Relevant bibliographies by topics / Torsion stabilizer

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Torsion stabilizer'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Torsion stabilizer"

1

Giannakis, Efstratios, Elli Sivena, Michail Malikoutsakis, and Georgios Savaidis. "Fatigue design and testing of automotive stabilizer bars." MATEC Web of Conferences 188 (2018): 02014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818802014.

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Stabilisers are components of the axle suspension system of cars trucks, trains and other moving road vehicles that connect the movement of the two sides of the suspension (right and left) to keep the vehicle levelled. Stabilizers experience bending and torsion at operation. In particular, their arms experience bending while the main body mainly torsional loading. In both cases, the highly stressed area is the surface, where the maximum tensile and shear stresses are acting. High strength steels and special treatments, thermal and/or mechanical, are used for the stabilisers’ manufacturing. The present study deals with necessary input data for fatigue life assessments based on the FKM guideline [1]. In addition, fatigue tests are conducted to calculate the stress-life curves of two different manufacturing processes.
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Geonea, I., N. Dumitru, A. Rosca, N. Craciunoiu, L. Racila, and C. Copilusi. "Computation of a torsion spring stabilizer bar rigidity and fatigue resistance." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 568 (September 17, 2019): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/568/1/012013.

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Rakitikul, Waleepan, and Piyarat Nimmanpipug. "Degree of Esterification and Gelling Properties of Pectin Structure in Coffee Pulp." Key Engineering Materials 675-676 (January 2016): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.675-676.11.

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Pectin is a high value functional food ingredient widely used as a gelling agent and stabilizer. The chemical structure of pectin has been the subject of scientific investigations for decades. Coffee producers remove beans; the other source of pectin, from coffee cherries is thrown away. Our study showed that pectin extracted from coffee pulp has high degree of esterification and methoxyl content of 93.75% and 7.87 respectively, which indicated good gelation properties. Nevertheless, here we were interested in the primary structure of pectin which is a complex polysaccharides that contains 1, 4-linked a-D-galactosyluronic acid (GalpA) residue. A theoretical dimension, density functional theory (DFT) with Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA)/ BLYP functions, was utilized to study methylester substitution in pectin model compounds. For further discussion, the use of a COSMO model in different solvent showed the significant results in the difference torsion angle and HOMO diagram.
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Hu, Lin, Shengyong Fang, and Jia Yang. "Study of the Vehicle Controllability and Stability Based on Multi-body System Dynamics." Open Mechanical Engineering Journal 8, no. 1 (December 31, 2014): 865–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874155x01408010865.

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In this paper, the 135 Degree of Freedom multi-body system dynamics model was built by using the software ADAMS/CAR, according to the requests of Chinese standards, and the simulating research about 6 performances of automotive controllability and stability were carried on. Based on the simulating results, some automobile’s performance, such as return-ability, slalom-ability and steering efforts-ability, were excellent, but some other performances, such as steady state cornering ability, steering wheel angle pulse input response ability and steering wheel angle step input response ability, were not satisfied. In order to improve the performance of the automobile, three parameters, i.e. the automotive mass, the load of front axis and the torsion stiffness of rear stabilizer anti-roll bar, were selected as the optimized objects. Within the variety range of the parameters, the multi-body system of the automobile was optimized. Automotive controllability and stability is improved obviously based on the simulating results of the optimized multibody system.
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Planat, Michel. "Quantum computing thanks to Bianchi groups." EPJ Web of Conferences 198 (2019): 00012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201919800012.

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It has been shown that the concept of a magic state (in universal quantum computing: uqc) and that of a minimal informationally complete positive operator valued measure: MIC-POVMs (in quantum measurements) are in good agreement when such a magic state is selected in the set of non-stabilizer eigenstates of permutation gates with the Pauli group acting on it [1]. Further work observed that most found low-dimensional MICs may be built from subgroups of the modular group PS L(2, Z) [2] and that this can be understood from the picture of the trefoil knot and related 3-manifolds [3]. Here one concentrates on Bianchi groups PS L(2, O10) (with O10 the integer ring over the imaginary quadratic field) whose torsion-free subgroups define the appropriate knots and links leading to MICs and the related uqc. One finds a chain of Bianchi congruence n-cusped links playing a significant role [4].
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Boughton, Philip, Y. Chen, C. Thompson, G. Roger, Jari Hyvarinen, and Andrew Ruys. "Development of a Bioabsorbable Glass-Reinforced-Glass Intra-Osseous Scaffold for Fracture Healing." Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering 9 (January 2011): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbte.9.81.

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Intramedullary (IM) nails are routinely used to stabilize long bone fractures. They can however lead to stress shielding, pain, migration, obstruct hematopoietic tissue, become a loci for infection, and require subsequent surgical retrieval. Novel intra-osseous scaffold (IOS™) prototypes for fracture healing have been developed to function as a regenerative scaffold to enhance callous formation under mechanically stabilized conditions then resorb. Prototype fixation pins and rod systems were formed from glass-reinforced-glass. Flexion, torsion and shear tests were performed to evaluate the composite pins and rods. A modular rod design was successfully deployed and dilated while in a deformable state. When fitted and gripping the intramedullary canal then set in a rigid state. An obliquely sectioned ovine femur was used as a long bone fracture model for deployment and mechanical verification. Flexural support provided by the intramedullary scaffold was superior to multiple k-wire fixation, while the k-wire approach was more stabilizing under torsional loads. Glass reinforced glass samples were mechanically tested after soaking for up to 4 weeks in saline. Strength and modulus of the composite was reduced to approximately 25% of initial values after 2 weeks.
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Read, R. A., R. Day, and M. J. Thomson. "The Comparative Strengths of Orthopaedic Staples Versus a 2.7 mm T Plate in the Stabilisation of Distal Radial Osteotomies." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 11, no. 02 (1998): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1632618.

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SummaryDistal radial osteotomies were performed in 20 limbs from ten cadaver specimens. Ten bones were stabilised with two × 1.6 mm surgical bone staples and ten were stabilised with a 2.7 mm T platea. The radii were removed and the osteotomies were biomechanically tested in torsion initially, and then to failure in bending. Statistically significant differences were not found between the two types of repair in torsional stiffness, bending stiffness, deflection to failure in bending, or load to failure in bending. Orthopaedic staples are a simple, cost-effective alternative to bone plates for stabilisation of distal radial osteotomies.Bilateral distal radial osteotomies were created in dog cadavers and then repaired with either two bone staples or a 2.7 mm T plate. The limbs were then tested in vitro to compare the relative strengths of the repairs in torsion and bending. Statistically significant differences were not found between the two methods of stabilisation.
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Perez, Mireya, Mohammad Hossain, Edward Silverman, Randall Fitch, Ryan Wicker, and Michelle Meyer. "Effect of headless compression screw on construct stability for centre of rotation and angulation-based levelling osteotomy." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 30, no. 04 (2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3415/vcot-16-09-0136.

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Summary Objective: To compare the biomechanical properties of bone and implant constructs when used for the centre of rotation and angulation (CORA) based levelling osteotomy, with and without implantation of a trans-osteotomy headless compression screw tested under three-point flexural and torsional forces; thereby determining the contribution of a trans-osteotomy headless compression screw with regards to stability of the construct. Methods: Experimental biomechanical study utilizing 12 pairs of cadaveric canine tibias. Using the CORA based levelling osteotomy (CBLO) procedure, the osteotomy was stabilized with either a standard non-locking CBLO bone plate augmented with a headless compression screw (HCS) or a CBLO bone plate alone. Tibial constructs were mechanically tested in three-point craniocaudal flexural testing or in torsion. Results: In three-point flexural testing, the difference between the two constructs was not significant. In torsion, the difference in the angle of failure between constructs with a HCS (48.46°) and constructs without a HCS (81.65°) was significant (p = 0.036). Maximum torque achieved by constructs with a HCS (21.7 Nm) was greater than those without (18.7 Nm) (p = 0.056). Stiffness differences between both groups in torsion and bending were not significant. Use of a HCS did increase the stability of the CBLO construct in torsional testing, but not in flexural testing.
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Bai, Hua, and Sen Hua Huang. "Research on the Aerodynamic Measures Impact on Flutter Stability of Steel Truss Suspension Bridge." Advanced Materials Research 791-793 (September 2013): 378–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.791-793.378.

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The flutter stability of the steel truss suspension bridge is hard to reach the requirement of the wind resisting stability when lacks the torsional stiffness. This paper discusses the influence of aerodynamic measure combination, such as central stabilizer, air director enclosed anti-collision bar and so on, towards the flutter stability of steel truss through the wind tunnel experiment of the bridge of Liu Jia gorge. The result shows: the effect of using both the upper and lower stabilized plate is better than separated used it. when sectionalized dispose upper stabilized plate, the flutter critical wind speed of attack angle will decrease rapidly. Outlaying the horizontal guide plate is better than internally installed; The flutter stability of different attack angle tend to be balanced by widening the horizontal guide plate. The anti-collision bar can be functionalized as the central stabilizer by heightening and enclosing, and effectively increase the critical wind speed of different attack angles of the high truss suspension bridge.
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DeSmidt, H. A., K. W. Wang, and E. C. Smith. "Coupled Torsion-Lateral Stability of a Shaft-Disk System Driven Through a Universal Joint." Journal of Applied Mechanics 69, no. 3 (May 1, 2002): 261–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1460907.

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Understanding the instability phenomena of rotor-shaft and driveline systems incorporating universal joints is becoming increasingly important because of the trend towards light-weight, high-speed supercritical designs. In this paper, a nondimensional, periodic, linear time-varying model with torsional and lateral degrees-of-freedom is developed for a rotor shaft-disk assembly supported on a flexible bearing and driven through a U-joint. The stability of this system is investigated utilizing Floquet theory. It is shown that the interaction between torsional and lateral dynamics results in new regions of parametric instability that have not been addressed in previous investigations. The presence of load inertia and misalignment causes dynamic coupling of the torsion and lateral modes, which can result in torsion-lateral instability for shaft speeds near the sum-type combinations of the torsion and lateral natural frequencies. The effect of angular misalignment, static load-torque, load-inertia, lateral frequency split, and auxiliary damping on the stability of the system is studied over a range of shaft operating speeds. Other than avoiding the unstable operating frequencies, the effectiveness of using auxiliary lateral viscous damping as a means of stabilizing the system is investigated. Finally, a closed-form technique based on perturbation expansions is derived to determine the auxiliary damping necessary to stabilize the system for the least stable case (worst case).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Torsion stabilizer"

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Haratek, Marek. "Měření charakteristiky torzních stabilizátorů náprav vozidel." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-445162.

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This diploma thesis deals with the measurement of the torsion stabilizer characteristics. The beginning of the thesis explains the function of a torsion stabilizer in a vehicle and introduces various technical options of stabilization. Next part is focused on computational simulation of representative stabilizers. Next parts are devoted to proposition of measuring device for torsion stabilizers in the laboratory and execution of the experiment. In the final part multibody model is created to demonstrate achieved results.
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Books on the topic "Torsion stabilizer"

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Manual on Design and Manufacture of Torsion Bar Springs and Stabilizer Bars: 2000 Edition. 5th ed. Society of Automotive Engineers Inc, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Torsion stabilizer"

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Oliveira, Tarcisio R., and Frank Montheillet. "Texture Evolution during Direct and Reversed Hot Torsion Tests of Stabilized Ferritic Stainless Steels." In Materials Science Forum, 477–82. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-975-x.477.

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Tu, Loring W. "Free and Locally Free Actions." In Introductory Lectures on Equivariant Cohomology, 197–204. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691191751.003.0024.

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This chapter addresses free and locally free actions. It uses the Cartan model to compute the equivariant cohomology of a circle action, so equivariant cohomology is taken with real coefficients. An action is said to be free if the stabilizer of every point consists only of the identity element. It turns out that the equivariant cohomology of a free circle action is always u-torsion. More generally, an action of a topological group G on a topological space X is locally free if the stabilizer Stab(x) of every point is discrete. The chapter then proves that the equivariant cohomology of a locally free circle action on a manifold is also u-torsion.
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Thometz, J., and XC Liu. "Follow-up of an Elongation Bending Derotation Brace in the treatment of infantile scoliosis." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti210461.

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Since 2013, an elongation bending derotation brace (EBDB) has been developed and applied to EOS in our institution. The goals of the study were: 1) to compare radiographic changes before the use of EBDB (Pre-B), in brace (IB), and after the use of EBDB (Post-B) in a minimal two year follow-up; 2) to determine the compliance with the EBDB. Thirteen children diagnosed with an infantile scoliosis (IS) were retrospectively recruited. Under general anesthesia in the OR, child was placed on a Spica casting table, and the spine was manipulated by stockinet straps. Then 3D child’s torso was scanned, the EBDB was designed and manufactured for exact fitting to the torso in the corrected position using CAD/CAM technology.1 Mean age at start of EBDB was 2 years and 6 months. Average follow-up was 36 months. Compliance showed a mean 19 hours per day (14 to 23 hours). Pre-treatment Cobb angle was 40°, in brace 22°, and out of brace 28° (p<0.05). Axial vertebral rotation (AVR) by Nash-Moe method improved from 30% before treatment to 21% in brace and 19% at the end of visit (p<0.05). Kyphosis was significantly increased from 16° (Pre-B) to 32° (Post-B) (P<0.05). However, there was reduction of Rib-vertebral angle difference (RVAD) from 23° (Pre-B) to 11° (Post-B) (P>0.05). A cascade of EBDB effectively corrects and stabilizes the 3D spinal deformities in infantile. Thus the EBDB is considered as a successful modality in the treatment of IS children.
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Conference papers on the topic "Torsion stabilizer"

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DeSmidt, Hans A., K. W. Wang, and Edward C. Smith. "Coupled Torsion-Lateral Stability of a Shaft-Disk System Driven Through a Universal Joint." In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/vib-21423.

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Abstract Understanding the instability phenomena of rotor-shaft and driveline systems incorporating universal joints is becoming increasingly important because of the trend towards light-weight, high-speed supercritical designs. A non-dimensional, periodic, linear time-varying model with torsional and lateral degrees-of-freedom is developed for a rotor shaft-disk assembly supported on a flexible bearing and driven through a U-Joint and stability is investigated with Floquet Theory. It is shown that the interaction between torsional and lateral dynamics results in new regions of parametric instability that have not been addressed in previous investigations. The presence of load inertia and misalignment causes dynamic coupling of the torsion and lateral modes, which can result in torsion-lateral instability for shaft speeds near the sum-type combinations of the torsion and lateral natural frequencies. The effect of angular misalignment, static load-torque, load-inertia, lateral frequency-split, and auxiliary damping on the stability of the system is studied over a range of shaft operating speeds. Also, the effectiveness of auxiliary lateral viscous damping as a means of stabilizing the system is investigated. Finally, a closed-form technique based on perturbation expansions is derived to determine the auxiliary damping necessary to stabilize the system for the least stable case (worst case).
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Li, Ming, Mingshui Li, and Yanguo Sun. "Aerodynamic Optimization for the Flutter Performance of the Yang-Si- Gang Yangtze River Bridge with a Double-Deck Truss Girder." In IABSE Conference, Seoul 2020: Risk Intelligence of Infrastructures. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/seoul.2020.153.

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<p>In this paper, the flutter performance of the Yang-Si-Gang Yangtze River Bridge in China with a main span of 1700 m and a double-deck truss girder was studied via a large number of section model wind tunnel tests. The results show that the soft flutter characterized by no evident wind speed divergence point and a quasi-harmonic single-degree-of-freedom torsional vibration was observed for the double-deck truss girder. The bridge might suffer the risk of sustained vibration at relatively low wind speeds. The upper central stabilizer installed on the upper deck, the lower stabilizer installed on the lower deck and the flaps installed beside the bottoms of the sidewalks can all effectively increase the critical flutter wind speed. The combinations of effective measures can achieve better flutter mitigation effects. The optimal aerodynamic scheme is determined as the truss girder with widening the upper carriers and sidewalks and combining the lower stabilizers with the inspection vehicle rail below the lower deck. In addition, it was also found that the torsional response can be alleviated substantially by increasing the structural torsional damping ratio, indicating that the dampers may be efficient in controlling soft flutter characterized by single-degree-of-freedom torsional vibration. This study aims to provide a useful reference and guidance for the flutter design optimization of long-span bridges with double-deck truss girders.</p>
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Sirichotiyakul, Wankun, Aykut C. Satici, Eric S. Sanchez, and Pranav A. Bhounsule. "Energetically-Optimal Discrete and Continuous Stabilization of the Rimless Wheel With Torso." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97955.

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Abstract In this work, we discuss the modeling, control, and implementation of a rimless wheel with torso. We derive and compare two control methodologies: a discrete-time controller (DT) that updates the controls once-per-step and a continuous-time controller (CT) that updates gains continuously. For the discrete controller, we use least-squares estimation method to approximate the Poincaré map on a certain section and use discrete-linear-quadratic-regulator (DQLR) to stabilize a (closed-form) linearization of this map. For the continuous controller, we introduce moving Poincaré sections and stabilize the transverse dynamics along these moving sections. For both controllers, we estimate the region of attraction of the closed-loop system using sum-of-squares methods. Analysis of the impact map yields a refinement of the controller that stabilizes a steady-state walking gait with minimal energy loss. We present both simulation and experimental results that support the validity of the proposed approaches. We find that the CT controller has a larger region of attraction and smoother stabilization as compared with the DT controller.
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White, James F., and Oddvar O. Bendiksen. "Aeroelastic Behavior of Low Aspect Ratio Metal and Composite Blades." In ASME 1986 International Gas Turbine Conference and Exhibit. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/86-gt-243.

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The aeroelastic stability of titanium and composite blades of low aspect ratio is examined over a range of design parameters, using a Rayleigh-Ritz formulation. The blade modes include a plate-type mode to account for chordwise bending. Chordwise flexibility is found to have a significant effect on the unstalled supersonic flutter of low aspect ratio blades, and also on the stability of tip sections of shrouded fan blades. For blades with a thickness of less than approximately four percent of chord, the chordwise, second bending, and first torsion branches are all unstable at moderately high supersonic Mach numbers. For composite blades, the important structural coupling between bending and torsion cannot be modeled properly unless chordwise bending is accounted for. Typically, aft fiber sweep produces beneficial bending-torsion coupling that is stabilizing, whereas forward fiber sweep has the opposite effect. By using crossed-ply laminate configurations, critical aeroelastic modes can be stabilized.
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Starossek, Uwe. "Eccentric-wing flutter stabilizer – Simplified analysis and main findings." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.2580.

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<p>A device aiming at preventing bridge flutter is studied. It consists of fixed wings positioned with a large lateral offset along the edges of the bridge deck. The wings are attached to the bridge deck by means of lateral support structures. Flutter analyses for various kinds of bridges and wind-tunnel tests confirm the flutter-suppression effectiveness of the wings. They constitute a passive damping device without moving parts. This is an advantage over devices with moving parts, which meet resistance due to reliability and maintenance concerns. The main findings to date concerning analysis, flutter-suppression effectiveness, and cost-efficiency of the eccentric-wing flutter stabilizer are summarized. In addition, a simplified approach for the analysis of torsional flutter of a bridge equipped with this device is presented and applied to the first Tacoma Narrows Bridge. It is found that with relatively small effort the flutter stability of that bridge could have been substantially improved.</p>
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Qiu, Baoxiang, Zengliang Gao, Xiaogui Wang, and Yanyao Jiang. "Prediction of Fatigue Initiation Life of 16MnR Notched Components." In ASME 2007 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2007-26779.

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Fatigue initiation life of smooth and notched rod 16MnR specimens subjected to fully reversed uniaxial tension-compression and pure torsion cyclic loading was studied by a multiaxial fatigue damage criterion. A robust cyclic plasticity model was implemented into ABAQUS via a user-material subroutine UMAT. In virtue of the axisymmetry of geometry and loading, an axisymmetric model was facilitated to get the cyclic elasto-plastic stress-strain relationship. The accumulated fatigue damage of each material point in different material plane was then obtained by Jiang’s fatigue damage criterion. From the results of fatigue damage analysis we know that the maximum stabilized damage per loading cycle was at the root of the notch, where the material point firstly reaches the critical damage value. Fatigue crack initiation life is defined as the ratio of the critical damage to the maximum fatigue damage per loading cycle. Uniaxial and pure torsion fatigue experiments for the smooth rod specimens, sharp and blunt notched rod specimens were also conducted. Good agreement was achieved by comparing the predicted fatigue initiation life with the experiment results.
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Kim, Bo Min, Dae Sik Ko, and Jong Min Kim. "Vehicle’s New Anti-Roll System for Suspension Parasitic Stiffness Reduction and Non-Linear Roll Stiffness Characteristic." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-63392.

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In general, vehicle uses torsional stiffness of a stabilizer bar to control the roll motion. But this stabilizer bar system has problems with degradation for ride comfort and vehicle’s NVH characteristic due to the suspension parasitic stiffness caused by deformation and wear of the stabilizer bar rubber bush. In addition, it is difficult to control the vehicle’s roll motion effectively in case of excessive vehicle roll behavior when it is designed to satisfy ride comfort simultaneously because of the stabilizer bar’s linear roll stiffness characteristic. In this paper, the new anti-roll system is suggested which consists of connecting link, push rod, laminated leaf spring, and rotational bearing. This new concept anti-roll system can minimize the suspension parasitic stiffness by using rotational bearing structure and give the vehicle non-linear roll stiffness by using the laminated leaf spring structure which are composed of main spring and auxiliary one. Reduction of suspension parasitic stiffness and realization of non-linear roll stiffness in this anti-roll system were verified with both vehicle dynamic simulation and vehicle test. Also, this study includes improvement of the system operating efficiency through material change and shape optimization of the leaf spring, and optimal configuration of the force transfer system.
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Berlioz, Alain, Johan Der Hagopian, Régis Dufour, and Elyés Draoui. "Dynamic Behavior of a Drillstring: Presentation and Validation of the Experimental Set-Up." In ASME 1993 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1993-0109.

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Abstract As part of a large study on oil drilling vibrations involving, theory, laboratory tests and development of computer code, the present paper focuses on the effects of the tangential solicitations on the lateral behavior of a rod, representative of drillstring. The lateral behavior of the drillstring is governed by time-varying parameter equations. The torsion-lateral and longitudinal-lateral couplings are both experimentally and numerically studied and particular attention is paid to lateral instabilities. The effect of the curvature of the rod, mud, stabilisers and rotation are taken into account.
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Gao, Robert X., Mathew E. Mitchell, and R. Scott Cowan. "Evaluation of Lumbar Spine Stabilization Using Anterior Interbody Fusion Cage." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33013.

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Spinal surgery uses a wide range of instrumentation devices to provide comfort to the patient, stabilize the spine, and enhance the bony healing process after surgery. In order to improve upon the effectiveness of these devices, the interaction between the spine and the implant devices needs to be studied from both medical and engineering perspectives. This paper investigates the effect of an anterior interbody fusion cage on lumbar spine stabilization, by means of numerical analysis using the finite element technique and experimental testing. Specifically, the relative displacement within an intact L4-L5 motion segment has been simulated and measured, under a range of compression, flexion, extension, torsion, and lateral bending loads. Subsequently, the effect of a single anterior lumbar fusion cage implanted into the segment was simulated and experimentally validated, under similar loading conditions. Comparison between the intact and cage-implanted segments indicated varying stabilizing ability of the fusion cage, which is highly dependent upon the cage position and the type of loading.
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Wang, Chun-Chieh, Cheng-Kuo Sung, and Paul C. P. Chao. "Dynamic Analysis of the Optical Disk Drive System Equipped With an Automatic Ball Balancer With Consideration of Torsional Motion." In ASME 2003 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2003/vib-48407.

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This study is dedicated to evaluate the stability of an automatic ball-type balance system (ABS) installed in Optical Disk Drives (ODD). There have been researchers devoted to study the performance of ABS by investigating the dynamics of the system, but few consider the motions in torsional direction of ODD foundation. To solve this problem, a mathematical model including the foundation is established. The method of multiple scales is then utilized to find all possible steady-state solutions and perform related stability analysis. The obtained results are used to predict the level of residual vibrations and then the performance of the ABS can be evaluated. Numerical simulations are conducted to verify the theoretical results. It is obtained from both analytical and numerical results that the spindle speed of the motor ought to be operated above primary translational and secondary torsional resonances to stabilize the desired steady-state solutions for a substantial reduction in radial vibration.
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