Relevant bibliographies by topics / Torture and cruel

Academic literature on the topic 'Torture and cruel'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Torture and cruel"

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Ranggong, Ruslan. "The Implementation of the Rights of Suspects in Detention Process." International Journal of Social Science Research 2, no. 1 (November 28, 2013): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijssr.v2i1.4634.

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Detention is a forceful effort taken to confine freedom in the movement of a suspected person committing a crime in the aim of accelerating criminal justice. However, it does not mean that prisoners whose liberty is confined can be treated arbitrarily in the form of torture, cruel treatment and discrimination. This study aims at observing the implementation of the rights of suspects for not being tortured and cruelly treated in the detention process and the obstacles in the implementation of these rights. The findings shows that this kind of implementation has not been optimally realized as torture practice and cruel treatment due to the weak understanding of law instruments against torture and arrogance of the legal officials are still found.
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Knott, Kevin. "The French Poe: Edgar Allan Poe’s “The Pit and the Pendulum” and Villers de L’lsle Adams’ “A Torture by Hope”." Studies in the American Short Story 3, no. 1-2 (November 2022): 75–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/studamershorstor.3.1-2.0075.

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ABSTRACT Villiers de l’Isle-Adam’s “A Torture by Hope” occupied a unique place in the imagination of late nineteenth and early twentieth century literary critics curious about the conte cruel and Edgar Allan Poe’s alleged influence on this French author. In such comparisons Poe’s “The Pit and the Pendulum” was frequently named a literary antecedent to Villier’s “A Torture by Hope,” and though both stories relate horrifying details of protagonists tortured by Spanish inquisitors, a formal analysis of them reveals distinct differences in the respective aesthetic and moral effects, namely the ironic reversals in plot that were distinctive of Villiers’ conte cruel. This essay contextualizes the early twentieth-century debate among literary scholars before offering a comparison of the two stories ending with a review of contemporary scholarship on the conte cruel and its historical significance to horror fiction.
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Arcel, Libby Tata. "TORTURE, CRUEL, INHUMAN AND DEGRADING TREATMENT OF WOMEN - Psychological consequences." Psyke & Logos 22, no. 1 (July 31, 2001): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/pl.v22i1.8530.

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Artiklen diskuterer køns-specifikke torturformer, tværkulturelt, set fra et Menneskerettighedsperspektiv. Den diskuterer hovedsageligt sexuel tortur og grov, umenneskelig og nedværdigende behandling af kvinder udført af statslige magtudøvere, som politi og fængselsfunktionærer i mange kulturer. De seneste udviklinger i internationale love om kvinders menneskerettigheder som de udtrykkes i FN strategier beskrives og diskuteres. Derudover diskuterer artiklen årsagerne bag den totale straffrihed for udøvere af massiv sexuelt misbrug af kvinder under WW2, og opridser de seneste mentalitetsforandringer i opfattelsen af voldtægt af kvinder fra statslige magtudøveres side. I dag anerkendes voldtægt som tortur ifølge FN’s Konvention mod tortur. De fysiske og psykologiske konsekvenser af sexuelt misbrug opsummeres og artiklen foreslår en række forebyggende foranstaltninger på lovmæssigt, institutionelt, civilsamfunds -og individuelt niveau. Nobody asks a male torture victim whether he has consented to torture but the issue of consent is always present when a woman wants to reveal that she has been sexually abused by an official.
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Babatunde, Elkanah. "Torture by the Nigerian Police Force: International Obligations, National Responses and the Way Forward." Strathmore Law Review 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 169–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.52907/slr.v2i1.99.

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Police brutality has become rife in Nigeria and is regarded by some as a normal part of police operations. This is despite the fact that the Nigerian Constitution provides for the guarantee of the right to dignity and the protection against torture and inhuman or degrading treatment. Nigeria is also party to some international treaties such as the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment and the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights which expressly prohibit torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment. This raises the question whether police brutality in Nigeria amounts to torture and / or other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment and whether the existing legal framework sufficiently prevents and punishes the perpetrators of these acts.
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Ustinchenko, Ihor, Volodymyr Mishalov, and Valerii Voichenko. "Case of victim torture in forensic expert practice." Forensic-medical examination, no. 2 (November 25, 2021): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/2707-8728.2.2021.11.

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The article contains a case of causing violent acts, namely torture, which corresponds to the section «Physical evidence of torture» of the «Istanbul Protocol». The morphological manifestations of bodily injuries are given, which are sufficiently informative for their further assessment by law enforcement agencies as manifestations of torture and torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment. Aim of the work. Forensic medical characteristics of morphological manifestations of bodily injury as manifestations of torture and torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment. Material and methods. The material of the research was the archival data of the Luhansk Regional Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination. Well-known forensic and statistical research methods were used. Results. During the forensic examination of the corpse of gr. There were at least 100 injuries in the form of numerous bruises, bruises, wounds, a strangulation furrow on the neck, and changes in the anus. Conclusion. Revealed during the forensic medical examination of the corpse of gr. M. at least 100 bodily injuries in the form of numerous abrasions, bruises, wounds, a strangulation groove on the neck and changes in the anus were identified by law enforcement agencies as manifestations of torture and torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment in accordance with the section «Physical evidence torture» of the «Istanbul Protocol».
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Wolfendale, Jessica. "The Myth of “Torture Lite”." Ethics & International Affairs 23, no. 1 (2009): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7093.2009.00189.x.

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Since the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, the phrase “torture lite” has appeared in public discourse about torture, used by journalists, military intelligence personnel, and academics to distinguish between two kinds of torture: torture, which is violent, physically mutilating, cruel and brutal, and torture lite, which refers to interrogation methods that are, it is claimed, more restrained and less severe than real torture. Techniques in the latter category, which are also described as “enhanced interrogation techniques” or “stress and duress methods,” include extended sleep deprivation, noise bombardment, and forced standing. In this paper I argue that the distinction between torture and torture lite is attractive to liberal democracies because it bolsters what David Luban has called the “liberal ideology of torture,” the myth that torture can be compatible with the basic commitments of liberal states. However, as I shall demonstrate, torture lite techniques are torture, for they are sufficiently cruel and severe to meet any plausible definition of torture. Furthermore, the use of terms like “torture lite” and the nature of such techniques encourage a moral psychology in which the violence and cruelty of torture is denied, the victim's suffering is hidden, minimized and doubted, and the torturer's responsibility is diminished. As such, the use of torture lite techniques is likely to encourage the normalization of torture.
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Haq, Inamul. "Kashmir Conflict and the Advent of Torture: An Overview." Randwick International of Social Science Journal 1, no. 1 (April 25, 2020): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.47175/rissj.v1i1.9.

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Modern states have built burgeoning detention facilities like immigration centers, prisons and police cells that engage in torture and other cruel, inhuman treatments. The law enforcement agencies engage in torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment in the name of counter- terrorism, security threats and soon. The state uses torture and makes it clear that enhanced interrogation techniques makes a person from kidnapping to extra-ordinary rendition, from citizen to unlawful enemy combatant and from human to terrorist. The valley of Kashmir faces torture and other cruel inhuman treatments since insurgency began in 1990’s, with violent uprising and have elicited terrorism. Methods like torture is used as a tool of counter- insurgency by Indian security forces. The government of India used all efforts to crush the movement of self- determination of Kashmir. The strong response from India violates the human rights and international humanitarian laws. The law enforcement agencies, army and para- military forces have engaged in reprisal attacks against civilians resulting in indiscriminate firing, search operations, gang-rapes and burning of houses in the valley. After 1990, the situation in the Kashmir valley deteriorated and Kashmir was declared a disturbed area and laws like Disturbed Area Act (DAA) 1990, Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA) 1990 and Public Safety Act (PSA) 1978 were imposed. The purpose of the paper is to examine the concept of Torture in Kashmir valley and bring to light the plight of the victims in the valley.
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Mamon, Saleh. "Cruel Britannia: a secret history of torture." Race & Class 55, no. 1 (July 2013): 103–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306396813486614.

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Voichenko, Valerii, Volodymyr Mishalov, Valerii Viun, and Davyd Valyakhmetov. "Forensic medical evaluation manifestations infliction of torture and torture and effective ways of fixation documented in the «Istanbul protocol»." Forensic-medical examination, no. 1 (May 29, 2017): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/2707-8728.1.2017.6.

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In the article the forensic evaluation of certain manifestations of torture and infliction of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading Degrading Treatment or Punishment and effective ways of fixing the documentary under the provisions of «Istanbul Protocol».
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Kipāne, Aldona. "CONCEPT OF TORTURE IN A CRIMINAL LAW." Administrative and Criminal Justice 2, no. 79 (June 30, 2017): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/acj.v2i79.2802.

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The paper considers basic provisions about the concept of torture in a Criminal Law and characteristics of torture. Torture constitutes a serious crime with traumatic physical and psychological consequences. The ban on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment is well articulated in national and international instruments. The paper provides analyses of various scientists, theories of Criminal Law, it also analyses the existing judicial practice.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Torture and cruel"

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Mokhtari, Ali. "Torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82665.

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Is it an activity qualified as torture only when it is carried out for certain purposes? At the heart of the debate lies the question of whether or not corporal punishment is a form of torture. Aspects of corporal punishment remain acceptable according certain religious traditions. An example of this is found in traditional Islamic law, which has banned both torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment, when used for the express purpose of obtaining confessions or information. In other circumstances, however, severe corporal punishment is acceptable in Islamic law. As a result, some Islamic states whose domestic law is rooted in traditional Islamic law, justify their use of torture by invoking Islamic traditions: they claim that corporal punishment is derived from God's will. These states tend to consider its use as lawful sanctions, and it is made legal under their domestic law. In this paper, Iran is studied as one such state.
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Welch, Gita B. Honwana. "The prohibition of torture, cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment in international law." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358633.

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Prasanna, Tanusri. "Normative underpinnings of the proscription of removals risking torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669705.

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Ackermann, Marilize. "An assessment of South Africa's obligations under the United Nations Convention against torture." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2638.

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Magister Legum - LLM
I attempt to analyze South Africa's legal position pertaining to torture, in relation to the international legal framework. Since it has been established that torture and cruel inhuman and degrading treatment (CIDT) usually occur in situations where persons are deprived of personal liberty, I examine legislation, policies and practices applicable to specific places of detention, such as correctional centres, police custody, repatriation centers, mental health care facilities and child and youth care centers. I establish that although South Africa has ratified the UNCAT and is a signatory to the OPCAT, our legal system greatly lacks in structure and in mechanisms of enforcement, as far as the absolute prohibition and the prevention of torture and other forms of cruel and degrading treatment or punishment are concerned. I submit that South Africa has a special duty to eradicate torture, since many of its citizens and several of its political leaders are actually victims of torture, who suffered severe ill treatment under the apartheid regime. I argue that the South African legal system is sufficiently capable of adopting a zero-tolerance policy toward torture and to incorporate this with the general stance against crime. In many respects, South Africa is an example to other African countries and should strongly condemn all forms of human rights violations, especially torture, since acts of torture are often perpetrated by public officials who abuse their positions of authority. I conclude by making submissions and recommendations for law reform, in light of the obstacles encountered within a South African context.
South Africa
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Saffrey-Mayger, Richard George. "An assessment of the United Kingdom's implementation of the United Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/16008.

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This thesis will assess the United Kingdom’s implementation of the United Nations Convention Against Torture and other Cruel Inhuman and Degrading Treatment or Punishment. It will first focus on a contextual analysis of the problem of torture, examining the circumstances in which it has historically been used, philosophical and theoretical perspectives on the practice and the political aspects of torture, including its effect on international relations. This will illustrate the circumstances in which torture is used, the motivation behind it and the way in which it affects its victims. The argument will then be made that, in view of the uniquely grave nature of the practice of torture, it is insufficient for States to merely criminalise it and punish the offenders. They must actively seek to eradicate it from society and ultimately prevent it from occurring. It is against this aim that the thesis will examine the compliance of the United Kingdom with its obligations under the Convention. This examination will look first at the international regime for the prevention of torture, focusing on the work of the United Nations Committee Against Torture. The engagement of the United Kingdom with this body will be explored in detail and the argument made that more needs to be done in order to ensure that the Committee’s recommendations are put into effect and that treatment contrary to the Convention is prevented from taking place. The final part of the thesis will assess the United Kingdom’s State practice with a focus on key institutions of the State including the courts and the legislature. This part of the thesis will seek to explore the extent to which the practices of these institutions is consistent with an overall aim of preventing torture and the extent to which they show awareness of the Convention and its requirements of the Convention in the discharge of their functions. The conclusion will be drawn that, while the Human Rights Act has gone some way towards improving compliance, more needs to be done to insure a complete implementation by the United Kingdom of its obligations under the Convention and full prevention of torture. The State must actively engage with the Committee and the organs of the State must consider the Convention Against Torture in the discharge of all of their functions to ensure that these aims are achieved.
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Rudhe, Julia. "Mechanical restraint in psychiatric healthcare facilities : A helpful tool, or torture or other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment in disguise?" Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-195116.

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The use of mechanical restraint is a common practice in psychiatric care, often defended by medical necessity but seldom questioned from a human rights perspective. The purpose of this thesis has been to investigate under which circumstances mechanical restraint by bed through belt fixation could amount to torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Persons with psychosocial disabilities are in a particularly vulnerable situation and as the International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) is the most comprehensive rights framework for this group, it has been discussed whether the CRPD sets out additional safeguards in relation to restraint.  A legal doctrinal approach is the basic methodology used in order to outline the current international and European legal framework on torture and other ill-treatment and disability rights. A survivor-controlled research methodology has been applied and to amplify other voices of persons with firsthand experience of being mechanically restrained, interviews have been conducted with persons from Sweden and Spain. Healthcare professionals have also been interviewed. A feminist perspective on the law is applied.  Different international conventions and bodies of the United Nations have diverse interpretations on what acts or omissions that amount to torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, although there is an aim and will to streamline the conventions. It is clear that the use of mechanical restraint can create such intense mental or physical suffering required to reach the common criterion of seriousness. However, some people do not experience the required levels of suffering for it to be considered torture, meaning that it might not amount to torture but rather other ill-treatment. The threshold for being considered torture according to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (UNCAT) seems to be somewhat higher than that of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the European Convention of Human Rights (ECHR). In this thesis it was found that the most critical element for this is the requirement of intent. Intent can however be implied under certain circumstances if the practice is of discriminatory nature. If a person has a psychosocial disability, intent might be presumed if States do not provide appropriate health care. In the case of girls and women, intent might also be presumed since they seem to have a higher risk of getting restrained for unlawful reasons.  The main conclusion in this thesis is that mechanical restraint by bed through belt fixation could amount to torture or other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment according to the UNCAT, ICCPR and ECHR.
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Mukherjee, Amrita. "The United Nations charter and treaty based monitoring mechanisms in relation to the prohibition of torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment : a study of two states, the United Kingdom and the Republic of India." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415863.

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Sheie, Marc A. "The Evolution of Warfare, the Laws of War, and the Ethical Implications of U.S. Detainee Policy in the Global War on Terror and Beyond." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/55221.

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Approved for public release
The atrocities committed by Americans at Abu Ghraib shocked the collective American moral conscience. Guilty of inhumane treatment of its prisoners there, Abu Ghraib did immeasurable damage to U.S. credibility and made clear that American detainee policy is off-track and needs to comply with objective standards of law, morality, and operational effectiveness. The emotional aftermath of 9/11 created a politically permissive environment within which the military organizational structures was unsuited for the critical tasks assigned to them relative to the context of the Bush Administration’s “new paradigm.” Two issues sit at the forefront of the political context of U.S. detainee policy: war powers and human rights. This thesis will utilize a synthesized decision-making model to analyze the President’s decisions leading to the current detainee policy. Policy alternatives require smaller corrections to bureaucratic process, not a major reorganization of bureaucratic structure. This thesis will provide policy-makers with a moral and legal framework for a corrected detainee policy. Adoption of the full framework of the 1949 Geneva Conventions, including U.S. ratification of Additional Protocols I and II (1977), provides the best framework to combat transnational insurgency, while retaining the moral and legal high ground required of the world’s superpower.
Major, United States Air Force
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FAYE, PASTOR SYLVIE. "La torture et les traitements cruels inhumains ou degradants dans les codes de deontologie medicale." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO1M012.

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Kaosala, Vipada. "L'application interne du principe de non-refoulement : exemples français et canadien." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1008.

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La France a mis en place en juillet 2015 une réforme en vue de transposer le nouveau « paquet asile » européen alors que le Canada a renforcé depuis décembre 2012 ses procédures d’asile en adoptant des changements ayant essentiellement pour objet de lutter contre les abus du système d’asile canadien. En s’orientant vers des politiques dissimulées visant les expulsions expéditives des demandeurs d’asile déboutés et des personnes indignes de la protection, la France et le Canada, connus en tant que terre d’asile, respectent-ils toujours leur obligation international du non-refoulement ? Cette thèse s’appuie sur les lois en vigueur des deux États notamment le Code de l’entrée et du séjour des étrangers et du droit d’asile (France) et la Loi sur l’immigration et la protection des réfugiés (Canada), les jurisprudences nationales et internationales, et les textes internationaux. Elle met en lumière les pratiques et législations nationales relatives à l’octroi de l’asile et à l’éloignement des demandeurs d’asile et des réfugiés qui peuvent ou pourraient porter atteinte au principe de non-refoulement, tel que consacré par le droit international des réfugiés ainsi que par le droit international des droits de l’homme
In July 2015, France adopted an asylum reform bill in order to transpose the EU asylum legislative package. In comparison, Canada has, since 2012, strengthened its national asylum procedures by introducing a number of changes with the objective of preventing the abuse of Canada’s inland refugee determination system. In moving towards hidden policies aimed at the efficiency of removals of failed refugee claimants and persons unworthy of international protection, are France and Canada, known as safe havens, respecting their international obligations of Non-Refoulement ? This thesis focuses on the laws in force in both States in particular the Code of the Entry and Stay of Foreigners and Asylum Law (France) and the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (Canada), national and international jurisprudence, and other relevant international documents. The present study aims at highlighting the national legislations and practices relating to the grant of asylum and the expulsion of asylum seekers and refugees which violate or could violate the Principle of Non-Refoulement as enshrined in both International Refugee Law and International Human Rights Law
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Books on the topic "Torture and cruel"

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Citizenship, Canada Multiculturalism and. Outlawing an ancient evil, torture: Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment : initial report of Canada. Ottawa: Minister of Supply and Services, 1989.

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Citizenship, Canada Multiculturalism and. Outlawing an ancient evil, torture: Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment : initial report of Canada. Ottawa: Minister of Supply and Services, 1992.

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The death penalty as cruel treatment and torture: Capital punishment challenged in the world's courts. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1996.

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Cyprus. The Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (Optional Protocol) (Ratification) Law, 2009: (English translation). Nicosia: Office of the Law Commissioner, 2015.

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Section, Amnesty International Dutch, and Codesria, eds. Monitoring and investigating torture, cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment, and prison conditions. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Amnesty International, 2000.

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National Human Rights Commission (Bangladesh), ed. The convention against torture and other cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment: A study on Bangladesh compliance. Dhaka: National Human Rights Commission, Bangladesh, 2013.

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Komnas Perempuan (Organization : Indonesia). Menentang penyiksaan dan perlakuan atau penghukuman lain yang kejam, tidak manusiawi, dan merendahkan martabat manusia. Jakarta: Publikasi Komnas Perempuan, 2010.

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Benedanto, Pax. Konvensi Anti Penyiksaan: Panduan bagi jurnalis. Jakarta: Lembaga Studi Pers dan Pembangunan, 2000.

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United Nations. Committee against Torture. Conclusions and recommendations of the UN Committee against Torture: Eleventh to twenty-second sessions (1993-1999). Boston, Mass: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2000.

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Geraldine, Van Bueren, ed. Childhood abused: Protecting children against torture, cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment and punishment. Aldershot, Hants, England: Ashgate, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Torture and cruel"

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Payne-James, Jason, and Richard Jones. "Torture and cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment." In Simpson's Forensic Medicine, 271–75. 14e. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2019. | Preceded by Simpson's forensic medicine / Jason Payne-James … [et al.]. 13th ed. c2011. |: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315157054-20.

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Webster, Elaine. "From degrading treatment to torture, cruel and inhuman treatment." In Dignity, Degrading Treatment and Torture in Human Rights Law, 125–37. New York : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge research in human rights law: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315719443-7.

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Oellers-Frahm, Karin, and Andreas Zimmermann. "Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment." In Dispute Settlement in Public International Law, 422–41. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56626-4_22.

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Payne-James, Jason, Jonathan Beynon, and Duarte Nuno Vieira. "Assessment of Physical Evidence of Torture or Cruel, Inhuman, and Degrading Treatment during Visits to Places of Detention." In Monitoring Detention, Custody, Torture, and Ill-Treatment, 85–126. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2018.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315211459-6.

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Marchesi, Antonio. "Article 15 [Freedom from Torture or Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment]." In The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, 307–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43790-3_19.

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Tardu, Maxime. "The United Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment." In International Geneva Yearbook 1988, 13–21. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1939-1_2.

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Sørensen, Bent, and Paul Dalton. "The Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhumane or Degrading Treatment or Punishment — Limitations, Restrictions and Reservations." In Reservations to Human Rights Treaties and the Vienna Convention Regime, 79–93. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-6019-5_5.

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"PART I: Cruel, Inhuman, and Degrading Punishment." In Torture in Brazil, 11–38. University of Texas Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.7560/704848-005.

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Hurd, Ian. "Torture." In How to Do Things with International Law, 103–28. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691196503.003.0006.

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This chapter focuses on the legal status of torture, assessing the implications of an international ban on torture that coexists with a nontrivial level of torture in practice. This is not simply a case of torture law being violated. There is wide, perhaps unanimous, agreement that torture is prohibited by international law, and the legitimacy of the ban is rarely contested. The rule is established most directly by the Geneva Conventions and 1984 Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment (CAT), but it is also widely held that torture is outlawed under jus cogens norms intrinsic in the international system. Despite this, many governments engage in practices that seem clearly prohibited by laws against torture. Much of this behavior comes with detailed defense of its legality. Thus, the politics of torture generally address questions of what constitutes torture, not concerns over the ban itself. This is precisely how the Bush administration used anti-torture law: to demonstrate that its actions were not subject to the rules. Officials sought a zone of legally protected irresponsibility. They used international law against torture as tools to legalize torture.
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"Cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment." In Reproductive Freedom, Torture and International Human Rights, 239–67. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203074749-16.

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Reports on the topic "Torture and cruel"

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Rohwerder, Brigitte. The Right to Protection of Forcibly Displaced Persons During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2021.052.

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The unprecedented shutdown of borders and restrictions on migration in response to the Covid-19 pandemic have put the core principles of refugee protection to test and resulted in the erosion of the right to asylum and violations of the principle of non-refoulment (no one should be returned to a country where they would face torture; cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment; or punishment and other irreparable harm). Covid-19 is being used by some governments as an excuse to block people from the right to seek asylum and implement their nationalist agendas of border closures and anti-immigration policies.
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