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Journal articles on the topic 'Tools 3D'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Dougherty, Matthew T. "3d Visualization Tools." Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (August 2001): 770–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600029925.

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The tutorial presents 3D visualization as implemented at NCMI: beginning with a brief overview of the history and philosophy of scientific visualization, proceeding to a description of general methodologies used throughout the field of visualization, and concluding with specific applications in electron microscopy, confocal microscopy and x-ray diffraction. The majority of the tutorial uses biological examples of visualization to demonstrate concepts and tools.History and Philosophy: Effective scientific visualization presents data in a simple, accurate conceptual formulation. Over the last one hundred years there has been a sea change in its economics caused by digital computers: beginning with calculated tables that were manually plotted, proceeding to two dimensional image graphics, and most recently multivariate 3D interactive graphics. The capability of scientific visualization has been greatly facilitated by the evolution of computers; particularly over the last ten years the 3D visualization of biological structures is quickly becoming a necessity for analysis, conceptualization, and presentations.

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2

Forsmann, J. Hope. "RELAP5-3D User Tools." Nuclear Technology 193, no. 1 (January 2016): 213–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/nt14-141.

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Herrera, Rheianne Mae C., Ma Andrea T. Blanco, John Carlo C. Carabeo, Faye Dannah B. Ramilo, John Renmar D. De Silva, Neil Oliver M. Nuqui, Michaela Tayag Espino, Brian J. Tuazon, and John Ryan C. Dizon. "3D-Printed Ergonomic Tool Handles." Advance Sustainable Science Engineering and Technology 4, no. 2 (November 6, 2022): 0220210. http://dx.doi.org/10.26877/asset.v4i2.13025.

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Although hand tools serve as an instrument for extending one’s capabilities through the use of hands, the comfort it brings is important especially since the welfare of the user is at stake. Aside from using the hand tools repetitively and with an awkward posture, the tool handle compositions and design also contribute to accumulating some work-related musculoskeletal disorders that require further attention in the long run. To provide a long-term solution, 3D-printed new designs of six commonly used hand tools that fit the average hand measurements of Filipinos have been developed. The hand tools are printed using two filaments namely; thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) which was found to be skin-friendly and polylactic acid (PLA) which is proven to be more functional, both are used on the outer and inner layer of the handle, respectively. The 3D-printed tool handles were evaluated through the use of a comfort questionnaire for hand tools distributed to 10 respondents per tool handle testing, results show that 3D-printed tool handles are found to be more comfortable and convenient rather than the commercial ones. Meanwhile, the researchers note that the adequate length of tool handles may also vary according to functions and not rely alone on the average hand measurements.

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4

Kuhn, Jeffrey. "3D Printed Microscope Optomechanical Tools." Microscopy and Microanalysis 26, S2 (July 30, 2020): 686–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927620015536.

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Keller, Andrew, Juan D. Chavez, Jimmy K. Eng, Zorian Thornton, and James E. Bruce. "Tools for 3D Interactome Visualization." Journal of Proteome Research 18, no. 2 (December 6, 2018): 753–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00703.

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6

Peterka, Jozef, Ladislav Morovič, Peter Pokorný, Martin Kováč, and František Hornák. "Optical 3D Scanning of Cutting Tools." Applied Mechanics and Materials 421 (September 2013): 663–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.421.663.

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The paper shortly illustrates the general concept of Reverse Engineering, which includesalso the 3D scanning. In the main part of the paper the concrete 3D scanning process of chosen individual objects are described. The problems that occurred during 3D digitizing of individual parts are step by step discussed and solved. The paper deals with 3D scanning of ball nose end mills and screw drill. The article gives a procedure for digitizing and comparing the results of the scanned digital models of the two ball nose end mills and screw drill.

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Chaaban, Fadi, Hanan Darwishe, and Jamal El Khattabi. "A Semi-Automatic Approach in GIS for 3D Modeling and Visualization of Utility Networks: Application for Sewer & Stormwater networks." MATEC Web of Conferences 295 (2019): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929502003.

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This paper presents a semi-automatic methodology proposed for 3D modeling of utility networks in GIS environment. The ModelBuilder in ArcGIS (ESRI) software is used for implementing this methodology, by developing two tools to automate the construction processes of 3D networks. The first presents a tool to create a 3D Manhole layer from points layer, and the second is a tool to create a 3D pipe layer. For both tools, a work algorithm has been built, in addition to designing user interfaces elements. These tools are stored in a Toolbox called “3D Manhole & Pipe.tbx”. The two previous tools were tested and applied to spatial data for a proposed residential area. The final 3D model of the residential area includes the sewage and stormwater networks, as well as other spatial data such as buildings, parks, roads, etc. This model is able to spot the intersection points in the network, visually or using the 3D analysis available in the software, allowing us to identify problems to be processed and resolved before starting a project, leading consequently to time and cost savings, effort and money. The proposed methodology is an easy and an effective way to build 3D network models (sewer, water..etc), and the developed tools allow the implementation of a set of necessary processes needed to build 3D networks.

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Ney, D. R., and E. K. Fishman. "Editing tools for 3D medical imaging." IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 11, no. 6 (November 1991): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/38.103395.

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9

Maqueda García-Morales, Raúl, and Manuel Luque Cortina. "Paleocatálogo 3D: Photogrammetry for the realization of a high quality, accessible and free 3D Virtual Catalog." Virtual Archaeology Review 6, no. 13 (November 24, 2015): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2015.4369.

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To develop quality tools for dissemination and outreach today is no longer a problem. The access to archaeological collections, to have at our disposal a repertoire of portable art, tools, etc. of European Prehistory, neither will be. In these lines we will see the project in which we combine technology, information and accessibility to that information, as a tool for the study and dissemination of prehistory for all educational levels.

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10

Zhang, Xiang, Zhen Yu Han, Ya Zhou Sun, and Hong Ya Fu. "Equipments and Strategies of Machining 3D Meso-Scale Parts." Key Engineering Materials 431-432 (March 2010): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.431-432.78.

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Currently machine tools and strategies researched in micro-milling field universally cannot be applied to 3D meso-scale parts machining directly, so great importance should be attached to the research on 5-axis machine tools and the suitable strategies for 3D meso-scale machining. This paper introduced a self-made 5-axis machine tool and several micro-milling strategies which were applicable to 3D meso-scale parts machining. Using these strategies, a mini impeller was successfully machined on the 5-axis machine tool developed independently. The experiment result showed the machine tool and the strategies were suitable for machining meso-scale 3D parts.

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11

De Santis, Ilaria, Ervin Tasnadi, Peter Horvath, Alessandro Bevilacqua, and Filippo Piccinini. "Open-Source Tools for Volume Estimation of 3D Multicellular Aggregates." Applied Sciences 9, no. 8 (April 18, 2019): 1616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9081616.

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The volume is one of the most relevant features that define the treatment of an in vivo tumour. When using cancer 3D in vitro models in pre-clinical studies, it becomes important to evaluate the macroscopic effects of drugs and radiotherapy treatments. Depending on the nature of the 3D in vitro model used, different open-source solutions can be used for measuring the volume by starting from microscope-acquired images. In this work, we introduced several open-source tools today available for estimating the volume of 3D multicellular aggregates (e.g., spheroids, organoids), also giving hints for defining the “best software” by analysing characteristics of 3D in vitro models and limits of the tools. Finally, using several cancer organoids imaged by a fluorescent microscope, we compared volume estimations obtained with different tools, besides presenting a new version of the Reconstruction and Visualization from Multiple Sections (ReViMS version 2.0) tool. This work aims to be the reference for researchers interested in estimating the volume of 3D multicellular aggregates through an open-source tool.

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Huang, You Liang, Ming Quan Zhou, and Qing Qiong Deng. "A Web Tools for Molecule Visualization System Based on HTML5 and WebGL." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 5227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.5227.

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This paper presents a solution for molecular visualization. Many 3D visualization tools, most of which require local installation, some are extremely generic and powerful like Amira 3D or Blender. However, these tools are not handy and not typically oriented towards a non-scientific audience. Our goal is to design and develop a web tools for Molecule Visualization System based on HTML5 and WebGL. The tool provides an interactive visualization for molecule. After a similar set of experiments, the result shows that the tool is feasible and practicable.

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Sharafeldin, Mohamed, Abby Jones, and James Rusling. "3D-Printed Biosensor Arrays for Medical Diagnostics." Micromachines 9, no. 8 (August 7, 2018): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi9080394.

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While the technology is relatively new, low-cost 3D printing has impacted many aspects of human life. 3D printers are being used as manufacturing tools for a wide variety of devices in a spectrum of applications ranging from diagnosis to implants to external prostheses. The ease of use, availability of 3D-design software and low cost has made 3D printing an accessible manufacturing and fabrication tool in many bioanalytical research laboratories. 3D printers can print materials with varying density, optical character, strength and chemical properties that provide the user with a vast array of strategic options. In this review, we focus on applications in biomedical diagnostics and how this revolutionary technique is facilitating the development of low-cost, sensitive, and often geometrically complex tools. 3D printing in the fabrication of microfluidics, supporting equipment, and optical and electronic components of diagnostic devices is presented. Emerging diagnostics systems using 3D bioprinting as a tool to incorporate living cells or biomaterials into 3D printing is also reviewed.

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14

Burlov, V. V., L. V. Remontova, V. V. Kosolapov, and E. V. Kosolapova. "3D Modeling Tools for Second-Order Surfaces." PROGRAMMNAYA INGENERIA 8, no. 6 (June 16, 2017): 282–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/prin.8.282-288.

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15

Zelený, Petr, Tomáš Váňa, and Jaroslav Stryal. "Application of 3D Printing for Specific Tools." Materials Science Forum 862 (August 2016): 316–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.862.316.

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This article describes possibilities of utilizing 3D printing technologies for production of specific tools for sheet metal forming which would help to simplify and accelerate manufacturing of prototypes for the electronic industry.The article contains a number of technologies and their combinations. In conclusion, the most appropriate technology is determined along with implementation of the procedure into a production process.

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16

Saito, Kazuyuki. "CAD/CAE Tools for 3D Jisso Module." Journal of Japan Institute of Electronics Packaging 15, no. 4 (2012): 259–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5104/jiep.15.259.

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17

Shishkin, Ivan, Hen Markovich, Yael Roichman, and Pavel Ginzburg. "Auxiliary Optomechanical Tools for 3D Cell Manipulation." Micromachines 11, no. 1 (January 13, 2020): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11010090.

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Advances in laser and optoelectronic technologies have brought the general concept of optomechanical manipulation to the level of standard biophysical tools, paving the way towards controlled experiments and measurements of tiny mechanical forces. Recent developments in direct laser writing (DLW) have enabled the realization of new types of micron-scale optomechanical tools, capable of performing designated functions. Here we further develop the concept of DLW-fabricated optomechanically-driven tools and demonstrate full-3D manipulation capabilities over biological objects. In particular, we resolved the long-standing problem of out-of-plane rotation in a pure liquid, which was demonstrated on a living cell, clamped between a pair of forks, designed for efficient manipulation with holographic optical tweezers. The demonstrated concept paves the way for the realization of flexible tools for performing on-demand functions over biological objects, such as cell tomography and surgery to name just few.

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18

Kang, Yan, Klaus Engelke, and Willi A. Kalender. "Interactive 3D editing tools for image segmentation." Medical Image Analysis 8, no. 1 (March 2004): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.media.2003.07.002.

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19

Cotter, C. J., and G. J. Gorman. "Diagnostic tools for 3D unstructured oceanographic data." Ocean Modelling 20, no. 2 (January 2008): 170–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2007.08.004.

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20

Schuster, Daniela. "3D pharmacophores as tools for activity profiling." Drug Discovery Today: Technologies 7, no. 4 (December 2010): e205-e211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ddtec.2010.11.006.

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21

Davydycheva, Sofia, and Alexandr Kaminsky. "Triaxial induction logging: New interpretation method for biaxial anisotropic formations — Part 1." Interpretation 4, no. 2 (May 1, 2016): SF151—SF164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2015-0136.1.

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Due to recent advances in resistivity well logging theory and practice, new triaxial induction tools sensitive to resistivity anisotropy have been developed. We have used the new sensitivities of these tools and developed 1D-3D inversion schemes capable to reveal details of highly laminated shale reservoirs. The ability to simulate responses of the new tools to arbitrary anisotropic 3D media is key to their successful application. We have examined a new fast 1D electromagnetic modeling method to simulate triaxial logging tool responses. The method is used as a forward engine for a new 1D inversion scheme for anisotropic formation parameters. An important new feature of the modeling method is its ability to model new tool responses to biaxial anisotropic medium, whose anisotropy tensor has up to three different principal values. This feature is particularly useful to evaluate anisotropic and fractured formations. We have also developed a universal medium-independent 3D modeling technique that can simulate new-generation tool responses in arbitrary 3D media including fracturing, and we used it as a full 3D inversion engine. Synthetic responses and several 1D-3D inversion results for a practical triaxial induction tool illustrate new features of the resistivity logs and their applications. The new 3D inversion does not require any preprocessing borehole correction, which can introduce significant errors at bed boundaries and in thin laminations. As a result, a higher spatial resolution of the tool can be provided. The new method was used to demonstrate and exploit high sensitivities of triaxial tensor measurement to all three principal values of the conductivity tensor.

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22

Tondini, Fabio, Alberto Basso, Ulfar Arinbjarnar, and Chris Valentin Nielsen. "The Performance of 3D Printed Polymer Tools in Sheet Metal Forming." Metals 11, no. 8 (August 9, 2021): 1256. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11081256.

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Additively manufactured polymer tools are evaluated for use in metal forming as prototype tools and in the attempt to make sheet metal more attractive to small production volumes. Printing materials, strategies and accuracies are presented before the tools and tested in V-bending and groove pressing of 1 mm aluminum sheets. The V-bending shows that the tools change surface topography during forming until a steady state is reached at around five strokes. The geometrical accuracy obtained in V-bending is evaluated by the spring-back angle and the resulting bend radius, while bending to 90° with three different punch nose radii. The spring-back shows additional effects from the elastic deflection of the tools, and the influence from the punch nose radius is found to be influenced by the printing strategy due to the ratio between tool radius and the printed solid shell thickness enclosing the otherwise less dense bulk part of the tool. Groove pressing shows the combined effect of groove heights and angular changes due to spring-back. In all cases, the repeatability is discussed to show the potential of tool corrections for obtaining formed parts closer to nominal values.

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23

HRBAL, JAKUB, JOZEF PETERKA, IVAN BURANSKY, JAN MILDE, and JOZEF MARTINOVIC. "MEASUREMENT OF THE GEOMETRY OF MANUFACTURED DRILLS USING OPTICAL SCANNING." MM Science Journal 2021, no. 6 (December 15, 2021): 5327–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17973/mmsj.2021_12_2021128.

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This article deals with the control of the geometry of manufactured tools. The geometry of the cutting tool has a great influence on the machining process. One of the processes of manufacturing cutting tools is grinding. Grinding cutting tools is a complex process after which it is necessary to check the geometry of the tools. Five solid drilling tools were manufactured for the experiment. The measured parameters were tool diameter, helix angle, point angle, rake angle, relief angle and core diameter of the cutting tools. The geometry of the cutting tools was measured on a non-contact structured 3D scanner ATOS Triple Scan light. The measurement results were evaluated using GOM software. The scanning results were compared with the geometry measurement on an optical measuring device Zoller Genius 3s. It has been found that the use of a non-contact structured 3D scanner is suitable for checking the geometry of cutting tools. Furthermore, the article deals with the roughness arising when grinding a sintered carbide flute.

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Máder, Patrik Márk, Dorottya Szilágyi, and Olivér Rák. "Tools and methodologies of 3D model-based building survey." Pollack Periodica 15, no. 1 (April 2020): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/606.2020.15.1.16.

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Abstract Information-based modeling technology is supported by advanced information technology solutions in the building industry. The integration of its methodology into construction and design processes is already going on. However, many areas still have development possibilities; for instance, building surveys belong to these fields. Countless survey tools and methodologies endeavor to support and ease the work of professionals in design and construction, yet there is a need for comprehensive collaboration. This could be promoted by creating a direct link between survey tools and architectural design software. This article demonstrates a tool under development that intends to provide a solution to this issue.

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Shyr, Wen-Jye, Hung-Ming Liau, Chia-Chen Hsu, and Chia-Hung Chen. "Assess the Engagement with 3D Virtual Learning Tools during the COVID-19 Pandemic." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (August 3, 2021): 8632. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158632.

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The recent growth of learning technologies has catalyzed the surge in investments in e-learning systems across higher education to revolutionize pedagogical practices. Thus, the implementation of 3D virtual learning tools has become an indispensable, standard methodological tool in higher education. More recently, the enforcement of restrictions and emergency lockdowns to curb the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic compelled higher education institutions worldwide to cope with and meet the requirements of online education while preserving the quality of the learning experience at an equal pace. To develop a 3D physics laboratory, the appropriate equipment for physical experiments was first collected; then, the design software was applied to construct the 3D model. Software was then developed to edit the 3D experimental environment. Two practical tests were performed on the completed setup to verify the disadvantages and feasibility of the experiments. The present study develops and validates the incorporation of user satisfaction approaches to examine the quality of the most influential 3D learning tools during the coronavirus outbreak. The findings of this study confirm that 3D laboratories can positively influence learning attitudes when it comes to physics and improve learners’ understanding of physics concepts; they also confirm that 3D laboratories are a suitable tool for teaching physics experiments. Finally, the difficulties and solutions encountered in the development of the 3D laboratory are outlined as a reference for subsequent studies.

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Havlik, Radek, Alena Gottwaldova, and Jan Vavruška. "Application of 3D Scanner for Transportation a CNC Machine Tools." Applied Mechanics and Materials 693 (December 2014): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.693.213.

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This paper deals with research in area 3D digitalization of large objects. Application of 3D scanners for transportation is not common. Digitalized area is a final placement for new machines. Final location and transport way for machines is in very a low ceiling room. Using the 3D data we can determine an optimal way for transport. In next step we define optimal final placement for CNC machine tools. If we have 3D model from 3D scanner we can measure the height between the floor and ceiling.

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Capone, M., and M. Campi. "Methods and tools to enjoy and to study inaccessible Heritage." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5 (June 6, 2014): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-137-2014.

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Our research on a multi-purpose survey of cultural Heritage located in UNESCO Historical Centre of Naples has the following goals: to test some innovative strategies to improve public enjoyment for inaccessible sites; to explore the use of some interactive systems to study heritage in remote; to explore how to access the information system through AR applications. In this paper we are going to focus on comparison between interactive system to access 3D data and photogrammetric processing of panoramic images. We investigated on: a. the use of 360° panorama for 3D restitutions; b. the use of 360° panorama as an interface to 3D data to extract real 3D coordinates and accurately measure distances; c. the use of 3D PDF to access a 3D database.

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Townsend, Alexandra, and Oren M. Tepper. "Virtual Surgical Planning and Three-Dimensional Printing in Rhinoplasty." Seminars in Plastic Surgery 36, no. 03 (August 2022): 158–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1755463.

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AbstractRecent developments in three-dimensional (3D) imaging technology offer a more comprehensive means of assessing facial features. 3D printing allows for the transition of planning from simply a preoperative tool to an intraoperative device with the use of tools such as 3D-printed cutting guides, marking guides, or positioning guides. With the advent of 3D printing technology, 3D surface images can now be used to generate new medical models, devices, or tools to assist with rhinoplasty during preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases. In the field of rhinoplasty, 3D printing can be applied in three main areas: (1) reference models, (2) surgical guides, and (3) nasal splints. The value of 3D imaging extends far beyond the benefits of “conversion” during a preoperative consultation and has the potential to greatly enhance the overall treatment of rhinoplasty patients with enhanced communication and personalized devices that can be used during surgery and in the postoperative phase.

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Kline, J. L., and P. L. Volegov. "Toward 3D data visualization using virtual reality tools." Review of Scientific Instruments 92, no. 3 (March 1, 2021): 033528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0040468.

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Jacobs, Hannah L. "SketchUp and Sketchfab: Tools for Teaching with 3D." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 81, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 256–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2022.81.2.256.

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31

Hanoon, Wisam Hameed, Nasri S. M. Namer, and Sami Ali Nama. "Bending Titanium Sheets with 3D-Printed PETG Tools." Revue des composites et des matériaux avancés 32, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/rcma.320106.

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Brutto, M. Lo, and P. Meli. "Computer Vision Tools for 3D Modelling in Archaeology." International Journal of Heritage in the Digital Era 1, no. 1_suppl (January 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/2047-4970.1.0.1.

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Yu, Ming Rang, Ying Jie Zhang, and Ding Zhang. "Optimization of 3D Pocket Machining Using Multiple Tools." Advanced Materials Research 503-504 (April 2012): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.503-504.7.

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In numerical control machining, the number and the size of the cutting tools in use have a significant effect on machining efficiency. This paper puts forward a method to select the most appropriate group of cutters for 3D pocket machining using NC machine tools, which aim to minimize the total machining time. Considering the material is removed layer by layer in roughing, three scan-line filling algorithm is proposed to calculate the cutting area of every layer, which is necessary to calculate the machining time. After the total machining time of each group of cutters is calculated, the optimal group of cutters can be determined easily. Both the theoretical analysis and the simulated results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the efficiency of NC machining.

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Maintz, J. B. A., P. A. van den Elsen, and M. A. Viergever. "3D multimodality medical image registration using morphological tools." Image and Vision Computing 19, no. 1-2 (January 2001): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-8856(00)00051-2.

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Jacky, Jonathan, Ira Kalet, Jun Chen, James Coggins, Steve Cousins, Robert Drzymala, William Harms, et al. "Portable software tools for 3d radiation therapy planning." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 30, no. 4 (November 1994): 921–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-3016(94)90368-9.

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Singh, Adi, Sebastian Dengler, and Christopher Lang. "Tools for Prototyping with 3D Ultrasonics in ROS." Journal of Open Source Software 4, no. 39 (July 23, 2019): 1531. http://dx.doi.org/10.21105/joss.01531.

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Mills, C. "3D design tools speed NASA space shuttle work." IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 23, no. 3 (May 2003): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcg.2003.1198258.

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38

Berbinschi, S., V. Teodor, and N. Oancea. "3D graphical method for profiling gear hob tools." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 64, no. 1-4 (February 28, 2012): 291–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-012-3989-3.

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Muthulingam, Arunan, Eckart Uhlmann, and Janis Thalau. "Schneidkantenherstellung mittels 3D-Formschleifen/Cutting-edge preparation by 3D-form grinding." wt Werkstattstechnik online 112, no. 07-08 (2022): 465–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2022-07-08-19.

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Mit steigenden Anforderungen an Zerspanwerkzeuge hinsichtlich Qualität und Wirtschaftlichkeit gewinnt die Schneidkantenpräparation immer mehr an Bedeutung. Definierte Schneidkantenmikrogeometrien können dabei die Standzeiten der Zerspanwerkzeuge erhöhen. Ein hohes Potenzial für die Herstellung von definierten Schneidkantenmikrogeometrien weist das 3D-Formschleifen auf. Im Rahmen eines Forschungsprojektes wurde die Eignung von 3D-Formschleifen zur Herstellung definierter Schneidkantenmikrogeometrien an keramischen Wendeschneidplatten untersucht. With increasing demands on cutting tools in terms of quality and economy, cutting-edge preparation becomes more and more important. Defined cutting-edge micro geometries can increase the lifetime of a cutting tool. 3D-form grinding has great potential for the production of defined cutting-edge micro geometries. As part of a research project, the suitability of 3D-form grinding for the production of defined cutting-edge micro geometries on ceramic indexable inserts was examined.

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de Azevedo, Hugo, and António B. Araújo. "Canon and Process in the 3D Modeling of Human Anatomy." International Journal of Creative Interfaces and Computer Graphics 12, no. 2 (July 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcicg.291088.

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The authors argue that the concept of the anatomical canon is not just an arbitrary standard of anatomical beauty, but an indispensable mnemonic tool for the artist. The authors further argue that the canon is most relevant when adapted to a specific artistic process and tools, and in particular must be updated to the requirements of the digital tools of 3D modeling. A proposal of such a canon is discussed, as well as the process of its synthesis from standard 3D primitives, and its artistic applications.

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Liu, Yuan, Yong Zhang Wang, Hong Ya Fu, and Zhen Yu Han. "Study on Cutter Radius Compensation Methods for 5-Axis CNC Machining." Materials Science Forum 628-629 (August 2009): 347–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.628-629.347.

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The numerical control (NC) program files need re-generating if there is any tool dimension change or tool wear for multi-axis machining. If the tool is replaced to adapt this change there will be increased cost. To solute this problem, 3D cutter radius compensation method for 5-axis computer numerical control (CNC) machining is deeply researched. Taking five axes linkage machine tools of X, Y, Z, B, C form with rotary tables B and C as an example, coordinate transformation matrix (CTM) and the cutter compensation vector for 3D cutter radius compensation are derived. The discrimination methods for path joint pattern (PJP) are given. A controller with 3D cutter radius compensation function for 5-axis linkage CNC machine tools is developed based on this method. The controller is allocated to a 5-axis milling machine tool and experiments are done. The proposed algorithm is demonstrated using a practical example.

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Goggins, Sean, Matthew Schmidt, Jesus Guajardo, and Joi L. Moore. "3D Virtual Worlds." International Journal of Social and Organizational Dynamics in IT 1, no. 1 (January 2011): 30–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsodit.2011010103.

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Teams meet in 3D virtual worlds more frequently than ever before, yet the tools for evaluating 3D collaboration environments are underdeveloped. To close the 3D collaboration tool evaluation gap, the authors integrate lessons from the gaming industry and distributed work research. They develop two complementary approaches. First, the individual user’s perspective using eye-tracking (ET) is addressed, and second, the collaborative experience of the group using a technique called All-Views-Qualitative-Analysis (AVQA) is evaluated. The latter integrates the points-of-view of all subjects in a small group collaborating on a creative work task in a 3 dimensional virtual world. The authors show how these techniques enable evaluation of 3D environment design from the perspective of human computer interaction theory and theories related to distributed work. The paper discusses why designers should seek ways to leverage the advantages of 3D collaboration technologies and avoid recreating mirrors of physical space in these environments.

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Drăgoi, Mircea Viorel, Alexandru Manolescu, and Mircea Anton Vasiloni. "Aligning Tools on a Press by Means of 3D Scanning." Applied Mechanics and Materials 834 (April 2016): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.834.84.

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The paper presents the way the 3D scanning was used to correct miss-alignment of the tools on a metal sheet bending press. Parts obtained by bending where not conform to requirements, and the reason was unknown. In order to find the error, the shape, size, and alignment of bending board and stamp had to be checked. The particular very long tools imposed as the single appropriate method of measurement: 3D scanning. The point clouds gathered by 3D scanning were processed to get the 3D models of the tools. Analyzing the models of the tools and their relative position led to conclusions that revealed the error and allowed fixing the problem.

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You, Jang Shyong, and Chieh Lun Gu. "The Assessment of Communication Problem and Effect for Product Form." Advanced Materials Research 287-290 (July 2011): 2856–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.287-290.2856.

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In dealing with communications problems, this paper found through industry interviews that different form communication tools are used during the form phase in accordance with different product types and that external communication is more difficult than internal communication. In practice, communication tools of sketch and 3D computer graphics are most commonly used. While sketch can be used to quickly make a proposal, client understanding is somewhat inadequate. On the other hand, while 3D computer graphics can be used for clear expression, they require more work time on the part of designers. As a result, this paper introduces a communication tool of 2D and 3D integrated computer graphics to integrate the advantages of both types of tools and then assesses the effectiveness of the tool and sketch. Research results for communications effectiveness showed that the efficiency of sketch was increased. In terms of quality and satisfaction, different factors produced varying evaluation results. If computer graphics software can be integrated as one, realize details, and improve the 3D computer graphics capabilities of designer, then 2D and 3D integrated computer graphics can lead to great improvements in communications efficiency, quality, and satisfaction, achieving the advantages of instant feedback and common consensus with client. These results can be used as a basis and a reference for improvements in arts, design education and industry development.

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Kosourikhina, Veronika, Diarmuid Kavanagh, Michael J. Richardson, and David M. Kaplan. "Validation of deep learning-based markerless 3D pose estimation." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (October 20, 2022): e0276258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276258.

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Deep learning-based approaches to markerless 3D pose estimation are being adopted by researchers in psychology and neuroscience at an unprecedented rate. Yet many of these tools remain unvalidated. Here, we report on the validation of one increasingly popular tool (DeepLabCut) against simultaneous measurements obtained from a reference measurement system (Fastrak) with well-known performance characteristics. Our results confirm close (mm range) agreement between the two, indicating that under specific circumstances deep learning-based approaches can match more traditional motion tracking methods. Although more work needs to be done to determine their specific performance characteristics and limitations, this study should help build confidence within the research community using these new tools.

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Cloetens, Peter, Wolfgang Ludwig, Elodie Boller, Françoise Peyrin, Michel Chlenker, and Jose Baruchel. "3D IMAGING USING COHERENT SYNCHROTRON RADIATION." Image Analysis & Stereology 21, no. 4 (May 3, 2011): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5566/ias.v21.ps75-s85.

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Three dimensional imaging is becoming a standard tool for medical, scientific and industrial applications. The use of modem synchrotron radiation sources for monochromatic beam micro-tomography provides several new features. Along with enhanced signal-to-noise ratio and improved spatial resolution, these include the possibility of quantitative measurements, the easy incorporation of special sample environment devices for in-situ experiments, and a simple implementation of phase imaging. These 3D approaches overcome some of the limitations of 2D measurements. They require new tools for image analysis.

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Mandolini, Marco, Agnese Brunzini, Giulia Facco, Alida Mazzoli, Archimede Forcellese, and Antonio Gigante. "Comparison of Three 3D Segmentation Software Tools for Hip Surgical Planning." Sensors 22, no. 14 (July 13, 2022): 5242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22145242.

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In hip arthroplasty, preoperative planning is fundamental to reaching a successful surgery. Nowadays, several software tools for computed tomography (CT) image processing are available. However, research studies comparing segmentation tools for hip surgery planning for patients affected by osteoarthritic diseases or osteoporotic fractures are still lacking. The present work compares three different software from the geometric, dimensional, and usability perspectives to identify the best three-dimensional (3D) modelling tool for the reconstruction of pathological femoral heads. Syngo.via Frontier (by Siemens Healthcare) is a medical image reading and post-processing software that allows low-skilled operators to produce prototypes. Materialise (by Mimics) is a commercial medical modelling software. 3D Slicer (by slicer.org) is an open-source development platform used in medical and biomedical fields. The 3D models reconstructed starting from the in vivo CT images of the pathological femoral head are compared with the geometries obtained from the laser scan of the in vitro bony specimens. The results show that Mimics and 3D Slicer are better for dimensional and geometric accuracy in the 3D reconstruction, while syngo.via Frontier is the easiest to use in the hospital setting.

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Hawryluk, Marek, Jacek Ziemba, and Łukasz Dworzak. "Development of a Method for Tool Wear Analysis Using 3D Scanning." Metrology and Measurement Systems 24, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 739–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mms-2017-0054.

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AbstractThe paper deals with evaluation of a 3D scanning method elaborated by the authors, by applying it to the analysis of the wear of forging tools. The 3D scanning method in the first place consists in the application of scanning to the analysis of changes in geometry of a forging tool by way of comparing the images of a worn tool with a CAD model or an image of a new tool. The method was evaluated in the context of the important measurement problems resulting from the extreme conditions present during the industrial hot forging processes. The method was used to evaluate wear of tools with an increasing wear degree, which made it possible to determine the wear characteristics in a function of the number of produced forgings. The following stage was the use it for a direct control of the quality and geometry changes of forging tools (without their disassembly) by way of a direct measurement of the geometry of periodically collected forgings (indirect method based on forgings). The final part of the study points to the advantages and disadvantages of the elaborated method as well as the potential directions of its further development.

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Sánchez Climent, Álvaro, and María Luisa Cerdeño Serrano. "Propuesta metodológica para el estudio volumétrico de cerámica arqueológica a través de programas free-software de edición 3D: el caso de las necrópolis celtibéricas del área meseteña." Virtual Archaeology Review 5, no. 11 (October 23, 2014): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2014.4173.

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Nowadays the free-software programs have been converted into the ideal tools for the archaeological researches, reaching the same level as other commercial programs. For that reason, the 3D modeling tool Blender has reached in the last years a great popularity offering similar characteristics like other commercial 3D editing programs such as 3D Studio Max or AutoCAD. Recently, it has been developed the necessary script for the volumetric calculations of three-dimnesional objects, offering great possibilities to calculate the volume of the archaeological ceramics. In this paper, we present a methodological approach for the volumetric studies with Blender and a study case of funerary urns from several celtiberians cemeteries of the Spanish Meseta. The goal is to demonstrate the great possibilities that the 3D editing free-software tools have in the volumetric studies at the present time.

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Salaets, Rob, Valentin Sturm, Ted Ooijevaar, Veronika Putz, Julia Mayer, and Abdellatif Bey-Temsamani. "Optical Cutting Tool Wear Monitoring by 3D Geometry Reconstruction." PHM Society European Conference 7, no. 1 (June 29, 2022): 449–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36001/phme.2022.v7i1.3351.

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Cutting tool wear needs to be monitored closely to ensure good quality of machined parts. However, manual inspection is both expensive and time consuming, therefore there is a need for automated monitoring methods. We present a technique that can reconstruct the cutting tool surface in 3D, allowing a spatial estimation of the tool wear with high accuracy. The reconstruction allows an automated direct monitoring method that estimates at any time the cutting tool condition, avoiding conversion work and major quality issues. The optical measurement setup consists of a hardware triggered line scan camera that registers the spinning cutting tool’s shadow inflicted by a collimated backlight. We show how to leverage the 1D line scan signal acquired at varying cutting heights of the tool into a full 3D reconstruction. The progression of tool wear may thus be monitored by comparing the reconstructed shape to previous measurements. To this end we show a methodology for tool wear quantification. Additionally, to assess the measurement technique, an accuracy analysis with ground truth geometry was performed. The technique was applied to multiple degrading drilling tools. By automation of the cutting tool health monitoring, retrofitting this technology on a conventional machining center would transform it into an Industry 4.0 compatible (smart) machining center utilizing off-the-shelf optical equipment with moderate costs.

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