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Journal articles on the topic 'Tor tambroides'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Zulfahmi, Ilham, Yusrizal Akmal, Muhammad Radhi, Muslich Hidayat, and Muliari Muliari. "Comparative osteology of Tor tambroides (Bleeker, 1854) and Tor tambra (Valenciennes 1842) vertebral column (ossa vertebrae)." Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia 20, no. 3 (October 1, 2020): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.32491/jii.v20i3.530.

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Information related to osteology plays a vital role in support ecomorphology and phylogenetic relationship analysis in fish. This study aimed to describe the comparative morphology of the vertebral column between Tor tambroides (Bleeker, 1854) and Tor tambra (Valenciennes 1842). Samples of Tor tambroides and Tor tambra were obtained from fish traders in the Tangse River area of Pidie Regency and Sampoinet River area, Aceh Jaya Regency, Aceh Province. Vertebral column preparation consists of five steps: muscles and scales separation, immersion in a formaldehyde solution, drying, morphometric measurements, photographing and image editing, and identification of terminology. The results showed that there are morphological differences between Tor tambroides and Tor tambra vertebral column, particularly in the axial vertebrae, posterior vertebrae caudales, and urostylus regions. The pleural costae of Tor tambroides have a posterior curve with the left and right sides interlocking. The lateral Tor tambroides process tends to curve posteriorly, while the Tor tambra tends to round up parallel to the dorsal costae. Tor tambroides tend to have stronger ligaments marked by the absence of a foramen between the hypural. Morphometrically, Tor tambroides tend to have higher centrum ratios (length, width, and height), neural spine, haemalis spine, and costae compared to Tor tambra. The significant difference in morphometric results in observed the axial vertebrae and the posterior vertebrae caudales region. Further research related to the correlation of vertebral column morphology with the environmental condition of these fish is still necessary.

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2

Esa, Yuzine B., Siti Shapor Shiraj, Kahirul Adha A. Rahim, Siti Khalijah Daud, Ho Gim Chong, and Tan Soon Guan. "CROSS-SPECIES AMPLIFICATION STUDY OF Tor douronensis AND Tor tambroides USING MICROSATELLITES FROM OTHER CYPRINIDS." Borneo Journal of Resource Science and Technology 1, no. 1 (June 29, 2016): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/bjrst.258.2011.

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This study examined twenty six microsatellite primers developed from three cyprinid fishes (Cyprinus carpio, Barbus barbus and Barbonymus gonionotus) in two indigenous mahseer, Tor douronensis and T. tambroides. A total of 10 (38%) and 12 (46%) primers were successfully amplified producing four and five polymorphic loci in T. douronensis and T. tambroides, respectively. The number of alleles per locus ranging from 2 to 5 and 2 to 7 in T. douronensis and T. tambroides, respectively. A significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was observed at three loci (Barb37, Barb59 and Barb62) in one or more populations in T. tambroides while two loci (Barb37 and Barb62) were deviated in T. douronensis population of Batang Ai. Bayesian cluster analysis performed with STRUCTURE showed that the most likely K value identified was K = 2 with no evidence of population substructuring, similar to those identified by the UPGMA dendrogram. The low genetic distances among populations were also supported by low interpopulation genetic differences (FST) among pairwise populations in both mahseer. Overall, the identified microsatellite loci exhibit promise for use in fine scale population structure analysis of T. douronensis and T. tambroides natural populations.

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3

Yoga, Gunawan Pratama, Kristin Noni Riyanti Buraen, and Sutanto Sutanto. "Acute Toxicity of NH4Cl to Tambra Fish (Tor Tambroides) Fry." Indonesian Journal of Limnology 2, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.51264/inajl.v2i2.21.

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Ammonia is one of the nutrient wastes products which can be toxic to all vertebrates, including fish. Usually, ammonia toxicity is expressed as Total Ammonia Nitrogen (TAN, mgN/L). Tambra fish (Tor tambroides) is freshwater fish with important economic value in some areas in Indonesia. According to overfishing and forest degradation, the fish has become threatened. This research aimed to calculate the LC50 value of ammonia to Tambra fish (Tor tambroides) and estimate NOEC, LOEC, and MATC values of ammonia to Tambra fish (Tor tambroides). This study was conducted using the static test method with two steps. The first stage is a preliminary test, where the preliminary test is observed for 24 hours With five concentrations excluding control. Whereas in the second stage that is carried out, observation for 96 hours with four concentrations excluding control. The Probit test is Performed to obtain LC50 value results, then proceed with ammonia analysis using the Salicylate Test Kit method. The results showed that ammonia had acute toxicity with LC50-96 hour value of NH4Cl against Tambra fish fry (Tor tambroides) in the amount of 354.615 mg/L. Ammonia caused acute toxicity to Tambra fish fry (Tor tambroides).The LC50-96 hour value was 354.615 mg/L in the form of Total Ammonia Nitrogen (TAN) or it was equivalent to un-ionized Ammonia (NH3) of 9.8937 mg/L, while values of the Lowest Observed Effect Concentration (LOEC) and No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) of ammonia on Tambra fish (Tor tambroides) were 578.24 mg/L and 280.18 mg/L, respectively.

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4

Kusmardani, Toni Yulian, Otong Zenal Arifin, Agoes Soeprijanto, and Yunita Maimunah. "HIBRIDISASI INTERSPESIFIK TIGA SPESIES IKAN TOR (Tor soro, Tor douronensis, DAN Tor tambroides) SECARA RESIPROKAL PADA FASE LARVA." Jurnal Riset Akuakultur 16, no. 1 (April 26, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.16.1.2021.1-8.

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Ikan Tor merupakan genus yang potensi dibudidayakan karena memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi. Masalah yang ada adalah lambatnya pertumbuhan dan rendahnya tingkat sintasan benih ikan tersebut dalam jumlah yang memadai untuk pembudidaya. Hibridisasi atau persilangan merupakan suatu upaya untuk mendapatkan kombinasi antara populasi yang berbeda untuk menghasilkan keturunan yang memiliki sifat unggul. Hibridisasi tiga spesies ikan Tor secara resiprokal antara Tor soro (Ts), Tor douronensis (Td), dan Tor tambroides (Tt) dilakukan guna untuk mengetahui keberhasilan hibridisasi beda spesies tetapi masih dalam genus. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dengan enam perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan hasil hibrida. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan nilai derajat pembuahan tertinggi dihasilkan dari hibridisasi Td >< Ts (93,66 ± 1,15%), daya tetas tertinggi dihasilkan dari persilangan Td >< Ts (88,00 ± 1,00%), laju pertumbuhan spesifik bobot tertinggi dihasilkan dari hibridisasi Ts >< Td dan Ts >< Tt (5,62 ± 0,17%; 5,44 ± 0,06%), laju pertumbuhan spesifik panjang tertinggi dihasilkan dari hibridisasi Ts >< Td (1,79 ± 0,11%) dan sintasan tertinggi dihasilkan dari hibridisasi Tt >< Ts (86,00 ± 3,60%). Nilai heterosisyang meliputi derajat pembuahan, daya tetas telur, pertumbuhan benih, dan sintasan ikan sampai umur 41 hari menunjukkan nilai negatif, kecuali laju pertumbuhan spesifik bobot. Hibridisasi berdampak pada meningkatnya jumlah larva abnormal yang dihasilkan dibanding tetuanya (pure breed).Tor fish has the potential to be commercially developed as a farmed fish due to its high economic value and market demand. However, slow growth and low survival rate of the fish larvae and insufficient seed availability for aquaculture farmers are the main bottlenecks to develop a profitable aquaculture for tor fish. Hybridization or crossbreed is an attempt to get a combination between different populations to produce offspring inheriting superior characters. A reciprocal hybridization between Tor soro (Ts), Tor douronensis (Td), and Tor tambroides (Tt) was carried out to assess the success rate of hybridization between the three species. The study used an experimental design with six treatments and three replications to measure and compare hybridization and survival parameters between the species. The highest fertilization rate attained by hybridization Td >< Ts (93.66 ± 1.15%, the highest hatching rate was achieved by Td >< Ts (88.00 ± 1.00%), the highest weight specific growth rate was gained by hybridization Ts >< Td and Ts >< Tt (5.62 ± 0.17%; 5.44 ± 0.06%), the highest lenght specific growth rate was achieved by hybridization Ts >< Td (1.79 ± 0.11%) and highest survival rate was resulted from hybridization between Tor tambroides >< Tor tambroides (90.33 ± 1.52%). The observed heterosis (degree of fertilization rate, hatching rate, growth rate, and survival rate until the age of 41 days) showed that all parameter characters were negative, except for the weight-specific growth rate characters. This study concludes that hybridization have an impact on increasing the number of abnormal larvae produced compared to their parents (pure-breed).

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Do, Thinh Dinh, Nguyen Thi Mai, Tran Nguyen Duy Khoa, Ambok Bolong Abol-Munafi, Hon Jung Liew, Chang-Bae Kim, and Li Lian Wong. "Molecular Characterization and Gene Expression of Glutathione Peroxidase 1 in Tor tambroides Exposed to Temperature Stress." Evolutionary Bioinformatics 15 (January 2019): 117693431985358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1176934319853580.

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Temperature is an abiotic factor that affects various biological and physiological processes in fish. Temperature stress is known to increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that subsequently cause oxidative stress. Fish is known to evolve a system of antioxidant enzymes to reduce ROS toxicology. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) family consists of key enzymes that protect fish from oxidative stress. In this study, full-length GPx1 cDNA (GenBank accession no. KY984468) of Tor tambroides was cloned and characterized by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The 899-base-pair (bp) GPx1 cDNA includes a 576-bp open reading frame encoding for 191 amino acids, plus 28 bp of 5′-untranslated region (UTR) and 295 bp of 3′-UTR. Homology analysis revealed that GPx1 of T tambroides (Tor-GPx1) shared high similarity with GPx1 sequences of other fish species. The phylogenetic construction based on the amino acid sequence showed that Tor-GPx1 formed a clade with GPx1 sequences of various fish species. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to assess the levels of GPx1 gene expression in the liver and muscle of T tambroides under thermal stress. The results indicated that GPx1 gene expression was down-regulated under decreased temperature. However, there was no significant difference between GPx1 gene expression in fish exposed to high temperature and control. Our study provides the first data regarding GPx gene expression in T tambroides under thermal stress.

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6

Andriyanto, Andriyanto, and Eni Yulianti. "Identifikasi Bakteri Probiotik pada Saluran Pencernaan Ikan Semah (Tor Sp.)." BIOEDUSAINS:Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi dan Sains 3, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 120–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/bioedusains.v3i2.1804.

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The purpose of this study was to isolate and identify the type of probiotic potential bacteria in the digestive tract of semah fish (Tor sp.) originating from Batang Merangin river, Jambi Province. Semah fish sampling was carried out at three observation stations namely Batang Merangin river watershed, Station I was located in Talang Kawo Village, station II was located in Guguk Village and station III was located in Muara Emat Village. In Station I, 4 fish were obtained, station II obtained 5 fish and station III obtained 2 fish. The total length of the fish obtained ranges from 16cm-22 cm. Of all the samples of semah fish obtained, all are species of Tor tambroides. Conclusion, the results of isolation and identification of potential probiotic bacteria in the digestive tract of fish (Tor tambroides) living in the Batang Merangin river obtained two genus of probiotic potential bacteria namely Bacillus sp. and Alcaligenes sp. Keywords: Semah Fish, Isolation, Identification, Probiotics

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7

Norfatimah, M. Y., L. K. Teh, M. Z. Salleh, M. N. Mat Isa, and M. N. SitiAzizah. "Complete mitochondrial genome of Malaysian Mahseer (Tor tambroides)." Gene 548, no. 2 (September 2014): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2014.07.044.

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8

Desrita, Desrita, Ahmad Muhtadi, Isten Sweno Tamba, and Jeny Ariyanti. "Morfometrik dan Meristik Ikan Tor (Tor spp.) Di DAS Wampu Kabupaten Langkat, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia." Tropical Fisheries Management Journal 2, no. 2 (May 31, 2019): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jppt.v2i2.26323.

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Penelitian mengenai morfometrik dan meristik Ikan Tor (Tor spp.) di DAS Wampu Kabupaten Langkat Sumatera Utara telah dilakukan pada bulan Juli – September 2017 yang terdapat pada Sungai Bahorok dan Sungai Berkail. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui karakteristik morfometrik dan meristik Ikan Tor (Tor spp.) di DAS Wampu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif post facto dengan penangkapan ikan menggunakan alat backpack electrofishing units dengan teknik pengoperasian multiple-pass depletion. Hasil analisis karakteristik morfometrik metode clustering “Between Group Linkage” dengan menggunakan jarak euclidean menghasilkan 2 kelompok cluster yaitu Ikan Tor tambroides dan Tor soro. Karakteristik merisitik Ikan Tor tambroides: jumlah Linnea Lateralis sebanyak 22-24, Sisik Melingkar Badan sejumlah 14 buah, Sisik Depan Sirip Punggung sejumlah 10-11, Sisik Sekeliling Batang Ekor sejumlah 10-12 buah, Sirip Punggung sejumlah DIII9-DIV10 jari-jari sirip, Sirip Perut sejumlah 9 jari-jari sirip, Sirip Dada sejumlah 15-17 jari-jari sirip, Sirip Dubur sejumlah 2 jari-jari sirip keras dan 6 jari-jari sirip halus dan Sirip Ekor sejumlah 22-24 jari-jari sirip. Tor soro memiliki karakteristik: jumlah Linnea Lateralis sebanyak 22-24, Sisik Melingkar Badan sejumlah 16 buah, Sisik Depan Sirip Punggung sejumlah 8-9 buah, Sisik Sekeliling Batang Ekor sejumlah 10-12 buah, Sirip Punggung sejumlah DII9-DIII9 jari-jari sirip, Sirip Perut sejumlah 9 jari-jari sirip, Sirip Dada sejumlah 15-16 jari-jari sirip, Sirip Dubur sejumlah 2 jari-jari sirip keras dan 6 jari-jari sirip halus, Sirip Ekor sejumlah 22-24 jari-jari sirip.

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9

Wibowo, Arif, and Siswanta Kaban. "REPRODUCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF INDONESIA MAHSEER (Tor tambroides, Bleeker, 1854), IN TWO DIFFERENT RIVERS IN WESTERN SUMATERA." Indonesian Fisheries Research Journal 20, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/ifrj.20.2.2014.49-57.

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The reproductive characteristics of mahseer, Tor. tambroides, were studied in Manna River and Batang Tarusan River, which are located on each side of Western Sumatera River. The reproductive period of T. tambroides is largely consistent with that described for the species in other areas, however monthly variations in the extent and timing of peak spawning are recorded. The analysis of the sex ratio indicates an increase in the percentage of females with size, more marked in largest sizes. Seasonal patterns in the occurrences of spawning showed that the spawning season in Manna River lasted was similar with that in Batang Tarusan River, although a second prominent increase of GSI was observed in April and September in Manna River, meanwhile the GSI of Batang Tarusan River fish were below 2 without an apparent variation. L50s of Manna River and Batang Tarusan River mahseer were estimated as 24.5 cm and 20.66 cm, respectively, indicating a high variability in size at first maturity of the mahseer population. Our study provides some important information on the reproductive biology of T. tambroides that will be helpful in similar studies and contributed to fisheries management of this species.

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Dorin Misi, Josephine, Mohd Salleh Kam, and Mazlinda Musa. "Optimum Dietary Protein Requirement of Malaysian Mahseer (Tor tambroides) Fingerling." Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 14, no. 3 (January 15, 2011): 232–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2011.232.235.

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11

Radona, Deni, Jojo Subagja, and Irin Iriana Kusmini. "KINERJA PERTUMBUHAN DAN EFISIENSI PAKAN IKAN Tor tambroides YANG DIBERI PAKAN KOMERSIAL DENGAN KANDUNGAN PROTEIN BERBEDA." Media Akuakultur 12, no. 1 (August 15, 2017): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/ma.12.1.2017.27-33.

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Protein merupakan nutrien yang sangat berperan dalam pertumbuhan ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kebutuhan protein optimal untuk pertumbuhan ikan Tor tambroides dan pengaruh kandungan protein pakan terhadap efisiensi pakannya. Benih ikan Tor yang digunakan berukuran panjang (1,5 ± 0,1 cm) dan bobot (0,08 ± 0,01 g). Benih ikan dipelihara dalam akuarium berukuran 40 cm x 30 cm x 30 cm dengan ketinggian air 20 cm sebanyak 50 ekor. Selama 40 hari pemeliharaan benih ikan diberi pakan komersil berupa crumble dengan kandungan protein, (A) 25%, (B) 35%, dan (C) 50% sebanyak 20% per hari dari total biomassa ikan, pemberian pakan dengan frekuensi tiga kali sehari. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ikan Tor tambroides yang diberi pakan dengan kandungan protein sebesar 35% dan 50% memiliki pertumbuhan panjang, bobot, laju pertumbuhan harian (LPH), biomassa, nisbah konversi pakan (FCR), dan efisiensi pakan yang sama (P>0,05) dan berbeda nyata pada pakan dengan kandungan protein 25% (P<0,05).Protein is a nutrient is which plays a major role in the growth of fish. This study was aimed to determine the optimal protein requirement for growing of Thai mahseer and the influence of different protein levels of feed on feed efficiency. The average length and weight of fish used were 1.5 ± 0.1 cm and 0.08 ± 0.01 g. The fish were reared in the aquarium (dimension= 40 cm x 30 cm x 30 cm filled with 20 cm of water and the stocking density of each aquarium was 50 individuals. During 40-day reared, seedling fish were fed by commercial crumble with different protein levels, (A) 25%, (B) 35%, and (C) 50%, as much as 20% of total weight every day with a feeding frequency of three times per day. This experiment was conducted by using completely randomized design (CRD) with three treatments and three replications for each treatment. The results showed that Tor tambroides fed diets with protein levels of 35% and 50% was not significantly different on the growth value (length and weight), specific growth rate, biomass, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and feed efficiency (P>0.05) and was significantly different on feed protein levels 25% (P<0.05).

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12

Jaafar, Faizul, Uthairat Na-Nakorn, Prapansak Srisapoome, Thumronk Amornsakun, Thuy-Yen Duong, Maria Mojena Gonzales-Plasus, Duc-Huy Hoang, and Ishwar S. Parhar. "A Current Update on the Distribution, Morphological Features, and Genetic Identity of the Southeast Asian Mahseers, Tor Species." Biology 10, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10040286.

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The king of rivers or mahseer comprises three genera: Tor, Neolissochilus, and Naziritor, under the Cyprinidae family. The Tor genus has been classified as the true mahseer due to the presence of a median lobe among the three genera. The Tor species are widely distributed across Southeast (SE) Asia, and 13 Tor species have been reported previously: Tor ater, Tor dongnaiensis, Tor douronensis, Tor laterivittatus, Tor mosal, Tor mekongensis, Tor putitora, Tor sinensis, Tor soro, Tor tambra, Tor tambroides, Tor tor and Tor yingjiangensis. However, the exact number of valid Tor species remains debatable. Different and unstandardized approaches of applying genetic markers in taxonomic identification and morphology variation within the same species have further widened the gap and ameliorated the instability of Tor species taxonomy. Therefore, synchronized and strategized research among Tor species researchers is urgently required to improve and fill the knowledge gap. This review is a current update of SE Asia’s Tor species, outlining their distribution, morphology, and genetic identification. In addition, the present review proposes that there are ten valid Tor species in the SE Asian region. This list will serve as a template and standard to improve the taxonomy of the SE Asian Tor species, which could serve as a basis to open new directions in Tor research.

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13

Zulfahmi, Ilham, Yusrizal Akmal, and Agung Setia Batubara. "Morfologi tulang belakang (ossa vertebrae) ikan keureling, Tor tambroides (Bleeker, 1854)." Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia 18, no. 2 (February 6, 2019): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.32491/jii.v18i2.329.

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This study aims to describe the axial skeleton morphology (ossa vertebrae) of Thai mahseer’s,Tor tambroides (Bleeker 1854). A 5 kg of 65 cm fish sample were obtained from fish trader in the Tangse River area of Pidie district.. The axial skeleton preparations processed at the Laboratory of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Al Muslim University, Bireuen district. The identification of terminology was done at Integrated Biology Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Ar-Raniry Islamic State University. The keureling’s axial skeleton processed by physically and chemically.. Axial skeleton was arranged into a single piece to analyze every part of it. Every part of axial skeleton documented by using Canon EOS 700D camera and processed by Adobe Photoshop CS3. The labeling of each part of the axial skeleton was done by comparing the similarity of the shape and location of each part of the fish axial skeleton that has been studied previously, either from the same family or from the different family.The results showed that Keureling had four axial vertebrae bones belonging to the weberian apparatus, 19 ossa abdominal vertebrae, 18 pairs ossa costales, 16 ossa caudal vertebrae and one os urostyles vertebrae.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan morfologi tulang belakang (ossa vertebrae) ikan keureling, Tor tam-broides (Bleeker, 1854). Contoh ikan diperoleh dari pedagang ikan di wilayah sungai Tangse Kabupaten Pidie dengan bobot 5 kg dan panjang 65 cm. Tahapan pembuatan preparat tulang belakang dilakukan di Laboratorium Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Al Muslim Kabupaten Bireuen. Identifikasi terminologi tulang belakang ikan dilakukan di Laboratorium Terpadu Biologi, Program studi Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry. Pembuatan preparat tulang belakang dilakukan secara fisik dan kimiawi. Tulang belakang yang telah bersih dirangkai menjadi satu kesatuan untuk dianalisis setiap bagian-bagiannya. Pemotretan setiap bagian tulang bela-kang dilakukan dengan menggunakan kamera Canon EOS 700D dan diolah dengan menggunakan Adobe Photoshop CS3. Penamaan setiap bagian tulang belakang dilakukan dengan cara membandingkan kemiripan bentuk dan letak dari setiap bagian tulang belakang ikan yang telah diteliti sebelumnya, baik dari famili yang sama maupun dari famili yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ikan keureling memiliki empat buah tulang axial vertebrae yang termasuk da-lam tulang Weber (Weberian apparatus), 19 ossa abdminal vertebrae, 18 pasang ossa costae, 16 ossa caudal vertebrae dan satu os urostyles vertebrae.

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Koh, Ivan Chong Chu, Bin Hassan Badrul Nizam, Yazid Muhammad Abduh, Ambok Bolong Abol Munafi, and Shumpei Iehata. "Molecular Characterization of Microbiota Associated With Sperm of Malaysian Mahseer Tor tambroides." Evolutionary Bioinformatics 15 (January 2019): 117693431985082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1176934319850821.

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Malaysian Mahseer ( Tor tambroides) is considered as a good prospect for aquaculture in Malaysia. However, knowledge about Malaysian Mahseer-associated sperm microbiota is still limited, although some studies reported that sperm-related bacteria are a factor in the decline of sperm quality, as sperm may become the carrier of pathogenic bacteria to the egg. The goal of this study was to evaluate the sperm microbiota associated with Malaysian Mahseer from 3 different locations (Universiti Malaysia Terengganu [UMT], Ajil, and Pahang) using polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) fingerprinting and to compare location differences by cluster analysis. Our results showed that the UMT sample had different sperm microbiota composition and a different trend in its relationship with sperm quality. Correlation analysis showed a relationship between bacterial diversity and sperm quality. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that sperm microbiota was composed of diverse phyla, including Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria. Interestingly, bacteria such as Salinisphaera sp., Pelomonas sp., and Staphylococcus spp. were detected in all the locations, suggesting that these bacteria are indigenous bacterial members of the Malaysian Mahseer sperm microbiota, although their function is still unclear.

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15

Akmal, Yusrizal, Ilham Zulfahmi, and M. F. Rahardjo. "Morphology of appendicular skeleton of the Thai mahseer’s Tor tambroides (Bleeker, 1854)." Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia 18, no. 3 (February 9, 2019): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.32491/jii.v18i3.443.

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This study aims to describe the appendicular skeleton morphology (ossa appendicularis) of Thai mahseer’s (Tor tambroides Bleeker, 1854). The samples were obtained from fish traders in the Tangse River area of Pidie district, fish weight about 5 kg and length of 65 cm. The axial skeleton preparations conducted at the Laboratory of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Almuslim University, Bireuen district. The skeleton terminology identification was done at Integrated Biology Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Ar-Raniry Islamic State University. The preparation of Thai mahseer’s axial skeleton was done by physically and chemically processed. Axial skeleton was arranged into a single piece to analyze every part of it. Documentation every part of axial skeleton was using Canon EOS 700D camera and processed by Adobe Photoshop CS3. The structure of fish constituent was named based on some published papers. The results showed that appendicular skeleton of Thai mahseer belonging to a pair of pectoral fin (pinna pectoralis), a pair of abdominal fins (pinna pelvis), the dorsal fin (pinna dorsalis), anal fin (pinna analis) and the caudal fin (pinna caudalis). Thai mahseer has similar morphological characters of appendicular skeleton compared to its family (Cyprinidae) but has some difference when compared to other families (Osphronemidae, Zaproridae, dan Tetraodontidae).AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan morfologi tulang anggota gerak (ossa appendicularis) ikan keureling (Tor tambroides Bleeker, 1854). Contoh ikan diperoleh dari pedagang ikan di wilayah sungai Tangse Kabupaten Pidie dengan bobot 5 kg dan panjang 65 cm. Tahapan pembuatan preparat tulang dilakukan di Laboratorium Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Almuslim Kabupaten Bireuen, sedangkan identifikasi terminologi tulang anggota gerak ikan dilakukan di Laboratorium Terpadu Biologi, Program studi Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Univer-sitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry. Pembuatan tulang anggota gerak dilakukan secara fisik dan kimiawi. Pemotretan setiap bagian tulang dilakukan dengan menggunakan kamera Canon EOS 700D dan diolah dengan menggunakan Adobe Photoshop CS3. Penamaan setiap bagian tulang anggota gerak dilakukan dengan cara membandingkan kemiripan bentuk dan letak setiap bagian tulang anggota gerak ikan yang telah diteliti sebelumnya, baik dari famili yang sama maupun dari famili yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tulang anggota gerak (ossa appendicularis) ikan keureling terdiri atas sepasang sirip dada (pinna pectoralis), sepasang sirip perut (pinna pelvis), sirip punggung (pinna dorsalis), sirip anal (pinna analis), dan sirip ekor (pinna caudalis). Karakteristik sirip ikan keureling relatif sama pada famili sejenis (Cyprinidae), namun terdapat perbedaan apabila dibandingkan dengan ikan dari famili lainnya (Osphronemidae, Zaproridae, dan Tetraodontidae).

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Chew, P. C., Z. Abd-Rashid, R. Hassan, M. Asmuni, and H. P. Chuah. "Semen cryo-bank of the Malaysian Mahseer (Tor tambroides and T. douronensis)." Journal of Applied Ichthyology 26, no. 5 (September 17, 2010): 726–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01552.x.

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Bhassu, S., Y. Bakar, and Z. A. Rashid. "Isolation of dinucleotide microsatellite markers in commercially threatened Malaysian mahseer Tor tambroides." Russian Journal of Genetics 44, no. 8 (August 2008): 1000–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1022795408080176.

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Székely, Csaba, Faizah Shaharom, Gábor Cech, Kartini Mohamed, Nor Atikah Mohd Zin, Muhammad Hafiz Borkhanuddin, Györgyi Ostoros, and Kálmán Molnár. "Myxozoan infection of the Malaysian mahseer, Tor tambroides, of Tasik Kenyir Reservoir, Malaysia: description of a new species Myxobolus tambroides sp.n." Parasitology Research 111, no. 4 (July 11, 2012): 1749–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-012-3020-9.

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Whye Kit Lim, Leonard. "Eco-Economically Indispensable Borneo-Endemic Flora and Fauna: Proboscis Monkey (Nasalis larvatus), Malaysian Mahseer (Tor tambroides), Engkabang (Shorea macrophylla), Sarawak Rasbora (Rasbora sarawakensis) and Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu)." International Journal of Zoology and Animal Biology 5, no. 3 (2022): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/izab-16000381.

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The Borneo Island is the third-largest island and one of the greenest islands on earth. It is the natural habitat to various endemic flora and fauna such as the proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus), Malaysian mahseer (Tor tambroides), engkabang (Shorea macrophylla), Sarawak rasbora (Rasbora sarawakensis) and sago palm (Metroxylon sagu). In this mini review, we ventured into the current research, eco-economical aspects and potentials of each species and further provided future perspectives and recommendations to drive future research to greater heights besides supporting conservation endeavours.

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Subagja, Subagja, and Marson Marson. "IDENTIFIKASI DAN HABITAT IKAN SEMAH (Tor sp.) DI SUNGAI LEMATANG, SUMATERA SELATAN." BAWAL Widya Riset Perikanan Tangkap 2, no. 3 (February 16, 2017): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.2.3.2008.113-116.

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Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keragaman jenis dan habitat ikan semah (Tor sp.) di Sungai Lematang, Sumatera Selatan. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2008.Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode survei di 6 stasiun yang ditetapkan secara sengaja di perairan Sungai Lematang yaitu stasiun Tanjung Mulak, Sungai Mulak, Lematang, Selangis Besar, Air Keruh, dan Endikat. Ikan contoh ditangkap dengan pancing dan jaring dan kemudian diidentifikasi di Laboratorium. Pengamatan habitat ikan dilakukan secara langsung. Beberapa parameter kualitas air diamati di lapangan dan laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada 4 jenis ikan semah (Tor sp.) di Sungai Lematang, yaitu Tor soro, T. tambroides, T. duoronensis, dan T. tambra. Habitat ikan semah di Sungai Lematang di 6 stasiun mencirikan karakteristik yang sama, yaitu arus air yang deras, daerah berbatu-batu, dasar sungai berpasir, dan berbatu, kecerahan yang tinggi ditandai dengan nilai pH 6,5 - 7,0, CO2 bebas 4,4 mg/L, suhu air rendah, oksigen terlarut tinggi (5,7 - 10,65 mg/L) dan kedalaman perairan berkisar 100 - 400 cm.

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Muhammad, N. A., A. Christianu, S. K. Daud, C. R. Saad, S. A. Harmin, and M. Y. Ina-Salwan. "Estrogen-Induced Vitellogenin in Tor tambroides (Bleeker, 1854): Purification, Characterization and ELISA Development." Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 6, no. 7 (October 15, 2011): 700–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jfas.2011.700.714.

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Wibowo, Arif, and Husnah Husnah. "THE GENETIC STRUCTURE OF THEWHITE CYPRINID (TOR TAMBROIDES) POPULATIONS BASEDON COIGENE SEQUENCE ANALYZES." Indonesian Fisheries Research Journal 18, no. 1 (June 30, 2012): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/ifrj.18.1.2012.13-17.

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The study analyzed nucleotide sequences from the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit (COI) gene region (654) to investigate the genetic structure of the white cyprinid (Tor tambroides) among nine populations from the Manna and Semanka Rivers. A total of 36 individuals were collected for this work. Five nucleotides were found to be variable, resulting in 4 haplotypes. Among the nine populations of Melebuy in Semanka River represents the highest level of variability (h = 1.000, π = 0.0015) whereas Kerinjing, Merabung and Kotabumi populations represent the highest level of variability in Manna River (h = 0.667, π = 0.0020). The Batu Aji, Air Sebilo and Kutopadang populations exhibit the lowest level of variability (h = 0.000, π = 0.000). There is an integrated population throughout all sample sites in Manna River. However, the AMOVA analysis provided corroborating evidence for genetic structure obtained from Nei’s genetic diversity statistic and the FST value (0.310), suggested there is genetic divergence among populations of those populations. Of the total genetic diversity, 35% was attributable to inter-population diversity and the remainder (68.92%) to differences within populations. These two approaches produced a picture of genetic structure in Manna and Semanka River. A molecular phylogenetic tree constructed using The Neighbor-joining (NJ) method showed the 4 haplotypes were assigned to two clades associated geographic regions. These results provide basic information for the conservation and sustainable exploitation of this species.

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Ingram, Brett, Stephen Sungan, David Tinggi, Sih Yang Sim, and Sena S. De Silva. "Breeding performance of Malaysian mahseer, Tor tambroides and T. douronensis broodfish in captivity." Aquaculture Research 38, no. 8 (June 2007): 809–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2007.01716.x.

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Mohd Nosi, Mohamad Zaimin, Sharifah Noor Emilia Syed Jamil Fadaak, Muhd Danish Daniel Muhammad, and Shumpei Iehata. "Assessment of gut microbiota in different developmental stages of Malaysian Mahseer (Tor tambroides)." Aquaculture Research 49, no. 9 (July 4, 2018): 2977–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/are.13757.

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Tan, Chun K., Ikhsan Natrah, Iswan B. Suyub, Marilyn J. Edward, Nazrien Kaman, and Anjas A. Samsudin. "Comparative study of gut microbiota in wild and captive Malaysian Mahseer (Tor tambroides)." MicrobiologyOpen 8, no. 5 (October 23, 2018): e00734. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.734.

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Dwirastina, Mirna, and Arif Wibowo. "Tinjauan Karakteristik Sumber Daya dan Strategi Pengelolaan Ikan Semah Tor tambroides (Bleeker, 1852)." Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi 10, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 546. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/bioscientist.v10i1.5129.

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Semah fish is a fish that has high economic value. The population of this fish has decreased drastically. Based on the studies that have been carried out, the problem of decreasing the population of Semah Fish raises management efforts that can ensure the sustainability of fish resources. The method used is direct observation in the field, fisherman's catch, and fish identification is carried out in molecular or DNA sequences. This review was conducted in 2022 on research that has been carried out in Sungai Manna, South Bengkulu Regency, and in Batang Tarusan, Pesisir Selatan Regency in 2012. The aim is to review and review the results of research that has been carried out related to the characteristics of fish management strategies and Semah Fish. . The results of the review on the study showed that the Semah Fish that lived in the Semangka River (Lampung Province), Manna River (Bengkulu Province), and Batang Tarusan River (West Sumatra Province) were identified as Tor tambroides species and constituted an integrated population or reproductive unit in this area. each of these rivers. In addition, it was found that several management efforts were carried out to maintain fish habitat, recommending that the Semah Fish conservation area in the Manna River can be determined, especially the Negara Kaya – Timun Island, the limitations of the size of fish that can be caught, which is more than 245 mm standard for the Manna River. , is greater than 206.6 mm for Batang Tarusan River, and regulates the fishing season in April and September.

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Azuadi, N. M., S. S. Siraj, S. K. Daud, A. Christianu, S. A. Harmin, S. Sungan, and R. Britin. "Enhancing Ovulation of Malaysian Mahseer (Tor tambroides) in Captivity by Removal of Dopaminergic Inhibition." Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 6, no. 7 (October 15, 2011): 740–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jfas.2011.740.750.

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Ismail, M. F. S., S. S. Siraj, S. K. Daud, and S. A. Harmin. "Association of annual hormonal profile with gonad maturity of mahseer (Tor tambroides) in captivity." General and Comparative Endocrinology 170, no. 1 (January 2011): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2010.09.021.

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Azfar-Ismail, Muhammad, Mohd Salleh Kamarudin, Fadhil Syukri, and Kamil Latif. "Larval development of a new hybrid Malaysian mahseer (Barbonymus gonionotus ♀ × Tor tambroides ♂)." Aquaculture Reports 18 (November 2020): 100416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2020.100416.

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Abduh, Muhammad Yazed, Nor Hakim Norazmi-Lokman, Mohammad Syahnon, Gusti Afiz Gusti Roslan, Nurul Hayati Ismail, and Ambok Bolong Abol-Munafi. "Sexual dimorphism of Malaysian Mahseer, Tor tambroides broodstock reared in captivity: Morphometric measurements dataset." Data in Brief 33 (December 2020): 106557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.106557.

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Chew, Poh Chiang, Annie Christianus, Jaapar M. Zudaidy, Md Yasin Ina-Salwany, Chou Min Chong, and Soon Guan Tan. "Microsatellite Characterization of Malaysian Mahseer (Tor spp.) for Improvement of Broodstock Management and Utilization." Animals 11, no. 9 (September 8, 2021): 2633. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11092633.

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In this study, a mixture of Tor tambra and T. tambroides with unknown genetic background were collected from 11 localities in Malaysia for broodstock development and sperm cryo-banking. This study aims to assess the microsatellite (simple sequence repeat, SSR) variation, genetic diversity, genetic differentiation, level of gene flow, population structure, genetic relatedness and their demographic aspects among these Tor populations, in addition to establishing their SSR profile by employing 22 SSR markers via fragment analysis. Total genomic DNA was extracted from 181 samples (91 cryopreserved milt samples and 90 scale samples of live broodfish). Results showed the Tor spp. collection retained their genetic variation but exhibited excessive homozygosity among individuals within population. Moderate genetic differentiation was shown among the populations, with highly significant (p < 0.001) fixation indices (FST, FIS and FIT). A low gene flow over all loci (Nm 1.548) indicates little genetic variation transfer between populations. The genetic structures of all the populations were successfully resolved into four main clusters by an unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) dendrogram generated based on Nei’s genetic distances. The population structures based on principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) and the Bayesian model also suggested four distinct clusters following geographical regions and eight closely related populations. This study provided a useful baseline reference for better genetic management and utilization of the Tor spp. stocks in their breeding and conservation programmes.

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Wibowo, Arif, and Mirna Dwirastina. "GROWTH COMPARISON OF MAHSEER (Tor tambroides) FROM MANNA AND TARUSAN RIVER IN WESTERN SUMATERA RIVER." Indonesian Fisheries Research Journal 22, no. 1 (December 23, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/ifrj.22.1.2016.1-8.

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Mahseer is commonly used as a premium consumption fish with exceptional price, however, these species have encountered dwindle in distribution and abudance. The objective of this study was to investigate and to compare aspects of the interspatial variability of Western Sumatra component growth of mahseer between Manna River and Tarusan River. Mahseer samples were collected from the Manna River, Bengkulu Province and Tarusan River, West Sumatra Province. Monthly sampling was carried out over a period of February to October 2012 in Manna River and February to July 2012 in Tarusan River for detailed growth study. A total of 295 mahseer samples were collected from five sampling sites in Manna River and 495 mahseer samples were collected from three sampling sites in Tarusan River. The results show the ge group population estimation of T. Tambroides from Manna River and Tarusan River based on the analysis of length-frequencies using the Bhattacharya method, resulted in two different age groups. The theoretical growth curve for length from Manna River, the values are L¥ = 50,45 cm, K = 1,90 yr-1, t0 = -0,07 yr-1 and F = 3,684, and for weight, the values are W¥ = 1395,49 gr, K = 0,71 yr-1, t0 = -0,078 yr-1 and F = 6,148. The parameters of the von Bertalanffy growth curve in length from Tarusan River were L¥ = 31,34 cm, K = 1,70 yr-1, t0 = -0,09 yr-1 and F = 3,21 and W¥ = 634,86 gr, K = 0,48 yr-1, t0 = -0,147 yr-1 and F = 5,282 in weight. The length-weight relationship estimated for Manna River was W = 0,000007TL3,086 for females (R2 = 0,9545, N = 91) and W = 0,0037TL1,882 for males. While for Tarusan River, length-weight relationship estimated was = 0,00003TL2,839. Mahseer from Manna River population has better growth parameters than those at Tarusan River.

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Azuadi, N. M., S. S. Siraj, S. K. Daud, A. Christianu, S. A. Harmin, S. Sungan, and R. Britin. "Induced Ovulation, Embryonic and Larval Development of Malaysian Mahseer, Tor tambroides (Bleeker, 1854) in Captivity." Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 8, no. 6 (October 15, 2013): 761–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajava.2013.761.774.

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Ramezani-Fard, E., M. S. Kamarudin, S. A. Harmin, C. R. Saad, M. K. Abd Satar, and S. K. Daud. "Ontogenic development of the mouth and digestive tract in larval Malaysian mahseer, Tor tambroides Bleeker." Journal of Applied Ichthyology 27, no. 3 (November 16, 2010): 920–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01598.x.

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HARYONO, HARYONO. "Biological aspects of tambra fish (Tor tambroides Blkr.) that exotic and rare for its domestication." Biodiversitas, Journal of Biological Diversity 7, no. 2 (April 1, 2006): 195–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d070222.

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Wibowo, Arif, and Siswanta Kaban. "GENETIC VARIATION OF Tor tambroides (Bleeker, 1854) ALONG BATANG TARUSAN RIVER, WEST SUMATERA: IMPLICATIONS FOR STOCK IDENTIFICATION." Indonesian Fisheries Research Journal 21, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/ifrj.21.2.2015.61-66.

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Mahseer (<em>Tor tambroides</em>, Bleeker, 1854) is an important consumption fish species in the Batang Tarusan River, located in the West Sumatera, Indonesia. In this study the CO1 of mtDNA sequence data were used to investigate genetic variability within and between populations of mahseer. Twenty four tissue samples were collected for genetic analysis in the Batang Tarusan River. Genetic analysis revealed two different haplotypes were existed. The overall nucleotide and haplotype variability were low in all sampling sites. Hierarchical AMOVA analysis showed that mahseer populations form a single panmictic population with low FST= 0.02794; p = 0.418 and high gene flow among population sampling. Corroborated result by genetic analysis; there is a strong argument suggesting that the populations could be treated as a single stock unit.

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Muchlisin, Zainal A., Firman M. Nur, Siti Maulida, Luvi Syahfrida Handayani, and Sri Riska Rahayu. "Mahseer, the history of the king of the river." E3S Web of Conferences 339 (2022): 03006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202233903006.

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Mahseers (Cyprinidae) is one of the most important freshwater fish in Southeast Asia. This fish is being a consumption fish, ornamental and sport fishing. Mahseers can grow up to more than 30 kg. Therefore, this species is called The King of The River. This paper reviewed some aspects of this interesting fish. A total of 54 papers have been reviewed where some of the papers come from our Ichthyos Research Group, Universitas Syiah Kuala. There are 50 species of mahseer throughout the world, where 20 species of which are found in Asia. Indonesia has four species of mahseer, namely; Tor tambra, T. tambroides, T. duorenensis, and T. soro, of which two species, T. tambra and T. tambroides are found in Aceh province. Between the two species, T. tambra has a wide distribution. The original habitat of the mahseer fish waters with speed currents, clear water, high dissolved oxygen, and low water temperatures. In the wild, mahseers migrate upstream for spawning during periods of high flooding in the early rainy season. The spawning occurs one or two months at the place that is inundated during floods. Mahseer is omnivorous, they fed on mollusks, aquatic plants, small fish, insects to fruits that grow on the banks of rivers. Mahseer fish in rearing ponds are often attacked by Lernea sp., Argulus sp., Trichodina sp., and Bothriocephalus acheilognathi worms

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Ingram, Brett, Stephen Sungan, Geoff Gooley, Sih Yang Sim, David Tinggi, and Sena S. De Silva. "Induced spawning, larval development and rearing of two indigenous Malaysian mahseer, Tor tambroides and T. douronensis." Aquaculture Research 36, no. 10 (July 2005): 983–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2005.01309.x.

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Lim, Leonard Whye Kit, Hung Hui Chung, Melinda Mei Lin Lau, Fazimah Aziz, and Han Ming Gan. "Improving the phylogenetic resolution of Malaysian and Javan mahseer (Cyprinidae), Tor tambroides and Tor tambra: Whole mitogenomes sequencing, phylogeny and potential mitogenome markers." Gene 791 (July 2021): 145708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2021.145708.

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HARYONO, HARYONO. "The population and habitat of Tambra fish, Tor tambroides (Bleeker, 1854) in Muller Mountain waters Central Kalimantan." Biodiversitas, Journal of Biological Diversity 9, no. 4 (October 1, 2008): 306–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d090414.

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Miyazaki, Yusuke, Yuichi Kano, Yuta Tomiyama, Chika Mitsuyuki, and Zulkafli Abd Rashid. "Ichthyofaunal assessment of the Gelami and Tinggi Rivers, Pahang River System, eastern Malay Peninsula, following construction of an adjacent building complex." Check List 9, no. 5 (October 1, 2013): 1035. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/9.6.1035.

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The fluvial fish fauna of the Gelami and Tinggi Rivers, before and after the construction of a building complex in the adjacent forest, was compared on the basis of a literature survey (covering the period: 1997–2003) and a field survey in 2010. Forty fish species, representing 14 families and 5 orders, were recorded in total, the field survey including new records for Barbonymus gonionotus, Glyptothorax laosensis and Macrognathus maculatus. On the other hand, twelve species, including Osteochilus microcephalus, Luciosoma setigerum, Cyclocheilichthys apogon, Tor tambroides, Acantopsis choirorhynchos, Homaloptera orthogoniata, Clarias teijsmanni, Clarias macrocephalus, Pseudomystus leiacanthus, Mystus nigriceps, Parambassis siamensis and Trichopodus trichopterus, that had been listed previously, were not recorded by the latter. An analysis of the results using McNemar’s chi-squared test indicated that the fish fauna of the rivers has changed significantly following the construction, continuous quantitative monitoring and habitat evaluation being necessary for conservation of future biodiversity levels.

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Kamarudin, M. S., M. Azfar Ismail, F. Syukri, and K. Kamil Latif. "Histo-morphological development of the digestive tract of larval hybrid Malaysian mahseer (Barbonymus gonionotus ♀ × Tor tambroides ♂)." Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences 7, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18331/sfs2021.7.2.1.

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NGUYEN, THUY, MATTHEW BARANSKI, MEAGHAN ROURKE, and HELEN McPARTLAN. "Characterization of microsatellite DNA markers for a mahseer species, Tor tambroides (Cyprinidae) and cross-amplification in four congeners." Molecular Ecology Notes 7, no. 1 (November 9, 2006): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2006.01546.x.

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Ismail, Saufinas, Mohd Salleh Kam, and Ehsan Ramezani-F. "Performance of Commercial Poultry Offal Meal as Fishmeal Replacement in the Diet of Juvenile Malaysian Mahseer, Tor tambroides." Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 8, no. 2 (February 15, 2013): 284–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajava.2013.284.292.

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Azuadi, N. M., S. S. Siraj, S. K. Daud, A. Christianu, S. A. Harmin, S. Sungan, and R. Britin. "Induction of Ovulation in F1 Malaysian Mahseer, Tor tambroides (Bleeker, 1854) by Using Synthetic and Non-synthetic Hormones." Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 8, no. 4 (June 15, 2013): 582–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajava.2013.582.592.

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Bami, M. L., M. S. Kamarudin, C. R. Saad, A. Arshad, and M. Ebrahimi. "Effects of canarium fruit (Canarium odontophyllum) oil as a dietary lipid source for juvenile mahseer (Tor tambroides) performance." Aquaculture Reports 6 (May 2017): 8–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2017.02.002.

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Lau, Melinda Mei Lin, Leonard Whye Kit Lim, Sairatul Dahlianis Ishak, Ambok Bolong Abol-Munafi, and Hung Hui Chung. "A Review on the Emerging Asian Aquaculture Fish, the Malaysian Mahseer (Tor tambroides): Current Status and the Way Forward." Proceedings of the Zoological Society 74, no. 2 (May 5, 2021): 227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12595-021-00368-4.

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., Jalal K. C. A., Ambak M. A. ., Saad C. R. ., Hasan A. ., and Abol-Munafi A. B. . "Apparent Digestibility Coefficients for Common Major Feed Ingredients In Formulated Feed Diets For Tropical Sport Fish, Tor tambroides Fry." Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 3, no. 2 (January 15, 2000): 261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2000.261.264.

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Shafrudin, Dadang, Sulistiono, Charles P. H. Simanjuntak, M. Fadjar Rahardjo, Dudi M. Wildan, Totok Hestiranoto, Thomas Nugroho, and Agus Joko Ismanto. "Development potential of native fish in Batang Toru Watershed, North Sumatra, Indonesia: discussion on the impact of dam development and aquaculture efforts." E3S Web of Conferences 322 (2021): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202132202003.

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As one of the sizable rivers in the Sumatra region, the Batang Toru River is a habitat for various fish species, some of which are potential to be developed as cultured fish. This study was carried out in April, July, and October 2019 in the Batang Toru River watershed of South Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra, to evaluate a potential development of the riverine fish for aquaculture development. The methods used were fisheries surveys and discussions with various communities and related agencies in the South Tapanuli Regency. The data obtained were presented descriptively. Based on the result of data analysis collected in the field, there were several potential fish species to be cultured in this study, including mahseer (Tor tambroides, T. tambra, Neolissochilus soro), catfish (Hemibagrus spp.), and eel (Anguilla bicolor). Some people in the area have also developed the culture of several fish species, such as mahseer and catfish. However, there has been no eel rearing until now, although some locations around the Batang Toru River are suitable for freshwater fish aquaculture activities.

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Esa, Yuzine, and Khairul Adha Abdul Rahim. "Genetic Structure and Preliminary Findings of Cryptic Diversity of the Malaysian Mahseer (Tor tambroidesValenciennes: Cyprinidae) Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA and Microsatellite Analyses." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/170980.

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Abstract:

This study examines the population genetic structure ofTor tambroides, an important freshwater fish species in Malaysia, using fifteen polymorphic microsatellite loci and sequencing of 464 base pairs of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene. A total of 152 mahseer samples were collected from eight populations throughout the Malaysia river system. Microsatellites results found high levels of intrapopulation variations, but mitochondrial COI results found high levels of interpopulations differentiation. The possible reasons for their discrepancies might be the varying influence of genetic drift on each marker or the small sample sizes used in most of the populations. The Kelantan population showed very low levels of genetic variations using both mitochondrial and microsatellite analyses. Phylogenetic analysis of the COI gene found a unique haplotype (ER8*), possibly representing a cryptic lineage ofT. douronensis, from the Endau-Rompin population. Nevertheless, the inclusion of nuclear microsatellite analyses could not fully resolve the genetic identity of haplotype ER8* in the present study. Overall, the findings showed a serious need for more comprehensive and larger scale samplings, especially in remote river systems, in combination with molecular analyses using multiple markers, in order to discover more cryptic lineages or undescribed “genetic species” of mahseer.

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