Relevant bibliographies by topics / Tonal range

Academic literature on the topic 'Tonal range'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Tonal range"

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Chen, Sheng Hwa. "Voice Range Profiles for Tonal Dialect of Min." Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica 60, no. 1 (November 30, 2007): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000111798.

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Dilley, Laura C. "Pitch Range Variation in English Tonal Contrasts: Continuous or Categorical?" Phonetica 67, no. 1-2 (2010): 63–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000319379.

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Yang, Cathryn, James N. Stanford, Yang Liu, Jinjing Jiang, and Liufang Tang. "Variation in the tonal space of Yangliu Lalo, an endangered language of Yunnan, China." Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 42, no. 1 (June 14, 2019): 2–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ltba.18008.yan.

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Abstract Endangered tone languages are not often studied within quantitative variationist approaches, but such approaches can provide valuable insights for language description and documentation in the Tibeto-Burman area. This study examines tone variation within Yangliu Lalo (Central Ngwi), a minority language community in China that is currently shifting to Southwestern Mandarin. Yangliu Lalo’s Tone 4, the rising-falling High tone, is lowering and flattening among young people, especially females, who also tend to use Lalo less frequently. Tonal range in elicited speech is shown to be decreasing as use of Lalo decreases. Concurrently, the standard deviation of the pitch of individual tones also decreases, while at the same time speakers with a narrow tonal range also show greater articulatory precision for each tone. Tonal range and standard deviation of pitch are both parameters of tonal space, the arrangement of, and relationship between, tones within the tonal system. The results from our apparent-time study suggest that tonal space provides a new avenue of sociolinguistic inquiry for tone languages.
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Đào, Đích Mục, and Anh-Thư T. Nguyễn. "Korean L2 learners’ perception and production of Vietnamese tones." Journal of Second Language Pronunciation 5, no. 2 (September 17, 2019): 195–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jslp.17011.dao.

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Abstract This study investigated the production and perception of Vietnamese tones by Korean second language (L2) learners [n = 11], comparing their performance in an Imitation task to that in Identification and Read-Aloud tasks. The results showed that the Imitation task was generally easier for Korean speakers than the Identification and Read-Aloud tasks, suggesting that imitation was performed without some of the skills required by the other two tasks. The result on tonal F0 range and speakers’ tonal range showed that the Korean leaners have significantly narrower tonal F0 range than control Vietnamese speakers [n = 11]. The results of error pattern analysis and tonal transcription in this study also suggested the effects of phonetic realizations of lexical tones in Vietnamese that are in interaction with language transfer from Korean phonology.
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Peacock, David. "Stages in the Development of Tonal Thinking in Compositions by Young Composers." British Journal of Music Education 11, no. 2 (July 1994): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026505170000098x.

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The increasing interest in children and young people as composers, as evidenced by the growing literature on the subject in recent years, has tended to overlook at least one important aspect of young composers' development: their sense of tonal thinking, its emergence and consolidation. This article traces these characteristics through the compositions of one boy, showing how he ‘progressed’ from pre-tonal operations to fully-established tonal procedures. The discussion of his development is deliberately limited to the examination of harmonic thinking, which manifests itself before long(er)-range tonal planning (in the form of tonality or key schemes) becomes a focus of concern.
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Reich, Alan R., Julie A. Mason, Robert R. Frederickson, and Robert S. Schlauch. "Factors Influencing Fundamental Frequency Range Estimates in Children." Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders 54, no. 3 (August 1989): 429–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshd.5403.429.

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Selected elicitation conditions were manipulated to determine their effect on fundamental frequency (F o ) range estimates in children. Forty normal children each responded to five autiotaped tone conditions: (a) discrete steps, (b) slow steps, (c) fast steps, (d) slow glissando, and (e) fast glissando. These tonal stimuli were devised to elicit each child's maximal and minimal F o . The traditional discrete-steps condition was associated with a lower maximal F o , higher minimal F o , and a more restricted F o range than all other conditions.
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Guez, Jonathan. "Toward a Theory of Recapitulatory Tonal Alterations." Journal of Music Theory 63, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 209–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00222909-7795269.

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Despite differences in critical alignment, epistemological underpinnings, and reportorial coverage, studies of sonata forms nevertheless tend to share one feature: they devote the least amount of space to recapitulations. Two presuppositions might explain this neglect: (1) the recapitulation is an exact (or near-exact) restatement of the exposition’s thematic materials, and (2) it takes but one tonal alteration (or “adjustment”) of these materials to make a recapitulation conclude in the key in which it began. This article aims to examine the second of these presuppositions in hopes of painting a more complete and analytically adequate picture of actual practices. Its goals are, first, to give an idea of the range of strategies available to composers of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and, second, to show how familiarity with these strategies can open a space for new interpretations of formal drama and the plotting of narrative. The central analytic section of the article presents a taxonomy of six compositional strategies for making tonal alterations: alterations in silence, immediate alterations, thick alterations, multiple alterations, alterations without adjustment, and self-effacing alterations.
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Mahanta, Shakuntala, Amalesh Gope, and Priti Raychoudhury. "Pitch Range and Voice Quality in Dimasa Focus Intonation." Languages 6, no. 4 (November 8, 2021): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages6040185.

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This paper presents an analysis of Dimasa focus intonation. The acoustic analysis shows that narrow focus sentences undergo a jump in the pitch range irrespective of the underlying tonal value of the morpheme it attaches to. In addition to f0 expansion, the prosodic property of focus in Dimasa was found to have different (tense) phonation in morphologically marked narrow focus sentences when compared to the broad focus context. Thus, the tense phonation property of sentences bearing morphological focus is not only an acoustic property of a higher pitch range but may also be an acoustic cue of discourse-level intonation.
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Barsz, Kathy. "Auditory pattern perception: The effect of tonal frequency range on the perception of temporal order." Perception & Psychophysics 43, no. 3 (May 1988): 293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03207873.

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McKinnon, Sean. "TBLT INSTRUCTIONAL EFFECTS ON TONAL ALIGNMENT AND PITCH RANGE IN L2 SPANISH IMPERATIVES VERSUS DECLARATIVES." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 39, no. 2 (July 19, 2016): 287–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263116000267.

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The present study investigates the prosody/pragmatics interface in TBLT by extending the traditional morphological focus-on-form to a focus on intonational forms, with Spanish declaratives and imperatives. Twenty-eight intermediate L2 Spanish learners were assigned to one of two conditions that differed in the type of focus-on-form present during the pre- and posttask phases of a focused, task-based intervention: focus on grammar (FOG) or focus on grammar + intonation (FOG + I). All participants were administered an oral discourse completion task in a pre- and a posttest that elicited Spanish imperatives and declaratives to measure gains. Results show that participants, regardless of condition, did not distinguish imperatives from declaratives using intonation in the pretest. However, participants in the FOG + I condition modified their pitch range and pitch accents in the posttest to signal a difference between imperatives and declaratives, though their use was different from the input provided by a native speaker instructor.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tonal range"

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Jaroensri, Ronnachai. "Predicting range of acceptable photographic tonal adjustments." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99862.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 57-58).
There is often more than one way to select tonal adjustment for a photograph, and different individuals may prefer different adjustments. However, selecting good adjustments is challenging. This thesis describes a method to predict whether a given tonal rendition is acceptable for a photograph, which we use to characterize its range of acceptable adjustments. We gathered a dataset of image "acceptability" over brightness and contrast adjustments. We find that unacceptable renditions can be explained in terms of over-exposure, under-exposure, and low contrast. Based on this observation, we propose a machine-learning algorithm to assess whether an adjusted photograph looks acceptable. We show that our algorithm can differentiate unsightly renditions from reasonable ones. Finally, we describe proof-of-concept applications that use our algorithm to guide the exploration of the possible tonal renditions of a photograph.
by Ronnachai Jaroensri.
S.M.
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Scala, Michael Grant. "A study of the accuracy of reproduction of measured photography : a method to equate the tonal range of the color transparency to the tonal range of the photomechanical reproduction /." Online version of thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11239.

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Al-Hajji, Bader N. "The effect of flashing in reducing the tonal range of a transparency for photomechanical reproduction / by /." Online version of thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11266.

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Harris, Lee Davis. "A Study of Intensity Control in Males with Developing Voices: Implications for Pitch Range and Tessitura." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277974/.

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Research on voice change in males has generally fallen into two categories: music education studies of changes in the singing voice and speech studies of changes in the speaking voice. These studies rarely consider differences in the dynamic ability of male singers at different stages of vocal development. The concept of tessitura, a portion of the vocal range in which the singer sounds best, is referred to in the literature on vocal music, but the means for identifying its size and location within the range have not been consistently specified. Tessitura appears to be a portion of the range which is most controllable in terms of dynamics and agility and is optimal in tonal quality. This study used the phonetograph to investigate differences in measures of intensity control between pre-pubertal, pubertal (changing) and post-pubertal voices in 48 males aged 9 to 18 years old. These intensity measures were compared to ratings of vocal effort from a panel of 4 music educators in order to determine if tessitura could be identified from acoustic and perceptual evidence of an optimum vocal area. Results of the study were: 1) post-pubertal voices demonstrated greater control of vocal intensity as revealed in lower mean minimum and comfortable intensity measures, higher overall maximum intensity measures and a larger minimum-to-maximum intensity range; 2) intensity measures for pubertal voices were similar to those observed in pre-pubertal voices, contrary to trends suggested in the literature on voice change; 3) the Greatest Dynamic Range (GDR) on the phonetograph, indicating the range in which singers had the most dynamic control, was smaller than the range in which the singers were judged to sound best; 4) tessitura originated in the lower portion of the vocal range, around the location of mean speaking fundamental frequency. Although registers were not specifically investigated, tessitura appeared to be primarily related to modal register in singers who had completed voice change.
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Гуменюк, Інна Леонідівна, and Inna Leonidivna Humeniuk. "Тональні хаарктеристики міських статично-динамічних пейзажних описів англомовної прози." Київ, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2020. http://repository.sspu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8870.

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Результати аудитивного аналізу тональних характеристик міських статично-динамічних пейзажних описів можуть становити інтерес для філологів, зокрема фонетистів.
У тезах подано результати аудитивного аналізу тональних характреристик англомовних прозових міських статично-динамічних пейзажних описів. Аудитивний аналіз здійснено аудиторами-фонетистами, які визначали тональні параметри аналізованих міських пейзажних описів. Серед яких: середній та підвищений висхідний передтакт, усічена шкала, поступово спадна ступінчаста шкала, поступово спадна ступінчаста шкала з порушеною поступовістю, низький та середній спадні термінальні тони, звужений тональний діапазон у статичних ділянках та середній, розширений, широкий діапазон в динамічних ділянках, нульовий інтервал між інтоногрупами та сегментами їхнього інтонаційного контуру.
The paper deals with the auditory analysis of the tonal features of English urban static-and-dynamic landscape descriptions. The auditory analysis made by phoneticians resulted in distinguishing the tonal parameters of urban landscape descriptions under study. They are: medium and raised ascending on-set; checked head, gradually descending stepping head and gradually descending stepping broken head; low and medium falling terminal tone; narrowed tonal range in static parts and the medium, broadened and broad tonal range in dynamic parts; zero tonal interval between adjacent intonation groups and segments of their intonation contour.
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Young, Eleanor Dawn, and ellie@goldstreetstudios com au. "Mechanisms of Controlling Colour and Aesthetic Appearance of the Photographic Salt Print." RMIT University. Applied Science, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080901.142948.

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Abstract The salt print is an important part of photography, both in its historic value and in the tonal range it can provide. This tonal range is greater than any other photographic printing process available to date attributed to the inherent masking ability of the metallic silver. However the intrinsic production problems have made it a 'forgotten' process. There are five key problems. 1. The difficulties in achieving the potential extensive tonal range. 2. The varying colour of the print. 3. Staining that appears in the print, during and after processing. 4. Instability and longevity of the salt print. 5. Contradictory and inaccurate information in material published on the salt print. Although the emphasis of the research is on exploring and controlling the colour and tonal range, the staining problems and stability of the print are also addressed. The materials used for contact negatives today vary in both capture and output, from analogue film processed in the traditional wet darkroom to a variety of transparent film printed from digital files. Inadequate density and tonal range can affect all types of negatives. To provide sufficient exposure time for the salt prints extended tonal range adjustments to the negative were necessary. These long exposures then converted sufficient silver salts to the image making metallic silver, utilising the intrinsic self-masking process. Ultimately this research has uncovered ways to control colour and tonal range and certain aesthetic qualities of the salt print, while simultaneously resolving some of the conflicts in published information. Accurate and consistent methods of processing eliminate staining, providing some stability to the print. The activities and steps carried out to make a salt print are manual; precise duplication is therefore almost unattainable. Nevertheless, although tests on a densitometer may display numeric differences, visual differences are barely noticeable.
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Cyriac, Praveen. "Tone mapping based on natural image statistics and visual perception models." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/402574.

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Les tècniques d'imatge d'alt rang dinàmic (HDR) potencialment permeten la captura i l'emmagatzematge de tota la informació de llum en una escena. No obstant això, els dispositius comuns de visualització són limitats en termes de les seves capacitats de contrast i brillantor, per tant, les imatges HDR han de ser mapejades tonalment abans de presentar-les en un dispositiu de visualització per assegurar que es reprodueix l'aspecte original de l'escena. En aquesta tesi, es prenen dos enfocaments del problema de mapeig tonal. En primer lloc, es desenvolupa un marc general per a la millora de qualsevol imatge mapejada tonalment mitjançant la reducció de la distància a la corresponent imatge HDR en termes d'una mètrica perceptiva no local. La distància es redueix al mínim per mitjà d'un algoritme de descens de gradient. En segon lloc, es desenvolupa un operador de mapeig tonal (TMO) en temps real que s'adapta bé a les estadístiques d'escenes naturals, i concorda amb els nous descobriments psicofísics i dades neurofísiques. Determinem les correctes adaptacions no lineals necessàries per als nostres resultats de mapeig tonal per tal d'obtenir l'aparença òptima en diferents condicions de visualització, a través d'experiments psicofísics i desenvolupar un mètode automàtic per poder predir dades experimentals. El nostre TMO produeix resultats d'aspecte natural, sense cap tipus d'artefactes espacials o temporals. Els tests de preferència dels usuaris mostren que el nostre mètode obté millors resultats en comparació amb les tècniques més recents. El TMO és ràpid i podria ser implementat en el hardware de la càmera. Pot ser utilitzat per al monitoratge de càmeres HDR en pantalles regulars, com a substitut de la correcció gamma, i com una manera de proporcionar al colorista amb contingut que té alhora un aspecte natural i una aparença nítida i clara.
High Dynamic Range (HDR) imaging techniques potentially allow for the capture and storage of the full information of light in a scene. However, common display devices are limited in terms of their contrast and brightness capabilities, thus HDR images must be tone mapped before presentation on a display device to ensure that the original appearance of the scene is reproduced. In this thesis, we take two approaches to the tone mapping problem. First, we develop a general framework for improving any tone mapped image by reducing the distance with the corresponding HDR image in terms of a non-local perceptual metric. The distance is minimized by means of a gradient descent algorithm. Second, we develop a real-time Tone Mapping Operator (TMO) that is well suited to the statistics of natural scenes, and is in keeping with new psychophysical findings and neurophysical data. We determine the adequate non-linear adjustments needed for our tone mapping results to look best in different viewing conditions through a psychophysical experiment and develop an automatic method that can predict the experimental data. Our TMO produces results that look natural, without any spatio-temporal artifacts. User preference tests show that our method outperforms state of the art approaches. The TMO is fast and could be implemented on camera hardware. It can be used for on-set monitoring of HDR cameras on regular displays, as a substitute for gamma correction, and as a way of providing the colorist with content that is both natural looking and has a crisp and clear appearance.
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Clarkson, Kevin Owen. "Leading the local church in long-range planning for total church growth." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1990. http://www.tren.com.

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Grace, Brian. "Apparent Total Evaporative Resistance Values from Human Trials Over a Range of Heat Stress Levels." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3125.

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Clothing can influence heat stress depending on the design and its ability to act as a barrier. The progressive heat stress protocol permitted the collection of data to empirically estimate the apparent total evaporative resistance (Re,T,a). Five different clothing ensembles were evaluated, which included work clothes, cotton coveralls, and three limited-use protective clothing ensembles including a pthesis-barrier ensemble, (Tyvek® 1424), water-barrier, vapor-permeable ensemble (NexGen® LS 417), and a vapor-barrier ensemble (Tychem QC®). The study design called for three metabolic level's: low, moderate, and high (L, M, & H) and three heat stages: compensable, transitional, uncompensable (C, T, U). The purpose of this study was to determine if Re,T,a values remained constant over a range of metabolic and heat stage levels. Calculated Re,T,a values were compared using a four-way mixed model analysis of variance. Significant differences for Re,T,a were found among ensembles, metabolic levels, heat stress stages, as well as interactions among ensembles and metabolic levels along with ensembles and heat stress stages (p < 0.0001). A Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference multiple comparison test identified where significant differences occurred (p < 0.05). Results show Re,T,a values differ over a range of metabolic levels and stages of heat stress. Additionally, convection is more supportive of evaporative cooling than diffusion.
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Turley, G. A. "Graphical representation of range of motion in the assessment of total hip arthroplasty : innovation report." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/60376/.

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Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) is a successful technique restoring lost mobility to patients suffering from osteoarthritis. A successful THA normalises the biomechanics of the hip joint so that a patient can achieve the required range of motion to fulfil their daily activities. A recent development in THA implant technologies has been the introduction of femoral neck modularity. Assessment of femoral neck modularity has been limited by two factors. Firstly, range of motion requirement is not well understood and secondly previous clinical reports have lacked a comparison against an established successful THA implant. This study has successfully addressed these limiting factors by developing an innovative range of motion benchmark which considers the activities a person is required to undertake during their daily routine. The benchmark was developed using a systematic review of the literature focussing on hip joint biomechanics. This has been the first study to provide a clinically meaningful representation of hip joint range of motion which permits operative outcome to be directly compared against an established benchmark. Integration of the range of motion benchmark within the surgical environment was achieved by using a surgical navigation measurement device. Intra-operative measurement meant that post-operative range of motion could be simulated and compared against the requirement set by the range of motion benchmark. Distinct outcome measures have been able to be developed using this comparison which has allowed the surgical process to be assessed like a manufacturing system. Using these outcome measures, it was found that femoral neck modularity has greater potential to adjust implant orientation in comparison to non-modular femoral neck implants to achieve the ideal range of motion. However, this potential is being limited due to the current modular neck options available and because of difficulty experienced by the surgeon in assessing implant orientation. These findings have been used to develop a medical device which provides guidance to the surgeon about the THA implant orientation and thus allow them to able to make the correct modular neck choice to maximise range of motion and improve the operative outcome for the patient.
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Books on the topic "Tonal range"

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Aaron, Jeffrey C. The effects of vocal coordination instruction on the pitch accuracy, range, pitch discrimination, and tonal memory of inaccurate singers. [Iowa City: s.n.], 1990.

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Intermetall, ITT. Transistors: Total product range for consumer applications and professional electronics. Freiburg: ITT Intermetall, 1996.

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Sheridan, Bruce M. Policy deployment: The TQM approach to long-range planning. Milwaukee, Wis: ASQC Quality Press, 1993.

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1952-, Reynolds Cecil R., ed. Essentials of WRAML2 and TOMAL-2 assessment. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley, 2009.

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Saltsman, James F. Computer programs to characterize alloys and predict cyclic life using the total strain version of strainrange partitioning: Tutorial and users manual, version 1.0. Cleveland, Ohio: Lewis Research Center, 1992.

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Afanasenko, Ivan, and Vera Borisova. Logistics in the system of total knowledge. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1521266.

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In the monograph, logistics is presented in an unusual form - as an element of a system of general, aggregate knowledge. This allowed the authors to reach new levels of knowledge and solve a number of complex problems. The scientific theory of logistics is presented as a system of laws, categories and principles ordered according to internal causal necessity and explaining the nature of economic flows. The scientific substantiation of the complete logistics system as a set of complexes of activities and resistances is given. Using the example of the functioning of logistics flows, the effect of the law of selection and the law of measure is shown in the form of a struggle of forms, in which more perfect forms survive, and less perfect forms are destroyed. A strict scientific approach, the richness of the text with information are combined with an accessible way of presentation, which allows the book to be addressed to a wide range of readers.
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Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos (Nicaragua). Total de vivienda y población por rango de edades, según departamento, municipio comarca y localidades [nombre del departamento]. Managua, Nicaragua]: INEC, 1996.

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Osborn, Arnetia. Delinquent tax records, 1845 through 1855, Effingham County, Illinois: These records include owners names, parts of section, section nos., range, acres, valuation, year tax due, state revenue, state special tax, county tax, poor tax, and total amount due. Effingham, Ill. (P.O. Box 1166, Effingham 62401): Effingham County Genealogical Society, 1995.

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Lehman, Frank. Tonal Practices. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190606398.003.0002.

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This chapter lays out a series of conventions toward pitch design that both constrain musical meaning making in film and enable its unique effects. The chapter begins by examining the idiom of late Romanticism in European art music and the ways in which film music conforms to and differs from that model. This exploration is followed by a discussion of three vital aspects of American cinematic tonality: subordination, immediacy, and referentiality. Examples are drawn from an expansive set of filmmaking eras and styles; these range from the early days of the Sound Era to far more contemporary sounds. Beginning in this chapter, the beginnings of an interpretive methodology are constructed, recruiting from approaches as diverse as leitmotivic, atonal, Schenkerian, and audiovisual styles of analysis.
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Downing, Laura J., and Larry M. Hyman. Information Structure in Bantu. Edited by Caroline Féry and Shinichiro Ishihara. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199642670.013.010.

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For some 40 years, the role that information structure (IS) plays in the grammatical structure of the ca. 500 Bantu languages has been the topic of considerable research. In this chapter we review the role of prosody, morphology and syntax in expressing IS in Bantu languages. We show that prosodic prominence does not play an important role; rather syntax and morphology are more important. For example, syntactic constructions like clefts and and immediately after the verb position correlate with focus, while dislocations correlate with topic. Among the morphological properties relevant to IS are the “inherently focused” TAM features (progressive, imperative, negative etc.) and the “conjoint-disjoint” distinction on verbs, as well as well as the presence vs. absence of the Bantu augment on nominals. Finally, we consider a range of tonal effects which at least indirectly correlate with IS (tonal domains, metatony, tone cases).
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Book chapters on the topic "Tonal range"

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Stjernström, Mårten, Lars Rosengren, Johan Holm, Mattias Vangbo, and Stig Tormod. "A Multi-Nozzle Piezoelectric Microdispenser for Improving the Dynamic Volumetric Range of Droplets." In Micro Total Analysis Systems 2000, 79–82. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2264-3_17.

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Vogel, Horst. "Membrane Receptor Proteins at Interfaces for Bioanalytics in the Micro- and Nanometer Range." In Micro Total Analysis Systems 2001, 242–43. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-1015-3_103.

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Lisec, T., S. Mühlmann, S. Grünzig, and B. Wagner. "Controlled Pipetting of Liquids in the Sub-µL-Range Based on the Level Detection Inside a Capillary." In Micro Total Analysis Systems 2001, 135–36. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-1015-3_55.

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Nikou, Constantinos, Branislav Jaramaz, and Anthony M. DiGioia. "Range of motion after total hip arthroplasty: Simulation of non-axisymmetric implants." In Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention — MICCAI’98, 700–709. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0056257.

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Oehy, J., and K. Bider. "Design Parameter to Improve Range of Motion (ROM) in Total Hip Arthroplasty." In Bioceramics in Joint Arthroplasty, 149–55. Heidelberg: Steinkopff, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7985-1968-8_26.

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Shetty D, Pushparaj, and M. Prasanna Lakshmi. "Minimizing the Total Range with Two Power Levels in Wireless Sensor Networks." In Advanced Computing and Communication Technologies, 183–91. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0680-8_17.

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Hoshino, Akiho. "Influence of Design on the Range of Motion After Total Knee Arthroplasty." In Reconstruction of the Knee Joint, 324–29. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68464-0_42.

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Kawasaki, Yasuhiro, Fumihiko Ino, Yoshinobu Sato, Nobuhiko Sugano, Hideki Yoshikawa, Shinichi Tamura, and Kenichi Hagihara. "Real-Time Estimation of Hip Range of Motion for Total Hip Replacement Surgery." In Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention – MICCAI 2004, 629–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30136-3_77.

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Jaramaz, B., C. Nikou, D. A. Simon, and A. M. DiGioia. "Range of motion after total hip arthroplasty: Experimental verification of the analytical simulator." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 573–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0029282.

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Trochaniak, Sunny, Megan Allen, Eric Mallia, Jennifer Bauman, and Matthew Stevens. "Personalized Total Cost of Ownership and Range-Capability Assessment as an EV Sales Accelerator." In Electric Vehicle Business Models, 179–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12244-1_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Tonal range"

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Liu, Xiaoluan, and Yi Xu. "Pitch perception and surprise in Mandarin Chinese: Evidence for parallel encoding via additive division of pitch range." In Tonal Aspects of Languages 2016. ISCA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/tal.2016-28.

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Jaroensri, Ronnachai, Sylvain Paris, Aaron Hertzmann, Vladimir Bychkovsky, and Fredo Durand. "Predicting Range of Acceptable Photographic Tonal Adjustments." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Computational Photography (ICCP). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccphot.2015.7168372.

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Wen, Wei, and Siamak Khatibi. "A software method to extend tonal levels and widen tonal range of CCD sensor images." In 2015 9th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icspcs.2015.7391769.

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Beal, David N., Stephen Huyer, Daniel L. Macumber, and Anuradha M. Annaswamy. "Blade Tonal Noise Reduction Using Stator Trailing-Edge Articulation." In ASME 2005 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2005-77446.

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The biologically-inspired method of trailing-edge articulation is investigated as a means of reducing tonal noise due to the stator wake / rotor blade interaction in underwater vehicles. This work is experimental in nature and conducted in the closed channel water tunnel at Naval Undersea Warfare Center in Newport, Rhode Island. Tail articulation is carried out with a life scale stator model with hinged flapping tail designed to (i) operate in freestream velocities corresponding to Reynolds number in the range 75,000 &lt; Re &lt; 300,000 and (ii) operate at frequencies up to 30 Hz in order to investigate the range of Strouhal number 0.0 &lt; St &lt; 0.35. Velocity measurements in the active stator wake are carried out by Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) in order to investigate the effects of tail articulation on the stator wake. Time averaged measurements of the stator wake by LDV show that Strouhal number of the tail articulation has a dominant effect on the time mean stator drag. Instantaneous phase-averaged measurements of the stator wake by PIV show three regimes of the stator wake as Strouhal number is increased; quasi-steady wake spreading, vortex roll up, and strong vortex wake. Ongoing experiments with an instrumented propeller will demonstrate the efficacy of stator trailing-edge articulation on reducing unsteady blade forces.
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Seto, Mae L. "Platform Protection Through Acoustic Signature Management." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13724.

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A naval ship's acoustic signature is known after a ranging but changes the longer it is in-service away from a range. The Ship Signatures Management System (SSMS) provides an organic real-time capability to predict their own signature and enough information to mitigate signature issues. SSMS provides the Commanding Officer with a tool to determine the ship's acoustic signature in order to evaluate the impact of his/her proposed actions on the ship's counter-detection range and sensor performance. In this manner, the ship's protection is enhanced through insightful and timely signature management. DRDC has upgraded the SSMS hardware to state-of-the-art components to increase the number of sensors, the fidelity of the logged data, the dynamic range, and the processing power. This paper discusses some of the advanced SSMS features developed like tonal detection and tracking, tonal association, and the diagnostics used to determine the cause of features in the acoustic signature.
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Harrigan, Timothy P., Gopal Samavedam, and S. K. Punwani. "A New Approach for Noise and Vibration Control in Locomotive Cabs." In ASME 2007 Rail Transportation Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/rtdf2007-46011.

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Noise and vibrations in locomotive cabs can significantly affect crew performance and cause long-term ailments, such as hearing loss, fatigue, and low back pain. Methods to reduce noise and vibrations have been implemented for the high frequency range but resulted in low frequency resonances. These resonances can exacerbate low frequency vibrations (<0.5 Hz), which can cause motion sickness. In addition, a tonal noise exists in the 50 to 200 Hz frequency range, which is more annoying than broadband noise, and which is not addressed in current noise reduction methods based on A-weighted noise metrics. To reduce vibration, the innovative approach proposed here will consider isolating only the floor of the cab rather than the whole cab as was previously reported in the literature. The isolation is achieved using nonlinear springs and dampers that provide isolation at high frequencies while avoiding resonances at low frequencies. The smaller inertia of the floor, controls, and crew, as compared to the entire cab, makes the necessary components much less expensive. To reduce the tonal noise in the range 50 to 200 Hz, active noise control is used in the vicinity of the crew seats. Analyses have shown that this new approach is very promising, and demonstrations are planned for mockups of locomotive cabs.
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Lacombe, Romain, Philippe Lafon, Frédéric Daude, Fabien Crouzet, Samir Ziada, and Christophe Bailly. "Experimental and Numerical 3D Study of Flow-Sound Interaction in a Steam-Line Gate Valve." In ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2013-97662.

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Piping systems conveying gases at high pressure often generate high level of vibration and noise. These phenomena, in many cases, are initiated by the coupling between an unstable separated flow and an acoustic mode of the piping system. Various types of cavities in pipe flow are among the flow geometries which are known to be liable to the generation of tonal noise. Flow over cavities in ducts and piping systems has been investigated extensively for two and three dimensional situations. In this case, the feedback loop which generates the tonal noise is caused by the coupling between the instability of the shear layer forming at the cavity opening and an acoustic mode. This paper presents a study of tonal noise generation by subsonic pipe flows over a cavity formed inside a fully open gate valve. Previous 2D and 3D studies, presented in a companion paper, have shown that the presence of the valve-seat cavity is responsible for the generation of acoustic tonal noise. In this paper, the full 3D geometry of the valve, on a small scale model, is studied with experiments and using an unsteady compressible flow solver developed at EDF. Experimentally, the evolution of the fluid acoustic coupling in term of frequency and amplitude with the flow velocity is studied. Also, a modal analysis have been done to identify the frequency of acoustic mode of the valve. Numerically, the complex 3D geometry is meshed and computation is performed. The results show an acoustic tonal noise in a frequency range compatible with that experimentally. The study is underway, future analysis of the velocity and acoustic fields in the simulation may help to identify the shear layer and acoustic modes and to identify how they couple together.
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Rodarte, Enrique, and Norman Miller. "Flow-Induced Noise From Short Aspect Ratio Cylinders Inside a Rectangular Duct." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33409.

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Flow-induced tonal noise and acoustic resonance problems are found in a variety of applications that range from nuclear power plant heat exchangers to automobile air conditioning evaporators. This tonal component of noise can be associated with the fluctuating forces produced in bluff bodies when subject to flow. Fluctuating forces can be represented as acoustic dipoles [Blake]. An acoustic model based on the inhomogeneous convected Helmholtz equation with a point dipole source term, volumetric damping and damping at the duct walls was used in conjunction with experimental measurements to study the acoustic field produced by short aspect ratio cylinders inside a rectangular duct with flow. The model was able to predict the acoustic field produced by the cylinders once an appropriate fluctuating lift coefficient was estimated and employed. Fluctuating lift coefficients found using the model and an optimization procedure were in reasonable agreement with results reported in the literature.
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Vanoostveen, Paul, and Samir Ziada. "Flow-Induced Noise of Perforated Plates at Oblique Angles of Incidence." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65405.

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This paper investigates experimentally the mechanism of tone generation from flow over a simplified model of a perforated plate. To simplify the geometry to two dimensions, a perforated plate is modeled by a series of rectangular slats with an adjustable gap width between them. This apparatus is tested at various angles of incidence and flow velocities, to identify the conditions favorable to the production of tonal noise. The results of this research are presented in two main parts. First, the acoustic response of the test plates is documented by means of microphone measurements. It is found that for an angle of incidence between 5 and 30 degrees and a flow velocity of 10 to 30 m/s, tonal noise is produced. Outside of this range of angles, the produced sound is broadband. In the second part, phase-locked particle image velocimetry (PIV) is used to study the flow field. It is found that vortices form in the free shear layer of the gaps between the slats. These vortices impinge on the side of the downstream slat and are then ejected through the gap to the backside of the plate. As these vortices leave the edge of the downstream slat, counter rotating vortices are shed in sympathy with the incident vortices. Vortex pairs are therefore periodically shed which are thought to be the cause of tone generation.
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Williams, Keith A., George Chiu, and Robert Bernhard. "Stability Analysis of a Shape Memory Alloy Adaptive Tuned Vibration Absorber Under PI Control With Anti-Windup." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/dsc-24551.

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Abstract This paper presents a stability analysis of a continuously controlled adaptive tuned vibration absorber (ATVA) incorporating shape memory alloy (SMA) structural elements to realize attenuation of the vibration of a primary system subject to uncertain tonal excitation. The objective is for the SMA ATVA stiffness to be adapted such that a relative phase angle of −90° is achieved between the vibration of the SMA ATVA and the primary mass. The Lyapunov-based stability analysis indicates that the system is stable under proportional-plus-integral control across the operating range of the SMA ATVA when an integral reset is included in the control algorithm. The integral reset also substantially improves the performance of the system when compared to the original PI controller without reset.
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Reports on the topic "Tonal range"

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Pedersen, Gjertrud. Symphonies Reframed. Norges Musikkhøgskole, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22501/nmh-ar.481294.

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Symphonies Reframed recreates symphonies as chamber music. The project aims to capture the features that are unique for chamber music, at the juncture between the “soloistic small” and the “orchestral large”. A new ensemble model, the “triharmonic ensemble” with 7-9 musicians, has been created to serve this purpose. By choosing this size range, we are looking to facilitate group interplay without the need of a conductor. We also want to facilitate a richness of sound colours by involving piano, strings and winds. The exact combination of instruments is chosen in accordance with the features of the original score. The ensemble setup may take two forms: nonet with piano, wind quartet and string quartet (with double bass) or septet with piano, wind trio and string trio. As a group, these instruments have a rich tonal range with continuous and partly overlapping registers. This paper will illuminate three core questions: What artistic features emerge when changing from large orchestral structures to mid-sized chamber groups? How do the performers reflect on their musical roles in the chamber ensemble? What educational value might the reframing unfold? Since its inception in 2014, the project has evolved to include works with vocal, choral and soloistic parts, as well as sonata literature. Ensembles of students and professors have rehearsed, interpreted and performed our transcriptions of works by Brahms, Schumann and Mozart. We have also carried out interviews and critical discussions with the students, on their experiences of the concrete projects and on their reflections on own learning processes in general. Chamber ensembles and orchestras are exponents of different original repertoire. The difference in artistic output thus hinges upon both ensemble structure and the composition at hand. Symphonies Reframed seeks to enable an assessment of the qualities that are specific to the performing corpus and not beholden to any particular piece of music. Our transcriptions have enabled comparisons and reflections, using original compositions as a reference point. Some of our ensemble musicians have had first-hand experience with performing the original works as well. Others have encountered the works for the first time through our productions. This has enabled a multi-angled approach to the three central themes of our research. This text is produced in 2018.
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Derrien, H. Average Neutron Total Cross Sections in the Unresolved Energy Range From ORELA High Resolutio Transmission Measurements. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/861677.

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Manninen, Terhikki, and Pauline Stenberg. Influence of forest floor vegetation on the total forest reflectance and its implications for LAI estimation using vegetation indices. Finnish Meteorological Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35614/isbn.9789523361379.

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Recently a simple analytic canopy bidirectional reflectance factor (BRF) model based on the spectral invariants theory was presented. The model takes into account that the recollision probability in the forest canopy is different for the first scattering than the later ones. Here this model is extended to include the forest floor contribution to the total forest BRF. The effect of the understory vegetation on the total forest BRF as well as on the simple ratio (SR) and the normalized difference (NDVI) vegetation indices is demonstrated for typical cases of boreal forest. The relative contribution of the forest floor to the total BRF was up to 69 % in the red wavelength range and up to 54 % in the NIR wavelength range. Values of SR and NDVI for the forest and the canopy differed within 10 % and 30 % in red and within 1 % and 10 % in the NIR wavelength range. The relative variation of the BRF with the azimuth and view zenith angles was not very sensitive to the forest floor vegetation. Hence, linear correlation of the modelled total BRF and the Ross-thick kernel was strong for dense forests (R2 > 0.9). The agreement between modelled BRF and satellite-based reflectance values was good when measured LAI, clumping index and leaf single scattering albedo values for a boreal forest were used as input to the model.
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Tomlinson, Brian. Total Official Support for Sustainable Development (TOSSD): Game changer or mirage? ActionAid, AidWatch Canada, Oxfam International, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.7390.

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Total Official Support for Sustainable Development, or TOSSD, is a new statistical metric that has been in the making for almost 10 years. It is meant to capture a broad range of global flows of public money in support of sustainable development. These include aid, loans on non-concessional terms, and public funds aimed at mobilising private finance for development. Metrics matter. It is essential to track the resources that the international community is allocating to turn the ambitions of Agenda 2030 and its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into reality. Without such data, it is impossible to determine whether there is progress. ActionAid, AidWatch Canada and Oxfam International are publishing this discussion paper to shed light on how TOSSD works in practice as well as on its ambitions, shortcomings and the contending political perspectives on this new metric. The paper emphasizes that TOSSD could significantly shape the future of development finance.
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Derrien, H. NEUTRON TOTAL CROSS SECTIONS OF 235U FROM TRANSMISSION MEASUREMENTS IN THE ENERGY RANGE 2 keV to 300 keV AND STATISTICAL MODEL ANALYSIS OF THE DATA. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/815777.

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Grumet, Rebecca, and Benjamin Raccah. Identification of Potyviral Domains Controlling Systemic Infection, Host Range and Aphid Transmission. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7695842.bard.

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Potyviruses form one of the largest and most economically important groups of plant viruses. Individual potyviruses and their isolates vary in symptom expression, host range, and ability to overcome host resistance genes. Understanding factors influencing these biological characteristics is of agricultural importance for epidemiology and deployment of resistance strategies. Cucurbit crops are subject to severe losses by several potyviruses including the highly aggressive and variable zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV). In this project we sought to investigate protein domains in ZYMV that influence systemic infection and host range. Particular emphasis was on coat protein (CP), because of known functions in both cell to cell and long distance movement, and helper component-protease (HC-Pro), which has been implicated to play a role in symptom development and long distance movement. These two genes are also essential for aphid mediated transmission, and domains that influence disease development may also influence transmissibility. The objectives of the approved BARD project were to test roles of specific domains in the CP and HC-Pro by making sequence alterations or switches between different isolates and viruses, and testing for infectivity, host range, and aphid transmissibility. These objectives were largely achieved as described below. Finally, we also initiated new research to identify host factors interacting with potyviral proteins and demonstrated interaction between the ZYMV RNA dependent RNA polymerase and host poly-(A)-binding protein (Wang et al., in press). The focus of the CP studies (MSU) was to investigate the role of the highly variable amino terminus (NT) in host range determination and systemic infection. Hybrid ZYMV infectious clones were produced by substituting the CP-NT of ZYMV with either the CP-NT from watermelon mosaic virus (overlapping, but broader host range) or tobacco etch virus (TEV) (non- overlapping host range) (Grumet et al., 2000; Ullah ct al., in prep). Although both hybrid viruses initially established systemic infection, indicating that even the non-cucurbit adapted TEV CP-NT could facilitate long distance transport in cucurbits, after approximately 4-6, the plants inoculated with the TEV-CPNT hybrid exhibited a distinct recovery of reduced symptoms, virus titer, and virus specific protection against secondary infection. These results suggest that the plant recognizes the presence of the TEV CP-NT, which has not been adapted to infection of cucurbits, and initiates defense responses. The CP-NT also appears to play a role in naturally occurring resistance conferred by the zym locus in the cucumber line 'Dina-1'. Patterns of virus accumulation indicated that expression of resistance is developmentally controlled and is due to a block in virus movement. Switches between the core and NT domains of ZYMV-NAA (does not cause veinal chlorosis on 'Dina-1'), and ZYMV-Ct (causes veinal chlorosis), indicated that the resistance response likely involves interaction with the CP-NT (Ullah and Grumet, submitted). At the Volcani Center the main thrust was to identify domains in the HC-Pro that affect symptom expression or aphid transmissibility. From the data reported in the first and second year report and in the attached publications (Peng et al. 1998; Kadouri et al. 1998; Raccah et al. 2000: it was shown that: 1. The mutation from PTK to PAK resulted in milder symptoms of the virus on squash, 2. Two mutations, PAK and ATK, resulted in total loss of helper activity, 3. It was established for the first time that the PTK domain is involved in binding of the HC-Pro to the potyvirus particle, and 4. Some of these experiments required greater amount of HC-Pro, therefore a simpler and more efficient purification method was developed based on Ni2+ resin.
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Derrien, H., J. A. Harvey, N. M. Larson, L. C. Leal, and R. Q. Wright. Neutron Total Cross Sections of {sup 235}U From Transmission Measurements in the Energy Range 2 keV to 300 keV and Statistical Model Analysis of the Data. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/763240.

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Ho, Johnny. A Measurement of the Total Hadronic $\pi^-$ on Argon Cross Section in the Kinetic Energy Range from 0.2-1 Giga-Electron Volts in a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1781675.

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Hayward, N., and J. J. Ryan. Geophysical characteristics of the northern Cordillera. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/326069.

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Geophysical data acquired under the Geological Survey of Canada's GEM Cordillera project provide a foundation to a broad range of geological investigations in the northern Canadian Cordillera. For areas of specific geological interest, over 230 000 km of high-resolution aeromagnetic data form a mosaic of comprehensive coverage over a total area of more than 82 000 km2. The data provide a powerful and valuable legacy data set for current and future activities by the Geological Survey of Canada and academic and industry partners and clients. Foremost, geophysical data interpretation complements surface geological mapping, especially in inaccessible terrain where bedrock exposure is commonly poor, enabling clearer definition of a region's geology and structure. Beyond applications to bedrock geological mapping, geophysical modelling, integrated with geological results, affords an improved understanding of the deeper crustal structure, leading to new models of the region's tectonic development and mineral deposit context.
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Sharp, Jeremy A., Duncan B. Bryant, and Gaurav Savant. Low-Sill Control Structure Gate Load Study. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44340.

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The effort performed here describes the process to determine the gate lifting loads at the Low-Sill Control Structure. To measure the gate loads, a 1:55 Froude-scaled model of the Low-Sill Control Structure was tested. Load cells were placed on 3 of the 11 gates. Tests evaluated the gate loads for various hydraulic heads across the structure. A total of 109 tests were conducted for 14 flows with each flow having two gate settings provided by the United States Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District. The load data illustrated the potential for higher gate lifting loads (GLL) to occur at the mid-range gate opening (Go) for Gates 3 and 6. While for Gate 10, the highest GLL (452 kips, maximum load in testing) was at a Go = 4.2 ft. Conversely, for the low-flow bays, the highest load occurred at Go = 24.86 ft.
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