och stadsrummet tas i beaktan.What is a fish market doing in Stockholm? The project, based on the idea of a fish market on Skeppsbron in the old town of Stockholm (Gamla stan), has its focus on an alternative solution where fish and vegetables are grown in a closed system – aquaponics. The reason for the alternative solution is the bad health situation for the Baltic sea, which is the outcome of a long period of unashamed polluting. The fish from the Baltic sea is illegal to sell as food within the EU, but Swedish politicians have actively sought, and received, exemption for a regional trade with the poisoned fish. Women and children are advised to refrain from eating fish from the Baltic sea more than three times per year. Is it then sustainable to use such a central place as Skeppsbron for a romanticized fish market that pays for less than a hundred “local” fishermen, and that addresses a narrow, mainly male segment? A strategy is formed to provide for a fish market with only fish bred on location, at the same time taking in consideration the inner organization and the cityscape.
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Stoltz, Anders. "Effektivare samverkansbroar : prefabricerade farbanor med torra fogar." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-18657.
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Dagens vägbroar utgörs ofta av samverkanskonstruktioner med bärande huvudbalkar av stål och farbana av betong. Detta sätt att bygga har visat sig vara kostnadseffektivt. På senare tid har det blivit allt viktigare att byggtiden dessutom skall minimeras så långt som möjligt för att på detta sätt minska investeringskostnaden. Dessutom ställs det krav på hög kvalitet och säkerhet. Uppsatsen presenterar en metod som gör det möjligt att uppfylla dessa krav vid byggande av samverkansbroar. Metoden baseras på ett system som har hög prefabriceringsgrad. Förutom stålbalkarna så är även betongfarbanan prefabricerad. Det unika med metoden som beskrivs i denna licentiatuppsats är att fogarna mellan elementen är torra. I stället för att ha en kontinuerlig skarv med genomgående armering så används överlappande betongklackar för att föra över vertikal krafterna mellan elementen som uppstår då ett fordon passerar fogen. Metoden är provad på ett verkligt objekt, en enspanns bro med tryckta fogar. För detta fall föreligger det inte några stora hinder eftersom fogen aldrig kan öppna sig. Om bron däremot utförs som en flerspannsbro kan det uppstå problem över ett innerstöd eftersom fogen då blir dragen och därmed vill öppna sig. För att undersöka hur den beter sig under sådan belastning har det utförts försök vid Testlab vid LTU. Syftet var att undersöka hur mycket fogen öppnar sig i vertikal såväl som horisontell riktning vilket har betydelse för isoleringsskiktet och beläggningen. En annan del av försöket bestod i att undersöka om de skjuvförbindande svetsbultarna skulle utmattas då bron böjer sig över innerstödet till följd av passerande fordon. För att underlätta utvärderingen skapades också en FE-modell där det var möjligt att variera storleken på elementen och se hur detta påverkade resultaten. Ett av syftena med denna modellering var att undersöka hur stor betongbredd som medverkande vid olika förhållanden mellan längd och bredd på elementen. Det har också utförts fältmätningar på den verkliga bron för att se hur stor samverkan som fanns mellan stålet och betongen. Även dessa undersökningar FE modellerades för att underlätta utvärderingen. Dessutom har ett examensarbete löpt under projektets utförande som tittade på de samhällsekonomiska effekterna för detta koncept jämfört med andra mer traditionella metoder. Även effekter som trafikantstörningar vägdes in för att få en så allomfattande jämförelse som möjligt. En litteraturfördjupning har också utförts för att ge en uppfattning om vad som är gjorts runt om i världen på liknade koncept och lite grann om vilken forskning som har utförts av andra.Godkänd; 2001; 20070313 (ysko)
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Madu, Nneka Eunice. "Associations between teachers’ interpersonal behaviour, classroom learning environment and students’ outcomes." Thesis, Curtin University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2200.
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I investigated associations between teachers’ interpersonal behavior, the classroom learning environment and students’ outcomes. The Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction (QTI), What Is Happening In this Class? (WIHIC), and Test Of Science-Related Attitudes (TOSRA) were used with a sample of 785 students from 75 classes in five high schools in New York. Results from the New York State Regents examination taken in June were collected for 603 students in 37 classes as a measure of achievement.Data analyses supported the factor structure, internal consistency reliability and discriminant validity of the WIHIC questionnaire and the attitude scales from TOSRA, as well as WIHIC scales’ ability to differentiate between classrooms. Data analyses also supported the internal consistency reliability of the QTI and its ability to differentiate between classrooms. Also, the circumplex nature of the QTI was supported by analyzing its pattern of scale intercorrelations. Overall, the learning environment instruments (QTI and WIHIC) and attitude instrument (TOSRA) were found to be valid and reliable when used with high school science students in New York.Simple correlation and multiple regression analyses revealed positive associations between the learning environment and students’ attitudes. All seven WIHIC scales were statistically significantly correlated with attitudes to science. Overall Teacher Support was the strongest independent predictor of student attitudes to science. Positive but weak associations were also found between learning environment and achievement (especially Task Orientation, Equity, Student Cohesiveness and Involvement). Also Equity was positively and independently associated with achievement.Associations were found between teachers’ interpersonal behavior and attitudes (Adoption of Scientific Attitudes and Enjoyment of Science Lessons) and achievement. With the student as the unit of analysis, the Adoption of Scientific Attitudes scale was significantly correlated with all the QTI scales except Strict. With the class as the unit of analysis, all the QTI scales were significantly correlated with Adoption. Leadership and Understanding were the only independent predictors of Adoption. Leadership, Understanding, Helping/Friendly, Uncertain, and Dissatisfied scales were positively and independently associated with Enjoyment of Science Lessons with the student as unit of analysis whereas, with class as unit of analysis, only Uncertain was positively and independently associated with Enjoyment. Associations were mostly in the expected directions, but with a few exceptions (e.g. Uncertain behavior was negatively related to student achievement).Commonality analyses were undertaken to investigate the unique and common contributions of the WIHIC and the QTI scales to the variance in student outcomes. The benefit of using both instruments together to predict Enjoyment, but not Adoption, was supported by the findings. Therefore, it is worthwhile to include both the WIHIC and QTI in the same study of students’ enjoyment of science. For achievement, neither the WIHIC nor the QTI accounted for much unique or common variance.A subsample of 40 students was interviewed using questions pertaining to each scale of the QTI, WIHIC and TOSRA in order to check the construct validity of the questionnaires. Findings from these interviews reinforced the validity of the WIHIC, QTI and TOSRA for use with the sample of high school biology students in New York because interview findings were mostly consistent with the means obtained for each scale.By providing validation data for the WIHIC, QTI and TOSRA, this study has provided New York teachers with instruments that can easily be used to assess associations between learning environment, teachers’ interpersonal behavior and student outcomes. Also, this research has practical implications that suggest that teachers wishing to improve their students’ attitudes and achievements should place greater emphasis on Leadership, Helping/Friendly, Understanding, and Student Responsibility/Freedom in their classroom. Also Student Cohesiveness, Teacher Support, Involvement, Cooperation and Equity should be emphasized.
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Dahlberg, Niklas, and Ann-Christin Gundén. "Utveckling av förpackningssystem för torra insatsvaror i livsmedel." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Technology and Society, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-3033.
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This project includes development of new packaging for dry spices and an investigation of how to automate the production line. The preliminary investigations show needs of an environmental friendly packaging possible to re-close. After screening for suitable materials three concepts were developed, a stand-up pouch, a plastic jar and a metal can. The pouch was excluded in a concept choosing process. In this process it was also decided to further develop the metal can concept. This resulted in the development of an integrated cap for metal cans of standard design, which is the final packaging concept.
Time studies and logistic analyses were carried out on the production line to give information for the automation part of the project. These analyses show that it is possible to reduce costs by automate parts of the production line. However higher production volumes are necessary to benefit from a fully automated production line. Apart from automation, time and cost should be possible to save by implementing continuous improvement work.
Projektet innefattar utveckling av en ny förpackning för torra kryddor samt en utredning om automatisering av produktionslinjen. Förundersökningen visade behov av en miljövänlig återförslutbar förpackning. Efter en utredning om lämpliga material utvecklades tre konceptlösningar, en påse, en burk i plast och en metallburk. Vid ett konceptval uteslöts påsen helt och det beslutades att metallburken var det koncept som skulle vidareutvecklas. Detta medförde utveckling av ett integrerat plastlock till en metallburk i standardutförande som är det slutliga lösningskonceptet.
För automatiseringsdelen av projektet genomfördes tidsstudier samt en kartläggning av det logistiska flödet. Dessa visar att det finns stor potential att spara kostnader genom att automatisera delar av produktionen. Volymerna behöver dock öka innan en helautomatisk produktionslinje är lönsam. Bedömningen är också att tidsvinster kan göras genom att göra flödet rakare och att arbeta med ständiga förbättringar.
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Clauß, Matthias. "ToSCA: Ein Werkzeugsatz zur Konfiguration und Administration von Rechnersystemen." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:ch1-200400592.
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Howling, A. A. "Fluctuations in the edge plasma of the TOSCA tokamak." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370261.
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Jonsson, Anton. "Rädslans Yta : Är våta varelser mer hotfulla än torra?" Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15238.
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Arbetet undersökte hur hotfull betraktaren uppfattade en varelse utifrån olika grader av våta alternativt torra ytegenskaper, genom enbart visuell perception. Arbetet inleds med en genomgång av tidigare forskning kring visuell perception, ytors relationer till fruktan samt hotfullhet i form och färg. Definitioner för begreppen ”Yta” och ”våt- och torrhet” skapades även, med vetenskapliga belägg. Artefakten som skapades för arbetet bestod av 10 stycken 2D-bilder, indelade i två bildserier med olika färgmättnad. Bilderna föreställde en och samma varelse som skapades med olika grader av våt- och torrhet på dess yta. En kvantitativ webbenkät användes för att undersöka respondenterna upplevda hotfullhet hos de olika bilderna. Resultatet visade att respondenterna upplevde bilderna som mer hotfulla ju våtare de blev, men ökningen i hotfullhet var marginell, andra faktorer verkade spela större roll i hur hotfull varelsen upplevdes.
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Jeansson, Emma, and Rebecca Karlsson. "Effekten av omega-3 på torra ögon : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för medicin och optometri (MEO), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-96043.
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Syfte: Syftet med studien var att genom en litteraturstudie undersöka om tillskott av omega-3 har någon positiv påverkan på torra ögon och ögats främre delar. Kan denna fleromättade fettsyra lindra symtomen samt de kliniska tecknen av torra ögon? Metod: Artiklarna i litteraturstudien baserades på tidigare kliniska studier och vetenskapliga publikationer. De sökmotorer som användes var PubMed och Web of Science, sökningarna utfördes mellan 2020-03-30 och 2020-04-15. För att göra urvalsprocessen sattes inklusionskriterier och exklusionskriterier upp. Begränsningarna var att artiklarna skulle finnas tillgängliga i fulltext och vara publicerade från år 2015-2020. Sökorden som användes var “dry eye + omega” och “dry eye and omega”. Litteraturstudier/reviews exkluderades samt studier med färre än 50 deltagare. Utifrån resultatet av sökningarna valdes de fem mest relevanta artiklarna ut för att ingå i studien. Resultat: Studierna involverade totalt 2569 deltagare. Tillskotten som användes i studierna var omega-3 i olika sammansättningar. De subjektiva mätningarna gjordes med Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) och Dry Eye Questionnaire and Scoring System (DESS) och visade statistiskt signifikant förbättring på symtompoäng i tre av fem studier. De objektiva mätningarna visade statistiskt signifikant förbättring på bland annat TBUT i fyra av fem studier och Schirmertest i två av fem studier. Slutsats: Det finns en positiv effekt på torra ögon, torra ögonsymtom och främre ytan av ögat med ett dagligt tillskott av omega-3-fettsyror, men en viss placeboeffekt kan inte uteslutas. Fler studier med fler deltagare under en längre period krävs för att fastställa den optimala dosen, behandlingsperioden samt sammansättningen av tillskottet av omega-3.The aim of this study was through a literature review, investigate whether a dietary supplement of omega-3 has a positive effect on dry eye symptoms and the anterior surface of the eye. Can this polyunsaturated fatty acid relieve the symptoms and the clinical signs of dry eyes? The articles included in the literature study were based on previous clinical studies and scientific publications. The search engines used were PubMed and Web of Science. The searches were conducted between 2020-03-30 and 2020-04-15. Inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria were determined in advance. The restrictions were that the articles should be available in full text and be published from 2015-2020. The keywords used were “dry eye + omega” and “dry eye and omega”. Other literature reviews were excluded as well as studies with fewer than 50 participants in the randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Based on the results on the searches, 30 articles were selected that related to the topic dry eyes and omega-3. Subsequently, the articles abstracts were reviewed, and the least relevant articles were excluded. The remaining 13 articles were read in more detail and of these, the 5 most relevant articles were selected to be included in the study. The five selected studies involved a total of 2569 participants. The supplements used in the studies contained omega-3 in various compositions. The subjective measurements were made using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and the Dry Eye Questionnaire and Scoring System (DESS) and showed statistically significant improvement in symptom scores in three out of five studies. The objective clinical tests showed statistically significant improvement on for example TBUT in four out of five studies and Schirmer’s test in two out of five studies. The conclusion is that there is a positive effect on dry eyes, dry eye symptoms and the ocular surface of the eye with a daily supplement of omega-3 fatty acids, however a placebo effect cannot be ruled out. More studies with more participants over a longer period of time are required to determine the optimal dose, treatment period and composition of the supplement of omega-3.
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Granberg, Ebba. "Fleromättade fetter, torra ögon och Sjögrens syndrom : Kan en kost rik på omega 3 och 6 lindra symtomen vid Sjögrens syndrom och torra ögon?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-79447.
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Introduktion: Torra ögon (DES) och Sjögrens syndrom (SjS) är inflammatoriska sjukdomar som drabbar ögonen. DES drabbar tårkörtelns funktionella del vilket ger ögonsmärta och suddig syn. SjS är en kronisk autoimmun sjukdom som ger skada på tår- och salivproducerande körtlar. Det leder till kliniska symtom i form av mun- och ögontorrhet. Essentiella fettsyror bildar proinflammatoriska och antiinflammatoriska cytokiner som kan hjälpa vid behandling av dessa sjukdomar. Metod och syfte: En litteraturstudie genomfördes för att ta reda på om fleromättade fetter kan lindra symtomen vid SjS och DES. Resultat: Resultaten för studierna visade resultat på OSDI, Schirmers test, BUT, IL-17, tårosmolaritet, tårvolym, ostimulerat salivflöde, stimulerat salivflöde, sonderingsdjup, PGE1, van Bijstervelds poäng och flourscein infärgning. Diskussion: Resultatet visar signifikanta skillnader för vissa doser av n-3 och n-6. Det som skiljer resultaten åt är de olika doserna av fettsyror samt vad dess placebokontroller intog. OSDI visade främst skillnader på de patienter med DES men endast på en grupp med SjS som intog n-3 för behandling av torr mun. Schirmers test och BUT visade en ökning hos patienterna med mild och måttlig DES men inte på patienterna med SjS. Patienterna med SjS visade förbättringar på stimulerat salivflöde och OSDI för torr mun samt PGE1 nivåer och flourscein infärgning samtidigt som en del studier inte visade några signifikanta förbättringar på några mätvariabler. Det kan grunda sig i intaget av fettsyror, sjukdomstillstånd eller längden på behandling. Slutsats: En del personer kan få förbättrade symtom av att inta n-3 eller n-6 tillskott men skillnaderna är inte alltid statistiskt signifikanta för studierna.Introduction: Dry eye syndrome (DES) and Sjögren ́s syndrome (SjS) are inflammatory diseases that affect the eyes. DES affects the lacrimal glands functional unit, causing eye pain and blurred vision. SjS is a chronical autoimmune disease that causes damage to tear and salivary glands. It leads to clinical symptoms in the form of mouth and eye irritation. Essential fatty acids form pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines that can help in the treatment of these diseases. Method and purpose: A literature study was performed to study if essential fatty acids can relieve the symptoms of DES and SjS. Results: The results for the studies showed results on OSDI, Schirmer ́s test, BUT, IL- 17, tear osmolarity, tear volume, unstimulated salivary flow, stimulated salivary flow, depth of probing, van Bijsterveld ́s score and flourscein staining. Discussion: The result shows significant differences for certain doses of n-3 and n-6. What separates the results are the different doses of fatty acids and what their placebo controls took. OSDI showed major differences in patients with DES but only in one group of patients with SjS who took n-3 for treating dry mouth. Schirmer ́s test and BUT showed an increase in patients with mild and moderate DES but not in patients with SjS. Patients with SjS showed improvements in stimulated salivary flow, dry mouth OSDI, PGE1 levels and flourscein staining, while some studies did not show any significant improvements in any measurement variables. It may be due to the intake of fatty acids, disease states or the length of treatment. Conclusion: Some people may get improved symptoms of taking n- 3 or n-6 supplements, but the differences are not always statistically significant for the studies.
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Hultqvist, Emelie. "Förändringen av lipidskiktets tjocklek i tårfilmen mellan förmiddag och eftermiddag." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, NV, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-12323.
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Bakgrund: Symptom vid torra ögon kan vara en känsla av torrhet, irritation, okomfort, främmande kropps känsla och ökad produktion av tårar. Torrhetskänslan varierar under dagen men är mest påtaglig framåt kvällen. 3 av 4 som upplever symptom för torra ögon har ett tunnare lipidskikt. Diagnostisering av normala, måttligt torra och torra ögon kan dels göras med hjälp av en symtomenkät t.ex. TERTC-DEQ. Syfte: Att undersöka om lipidskiktet förändras i tjocklek från förmiddag jämfört med eftermiddag under samma dag. Metod: I studien deltog 6 män och 21 kvinnor med en medelålder på 23.3 ± 2.1 år. Mätning av lipidskiktet utfördes en gång på förmiddagen och en gång på eftermiddagen under samma dag. Gradering av lipidskiktet utfördes med hjälp av instrumentet Tearscope-plus. Försökspersonerna fick även svara på enkäten TERTC-DEQ. Resultat: På förmiddagen hade 55% av försökspersonerna lipidskikt wave pattern typ (3). Medelvärdet av typ på förmiddagen, var 2.7. På eftermiddagen låg lipidskiktet jämnt fördelat över wave pattern typ (3) med 40.7% och closed meshwork typ (2) med 40.7%. Medelvärdet av typ på eftermiddagen, var 2.4. Medelvärdet hade förändrats 0.3 mellan förmiddag och eftermiddag, från ett tjockare till ett tunnare skikt. Vid sammanställning TERTC-DEQ upplevde 74.1% normala ögon och 25.9% måttligt torra ögon. Slutsats: Resultatet av studien visar att det sker en förändring av lipidskikts tjockleken från förmiddag jämfört med eftermiddag. Lipidskiktet är tjockare på förmiddagen jämfört med eftermiddagen. Att lipidskiktet förändras kan ha resulterat i att torrhetskänslan i ögonen kan blir mer påtaglig framåt kvällen.
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Ivanov, Dinko. "Gearbox housing design – topology optimization through generative design." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Avd.), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-244983.
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Detta examensarbete använder ett systematiskt tillvägagångssätt för att omkonstruera ett växellådshus till ett elektriskt fordon med avsikt att förbättra prestanda med avseende på hållfasthet, livslängd och styvhet. I examensarbetet ges även en kort beskrivning av hur växellådan fungerar, vilken roll den spelar i de elektriska fordonen, samt grundläggande teori som används vid konstruktion av liknande växellådor. Den huvudsakliga arbetsmetoden som använts för att nå målen är topologioptimering och olika lösningar har simulerats för att förenkla den framtida omkonstruktionen. Analyser av de olika resultaten har lett fram till ett grovt förslag på hur växellådshuset kan utformas. Det resultatet förkastades efter det att några extra simuleringar gjorts. Även om inget slutgiltigt förslag hittades, har detta examensarbete tagit fram en bra grund och vägvisning för att senare lyckas med uppdraget.This thesis targets a systematic approach for redesign of the gearbox housing for an electrical vehicle, with an intention to improve its performance in terms of structural integrity, durability and compliance. Throughout the work, a brief overview of gearbox purpose, position and significance in context of electric vehicles has been presented, some theoretical background concerning design of similar gearboxes is presented and underlying theoretical fundamentals are reviewed. Topology optimization has been utilized as the main method for achieving the goals and various solving runs were performed in order to ease the subsequent redesign. Interpretations of multiple result sets led to a rough outline guess of a possible solution candidate. After supplementary studies, that solution was later discarded. In the end, although no final redesign was generated, clear and comprehensive directions for achieving the targeted goal have been formulated.
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Lindgren, Andrée. "Transportera torra biofibrer i en luftström : Genom praktiska försök och mätningar." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-140832.
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Sliperiet vid Konstnärligt campus driver ett projekt som heter +Project. +Project drivs tillsammans med en rad olika partners och sponsorer. Ett av målen med projektet är att vidareförädla biofibrern genom att använda fibrerna som fyllnadsmassa till 3D-printing. Biofibrer har idag en väldigt låg förädlingsgrad då mycket av den som blir en restprodukt ifrån olika industrier går till deponi eller förbränning. 3D-printing fungerar så att ett fyllnadsmaterial som i det här fallet är biofibrer appliceras på en yta tillsammans med ett bindemedel och kan därmed konstruera strukturer. Biofibrer är något som det finns god tillgång av. Ett av problemen med att transportera biofibrer i en luftström är att biofibrern har en tendens att fastna i varandra och växa sig större. Detta är inte önskvärt då man vill ha en jämn blandning av luft och biofibrer i luftströmmen för att bindemedlet skall kunna appliceras på biofibrern så bra som möjligt. I detta arbete har det gjorts en undersökning över befintliga tekniker samt rangordning av deras lämplighet för projektet. Rangordningen visade att ett rörsystem med en luftström som genereras av en lövblås skulle vara lämpligast. En prototyp ritades upp via SolidWorks och tillverkades därefter. Prototypen tillverkades i plast ur brandsäkerhetssynpunkt. Prototypen fick ett portioneringssystem bestående av en hink och en tratt vars syfte var att föra ned materialet i transportröret och luftströmmen. Prototypens matningssystem fungerade inte som planerad. Istället för att biofibrern åkte ned i hinken och vidare genom matarröret så kastade den upp materialet. Provkörningarna gjordes istället direkt via luftintaget på lövblåsen och det kunde konstateras att rörsystemet fungerade tillfredställande vid låga flöden av material, vid högre flöden gick det inte att undersöka då portioneringssystemet inte fungerade tillfredställande.Sliperiet at Konstnärligt campus runs a project called +Project. + Project is runned together with a couple of partners and sponsors. One of the cases with the project is to further improve the biofibres by using the fibers as a filler for 3D-printing. Biofibres today have a very low degree of refinement, when the biofibres that’s a residual product from different industries goes to waste or combustion. 3D-printing works so that a filler material, in this case biofibres, is applied to a surface together with a binder and thus can construct structures. Biofibres are something that is easy to access and from some industries it’s a residual product. One of the problems of transporting biofibres in an air stream is that the biofibres tends to get tangled up in each other and grow larger. This is not desirable if you want a smooth mixing of air and biofibres in the air stream so the binder can be applied to the biofibres as good as possible. In this work, an investigation has been made of existing techniques and ranking of their suitability for the project. The ranking showed that a pipe system with an air stream, generated by a leaf blower would be the most suitable fit. A prototype was drafted through SolidWorks and then manufactured. The prototype was manufactured in plastic from a fire safety perspective. The prototype got a portioning system consisting of a bucket and a funnel that was supposed to bring down the material in the transport pipe and air flow. The prototypes feeding system did not work as planned. Instead of the biofibres dropping into the bucket and further down the feed tube, it threw up the material. The test runs were instead made directly through the air intake on the leaf blower and it was found out that the pipe system worked satisfactorily at low flows of material, higher flows of material was unable to investigate when the portioning system wasn’t working satisfactory.
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Hasselaar, Silvia Cristina. "Sonatina nº 2 de Hector Tosar : uma visão histórica e analítica." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/6411.
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Este estudo focaliza, sob os aspectos históricos e analíticos, a ‘Sonatina n° 2’ de Héctor Tosar (1923-2002). Trata-se de uma obra representativa do neoclassicismo musical da década de 1950, escrita por um compositor latino-americano com formação em seu país, o Uruguai e no exterior. A análise tem como referencial teórico os pressupostos do próprio Tosar (1992) e de Joseph Straus (1990). Através da análise dos conjuntos, mostram-se a recorrência de um grupo de sons e a resultante fixação da sonoridade característica da obra.
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Bentaher, Fuaad. "Recherche sur les monuments et l'urbanisme de Taucheira - Tokra - en Libye." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040081.
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Cette recherche se preoccupe essentiellement de deux topiques : les monuments et l'urbanisme de la ville de taucheira, et les resultats des fouilles effectuees dans la ville sous le supervision de l'auteur entre 1985 et 1992. Ce travail se compose de quatre parties que nous avons concues comme il suit: dans la premiere partie nous avons etudie le contexte geographique du site et les developpements historiques de ville depuis sa fondation jusqu'a la conquete arabo-musulmane de 642-645 ap. J-. C. Pour la deuxieme partie nous avons procede a une etude sur l'histoire de la redecouverte de la ville d'apres les recites des premiers voyageurs, les travaux des explorateurs et chercheurs ; et a travers les fouilles effectuees a tokra avant les entreprises archeologiques de l'universite de gar-younis de benghazi. La troisieme partie se preoccupe des monuments et de l'urbanisme de tokra. Quant a la quatrieme partie, elle a ete consacree aux nouvelles structures - notamment un grand four hellenistique en bon etat, des vestiges d'une maison romaine en rapport avec une installation de la production de vin, et des batisses datant aux dernieres phases de la vie urbaine a tokra - qui ont ete decouvertes par l'universite de gar-younis de benghazi lors des fouilles effectuees sous notre supervision depuis 1985. Les objects decouverts en rapport avec la periode susvisee sont significatifs et tres importants surtout des monnaies islamique datent de l'epoque de la dynastie des omeyyades. Ces pieces confirment la continuation de la vie a tokra apres la fin du regne byzantinThis study concentrates on two major topics : the monuments and the layout of the ancient city of tauchira, and the results of recent excavations conducted at the city under the supervision of writer between 1985-1992. The first part presents a geographical background of the site of the city and an account of its historical developments from its foundation c. 620 b. C up to the arb conquest of 642-645 a. D. The second part gives a systimatic and analytic studies of the accounts of the early voyagers who visited the city, the contributions of later explorers and specialists ; and the excavations carriedout at the site up to 1985. In the third part the urban planning of the town is comprehensively investigated. The exsisting monuments of the city are all fully discussed. Surface survey and limited exploratrations carriedout by the writer confirmed the exciting of two important monuments : a site of an arc and remains of a southern gate. Similar explorations out side the city uncovered important traces of the ancient road connecting tocra with barca. The fourth part is devoted to the 1985-1992 excavations which uncovered the remains of many buildings- mostly houses and produced a vast quantity of artefacts date from the byzantine and roman periodes, but important structures of the hellenistic preiode, namely a kiln, together with evidence of limited occupation of islamic periode are also came to light. The islamic coins of the umayyed period recovered from the site further confirm that the city continued to be occupied well beyond the arab conquest of 642-654 a. D
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Hultberg, Tobias. "Patienters uppfattningar av att leva med torra ögon : En fenomenografisk studie." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för hälso- och vårdvetenskap (HV), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105388.
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Torra ögon beror på en obalans i ögats tårfilm och påverkar patientens livskvalité, eftersom tillståndet ger symtom i form av ögonsmärta, rinnande ögon och synnedsättning. Tillståndet är kroniskt, progressivt och kräver regelbunden behandling. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka patienters uppfattningar av att leva med torra ögon. Metoden var en kvalitativ design med en fenomenografisk forskningsansats. Patienter från en ögonmottagning i Sydsverige blev enskilt intervjuade. Resultatet visar på tre beskrivningskategorier: En förändrad tillvaro, Oro kring vad omgivningen tänker samt Att leva på hoppet. Informanterna uppfattar fysiska besvär i form av ögonsmärta och rinnande ögon, och upplever att besvären är obehagliga. Tillståndet uppfattas inverka negativt på livet och upplevs utgöra hinder för ett välfungerande vardagsliv. Informanterna uppfattar en oro kring vad omgivningen tänker om dem när besvären är synliga. De lever på hoppet om att hitta en lösning på besvären och vidtar olika åtgärder för att hantera tillståndets utmaningar. Slutsatsen är att en ökad kunskap om patienters uppfattningar av att leva med torra ögon, kan leda till bättre stöd och omvårdnad i form av god information och personcentrerad omvårdnad. Det rekommenderas att torra ögon uppmärksammas mer inom omvårdnadsutbildning, och ytterligare forskning inom området rekommenderas.Dry eyes are due to an imbalance in the tear film of the eye and affect the patient's quality of life, as the condition causes symptoms in form of eye pain, watery eyes and visual impairment. The condition is chronic, progressive and requires regular treatment. The purpose of this phenomenographic study was to examine patient´s conceptions of living with dry eyes. The method was a qualitative design with a phenomenographic research approach. Patients from an eye clinic in southern Sweden were individually interviewed. The result shows three descriptive categories: A changed existence, Concern about what the environment thinks and Living on the hope. The informants perceive physical inconveniences such as eye pain and watery eyes, and experience that the inconveniences are unpleasant. The condition is perceived to have a negative impact on life and is perceived as a hindrance to a well-functioning everyday life. The informants perceive concerns about what the environment thinks of them when the problems are visible. They live on the hope of finding a solution to the problems and take various measures to deal with the challenges of the condition. The conclusion is that an increased knowledge of patient´s conceptions of living with dry eyes, can lead to better support and nursing in form of good information and person-centered care. It is recommended that dry eyes be given more attention in nursing education, and further research in this area is recommended.
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Eccles, Lynette. "Gender differences in teacher-student interactions, attitudes and achievement in middle school science." Thesis, Curtin University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1525.
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Research has shown that interest in science often decreases in the middle-school grades for both boys and girls, but that more boys continue on the science track in high school and college, leading to males dominating the fields of science and engineering in the work place. The interpersonal interaction between teachers and students, as both individuals and as a group, comprises a large part of the classroom learning environment. Though these interactions last only a school year, they can influence student attitudes and achievement in the long term. Past research has suggested that a key factor in improving student achievement and attitudes is to create learning environments which emphasize characteristics that have been found to be linked empirically with achievement and attitudes. The purpose of this study was to use quantitative methods to validate a learning environment questionnaire (Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction, QTI), to investigate outcome-environment associations, and to compare male and female students in terms of their attitudes, classroom environment perceptions and achievement. An attitude scale, based on items from the Test of Science Related Attitudes (TOSRA), and a 48-item eight-scale version of the QTI were administered to 1228 science students in Grades 6, 7 and 8 at one middle school in South Florida. Student achievement was measured using the students’ quarterly (nine-week) science grade.The results revealed satisfactory internal consistency reliability for the QTI, with alpha reliability coefficients ranging from 0.51 to 0.83 for different scales with the student as the unit of analysis and from 0.54 to 0.96 for class means. For the 10-item attitude scale, the alpha coefficient was above 0.80 for both the student and the class mean as the unit of analysis, demonstrating high internal consistency reliability. Overall, the results of the statistical analyses supported that the QTI questionnaire and the attitude scale are valid and reliable instruments for use with secondary science students in South Florida. A strong relationship was found between student outcomes (attitudes and achievement) and many of the eight QTI scales with either the individual or the class mean as the unit of analysis. For example, students’ attitudes towards science were more positive when teachers exhibited more leadership and understanding behaviors and science achievement was higher when teachers were friendlier and less uncertain. The use of MANOVA tentatively revealed gender differences in students’ perceptions of teacher interpersonal behavior, attitudes towards science, and science achievement. However, the differences between males and females were statistically significant only for the Helping/Friendly, Dissatisfied, and Admonishing scales of the QTI and for achievement. In general, relative to males, female students had more positive perceptions of teacher interpersonal behavior and higher academic achievement.
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Lindberg, Josefin. "Förändrar mjuka kontaktlinser NITBUT?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, NV, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-12297.
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Syfte: Det är många som upplever att de får torra ögon vid användning av kontaktlinser. Därför är syftet med denna studie att jämföra NITBUT utan och med kontaktlinser för att undersöka om kontaktlinser påverkar tårfilmsstabiliteten. Metod: 30 stycken vana linsbärare deltog i studien. Två mätningar utfördes, en gång på eftermiddagen då försökspersonen varit utan kontaktlinser hela dagen och en då de använt sina habituella kontaktlinser i minst sex timmar. NITBUT mättes indirekt med hjälp av Tearscope-plus och ett fint gitter. Det gjordes tre mätningar per öga där ett medelvärde sedan räknades ut. Resultat: Det var ingen signifikant skillnad (p > 0,05) mellan höger och vänster ögas mätningar. Höger ögas mätningar analyserades och visade en signifikant skillnad (p < 0,05) mellan NITBUT utan och med kontaktlinser. Deltagarna delades in i två grupper ena gruppen där NITBUT < 10 sekunder och den andra > 10 sekunder utan kontaktlinser. Den nya indelningen analyserades och det visade att hos gruppen med NITBUT <10 sekunder var skillnaden mellan utan och med kontaktlinser inte statistisk signifikant (p > 0,05) medan det i den andra gruppen med NITBUT > 10 sekunder fanns en statistisk signifikans (p < 0,05) mellan utan och med kontaktlinser. Slutsats: Studien kom fram till att kontaktlinser påverkar tårfilmsstabiliteten negativt. När NITBUT < 10 sekunder utan kontaktlinser påverkar kontaktlinsen inte NITBUT medan när NITBUT > 10 sekunder utan kontaktlinser kommer NITBUT att sänkas dramatiskt efter sex timmars användning av kontaktlinser och till och med hamna under gränsvärdet för torra ögon (NITBUT < 10 sekunder).
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Klinthage, Jakob. "Koffeins påverkan på osmolariteten i tårfilmen." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för medicin och optometri (MEO), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-35953.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate if there was a difference in the tear film’s osmolarity before and after drinking coffee. ' Method: All subjects in this study were asked to fill in a questionnaire to diagnose factors in their subjective symptoms, the questionnaire TERTC-DEQ. The subjects with a total graduated points of over 17 were not allowed to participate in the further measurements. In the study there was a total amount of 38 subjects, were 5 participated twice for both measurements, coffee and water. The measurements were done by TearLab to bring the the osmolarity values, of coffee and water, the before and after measurements, to be compared with each column. Each subject was measured before the drinks was served, 200 milliliters of water or 200 milliliters of coffee. 45 minutes after the first measurement, after the intake of one of the liquids, then the second measurement was occured with TearLab. All of these values and measurements was later compared to each columns of coffee or water. Results: There was no significant difference between neither the coffee or water results (p>0,05). Though there was a little quotable difference between the before and after measurement values of coffee, but not significant. Conclusion: There was no significant difference related to coffe drinking and tear osmolarity. There is no contribution to the tear film’s osmolarity and it will not work as a factor into the dry eyes diagnosis.
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Freitas, Debora Maria Sansini. "Tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV) e Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV): relações com a Bemisia tabaci biótipo B e eficiência de um inseticida no controle da transmissão do ToSRV." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11135/tde-25102012-083603/.
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A cultura do tomateiro (Solanum lycopersicum L.) é importante mundialmente devido ao alto consumo de seus frutos. Nos últimos anos surgiram nesta cultura no Brasil alguns vírus emergentes com altas taxas de disseminação, como begomovírus e crinivírus, transmitidos pela Bemisia tabaci biótipo B, que podem causar danos à produção do tomateiro. A espécie de begomovírus atualmente mais encontrada no Brasil, em plantios de tomateiro, é o Tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV). De 2002 a 2004, pesquisadores relataram incidências desse vírus em mais da metade das amostras com sintomas de geminiviroses coletadas em vários estados brasileiros e sua presença continua sendo verificada frequentemente. No ano de 2006, um crinivírus, o Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV), foi relatado no Brasil, infectando plantas de tomate no Estado de São Paulo e atualmente encontra-se presente em diveros estados brasileiros. Os objetivos desse trabalho foram: determinar os períodos mínimos de acesso à aquisição e à inoculação do ToSRV e do ToCV pela B. tabaci biótipo B; identificar o período de retenção do ToSRV no inseto e a interação do ToSRV e do ToCV na aquisição e na transmissão por esse aleirodídeo. Também foi avaliada a eficiência do inseticida cloridrato de cartape no controle da disseminação primária e secundária do ToSRV pela B. tabaci biótipo B em tomateiros em gaiolas em casa de vegetação. Finalmente avaliou-se a eficiência do aleirodídeo Trialeurodes vaporariorum na transmissão de um isolado brasileiro do ToCV. Os períodos mínimos de acesso à aquisição e à inoculação de ambos os vírus pela B. tabaci biótipo B foram de cinco minutos. O tempo de retenção do ToSRV em B. tabaci biótipo B foi de 25 dias. A eficiência de um único adulto de B. tabaci na transmissão simultânea do ToSRV e do ToCV para tomateiros foi de 44,7%, similar àquela da transmissão isolada do ToRSV (47,4%) e do ToCV (44,7%). A eficiência de T. vaporariorum na transmissão do ToCV foi inferior à da B. tabaci biótipo B. Usando 40 insetos por vaso com duas plantas as eficiências de transmissão foram 57,7% e 100%, respectivamente. O inseticida cloridrato de cartape reduziu a infecção secundária do ToSRV pela B. tabaci biótipo B, mas não foi eficiente para reduzir a infecção primária em tomateiros.Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the leading vegetables grown and consumed in Brazil and in the world, after potato. The importance of tomato is related to its high consumption worldwide and also its nutritive value. Presently the most important virus diseases responsible for yield losses on tomato crops in Brazil are those caused by begomovirus and crinivirus, both transmitted by Bemisia tabaci biotype B. At the moment the prevalent species of begomovirus is Tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV). From 2002 to 2004, researchers reported incidence of this virus in more than half of the symptomatic tomato samples collected in several Brazilian states. In 2006, a crinivirus, Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV), was reported for the first time in Brazil, infecting tomato plants in the State of São Paulo and at present the virus occurs in several Brazilian states. The objectives of this study were to determine the minimum acquisition and inoculation access periods of ToSRV and ToCV by B. tabaci biotype B; identify the retention period of ToSRV in the insect; and the interaction of ToSRV and ToCV on the transmission by this aleyrodidae. It was also evaluated the effectiveness of the insecticide cartap hydrochloride in controlling the primary and secondary spread of ToSRV by B. tabaci biotype B on tomato plants in a greenhouse. Finally, it was evaluated the efficiency of Trialeurodes vaporariorum in the transmission of a Brazilian isolate of ToCV. The minimum acquisition and inoculation access periods for both viruses by B. tabaci biotype B were five minutes. The maximum retention time of ToSRV in B. tabaci biotype B was 25 days. The efficiency of a single adult of B. tabaci to simultaneously transmit ToSRV and ToCV to tomato plants was 44.7%, similar to the transmission of ToRSV (47.4%), and ToCV (44.7%) separately. T. vaporariorum was less efficient than B. tabaci on the transmission of ToCV. Using 40 insects per pot with two plants, transmission efficiencies were 57.7% and 100%, respectively. The insecticide cartap hydrochloride reduced secondary infection of ToSRV transmitted by B. tabaci biotype B, but was not effective in reducing the primary infection in tomato.
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Österholm, Matilde, and Felicia Heiligers. "Samverkan inom tågsystemet : En kvalitativ studie av Getingmidjans delprojekt TORA." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-278526.
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Syftet med denna studie är att analysera effekterna av samverkan kring resenärshantering. Sveriges tågsystem står inför stora utmaningar till följd av eftersatt underhåll av järnvägen. I kölvattnet av flygskam har efterfrågan på tågresande i Sverige ökat markant, vilket sätter press på aktörerna inom järnvägen att bibehålla, eller i bästa fall, öka resenärernas tilltro till tågsystemet. Tågoperatörerna kan dra fördel av detta när tåget i och med den ökade tilltron ses som ett än mer attraktivt transportalternativ. Det ger tågsektorn möjlighet att öka sina marknadsandelar i transportsystemet. För att under perioder av banarbeten kunna förse resenären med en smidig tågresa i det nationella tågsystemet uppstår utökade behov av samverkan. I Sverige råder numera konkurrens på vissa sträckor inom järnvägsnätverket, något som kan utgöra barriärer och leda till utmaningar för samverkan. Denna studie undersöker hur samverkan inom tågsystemet fungerar, genom att studera delprojekt TORA (Tåg- och resenärslogistik under avstängningarna) som är en del av projekt Getingmidjan. Det är ett av Sveriges största infrastrukturprojekt som syftar till att rusta upp järnvägssträckan mellan Stockholm central och Stockholms södra. Under projektet Getingmidjan har man genom TORA tagit ett utökat resenärsansvar och i samförstånd med tågoperatörer och andra intressenter bland annat utformat informationsinsatser. Datainsamlingen har varit av kvalitativ natur och har främst utgjorts av semistrukturerade intervjuer med respondenter från Trafikverket, tågoperatörer och andra inblandade aktörer. Resultatet visar att det finns en tydlig efterfrågan från tågoperatörerna att uppnå en sömlös helhet gällande resenärshantering under banarbeten som bör genomsyra hela tågsystemet. I denna undersökning har det även framkommit att konkurrensaspekten är närvarande och har en effekt på ramarna för samverkan. Samtidigt har TORA:s ökade resenärsfokus fungerat som ett incitament till att samverka trots konkurrens, eftersom effekterna varit gynnsamma för tågoperatörerna. Slutsatserna innefattar att delprojekt TORA har bidragit till ett gemensamt värdeskapande genom att Trafikverket har axlat en samordnande roll och sammanfört aktörer. En av framgångsfaktorerna är att inblandade aktörer fick möjligheten att mötas i ett nytt forum med ett tydligt gemensamt syfte och en strävan att förbättra resenärernas upplevelse av att resa under banarbeten. Att uppnå en välfungerande samverkan under större banarbeten, trots konkurrens, kommer därmed vara en väsentlig fråga för att upprätthålla eller öka tågsystemets attraktivitet ur såväl ett regionalt som nationellt perspektiv.The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of cooperation regarding passenger management. The train system of Sweden is facing great challenges due to overdue railway maintenance. Along the emerge of terms such as “flight shame” the demand for traveling by train has increased significantly. This is something that puts pressure on operators within the train system to preserve, or in the best-case scenario, increase the trust of the passengers. If the public view of the train system were to increase in a positive way the train operators could benefit from this since this can present an opportunity for the train sector to increase its market share within the transport system. In order to provide passengers with an effective and pleasant travel within the national train system, even during longer periods of railway maintenance, the additional need for cooperation emerge. Nowadays in Sweden there is competition on some sections within the railway network and this could constitute barriers and challenges for cooperation. This study investigates how cooperation within the train system works, by examining the part-project TORA (Train- and passenger logistics during shut down of the railway tracks) which is part of the main project Getingmidjan. It is one of Sweden's biggest infrastructure projects and the overall purpose of the project is to renovate the railway tracks located between Stockholm central and Stockholms södra. During the project Getingmidjan Trafikverket have, through TORA, taken on an expanded responsibility for passengers and in concert with train operators and other stakeholders for instance designed passenger information efforts. The data collection has been of a qualitative kind and is mainly based on semi structured interviews with respondents from Trafikverket, train operators and other stakeholders. The results show that train operators have a clear demand which involve to obtain a seamless entirety regarding management of passengers which should pervade the whole train system. In this study it has also emerged that the aspect of competition is evident and effect the preconditions for cooperation. Additionally, the increased passenger focus of TORA has served as an incitement for cooperation despite competition since the effects have been particularly beneficial for the train operators. The conclusions include that the part-project TORA has contributed to a joint value creation through Trafikverkets effort to take on a coordinating role and furthermore bring together stakeholders. One of the key factors for success is that involved stakeholders was provided the opportunity to meet in a new forum which had a clear common purpose and a strive to improve the passengers experience to travel during railway maintenance. To achieve a well-functioning cooperation during substantial railway maintenance, despite competition, will therefore be an essential part to sustain or improve the train systems attractiveness from both the regional and national perspective.
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Lind, Mikael. "Skottsystem för PX-separatorer : Konceptstudie: nya typer av torra och snabba skott." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-100763.
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Det här examensarbetet är en konceptstudie om nya typer av torra och snabba skottsystem i samarbete med Alfa Laval Tumba AB. Företaget tillverkar centrifugalseparatorer för avskiljning och rening av olika vätskor. Slam som bildas av föroreningar i processen avlägsnas ut ur separatorns dubbelkoniga periferi med hjälp av ett hydraliskt vattenbaserat skottsystem. Syftet med arbetet har varit att utveckla snabbare och exaktare skottsystemlösningar med mindre vattenförbrukning. För att definiera befintliga problem med dagens system har en förstudie med kartläggning av kundbehov och konkurrensanalys genomförts. Studien har påvisat att det finns ett behov av framförallt snabba och repeterbara skott. Examensarbetet presenterar en rad konceptlösningar till problemet. En lösning är baserad på ett volymstyrt skottsystem med runtgående ringspalt. Den har utsetts som mest lämplig eftersom den bäst motsvarar kundbehov och kravspecifikation. Mätningar påvisar det volymstyrda systemets effektivitet i jämförelse med företagets nuvarnade lösning. Examensarbetet förordar vidareutveckling av ett volymstyrt skottsystem för att i framtiden hålla företagets separatorer konkurrenskraftiga.This Master Thesis is a conceptual study of new types of dry and rapid discharge-systems carried out in cooperation with Alfa Laval Tumba AB. The company manufactures disk stack centrifuges to separate and clean various fluids. Solids from the process are ejected trough the centrifugal wall with a hydraulic based system. The focus during the study has been to develop a more rapid and precise system with less waterusage. To define problems with the existing situation a study of customerneeds and competitor analysis has been executed. The study shows that there are needs for particularly rapid and repeatable discharges. The thesis presents a couple of conceptual solutions to the problem. One of them – founded on a volumebased dischargesystem and a ring slide – is considered to be the most appropriate due to best satisfaction of customer needs and specification. Measurement emphasizes the efficiency of a volume-based system in comparison to Alfa Laval´s present solution. The Master Thesis recommends further development of this system for the company being able to deliver competitive separators in the future.
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Eccles, Lynette. "Gender differences in teacher-student interactions, attitudes and achievement in middle school science." Curtin University of Technology, Science and Mathematics Education Centre, 2006. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=16151.
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Research has shown that interest in science often decreases in the middle-school grades for both boys and girls, but that more boys continue on the science track in high school and college, leading to males dominating the fields of science and engineering in the work place. The interpersonal interaction between teachers and students, as both individuals and as a group, comprises a large part of the classroom learning environment. Though these interactions last only a school year, they can influence student attitudes and achievement in the long term. Past research has suggested that a key factor in improving student achievement and attitudes is to create learning environments which emphasize characteristics that have been found to be linked empirically with achievement and attitudes. The purpose of this study was to use quantitative methods to validate a learning environment questionnaire (Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction, QTI), to investigate outcome-environment associations, and to compare male and female students in terms of their attitudes, classroom environment perceptions and achievement. An attitude scale, based on items from the Test of Science Related Attitudes (TOSRA), and a 48-item eight-scale version of the QTI were administered to 1228 science students in Grades 6, 7 and 8 at one middle school in South Florida. Student achievement was measured using the students’ quarterly (nine-week) science grade.The results revealed satisfactory internal consistency reliability for the QTI, with alpha reliability coefficients ranging from 0.51 to 0.83 for different scales with the student as the unit of analysis and from 0.54 to 0.96 for class means. For the 10-item attitude scale, the alpha coefficient was above 0.80 for both the student and the class mean as the unit of analysis, demonstrating high internal consistency reliability. Overall, the results of the statistical analyses supported that the QTI questionnaire and the attitude scale are valid and reliable instruments for use with secondary science students in South Florida. A strong relationship was found between student outcomes (attitudes and achievement) and many of the eight QTI scales with either the individual or the class mean as the unit of analysis. For example, students’ attitudes towards science were more positive when teachers exhibited more leadership and understanding behaviors and science achievement was higher when teachers were friendlier and less uncertain. The use of MANOVA tentatively revealed gender differences in students’ perceptions of teacher interpersonal behavior, attitudes towards science, and science achievement. However, the differences between males and females were statistically significant only for the Helping/Friendly, Dissatisfied, and Admonishing scales of the QTI and for achievement. In general, relative to males, female students had more positive perceptions of teacher interpersonal behavior and higher academic achievement.
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Svanelind, Michaela. "Finns det något samband mellan styrketräning och konjunktival rodnad? Finns det något samband mellan kosttillskott och ögontorrhet?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för medicin och optometri (MEO), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-54019.
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Syfte: Syftet med den här studien var att undersöka om styrketräning påverkar konjunktival rodnad i ögat samt om kosttillskott som är vanliga vid styrketräning påverkar ögontorrhet. Metod: Deltagarnas konjunktivala rodnad undersöktes med biomikroskop och graderades med Efron Grading Scale. 19 patienter undersöktes efter träning och 21 patienter undersöktes utan att ha tränat den dagen. Deltagarna fick svara på ett frågeformulär om vilka kosttillskott de använde och OSDI-enkäten. Resultat: Ingen statistisk signifikant skillnad i konjunktival rodnad mellan gruppen med styrketränande personer och kontrollgruppen upptäcktes. I gruppen för träning blev medelvärdet på konjunktival rodnad 0,72 ± 0,42 och i kontrollgruppen 0,55 ± 0,28. Ingen statistisk signifikant skillnad i OSDI-poäng mellan gruppen som använde kosttillskott och gruppen som inte använde kosttillskott upptäcktes. I gruppen med kosttillskott blev medelvärdet på OSDI-poäng 11,31 ± 11,72 och för ej kosttillskott 16,52 ± 10,70. Slutsats: Studien visar på att styrketräning ej påverkar den konjunktivala rodnaden och att kosttillskott inte påverkar ögontorrhet i den här studien.This study has two aims. The first aim is to investigate if strength training has any association with conjunctival redness. The second aim is to investigate if dietry supplements have any association with dry eye. 40 participants were included in this study and were divided into two groups. One group that was examined directly after a strength training workout and one control group that did not work out that day was examined. The avarage age of the workout group was 25.9 ± 5.5 and in the control group was 24.3 ± 4.9. The participants were examined with the slit lamp and the conjunctival redness was graded according to Efron Grading Scale. The same subjects participated in the investigation of supplements afftecting dry eye. They answered a questionnaire to see what supplements they were using and then divided into two groups. One group that were using supplements and one that did not. The avarage age in the supplement group was 25.9 ± 5.5 and in the no-supplement group 24.2 ± 5.0. To examine their eye dryness they answered an Ocular Surface Disease Index survey. There was no statistical significant difference in conjunctival redness between the workout group and the control group (p>0.05). And there was no statistical significant difference in OSDI score between the supplement group and the no-supplement group (p>0.05). Weight training does not affect conjunctival redness in this sample. Supplements do not affect dry eye symptoms in this sample.
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MASSOL, JAMES. "READING RELIGION: A MUSIC AND TEXT APPROACH TO RELIGIOUS THEMES IN TOSCAAND SUOR ANGELICA." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1196129960.
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Nilsson, Hanna. "En litteraturstudie om effekten av omega-3 och omega-6 på torra ögon." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, NV, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-12969.
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Syftet med arbetet var att sammanställa vad som tidigare har skrivits om de essentiella fettsyrorna och huruvida de har effekt på ögats främre delar, framför allt på det torra ögat. Denna litteraturstudie har genomförts med hjälp av artiklar som hittats på PubMed och Google Scholar, med hjälp av sökord såsom ’nutrition, dry eye, omega-3 och fatty acids’,men även med hjälp av andra artiklars referenslistor. Artiklarna har sedan sammanställts tilldetta arbete. Efter sammanställning av artiklarna är det möjligt att skönja en mildrande effekt av omega-6 fettsyror på symtom på torra ögon och även en ökning av tårproduktionen. Även omega-3 fettsyror tycks ha dessa egenskaper och kan därför hjälpa det torra ögat. Dock tycks en högre omega-6:omega-3 – kvot leda till en ökad risk för torra ögon, vilket faktiskt till viss del motsäger resultatet att omega-6 fettsyror fungerar förbättrande för torra ögon. För att minska omega-6:omega-3 – kvoten bör mer omega-3 fettsyror intas via födan, gärna också de längre kedjorna EPA och DHA, då endast en liten del av den kortare omega-3kedjan ALA kan omvandlas till EPA och DHA som också finns i viss fisk. Utifrån detta arbete kan slutsatsen att ett tillskott av endast omega-3 fettsyror kan vara till fördel för det torra ögat dras, men kan också vara bra för att omega-6:omega-3 – kvoten ska hållas nere, vilket tycks vara till fördel för att risken för torra ögon ska minskas.
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Ouattara, Basile. "Contribution du langage dramatique kpainê à l'éducation sociale en pays Toura (Côte d'Ivoire)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/222054.
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La thèse examine la contribution du langage dramatique kpainê à l’éducation sociale en pays Toura. En quoi consiste ce langage et comment rendre compte de son efficacité éducative ?Pour répondre à cette question, l’étude, s’appuyant sur un corpus de 6377 vers chantés en contexte oral, conjugue différentes approches complémentaires. En effet, le contexte de l’étude est éclairé par l’approche pragmatique dès la première partie. La seconde partie cherche, d’abord, à comprendre la logique qui gouverne la construction des vers et des textes en procédant par approche structuraliste. Elle vérifie, ensuite, l’aptitude persuasive de ceux-ci au moyen de la méthode argumentative. La partie interprétative clôturant l’étude est conduite par la sémiotique interprétative. Il résulte de l’analyse que le kpainê doit sa position idéologique stratégique dans le système éducatif Toura à ses possibilités dramatiques.This thesis examined the contribution of the kpainê dramatic language as applied in education of the Toura society. What is the content of this language and how can its educational effectiveness be accounted? In search for a response to this main research question, this study focused on a corpus of 6377 phrases selected in oral context and combined different complementary approaches. In effect, the context of this study is introduced by the use of a pragmatic approach. The second section sought to understand the logic that governs the construction of phrases and texts based on a structuralist approach. The section that proceeds verified the persuasive aptitude of the later approach by means of an augmentative method. The last section of the study closed by an interpretative semiotics. The analysis of the corpus showed that kpainê has a strategic ideological position in the Toura education system due to its dramatic possibilities.
Doctorat en Information et communication
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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SOURTY, ARNAUD. "Mise en place des soins de sante primaire en pays toura (cote d'ivoire." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO1M122.
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Sevelius, Inna. "Bristande självhävdelse och självständighet : En studie av neurosbegreppet hos Tora Sandström." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för idé- och lärdomshistoria, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-158534.
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Inna Sevelius: Bristande självhävdelse och självständighet: En studie av neurosbegreppet hos Tora Sandström. Uppsala universitet: Inst. för idé- och lärdomshistoria, magisteruppsats, vårtermin, 2010. Uppsatsens syfte är att bidra till historiseringen av neurosbegreppet genom en analys av begreppet hos en kvinnlig pionjär inom psykoanalysen i Sverige. Studien inbegriper en diskussion av Sandströms neurosbegrepp i relation till annan samtida psykoanalytisk teori och andra samtida tankeströmningar samt en analys av begreppets konsekvenser för Sandströms syn på barnuppfostran och på den terapeutiska praktiken. Enligt Sandström uppstår neuroser pga bristande självhävdelse under uppväxten. Hon betonar särskilt aggressionshämningens betydelse. En bristande självhävdelse leder enligt Sandström till osjälvständighet, men min analys visar på en könsskillnad i detta avseende. I linje med samtidens essentialistiska och komplementära syn på kön beskriver Sandström författaren Ernst Ahlgrens strävan efter självständighet som neurotisk. I senare skrifter antyds däremot könsskillnader baserade på uppfostran. Sandströms neurosbegrepp är vidare förankrat i biologin. Hon diskuterar såväl människans medfödda förutsättningar för psykisk utveckling med koppling till samtida evolutionsteori som neurosens kroppsliga symtom och visar här ett tidstypiskt intresse för psykosomatik. I sin syn på barnuppfostran ligger hon i linje med den samtida s.k. frihetspedagogiken. Sandström invänder mot Freud i flera avseenden, men framför allt när det gäller hans fokus på sexual-hämning som den väsentliga orsaken till neurotiska besvär. Min analys visar – till skillnad från tidigare forskning – att hennes relation till Alfred Adler är ambivalent. Förmodade influenser från Wilhelm Reich samt den norske psykoanalytikern Harald Schjelderup hör också till sådant som inte uppmärksammats av tidigare forskning.
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Böhler, Dieter. "Jiftach und die Tora : eine intertextuelle Auslegung von Ri 10,6-12,7 /." Frankfurt, M. ; Berlin Bern Bruxelles New York, NY Oxford Wien : Lang, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990746623/04.
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Schorch, Stefan. "Die Vokale des Gesetzes : Die samaritanische Lesetradition als Textzeugin der Tora /." Berlin : De Gruyter, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40062266p.
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Niessen, Michaela Tosca [Verfasser], and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Langer. "Role of aPKClambda in epidermal morphogenesis and homeostasis / Michaela Tosca Niessen. Gutachter: Thomas Langer." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1038425972/34.
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Pereira, Tiago Rolim. "Uma abordagem para a avaliação de topologias de aplicações em nuvem baseada em TOSCA." Universidade de Fortaleza, 2016. http://dspace.unifor.br/handle/tede/99808.
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Previous issue date: 2016-10-31Provisioning cloud applications usually is a complex task as it involves the deployment and configuration of several components (e.g., load balancer, application server, database) and cloud services (computing, storage, CDN, etc.) also known as application blueprints or topologies. The Topology and Orchestration Specification for Cloud Applications (TOSCA) is a recent standard that has focused on standardizing the way cloud applications are structured and managed to favor interoperability. In this work we describe an approach that facilitates the evaluation of different application topologies by enabling cloud users to easily provision and evaluate different TOSCA topology options based on performance and cost metrics. We show the technical feasibility of the approach based on a case study with the WordPress blogging application where various topologies were automatically provisioned and evaluated in order to gain insights into the best (w.r.t.performance) options. Key-words: Cloud Computing. Provisioning. Topology Evaluation. TOSCA.
Provisionamento de aplicações em nuvem geralmente é uma tarefa complexa, uma vez que envolve a implantação e configuração de vários componentes (ex: balanceador de carga, servidor de aplicações, banco de dados) e serviços de nuvem (computação, armazenamento, CDN, etc.), também conhecido como blueprints ou topologias. Topology and Orchestration Specification for Cloud Applications (TOSCA) é um padrão recente que tem se concentrado em padronizar a forma com que as aplicações em nuvem são estruturadas e gerenciadas para favorecer interoperabilidade. Neste trabalho descrevemos uma abordagem que facilita a avaliação de diferentes topologias de aplicações, permitindo que os usuários de nuvem facilmente provisionem e avaliem diferentes opções de topologias TOSCA baseado em métricas de desempenho e de custo. Nós mostramos a viabilidade técnica da abordagem com base em um estudo de caso com a aplicação de blog WordPress onde várias topologias foram provisionadas automaticamente e avaliadas, a fim de obter informações sobre as melhores opções. Palavras-chaves: Computação em Nuvem. Provisionamento. Avaliação de Topologias . TOSCA.