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Journal articles on the topic 'Torch microwave discharge'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Jasiński, M., D. Czylkowski, Z. Zakrzewski, and J. Mizeraczyk. "Treatment of N2O in pulsed microwave torch discharge." Czechoslovak Journal of Physics 54, S3 (March 2004): C859—C865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03166499.

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2

Kirichenko, A. Ya, and O. A. Suvorova. "Electromagnetic fields and structure of microwave torch discharge." Czechoslovak Journal of Physics 56, S2 (October 2006): B1079—B1085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10582-006-0330-0.

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3

David, B., O. Schneeweiss, N. Pizúrová, Šantavá, V. Kudrle, P. Synek, and O. Jašek. "Atmospheric-pressure Microwave Torch Discharge Generated γ-Fe2O3 Nanopowder." Physics Procedia 44 (2013): 206–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2013.04.025.

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4

Trebulová, Kristína, František Krčma, Zdenka Kozáková, and Petra Matoušková. "Impact of Microwave Plasma Torch on the Yeast Candida glabrata." Applied Sciences 10, no. 16 (August 11, 2020): 5538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10165538.

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Recently, various cold plasma sources have been tested for their bactericidal and fungicidal effects with respect to their application in medicine and agriculture. The purpose of this work is to study the effects of a 2.45 GHz microwave generated plasma torch on a model yeast example Candida glabrata. The microwave plasma was generated by a surfatron resonator, and pure argon at a constant flow rate of 5 Slm was used as a working gas. Thanks to a high number of active particles generated in low-temperature plasma, this type of plasma has become highly popular, especially thanks to its bactericidal effects. However, its antimycotic effects and mechanisms of fungal inactivation are still not fully understood. Therefore, this study focuses on the antifungal effects of the microwave discharge on Candida glabrata. The main focus is on the measurement and evaluation of changes in inactivation effects caused by varying initial concentration of Candida glabrata cells, applied microwave power and exposure time. The discharge was applied on freshly inoculated colonies of Candida glabrata spread on the agar plates and its inhibitory effects were observed in the form of inhibition zones formed after the subsequent cultivation.

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5

David, B., O. Schneeweiss, E. Šantavá, and O. Jašek. "Magnetic Properties of γ-Fe2O3Nanopowder Synthesized by Atmospheric Microwave Torch Discharge." Acta Physica Polonica A 122, no. 1 (July 2012): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.12693/aphyspola.122.9.

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6

Jasi ski, Mariusz, Jerzy Mizeraczyk, Zenon Zakrzewski, Toshikazu Ohkubo, and Jen-Shih Chang. "CFC-11 destruction by microwave torch generated atmospheric-pressure nitrogen discharge." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 35, no. 18 (September 1, 2002): 2274–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/35/18/308.

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7

Snirer, Miroslav, Vít Kudrle, Jozef Toman, Ondřej Jašek, and Jana Jurmanová. "Structure of microwave plasma-torch discharge during graphene synthesis from ethanol." Plasma Sources Science and Technology 30, no. 6 (June 1, 2021): 065020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/abfbea.

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8

Bruce, Mark L., and Joseph A. Caruso. "The Laminar Flow Torch for Gas Chromatographic He Microwave Plasma Detection of Pyrethroids and Dioxins." Applied Spectroscopy 39, no. 6 (November 1985): 942–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702854249655.

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A new laminar flow, microwave-induced plasma torch has been evaluated for its use in gas chromatography. Data were collected through a computer-controlled background-correcting polychromator system. A 0.5-mm-i.d. open quartz tube, the tangential flow torch, and the laminar flow torch were used for discharge containment and were compared. The chromatographic and spectroscopic data were used to determine the partial empirical formulas of pyrethroids and dioxins. The laminar flow torch showed improvements over both the 0.5-mm open tube and the tangential flow torch. The typical errors from the true empirical formulas were less than 4%. Detection limits were between 8 and 60 pg/s for carbon, hydrogen, bromine, chlorine, and fluorine emission signals. The compound detection limits on the carbon channel averaged 0.043 μg/mL for pyrethroids and 0.010 μg/mL for dioxins.

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9

Jain, Vishal, A. Visani, C. Patil, B. K. Patel, P. K. Sharma, P. I. John, and S. K. Nema. "Gliding arc triggered microwave plasma arc at atmospheric pressure for coal gasification application." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 32 (January 2014): 1460345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194514603457.

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Plasma torch is device that efficiently converts electrical energy in to thermal energy for various high temperature applications. The conventional plasma torch comprises of consumable electrodes namely anode and cathode electrodes. The replacement of these electrodes is a complex process owing to its cooling and process shut down requirements. However, microwave plasma arc is electrode-less plasma arc system that is an alternative method to conventional arc technology for generating plasma arc. In this technique, microwave power is efficiently coupled to generate plasma arc by using the property of polar molecule to absorb microwave power. The absorption of microwave power is in form of losses due to intermolecular friction and high collisions between the molecules. This is an efficient method because all microwave power can be absorbed by plasma arc. The main feature of microwave plasma arc is its large uniform high temperature column which is not possible with conventional arc discharge methods. Such type of plasma discharge is very useful in applications where sufficient residence time for treat materials is required. Microwave arc does not require any consumable electrodes and hence, it can be operated continuously that makes it very useful for hazardous effluent treatment applications. Further, microwave cannot ionize neutral particles at atmospheric pressure and hence, a gliding arc is initiated between two thin electrodes in the cavity by applying very low power high voltage (3kV) AC source. In this report, the method for generating microwave arc of 1kW power using commercial microwave oven is elaborated.

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10

Hayashi, Nobuya, Takaomi Nakashima, and Akira Yonesu. "Sterilization of Medical Equipment Using Air Torch Plasma Produced by Microwave Discharge." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 39, no. 11 (November 2011): 2976–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2011.2145004.

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11

Madrid, Yolanda, Matthew W. Borer, Chu Zhu, Qinhan Jin, and Gary M. Hieftje. "Noise Characterization of the Microwave Plasma Torch (MPT) Source." Applied Spectroscopy 48, no. 8 (August 1994): 994–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702944029721.

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Noise characteristics of emission signals from the Ar microwave plasma torch (MPT) discharge have been analyzed. Noise spectra are reported with the use of a nebulizer sample introduction system for desolvated and undesolvated aerosols, for varying analyte concentrations, and for background emission from argon and water vapor. The analytical system appears to be flicker-noise limited at frequencies below about 1 Hz. White noise was found to be dominant below 100 Hz, but discrete noise peaks were detected in the frequency region extending to 300 Hz. The noise frequency characteristics are independent of the plasma viewing position, analyte concentration, and sample introduction method but strongly dependent on the argon carrier flow rate and on the introduction of water vapor. The discrete-frequency peaks presumably have a fluid-dynamics origin, caused by flow fluctuations as argon exits the top of the torch. Noise from the measurement system and from external sources was not significant compared with the noise level observed from the plasma.

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12

Workman, John M., Peter G. Brown, David C. Miller, C. J. Seliskar, and Joseph A. Caruso. "Spectroscopic Temperature Determinations for a Microwave-Induced Helium Plasma Formed in a Laminar Flow Torch." Applied Spectroscopy 40, no. 6 (August 1986): 857–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702864508395.

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This study represents the first plasma diagnostic investigation of a laminar flow torch configuration for microwave-induced plasma emission spectroscopy. Spatial intensity profiles indicate that this torch design facilitates the formation of a stable plasma discharge which does not reside on the walls of the plasma containment tube. Spectroscopic temperature determinations were based on the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium. Excitation temperatures were found to be several thousand degrees higher than those reported for other low-power He plasmas. Rotational temperature determinations afforded bimodal temperature distributions from the Boltzmann plots, with lower temperature slope regions comparable to values reported by others. Rotational temperatures derived from high-temperature slope regions were several thousand degrees above values obtained in other studies. Temperatures were evaluated as a function of radial position, microwave power, and flow rate.

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13

Marin, Robert Cristian, Iulian Ştefan, Răzvan Ionuţ Iacobici, and Sorin Vasile Savu. "Preliminary Research for Development of MW-TIG Hybrid Welding System." Advanced Materials Research 1164 (June 23, 2021): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1164.9.

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The paper aims to report preliminary researches towards to development of new hybrid welding system by coupling a microwave beam with a TIG torch. The main research was focused on the designing of hybrid system as well as to establish the heating/welding mechanism by coupling two different thermal sources. Therefore, a specific welding chamber was designed taking into consideration the limitations provided by microwave waveguide technical specs, geometrical shape and dimensions of the TIG torch as well as the temperature monitoring during welding process and video surveillance for data recording. A microwave generator with adjustable power from 0 to 1250 W was coupled with a TIG torch and welding power source in order to establish the main parameters for hybrid system. The preliminary researches reported that the MW-TIG hybrid welding could be applied to eutectic joining of materials using low power (up to 600 W) injected from microwave generator as well as low welding current (up to 20 A). The flow of shielding gas have been established initially to 2 l/m. The research related to stabilization of MW-WIG plasma arc have been studied by increasing the flow of shielding gas up to 10 l/m. The results have shown that the microwave generator and TIG torch can be coupled to obtain hybrid-welding process without any matching tuning devices but with risks for damaging the microwave generator. Further researches will be done in order to design auxiliary devices to optimize the hybrid-welding process and to avoid any unwanted plasma arc discharge from welded base materials to microwave generator. In terms of temperature monitoring, an infrared pyrometer has been used. The IR pyrometer was targeted to the base materials in order to be able to measure their temperature without any influences from plasma arc. The results obtained have shown a stable plasma at average microwave power around 400 W even without any TIG current.

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14

Rodero, Antonio, R. Alvarez, M. C. Quintero, A. Sola, and A. Gamero. "SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF A HELIUM MICROWAVE DISCHARGE PRODUCED BY THE AXIAL INJECTION TORCH." High Temperature Material Processes (An International Quarterly of High-Technology Plasma Processes) 8, no. 4 (2004): 519–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/hightempmatproc.v8.i4.30.

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15

Methling, R., F. Hempel, M. Baeva, T. Trautvetter, H. Baierl, and R. Foest. "On the Interaction of a Microwave Excited Oxygen Plasma with a Jet of Precursor Material for Deposition Applications." Plasma Physics and Technology Journal 6, no. 3 (November 29, 2019): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ppt.2019.3.243.

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<p>A plasma source based on a microwave discharge at atmospheric pressure is used to produce an oxygen plasma torch. An admixture of liquid precursor material is evaporated and injected into the torch through a nozzle, causing oxidization and deposition of doped silica at a nearby quartz substrate. The temperature generated inside the plasma source and in the plume, in the region of treatment, and at the substrate surface are key parameters, which are needed for process description and optimization of plasma-chemical reactions.</p><p>Optical emission spectroscopy, high-speed imaging, and thermography were applied to observe and to characterize the jet behavior and composition. The experimental results are compared with self-consistent modeling.</p>

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16

Itarashiki, Tomomasa, Nobuya Hayashi, and Akira Yonesu. "Characteristics of plasma sterilizer using microwave torch plasma with AC high-voltage discharge plasma." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 55, no. 1S (November 2, 2015): 01AB03. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/jjap.55.01ab03.

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17

Bogdanov, Todor, Ivan Tsonev, Plamena Marinova, Evgenia Benova, Krasimir Rusanov, Mila Rusanova, Ivan Atanassov, Zdenka Kozáková, and František Krčma. "Microwave Plasma Torch Generated in Argon for Small Berries Surface Treatment." Applied Sciences 8, no. 10 (October 10, 2018): 1870. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8101870.

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Demand for food quality and extended freshness without the use of harmful chemicals has become a major topic over the last decade. New technologies are using UV light, strong electric field, ozone and other reactive agents to decontaminate food surfaces. The low-power non-equilibrium (cold) atmospheric pressure operating plasmas effectively combines all the qualities mentioned above and thus, due to their synergetic influence, promising results in fruit surface decontamination can be obtained. The present paper focuses on the applicability of the recently developed microwave surface wave sustained plasma torch for the treatment of selected small fruit. Optical emission spectroscopy is used for the determination of plasma active particles (radicals, UV light) and plasma parameters during the fruit treatment. The infrared camera images confirm low and fully applicable heating of the treated surface that ensures no fruit quality changes. The detailed study shows that the efficiency of the microbial decontamination of selected fruits naturally contaminated by microorganisms is strongly dependent on the fruit surface shape. The decontamination of the rough strawberry surface seems inefficient using the current configuration, but for smooth berries promising results were obtained. Finally, antioxidant activity measurements demonstrate no changes due to plasma treatment. The results confirm that the MW surface wave sustained discharge is applicable to fruit surface decontamination.

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18

Chen, Chuan-Jie, and Shou-Zhe Li. "Investigation of a nitrogen post-discharge of an atmospheric-pressure microwave plasma torch by optical emission spectroscopy." Physics of Plasmas 24, no. 3 (March 2017): 033512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4978948.

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19

Wang, Ting, Ye Song, Bin Li, and Xiao Guang Zhou. "Crosslinked Carboxymethyl Modified Starch for Treatment of Heavy Metals Water by Technique of Chelating-Ultrafiltration." Advanced Materials Research 113-116 (June 2010): 877–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.113-116.877.

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Crosslinked carboxymethyl modified starch (CCMS) was prepared by chemical modification of nature cornstarch. This modified degradable polymer had turned out to be a strong ability to chelate heavy metal ions. Using the instrument of microwave plasma torch atomic emission spectrometer(MPT-AES), 20.00 mg/L of Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cd were detected under the Sewage Discharge Standards requirements after adding 90, 154, 86, 70, 546mg/L of CCMS respectively. The separation of the heavy metal ions and CCMS solutions were used the technique of ultrafiltration, with a molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of 50000. By the same treatment, the chelating sequence of the heavy metals were also measured and decreased in the order of Pb>Cu>Cd>Zn>Ni.

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20

Zhang, Wencong, Li Wu, Junwu Tao, and Kama Huang. "Numerical Investigation of the Gas Flow Effects on Surface Wave Propagation and Discharge Properties in a Microwave Plasma Torch." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 47, no. 1 (January 2019): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2018.2882637.

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21

David, B., O. Schneeweiss, E. Šantavá, and O. Jašek. "Magnetic Properties of γ-Fe2O3Nanopowder Synthesized by Atmospheric Microwave Torch Discharge. Acta Physica Polonica A 122, 9 (2012), ERRATUM." Acta Physica Polonica A 129, no. 1 (January 2016): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.12693/aphyspola.129.168.

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22

Puzanov, O. "Employment of electric torch discharge and a steam-gas generator in surface schooping of materials." RADIOFIZIKA I ELEKTRONIKA 25, no. 4 (2020): 66–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/rej2020.04.066.

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Subject and Purpose. The present paper is concerned with the method of surface schooping of materials using high-frequency torch discharge (HFTD) and glycerol vapor as a base for dissolving activating additives to the working gas. To approach the problem, a steam generator is employed in an effort to improve the HFTD catalytic performance in the activation of surfaces and deposition of coatings on them. The purpose is to develop a design technique of a steam generator intended for making a proper gas environment in the HFTD burning area. The discussed design techniques seek to enhance efficiency of the self-contained steam generator with allowance for its small size compared to the wavelength. Methods and Methodology. The analysis of the glycerol vapor behavior in the HFTD plasma depends on the knowledge of glycerol molecule ionization potential in the electron impact case. To find out about the measure to which the glycerol vapor affects the HFTD current, a known calcium ionization potential is used as a defined point. The heating elements as part of the steam generator are designed in terms of thermal design methodology adopted in the electroheating machine making. The calculation formulas of the running time ratios of the steam generator with various heating elements and energy efficiencies have been obtained in terms of galvanic cell theory. Results. It has been shown that glycerol vapor itself cannot affect the HFTD current. For the HFTD excitation, the microwave region has been chosen. In cooperation with activating additives to the discharge plasma, this factor also adds to the HFTD current increase. Hence, the HFTD catalytic performance depends not only on the HFTD energy and its excitation field frequency but on the glycerol-dissolved additives as well. A special design has been developed for the heating element as part of a small-size steam generator. Reference tables have been composed, enabling one to pick up a prpoper diameter and number of parallel connected wires in the spiral coil. Conclusion. A good use of glycerol vapor as a base for vaporous fluxes and activating additives to the HFTD working gas has been shown. The developed design technique concerning the heating element of the steam generator optimizes its heating circuit. Specifically, it enhances the steam generation and reduces the power consumption of the steam generator running on the galvanic cell. Second, it makes it possible to use stainless-steel spiral heating coils in regime of automatic temperature control.

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23

Zhang, Wencong, Li Wu, Zhuang Liu, Junwu Tao, and Kama Huang. "Experimental investigation on improving the efficiency of power coupling from the incident microwave to the discharge in a plasma torch." Physics of Plasmas 27, no. 3 (March 2020): 033510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5126394.

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24

Ray, Steven J., and Gary M. Hieftje. "Microwave plasma torch — atmospheric-sampling glow discharge modulated tandem source for the sequential acquisition of molecular fragmentation and atomic mass spectra." Analytica Chimica Acta 445, no. 1 (October 2001): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(01)01253-3.

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25

Toman, Jozef, Ondrej Jasek, Miroslav Snirer, Vit Kudrle, and Jana Jurmanova. "On the interplay between plasma discharge instability and formation of free-standing graphene nanosheets in a dual-channel microwave plasma torch at atmospheric pressure." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 52, no. 26 (May 2, 2019): 265205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ab0f69.

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26

García, M. C., C. Yubero, M. D. Calzada, and M. P. Martínez-Jiménez. "Spectroscopic Characterization of Two Different Microwave (2.45 GHz) Induced Argon Plasmas at Atmospheric Pressure." Applied Spectroscopy 59, no. 4 (April 2005): 519–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702053641405.

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A surface-wave-sustained discharge created by using a surfatron device in a tube open to the atmosphere can be used to maintain a microwave (2.45 GHz) plasma at atmospheric pressure at powers of less than 300 W. The TIA ( Torche à Injection Axiale) is a device also producing a plasma that, moreover, permits us to work at high power (higher than 200 W and up to 1000 W). A study of the departure from the thermodynamic equilibrium existing in the argon plasmas created by both devices has been done by using optical emission spectroscopy techniques in order to characterize them and to evaluate their possible advantages when they are used for applied purposes.

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27

Jasiński, Mariusz, Jerzy Mizeraczyk, and Zenon Zakrzewski. "Microwave Torch Plasmas for Decomposition of Gaseous Pollutants." Journal of Advanced Oxidation Technologies 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jaots-2004-0106.

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AbstractResults of the study of decomposition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs including Freons) in their mixtures with either synthetic air or nitrogen, and nitrogen oxides NOx in their mixtures with N2 or Ar in low (~ 100 W) and moderate-power (200-400 W) microwave torch plasmas at atmospheric pressure are presented. Three types of microwave torch discharge (MTD) generators, i.e. the low-power coaxial-line-based MID, the moderate-power waveguide-based coaxial-line MTD and the moderate-power waveguide-based MTD generators were used. The gas flow rate and microwave power (2.45 GHz) delivered to the discharge were in the range of 1÷3 l/min and 100÷ 400 W, respectively. Concentrations of the processed gaseous pollutants usually were from several up to several tens percent. The energy efficiency of decomposition of several gaseous pollutants reached 1000 g/kWh. It was found that the microwave torch plasmas fully decomposed the pollutants at relatively low energy cost. This suggests that the MTD plasma can be a useful tool for decomposition of highly-concentrated gaseous pollutants.

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28

Dong, Tianshu, Lei Chen, and Albert Shih. "Laser Sharpening of Carbon Fiber Microelectrode Arrays for Brain Recording." Journal of Micro and Nano-Manufacturing 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4049780.

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Abstract Microwire microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are implanted in the brain for recording neuron activities to study the brain function. Among various microwire materials, carbon fiber stands out due to its small diameter (5–10 μm), relatively high Young's modulus, and low electrical resistance. Microwire tips in MEAs are often sharpened to reduce the insertion force and prevent the thin microwires from buckling. Currently, carbon fiber MEAs are sharpened by either torch burning, which limits the positions of wire tips to a water bath surface plane, or electrical discharge machining, which is difficult to implement to the nonelectrically conductive carbon fiber with parylene-C insulation. A laser-based carbon fiber sharpening method proposed in this study enables the fabrication of carbon fiber MEAs with sharp tips and custom lengths. Experiments were conducted to study effects of laser input voltage and transverse speed on carbon fiber tip geometry. Results of the tip sharpness and stripped length of the insulation as well as the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurement at 1 kHz were evaluated and analyzed. The laser input voltage and traverse speed have demonstrated to be critical for the sharp tip, short stripped length, and low electrical impedance of the carbon fiber electrode for brain recording MEAs. A carbon fiber MEA with custom electrode lengths was fabricated to validate the laser-based approach.

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