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1

Slavkin, Harold. "Tooth Development." Advances in Dental Research 9, no. 3_suppl (November 1995): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0895937495009003s0201.

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2

Moxham, B. J., and R. G. Oliver. "Early tooth development." Current Paediatrics 9, no. 4 (December 1999): 252–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/cupe.1999.0032.

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3

Richman, Joy M., and Gregory R. Handrigan. "Reptilian tooth development." genesis 49, no. 4 (April 2011): 247–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.20721.

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4

Vignesh, V., N. Babu, N. Balachander, and L. Malathi. "Genes in Tooth Development." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 8, october Spl Edition (October 22, 2015): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/664.

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5

Rufini, Alessandro, Alberto Barlattani, Raffaella Docimo, Tania Velletri, Maria Victoria Niklison-Chirou, Massimiliano Agostini, and Gerry Melino. "p63 in tooth development." Biochemical Pharmacology 82, no. 10 (November 2011): 1256–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2011.07.068.

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6

Sanjiv Neupane, 권기정, 박종훈, 김재영, 김호준, 김기림, 이영균, 손원주, and 신성민. "Implications of tooth development and evolution for tooth regeneration." Korean Journal of Oral Anatomy 35, no. 1 (December 2014): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.35607/kjoa.35.1.201412.004.

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7

Khuu, Cuong, Minou Nirvani, Tor Utheim, and Amer Sehic. "MicroRNAs: Modulators of Tooth Development." MicroRNA 5, no. 2 (November 8, 2016): 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2211536605666160706003256.

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8

Noji, Sumihare. "Molecular Mechanisms of Tooth Development." Japanese Journal of Oral Biology 39, no. 3 (1997): 189–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.2330/joralbiosci1965.39.189.

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9

Raloff, Janet. "Dioxin Can Harm Tooth Development." Science News 155, no. 8 (February 20, 1999): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4011284.

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10

Thesleff, I., and T. Åberg. "Molecular regulation of tooth development." Bone 25, no. 1 (July 1999): 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s8756-3282(99)00119-2.

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11

Ohazama, Atsushi, and Paul T. Sharpe. "TNF signalling in tooth development." Current Opinion in Genetics & Development 14, no. 5 (October 2004): 513–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gde.2004.07.008.

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12

Bei, Marianna. "Molecular genetics of tooth development." Current Opinion in Genetics & Development 19, no. 5 (October 2009): 504–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gde.2009.09.002.

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13

Lesot, H., and A. H. Brook. "Epithelial histogenesis during tooth development." Archives of Oral Biology 54 (December 2009): S25—S33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2008.05.019.

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14

Goyal, Manish, Mukesh Kumar, Amandeep Kaur, and Madhur Sharma. "Root resorption and tooth development." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 158, no. 4 (October 2020): 472. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2020.06.021.

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15

Guo, W., Z. Fan, S. Wang, and J. Du. "ALK5 is essential for tooth germ differentiation during tooth development." Biotechnic & Histochemistry 94, no. 7 (May 30, 2019): 481–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10520295.2018.1552018.

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16

Ohira, T., D. Spear, N. Azimi, V. Andreeva, and P. C. Yelick. "Chemerin-ChemR23 Signaling in Tooth Development." Journal of Dental Research 91, no. 12 (October 9, 2012): 1147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034512464777.

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Our long-term goal is to identify and characterize molecular mechanisms regulating tooth development, including those mediating the critical dental epithelial-dental mesenchymal (DE-DM) cell interactions required for normal tooth development. The goal of this study was to investigate Chemerin (Rarres2)/ChemR23(Cmklr1) signaling in DE-DM cell interactions in normal tooth development. Here we present, for the first time, tissue-specific expression patterns of Chemerin and ChemR23 in mouse tooth development. We show that Chemerin is expressed in cultured DE progenitor cells, while ChemR23 is expressed in cultured DM cells. Moreover, we demonstrate that ribosomal protein S6 (rS6) and Akt, downstream targets of Chemerin/ChemR23 signaling, are phosphorylated in response to Chemerin/ChemR23 signaling in vitro and are expressed in mouse tooth development. Together, these results suggest roles for Chemerin/ChemR23-mediated DE-DM cell signaling during tooth morphogenesis.
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17

Maas, R., and M. Bei. "The Genetic Control of Early Tooth Development." Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine 8, no. 1 (January 1997): 4–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10454411970080010101.

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Most vertebrate organs begin their initial formation by a common, developmentally conserved pattern of inductive tissue interactions between two tissues. The developing tooth germ is a prototype for such inductive tissue interactions and provides a powerful experimental system for elucidation of the genetic pathways involved in organogenesis. Members of the Msx homeobox gene family are expressed at sites of epithelial-mesenchymal interaction during embryogenesis, including the tooth. The important role that Msx genes play in tooth development is exemplified by mice lacking Msx gene function. Msxldeficient mice exhibit an arrest in tooth development at the bud stage, while Msx2-deficient mice exhibit late defects in tooth development. The co-expression of Msx, Bmp, L ef1, and Activin βA genes and the coincidence of tooth phenotypes in the various knockout mice suggest that these genes reside within a common genetic pathway. Results summarized here indicate that Msx1 is required for the transmission of Bmp4 expression from dental epithelium to mesenchyme and also for L ef1 expression. In addition, we consider the role of other signaling molecules in the epithelial-mesenchymal interactions leading to tooth formation, the role that transcription factors such as Msx play in the propagation of inductive signals, and the role of extracellular matrix. Last, as a unifying mechanism to explain the disparate tooth phenotypes in Msxl- and Msx2-deficient mice, we propose that later steps in tooth morphogenesis molecularly resemble those in early tooth development.
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18

Herchak, V., I. Hrynovets, T. Shostak, and V. Hrynovets. "Composition, technology and research development dental powder." SUCHASNA STOMATOLOHIYA 108, no. 5 (2021): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33295/1992-576x-2021-5-18.

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Summary. Oral hygiene is a complex set of preventive measures that involve usage of objects and means aimed at preventing the development of pathological processes in the oral cavity. For oral hygiene, a complex of products is used: tooth powders, pastes, gels, rinses, elixirs, balsams, chewing gum and care items – toothbrushes, dental floss, intradental brushes and toothpicks. Tooth powders are made from chemically precipitated chalk (calcium or magnesium carbonate), both abrasive components and various excipients (biologically active substances, fillers, adsorbents, flavors, bleaches, dyes, flavors, anti-inflammatory and flavor components). Hygienic form in the form of tooth powder in comparison with other forms of release (balms, gels, solutions, pastes) has the ability to better clean the tooth enamel surface. Powder such a tool cleans the surface of the teeth not only from soft plaque, but also from hard, and also neutralizes the acids formed in the oral cavity, thus regulating the microbiocenosis. In addition, it has disinfectant and deodorizing properties. The conducted researches allowed to develop the optimized structure, technology of hygienic for itself in the form of tooth powder. Tooth powder with extract Salvia officinalis will prevent diseases of the oral cavity of various etiology, thoroughly remove plaque, regulate microbiocenosis and give a pleasant smell and flavor – will refresh the breath. And also to control the quality of tooth powder with Salvia officinalis extract. In particular, the quality control of tooth powders was carried out in accordance with the requirements of the regulatory documentation of GOST 592-77 «Tooth powder» and organoleptic and physicochemical parameters. Key words: abrasives, hygiene products, microorganisms, tooth powder, Salvia officinalis.
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19

Hosoya, Akihiro, Nazmus Shalehin, Hiroaki Takebe, Tsuyoshi Shimo, and Kazuharu Irie. "Sonic Hedgehog Signaling and Tooth Development." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 5 (February 26, 2020): 1587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21051587.

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Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is a secreted protein with important roles in mammalian embryogenesis. During tooth development, Shh is primarily expressed in the dental epithelium, from initiation to the root formation stages. A number of studies have analyzed the function of Shh signaling at different stages of tooth development and have revealed that Shh signaling regulates the formation of various tooth components, including enamel, dentin, cementum, and other soft tissues. In addition, dental mesenchymal cells positive for Gli1, a downstream transcription factor of Shh signaling, have been found to have stem cell properties, including multipotency and the ability to self-renew. Indeed, Gli1-positive cells in mature teeth appear to contribute to the regeneration of dental pulp and periodontal tissues. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances related to the role of Shh signaling in tooth development, as well as the contribution of this pathway to tooth homeostasis and regeneration.
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20

YU, SHENG-HONG, CHENG-HAU CHEN, and HUIHUA KENNY CHIANG. "DEVELOPMENT OF FIBER OPTICS SPECTROSCOPIC TOOTH COLORIMETER USING WHITE LED." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 16, no. 02 (April 25, 2004): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237204000128.

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Tooth colorimeter provides the determination of patient's tooth shade, and assists dentists, technicians and patients in satisfying the clinical needs for dental medicine. The traditional visual matching approaches of tooth shade tabs had some limitations that are based on subjective color perception and could be easily affected by environmental factors. In this research, we have developed a fiber optics spectroscopic tooth colorimeter with white LED, instead of the tungsten lamp to improve the size and heat problems. We have also developed a Whiteness-Yellowness index to simplify the tooth color information and have achieved an objectively and quantitatively tooth color representation.
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21

Thesleff, Irma, Anne Vaahtokari, Päivi Kettunen, and Thomas Aberg. "Eplthelial-Mesenchymal Signaling during Tooth Development." Connective Tissue Research 32, no. 1-4 (January 1995): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03008209509013700.

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22

Zheng, Li-Wei, Bin-Peng Zhang, Ruo-Shi Xu, Xin Xu, Ling Ye, and Xue-Dong Zhou. "Bivalent histone modifications during tooth development." International Journal of Oral Science 6, no. 4 (November 14, 2014): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ijos.2014.60.

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23

McKenna, CJ, H. James, JA Taylor, and GC Townsend. "Tooth Development Standards for South Australia." Australian Dental Journal 47, no. 3 (September 2002): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1834-7819.2002.tb00333.x.

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24

Alvarez, J. O. "Nutrition, tooth development, and dental caries." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 61, no. 2 (February 1, 1995): 410S—416S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/61.2.410s.

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25

Kallistová, Anna, Ivan Horáček, Petr Čejchan, and Roman Skála. "Enamel microstructure and tooth embryonic development." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 71, a1 (August 23, 2015): s298—s299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273315095480.

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26

Sugars, R., E. Karlström, C. Christersson, M. L. Olsson, M. Wendel, and K. Fried. "Expression of HMGB1 during tooth development." Cell and Tissue Research 327, no. 3 (October 17, 2006): 511–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00441-006-0293-2.

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27

Rowson, John E. "Arrested tooth development after therapeutic radiation." Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology 74, no. 3 (September 1992): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(92)90082-2.

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28

Matalova, E., T. Vanden Berghe, E. Svandova, P. Vandenabeele, C. Healy, P. T. Sharpe, and A. S. Tucker. "Caspase-7 in molar tooth development." Archives of Oral Biology 57, no. 11 (November 2012): 1474–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2012.06.009.

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29

Ramirez-Rozzi, Fernando V. "Tooth development in East African Paranthropus." Journal of Human Evolution 24, no. 6 (June 1993): 429–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jhev.1993.1030.

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30

Zhou, Tao, Jinhai Pan, Peiyao Wu, Ruijie Huang, Wei Du, Yachuan Zhou, Mian Wan, et al. "Dental Follicle Cells: Roles in Development and Beyond." Stem Cells International 2019 (September 15, 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9159605.

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Dental follicle cells (DFCs) are a group of mesenchymal progenitor cells surrounding the tooth germ, responsible for cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone formation in tooth development. Cascades of signaling pathways and transcriptional factors in DFCs are involved in directing tooth eruption and tooth root morphogenesis. Substantial researches have been made to decipher multiple aspects of DFCs, including multilineage differentiation, senescence, and immunomodulatory ability. DFCs were proved to be multipotent progenitors with decent amplification, immunosuppressed and acquisition ability. They are able to differentiate into osteoblasts/cementoblasts, adipocytes, neuron-like cells, and so forth. The excellent properties of DFCs facilitated clinical application, as exemplified by bone tissue engineering, tooth root regeneration, and periodontium regeneration. Except for the oral and maxillofacial regeneration, DFCs were also expected to be applied in other tissues such as spinal cord defects (SCD), cardiomyocyte destruction. This article reviewed roles of DFCs in tooth development, their properties, and clinical application potentials, thus providing a novel guidance for tissue engineering.
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31

Pavlenko, Svetlana A., Elena V. Pavlenkova, Irina M. Tkachenko, Alla I. Sidorova, and Dmytro M. Korol. "PROGNOSTIC INDICES OF PATHOLOGICAL TOOTH WEAR DEVELOPMENT." Wiadomości Lekarskie 73, no. 7 (2020): 1345–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202007107.

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The aim: To study possibilities of prognosis of pathological wear of tooth hard tissues development depending on the functional activity of masticatory muscles. Materials and methods: In order to achieve the goal of the study, a survey of patients at the age of 19 to 69 years was conducted for precision of number of persons who have increased tooth wear. During the examination of all patients, three groups were selected: control and two researched ones. Patients in the control group (30 patients between the age of 18 and 60 years old) had an intact dentition without any visible sign of increased tooth wear. The researched groups included 25 patients aged from 18 to 60 years old. The second research group included patients who had increased tooth wear of I-III level. The children of the patients of the II group with or without any sign of increased tooth wear were referred to the third research group. Results: The method of electromyography was performed for the study of peculiarities of the muscular activity of the maxillofacial area of the patients of the control and research groups. In our opinion, all manifestations of increased tooth wear are related to changes in the muscle system, the motor apparatus and the nervous activity of an organism. Conclusions: The study of direct muscular apparatus and related bone system may predict the possibility of developing of an increased tooth wear of young patients in the future and prevent its development, as well as to justify the application of a prevention and treatment plan of the studied pathology.
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32

Kim, J. Y., Y. G. Cha, S. W. Cho, E. J. Kim, M. J. Lee, J. M. Lee, J. Cai, H. Ohshima, and H. S. Jung. "Inhibition of Apoptosis in Early Tooth Development Alters Tooth Shape and Size." Journal of Dental Research 85, no. 6 (June 2006): 530–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910608500610.

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Apoptosis plays important roles in various stages of organogenesis. In this study, we hypothesized that apoptosis would play an important role in tooth morphogenesis. We examined the role of apoptosis in early tooth development by using a caspase inhibitor, z-VAD-fmk, concomitant with in vitro organ culture and tooth germ transplantation into the kidney capsule. Inhibition of apoptosis at the early cap stage did not disrupt the cell proliferation level when compared with controls. However, the macroscopic morphology of mice molar teeth exhibited dramatic alterations after the inhibition of apoptosis. Crown height was reduced, and mesiodistal diameter was increased in a concentration-dependent manner with z-VAD-fmk treatment. Overall, apoptosis in the enamel knot would be necessary for the proper formation of molar teeth, including appropriate shape and size.
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33

Jia, Shihai, Yang Gao, Jing Zhou, Jin-A. Baek, Yu Lan, James F. Martin, and Rulang Jiang. "The roles of mesenchymal Bmp4 in tooth development and successive tooth induction." Developmental Biology 356, no. 1 (August 2011): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.05.597.

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34

Duailibi, Monica Talarico, Silvio Eduardo Duailibi, Eduardo Felippe Duailibi Neto, Renata Matalon Negreiros, Waldyr Antonio Jorge, Lydia Masako Ferreira, Joseph Phillip Vacanti, and Pamela Crotty Yelick. "Tooth Tissue Engineering: Optimal Dental Stem Cell Harvest Based on Tooth Development." Artificial Organs 35, no. 7 (June 27, 2011): E129—E135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1594.2010.01200.x.

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35

Tsai, S., A. Abdelhamid, M. K. Khan, A. Elkarargy, R. B. Widelitz, C. M. Chuong, and P. Wu. "The Molecular Circuit Regulating Tooth Development in Crocodilians." Journal of Dental Research 95, no. 13 (October 8, 2016): 1501–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034516667724.

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Alligators have robust regenerative potential for tooth renewal. In contrast, extant mammals can either renew their teeth once (diphyodont dentition, as found in humans) or not at all (monophyodont dentition, present in mice). Previously, the authors used multiple mitotic labeling to map putative stem cells in alligator dental laminae, which contain quiescent odontogenic progenitors. The authors demonstrated that alligator tooth cycle initiation is related to β-catenin/Wnt pathway activity in the dental lamina bulge. However, the molecular circuitry underlying the developmental progression of polyphyodont teeth remains elusive. Here, the authors used transcriptomic analyses to examine the additional molecular pathways related to the process of alligator tooth development. The authors collected juvenile alligator dental laminae at different developmental stages and performed RNA-seq. This data shows that Wnt, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) pathways are activated at the transition from pre-initiation stage (bud) to initiation stage (cap). Intriguingly, the activation of Wnt ligands, receptors and co-activators accompanies the inactivation of Wnt antagonists. In addition, the authors identified the molecular circuitry at different stages of tooth development. The authors conclude that multiple pathways are associated with specific stages of tooth development in the alligator. This data shows that Wnt pathway activation may play the most important role in the initiation of tooth development. This result may offer insight into ways to modulate the genetic controls involved in mammalian tooth renewal.
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36

Bica, Cristina, Mihaela Chincesan, Daniela Esian, Krisztina Martha, Valentin Ion, Larisa Andreea Marinescu, Kamel Earar, and Madalina Nicoleta Matei. "Dental Development in Children After Chemotherapy." Revista de Chimie 68, no. 6 (July 15, 2017): 1397–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.17.6.5681.

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Chemotherapy, as a treatment method in paediatric oncology, coincides with the physiological process of tooth development. The interference between cytostatic agents and the cycle of the cells with specialised functions in the formation and mineralisation of dental structures leads to the appearance of abnormalities in the development of the tooth buds, structural defects and disorderly eruption. We have looked into the distribution of developmental tooth disorders in a group of children suffering from malignant ailments. The study reveals a high occurrence of microdontia and agenesis of premolars among children diagnosed with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia at the age between 1 and 6, as well as tooth eruption disturbances in 70% of the children. The nature and the severity of dental abnormalities depend on the type of cytostatic medication, the dosage and the frequency of therapeutic cycles, the age of the child at the beginning of the oncological therapy, as well as on the stage of the odontogenesis.
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37

Duan, Yihong, Yongfeng Liang, Fangyi Yang, and Yuanyuan Ma. "Neural Regulations in Tooth Development and Tooth–Periodontium Complex Homeostasis: A Literature Review." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 22 (November 16, 2022): 14150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232214150.

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The tooth–periodontium complex and its nerves have active reciprocal regulation during development and homeostasis. These effects are predominantly mediated by a range of molecules secreted from either the nervous system or the tooth–periodontium complex. Different strategies mimicking tooth development or physiological reparation have been applied to tooth regeneration studies, where the application of these nerve- or tooth-derived molecules has been proven effective. However, to date, basic studies in this field leave many vacancies to be filled. This literature review summarizes the recent advances in the basic studies on neural responses and regulation during tooth–periodontium development and homeostasis and points out some research gaps to instruct future studies. Deepening our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of tooth development and diseases will provide more clues for tooth regeneration.
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38

Liu, Z., T. Chen, D. Bai, W. Tian, and Y. Chen. "Smad7 Regulates Dental Epithelial Proliferation during Tooth Development." Journal of Dental Research 98, no. 12 (September 9, 2019): 1376–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034519872487.

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Tooth morphogenesis involves dynamic changes in shape and size as it proceeds through the bud, cap, and bell stages. This process requires exact regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. Smad7, a general antagonist against transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β) signaling, is necessary for maintaining homeostasis and proper functionality in many organs. While TGF-β signaling is widely involved in tooth morphogenesis, the precise role of Smad7 in tooth development remains unknown. In this study, we showed that Smad7 is expressed in the developing mouse molars with a high level in the dental epithelium but a moderate to weak level in the dental mesenchyme. Smad7 deficiency led to a profound decrease in tooth size primarily due to a severely compromised cell proliferation capability in the dental epithelium. Consistent with the tooth shrinkage phenotype, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis revealed that Smad7 ablation downregulated genes referred to epithelial cell proliferation and cell cycle G1/S phase transition, whereas the upregulated genes were involved in responding to TGF-β signaling and cell cycle arrest. Among these genes, the expression of Cdkn1a (encoding p21), a negative cell proliferation regulator, was remarkably elevated in parallel with the diminution of Ccnd1 encoding the crucial cell cycle regulator cyclin D1 in the dental epithelium. Meanwhile, the expression level of p-Smad2/3 was ectopically elevated in the developing tooth germ of Smad7 null mice, indicating the hyperactivation of the canonical TGF-β signaling. These effects were reversed by addition of TGF-β signaling inhibitor in cell cultures of Smad7−/− molar tooth germs, with rescued expression of cyclin D1 and cell proliferation rate. In sum, our studies demonstrate that Smad7 functions primarily as a positive regulator of cell proliferation via inhibition of the canonical TGF-β signaling during dental epithelium development and highlight a crucial role for Smad7 in regulating tooth size.
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39

Thiery, Alexandre P., Takanori Shono, Daisuke Kurokawa, Ralf Britz, Zerina Johanson, and Gareth J. Fraser. "Spatially restricted dental regeneration drives pufferfish beak development." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 22 (May 15, 2017): E4425—E4434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1702909114.

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Vertebrate dentitions are extraordinarily diverse in both morphology and regenerative capacity. The teleost order Tetraodontiformes exhibits an exceptional array of novel dental morphologies, epitomized by constrained beak-like dentitions in several families, i.e., porcupinefishes, three-toothed pufferfishes, ocean sunfishes, and pufferfishes. Modification of tooth replacement within these groups leads to the progressive accumulation of tooth generations, underlying the structure of their beaks. We focus on the dentition of the pufferfish (Tetraodontidae) because of its distinct dental morphology. This complex dentition develops as a result of (i) a reduction in the number of tooth positions from seven to one per quadrant during the transition from first to second tooth generations and (ii) a dramatic shift in tooth morphogenesis following the development of the first-generation teeth, leading to the elongation of dental units along the jaw. Gene expression and 1,1′-Dioctadecyl-3,3,3′,3′-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) lineage tracing reveal a putative dental epithelial progenitor niche, suggesting a highly conserved mechanism for tooth regeneration despite the development of a unique dentition. MicroCT analysis reveals restricted labial openings in the beak, through which the dental epithelium (lamina) invades the cavity of the highly mineralized beak. Reduction in the number of replacement tooth positions coincides with the development of only four labial openings in the pufferfish beak, restricting connection of the oral epithelium to the dental cavity. Our data suggest the spatial restriction of dental regeneration, coupled with the unique extension of the replacement dental units throughout the jaw, are primary contributors to the evolution and development of this unique beak-like dentition.
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40

Likitmongkolsakul, Udomsak, Pruittikorn Smithmaitrie, Bancha Samruajbenjakun, and Juthatip Aksornmuang. "Development and Validation of 3D Finite Element Models for Prediction of Orthodontic Tooth Movement." International Journal of Dentistry 2018 (August 30, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4927503.

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Objectives. The aim of this study was to develop and validate three-dimensional (3D) finite element modeling for prediction of orthodontic tooth movement. Materials and Methods. Two orthodontic patients were enrolled in this study. Computed tomography (CT) was captured 2 times. The first time was at T0 immediately before canine retraction. The second time was at T4 precisely at 4 months after canine retraction. Alginate impressions were taken at 1 month intervals (T0–T4) and scanned using a digital scanner. CT data and scanned models were used to construct 3D models. The two measured parameters were clinical tooth movement and calculated stress at three points on the canine root. The calculated stress was determined by the finite element method (FEM). The clinical tooth movement was measured from the differences in the measurement points on the superimposed model. Data from the first patient were used to analyze the tooth movement pattern and develop a mathematical formula for the second patient. Calculated orthodontic tooth movement of the second patient was compared to the clinical outcome. Results. Differences between the calculated tooth movement and clinical tooth movement ranged from 0.003 to 0.085 mm or 0.36 to 8.96%. The calculated tooth movement and clinical tooth movement at all reference points of all time periods appeared at a similar level. Differences between the calculated and clinical tooth movements were less than 0.1 mm. Conclusion. Three-dimensional FEM simulation of orthodontic tooth movement was achieved by combining data from the CT and digital model. The outcome of the tooth movement obtained from FEM was found to be similar to the actual clinical tooth movement.
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PESHEKHONOV, K. Yu, and A. S. TARAPANOV. "DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR PREDICTING THE ACCURACY OF SPIROID WHEELS." Fundamental and Applied Problems of Engineering and Technology 2 (2021): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7408-2021-346-2-71-76.

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The article considers the possible errors of the spiroid transmission based on mathematical modeling of the process of shaping the teeth of the spiroid wheel. Typical errors such as tooth profile error, tooth pitch error, tooth thickness error, tooth longitudinal line error are applicable to spiroid wheel tooth errors. Currently, the accuracy standards for spiroid transmissions are not standardized. It is shown that the mandrel of a cylindrical spiroid cutter for processing spiroid wheels has an increased length, which contributes to its greater squeezing from the spiroid wheel during the shaping process. Based on the components of the cutting forces, a graph of the vibrations of the milling cutter mandrel is presented. In the study of precision spiroid wheels on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the formation of the tooth profile of spiroid wheel revealed that the geometric deviations of the lateral surfaces of the teeth of wheels due to the errors of gear cutting tools and technological factors.
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Choudhary, Ekta, and Dildeep Bali. "Endodontic treatment of an anamalous tooth development - Case report of a fused tooth." Endodontology 22, no. 2 (2010): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-7212.351998.

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43

Liversidge, Helen M., and Theya Molleson. "Human tooth development, tooth length and eruption; a study of British archaeological dentitions." Historical Biology 30, no. 1-2 (March 19, 2017): 166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2017.1305375.

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44

Cai, Jinglei, Noriko Mutoh, Jeong-Oh Shin, Nobuyuki Tani-Ishii, Hayato Ohshima, Sung-Won Cho, and Han-Sung Jung. "Wnt5a plays a crucial role in determining tooth size during murine tooth development." Cell and Tissue Research 345, no. 3 (August 31, 2011): 367–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00441-011-1224-4.

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45

Fried, K., C. Nosrat, C. Lillesaar, and C. Hildebrand. "Molecular Signaling and Pulpal Nerve Development." Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine 11, no. 3 (July 2000): 318–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10454411000110030301.

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The purpose of this review is to discuss molecular factors influencing nerve growth to teeth. The establishment of a sensory pulpal innervation occurs concurrently with tooth development. Epithelial/mesenchymal interactions initiate the tooth primordium and change it into a complex organ. The initial events seem to be controlled by the epithelium, and subsequently, the mesenchyme acquires odontogenic properties. As yet, no single initiating epithelial or mesenchymal factor has been identified. Axons reach the jaws before tooth formation and form terminals near odontogenic sites. In some species, local axons have an initiating function in odontogenesis, but it is not known if this is also the case with mammals. In diphyodont mammals, the primary dentition is replaced by a permanent dentition, which involves a profound remodeling of terminal pulpal axons. The molecular signals underlying this remodeling remain unknown. Due to the senescent deterioration of the dentition, the target area of tooth nerves shrinks with age, and these nerves show marked pathological-like changes. Nerve growth factor and possibly also brain-derived neurotrophic factor seem to be important in the formation of a sensory pulpal innervation. Neurotrophin-3 and -4/5 are probably not involved. In addition, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, but not neurturin, seems to be involved in the control of pulpal axon growth. A variety of other growth factors may also influence developing tooth nerves. Many major extracellular matrix molecules, which can influence growing axons, are present in developing teeth. It is likely that these molecules influence the growing pulpal axons.
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Peterková, R., J. Turecková, H. Lesot, J. L. Vonesch, M. Peterka, and J. V. Ruch. "Bone Morphogenetic Proteins(BMPs) and Tooth Development." Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology 9, no. 47 (1997): 253–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4052/tigg.9.253.

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ASARI, Jin, Mitsuori MAYAHARA, Tomomi SUGIYAMA, Masanori NAKAMURA, and Mitsuko INOUE. "Micro-CT Analysis of Tooth Root Development." Dental Medicine Research 28, no. 2 (2008): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7881/dentalmedres2008.28.87.

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Żądzińska, Elżbieta. "Tooth Development in Human Evolution and Bioarchaeology." Anthropological Review 77, no. 2 (July 15, 2014): 249–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/anre-2014-0019.

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49

Chen, S., J. Gluhak-Heinrich, Y. H. Wang, Y. M. Wu, H. H. Chuang, L. Chen, G. H. Yuan, J. Dong, I. Gay, and M. MacDougall. "Runx2, Osx, and Dspp in Tooth Development." Journal of Dental Research 88, no. 10 (September 25, 2009): 904–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034509342873.

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The transcription factors Runx2 and Osx are necessary for osteoblast and odontoblast differentiation, while Dspp is important for odontoblast differentiation. The relationship among Runx2, Osx, and Dspp during tooth and craniofacial bone development remains unknown. In this study, we hypothesized that the roles of Runx2 and Osx in the regulation of osteoblast and odontoblast lineages may be independent of one another. The results showed that Runx2 expression overlapped with Osx in dental and osteogenic mesenchyme from E12 to E16. At the later stages, from E18 to PN14, Runx2 and Osx expressions remained intense in alveolar bone osteoblasts. However, Runx2 expression was down-regulated, whereas Osx expression was clearly seen in odontoblasts. At later stages, Dspp transcription was weakly present in osteoblasts, but strong in odontoblasts where Osx was highly expressed. In mouse odontoblast-like cells, Osx overexpression increased Dspp transcription. Analysis of these data suggests differential biological functions of Runx2, Osx, and Dspp during odontogenesis and osteogenesis.
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Teixeira, Cristina C. "New horizons in understanding early tooth development." Clinical Orthodontics and Research 2, no. 3 (August 1999): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ocr.1999.2.3.171.

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