Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Torres Strait Islanders Tasmania'
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1
Arthur, William Stewart. "Torres Strait Islanders and autonomy : a borderline case /." View thesis entry in Australian Digital Theses, 2005. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20070612.114556/index.html.
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2
Sharp, Nonie. "Stars of Tagai : the Torres Strait islanders /." Canberra : Aboriginal studies press, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb374246858.
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Th. Ph. D., 1984. Titre de soutenance : Springs of originality among the Torres Strait islanders : after the storm-winds the leafing of the wongai tree.Bibliogr. p. 283-300. Notes bibliogr. Glossaire. Index.
3
Arthur, William Stewart, and William Arthur@anu edu au. "Torres Strait Islanders and Autonomy: a Borderline Case." The Australian National University. Crawford School of Economics and Government, 2006. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20070612.114556.
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During 1996 and 1997 an Australian parliamentary committee conducted an inquiry into greater autonomy for Torres Strait Islanders, but by 2000 the future of the issue seemed unclear. This thesis explores what the notion of autonomy has meant for Torres Strait and for Torres Strait Islanders in the past, and what it might mean in the future. The thesis uses material from the period before European contact to just after the end of the parliamentary inquiry.
¶
Several analytical tools were utilised to explore the concept of autonomy. Major among these to propose and then analyse the relationship between autonomys economic and political components. The thesis also introduces the paired concepts of negative and positive autonomy to provide a counterpoint to ideas of welfare colonialism. Cross cutting these economic and political elements is a consideration of both regional and corporate forms of autonomy. The thesis argues that it is necessary to consider the factors which people can use to legitimise a case for autonomy and these are identified and discussed.
¶
Although previous research and historical material are utilised, unique parts of the thesis include an analysis of: the formal submissions and hearings associated with the parliamentary inquiry; the Torres Straits location between Australia and Papua New Guinea; and the Straits small-island make-up. In this latter regard, comparisons are made with models and examples of autonomy found in small island states and territories in the Pacific.
¶
The findings include that we must consider two groups of Torres Strait Islanders, those in Torres Strait and those on mainland Australia. Whereas those in the Strait have been able to legitimise a case for a form of autonomy those on the mainland have not. Islanders in the Strait have achieved a degree of regional autonomy; those on the mainland are unable to make a case to be part of this regional autonomy, or to achieve a form of corporate autonomy. The status of Islanders in the Strait is influenced by several factors including the Straits location on the border with Papua New Guinea, the associated Treaty with that country, and the nature and the accessibility of the in-shore fishery. A major finding however is that although Islanders have achieved a degree of regional political autonomy, which may be progressed yet further, they have been unable to embrace non-Indigenous people within this. Their present aspiration for regional political autonomy therefore is limited to one that would apply only to Indigenous-specific affairs. This stands in some conflict with their aspiration for regional economic autonomy which would include their control over the entire regional fishery which they presently share with non-Islanders.
¶
Though Islanders have achieved some degree of political autonomy, they depend on substantial government financial transfers to the region. Despite this they have also achieved some economic autonomy, particularly through being involved in the regions fishery. Juxtaposing negative and positive autonomy with political and economic autonomy shows that a dependence on government economic transfers does not preclude gains in political autonomy. This can be contrasted with the notion of welfare colonialism.
4
Rieländer, Klaus. "Fernsehen der australischen Aborigines und Torres Strait Islanders /." Bonn : Holos, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb374501668.
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Hodes, Jeremy. "Torres Strait Islander migration to Cairns before World War II." [S.l. : s.n.], 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/44839600.html.
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Thesis (Master of Letters)--Central Queensland University, 1998."A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Letters in History. Central Queensland University." Cover title.
6
Pitt, George Henry. "The Indigenous history and colonial politics of Torres Strait: contesting culture and resources from 1867 to 1990." Thesis, Curtin University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1165.
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The aim of my study is to comprehend why there is a significant gap in the economic development of Torres Strait. It questions why it is that Torres Strait Islanders as a whole remain largely economically unproductive in their present situation in contrast to the political beliefs of Islanders and their struggles for self-determination. It questions why Island leaders continue to accept policies of external control even though the guidelines for self development maintain the situation, rather than transforming it. Thus this thesis examines contemporary and traditional history of the Torres Strait in order to analyse and evaluate the development of the political structures of the Islands and how colonialism has influenced the politics of Torres Strait Islanders. I shift through the recorded layers of myths and legends for my interpretation and analyse the ethnographic accounts about Torres Strait from past archival reports, academic literature and the oral accounts from interviews. From the local media, I have examined the recent views of both the contented and discontented Islanders and other people reported in the local Torres News. From these records, I bring into perspective the historical processes of a capitalist economic system which has so deeply penetrated Islander culture.Commencing in the 1860s, at the onset of the Torres Strait beche-de-mer and pearl shell industry, the system has so failed Torres Strait Islanders' social development that it moved Islander leaders in the 1980s to push for cessation from Australia and, in the mid 1900s to seek "autonomy and self government" to remain within the Australian political system. In this thesis, I use this evidence to bring into perspective the concept of development with awareness to the colonial history of Torres Strait in comparison with oral history interpreted as the culture of my people. The theme my thesis implicates the contestation between Torres Strait Islanders and governments who impose administrative policies through the Islander system of political representation (regarding Islander culture and resources).
7
Norman, Karma C. "Grasping Adubad : Badulgal management, tenure, knowledge and harvest within the marine environment of the Torres Strait /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6547.
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Nakata, Martin N. "The cultural interface: an exploration of the intersection of Western knowledge systems and Torres Strait Islanders positions and experiences." Thesis, Online version, 1997. https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/11908/11/JCU_11908_Nakata_1997_thesis.pdf.
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This thesis is a study of the intersection of Western knowledge systems and Islander positions and experiences as they are inscribed in the literature on Torres Strait Islanders. By exploring and charting processes in the production of knowledges on Torres Strait Islanders over the last Century, this thesis has sought to understand what conditions the possibilities for Islanders in a Western order of things and to learn about whether historical relations between us, as formed discursively in the literature between Islanders and non-Islanders, constrain educational possibilities for Islanders.
9
Nakata, Martin N. "The cultural interface : an exploration of the intersection of Western knowledge systems and Torres Strait Islanders positions and experiences /." Online version, 1997. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/22615.
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Grootjans, John. "Both ways and beyond : in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health worker education /." View thesis, 1999. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030725.103057/index.html.
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Pitt, George Henry. "The Indigenous history and colonial politics of Torres Strait: contesting culture and resources from 1867 to 1990." Curtin University of Technology, Dept. of Social Sciences, Division of Humanities, 2005. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18528.
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The aim of my study is to comprehend why there is a significant gap in the economic development of Torres Strait. It questions why it is that Torres Strait Islanders as a whole remain largely economically unproductive in their present situation in contrast to the political beliefs of Islanders and their struggles for self-determination. It questions why Island leaders continue to accept policies of external control even though the guidelines for self development maintain the situation, rather than transforming it. Thus this thesis examines contemporary and traditional history of the Torres Strait in order to analyse and evaluate the development of the political structures of the Islands and how colonialism has influenced the politics of Torres Strait Islanders. I shift through the recorded layers of myths and legends for my interpretation and analyse the ethnographic accounts about Torres Strait from past archival reports, academic literature and the oral accounts from interviews. From the local media, I have examined the recent views of both the contented and discontented Islanders and other people reported in the local Torres News. From these records, I bring into perspective the historical processes of a capitalist economic system which has so deeply penetrated Islander culture.Commencing in the 1860s, at the onset of the Torres Strait beche-de-mer and pearl shell industry, the system has so failed Torres Strait Islanders' social development that it moved Islander leaders in the 1980s to push for cessation from Australia and, in the mid 1900s to seek "autonomy and self government" to remain within the Australian political system. In this thesis, I use this evidence to bring into perspective the concept of development with awareness to the colonial history of Torres Strait in comparison with oral history interpreted as the culture of my people. The theme my thesis implicates the contestation between Torres Strait Islanders and governments who impose administrative policies through the Islander system of political representation (regarding Islander culture and resources).
12
Ewing, Bronwyn. "Recognising Torres Strait Islander Women’s Knowledges in their Children’s Mathematics Education." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-79697.
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This paper discusses women’s involvement in their children’s mathematics education. It does, where possible, focus Torres Strait Islander women who share the aspirations of Aborginal communities around Australia. That is, they are keen for their children to receive an education that provides them with opportunities for their present and future lives. They are also keen to have their cultures’ child learning practices recognised and respected within mainstream education. This recognition has some way to go with the language of instruction in schools written to English conventions, decontextualised and disconnected to the students’ culture, Community and home language.
13
Aldrich, Rosemary Public Health & Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "Flesh-coloured bandaids: politics, discourse, policy and the health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples 1972-2001." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Public Health and Community Medicine, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/27276.
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This thesis concerns the relationship between ideology, values, beliefs, politics, language, discourses, public policy and health outcomes. By examining the origins of federal health policy concerning Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples 1972-2001 I have explored the idea that the way a problem is constructed through language determines solutions enacted to solve that problem, and subsequent outcomes. Despite three decades of federal policy activity Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children born at the start of the 21st Century could expect to live almost 20 years less than non-Indigenous Australians. Explanations for the gap include that the colonial legacy of dispossession and disease continues to wreak social havoc and that both health policy and structures for health services have been fundamentally flawed. The research described in this thesis focuses on the role of senior Federal politicians in the health policy process. The research is grounded in theory which suggests that the values and beliefs of decision makers are perpetuated through language. Using critical discourse analysis the following hypotheses were tested: 1. That an examination of the language of Federal politicians responsible for the health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples over three decades would reveal their beliefs, values and discourses concerning Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples and their health 2. That the discourses of the Federal politicians contributed to policy discourses and frames in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health policy environment, and 3. That there is a relationship between the policy discourses of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health policy environment and health outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples. The hypotheses were proven. I concluded that there was a relationship between the publicly-expressed values and beliefs of politicians responsible for health, subsequent health policy and resulting health outcomes. However, a model in which theories of discourse, social constructions of people and problems, policy development and organisational decision-making were integrated did not adequately explain the findings. I developed the concept of "policy imagination" to explain the discrete mechanism by which ideology, politics, policy and health were related. My research suggests that the ideology and values which drove decision-making by Federal politicians responsible for the health of all Australians contributed to the lack of population-wide improvement in health outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples in the late 20th Century.
14
Hall, Robert Anthony. "The relationship between Aborigines, Islanders and armed forces in the Second World War." Phd thesis, University of New South Wales, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/267261.
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Burridge, Nina. "The implementation of the policy of Reconciliation in NSW schools." Phd thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/25954.
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"November 2003".Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Australian Centre for Educational Studies, School of Education, 2004.
Bibliography: leaves 243-267.
Introduction -- Literature review -- Meanings and perspectives of Reconciliation in the Australian socio-political context -- An explanation of the research method -- Meanings of Reconciliation in the school context -- Survey results -- The role of education in the Reconciliation process -- Obstacles and barriers to Reconciliation -- Teaching for Reconciliation: best practice in teaching resources -- Conclusion.
The research detailed in this thesis investigated how schools in NSW responded to the social and political project of Reconciliation at the end of the 1990s. -- The research used a multi-method research approach which included a survey instrument, focus group interviews and key informants interviews with Aboriginal and non Aboriginal teachers, elders and educators, to gather qualitative as well as quantitative data. Differing research methodologies, including Indigenous research paradigms, are presented and discussed within the context of this research. From the initial research questions a number of sub-questions emerged which included: -The exploration of meanings and perspectives of Reconciliation evident in both the school and wider communities contexts and the extent to which these meanings and perspectives were transposed from the community to the school sector. -The perceived level of support for Reconciliation in school communities and what factors impacted on this level of support. -Responses of school communities to Reconciliation in terms of school programs and teaching strategies including factors which enhanced the teaching of Reconciliation issues in the classroom and factors which acted as barriers. -- Firstly in order to provide the context for the research study, the thesis provides a brief historical overview of the creation of the Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation. It then builds a framework through which the discourses of Reconciliation are presented and deconstructed. These various meanings and perspectives of Reconciliation are placed within a linear spectrum of typologies, from 'hard', 'genuine' or 'substantive' Reconciliation advocated by the Left, comprising a strong social justice agenda, first nation rights and compensation for past injustices, to the assimiliationist typologies desired by members of the Right which suggest that Reconciliation is best achieved through the total integration of Aboriginal people into the mainstream community, with Aboriginal people accepting the reality of their dispossession. -- In between these two extremes lie degrees of interpretations of what constitutes Reconciliation, including John Howard's current Federal Government interpretation of 'practical' Reconciliation. In this context "Left" and "Right" are defined less by political ideological lines of the Labor and Liberal parties than by attitudes to human rights and social justice. Secondly, and within the socio-political context presented above, the thesis reports on research conducted with Indigenous and non Indigenous educators, students and elders in the context of the NSW school system to decipher meanings and perspectives on Reconciliation as reflected in that sector. It then makes comparisons with research conducted on behalf of the Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation during the 1990s on attitudes to Reconciliation in the community. Perceived differences are analysed and discussed.
The research further explores how schools approached the teaching of Reconciliation through a series of survey questions designed to document the types of activities undertaken by the schools with Reconciliation as the main aim. -- Research findings indicated that while both the community at large and the education community are overwhelmingly supportive of Reconciliation, both as a concept and as a government policy, when questioned further as to the depth and details of this commitment to Reconciliation and the extent to which they may be supportive of the 'hard' issues of Reconciliation, their views and level of support were more wide ranging and deflective. -- Findings indicated that, in general, educators have a more multi-layered understanding of the issues related to Reconciliation than the general community, and a proportion of them do articulate more clearly those harder, more controversial aspects of the Reconciliation process (eg just compensation, land and sea rights, customary laws). However, they are in the main, unsure of its meaning beyond the 'soft' symbolic acts and gatherings which occur in schools. In the late 1990s, when Reconciliation was at the forefront of the national agenda, research findings indicate that while schools were organising cultural and curriculum activities in their teaching of Indigenous history or Aboriginal studies - they did not specifically focus on Reconciliation in their teaching programs as an issue in the community. Teachers did not have a clearly defined view of what Reconciliation entailed and schools were not teaching about Reconciliation directly within their curriculum programs. -- The research also sought to identify facotrs which acted as enhancers of a Reconciliation program in schools and factors which were seen as barriers. Research findings clearly pointed to community and parental attitudes as important barriers with time and an overcrowded curriculum as further barriers to the implementation of teaching programs. Factors which promoted Reconciliation in schools often related to human agency and human relationships such as supportive executive leadership, the work of committed teachers and a responsive staff and community.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
xvi, 286 leaves ill
16
Ewing, Bronwyn. "Meeting under the "Omei" Tree in the Torres Strait Islands: Networks and Funds of Knowledge of Mathematical Ideas." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-82480.
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Taffe, Sue (Sue Elizabeth) 1945. "The Federal Council for the Advancement of Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders : the politics of inter-racial coalition in Australia, 1958-1973." Monash University, School of Historical Studies, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8964.
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Nicholls, Ruth M. "Ethics of trust and resistance participation in indigenous research /." View abstract, 2009. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/46639.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Western Sydney, 2009.A thesis presented to the University of Western Sydney, College of Arts, Social Justice and Social Change Research Centre, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliographies.
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Cannon, Jonathan. "Reading between the crimes: Online media’s representation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people’s interaction with the criminal justice system in post-apology Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2018. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2140.
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Australian research confirms that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people experience high levels of social inequality, racism and injustice. Evidence of discrimination and inequality is most obvious within the criminal justice system where they are seriously over-represented. The Australian news media plays a large part in reinforcing Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander inequality, stereotypes and racist ideology within specific situations such as the Northern Territory Emergency Response and the Redfern riots. This study widens the scope from how the media reports a single criminal justice event to how the media reports Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people’s interaction with the criminal justice system. The study relies on Norman Fairclough’s (2003) theory of critical discourse analysis to analyse critically 25 Australian online news media articles featuring Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Specifically, the study applies Fairclough’s (2003) three assumptive categories (existential, propositional and value). It identifies discourse reinforcing dominance and inequality within those media articles and reveals two major findings. The first significant finding is the unwillingness of any article to challenge or question the power structures that reinforce or lead to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander inequality. The second major finding involves three ideologies within the text communicating racism and inequality: neo-colonial, neo-liberal assimilation and paternalistic ideologies. The concern is that although the twenty-five news media articles appear neutral, the critical analysis reveals racist ideologies being communicated and an unwillingness to challenge the power structures that create these. This position suggests that racism is not just a problem of a bygone era—it is a contemporary issue continuing at a deeper level nestled in the underlying assumptions and ideologies found within news media discourse. These findings would bring awareness to the media’s discursive practices and generate further discussion and research to address the discursive structures responsible for perpetuating the systemic harm to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.
20
Oxenford, Alison. "Visual profile of aboriginal & Torres strait islander school children in urban Queensland and their associated vision and reading problems." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2000. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36752/1/36752_Digitised%20Thesis.pdf.
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The reading and school performance of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (A & TSI) children has been reported to be poorer than that of the wider community. The known association between reading and vision formed the basis of the principal hypothesis tested in this thesis that the poor reading performance of these children has a visual basis. Two experiments made up the main study which examined the visual characteristics and reading performance of children attending two different urban schools; the Holy Rosary school, which catered for children from many ("mixed") cultural backgrounds and the St Francis school, whose students were predominantly of A & TSI culture.
In experiment I, the visual characteristics of 41 A & TSI children (13 from the Holy Rosary school, 28 from the St Francis school), aged between 8 and 11 years were measured. In general, A & TSI children exhibited low hyperopic refractive errors and other optometric findings were similarly within normal limits. Agematched data for 13 A & TSI children from each of the two schools was also compared. Horizontal eye movement ability and reading comprehension skills were significantly poorer in the A & TSI children attending the "mixed" (Holy Rosary) school, while the perceptual skills of the A & TSI students attending the "A & TSI" (St Francis) school were significantly worse.
The second experiment investigated the vision and reading performance of A & TSI and non-A & TSI children attending the same school. Age-matched data of 13 A & TSI and 13 non-A & TSI students were analysed. While the visual profiles of the A & TSI and non-A & TSI students were not significantly different, the reading accuracy and comprehension scores were significantly worse in the A & TSI children when compared with the non-A & TSI group. The results from both experiments are consistent with previous reports of poor reading performance in A & TSI children but argue against poor vision being the cause of this reduced reading performance.
As an adjunct to this study, the Turtle chart, designed specifically for use with A & TSI children, was evaluated. The vision of 97 students, 60 A & TSI and 37 non-A & TSI students, aged between 6 and 12 years, was measured using both a standard Bailey-Lovie chart and a Turtle chart. The results obtained with the two charts were highly correlated, indicating that the Turtle chart is a culturally appropriate alternative for the measurement of vision in A & TSI children.
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De, Costa Ravindra Noel John. "New relationships, old certainties Australia's reconciliation and treaty-making in British Columbia /." Connect to this title online, 2002. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au/public/adt-VSWT20050627.092937/.
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Latino, Steven. "Social Media Portrayals of Three Extractives Companies’ Funding of Sport for Development in Indigenous Communities in Canada and Australia." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40682.
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The extractives industry (mining, oil, and gas) engages in corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities to reinforce its organizational legitimacy and enhance its public image. One such approach to CSR that is popular in the industry is through funding sport initiatives aimed at Indigenous peoples (often termed Sport for Development; SFD). On the surface, such funding may seem commendable and innocuous; however, questions have been raised about the ways in which such funding may obfuscate the harmful impacts that the extractives industry has had and continues to have on Indigenous peoples and their traditional territories. Through the adoption of a postcolonial theoretical perspective and in conjunction with netnographic methods and discourse analysis, this project involved a consideration of how extractives companies portray their funding of sport programs in Indigenous communities on social media. Given the research focus on Indigenous communities in the countries known as Canada and Australia, between country differences were also examined. Three discourses related to the extractives industry’s funding of SFD in Indigenous communities in Canada and Australia were developed. These discourses included the following: 1) Extractives companies are proud “partners” of Indigenous communities; 2) Extractives companies are committed to helping Indigenous communities in Canada and Australia; and 3) Canadian extractives companies are future focused and past-blind, while Australian extractives companies are advocates for reconciliation. Overall, extractives companies in Canada and Australia were found to use social media to portray themselves as responsible and committed partners of Indigenous communities, while obscuring the ongoing histories of colonialism through discourses of empowerment and development through sport. Suggestions are made regarding ongoing interrogation of the ways in which the extractives industry perpetuates colonialism.
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Robinson, Raymond Stanley. "Dreaming tracks : history of the Aboriginal Islander Skills Development Scheme, 1972-1979 : its place in the continuum of Australian indigenous dance and the contribution of its African American founder, Carole Y. Johnson /." View thesis View thesis, 2000. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030604.085603/index.html.
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Thesis (M.A.) (Honours) -- University of Western Sydney, Nepean, 2000.A thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (Honours) - (Performance), School of Applied Social and Human Sciences, University of Western Sydney, Nepean, 2000. Bibliography : Vol. 1, leaves 202-209.
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Burn, Geoffrey Livingston. "Land and reconciliation in Australia : a theological approach." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/117230.
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This thesis is a work of Christian theology. Its purpose is twofold: firstly to develop an adequate understanding of reconciliation at the level of peoples and nations; and secondly to make a practical contribution to resolving the problems in Australia for the welfare of all the peoples, and of the land itself. The history of the relationships between the Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples in Australia has left many problems, and no matter what the non-Indigenous people try to do, the Indigenous peoples of Australia continue to experience themselves as being in a state of siege. Trying to understand what is happening, and what can be done to resolve the problems for the peoples of Australia and the land, have been the implicit drivers for the theological development in this thesis. This thesis argues that the present generation in any trans-generational dispute is likely to continue to sin in ways that are shaped by the sins of the past, which explains why Indigenous peoples in Australia find themselves in a stage of siege, even when the non-Indigenous peoples are trying to pursue policies which they believe are for the welfare of all. The only way to resolve this is for the peoples of Australia to seek reconciliation. In particular, the non-Indigenous peoples need to repent, both of their own sins, and the sins of their forebears. Reconciliation processes have become part of the international political landscape. However, there are real concerns about the justice of pursuing reconciliation. An important part of the theological development of this thesis is therefore to show that pursuing reconciliation establishes justice. It is shown that the nature of justice, and of repentance, can only be established by pursuing reconciliation. Reconciliation is possible because God has made it possible, and is working in the world to bring reconciliation. Because land is an essential part of Indigenous identity in Australia, the history of land in court cases and legislation in Australia over the past half century forms an important case study in this work. It is shown that, although there was significant repentance within the non-Indigenous legal system in Australia, the degree of repentance available through that legal system is inherently limited, and so a more radical approach is needed in order to seek reconciliation in Australia. A final chapter considers what the non-Indigenous people of Australia need to do in order to repent.
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Arthur, Bill (W S. ). "Torres Strait Islanders and Autonomy: a Borderline Case." Phd thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/45747.
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During 1996 and 1997 an Australian parliamentary committee conducted an inquiry into greater autonomy for Torres Strait Islanders, but by 2000 the future of the issue seemed unclear. This thesis explores what the notion of autonomy has meant for Torres Strait and for Torres Strait Islanders in the past, and what it might mean in the future. The thesis uses material from the period before European contact to just after the end of the parliamentary inquiry. Although previous research and historical material are utilised, unique parts of the thesis include an analysis of: the formal submissions and hearings associated with the parliamentary inquiry; the Torres Strait’s location between Australia and Papua New Guinea; and the Strait’s small-island make-up. In this latter regard, comparisons are made with models and examples of autonomy found in small island states and territories in the Pacific. The findings include that we must consider two groups of Torres Strait Islanders, those in Torres Strait and those on mainland Australia. Whereas those in the Strait have been able to legitimise a case for a form of autonomy those on the mainland have not. Islanders in the Strait have achieved a degree of regional autonomy; those on the mainland are unable to make a case to be part of this regional autonomy, or to achieve a form of corporate autonomy. The status of Islanders in the Strait is influenced by several factors including the Strait’s location on the border with Papua New Guinea, the associated Treaty with that country, and the nature and the accessibility of the in-shore fishery. A major finding however is that although Islanders have achieved a degree of regional political autonomy, which may be progressed yet further, they have been unable to embrace non-Indigenous people within this. Their present aspiration for regional political autonomy therefore is limited to one that would apply only to Indigenous-specific affairs. This stands in some conflict with their aspiration for regional economic autonomy which would include their control over the entire regional fishery which they presently share with non-Islanders.
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Watkin, Lui Felecia. "My island home: a study of identity across different generations of Torres Strait Islanders living outside the Torres Strait." Thesis, 2009. https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/11642/2/02whole.pdf.
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This thesis is a study of identity across different generations of Torres Strait
Islanders living outside the Torres Strait (also referred to as ‘Mainlanders’). The
research aims, firstly, to examine the representation of identity across different
generations of Islanders living outside the Torres Strait; secondly, to analyse critical
aspects of this identity; and, thirdly, to explore new ways of representing ‘Mainland
Islander’ identity in contemporary society.
Since the end of World War Two, the Torres Strait Islander diaspora, located on
the mainland of Australia, has continued to grow to the extent that it now represents just
over 85 percent (40,367 people) of the total Torres Strait Islander population
(Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), 2007). The period immediately following World
War Two marked the beginning of mass internal migration of Torres Strait Islanders to
the Australian mainland. There are many different pathways and passages that Islanders
followed in the journey from the Torres Strait to the mainland. Many Islanders,
including my family, made the journey voluntarily as they looked for work and other
life opportunities. Some Islanders were forcibly removed from their islands; the journey
made under duress with circumstances that paralleled the oppressive conditions they
experienced in the Torres Strait. Other Islanders arrived on the mainland because of
environmental or historical circumstances, such as the evacuations required during the
flooding of Saibai Island in the 1930s and later during World War Two.
Drawing on the theoretical frameworks of both Cultural Studies and Indigenous
Studies, this qualitative study focuses on the narratives of twenty-three participant
Storytellers representing first, second and third generation Torres Strait Islanders
(mainly) living outside the Torres Strait. The research sites included the mainland
Islander communites of Cairns, Townsville, Mackay, Brisbane and Canberra as well as
Badu and Erub Islands in the Torres Strait.
A review of current government legislation and policies pertaining to Islanders
living outside the Torres Strait reveals a form of identity politics that sees
‘Mainlanders’ positioned in binary oppositions and deficit cultural discourses. In
contrast, this research articulates a story of ‘Mainlander’ relatedness, a multilayered and
complex process of identification across generations of Islanders living outside the
Torres Strait. This story of ‘Mainlander’ relatedness represents a composite counternarrative
to claims of cultural and political dissolution and displacement for a
population (increasingly) born and raised outside the Torres Strait. It is articulated
through a strong sense of place identity, relating and connecting across generations, the
shared experiences and memories of belonging to an Island Home. The relational aspect
of place identity, in turn, informs our knowledge of who we are, our connections with
ourselves, each other and our position in the world. This research presents key insights
into the way Islanders negotiate and contest the contemporary ‘Mainlander’ experience
in the everyday through utilisation of multimedia, the arts and technology in the
creation of systems of representation, cultural expression and interconnectivity between
individuals and the collective.
New political approaches must be open to ‘Mainlander’ representations of
identity that are grounded in the connection to Island Homes but, at the same time,
shaped, influenced and negotiated within the context of our experiences, history and
connection to the mainland. We ‘Mainlanders’ are equally responsible for reviewing
our own institutional systems and practices, critiquing the way we are positioned by
others and ourselves in political and social discourses, and understanding how we might
articulate the spaces from which we speak of our lived realities and experiences as
Ailan Pipel (Islander People).
27
Lahn, Julie. "Past visions, present lives: sociality and locality in a Torres Strait community." Thesis, 2003. https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/1128/2/02whole.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores dynamics of sociality and local identity on Warraber Island in the
Torres Strait. I argue that Warraber residents' representation of themselves as a
distinctive collectivity needs to be understood in terms of indigenous conceptions of
relatedness and difference and with reference to local moral terms of communal life, in
particular a valorised striving towards the idealised vision of moral relations known as
gud pasin. This value is informed by a dense network of cognatic connections existing
among Warraber residents – encapsulated in the local discourse of “ol wan pamle” (all
one family), in addition to shared identification as a Christian community.
Warraberans envision the past through ideas of temporal rupture, indexed to the arrival
of Christianity in the region and linked to the positive transformation of Warraber life.
This forms a reference point in local thinking about ancestors. Warraberans depict their
ancestors as both 'natives' and 'foreigners' linked respectively to the pre-Christian period
and the marine industries of the post-missionised colonial era. These temporal
associations, and their implicit moral inscriptions, generate poignant areas of ambiguity
concerning personal ancestry, and also prominent pre-Christian sites and dance
performances thought to be associated with head-taking and sorcery. The image of the
sorcerer is itself contentious, appearing partly as a moral Other, and partly as a source of
local power.
Such dynamics of difference appear as integral to contemporary social life on Warraber.
Differing Christian affiliations, ancestral emphasis and perspectives on the past
certainly contain potential for contestation. Productive activities are markedly gendered
and family networks involve strong personalised loyalties that compete with broader
social obligations. However, the value of gud pasin is shown as ultimately valorising
inclusiveness, generosity and a concern with community harmony. Moreover residence
on Warraber Island emerges as an important context for common experiences that help
distinguish the population as a distinctive, emplaced community within the diversity of
Torres Strait populations.
Intense attachments to Warraber Island are communicated in local notions of 'belonging'
to place. This is characterised by knowledge and familiarity and also by birth and
residence. In this context, the marine realm continues to be a central component within
Warraber collective identification and notions of local distinctiveness. Warraberans
represent themselves both in historical and contemporary terms as incomparable marine
workers, hunters and fishers. Transactions in marine products, whether related to
generating income or for consumption, continue to be a focus of Warraber life and are
inextricably woven into the practice of familial relations, whereby marine resources are
transformed by human activity into a ‘currency’ of relatedness shaped by moral
understandings that inflect the landscape as much as the conduct of sociality.
28
Lahn, Julie. "Past visions, present lives : sociality and community in a Torres Strait community /." 2003. http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/1128.
Full text
29
Ban, Paul Zoltan. "The application of the Queensland Adoption Act 1964-1988 to the traditional adoption practice of Torres Strait Islanders." 1989. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/2361.
Full textAbstract:
The intention of this study is to examine the relevance of applying the Queensland Adoption Act 1964-1988 to the traditional adoption practice of Torres Strait Islanders. The concept of adoption as defined by the Queensland adoption legislation reflects the cultural context of “white Australia” and the intention of the Adoption Act 1964-1988 is to legalise a specific concept of adoption. This study will show that the Queensland Government, through the Department of Family Services, the Department which has the responsibility for implementing adoption legislation, does not make any allowance for differing views of adoption. The accepted definition of adoption is biased toward the dominant white culture in Queensland and the legislation was intended to service the needs of the dominant white culture.
30
Gilligan, Conor. "Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women: an examination of smoking during pregnancy." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/29578.
Full textAbstract:
Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)After decades of discrimination and deprivation, Australia’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population faces social circumstances and health status which resemble that of a third world population group. With a wide range of health risk factors and morbidities among this population, a logical place to begin tackling the health problems is at the beginning of life. With increasing recognition of the influence of the intrauterine environment upon health, not only during infancy but into adulthood, improving health during pregnancy offers substantial benefit for present and future generations. The poor health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians is deeply ingrained in social deprivation, poor mental well-being, and an array of modifiable risk factors. Smoking is one risk factor at the centre of this complex web. Smoking is often accompanied by, or used as relief in, stressful situations associated with socioeconomic status, mental health, illness, and other addictions. In order to determine the most appropriate way to tackle the smoking issue among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women, a series of studies were conducted. Initial literature reviews found limited evidence derived from methodologically rigorous studies in mainstream populations, and even less evidence for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander, or other Indigenous groups. Exploration of the knowledge and attitudes of these women in relation to antenatal smoking was conducted to identify the most appropriate targets for intervention. The findings from extensive background studies were drawn upon to design an intervention which aimed to be culturally appropriate for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women, providing intensive support to assist these women to quit smoking during their pregnancy. Pilot data from the resulting intervention is presented in Chapter 8 of this Thesis. The social network among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities appears to play a central role in the behaviour of individuals. With an array of risk factors and influences found not only in the individuals surrounding women, but in their socioeconomic circumstances and overall environment, it may be that the most important approach for achieving health and behaviour change among this population is the mobilisation of social support and efforts to intervene with multiple elements of that environment.
31
Gilligan, Conor. "Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women: an examination of smoking during pregnancy." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/29578.
Full textAbstract:
Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)After decades of discrimination and deprivation, Australia’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population faces social circumstances and health status which resemble that of a third world population group. With a wide range of health risk factors and morbidities among this population, a logical place to begin tackling the health problems is at the beginning of life. With increasing recognition of the influence of the intrauterine environment upon health, not only during infancy but into adulthood, improving health during pregnancy offers substantial benefit for present and future generations. The poor health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians is deeply ingrained in social deprivation, poor mental well-being, and an array of modifiable risk factors. Smoking is one risk factor at the centre of this complex web. Smoking is often accompanied by, or used as relief in, stressful situations associated with socioeconomic status, mental health, illness, and other addictions. In order to determine the most appropriate way to tackle the smoking issue among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women, a series of studies were conducted. Initial literature reviews found limited evidence derived from methodologically rigorous studies in mainstream populations, and even less evidence for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander, or other Indigenous groups. Exploration of the knowledge and attitudes of these women in relation to antenatal smoking was conducted to identify the most appropriate targets for intervention. The findings from extensive background studies were drawn upon to design an intervention which aimed to be culturally appropriate for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women, providing intensive support to assist these women to quit smoking during their pregnancy. Pilot data from the resulting intervention is presented in Chapter 8 of this Thesis. The social network among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities appears to play a central role in the behaviour of individuals. With an array of risk factors and influences found not only in the individuals surrounding women, but in their socioeconomic circumstances and overall environment, it may be that the most important approach for achieving health and behaviour change among this population is the mobilisation of social support and efforts to intervene with multiple elements of that environment.
32
Taylor, Allan. "Appropriate housing for indigenous people in remote areas the need for a less deterministic approach." 2003. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/25023.
Full textAbstract:
Aboriginal Law and cultures are based on a belief system centred on the 'country' and the creation of its elements. Traditional law provided a firm basis for survival and for the interconnectedness of people, land and their relationship to each other. The communities lived a largely nomadic lifestyle that moved within defined territories, tied together by kinship (tribe, clan, skin group etc), which prescribed the social roles and appropriate behaviours between indivisuals. Relationships were reinforced by systems of obligation between individuals, particularly with regard to provision of goods necessary for survival.thesis (MRegionalUrbanPlanning)--University of South Australia, 2003.
33
Kwan, Donna. "Towards a sustainable indigenous fishery for dugongs in Torres Strait : a contribution of empirical data analysis and process." Thesis, 2002. https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/1376/25/JCU_1376_Kwan_2002_thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Given the globally threatened status of dugongs and the fact that Torres Strait supports the world's largest
dugong population, there is international, national, regional and local interest in ensuring the sustainability
of the Torres Strait traditional dugong fishery. This fishery is endorsed by the Torres Strait Treafy between
Australia and Papua New Guinea (PNG).
This study investigated, within a biological context, the major factors (i.e., those additional to biological)
that determine sustainability of the traditional dugong fishery in Torres Strait.
My thesis had the following specific aims:
(1) To provide information relevant to the development of community-based management for the dugong
fishery in Torres Strait by:
describing and quantifying the major factors that affect hunting pattern, hunting effort, hunting
success and harvest levels in the major dugong hunting community of Mabuiag Island, and
estimating the life history parameters of Torres Strait dugongs at the time of my study, and (i)
comparing them with parameters obtained from parallel studies of dugong life history and
reproductive biology in order to gain insights into the factors influencing these aspects of dugong
ecology, and (ii) incorporating them into population models to predict the natural rate of change
in the size of the population in the absence of hunting mortality.
(2) To assist in the development of community-based management in Torres Strait through contributing to
capacity building by actively involving Torres Strait Islanders in my research and training them in the
collection of catch statistics and biological samples from dugongs.
The fieldwork for this project was undertaken primarily at Mabuiag Island between September 1997 and
November 1999 inclusive. All data and specimens from 127 female and 51 male dugongs were collected
from animals butchered for food by Torres Strait Islander hunters.
Being able to live and work within the Mabuiag Island community provided me with the rare opportunity to
develop a relationship with Islanders built upon the mutual trust, co-operation and commitment. Involving
Islanders as active participants in my research allowed me to collect the valuable specimens on which my
information is based. The active involvement of hunters and community members enhanced their
development of a sound understanding of and trust in the information I obtained. By training Torres Strait Islanders as research assistants, 1 also increased the capacity of the community to actively participate in
future research, monitoring and management programs for dugongs.
This study provided the opportunity to identify the main factors which impact catch rates of dugongs by
Islanders. Only four to five hunters were responsible for 79% and 75% of the 145 and 170 dugongs taken
at Mabuiag lsland during March to October in 1998 and 1999, respectively. The magnitude of the dugong
catch was influenced by ecological, economic environmental and social factors that affected the temporal
and spatial nature of hunting effort and hunting success.
When my results were compared with those of other studies using similar techniques, I showed that the
age and size at sexual maturity and first reproduction, pregnancy rates of female dugongs and the sex
ratio of their young exhibit considerable variability in both space and time. The age and size at sexual
maturity and first reproduction of male dugongs exhibit similar variability. At Mabuiag lsland in 1997-99,
female dugongs reached sexual maturity between six or seven and fourteen years and at body lengths of
between 2.05 and 2.58 m. Male dugongs reached sexual maturity between four and thirteen years and at
body lengths between 1.90 and 2.57 m. Calving intervals of adult female dugongs from Mabuiag lsland in
1998-99 ranged between 2.4 f s.e. 0.3 to 3.3 f s.e. 0.5 years. The parameters from Mabuiag lsland in
1997-98 are thus the lowest recorded for dugongs. At Mabuiag lsland in 1997-98, almost all sexually
mature nulliparous females were either pregnant andlor lactating and the sex ratio of foetuses was 1:3 in
favour of males.
Variability in life history parameters such as age at sexual maturity and first reproduction, pregnancy rates
and calving intervals in dugongs is likely to result from spatial and temporal variation in seagrass
community composition and biomass. Thus, food quality and availability influence dugong population
dynamics. When their seagrass food disappears as a result of episodic disturbance, some dugongs
suspend breeding. It is likely that the effects of food supply on life history parameters and hence fecundity
in dugongs includes both density dependent and density independent components. The gaps in the age
composition of the catch from Mabuiag in 1997-99 together with the low pregnancy rates of animals
caught in the Daru market at that time suggest that a seagrass dieback in Torres Strait in the late 1970s
had significant effects on dugong recruitment. These links between seagrass food availability and dugong
life history parameters have very important implications for management given the dugong's susceptibility
to large-scale episodic losses of seagrass.
Several findings in this study highlight that a regional approach to management will be required because
the potential for episodic or longer-tern over-harvesting can be exacerbated in the event of a combination
of: low dugong fecundity as a result of extensive seagrass dieback events such as that reported in the 1970s; movements of dugongs close to hunting communities to feed on intertidal seagrass in response to
dieback of deepwater communities exacerbating high hunting pressure; increase in hunting pressure in
response to reduction in important sources of income such as the cray fishery.
Management coordinated at a regional scale must include the Northern Peninsula Area of Cape York and
PNG. Management will need to build on established processes which incorporate Ailan Kast'om (the
customary way of life of Torres Strait Islanders) and institutional structures in the Torres Strait region
which include the: Torres Sfraif Treafy, Torres Sfraif Fisheries Acf (1984), Native Title and regional
Islander initiatives such as MaSTERS (Marine Strategy for Torres Strait).
A community-based management approach, which builds on the research processes, and the empirical
information obtained in this study, has considerable potential to ensure that the Torres Strait dugong
fishery is sustainable. The challenge now is to build on information and trust generated by this project by
enabling Islanders to use these results to develop and implement appropriate management plans for their
dugong resources.
34
Kwan, Donna. "Towards a sustainable indigenous fishery for dugongs in Torres Strait : a contribution of empirical data analysis and process." 2002. http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/1376/1/01front.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Given the globally threatened status of dugongs and the fact that Torres Strait supports the world's largest
dugong population, there is international, national, regional and local interest in ensuring the sustainability
of the Torres Strait traditional dugong fishery. This fishery is endorsed by the Torres Strait Treafy between
Australia and Papua New Guinea (PNG).
This study investigated, within a biological context, the major factors (i.e., those additional to biological)
that determine sustainability of the traditional dugong fishery in Torres Strait.
My thesis had the following specific aims:
(1) To provide information relevant to the development of community-based management for the dugong
fishery in Torres Strait by:
describing and quantifying the major factors that affect hunting pattern, hunting effort, hunting
success and harvest levels in the major dugong hunting community of Mabuiag Island, and
estimating the life history parameters of Torres Strait dugongs at the time of my study, and (i)
comparing them with parameters obtained from parallel studies of dugong life history and
reproductive biology in order to gain insights into the factors influencing these aspects of dugong
ecology, and (ii) incorporating them into population models to predict the natural rate of change
in the size of the population in the absence of hunting mortality.
(2) To assist in the development of community-based management in Torres Strait through contributing to
capacity building by actively involving Torres Strait Islanders in my research and training them in the
collection of catch statistics and biological samples from dugongs.
The fieldwork for this project was undertaken primarily at Mabuiag Island between September 1997 and
November 1999 inclusive. All data and specimens from 127 female and 51 male dugongs were collected
from animals butchered for food by Torres Strait Islander hunters.
Being able to live and work within the Mabuiag Island community provided me with the rare opportunity to
develop a relationship with Islanders built upon the mutual trust, co-operation and commitment. Involving
Islanders as active participants in my research allowed me to collect the valuable specimens on which my
information is based. The active involvement of hunters and community members enhanced their
development of a sound understanding of and trust in the information I obtained. By training Torres Strait Islanders as research assistants, 1 also increased the capacity of the community to actively participate in
future research, monitoring and management programs for dugongs.
This study provided the opportunity to identify the main factors which impact catch rates of dugongs by
Islanders. Only four to five hunters were responsible for 79% and 75% of the 145 and 170 dugongs taken
at Mabuiag lsland during March to October in 1998 and 1999, respectively. The magnitude of the dugong
catch was influenced by ecological, economic environmental and social factors that affected the temporal
and spatial nature of hunting effort and hunting success.
When my results were compared with those of other studies using similar techniques, I showed that the
age and size at sexual maturity and first reproduction, pregnancy rates of female dugongs and the sex
ratio of their young exhibit considerable variability in both space and time. The age and size at sexual
maturity and first reproduction of male dugongs exhibit similar variability. At Mabuiag lsland in 1997-99,
female dugongs reached sexual maturity between six or seven and fourteen years and at body lengths of
between 2.05 and 2.58 m. Male dugongs reached sexual maturity between four and thirteen years and at
body lengths between 1.90 and 2.57 m. Calving intervals of adult female dugongs from Mabuiag lsland in
1998-99 ranged between 2.4 f s.e. 0.3 to 3.3 f s.e. 0.5 years. The parameters from Mabuiag lsland in
1997-98 are thus the lowest recorded for dugongs. At Mabuiag lsland in 1997-98, almost all sexually
mature nulliparous females were either pregnant andlor lactating and the sex ratio of foetuses was 1:3 in
favour of males.
Variability in life history parameters such as age at sexual maturity and first reproduction, pregnancy rates
and calving intervals in dugongs is likely to result from spatial and temporal variation in seagrass
community composition and biomass. Thus, food quality and availability influence dugong population
dynamics. When their seagrass food disappears as a result of episodic disturbance, some dugongs
suspend breeding. It is likely that the effects of food supply on life history parameters and hence fecundity
in dugongs includes both density dependent and density independent components. The gaps in the age
composition of the catch from Mabuiag in 1997-99 together with the low pregnancy rates of animals
caught in the Daru market at that time suggest that a seagrass dieback in Torres Strait in the late 1970s
had significant effects on dugong recruitment. These links between seagrass food availability and dugong
life history parameters have very important implications for management given the dugong's susceptibility
to large-scale episodic losses of seagrass.
Several findings in this study highlight that a regional approach to management will be required because
the potential for episodic or longer-tern over-harvesting can be exacerbated in the event of a combination
of: low dugong fecundity as a result of extensive seagrass dieback events such as that reported in the 1970s; movements of dugongs close to hunting communities to feed on intertidal seagrass in response to
dieback of deepwater communities exacerbating high hunting pressure; increase in hunting pressure in
response to reduction in important sources of income such as the cray fishery.
Management coordinated at a regional scale must include the Northern Peninsula Area of Cape York and
PNG. Management will need to build on established processes which incorporate Ailan Kast'om (the
customary way of life of Torres Strait Islanders) and institutional structures in the Torres Strait region
which include the: Torres Sfraif Treafy, Torres Sfraif Fisheries Acf (1984), Native Title and regional
Islander initiatives such as MaSTERS (Marine Strategy for Torres Strait).
A community-based management approach, which builds on the research processes, and the empirical
information obtained in this study, has considerable potential to ensure that the Torres Strait dugong
fishery is sustainable. The challenge now is to build on information and trust generated by this project by
enabling Islanders to use these results to develop and implement appropriate management plans for their
dugong resources.
35
Schug, Donald M. "The marine realm and a sense of place among the Papua New Guinean communities of the Torres Strait." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9818.
Full text
36
Mosby, Vinnitta Patricia. "Torres Strait Islanders' experiences of contemporary out-movement: a grounded theory of 'Living in Two Worlds'." Thesis, 2015. https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/42367/1/42367-mosby-2015-thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Out-movement of Torres Strait Islanders from their homelands to the Australian mainland has increased as people have sought opportunities and services unavailable locally. This movement is part of a wider problem faced by Islanders in different locations who have migrated in response to a range of pressures including poverty and inequalities, political reforms, obligation and expectation, environmental pressures, and personal freedom. As Torres Strait Islander migration is internal, this predicament tends to go unnoticed and the experience is absent from social work literature.
This study explored the experiences of Torres Strait Islander contemporary out-movement. Decolonizing methodologies helped frame and guide this study. A Constructivist approach helped in co-constructing meaning, while Indigenous Research Principles determined how I went about the study, as I was both insider and outsider to the research focus and location. I am a Torres Strait Islander woman, a contemporary mover, and a social worker.
The study employed a mixed method approach consisting of two phases: virtual remote surveying of Island communities, and grounded theorizing from semi-structured interviews. Unobtrusive telephone surveying was used in phase one to collect data on the nature and scale of out-movement from key informants, and descriptive statistics and graphical displays were used to inform Island communities. Quota, purposive and theoretical sampling methods were used in phase two to recruit participants who had moved between 2001 and 2011 and who were residing in Cairns. Grounded theorizing from experiences of out-movement and resettlement involved a process of opening coding, concept building, focused coding and finding the core construct through an analysis metaphor of zeuber (the wave) and a meaning making metaphor of migrating birds. First person accounts woven into the grounded theory were used to present the experiences of moving.
Phase one findings indicated that motivations to move were similar to those described in other migration literature, but with the addition of medical movers. The core construct from phase two findings was 'living in two worlds' and comprised seven experiences: like a new adventure, living with uncertainty, feeling out of place, getting back on your feet, finding the right spot, managing obligations, and growing from here up. Four dimensions of sense-making: belonging, security, purpose and hope - and four specific strategies: setting boundaries, making adjustments, taking responsibility, and keeping close – helped to articulate the process of 'managing the crossings' between the two worlds of 'island life' and 'mainstream'.
In addition to Berry's (1997) process of acculturation and four outcomes: assimilation, separation, integration and marginalization, the experience of out-movement, of 'living in two worlds', was found to be an ongoing and complex process of adjustment that required 'managing the crossings' daily and sometimes many times a day. These finding might be transferable to other internal, and possibly international, movements; and have implications for developing policies and practices to support future resettlement arising from climatic and economic imperatives.
37
Doolah, John. "Decolonising the migration and urbanisation of Torres Strait Islanders (Ailan pipel) from the Torres Straits to mainland Australia between the 1960s and 1970s." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1310016.
Full textAbstract:
Masters Research - Master of Philosophy (MPhil)The migration of the Ailan pipel (Island people) from the Torres Straits to mainland Australia presents specific challenges to contemporary Indigenous cultural practices and the unique Ailan Kastom (Island Custom). Factors relating to the nature of indigenous migration will be discussed because of the indigenous context of the Ailan (Island) migration account. The indigenous storytelling account and secondary sources re-interpretation and re-analysis will provide a valuable insight of the Ailan Kastom (Island custom) and Kole (white man) economic migration reasons from the Ailan cultural practices in the pre-and post-invasion period right to the present, covering topics of Ailan sharing and socio-cultural relationships, urbanisation and self-determination in tertiary education. The thesis will emphasis, highlight and elaborate on the reasons for the Ailan migration from an indigenous decolonising viewpoint with the application of the indigenous research methodologies in adherence to indigenous research protocols. Historical analysis provides an overview of the affect and progress of colonisation and the shift of Ailan and Kaurareg Aboriginal communities from their homeland (countries). This research is focused on the migration and urbanisation within the 1960s and 1970s timeframe by critically discussing specific events of Ailan (Island) and Kaurareg Aboriginal people in the Torres Strait regions of Australia and in the Australian mainland urban setting.
38
Davis, Richard. "Epochal bodies and gendered time : engagement and transformation in Saibaian (Torres Strait) masculinity." Phd thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/147410.
Full text
39
Bryson, Ian. "Bringing to light : a history of the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Film Unit." Master's thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/144491.
Full text
40
Fukofuka, Peni. "The practice of accountability, accounting and everyday resistance." Phd thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/212011.
Full textAbstract:
My aim in this thesis is to investigate the practice of accountability and accounting in Australian Indigenous corporations. Furthermore, I investigate resistance to control, an issue that is inseparable from accountability and accounting practices. My focus on practice is primarily motivated by one of the most important arguments in some of the essays compiled by Ahrens et al. (2009) in honor of Anthony Hopwood. In a nutshell, the argument is that there is much to unearth about accountability and accounting if efforts are given to reinvigorate current conceptualization of the social context within which accountability and accounting operates. Accordingly, my focus on practice bolsters the current notion of social context and thereby revealing novel insights into accountability, accounting and resistance. The social context is often conceptualized in the literature as specific organizational locales. To enhance that conceptualization, I consider the social context as multifaceted spaces that include the organization but are also beyond the organization. What this means is that accountability and accounting is not only practiced within organizations, they are also simultaneously practiced in the various spaces where the organization is nested. Furthermore, these various other spaces have spatial norms which are expected to influence how accountability and accounting are practiced. Individuals who are involved in accountability and accounting practice are an integral component of the social context and the literature oversimplifies the nature of these individuals by predominantly considering them as organizational members. To enrich the current notion of individuals, I conceptualize them as not only organizational members but as individuals who have memberships in other spaces and who embody the spatial norms of these other spaces. By enriching the social context, I found out how accountability and accounting practice are not only influenced by organizational norms but also by the norms of the society within which the organization is nested. That finding sheds light on accountability issues such as the question of "To whom is one accountable to?", the processes involved in managing multiple accountability relationships and the practical means by which accountability is achieved through accountability mechanisms. By conceptualizing individuals as beings who have memberships in spaces beyond the organization, I found that an individual's accounting work is colored by the norms of these extra-organizational spaces that he/she embodies. The reinvigorating of the social context also enhances understanding of resistance to control. Specifically, the realization that the social context is made up of various spaces gives individuals the means with which to enact resistance in a manner that is not seen as resistance but nevertheless effective. I mobilize Bourdieu's (1977; 1990b) theory of practice, especially his concepts of field, habitus and capital to make sense of the practice of accountability, accounting and enactment of resistance. I also implemented a qualitative field study design. I collected data mostly from Fairwind an Indigenous corporation in a very remote Australian community. To collect data, I did interviews, participant observations, conversations and document reviews.
41
Espinosa, Abascal Trinidad. "Australian Indigenous Tourism: why the low participation rate from domestic tourists?" Thesis, 2014. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/25795/.
Full textAbstract:
Tourism is often promoted as a development tool for Indigenous communities. However, Tourism Research Australia shows that domestic demand for Australian Indigenous tourism products, in comparison to four other types of mainstream tourism, is quite low. To explore why domestic visitors are less engaged in Indigenous tourism than other tourism types, this study adopts a mixed-methods case study approach. Semi-structured interviews using sorting-ranking photo-based procedures were conducted with 52 domestic visitors at Halls Gap, within the Grampians National Park, Victoria, Australia.
The findings suggest that domestic visitors‟ preferences for Indigenous tourism activities are inconsistently distributed. While many domestic visitors are willing to visit the rock-art sites, they are less interested in experiencing the cultural centre. Despite these differences in preferences, the motivations for engaging in both activities are similar. These motivations are: Learning, connection with history/land, appreciation, learning opportunities for children, explore/discovery, understanding, physical challenge/adventure, and reflection. However, domestic visitors at the destination under investigation are more willing to experience rock-art sites, as they perceive it to be an activity that is more connected with history/land, that involves physical activity and that feels more authentic. Two types of barriers –internal and external- when engaging in these activities are identified. The internal barriers are: Lack of interest, prefer other activities, saturation, and limited time available. The external barriers identified are: Inauthentic/passive, not being in the target audience, lack of awareness, boring, and indoor activity (mentioned as a barrier to participating in the cultural centre).
This study proposes that Australian Indigenous tourism strategies look beyond the creation of Indigenous tourism products such as cultural centres, and consider focussing on those areas that can have a more significant impact upon the domestic tourism participation rate in Indigenous tourism. This focus includes marketing strategies directed to the domestic target market, training, and further developing points of differentiation between Indigenous cultures in Australia.
42
Fowkes, Lisa. "Settler-state ambitions and bureaucratic ritual at the frontiers of the labour market: Indigenous Australians and remote employment services 2011–2017." Phd thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/160842.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores how policy is enacted – in this case, the
Australian Government’s labour market program for remote
unemployed people, initially known as the Remote Jobs and
Communities Program (RJCP) and then the Community Development
Programme (CDP). It outlines the development and delivery of the
program from 2011, when the then Labor Government identified the
need for a specific remote employment program, placing the
employment participation of remote Indigenous people (who made up
over 80% of the remote unemployed) at centre stage. It examines
the changes that occurred to the program following the 2013
election of a Coalition Government, including the introduction of
‘continuous’ Work for the Dole.
The focus of the thesis is on how patterns of practice have
emerged in these programs, in particular: how providers have
responded; how frontline workers navigate their roles; and how
‘Work for the Dole’ actually operates. What emerges is a gulf
between bureaucratic and political ambitions for these programs
and the ways in which participants and frontline workers view and
enact them. This is more than a problem of poor implementation or
the subversions of street-level bureaucrats and clients. There is
evidence of a more fundamental failure of technologies of
settler-state government as they are applied to remote Indigenous
peoples. On the remote, intercultural frontiers of the labour
market, the limits of centralised attempts at ‘reform’ become
clear. Practices intended to tutor Indigenous people in the ways
of the labour market are emptied of meaning. The Indigenous
people who are the targets of governing efforts fail to conform
with desired behaviours of ‘self-governing’ citizens, even in
the face of escalating penalties. As a result, government
ambitions to transform the behaviours and subjectivities of
Indigenous people are reduced to bureaucratic rituals,
represented in numbers and graphs on computer screens in
Canberra.