Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Toronton'
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Smith, William Leon. "Torontos : representations of Toronto in contemporary Canadian literature." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2012. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14507/.
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This thesis examines how representations of Toronto in contemporary Canadian literature engage with place and further an understanding of spatial innovation in literature. Acknowledging the Canadian critical tradition of discussing place and space, the thesis moves the focus away from conventional engagements with wilderness motifs and small town narratives. In this way the thesis can be seen to respond to the nascent critical movement that urges engagement with contemporary urban spaces in Canadian literature. Responding to the critical neglect of urban representation, and more particularly, representations of Toronto in Canadian literary criticism, this thesis examines Toronto as a complex and contradictory site of symbolic power across critical, political and popular discourses. Furthermore, this thesis repositions an understanding of Toronto by paying attention to literary texts which depict the city's negotiation of national, local and global forces. The thesis seeks to understand the multiplicity of the city in lived, perceived and conceived forms - seeing Toronto as Torontos. Questioning existing frameworks deployed in Canadian literary criticism, the thesis develops a unique methodology with which to approach the complex issues involved in literary writing about place, drawing on contemporary Canadian criticism and transnational approaches to critical literary geography. The central chapters focus on four texts from the twenty-first century, three novels and one collection of poetry, approaching each text with a critically informed spatial lens in order to draw out how engagements with Toronto develop spatial innovation within literature. The thesis analyses how engaging with Toronto challenges writers to experiment with literary form. In turn the thesis seeks to elucidate the spatial developments achieved through literary writing. The thesis then demonstrates an understanding of the material geography of the city, situating readings with reference to interview material from parties involved in writing, producing and distributing literary depictions of Toronto. Hence it combines traditional literary criticism with a spatially and socially engaged criticism, in order to clearly address the literary geographies of Torontos.
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Zhang, Rong Christine. "Excavation in Toronto." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53431.
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This thesis is about silence; about emptiness; about absence.
"Should we be surprised by the fact that architectural form can be found in the plan of the city? Yes, if one considers the fact that there is no architectural intervention in the design of the plan. No, if one considers architecture as not just the practice of a specific form of "writing", but primarily as an art of "reading." It is the "reading subject," the principle that generates the architecture of the city by displacing its plan to 'another' realm. The realm of the urban text."
M. Gandelsonas "The Unconscious of the City"Master of Architecture
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Römer, Jürgen. "The Toronto blessing /." Åbo : Åbo akademis förlag, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39144764r.
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Whitzman, Carolyn Harris Richard. "The dreams attached to places : from suburb, to slum, to urban village in a Toronto neighbourhood, 1875-2002 /." *McMaster only, 2003.
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Pannu, Mobushar A. "Traffic calming within Metropolitan Toronto." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0001/MQ45593.pdf.
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Paillot, Patricia-Léa. "La Communauté grecque de Toronto." Bordeaux 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR30035.
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A travers cinq chapitres, cette these se propose d'observer l'evolution et la composition de la communaute grecque de toronto, et de montrer que l'ethnicite est un processus. Partant d'une perspective historique, le premier chapitre montre comment les groupes d'origine se sont rassembles puis consolides sur une meme surface urbaine. Le deuxieme chapitre cerne la structuration de la cummunaute dans le temps et l'espace et demontre que la communaute spatiale des annees 60 est devenue une communaute sociale. Le troisieme chapitre centre son attention sur la structure interne de la communaute qui s'est chronologiquement organisee autour de trois axes : l'eglise orthodoxe, les associations et les medias. Le quatrieme chapitre etudie l'influence de l'emigration sur la famille grecque ; de type transitionnel, la famille a un comportement situationnel. Confrontes a deux systemes de valeurs contradictoires, les enfants sont soumis a un desir de continuite grecque et a une volonte de conformite canadienne. Le cinquieme chapitre elargit la these a l'interaction avec la societe canadienne et etudie l'impact du multiculturalisme dans le secteur educatif de la communaute grecque et s'interroge sur la viabilite de ce type de programmeThe objective of this ph. D. Thesis is to study the evolution and the composition of the greek community of toronto and to show that ethnicity is a process. The first chapter is a historical survey of the greek immigration in the us and canada ; it evolves around the concentration of the greek population on the urban space of toronto. The second chapter focuses on the multiple greek identity and the greek neighborhood ; it demonstrates that the spatial community of the beginning has become a social community nowadays. The third chapter describes the internal structure of the greek community based on the orthodox church, associations and the ethnic press. The fourth chapter highlights the metamorphosis of the greek family under the influence of emigration and the problem of children faced to two contradictory sets of values. The fifth chapter widens the thesis to the interaction with the canadian society at large and studies the impact of multiculturalism on the greek education and wonders about the feasibility of this political platform
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Psihopeda, Maria. "Ethnic enclaves in urban Canada : a comparative study of the labour market experiences of the Italiana and Jewish communities in Toronto." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60108.
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This thesis is a comparative, data-based analysis of the labour market experiences of the Italian and Jewish populations of Toronto at the end of the 1970s, beginning of the 1980s. It also provides historical and empirical information on the emergence and development of ethnic enclaves, and assesses whether such distinct enclave economies constitute channels for upward mobility for the Italian and Jewish individuals who participate in them.The historical findings provide evidence for the distinctiveness of an enclave labour market within these two ethnic communities. The empirical evidence reveals however, that participation in the enclave economies is quite low for Toronto's Jewish and Italian communities. The evidence does not indicate that participation in the enclave is associated with either economic benefits or losses. However, informal networks and ethnic ties have strong positive effects on enclavic participation.
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Briozzo, Florence. "Les italiens a toronto, 1971-1991." Paris 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA030030.
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Les italiens emigrent au canada en grand nombre apres 1945, et beaucoup d'entre eux se regroupent a toronto. En 1971, cette immigration est terminee, comment ces immigrants, au depart non anglophones, s'adaptent-ils a leurs nouvelles conditions de vie (repartition geographique, vie familiale, travail et mibilite sociale)? quelles structures propres creent-ils (aglise, presse, vie associative)? comment interviennent-ils dans la vie publique (vie politique, problemes linguistiques d'une minorite allophone dans un pays officiellement bilingue anglais-francais)?Many italians emigrate to canada after 1945, and a high proportion of them settle in toronto. By 1971, this immigration wave is over, how do these non-english speaking immigrants manage to adapt to their new life (geographical distribution, family life, work and social mobility)? what institutions do they generate (churches, media, associations) ? what part do they take in the life of the city (political activity, linguistic problems of a non-english-speaking minority in a in a country that has two official languages, english and french) ?
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Robertson, David W. "A 'patient-centred' medical school curriculum : medical students' views and practice." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324348.
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McGuire, Liam. "The ten cities of Toronto : patterns of socio-economic inequality and polarization throughout the Toronto Census Metropolitan Area." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43211.
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The Greater Toronto Area (G.T.A.), Canada’s largest urban region, is currently facing a strenuous experience of inequality and polarization. In the contexts of social, political, and economic landscapes, the Toronto region is becoming increasingly defined by a spatial divergence of social classes, a divergence that threatens the ability of many citizens to access the resources their wealthier neighbours enjoy. In the context of an increasingly unequal urban landscape, this thesis employs a critical quantitative and theoretical approach to explore the Greater Toronto Area, home to more than six million people. Following an introduction to the issues facing the G.T.A., chapter two explores the mechanics of a capitalist housing market, and examines the effects of a neoliberal urban governance strategy on the city. Chapter three outlines a multidimensional quantitative methodology to explore the presence of social inequality and polarization, whereby chapter four introduces a taxonomy of neighbourhoods, materializing social divides through the domains of housing, citizenship, wealth, and labour. Critical to this examination is the exploration of the gentrifying downtown, the declining inner suburbs, and the rapidly expanding outer suburbs. The fifth chapter more closely examines the relationship between immigration and housing in the G.T.A., mapping and analyzing the relationships between new residents and housing affordability stress. The results deepen an understanding of social inequity in the G.T.A., spatializing divisions between immigrant groups as they navigate the turbulent housing market. Finally, the thesis reflects on the challenges facing Canada’s largest urban region, arguing for new conceptualizations of our urban areas, and new conversations about urban housing strategies. These arguments strive to set a context for new urban governance strategies grounded in an interest of truly just and equal cities for all residents, challenging the existing social divisions that divide our cities today.
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Huartson, Kimberley James. "A program evaluation of Toronto halfway houses." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6022.
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This study examines the needs of all offenders being released to Toronto during a three month period; July 1 to September 30, 1988. It's purpose is to identify any needs which may exist in Toronto both in terms of a need for halfway house beds and programming needs within the houses. From the data we gathered, we were able to conclude that there is currently no policy which requires that offenders be matched to halfway houses according to their individual needs. We also found that: (1) Mandatory Supervision cases are the highest in terms of risk and need, yet they receive the least structure release of all early releases. Day Parole releases, on the other hand, have the fewest needs and present the lowest risk, yet they receive the most structured form of release, with mandatory halfway house residence. (2) There is a lack of structured programming in Toronto halfway houses, and the programs which do exist are often duplicated, where other needs are not met through any type of programming. (3) There does appear to be a small shortage of beds for Day Parole releases and a great shortage of beds for Mandatory Supervision releases. From these conclusions we were able to make recommendations concerning release policy and how it relates to halfway houses. These recommendations are designed to make the release and treatment of offenders more cost effective as well as to reduce the chances of recidivism. They require both policy and legislative changes in order to be implemented. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Mandarino, Peter. "Employment across generations: Italian men in Toronto." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28154.
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This research examines the labour force characteristics of several generations of Italian men working in Toronto. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the analysis focuses on differences in participation and occupational status characteristics between generations of Italian workers. This study also investigates the social and geographic factors that may underpin observed labour market outcomes for men. In particular, the study focuses on social processes mediated by interpersonal relations constituted in and across particular locales (such as the home and schools). Some possible explanations for differences in the labour market status of generations of Italian men are presented, including a discussion of the messages transmitted within families about education, the influence of residential locale on labour market opportunities, and an exploration of the ways that gender roles influence the strategies and expectations for men with regard to work.
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Opoku-Dapaah, Edward. "Resettlement of Ghanaian refugees in metropolitan Toronto." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq22923.pdf.
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Pfeifer, Mark Edward. "Community, adaptation, and the Vietnamese in Toronto." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq41037.pdf.
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Mann, Laurin Marie. "Actor training in Toronto, theory in practice." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0006/NQ41229.pdf.
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Parker, Leslie. "An architectural redevelopment of Union Station, Toronto." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ63549.pdf.
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Karabanow, Jeffrey M. "The shelter experience : a case study of street kid residents at Toronto's Covenant House." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26282.
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This case study of Covenant House, an emergency shelter for street kids in downtown Toronto, focuses on the experiences that draw kids into youth shelters and that drive them out. The analysis stresses the importance to street kids of feeling "cared for". Street kids were drawn to Covenant House because they felt cared for there by its open intake policy, appealing facilities (clean surroundings and good food), and staff who listened to and were interested in their problems. But residents were rather swiftly turned off by its rigidly enforced, elaborate and "uncaring' rule structure, and either walked out or got kicked out. Given the limited alternatives in Toronto's "shelter world", however, Covenant House has become the preferred choice for street kids who find themselves in a cycle of entering, leaving and returning.
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Levier, Pierre. "De l'hygiénisme à l'écologie urbaine : environnement, santé publique et urbanisme à Toronto du XIXe siècle à nos jours par Pierre Levier." Bordeaux 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR30020.
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Souvent tenu aujourd'hui en amerique pour un modele urbanistique. Toronto a acquis des le debut du xxes, une reputation d'excellence sanitaire. La these vise a etablir le role joue par les problemes et preoccupations d'environnement et de sante publique dans l'histoire de cette ville. Les problemes induits par sa croissance entre 1880 et 1920 sont analyses : pollutions industrielles, congestion urbaine, problemes de voirie, de traitement des dechets. D'alimentation en eau et d'assainissement. L'etude de la morbidite torontoise jusqu'a la premiere guerre mondiale donne la mesure de l'insalubrite resultante. Puis sont traitees les modalites de l'entreprise d'assainissement urbain inspiree par les hygienistes, ses motivations sous-jacentes, ses limites, les resistances qu'elle rencontra. L'etude des travaux de la commission de conservation du canada (1909-1921) revele par ailleurs l'imbrication entre les preoccupations sanitaires et le souci d'urbanisme apparu au tournant du siecle. L'ideal suburbain formule alors, notamment sous l'influence du modele de la cite-jardin, est analyse. Mais on voit ensuite que peu de torontois migrerent en banlieue dans l'entre-deux-guerres, alors que s'imposait du reste une conception moins environnementale de la sante. L'histoire de l'agglomeration depuis 1945, par contre, est celle d'une suburbanisation massive - et de nuisances nouvelles. En etudiant l'essor des preoccupations environnementales qui en a resulte a toronto depuis les annees 1960, on voit que ces preoccupations ont motive des choix urbanistiques majeurs, contribue au renouvellement de la notion de sante publique et fourni l'un des elements d'un antagonisme politique entre toronto et ses banlieues. L'essor de l'ecologisme a aussi contribue au renversement de dogmes urbanistiques seculaires en nourrissant la critique de l'etalement suburbainAs early as the 1910s, toronto became famous for its sanitation and its public health policy. More recently, it has been hailed in america as "a city that works". This research seeks to determine what part was played in the history of that city by public health and environmental issues. Various aspects of the crisis arising from rapid growth between 1880 and 1920 are dealt with : industrial pollution, congestion, street paving, the solid waste issue, the water supply and sewerage problems. Through a look at death rates and disease rates before world war one, the unhealthiness of the urban environment is measured. The public health movement which the sanitarians prompted is then dealt with; its motives, its shortcomings and the resistance it met with are discussed. An analysis of the work done by the commission of conservation of canada reveals close links between the concern for health and a concern for town-planning which arose in the 1890s. Out of these concerns and under the influence of the garden city concept rose a call for suburbanization. But little suburban growth occured around toronto during the 1920s and 1930s. The history of toronto since 1945, on the other hand, is one of massive suburbanization and new environmental issues. A study of the rise of environmental concern in toronto since the 1960s shows that this concern prompted major decisions in urban planning, that it fed a mutual resentment between the city and its suburbs and that it played a great part in a new definition of public health. Eventually, environmental concern fed the rising concern over urban sprawl and led to a call for higher urban densities
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Azzimani, Nadia. "Les Portugais de Toronto et l'école : les signes d'une intégration difficile (1991-1997)." Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030151.
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Les portugais du centre-ville de Toronto rencontrent, plus que les autres communautés, des problèmes scolaires qui reflètent en partie un manque d'intégration. Pour prendre en charge la scolarité d'une population cosmopolite, l'Ontario et en particulier Toronto, mènent une politique d'éducation multiculturelle. Celle-ci vise aussi à lutter contre l'échec scolaire des jeunes comme les Portugais, issus de familles modestes qui ne peuvent pas les aider scolairement. Le Conseil scolaire de Toronto a crée plusieurs programmes multiculturels mais le personnel scolaire souhaiterait plus de moyens pour répondre plus efficacement à l'échec scolaire. C'es un rapport du Conseil scolaire établi en 1991 qui a mis en évidence l'échec scolaire des Portugais. .The Portuguese face much more school problems than the other communities in the inner-city of Toronto. Those problems reflect in part a lack of integration. Responsible for a multicultural school population, Ontario and Toronto in particular, lead a multicultural education policy which also aims at helping at-risk students like the Portuguese. In those families, parent cannot help their children because of their low socio-economic background. The Toronto board of education has created several multicultural programs ; however, teachers ask for more financial means to tackle the student's school problems more efficiently. The Portuguese low academic achievement has been put into relief by the 1991 Toronto board of education report
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Mahdaviani, Bita. "Towards the legitimation of cinema : coverage of urban entertainment in the Toronto World and the Globe, 1896-1920." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33913.
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This thesis stems from a general interest in press coverage of culture industries and products and the ways in which it links them to contemporary social and political concerns. The present project specifically takes The Globe and The Toronto World, two of the major daily newspapers of Toronto, as its combined object of analysis. It selects particular events and periods during the emergence of early film as popular amusement as the contexts for the study of articles, reports, columns, and editorials that centred around urban cultural issues as well as cinema. It explores the extent to which these particular events and periods figured in the papers' attention upon the new medium and its place in the everyday life of the city. These contexts were selected with an assumption of their newsworthiness for the daily press. However, upon examination it became evident that, while the majority of them did produce a concentrated attention in both dailies, not all of them did. Still, because they instantiated profound shifts in urban entertainment at the turn of the century, they were kept as historical backgrounds for the analysis of the newspapers's construction of modern culture. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Kenniff, Thomas-Bernard. "Assembly: A Revaluation of Public Space in Toronto." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/939.
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This thesis focuses on the problem of defining and designing public space in contemporary mass society. "Assembly" revaluates a cultural understanding of public space as the space of regulation, consumption and leisure, and works to find spaces of freedom, agency and action. Three iconic sites located in Toronto from three successive generations are examined: Nathan Phillips Square, the Eaton Centre and the new Dundas Square. These three sites form the primary division of the work and are respectively paired with extended critiques from three thinkers: Hannah Arendt, Jean Baudrillard, and Guy Debord. The pairings centre on Arendt's account of the "rise of the social", on Baudrillard's analysis of consumption and on Debord's dissection of the spectacle. The argument is presented in the form of an assemblage. Although the nature of this method invites each reader to construct their own meaning, this thesis grounds itself on a defined polemic. It considers public space to be marked by 1) the erosion of a clear distinction between our public and private realms, and their subsequent dissolution into the realm of the social, 2) the ideology of consumption overtaking the realm of the social, and 3) the world of the commodity replacing reality with the world of the spectacle. "Assembly" first consists of three main sections corresponding to the three sites. Each of these parts is assembled from three distinct strands: factual, theoretical and visual. The factual strand forms the main "field" of each section and is made up of selected quotations from mass media ? newspapers, public documents and websites. The theoretical strand, consisting of pointed quotations from the relevant social theorist, is threaded through the field of mass media. The visual strand comprises two elements: a postcard that marks the beginning of the section and a series of authored photographs that follows and complements the text-based assemblage. Inevitably, the relationship between general social values and those of individuals is fraught. Consequently, and perhaps also inevitably, architectural design tends to reduce the manifoldness of the public realm into a homogenous and singular public space: the "whole". This thesis pursues the question of how to conciliate individual agency with collective public experience. The process and form of "Assembly" deliberately celebrates this uncertainty of design, and takes "heterogeneity" as a necessary condition of public space. That it cannot offer a comprehensive solution is, perhaps, inherent to the question.
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Waien, Sohail Akbar. "Outcomes of cardiac arrest patients in Metropolitan Toronto." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq28755.pdf.
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Edwards, Barbara C. "Toronto art, a history of connectedness, 1970-1998." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ39819.pdf.
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Chan, Christina Wai Mei. "Coping with schizophrenia among Chinese families in Toronto." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0030/MQ27339.pdf.
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Adeyanju, Charles Temitope. "Transnational social fields of the Yoruba in Toronto." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ51051.pdf.
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Duncan, Carol B. "'This spot of ground' Spiritual Baptists in Toronto /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ59130.pdf.
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Morrow, Greg 1975. "Civitas Peregrina : abject space in early immigrant Toronto." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/58660.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2003.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 233-245).
The literature on early planning history tends to document the 'progress' made at the turn of twentieth century through the scientific study and rationalization of urban space. Through a detailed study of two areas in early immigrant Toronto, another side of planning's history is told: the stories about the relationship between social control and the transformation of the city. Toronto is particularly relevant as it has undergone rapid social change through the twentieth century, from an almost exclusively British colonial town to one of the world's most ethnically diverse cities. Two areas form the basis for the study: the Ward and Niagara. While the Ward originated as land given as 'Park Lots' to aristocracy as gifts for relocating to the nascent town, Niagara originated as a Military Reserve. Thus, the Ward's development was the function of the market, while Niagara was largely state-controlled. Ten groups of places form the nexus for the stories, forming a broad spectrum of institutions: abattoir, asylum, boardinghouse, church, city hall, playground, prison, synagogue, tavern, and theater. Each story focuses on a particular form of social or moral problem in the city and traces the response by the state and civil society. The stories document the responses to perceived 'others' in the emerging industrial city -- concepts of 'other' based on race, ethnicity, class, health, religion, sexuality, lifestyle, even the choice of housing. In tracing the efforts by the state and civil society to control the social values and morals of the population, something of a 'pre-history' of planning is illustrated. The creation of new institutions, new planning mechanisms and new comprehensive 'plans' resulted in the simultaneous consolidation of 'other' people and practices into undesirable areas (Niagara) and the dispersal of the same where they existed in more vital parts of the city (the Ward). The study situates the specific responses in Toronto within the larger movements taking place throughout North America -- movements that formed the basis for the origins of the modern planning system. The study hypothesizes that the confrontation with the 'abject other', that is, those peoples, practices and places that departed from the social norm, was foundational to the modern planning system.
by Greg Morrow.
S.M.
M.C.P.
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Sallem, Flavio Augusto Sekeff. "Tradução para o Português e validação da escala de avaliação de torcicolo espasmódico de Toronto (Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5138/tde-24032016-143001/.
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Introdução: A distonia cervical (DC) é a distonia focal mais comum no mundo, cujas manifestações clínicas e consequências vão muito além dos movimentos involuntários cervicais. A doença causa significativo impacto sobre a vida profissional e social dos indivíduos acometidos, com acentuado comprometimento da qualidade de vida, além de dor cervical. Uma avaliação clínica completa é necessária para um manejo adequado desta enfermidade. Não há, no Brasil, escala validada que permita uma avaliação holística dos pacientes portadores de DC. A escala Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) é um instrumento de avaliação conhecido em todo o mundo, tendo sido utilizado em inúmeros estudos de avaliação de DC, e sua validação é o objetivo deste estudo. Casuística e métodos: A adaptação transcultural foi realizada segundo critérios já publicados. Após o pré-teste com 30 pacientes, observou-se que a escala era de difícil entendimento para pessoas com escolaridade abaixo de 8 anos, e a escala foi novamente submetida a um processo de adaptação, com modificações sugeridas por juízes, produzindo a escala adaptada. A validação do instrumento seguiu orientações padrão: comparação com instrumento de medida de qualidade de vida (WHOQOL-Bref); realização de teste-reteste por meio de três avaliações separadas entre si por 2 semanas; cálculo do alfa de Cronbach para os itens da escala; medida do coeficiente de correlação intraclasse e intervalo de confiança de 95%; e cálculo dos gráficos de concordância/dispersão de BlandAltman. Resultados: A escala final foi de fácil entendimento por pessoas de todos os níveis educacionais. A consistência interna foi boa a excelente (0,599 para o domínio Intensidade, 0,860 para o domínio Incapacidade, e 0,878 para o domínio Dor). Houve boa correlação com a escala padrão e concordância entre examinadores. A confiabilidade e reprodutibilidade da escala, conforme cálculo do ICC e IC95%, alcançaram níveis aceitáveis. Os gráficos de Bland-Altman produziram dados dispersos de forma aleatória, sugerindo ausência de tendência nas avaliações. Conclusão: A versão em Português da TWSTRS é válida para a avaliação de pacientes brasileiros portadores de DC possui boa consistência interna e apresenta boa reprodutibilidade entre examinadoresBackground: Cervical dystonia (CD) is the most common focal dystonia, its clinical picture and outcome going far beyond the involuntary muscle contractions. This illness has a significant impact over the social and professional lives of affected individuals, leading to severe compromise of quality of life (QoL), and cervical pain. A complete clinical assessment is of utmost importance to an adequate management of this disease. There is no validated clinical tool in Brazil devised to a holistic evaluation of CD patients. The Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) is a world famous scale used in several studies of CD evaluation, and its validation is the objective of this study. Patients and methods: The transcultural adaptation was performed according to published criteria. After the initial pre-test with 30 patients, it was observed that patients with schooling under 8 years could not understand the whole scale, and the tool underwent a new adaptation process after modifications suggested by the judges, producing the adapted scale. The validation followed standard methods: comparison with a QoL instrument (WHOQOL-Bref); test-retest with three examinations 2-weeks apart from each other; Cronbach\'s ? calculation of the items of the scale; intraclass correlation coefficient (CCI) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) determination; and production of the Bland-Altman graphs. Results: The final version of the scale was easy to understand by all patients examined. The internal consistency was good to excellent (0.599 for domain Intensity, 0.860 for the domain Disability, and 0.878 for domain Pain). There was a good correlation between the adapted scale and the QoL instrument and good concordance between examiners. The reliability and reproducibility according to CCI and 95% CI reached acceptable values. The Bland-Altman graphs displayed randomly dispersed data, suggesting no tendency in the evaluations. Conclusions: The Portuguese version of the TWSTRS is valid for evaluation of Brazilian CD patients, has good internal consistency, and is reproducible between examiners
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Kromer, Anna. "The impact of ethnic identity on nursing home placement among Polish older adults /." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81463.
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An exploratory, qualitative study on the experiences of Polish older adults who made a transition from independent living to an ethno-specific residential care facility in Toronto is presented. Using the framework of Continuity Theory of Aging, the impact of ethnic/cultural identity on the process of relocation and subsequent adjustment to a nursing home environment was investigated. A purposive sampling strategy was used to select 2 male and 4 female participants. The data was collected using long interviews that were tape recorded and transcribed verbatim. The findings of this study indicate that the subjects employed specific coping strategies that stem from traditional value orientation and life experiences hence suggesting that ethnic/cultural identity may have played a role in their successful adaptation to residential care setting. Although this research study is limited to one group of older adults and cannot be generalized to other ethnic groups, it has a potential to contribute to increasing the body of knowledge about the dynamics of residential care placement among ethnic minority seniors. Implications for social work policy, research and practice are discussed.
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Zajc, Elizabeth. "Modelling native bird diversity in the Greater Toronto Area." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/974.
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Human-dominated landscapes often have habitat loss and fragmentation. These characteristics described at the landscape scale, called landscape elements, influence species diversity and distribution. These landscape elements include such descriptions as the amount of habitat in the landscape and the degree of fragmentation of the habitat. "Optimization of landscape pattern" studies which landscape elements will maximize species diversity and/or distribution. Some general conclusions have emerged from this research. For example, for some bird species the size of the habitat patch in which a species nests has been found to be more important than landscape variables. However, preliminary research suggested that landscape elements such as the matrix are important urban areas. My study addressed this problem by asking: which elements of the landscape are most important for predicting avian species richness and abundance in the Greater Toronto Area? A literature review revealed a number of variables that have been found to influence bird species diversity within a landscape: area of habitat in which the species nests, amount of habitat within the landscape, degree of fragmentation, vegetation characteristics of the habitat patch, and area within the landscape deemed urban in municipal land-use designations (amount of urbanization). From this literature, I formulated four hypotheses describing the most important variables for avian diversity: (1) the area of the habitat patch is most important, (2) only variables describing the habitat patch itself are important, (3) the area of the habitat patch is important, but landscape variables should also be considered and (4) urbanization is most important. These hypotheses were considered competing explanations of bird species diversity at the landscape scale. A database of breeding bird data and landscape information, in a geographic information system platform, was used to investigate the comparative strength of the competing hypotheses for the Greater Toronto Area. A mathematical expression with a Poisson model format was created to represent each hypothesis. The model selection technique based on Kullback-Leibler information using the Akaike Information Criterion was deemed most appropriate for the comparison of the models. Four separate Poisson model competitions were completed using two habitat types and two response variables: species richness and total abundance. In three of the four competitions, the best model included the habitat area and the amount of urbanization in the landscape. In the forth competition, this model was considered as strong as another model which included habitat area, amount of habitat in the landscape and degree of fragmentation. The results from the model competition support the hypothesis that habitat area is important, but landscape variables must also be considered to explain avian richness and total abundance. It appears that maintaining native bird biodiversity in the Greater Toronto Area should focus on preserving and possibly increasing habitat area and decreasing adjacent urbanization. Exploration of the best model in the forest analysis with the richness response variable found that a 10% increase in habitat area cause approximately a 10% increase in species richness, and a 10% increase in urban area caused approximately a 20% decrease in species richness. Consequently, current natural heritage planning in Ontario should consider urban development as an important negative effect on native birds.
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Antolin, Mercedes Mompel. "Single room occupancy housing : two cases, Vancouver and Toronto." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29919.
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This study examines the Single Room Occupancy Housing (SRO) stock of the City of Toronto and of the City of Vancouver. The term SROs refers to residential hotels and rooming houses. Rooming houses located in converted single family dwellings constitute the primary SRO form of Toronto. Residential hotels constitute the primary SRO form in Vancouver. This study examines the historical evolution of the SRO stock, the characteristics of the units, the socioeconomic
characteristics of the residents, and the provincial and municipal policy relating to the SRO stock.
SROs were the first form of accommodation for many immigrants and transient male workers. SRO units in rooming houses also housed couples and families during the first decades of the 1900's in both Toronto and Vancouver. A dire shortage of affordable rental housing forced families to live in overcrowded conditions in single rooms.
SROs today house primarily two three of population. Those who live in single rooms permanently, those who live in single rooms because they cannot afford to rent an apartment, and those who live in single rooms temporarily.
Contrary to what has been commonly assumed, residents of SROs are not transient. SRO residents, although they might move frequently, they do so because they continually face displacement. Evictions are common because of real estate market pressures. Many SRO units are being converted to other residential uses or demolished.
The main group of SRO residents still consists of single older men, however, the percentage of women and of young men has increased among the SRO residents in recent years, especially in the case of the rooming houses of Toronto. The majority of SRO residents live on incomes which are well below of the poverty line (approximately, 50% of the poverty line). These residents pay 50% to 75% of their income on housing.
SRO housing is an important component of the rental housing market of Vancouver and Toronto. SROs constitute the last housing resort before homelessness. However, with the exception of SRO units in social housing projects, SROs existing today in Toronto and Vancouver do not constitute an adequate form of accommodation. In most cases, the physical condition of the units is substandard and the rents are still very high for the average SRO resident. In Vancouver, SRO units are not fully recognized as part of the rental housing stock because they are not protected by provincial
landlord and tenant regulation.
The continued availability of SRO accommodation looks more optimistic in Ontario than it does in British Columbia. The main focuss of the housing policy of Ontario and Toronto towards the SRO stock has been to rehabilitate, to improve and to expand the SRO stock. In addition, Ontario has recently drafted legislation which protects the rental housing stock from demolition and conversion and it has extended security of tenure rights to the residents of rooming houses. On the other hand, the main thrust of the housing policy of the province of British Columbia and of the City of Vancouver towards the SRO stock has been to relocate SRO tenants in social housing unitsApplied Science, Faculty of
Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of
Graduate
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Karumanchery, Nisha. "Race, gender and class, Malayalee women's experiences in Toronto." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ27973.pdf.
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Yung, Wing K. "Ethnicity and public policy, the Chinese in Metropolitan Toronto." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0013/NQ35449.pdf.
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Hartmann, Franz M. "Nature in the city : urban ecological politics in Toronto /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0023/NQ39270.pdf.
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Ighodaro, Macdonald. "Experience of Somali students in Metro-Toronto school system." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ27354.pdf.
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Wharton-Zaretsky, Marcia. "Black women activists in Toronto from 1950 to 1990." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0027/NQ45803.pdf.
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Okens, Patrick. "Blues before sunrise, rowing at the University of Toronto." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0003/MQ46020.pdf.
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Hussain, Amir. "The Canadian face of Islam, Muslim communities in Toronto." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ63783.pdf.
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Paquin, Leo Joseph. "Ethical issues raised by the SARS outbreak in Toronto." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98568.
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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) was first recognized in Guangdong Province, China, in November 2002. Subsequent to its introduction to Hong Kong in mid-February 2003, the virus spread to more than 30 countries infecting over 8,000 individuals across five continents. Toronto was particularly affected and SARS's outbreak there resulted in the emergence of five ethical issues in the following areas: isolation and quarantine, privacy and personal information, professional duty of care, collateral damage and the WHO's SARS-related Travel Advisory for Toronto. In what follows each of these issues will be explored in depth.
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Mohamad, Hassan S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Estimating the impact of Airbnb on hotels in Toronto." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106792.
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Thesis: S.M. in Real Estate Development, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Real Estate Development in conjunction with the Center for Real Estate, 2016.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 61-62).
The sharing economy is disrupting long-standing industries! This is one of the most common phrases used in discussions about any of the booming internet-based companies offering peer-topeer services. This public perception fed by thousands and thousands of supporting articles and blogs seems intuitively correct. However, the limited number of empirical academic studies published to date, looking only at the direct impacts on the industry under review and ignoring the more holistic indirect economic impacts, have not all reached that same conclusion. In our study we focus on Airbnb, the company that went from renting 3 air beds in a San Francisco apartment in October 2007 to a valuation of $25.5 billion in 2015 surpassing the market cap of the largest global hotel chains that have been around for decades. The purpose of the study is to empirically estimate the impact of Airbnb on hotels in Toronto since majority of the limited academic empirical studies on the topic to date are focused on U.S. cities. Regression analysis of time series is used to estimate the structural models based on hotel performance metrics, GDP, CPI, tourists, currency, and Airbnb data. The three estimated models are: change in real average daily rate, change in hotel rooms available, and change in hotel rooms sold. We project a five-year forecast of Toronto hotels key performance metrics, for the period between January 2016 and December 2020, using the estimated models. The results of the study suggest that Airbnb has a statistically positive impact on the change in number of hotel room nights sold in the overall Toronto market. Taking a closer look into each of the six hotel classes the study hypothesizes that midscale class hotels are the only ones statistically significantly negatively impacted by Airbnb growth. Results also suggest that Airbnb growth has a statistically insignificant impact on the number of luxury, upper upscale, and economy class hotel room nights sold whereas upscale and upper midscale class hotels are positively impacted. We end our study with sensitivity analyses on the forecasts by altering one of the key assumptions at a time and estimating its impact.
by Hassan Mohamad.
S.M. in Real Estate Development
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Pinto, Joana Barbosa. "Residência universitária: Toronto." Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/2234.
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Após cinco anos decorridos no curso de arquitectura da Universidade da Beira Interior, concluisse o percurso com esta dissertação de mestrado integrado. O objectivo foi sempre, desde início, criar algo que nos agradasse pessoalmente, com um conceito único e desafiante. Durante todo o processo universitário fomos chamados a descobrir espaços, a criar tipologias, a pensar no processo de construção, a estarmos mais atentos ao mundo que nos circunda e acolhe; a sentirmos a sociedade de um outro modo, a moldarmo-nos com outro sentido estético e filosófico em relação aos objectos, para que possamos futuramente concretizarmo-nos como pessoas e arquitectos que pretendemos ser. A dissertação não será mais do que o finalizar desta etapa académica com todos estes conhecimentos adquiridos e assimilados. Será uma proposta mais “autónoma”, uma vez que a escolha remete-nos para algo mais pessoal que nós mesmo podemos escolher. Pensar uma forma arquitectónica com um significado cultural, psicológico e emocional patente, penetrando na edificação como habitantes ou espectadores, observando a junção entre massa e volume, registada em várias escalas diferentes que unem o espaço interno relacionado com as necessidades humanas, é algo que desde sempre nos fascinou na obra arquitectónica. Esta dissertação surge para corresponder a um programa lançado por um concurso internacional da Universidade de Ryerson – Toronto, para estudantes. Um concurso bastante interessante do ponto de vista estudante/arquitecto, onde vemos o espaço não só como arquitectos, mas temos igualmente a projecção de um espaço como habitante, conhecendo bem as vivências, as necessidades, os ambientes.
Um conjunto de formas que justificam uma finalidade, um projecto, um conceito; esta dissertação responderá às necessidades sociais e físicas de toda uma comunidade académica pertencente ao núcleo da faculdade “Ryerson University” no Canadá, mais propriamente no coração da baixa de Toronto. O concurso promove a importância do projecto à vida diária no Canadá, destinado a fornecer alojamento e instalações para uma amostra representativa da população da Universidade; incluindo alunos, professores, pessoal administrativo e académico.
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Stubbs, Todd Russell. "Visions of the common good : Britishness, citizenship, and the public sphere in nineteenth-century Toronto /." 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR32069.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2007. Graduate Programme in History.Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 252-278). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:NR32069
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Politano, Adrian. "Building on Building on Main Streets." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/3472.
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This thesis examines the problems of building on Toronto’s main streets. These arterial mixed-use corridors that define much of the public face of the city are the subject of ongoing residential intensification efforts through the Official Plan policies of the City of Toronto. The form that this new development takes can either reinforce and improve existing streetscapes and housing stock, or it might –as is already happening– replace the long-established vital urban patterns of main streets with very different, less versatile, and less diverse building forms with a diminished standard of both urban and interior living space. Part I considers main streets at the urban scale, while Part II is a discussion of housing quality and architectural aims that informs a series of proposed prototypical building designs to be located on a site on Queen Street West as an example of site conditions found on main streets in a variety of locations throughout the city.
To understand the urban implications of main street building, this study looks at the specific historical factors that have shaped Toronto’s main streets, and looks at why they continue to have value and have become a focus for intensification today. It revisits key episodes in Toronto’s redevelopment planning over the last four decades, particularly the St. Lawrence Neighborhood Plan, the Ataratiri Plan, and the Housing on Toronto’s Main Streets Initiative. The precedent historical research points to the need for small increments of development on main streets in order to maintain the economic, social, and visual diversity that have made them such a vital and dynamic component of the city in the past. This scale of development calls for new building types to respond to the very particular site conditions of main streets. Modern building types that are typically used in these situations are ill suited to respond to these conditions, provide a limited range of unit types, and are leading to compromises of urban and interior spatial quality when applied to these sites.
The architectural discussion centers on the observation that traditional main street lot patterns, despite inherent rigidity and rationality, have nonetheless proven to be a functionally flexible urban structure that has accommodated and encouraged a remarkable diversity of uses, architectural forms, and individual interpretations over time. Comparable complexity and diversity of spatial qualities can be found in a variety of architectural design approaches, including those of Adolf Loos’ ‘Raumplan’, Rudolf Schindler’s ‘Space Architecture’, or Herman Hertzberger’s concept of ‘Polyvalent Form’. The spaces created by these architects are an architectural analogue of the dynamic, richly varied urban characteristics of Toronto’s existing main streets. Both create the opportunities for individual expression and continually varied spatial experience that better reflects the complexity of both urban and domestic life. These precedents of architectural form -imbued with qualities of multiplicity, heterogeneity and reinterpretability- propose a counterpoint to the standard of functionally rigid, spatially limited and typologically predictable buildings and living spaces currently available. The proposed building designs are intended to widen the options for dwelling within the city, while offering an update and intensification of main streets that reinforces rather than replaces desirable existing urban patterns.
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Thomlinson, Neil Robert. "Unfinished business : the remaking of Toronto." 2005. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=232550&T=F.
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Hamilton, Melanie. "Centennial Celebrations in Toronto-area Schools." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/18092.
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This thesis investigates and analyzes certain significant aspects of the Centennial celebrations of 1967 as they took place in Toronto-area schools. By considering the Centennial activities involving art, travel, music and historical pageantry—those deemed most significant by educational planners—I propose to evaluate how students, and Canadians in general, were thinking and learning about Canada and its people at the time. Throughout this essay, I argue that the Centennial celebrations are crucial evidence of a developing shift in the way that Canadians conceived of national identities and a change in how students were educated about Canadian history. In particular, I will argue that the Centennial celebrations in Toronto-area schools often demonstrated the continued development of a post-imperial vision of Canada’s national character, and an approach to history education which moved beyond the traditional timeline-oriented and British nation-building narratives that dominated early-twentieth-century Canadian education.
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Figueiredo, Rafael L. F. "Homelessness and Oral Health in Toronto." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/30591.
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Objectives: This study aimed to assess the oral health status of the Toronto adult homeless population; to learn how they perceive their own oral health; and how they interact with the dental care system.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study collected data from 191 homeless adults who were randomly selected using a stratified cluster sample at 18 shelters. A questionnaire and clinical oral examination were conducted with participants.
Results: The mean Decayed/Missing/Filled Teeth (DMFT) score of the subjects was 14.4 (SD=8.1). Only 32% of them had visited a dentist during the last year; 75% believed that they had untreated dental conditions; and 40% had their last dental visit for emergency care. The clinical oral examination observed that 88% needed fillings, 70% periodontal, 60% prosthodontic and 40% emergency treatment.
Conclusion: Homeless adults in Toronto have poor oral health, significant oral health treatment needs and a lack of access to dental care.
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Chu, Szu-Ting, and 朱思婷. "The Chinese Canadian Choir of Toronto." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62854316918873472887.
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碩士國立臺灣師範大學
民族音樂研究所
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The Chinese community represents a large percentage of the population of Toronto, Canada. Various Chinese choirs exist by the strong support of interested parties, together with practicing persistently and organizing various forms of performances by the Chinese community. This has formed a unique landscape of Chinese culture. Therefore, this research will be based on the oldest community, which it is called The Chinese Canadian Choir of Toronto. The analysis in the thesis includes: 1. the music and cultural background of Chinese Canadians; 2. the organization of the Chinese Canadian Choir of Toronto; 3.The analysis of the musical programs, including pieces from 1998-2011 Annual Concert, category of pieces, articulation; 4. the analysis of conductors, choir members, guest performers and pieces; 5. Conclusion and the future trend of the choir. The thesis uses interviews and surveys to research the motivation and background of each individual and to suggest possible future trends of The Chinese Canadian Choir of Toronto.
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Fan, Larissa. "Temporary landscape : the Port of Toronto /." 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR45980.
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Thesis (M.F.A.)--York University, 2008. Graduate Programme in Film.Typescript. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR45980
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Janes, Allison. "Voices of Toronto - An Intercultural Urban Library." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/5071.
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In the last one hundred years Toronto’s cultural identity has been completely transformed. Once a quiet and thoroughly conservative Anglo-Saxon town, Toronto has become a thriving and dynamic multicultural city. Today a majority of the city’s residents are visible minorities and almost half are foreign-born; the largest of any city in the world. Never before have so many ‘different’ people shared place. While successive waves of immigration have had a profound and measurable impact on Toronto’s cultural and social character, the impact on its public spaces and institutions remains more illusive.
This thesis proposes an architectural design for an intercultural library and language centre that seeks to give voice to the principles of diversity that have energized Toronto, while acknowledging the city’s history of divisiveness and political indifference to immigrants. Set adjacent to the Bickford Centre, an existing ESL school dedicated to serving new immigrants, the proposed intercultural library and language centre will face the Christie Pits Park, the site of Toronto’s worst race riot.
Three lines of inquiry structure this thesis. The first is an in-depth sociodemographic investigation of immigration to Toronto. This is followed by an analysis of the meaning and significance of critical intercultural gathering spaces in the city. Finally, the thesis, through the design of the language centre, seeks to explore the capacity of architecture to simultaneously unite and provide amenity for a multicultural city population.
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Dakane, Abdulkadir. "Bioaccessibility of metals in Toronto city parks." 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10170/531.
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The purpose of this work was to estimate metals bioaccessibility in soil samples from 15 city parks in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Total metals concentrations were analyzed to identify contaminants that exceeded the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME) guidelines for residential/parkland use. Arsenic, barium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, lead, nickel and zinc were of particular interest as they have been known to have major effects on human health. Metal concentrations were below the CCME guidelines except for lead at three of the parks. Lead, copper and cadmium bioaccessibility in the soil samples as determined by an in-vitro physiologically based extraction test (PBET) were relatively high. Based on linear regression analyses there were no significant relationships between total metals and soil properties such as pH and total organic carbon (TOC). Generally there was negative correlation between metal bioaccessibility and TOC and positive correlation between bioaccessibility and soil pH.