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1
Tomčová, Renata. "Testování výkonnosti maziv pro kolejovou dopravu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443211.
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Top-of- rail lubricants are an effective way to control adhesion, reduce contact wear and noise in rail transport. However, despite the widespread use of these lubricants, there is currently no standard defining how to test and evaluate their performance. This work aims to develop a methodology for testing top-of-rail lubricants in a laboratory environment using a tribometer in a ball-on-disk configuration. At first, important operational parameters of experiments are analyzed and experimentally tested. These are mainly wear-in and run-in, method of application, roughness and geometric parameters of contact bodies. The result of this work is a testing methodology that guarantees good repeatability and reliability of results. In the last part of this work, the methodology is verified using commercial top-of-rail lubricants.
2
Häßler, Alina, and Bernd Souren. "Which product attributes lead consumers to prefer startups’ products over established companies’ products in the specialty product category? : A study of the electric vehicle market in Germany." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-28013.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate which product attributes lead consumers to prefer startups’ products over established companies’ products in the specialty product category. The research object is the electric vehicle market in Germany and the product attributes that are researched are alignable attributes, non-alignable attributes and the price. Design/Methodology/Approach – Quantitative data was collected via an internet questionnaire by means of the non-probability sampling techniques convenience and snowball sampling. The data of 408 members of the German Generation Y (age 17 – 38) was used to test six hypotheses by applying ANOVA and multiple linear regression analysis. Findings – It was found that established companies possess a pioneer advantage in comparison to startups for the specialty product ‘electric vehicle’. This advantage can be overcome when startups differentiate their electric vehicles by implementing superior alignable attributes, a valuable non-alignable attribute or a lower price. Superior alignable attributes had the strongest positive influence on consumers’ preferences towards the startup’s electric vehicle, followed by the lower price and a valuable non-alignable attribute. Limitations/Implications – This study is limited to investigating consumers’ preferences without focusing on the reasons behind the preferences. Further, the category of specialty products is represented by only one example, namely the electric vehicle industry. Practical Implications – Startups can benefit from the results by adopting differentiation strategies that were found to be successful in overcoming pioneer advantage. Originality/Value – This study contributes to pioneer advantage literature by researching how startups can successfully overcome pioneer advantage in the specialty product category.
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Felekoğlu, Burcu. "Top management involvement in new product development projects." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610097.
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Nyman, Oscar. "Towards a quality control for cloud top pressure and cloud top height products." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-61977.
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Cloud top height plays an important roll in the energy budget and is also important for aviation. This thesis concerns the quality control of cloud top height (CTH) retrievals. The approach for quality controlling retrieved CTH has been using the forward simulating software RTTOV. An error estimation function has been developed as well as an investigation to what simplifications can be done regarding the forward simulations for CTH purposes at SMHI. The purpose of the error estimation function is to validate CTH output from CTH retrieval algorithms by giving a rough error estimate of the retrieved CTH compared to what forward simulations predict. For simplifying the forward simulations the most promising results have been shown for lower clouds. Further testing is still of interest and for future work suggestions are provided regarding the error estimation function as well as for simplifying the forward simulations.
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Pires, Maria Inês Garcia. "Redução do teor de sal em fiambre de peru." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/20952.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina VeterináriaEste trabalho teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento de fiambres de peru com teor de sal reduzido de forma a ir de encontro ao padrão de consumo atual no qual os consumidores procuram produtos mais saudáveis. Os fiambres foram produzidos a partir de peitos de peru e diversos ingredientes de acordo com a receita original da Empresa X. Foram produzidos três lotes, em dias diferentes, do fiambre de peru com o teor de sal total da receita original e do fiambre com redução de 25% do teor de sal. Adicionalmente foi produzido um terceiro produto com redução de 25% de sal mais adição de um aroma comercial. De forma a caracterizar e determinar a vida útil dos produtos foi efetuada a avaliação físico-química e microbiológica dos produtos. Para tal foi estabelecido um período de armazenamento de 36 dias e consideraram-se seis momentos (T0, T15, T21, T25, T30 e T36) de determinações químicas e análises microbiológicas. A análise sensorial foi efetuada com um questionário baseado numa escala Just About Right a um painel de 108 provadores no momento T0 para todos os lotes. Foi ainda efetuado um Teste Triangular em T0 para o lote 2. A avaliação físico-química permitiu caracterizar os produtos quanto ao teor de humidade, cloretos, cor e pH. A contagem de indicadores microbiológicos incidiu em microrganismos Aeróbios totais a 30ºC, Bactérias ácido láticas e Coliformes. A avaliação microbiológica revelou que não existem diferenças significativas entre o fiambre de peru original e aquele com redução de 25% do teor de sal sendo possível reduzir o sal neste tipo de produto sem ter de adicionar outros ingredientes e respeitando o período de vida útil estabelecido de 36 dias. A nível físico-químico as únicas diferenças significativas detetadas foram no parâmetro cor, mais especificamente em L* (luminosidade) e em a* (vermelho). A análise sensorial demonstrou uma aceitação por parte dos consumidores e até mesmo, em alguns casos, a preferência do produto com menor teor de sal. O Teste Triangular por seu lado mostrou que os provadores não conseguiam detetar diferenças entre os dois produtos. O fiambre com adição de aroma não demonstrou qualquer vantagem a nível sensorial. De um modo geral o fiambre com redução de 25% de sal sem adição de qualquer outro ingrediente parece viável sendo que os únicos parâmetros que podem, eventualmente, beneficiar de algumas melhorias são a textura e a suculência.
ABSTRACT - This work aimed to develop cooked turkey hams with reduced salt content in order to meet the current consumption pattern in which consumers are looking for healthier products. The cooked hams were produced from turkey breasts and various ingredients according to the original recipe from Company X. Three batches were produced, on different days, of a cooked turkey ham with the total salt content according to the original recipe and of a cooked ham with a 25% reduction in the salt content. Additionally, a third product was produced with a 25% salt reduction plus the addition of a commercial flavor. In order to characterize and determine the shelf-life of the meat products, the chemical and microbiological evaluation of the products was carried out. For this purpose, a storage period of 36 days was established and six moments (T0, T15, T21, T25, T30 and T36) of chemical determinations and microbiological analyzes were considered. Sensory analysis was performed with a questionnaire based on a Just About Right scale to a panel of 108 tasters at the time T0 for all lots. A Triangular Test was also carried out for lot 2 at T0. The physical-chemical evaluation allowed to characterize the products in terms of moisture content, chlorides, color and pH. The count of microbiological indicators focused on total aerobic microorganisms at 30ºC, lactic acid bacteria and coliforms. The microbiological evaluation revealed that there were no significant differences between the original turkey ham and the one with a 25% reduction in the salt content, making it possible to reduce the salt in this type of product without having to add other ingredients and respecting the established shelf life of 36 days. At the physical-chemical level, the only significant differences detected were in the color parameter more specifically in L* and in a*. Sensory analysis showed acceptance by consumers and even, in some cases, the preference of the product with the lowest salt content. The Triangular Test in turn showed that the tasters were unable to detect differences between the two products. The flavored ham did not show any sensory advantage. In general, ham with a 25% salt reduction without adding any other ingredients seems viable, since the only parameters that may eventually benefit from some improvements are texture and juiciness.
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Höwler, Marcel. "Präparation und Charakterisierung von TMR-Nanosäulen." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-91946.
Full textAbstract:
Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit der Nanostrukturierung von magnetischen Schichtsystemen mit Tunnelmagnetowiderstandseffekt (TMR-Effekt), welche in der Form von Nanosäulen in magnetoresistiven Speichern (MRAM) eingesetzt werden. Solche Nanosäulen können zukünftig ebenfalls als Nanoemitter von Mikrowellensignalen eine Rolle spielen. Dabei wird von der Auswahl eines geeigneten TMR-Schichtsystems mit einer MgO-Tunnelbarriere über die Präparation der Nanosäulen mit Seitenisolierung bis hin zum Aufbringen der elektrischen Zuleitungen eine komplette Prozesskette entwickelt und optimiert. Die Strukturen werden mittels optischer Lithographie und Elektronenstrahllithographie definiert, die anschließende Strukturübertragung erfolgt durch Ionenstrahlätzen (teilweise reaktiv) sowie durch Lift-off. Rückmeldung über Erfolg oder Probleme bei der Strukturierung geben Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie (teilweise mit Zielpräparation per Ionenfeinstrahl, FIB), Rasterelektronenmikroskopie sowie die Lichtmikroskopie. Es können so TMR-Nanosäulen mit minimalen Abmessungen von bis zu 69 nm x 71 nm hergestellt werden, von denen Nanosäulen mit Abmessungen von 65 nm x 87 nm grundlegend magneto-elektrisch charakterisiert worden sind. Dies umfasst die Bestimmung des TMR-Effektes und des Widerstandes der Tunnelbarriere (RA-Produkt). Weiterhin wurde das Verhalten der magnetischen Schichten bei größeren Magnetfeldern bis +-200mT sowie das Umschaltverhalten der magnetisch freien Schicht bei verändertem Winkel zwischen magnetischer Vorzugsachse des TMR-Elementes und dem äußeren Magnetfeld untersucht. Der Nachweis des Spin-Transfer-Torque Effektes an den präparierten TMR-Nanosäulen ist im Rahmen dieser Arbeit nicht gelungen, was mit dem zu hohen elektrischen Widerstand der verwendeten Tunnelbarriere erklärt werden kann. Mit dünneren Barrieren konnte der Widerstand gesenkt werden, allerdings führt ein Stromfluss durch diese Barrieren schnell zur Degradation der Barrieren. Weiterführende Arbeiten sollten das Ziel haben, niederohmige und gleichzeitig elektrisch belastbare Tunnelbarrieren in einem entsprechenden TMR-Schichtsystem abzuscheiden. Eine erste Auswahl an Ansatzpunkten dafür aus der Literatur wird im Ausblick gegebenThis thesis deals with the fabrication of nanopillars with tunnel magnetoresistance effect (TMR-effect), which are used in magnetoresistive memory (MRAM) and may be used as nanooscillators for future near field communication devices. Starting with the selection of a suitable TMR-layer stack with MgO-tunnel barrier, the whole process chain covering the fabrication of the nanopillars, sidewall isolation and preparation of the supply lines on top is developed and optimised. The structures are defined by optical and electron beam lithography, the subsequent patterning is done by ion beam etching (partially reactive) and lift-off. Techniques providing feedback on the nanofabrication are transmission electron microscopy (partially with target preparation by focused ion beam, FIB), scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy. In this way nanopillars with minimal dimensions reaching 69 nm x 71 nm could be fabricated, of which nanopillars with a size of 65 nm x 87 nm were characterized fundamentally with respect to their magnetic and electric properties. This covers the determination of the TMR-effect and the resistance of the tunnel barrier (RA-product). In addition, the behaviour of the magnetic layers under higher magnetic fields (up to +-200mT) and the switching behaviour of the free layer at different angles between the easy axis of the TMR-element and the external magnetic field were investigated. The spin transfer torque effect could not be detected in the fabricated nanopillars due to the high electrical resistance of the tunnel barriers which were used. The resistance could be lowered by using thinner barriers, but this led to a quick degradation of the barrier when a current was applied. Continuative work should focus on the preparation of tunnel barriers in an appropriate TMR-stack being low resistive and electrically robust at the same time. A first selection of concepts and ideas from the literature for this task is given in the outlook
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Höwler, Marcel. "Präparation und Charakterisierung von TMR-Nanosäulen." Doctoral thesis, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 2011. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26102.
Full textAbstract:
Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit der Nanostrukturierung von magnetischen Schichtsystemen mit Tunnelmagnetowiderstandseffekt (TMR-Effekt), welche in der Form von Nanosäulen in magnetoresistiven Speichern (MRAM) eingesetzt werden. Solche Nanosäulen können zukünftig ebenfalls als Nanoemitter von Mikrowellensignalen eine Rolle spielen. Dabei wird von der Auswahl eines geeigneten TMR-Schichtsystems mit einer MgO-Tunnelbarriere über die Präparation der Nanosäulen mit Seitenisolierung bis hin zum Aufbringen der elektrischen Zuleitungen eine komplette Prozesskette entwickelt und optimiert.
Die Strukturen werden mittels optischer Lithographie und Elektronenstrahllithographie definiert, die anschließende Strukturübertragung erfolgt durch Ionenstrahlätzen (teilweise reaktiv) sowie durch Lift-off. Rückmeldung über Erfolg oder Probleme bei der Strukturierung geben Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie (teilweise mit Zielpräparation per Ionenfeinstrahl, FIB), Rasterelektronenmikroskopie sowie die Lichtmikroskopie.
Es können so TMR-Nanosäulen mit minimalen Abmessungen von bis zu 69 nm x 71 nm hergestellt werden, von denen Nanosäulen mit Abmessungen von 65 nm x 87 nm grundlegend magneto-elektrisch charakterisiert worden sind. Dies umfasst die Bestimmung des TMR-Effektes und des Widerstandes der Tunnelbarriere (RA-Produkt). Weiterhin wurde das Verhalten der magnetischen Schichten bei größeren Magnetfeldern bis +-200mT sowie das Umschaltverhalten der magnetisch freien Schicht bei verändertem Winkel zwischen magnetischer Vorzugsachse des TMR-Elementes und dem äußeren Magnetfeld untersucht. Der Nachweis des Spin-Transfer-Torque Effektes an den präparierten TMR-Nanosäulen ist im Rahmen dieser Arbeit nicht gelungen, was mit dem zu hohen elektrischen Widerstand der verwendeten Tunnelbarriere erklärt werden kann. Mit dünneren Barrieren konnte der Widerstand gesenkt werden, allerdings führt ein Stromfluss durch diese Barrieren schnell zur Degradation der Barrieren. Weiterführende Arbeiten sollten das Ziel haben, niederohmige und gleichzeitig elektrisch belastbare Tunnelbarrieren in einem entsprechenden TMR-Schichtsystem abzuscheiden. Eine erste Auswahl an Ansatzpunkten dafür aus der Literatur wird im Ausblick gegeben.:Einleitung
I Grundlagen
1 Spinelektronik und Magnetowiderstand
1.1 Der Elektronenspin – Grundlage des Magnetismus
1.2 Magnetoresistive Effekte
1.2.1 AnisotroperMagnetowiderstand
1.2.2 Riesenmagnetowiderstand
1.2.3 Tunnelmagnetowiderstand
1.3 Spin-Transfer-Torque
1.4 Anwendungen
1.4.1 Festplattenleseköpfe
1.4.2 Magnetoresistive Random AccessMemory (MRAM)
1.4.3 Nanooszillatoren für drahtlose Kommunikation
2 Grundlagen der Mikro- und Nanostrukturierung
2.1 Belacken
2.2 Belichten
2.2.1 Optische Lithographie
2.2.2 Elektronenstrahllithographie
2.3 Entwickeln
2.4 Strukturübertragung
2.4.1 Die Lift-off Technik
2.4.2 Ätzen
2.5 Entfernen der Lackmaske
2.6 Reinigung
2.6.1 Quellen von Verunreinigungen
2.6.2 Auswirkungen von Verunreinigungen
2.6.3 Entfernung von Verunreinigungen
2.6.4 Spülen und Trocknen der Probenoberfläche
3 Ionenstrahlätzen
3.1 Physikalisches Ätzen – Sputterätzen
3.2 Reaktives Ionenstrahlätzen – RIBE
3.3 Anlagentechnik
3.3.1 Parameter
3.3.2 Homogenität
3.3.3 Endpunktdetektion
II Ergebnisse und Diskussion
4 TMR-Schichtsysteme
4.1 Prinzipielle Schichtfolge
4.2 Verwendete TMR-Schichtsysteme
4.3 Rekristallisation von Kupfer
4.4 Formierung der TMR-Schichtsysteme
4.4.1 Antiferromagnetische Kopplung an PtMn
4.4.2 Rekristallisation an der MgO-Barriere
4.5 Anpassung der MgO-Schicht – TMR-Effekt und RA-Produkt
4.6 Magnetische Charakterisierung
5 Probendesign
5.1 Beschreibung der vier lithographischen Ebenen
5.2 Layout für statische und dynamischeMessungen
5.2.1 Geometrie
5.2.2 Anforderungen für die Hochfrequenzmessung
5.3 Layout für Zuverlässigkeitsmessungen
5.3.1 Geometrie
5.3.2 Voraussetzungen für die Funktion
5.4 Chiplayout
5.4.1 Zusatzstrukturen
5.4.2 Anordnung der Elemente
6 Fertigung eines Maskensatzes für die optische Lithographie
6.1 Vorbereitung desMaskenrohlings
6.2 Strukturierung mittels Elektronenstrahllithographie
6.3 Ätzen der Chromschicht
7 Ergebnisse und Diskussion der Probenpräparation
7.1 Definition der Grundelektrode
7.1.1 Freistellen der Grundelektrode
7.1.2 Gratfreiheit der Grundelektrode
7.1.3 Oberflächenqualität nach der Strukturierung
7.2 Präparation der magnetischen Nanosäulen
7.2.1 Aufbringen einer Ätzmaske
7.2.2 Ionenstrahlätzen der TMR-Nanosäule
7.2.3 Abmessungen der präparierten Nanosäulen
7.3 Vertikale Kontaktierung
7.3.1 Seitenwandisolation
7.3.2 Freilegen der Kontakte
7.3.3 Aufbringen der elektrischen Zuleitungen
7.4 Die komplette Prozesskette und Ausbeute
8 Magneto-elektrische Charakterisierung
8.1 Messung des Tunnelmagnetowiderstandes
8.2 Stabilität der magnetischen Konfiguration
8.3 Spin-Transfer-Torque an TMR-Nanosäulen
9 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick
LiteraturverzeichnisThis thesis deals with the fabrication of nanopillars with tunnel magnetoresistance effect (TMR-effect), which are used in magnetoresistive memory (MRAM) and may be used as nanooscillators for future near field communication devices. Starting with the selection of a suitable TMR-layer stack with MgO-tunnel barrier, the whole process chain covering the fabrication of the nanopillars, sidewall isolation and preparation of the supply lines on top is developed and optimised. The structures are defined by optical and electron beam lithography, the subsequent patterning is done by ion beam etching (partially reactive) and lift-off. Techniques providing feedback on the nanofabrication are transmission electron microscopy (partially with target preparation by focused ion beam, FIB), scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy. In this way nanopillars with minimal dimensions reaching 69 nm x 71 nm could be fabricated, of which nanopillars with a size of 65 nm x 87 nm were characterized fundamentally with respect to their magnetic and electric properties. This covers the determination of the TMR-effect and the resistance of the tunnel barrier (RA-product). In addition, the behaviour of the magnetic layers under higher magnetic fields (up to +-200mT) and the switching behaviour of the free layer at different angles between the easy axis of the TMR-element and the external magnetic field were investigated. The spin transfer torque effect could not be detected in the fabricated nanopillars due to the high electrical resistance of the tunnel barriers which were used. The resistance could be lowered by using thinner barriers, but this led to a quick degradation of the barrier when a current was applied. Continuative work should focus on the preparation of tunnel barriers in an appropriate TMR-stack being low resistive and electrically robust at the same time. A first selection of concepts and ideas from the literature for this task is given in the outlook.:Einleitung I Grundlagen 1 Spinelektronik und Magnetowiderstand 1.1 Der Elektronenspin – Grundlage des Magnetismus 1.2 Magnetoresistive Effekte 1.2.1 AnisotroperMagnetowiderstand 1.2.2 Riesenmagnetowiderstand 1.2.3 Tunnelmagnetowiderstand 1.3 Spin-Transfer-Torque 1.4 Anwendungen 1.4.1 Festplattenleseköpfe 1.4.2 Magnetoresistive Random AccessMemory (MRAM) 1.4.3 Nanooszillatoren für drahtlose Kommunikation 2 Grundlagen der Mikro- und Nanostrukturierung 2.1 Belacken 2.2 Belichten 2.2.1 Optische Lithographie 2.2.2 Elektronenstrahllithographie 2.3 Entwickeln 2.4 Strukturübertragung 2.4.1 Die Lift-off Technik 2.4.2 Ätzen 2.5 Entfernen der Lackmaske 2.6 Reinigung 2.6.1 Quellen von Verunreinigungen 2.6.2 Auswirkungen von Verunreinigungen 2.6.3 Entfernung von Verunreinigungen 2.6.4 Spülen und Trocknen der Probenoberfläche 3 Ionenstrahlätzen 3.1 Physikalisches Ätzen – Sputterätzen 3.2 Reaktives Ionenstrahlätzen – RIBE 3.3 Anlagentechnik 3.3.1 Parameter 3.3.2 Homogenität 3.3.3 Endpunktdetektion II Ergebnisse und Diskussion 4 TMR-Schichtsysteme 4.1 Prinzipielle Schichtfolge 4.2 Verwendete TMR-Schichtsysteme 4.3 Rekristallisation von Kupfer 4.4 Formierung der TMR-Schichtsysteme 4.4.1 Antiferromagnetische Kopplung an PtMn 4.4.2 Rekristallisation an der MgO-Barriere 4.5 Anpassung der MgO-Schicht – TMR-Effekt und RA-Produkt 4.6 Magnetische Charakterisierung 5 Probendesign 5.1 Beschreibung der vier lithographischen Ebenen 5.2 Layout für statische und dynamischeMessungen 5.2.1 Geometrie 5.2.2 Anforderungen für die Hochfrequenzmessung 5.3 Layout für Zuverlässigkeitsmessungen 5.3.1 Geometrie 5.3.2 Voraussetzungen für die Funktion 5.4 Chiplayout 5.4.1 Zusatzstrukturen 5.4.2 Anordnung der Elemente 6 Fertigung eines Maskensatzes für die optische Lithographie 6.1 Vorbereitung desMaskenrohlings 6.2 Strukturierung mittels Elektronenstrahllithographie 6.3 Ätzen der Chromschicht 7 Ergebnisse und Diskussion der Probenpräparation 7.1 Definition der Grundelektrode 7.1.1 Freistellen der Grundelektrode 7.1.2 Gratfreiheit der Grundelektrode 7.1.3 Oberflächenqualität nach der Strukturierung 7.2 Präparation der magnetischen Nanosäulen 7.2.1 Aufbringen einer Ätzmaske 7.2.2 Ionenstrahlätzen der TMR-Nanosäule 7.2.3 Abmessungen der präparierten Nanosäulen 7.3 Vertikale Kontaktierung 7.3.1 Seitenwandisolation 7.3.2 Freilegen der Kontakte 7.3.3 Aufbringen der elektrischen Zuleitungen 7.4 Die komplette Prozesskette und Ausbeute 8 Magneto-elektrische Charakterisierung 8.1 Messung des Tunnelmagnetowiderstandes 8.2 Stabilität der magnetischen Konfiguration 8.3 Spin-Transfer-Torque an TMR-Nanosäulen 9 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick Literaturverzeichnis
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Rey-Stocker, Irmi. "Anfang und Ende des menschlichen Lebens aus der Sicht der Medizin und der drei monotheistischen Religionen Judentum, Christentum und Islam." Basel Freiburg [Breisgau] Paris London New York Bangalore Bangkok Singapore Tokyo Sydney Karger, 2004. http://content.karger.com/ProdukteDB/produkte.asp?Aktion=showproducts&ProduktNr=231470&searchWhat=books.
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Wang, Rong. "Effect of e-wom message of opinion leaders on purchase intention of female consumers in China : case of Ddouyin (Tik Tok)." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/18315.
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Mestrado em MarketingCom o desenvolvimento de Internet e social media, há cada vez mais líderes de opinião a expressar as suas opiniões, recomendacões es e outras formas de passa palavra eletrônica (e-WOM) sobre produtos ou marcas na plataforma de social media. Os seus e-WOMs têm uma influência no processo de decisão de compra do consumidor. O objetivo principal da dissertacão é estudar a relacão entre e-WOM de líderes de opinião e a intenção de compra das consumidores femininas chinesas, explorando o efeito da especialidade, confiança, credibilidade do emissor de e-WOM, valor percebido e atitude sobre o produto/marca. Para realizar esse objetivo, uma pesquisa quantitativa foi utilizada para testar as hipóteses; teses de investigacão. Através de distribuicão online, 215 questionários válidos foram recolhidos para análise dos dados. Os resultados revelaram que a especialidade e confiabilidade dos líderes de opinião têm um impacto positivo na credibilidade de e-WOM. A credibilidade do emissor de e-WOM pode influenciar positivamente o valor percebido e atitude em relação ao produto ou marca dado pelo consumidor. A especialidade, valor percebido e atitude em relacão ao produto ou marca tem um impacto positivo na intencão de compra das consumidoras femininas chinesas.
With the development of internet and social media, more and more opinion leaders expressed their reviews, recommendations and other forms of electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM) about the product or brand in social media platforms. These e-WOMs can influence the purchase decision of consumers. Douyin is a short-video social media app and is fast-growing in China where opinion leaders? express theirs reviews and recommendations about a product or a brand which will influence the purchase decision-making process of Chinese consumers. The main purpose of this dissertation is to study the relation between e-WOM message by opinion leaders and the purchase intention of Chinese female consumers, exploring the role of expertise, trustworthiness, e-WOM credibility, product/brand perceived value and attitude. In order to achieve the objectives, a quantitative research was used to test the research hypotheses. Through the online survey, 215 effective questionnaires have been collected and used to process the data analysis. The results revealed that expertise and trustworthiness of opinion leaders have a positive impact on the e-WOM credibility. The e-WOM credibility can influence positively the product/brand perceived value and attitude of consumer. The expertise of opinion leaders, product/brand perceived value and attitude has a positive impact on the purchase intention of Chinese female consumers. The Chinese female consumers put more emphasis on expertise of the message sender. The credible message can shape the perceived value and attitude about product/brand of Chinese female consumers, and thus have an effect on purchase intention.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Takekawa, T. "Chemistry of mesophase formation." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379323.
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Brandt, Rainer. "Demontageorientierte Produktentwicklung : ein Beitrag zur Gestaltung umweltgerechter Produkte /." Düsseldorf : VDI-Verl, 2000. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/324855583.pdf.
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Schulenberg, Matthias. "Der Rückruf des Warenherstellers im deutsch-amerikanischen Rechtsvergleich : zugleich eine Untersuchung über die Notwendigkeit einer gesetzlichen Rückrufregelung in Deutschland /." Frankfurt am Main ;Berlin [u.a.] : Lang, 1992. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/271838159.pdf.
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Bossmann, Marc. "Feature-basierte Produkt- und Prozessmodelle in der integrierten Produktentstehung." Saarbrücken : Univ. des Saarlandes, Lehrstuhl für Fertigungstechnik/CAM, 2007. http://www.gbv.de/dms/ilmenau/toc/54666573X.PDF.
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Lokajová, Aneta. "Analýza produktů elektrického výboje ve směsích vody a etanolu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-401875.
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The thesis is focused on electrical discharge in liquid solutions, in particular in ethanol solutions. In the theoretical section, the plasma is defined along with its important parameters, types of plasma generation and usage of plasma technologies. Main part is focused on the discharges in water solutions. Electric discharges in liquid solutions enable physical processes (shock waves, UV radiaton, electric current) as well as chemical ones (generation of radicals and ions). Both types of the processes are used in many fields – medicine (tool sterilization, destruction of pathogens), consumer technologies (surface adjustemen, processing of the textiles, surface clearing) of environmental protection (clearing water, decomposition of organic compounds). Goal of the thesis was to analyze discharge products on ethanol solution. Multiple samples were measured and concentration od selected products was monitored during the measurement – ethanol, acetone and acetaldehyde. PTR-TOF-MS method was used to collect and analyze the data. This method is well used thanks to quick response and immediate measurement. It produce the reset accurate enough for our purpose. It would be more efficient to use this method in combination with another analytical metohod in the future research, e.g. gas chromatography.
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Södergren, Jacob. "The Impact of a Teracom Group Product From a Life Cycle Perspective." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-118479.
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All kinds of products have economic, social and environmental impact throughout their entire life cycle. Today’s growing need for electronic devices contributes to the increasing problem within these fields. The aim of this study is to investigate and determine the impact of a chosen Teracom Group product from a sustainability perspective and to develop recommendations regarding how to proceed, in order to reduce the impact of products. This study is mainly focusing on the environmental aspect of the concept of sustainability. A life cycle assessment (LCA) of a set-top box (STB) is conducted based on chosen indicators by using the software SimaPro. The goal of the assessment is to identify the phases within the life cycle with largest environmental impact and contribute to Teracom Group’s further sustainable work. 18 impact categories are included to express emissions and use of natural resources. The result clearly shows that the production phase has the largest environmental impact within categories such as terrestrial acidification, human toxicity, freshwater ecotoxicity, marine ecotoxicity, urban land occupation and metal resource depletion. The use phase affects the environment foremost within climate change, ozone depletion, terrestrial ecotoxicity, ionising radiation, agricultural land use, natural land transformation and water depletion. Transports and the waste scenario only have a small effect on certain categories. The experiences of this study are discussed, demonstrating the difficulty in making an LCA in the position of being at the company purchasing products, not at the company manufacturing them. The company has previously not focused enough on sustainability regarding products. An LCA performed by the supplier would be more reliable due to a better possibility of collecting accurate data. Communication and cooperation between the company and its suppliers are key solutions. Higher requirements during procurement should be put on the products, including demands on performed LCAs with clearly described references and methods, critically review by a third party.
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Krüger, Ilona [Verfasser], Tom [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Nilges, and Michael [Gutachter] Schuster. "Synthese von LiCoPO4 via Präzipitations- und Sol-Gel-Methode und Charakterisierung der erhaltenen Produkte / Ilona Krüger ; Gutachter: Michael Schuster, Tom Nilges ; Betreuer: Tom Nilges." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1115332791/34.
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Piovani, Laura. "Study of low environmental coating products: bio-based water products and solvent based products deriving from PET recycling." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
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In this study three different projects are presented.The first consist in the analysis of two different bio resins with which a white and a transparent water-based base coat, a transparent water-based top coat and a water-based hydro-oil are formulated, applied and characterized, replacing the fossil based resins. First, the two bio resins are analyzed in terms of compatibility with other resins, additives and solvents and then the products formulated are characterized in terms of viscosity and chemical resistances. After the application, the products are analyzed in terms of filming capacity. The second project consists in formulating a coating system using the bio resin, suitable for use on bamboo toothbrushes in order to avoid the formation of mold. In particular two different formulations with two different viscosities are tested after having subjected the toothbrush to different pre-treatments based on H2O2 30 volumes, saturated solution of AgNO3. The third project consists in the formulation of two solvent-based clear coating systems: a base coat with a matte top coat and a base coat with a glossy top coat. For both systems an alkyd resin is used, whose fatty acid part consists of olive fatty acids, containing 12-14% recycled PET. The two system are formulated, applied and characterized in terms of viscosity, specific weight, transparency, elasticity, sand ability and chemical resistances. A comparison is made with the same products produced using the fossil based resins.The results show that the products formulated using the bio resins have similar characteristics of the standard resins therefore the bio products can replace the fossil based one. The toothbrushes coated with the coating system using the two new formulations are more resistant to the formation of mold. Finally, the two solvent-based coating system formulated using a resin containing PET can replace a coating system formulated with fossil based resin as they present similar characteristics.
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Tassi, Endre József. "Knowledge-Features für die Produkt- und Technologieentwicklung in umformtechnischen Prozessketten /." Zwickau : Verl. Wiss. Scripten, 2005. http://www.gbv.de/dms/ilmenau/toc/490368212.PDF.
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Ben, Amar Nabiha. "Produits étoile et déformations quantifications strictes." Metz, 1992. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1992/Ben_Amar.Nabiha.SMZ925.pdf.
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On a étudié la structure des tores munis du produit étoile de Rieffel. En particulier on a déterminé leur spectre, leur centre et le type de leurs représentations factorielles. Ce produit est très proche de celui de Moyal mais le théorème d'unicité de représentation des relations de commutation qui dit que la représentation régulière gauche engendre un facteur de type un-infini n'est plus vrai dans le cas d'un tore non-commutatif. Puis on a généralisé la construction faite sur les tores aux groups connexes abéliens permettant ainsi la construction de facteurs de type un-infini, deux-un et deux-infini. Ensuite on a cherché à construire un produit étoile qui soit défini sur tout le dual d'une algèbre de Lie nilpotente, convergent et tangentiel. Une telle construction a été réalisée ici dans le cas des algèbres nilpotentes spéciales. On a défini un produit étoile sur les algèbres des fonctions de Schwartz et des fonctions polynomiales par déformation de la formule de Rieffel, en effet au lieu d'identifier dans cette formule le groupe de Lie et son algèbre par l'application exponentielle, on le fait au moyen d'un nouveau difféomorphisme. Enfin on a défini la transformée de Fourier adaptée et on a relié ceci à la représentation unitaire du groupe de Lie correspondantWe study the structure of the tori equipped with the Rieffel's star product. In particular we determine their spectrum, their center and the type of their factorial representations. This product is like the Moyal product, but the Neumann unicity of representation of commutation relations which says that the regular representation generates a type one factor, is no more true in the case of the tori. Next, we apply the same construction to space of functions on abelian connected groups. We obtain type one-infinity, two-one and two-infinty factors. Then, we try to construct a convergent and tangential deformation quantization on the dual of a nilpotent Lie algebra. Such a construction is realized here in the case of a nilpotent special Lie alegbra, using a deformed version of the formulae of Rieffel. More precisely, we consider a product of exponential, instead of the usual exponential mapping to identify the Lie group with the Lie algebra. Finally we define the adapted Fourier transform and we related it to unitary representations of the corresponding Lie group
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Thomas, Ellen. "Antecedents and Outcomes to Implementing a Top-down Approach to Platform Product Design." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2010. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/99127.
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Business Administration/MarketingPh.D.
This dissertation investigates causal factors that lead to implementing a top-down approach to platform product design as well as performance outcomes from such a design. A top-down approach to platform product design requires intentional planning of a new platform-based product design during the new product development process, incorporating a level of modularity into the new design, and planning derivative products based on common subsystems and interfaces. A thorough review of literature was used to build a theory of platform product design founded on risks and benefits. Benefits are that platform design can drive revenue, introduce cost and time efficiencies, lead to more reliable products and offer managerial benefits in the form of adjacencies. Risks include increased costs and time to market for the first product, reduced revenue due to commonality, sub-optimal product design, and increased management complexity during the NPD process. A conceptual model was then developed encompassing antecedents, contributing factors, and market performance measures to implementing a top-down approach to new platform product design. The model was empirically tested in the context of U.S. manufacturing firms using data collected from 249 manufacturing product design managers. Respondents included managers from B2B firms and B2C firms as well as small and large firms. In order to test the model, a new continuous multidimensional measurement scale of top-down platform product design was developed. Results showed that market turbulence, technological turbulence, a product that is new to the market and competitive strategies of differentiation and design for supportability are positively related to platform design. Firm type - B2B versus B2C - and firm size - large firms versus small firms - was found to moderate this relationship. Regarding firm type, products that are new to the market are positively related to platform design for B2C firms, not B2B firms, while a competitive strategy of design for supportability is positively related to platform design for B2B firms, not B2C firms. Regarding firm size, a competitive strategy of design for supportability is positively related to platform design for large firms, not small firms. These findings suggest that an important predictor of top-down platform design is risk or uncertainty. Results also showed that top-down platform product design is positively related to both short term and long term market performance although this relationship is significantly greater for long term market performance. In the short-term, performance as measured by sales and market share was greater than performance as measured by profits. In the long-term, performance measured by sales and profits was greater than performance measured by market share. Organizational support in the form of management buy-in and cross-functional integration partially mediates the relationship between platform design and long term market performance. Finally, strategic flexibility was found to have an inverse relationship with top-down platform down. Firms lacking strategic flexibility were more likely to pursue a top-down platform design. This is in line with findings that suggest top-down platform design is undertaken when uncertainty is high and strategic flexibility is an advantage These findings contradict conventional wisdom in new product development literature and offer a better understanding of why platform design is important in a way that has not been previously defined.
Temple University--Theses
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Johansson, Elin. "Användningav spill vid produktion av ullprodukter : Utveckling av produkter som tar vara på spillmaterial." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-55269.
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This report describes a Bachelor Theisis of Science in Innovation and Design, conducted by Elin Johansson. The examination project was carried out for Klippan Yllefabrik AB and the work have been directed towards textile recycling with Pernilla Roos as task manager. When producing blankets and throws Klippan Yllefabrik AB have waste material. The projects main point was to generate a solution on how to use the waste material. The solution shall give the company the possibility to use the waste material instead of throwing it away. The work in the project are based out of the designprocess which starts off with a big preliminary study. The preliminary study included mapping trends in the interior- and textile industry, survey of the client's range and what would fit into the current range. Research on textile industry, textile recycling and its development was also included in the preliminary study as it gives a great insight into what is done with textiles being thrown or recycled. The chosen concept was presented through full-scale models.
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Henkel, Christiane. "Das Internet als Herausforderung für Verlage : Online-Produkte im Zeitungs- und Zeitschriftenmarkt /." Wiesbaden : Dt. Univ.-Verl. [u.a.], 2000. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/314707255.pdf.
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Fajkus, Marek. "Návrh změn výrobního systému a inovací produktu pro zvýšení konkurenceschopnosti podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442898.
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The diploma thesis deals with the issue of increasing the competitiveness of the company with a focus on product and production. It compares theoretical knowledge, analyzes the current situation of the selected company, identifies the possibility of introducing innovation within the product portfolio and production system and proposes changes.
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Magalhães, Sandra Carina Oliveira. "Revisão das especificações e dos métodos de ensaio de caraterização do produto Top Series." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/22369.
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Mestrado em Engenharia QuímicaA presente dissertação, realizada durante o estágio na unidade de negócios Amorim Top Series S.A, teve como principais objetivos a análise e revisão dos métodos laboratoriais de controlo de qualidade das rolhas capsuladas, utilizadas em bebidas espirituosas, através da realização de um estudo do seu comportamento face ao ajuste dos métodos ao teor alcoólico real de 40% (v/v) a que as rolhas são sujeitas, bem como o levantamento e posterior comparação da eficácia dos principais métodos de controlo de qualidade presentes nos cadernos de encargos dos principais clientes. Este estudo é fundamental, uma vez que todas as caraterísticas apresentadas no produto final têm de estar de acordo com os requisitos pré-estabelecidos pelo cliente e, por isso, é de extrema importância que todos os produtos sejam controlados com o maior rigor possível, em todas as fases do produto, apostando sempre na melhoria contínua ao longo de todo o processo produtivo. Nesse sentido, este trabalho também servirá de auxílio para o possível desenvolvimento futuro de um novo caderno de encargos específico da unidade. A adaptação dos métodos de controlo de qualidade ao teor alcoólico das bebidas espirituosas, permitiu verificar que, em contacto com um teor alcoólico médio de 40% (v/v), tanto as rolhas naturais como as rolhas microaglomeradas apresentam maior capilaridade, absorção e libertação de partículas quando comparadas com os mesmo métodos realizados segundo as metodologias documentadas internamente que, na sua maioria, são as utilizadas no controlo de qualidade de rolhas para vinhos, que apresentam um teor alcoólico de 12% (v/v), em média. No método de determinação do teor de tratamento presente nas rolhas conclui-se que o tratamento de superfície não é facilmente extraído pela ação da solução de alto teor alcoólico e na determinação do teor de peróxidos das rolhas em solução alcoólica a 40% (v/v) verificou-se que ocorre uma possível reação de oxidação/redução que se traduz em teores de peróxidos inferiores comparando com os obtidos no método interno, utilizando água. Nos ensaios de inserção e extração concluiu-se que o conteúdo da garrafa e a temperatura da mesma são fatores que interferem na força necessária para introduzir e extrair a rolha da garrafa. Através do estudo comparativo da eficácia dos principais métodos presentes nos cadernos de encargos dos principais clientes foram elaboradas possíveis sugestões em três dos principais métodos de controlo de qualidade: teor de tratamento, teor de pó e teor de peróxidos como alterações na forma de como o branco é realizado e na solução utilizada na maceração.
The present dissertation, made during an internship at the Amorim Top Series company had, the following goals: the analysis and review of the efficiency of the quality control methods for capped stoppers, used in spirits, through the realization of a study regarding the methods’ performace using an alcoholic content of 40% (v/v) to which the stoppers are subject; and the study and comparison of the major quality control methods used in the main clients’ specifications. This study has a considerable importance, since all the characteristics featured in the final product must be in accordance with the specification pre-established by the client and, for that matter, is extremely important that all the products are controlled with the highest accuracy, in all the product phases, choosing the continuous improvement during the process. Thus, this work will also serve to develop new specification that will be exclusively for this unit. The adaptation of the quality control methods to the alcoholic content present in spirits allowed to verify that, when in contact with a 40% (v/v) content, the natural cork stoppers and the micro agglomerate stoppers show an increase in capillarity, absorption and dust release, if compared with the same methods made according to the internal methodologies that are usually carried out in the quality control of wine stoppers, that have a 12% (v/v) of alcoholic content. In the treatment content determination method, it is shown that the surface treatment is not easily extracted by the action of the higher alcoholic content in the solution. In the peroxide content determination method of the stoppers placed in the 40% (v/v) alcoholic solution was verified that a possible redox reaction could take place, evidenced by a decrease in peroxide contents if compared with the values obtained using the internal method, having water as the contact solution. In the insertion and extraction tests it was verified that the content and temperature of the bottle are factors that can interfere in the force required to enter and to extract the stopper into and from the bottle. With the comparative study of the efficiency of the major methods shown in the specification from the main clients, some suggestions were made in three main quality control methods: treatment, dust and peroxide content, changing both the way the controls are carried out and the solution used in the maceration procedure.
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Heuking, Hans Joachim. "Werbung im Zusammenhang mit Kunst : eine wettbewerbsrechtliche Untersuchung von Product-Placement in Kunstwerken /." Baden-Baden : Nomos Verl.-Ges, 2003. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/372476368.pdf.
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El, Menjra Anne-Ilham. "Développement d’une méthodologie analytique par spectrométrie ToF-SIMS afin d’identifier l’origine, abiotique ou biotique, de produits de corrosion." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEC024.
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La biocorrosion est le résultat d'une corrosion induite par la présence de micro-organismes et affecte de nombreux secteurs industriels comme l'industrie pétrolière, l'industrie nucléaire, et les matériaux du patrimoine. Lutter contre la biocorrosion nécessite une parfaite identification et compréhension des mécanismes de corrosion impliqués. Ce projet présente le développement d'une méthode d'analyse reposant sur la spectrométrie de masse ToF-SIMS pour distinguer l'origine de sulfures métalliques : abiotique (absence de micro-organismes impliqués dans le processus de corrosion) ou biotique (présence de micro-organismes impliqués dans le processus de corrosion). Les bactéries impliquées dans la formation de sulfures métalliques sont les Bactéries Sulfato-Réductrices,BSR. L'approche est basée sur le fait que les BSR produisent du soufre avec un rapport isotopique (34S/32S) différent du rapport isotopique naturel. Au cours de ce travail, différents sulfures métalliques de référence ont été préparés et analysés par XPS afin d'obtenir la composition de surface, puis par ToF-SIMS pour avoir accès à la composition isotopique des sulfures formés. Finalement, cette étude nous a permis de développer et de valider une méthode d'analyse par ToF-SIMS et une méthode de décomposition des données ToF-SIMS grâce au logiciel de CasaXPS, et également de mettre en évidence des paramètres pouvant influencer la valeur du rapport isotopiqueBiocorrosion is the result of corrosion induced by micro-organisms and affects a wide range of economic activity sectors including oil & gas industry, nuclear industry, drinking water systems, and archeological materials. Fighting biocorrosion requires identifying and understanding the corrosion mechanisms. The aim of this work is the development of an analytical method based on Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) in order to discriminate the origin of metallic sulfides: abiotic (no living organisms involved in the corrosion mechanism) or biotic (living organisms involved in the corrosion reaction). Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria, SRB, are the bacteria leading to the biological formation of metallic sulfides, and thus involved in the biocorrosion mechanism. The approach taken is based on the fact that SRB produce reduced sulfur with a different sulfur isotopic ratio (34S/32S) than the natural isotopic distribution. In this work, standard metallic sulfides were prepared and analysed using XPS in order to obtain the surface composition, and thus using ToF-SIMS for having the isotopic composition of metallic sulfides. Finally, in this study, an analytical method using ToF-SIMS and a peak-fitting method using CasaXPS have been developed and validated. Moreover, different parameters which could influence the isotopic ratio value have been studied
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Schmalz, Jan Sebastian. "Werbung als Unterhaltung : wie Branded Entertainment und Advertainment Werbung mit Unterhaltung verschmelzen /." Saarbrücken : VDM, Verl. Dr. Müller, 2007. http://www.gbv.de/dms/ilmenau/toc/52784487X.PDF.
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Moseschus, Alexander Marcus. "Produkterpressung : ein Kriminalphänomen unter kriminologischer, straf- und haftungsrechtlicher sowie taktischer Betrachtungsweise /." Göttingen : Cuvillier, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/393025489.pdf.
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Fojtíková, Nikola. "Diagnostika plazmatu generovaného v atmosféře simulující podmínky na Marsu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-445140.
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The aim of the diploma thesis was the diagnostics of plasma generated in the atmosphere simulating conditions on Mars. This diploma thesis is focused on the simulation of Mars’ atmosphere at atmospheric pressure and normal laboratory temperature. Due to the similar conditions of Mars' atmosphere with Earth, this planet has been explored in the past as well as up to now. Mars' atmosphere is composed mostly of carbon dioxide, which makes up more than 90 % of Mars' atmosphere. A glow discharge generated in a special reactor at atmospheric pressure at a flow of pure CO2 was used to simulate the atmosphere of Mars. Part of the measurement was performed only in pure CO2 with changing current of 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 mA. Part of the measurements was focused on the study of the effect of the addition of various gases, such as nitrogen, hydrogen and methane, at changes in their flow rates of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 sccm. The products formed in the special reactor were analysed using a mass spectrometer with proton ionization and with a flight time analyser. Optical emission spectrometry was used for plasma diagnostics and composition. Mainly simple aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones were detected. With increasing flow rates of the individual gases, more complex aromatic compounds with higher molecular weights were formed. Corresponding mass and optical emission spectra were measured simultaneously.
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Kästle, Florian. "Die Haftung für toxische Massenschäden im US-amerikanischen Produkt- und Umwelthaftungsrecht /." München : VVF, 1993. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/272141216.pdf.
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Mokrý, Radek. "Aplikace vybraných ICT metod při přípravě podnikatelského plánu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-17009.
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The aim of this work is to outline chosen methods to be applied in developing a business plan for ICT product / service. Work formulates a business plan, project management, theory of constraints (TOC) and Quality Function Deployment. The TOC is mainly devoted to the principles of causality and this principles is applied to the sales and marketing theoretically. The practical section is analyzing the product / service by using the method of Quality Function Deployment, focusing on the application of TOC instruments (clouds and trees) during the prepation of project realization. The last part is the business plan for a specific ICT service.
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Gadelha, Gleice Bezerra de Oliveira. "Elaboração e avaliação de requeijão cremoso caprino com teor reduzido de lactose para consumo combinado com geleia de goiaba." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2016. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/23558.
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GADELHA, Gleice Bezerra de Oliveira. Elaboração e avaliação de requeijão cremoso caprino com teor reduzido de lactose para consumo combinado com geleia de goiaba.2016. 80 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos)-Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2016.Submitted by Anderson Silva Pereira (anderson.pereiraaa@gmail.com) on 2017-06-19T21:29:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_gbogadelha.pdf: 698822 bytes, checksum: 32143c45010b22185bcaa6a03b2eee2a (MD5)
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Goat milk is a food with high digestibility and hypoallergenicity but similar in lactose content when compared to cow milk. The Northeast is responsible for a large production of goat milk in Brazil. However, its potential is not yet fully explored. In view of this fact, the objective of this research was to develop and characterize Goat Cream Cheese with reduced content of lactose in order to present a choice of consumption of dairy product combined with guava jelly for the general public, especially for those interested in products with low lactose content. To define the formulations of the Goat Cream Cheese was used CCRD containing eleven test, two independent variables (concentration of fat and lactase) and two dependent (firmness and stickiness). Of these trials, three formulations with reduced content of lactose containing different amounts of lactase and fat were selected through the data obtained by Response Surface Methodology. Were selected those formulations added by 0.7% of lactase and 64% fat (F1), 0.75% of lactase and 62% fat (F2) and 0.8% of lactase and 60% fat (F3). The guava jelly used to be consumed with the product was made with 50% guava pulp. In goat milk, goat cream cheese and jelly were evaluated physical, chemical and physico-chemical aspects, and the final products were also conducted microbiological and sensory analysis. All the results were statistically evaluated using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The Tukey test was used to compare the means, and the frequency histograms for the analysis of sensorial attributes. Microbiological parameters met the standards established by law. The goat cream cheese formulations conteined low fat content, wherein the formulation F3 were considered light in accordance with specific legislation. The sensory evaluation showed that the three formulations were well accepted for all atributes (appearance, color, aroma, taste, consistency, residual taste and overall impression), with no significant difference at 5% significance level. In the test of the ideal, there was a higher percentage of answers indica stronger aftertaste than ideal. There was no significant difference (p> 0.05) in preference test. Given the above, the combination of goat cream cheese with reduced lactose content and guava jelly was well accepted sensorially, presenting itself as a new alternative product derived from goat milk. Furthermore, the product becomes an option for people with lactose intolerance problems.
O leite caprino apresenta alta digestibilidade e hipoalergenicidade, sendo o seu teor de lactose semelhante ao do leite bovino. O Nordeste é grande produtor de leite caprino no Brasil. No entanto, esse potencial ainda não é devidamente explorado. Tendo isso em vista, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi elaborar e caracterizar Requeijão Cremoso caprino com teor reduzido de lactose, a fim de apresentar uma opção de consumo de produto lácteo combinado com geleia de goiaba para o público em geral, em especial para os interessados em produtos com baixo teor de lactose. As formulações do Requeijão Cremoso caprino foram definidas por meio do Delineamento Composto Central Rotacional (DCCR), contendo onze ensaios, com duas variáveis independentes e cinco dependentes. A partir desses ensaios, três formulações foram selecionadas por meio dos dados obtidos pela Metodologia de Superfície de Resposta: formulações com 0,7% de lactase e 64% de gordura (F1), com 0,75% de lactase e 62% de gordura (F2), e com 0,8% de lactase e 60% de gordura (F3). A geleia de goiaba utilizada para ser consumida com o produto foi elaborada com 50% de polpa de goiaba. Foram avaliados aspectos físicos, químicos e físico-químicos para o leite caprino, o Requeijão Cremoso e a geleia, além das análises microbiológicas e sensoriais dos produtos finais. Todos os resultados foram avaliados estatisticamente por meio do teste de Análise de Variância (ANOVA). O teste de Tukey foi utilizado para comparação das médias, e os histogramas de frequência para análise de atributos sensoriais. Os parâmetros microbiológicos dos produtos atenderam aos padrões estabelecidos pela legislação. As formulações de Requeijão Cremoso caprino apresentaram baixo teor de gordura, tendo a formulação F3 sido caracterizada como light, de acordo com a legislação específica. A avaliação sensorial das três formulações selecionadas na pesquisa mostrou que o consumo combinado de geleia de goiaba com essas formulações de Requeijão foi bem aceito para todos os atributos estudados (aparência, cor, aroma, sabor, consistência, sabor residual e impressão global), não havendo diferença significativa ao nível de 5% de significância. No teste do ideal, houve maior percentual de respostas indicando sabor residual do leite caprino mais forte que o ideal. Não houve diferença significativa (p>0,05) no teste de preferência. A combinação de Requeijão Cremoso caprino com teor reduzido de lactose e geleia de goiaba foi bem aceita sensorialmente, apresentando-se como nova alternativa de produto lácteo, e opção para pessoas com restrição ao consumo de lactose.
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Gaßmann, Peter. "Vergleich der Bestimmungsmethoden des Kristallinitätsindexes von pharmazeutisch verwendeten Cellulose-Produkten /." Berlin : Mensch & Buch-Verl, 2002. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/360075657.pdf.
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Fiorentin, Cristiane. "Adição de oat fiber em produto cárneo reestruturado empanado de frango." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2014. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1059.
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Nos últimos anos tem-se verificado uma mudança no estilo de vida da população em virtude das facilidades encontradas para aquisição de alimentos no mercado, o que tem provocado um menor consumo de alimentos naturais e consequentemente diminuindo o consumo de alimentos com fonte de fibra alimentar. O objetivo desse projeto foi desenvolver um produto cárneo reestruturado empanado de frango adicionado de oat fiber, avaliando as características tecnológicas da fibra insolúvel, elaborar formulações com diferentes concentrações de oat fiber, determinar a composição proximal, cor, força de cisalhamento, microscopia óptica e analise sensorial das diferentes formulações. A caracterização do oat fiber demonstrou que a distribuição granulométrica correspondeu entre 38 e 75µm. A capacidade de retenção de água (CRA) do oat fiber resultou em 3,16g de água por grama de amostra e a capacidade de retenção de óleo (CRO) correspondeu 2,90 g de óleo por grama de amostra. O resultado da composição proximal da oat fiber foi de 9,88% de umidade, 3,39% de matéria mineral, 0,60% de lipídios, 3,06% de proteínas e 83,12% de fibra alimentar. Para a composição proximal dos empanados de frango elaborados com diferentes concentrações de oat fiber (3%, 4,5% e 6%) observou-se que o aumento da adição de fibra provocou uma diminuição nos teores de proteína e umidade, sendo que ocorreu o inverso para os teores de lipídios e matéria mineral, havendo diferença significativa (p<0,05) nas análises de umidade, matéria mineral e proteínas. O conteúdo de fibra alimentar no empanado de frango acompanhou o percentual de oat fiber adicionado nas formulações de 3% e 4,5%, porém a formulação de 6% não correspondeu à porcentagem adicionada, mas manteve-se com o maior índice de fibra alimentar. Todas as formulações poderiam receber na rotulagem o atributo fonte de fibras, segundo a legislação brasileira. Na análise de cor houve diferença significativa (p<0,05) entre as amostras analisadas para os parâmetros de L* e b*, entretanto não houve diferença significativa (p>0,05) para o parâmetro a*. Na análise de força de cisalhamento não houve diferença significativa entre as amostras (p>0,05). Na microscopia óptica, pode verificar que houve uma tendência da gordura se ligar com a fibra vegetal. A análise sensorial demonstrou que as três formulações são iguais entre si, sendo que não foram observadas diferenças significativas (p>0,05) para os atributos de cor, sabor e textura, no entanto, atributo suculência houve diferença significativa (p<0,05) entre as amostras. Todas as formulações apresentaram índices de interesse de compra. Esse trabalho demonstrou ser possível elaborar formulações de produtos reestruturados com bom comportamento diante da adição de fibra insolúvel, com boa aceitação sensorial e oferecendo para os consumidores um produto com fonte alternativa de fibras.In recent years there has been a change in the life style of the population because of the facilities found to purchase food in the market, which has led to lower consumption of natural foods and consequently decreasing the consumption of foods with a source of dietary fiber. The project goal was to developed a restructured meat product breaded chicken add oat fiber, assessing the technological characteristics of insoluble fiber, develop formulations with different concentrations of oat fiber, determine the proximate composition, color, shear force, optical microscopy and sensory analysis of different formulations. The characterization of oat fiber showed that the particle size distribution corresponded between 38 and 75µm . The water holding capacity (WHC) of oat fiber resulted in 3.16 g of water per gram of sample and oil retention capacity (ORC) corresponded to 2.90 g oil per gram of sample. The result of the proximate composition of oat fiber was 9.88 % moisture, 3.39 % of ash, 0.60 % fat, 3.06 % protein and 83.12 % dietary fiber. For Proximal composition of breaded chicken made with different concentrations of oat fiber (3% , 4.5% and 6%) it was observed that increasing the addition of fiber resulted in a decrease in the protein and moisture , and was the inverse to the levels of lipids and mineral matter, significant difference (p<0.05) in the analysis of moisture, ash and protein . The content of dietary fiber in chicken fingers accompanied the percentage of added oat fiber in the formulation of 3 % and 4.5 %, but the formulation of 6 % did not match the percentage added, but remained with the highest fiber intake. All formulations could receive in labeling the attribute source of fiber, according to Brazilian law. In the analysis of color was no significant difference (p<0.05) between the samples analyzed for parameters L * and b *, however there was no significant difference (p>0.05) for the parameter a *. In the analysis of shear force no significant difference between samples (p>0.05). In optical microscopy, can verify that there was tendency of fat to bind with fiber Sensory analysis showed that the three formulations are equal, and there was no significant difference (p>0.05) for the attributes of color, taste and texture, however, juiciness attribute significant difference (p<0 05) between the samples. All formulations showed rates of buying interest. This work has proved possible to develop product formulations restructured with good behavior before the addition of insoluble fiber, with good acceptability to consumers and offering a product with an alternative source of fiber.
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Taylor, Hannah Louise. "Quantitative detection of low abundance gene expression products in individual E. coli cells." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31258.
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Stochastic fluctuations in mRNA and protein copy number between cells are inevitable during the process gene expression, even when cells carry identical chromosomes. Such fluctuations are able to impact the phenotypic fate of the cell, and are known to have greater impact when the copy number of the molecule involved is low. Additionally, up to 50% of proteins in Escherichia coli are present in the cell at a level of 10 molecules per cell or fewer (Taniguchi et al. 2010). As such, quantification of low copy number gene expression products and their distribution in cellular populations is key in understanding the process of gene expression. Currently, there are few techniques that allow investigation with the single cell and single molecule resolution required to study low copy number gene expression products. This work presents a novel method for protein quantification at the single molecule level, Quantitative HaloTag-TMR labelling, and uses the technique to quantify the absolute numbers of the low copy number RecB, RecC and RecD subunits of the bacterial DNA repair enzyme RecBCD, finding each subunit is present at between two and eight molecules per cell with mean numbers per cell of 4.9, 4.7 and 4.5 respectively. Additionally single molecule mRNA FISH was used to quantify the mRNA levels of recB and recD within cells, with means of 0.21 and 0.31 mRNA per cell being observed respectively. Finally this work presents a new method for use detecting both mRNA and protein simultaneously in individual cells by combining the HaloTag and FISH protocols to give HaloFISH. This work introduces two novel techniques that allow for single cell examination of gene expression, and investigates RecBCD expression at the single molecule level.
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Morris, Kelsey A. Morris. "A soy product case study: Taking a functional food from the bench top to the clinic." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1534510603861387.
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Wulf, Volker. "Neue methodische Konzepte beim Einsatz der MALDI-(TOF)-Massenspektrometrie zur Analyse technischer Polymere sowie tensidischer Produkte auf Basis nachwachsender Rohstoffe." Wuppertal Universitätsbibliothek Wuppertal, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1000579972/34.
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Boyer, Jean-Baptiste. "Le théorème central limite pour la marche linéaire sur le tore et le théorème de renouvellement dans Rd." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0075/document.
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La première partie de cette thèse porte sur l’étude de la marche aléatoire sur le tore Td := Rd/Zd définie par une mesure de probabilité SLd(Z). Pour étudier le Théorème Central Limite et la loi du logarithme itéré, nous appliquons la méthode de Gordin qui consiste à se ramener à des martingales. Pour cela, nous utilisons un résultat de Bourgain, Furmann, Lindenstrauss et Mozes nous permettant de résoudre l’équation de Poisson pour des points ayant de bonnes propriétés diophantiennes. Dans la deuxième partie, nous étudions la marche sur Rd\{0} définie par l’action de SLd(R) et nous montrons un résultat de vitesse de convergence dans le théorème de renouvellement de Guivarc’h et Le PageThe first part of this thesis deals with the random walk on the torus Td := Rd/Zd defined by a robability measure on SLd(Z). To study the Central Limit Theorem and the Law of the Iterated Logarithm, we apply Gordin’s method. To do so, we use a result proved by Bourgain, Furmann, Lindenstrauss and Mozes to solve Poisson’s equation at point’s having good diophantine properties.In the second part, we study the walk on Rd \ {0} defined by the action of SLd(R) and we prove a result about the rate of convergence in Guivarc’h and Le Page’s renewal theorem
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Phillips, Martin. "INSTRUMENTATION AND LOGISTICS: INFLUENCING DESIGN AND OWNERSHIP COSTS." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/608739.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 25-28, 1999 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaA program’s success is measured by the three parameters of cost, schedule and performance. This is true of any acquisition program, including instrumentation development and procurement. The primary purpose of Logistics is to influence and reduce the Total Ownership Costs (TOCs) to the Department of Defense while procuring a supportable system that meets the customer’s needs. The time to influence the TOCs is as early in the life-cycle of the program as can be done - where it is cheapest to affect a “fix.” This paper will briefly describe where Logistics influences ownership costs in the acquisition process. Examples of cost drivers identified in the Hardened Subminiature Telemetry Sensor System (HSTSS) program will be provided and the role of Integrated Product Team (IPT) members in influencing and reducing the TOCs will be discussed. This process is not just in the purview of the traditional logistician, but is also performed by each member of the program’s IPT. Each IPT member brings his unique knowledge and experiences to the teams pool of corporate knowledge. Examples will be provided of decisions made by the IPT that reduced TOCs.
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Fuchs, Christian. "Leise schleicht's durch mein TV : [Product Placement und Schleichwerbung im öffentlich-rechtlichen Fernsehen ; eine Inhaltsanalyse am Beispiel von Wetten dass ..?] /." Berlin : Mensch & Buch Verl, 2005. http://www.gbv.de/dms/ilmenau/toc/487536827.PDF.
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Molitor, Harald. "Absatzsystem, Wettbewerb und Marktbearbeitungsalternativen bei verschreibungspflichtigen Arzneimitteln /." Berlin : Logos-Verl, 2000. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/316271969.pdf.
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Sartori, Sergio Birello. "Potencial metabólico de fungos endofíticos de plantas do gênero Anthurium da Ilha de Alcatrazes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11138/tde-29112016-141525/.
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Fungos endofíticos estão presentes em plantas de diversos ambientes e produzem compostos com amplas propriedades químicas e aplicações, tanto na área médico-farmacológica quanto na agronômica. Entretanto, ainda há muito a ser investigado sobre seu potencial biotecnológico, principalmente em locais pouco explorados. As ilhas apresentam um ambiente particular e altamente vulnerável, tornando-as locais promissores na busca de organismos pouco comuns ou ainda endêmicos. Sendo assim, neste trabalho foi realizado o isolamento e estudo químico e biológico de fungos endofíticos isolados de 2 espécies plantas do gênero Anthurium da Ilha de Alcatrazes-SP. Para isto, fragmentos foliares das plantas A. loefgrenii (HRCB 46467) e A. alctrazense (HRCB 46465 - endêmica da ilha) foram inoculados em 10 meios de cultivo com diferentes composições, resultando no isolamento de 106 fungos endofíticos. Por meio de análises químicas por MALDI-TOF-MS e ensaio biológico contra fitopatógenos, foram selecionados 3 fungos para estudo. Estes foram identificados por técnicas morfológicas e moleculares como sendo Penicillium citrinum (P2MSF2F3), Penicillium simplicissimum (P210-4F2) e Aureobasidium melanogenum (P7AF2F3). No estudo dos metabólitos secundários de P. citrinum foi isolado o composto citrinina, o qual apresentou atividade inibitória do crescimento micelial dos fitopatógenos Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (MIC= 125 μg mL-1), Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (MIC= 0,48 μg mL-1), Phomopsis sojae (MIC= 250 μg mL-1) e Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli (MIC= 125 μg mL-1). Outras frações obtidas do meio metabólico de P. citrinum (fração F3a3 e citrinina) apresentaram atividade inibitória (100% de inibição) à formas promastigotas de Leishmania infantum. No estudo dos metabólitos secundários de P. simplicissimum foi obtida a fração F2b, ativa contra L. infantum (100% de inibição), da qual foram isolados os compostos andrastina A e penicisoquinolina, sendo o primeiro relato de sua produção por esta espécie, além de outros 5 compostos ainda não identificados. No estudo dos metabólitos secundários de A. melanogenum foi isolado o composto metil-orselinato, relatado pela primeira vez para este fungo. Do mesmo fungo foi obtida a fração F1d2l ativa contra L. infantum (100% inibição), da qual foram isolados 2 compostos ainda não identificados. Este é o primeiro relato de fungos isolados de antúrios da ilha de Alcatrazes, bem como do estudo de seus metabólitos secundários. Este trabalho apresenta contribuição no conhecimento sobre fungos endofíticos e seu potencial metabólico, com aplicações nas áreas agronômica e médico-farmacológica.Endophytic fungi are present in plants in various environments and produce compounds with wide chemical properties and applications, both in the medical and in agronomic field. However, much remains to be investigated about their biotechnological potential, especially in unexplored places. Islands have a particular and highly vulnerable environment, making them promising sites in search of unusual or endemic organisms. Thus, this work represents the isolation and chemical and biological study of endophytic fungi isolated from 2 species of plants of the genus Anthurium of Alcatrazes island-SP. For this, leaf fragments from plants A. loefgrenii (HRCB 46467) and A. alcatrazense (HRCB 46465 - endemic plant from the Island) were inoculated onto 10 culture media with different composition, resulting in the isolation of 106 endophytic fungi. Three strains were selected to be studied through chemical analysis by MALDI-TOF-MS and bioassay against phytopathogens. These were identified by morphological and molecular techniques as Penicillium citrinum (P2MSF2F3), Penicillium simplicissimum (P210-4F2) and Aureobasidium melanogenum (P7AF2F3). In the study of secondary metabolites of P. citrinum it was isolated the compound citrinin, which showed inibitory activity against the plant pathogens Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (MIC= 125 μg mL-1), Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (MIC= 0.48 μg mL-1), Phomopsis sojae (MIC= 250 μg mL-1) and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli (MIC= 125 μg mL-1). Other fraction obtained from the metabolic extract of P. citrinum (F3a3 fraction and citrinin), showed inibitory activity (100% inibition) to Leishmania infantum promastigotes. In the study of secondary metabolites of P. simplicissimum it was obtained F2b fraction, active against L. infantum (100% inhibition), which were isolated andrastin A and penicisoquinoline compounds, the first report of its production for this species, as well 5 unidentified compounds. In the study of secondary metabolites from A. melanogenum was isolated the methyl-orsellinate compound, first reported for this fungus. From the same strain was obtained F1d2l fraction, active against L. infantum (100% inhibition), from which were isolated 2 unidentified compounds. This is the first report of fungi isolated from Alcatrazes Island anthuriums and the study of their secondary metabolites. This study presents contribution to knowledge of endophytic fungi and their metabolic potential with applications in the medical and agronomic fields.
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Aquino, Froilan Ludana. "Elucidating the solid, liquid and gaseous products from batch pyrolysis of cotton-gin trash." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2425.
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DORFH, NICLAS, ROBERT HJALMERS, and NIKLAS HOFFSTEN. "Small Firm Success Factors for New Product Development : Separating the Best from the Rest." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-112982.
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This thesis examines the process of new product development for small firms, aiming to specify what separate top performers from the rest. Every year, thousands of new products are introduced to the market. Yet, 75 % to 90 % of all products launched suffer from failure. Prevailing theory is founded on examinations on large firms, which differ significantly from small firms in terms of financial and human capital. This gives reason to suspect that prevailing theory fail to serve the specific needs of a small firm. In this study, previous research is summarized in a theoretical framework. A set of survey questions was sent out to 2,287 managers in Swedish small manufacturing firms. A research model was developed to help analyze and interpret the 156 complete responses. 32 significant variables separating top performers from the rest were acknowledged and three factor areas were specified in a framework for small firm new product success. The findings of our study indicate that prevailing theory fail to serve small firms. We conclude that small firms benefit from focusing to simplify rather than adding to refine, and that this is strongly correlated to the limited financial and human resources of a small firm.
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Booysen, Heather-Ann. "The use of the waste delisting process - case study : the management of ferrochrome slag as a construction product in South Africa / Heather Booysen." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4290.
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Ferrochrome slag is a by-product from the production of ferrochrome, an essential component in stainless steel. World wide it is known that ferrochrome slags are been used mainly in the road and civil construction industries, and in producing refractories.
Slag management at ferrochrome producing companies has been influenced by the limited space available and financial cost implications of the siag dumps. In South Africa, according to the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry's minimum requirements, (DWAF, 1998), ferrochrome slag due to its quantity or volume on the disposal sites has been classified as hazardous, as it leaches Manganese (Mn) (33%) above the DWAF minimum environmental requirements acceptable levels. This rating of the slag has therefore put limitations on the use of slag commercially.
This paper investigates the various slag uses proposed which can impact positively on the management of the slag i.e. that would reduce its dumping loads and consequently its impact on the surrounding environment. The uses proposed for are brick and concrete making and road building.
The paper provides results for the proposed slag uses leaching potential, performs a risk assessment to determine its potential effect on the environment and human health as weli as discusses the method used to delist the slag through the South African delisting process. Comments on the process from the DEAT are also provided.Thesis (M. Environmental Management)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.
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Negrão, Adriana Fava [UNESP]. "Efeito da sazonalidade no teor proteico e composição de aminoácidos no pólen apícola produzido em Botucatu, Estado de São Paulo." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96660.
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negrao_af_me_botfmvz.pdf: 363555 bytes, checksum: c16d926de235a96ead7f979f2853aad9 (MD5)Este trabalho teve por objetivo efetuar o levantamento dos tipos polínico presentes no pólen apícola e realizar análises de seus teores proteicos e composição de aminoácidos, em diferentes estações do ano. O experimento foi conduzido no Setor de Apicultura da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Fazenda Experimental Lageado, UNESP, Campus de Botucatu. O pólen foi coletado semanalmente durante o período de setembro de 2012 a agosto de 2013, de cinco colmeias, semelhantes quanto ao número de quadros de cria e alimento, por meio de coletor de pólen frontal. O pólen retirado dos coletores foi misturado, pesado em balança analítica, desidratado em estufa de ventilação forçada, limpo e as bolotas classificadas por granulometria menor e maior que 2,0mm. Em seguida as amostras foram armazenadas em frascos estéreis, os quais foram mantidos sob congelamento para realização das análises. Os resultados foram avaliados por ANOVA, seguido do teste de Tukey para verificar diferenças entre as médias (P<0,05). Pode-se observar que o período do inverno (junho, julho e agosto) apresentou o maior teor proteico total (22,78±3,1%) e diferenças significativas entre granulometrias maior e menor que 2,0mm (20,38±2,6% e 23,58±2,9%, respectivamente). Não foram encontradas diferenças para a composição de aminoácidos no pólen nas diferentes estações do ano. Dentre os tipos polínicos encontrados destacam-se principalmente Asteraceae, Poaceae e Myrtaceae, encontrados em todas as estações do ano, comprovando que as abelhas concentram a coleta de recursos de acordo com a disponibilidade das plantas nas estações
This study aimed to carry out a survey of pollen types present in bee pollen and realize analyzes of their protein content and amino acid composition during different seasons. The experiment was conducted at the Sector of Apiculture, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Lageado Experimental Farm, UNESP, Botucatu. The pollen was collected weekly during the period of September 2012 and August 2013, from five hives, similar to the number of frames of brood and food through frontal collector pollen. The pollen from the collectors was mixed, weighed on an analytical balance, dried in an oven with forced ventilation, cleaned and acorns classified by grain size smaller and larger than 2.0 mm. Then the samples were stored in sterile vials which were kept under freezing for analyzes. The results were evaluated by ANOVA followed by Tukey's test to check for differences between means (P <0.05). It can be observed that the winter period (June, July, August) showed the largest total protein content (22.78% ± 3.1) and also significant differences when compared particle sizes greater than 2.0 mm and less than 2.0 mm (20.38 ± 2.6 ± 2.9% and 23.58%, respectively). No differences in the amino acid composition between the year seasons in bee pollen were found. Among the pollen types found stand out mainly Asteraceae, Poaceae and Myrtaceae, which were found in all seasons, proving that bees concentrated collection of resources according to the availability of plants in the seasons
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Negrão, Adriana Fava 1988. "Efeito da sazonalidade no teor proteico e composição de aminoácidos no pólen apícola produzido em Botucatu, Estado de São Paulo /." Botucatu, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96660.
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Orientador: Ricardo De Oliveira OrsiBanca: Simone Fernandes
Banca: Carlos Nordi
Resumo: Este trabalho teve por objetivo efetuar o levantamento dos tipos polínico presentes no pólen apícola e realizar análises de seus teores proteicos e composição de aminoácidos, em diferentes estações do ano. O experimento foi conduzido no Setor de Apicultura da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Fazenda Experimental Lageado, UNESP, Campus de Botucatu. O pólen foi coletado semanalmente durante o período de setembro de 2012 a agosto de 2013, de cinco colmeias, semelhantes quanto ao número de quadros de cria e alimento, por meio de coletor de pólen frontal. O pólen retirado dos coletores foi misturado, pesado em balança analítica, desidratado em estufa de ventilação forçada, limpo e as bolotas classificadas por granulometria menor e maior que 2,0mm. Em seguida as amostras foram armazenadas em frascos estéreis, os quais foram mantidos sob congelamento para realização das análises. Os resultados foram avaliados por ANOVA, seguido do teste de Tukey para verificar diferenças entre as médias (P<0,05). Pode-se observar que o período do inverno (junho, julho e agosto) apresentou o maior teor proteico total (22,78±3,1%) e diferenças significativas entre granulometrias maior e menor que 2,0mm (20,38±2,6% e 23,58±2,9%, respectivamente). Não foram encontradas diferenças para a composição de aminoácidos no pólen nas diferentes estações do ano. Dentre os tipos polínicos encontrados destacam-se principalmente Asteraceae, Poaceae e Myrtaceae, encontrados em todas as estações do ano, comprovando que as abelhas concentram a coleta de recursos de acordo com a disponibilidade das plantas nas estações
Abstract: This study aimed to carry out a survey of pollen types present in bee pollen and realize analyzes of their protein content and amino acid composition during different seasons. The experiment was conducted at the Sector of Apiculture, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Lageado Experimental Farm, UNESP, Botucatu. The pollen was collected weekly during the period of September 2012 and August 2013, from five hives, similar to the number of frames of brood and food through frontal collector pollen. The pollen from the collectors was mixed, weighed on an analytical balance, dried in an oven with forced ventilation, cleaned and acorns classified by grain size smaller and larger than 2.0 mm. Then the samples were stored in sterile vials which were kept under freezing for analyzes. The results were evaluated by ANOVA followed by Tukey's test to check for differences between means (P <0.05). It can be observed that the winter period (June, July, August) showed the largest total protein content (22.78% ± 3.1) and also significant differences when compared particle sizes greater than 2.0 mm and less than 2.0 mm (20.38 ± 2.6 ± 2.9% and 23.58%, respectively). No differences in the amino acid composition between the year seasons in bee pollen were found. Among the pollen types found stand out mainly Asteraceae, Poaceae and Myrtaceae, which were found in all seasons, proving that bees concentrated collection of resources according to the availability of plants in the seasons
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Berenguel, Montoro Rubén. "The Parametrisation method for invariant manifolds of tori in Skew-product lattices and an entire transcendental family with a persistent Siegel disk." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396126.
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In this thesis we consider two different problems in the theory of dynamical systems. Dynamical systems cover a wide array of subjects, from finite dimensional to infinite dimensional, from analytic to statistical viewpoints and through all gradations in-between. No matter the aspect or tool considered, the study of any dynamical system is concerned in some way or another with the evolution of points through the action of a map.
The simplest question to ask of a dynamical system is then which points are invariant? Once we have an answer to this question we can proceed to study the dynamics in a neighborhood of them. In general we find invariant subsets containing the fixed point which provide very relevant information.En aquest treball considerem dos problemes en la teoria dels sistemes dinàmics. El camp dels sistemes dinàmics abarca un ampli espectre de temes, des de sistemes finit dimensionals a infinit dimensionals, des de punts de vista analítics a estadístics, amb totes les possibles gradacions intermitges. Obviant l’aspecte o eina considerats, l’estudi de qualsevol sistema dinàmic es centra, d’una manera o una altra, en l’estudi de l’evolució de punts sota l’acció d’una aplicación. La pregunta més simple que podem fer-li a un sistema dinàmic és: ¿llavors quins punts són invariants? Un cop en tenim una resposta podem passar a estudiar la dinàmica en un entorn d’ells. En general, hi trobem conjunts invariants que contenen els punts fixos, i que ens proveeixen d’informació molt rellevant.
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Linnosmaa, Ismo. "Essays on product market competition and managerial incentives in oligopoly firms /." Kuopio : Kuopion yliopisto, 2001. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy035/2002507609.html.
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Gunzenhauser, Martin. "Platform concepts for the systems business : design and development of global product platforms /." Düsseldorf : VDI-Verl, 2008. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/57181302X.pdf.
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