Journal articles on the topic 'Tomini language'

This paper discusses the issue of foreign English language teachers in the Tomini Bay area in Indonesia. Utilizing several theories such as the theory of empowerment and agency as well as teachers' identity development, this qualitative research presents a study with the interview data from 10 teachers who live and teach in the Tomini Bay area. The data were analyzed by coding the interview materials into several main areas of interest. From this, several themes emerged for discussion that seemed to be influential and contribute to understanding teachers and their experiences in the language teaching context. The study reveals that teachers' views of their remuneration, their views of teaching in this technology era and pandemic situation, and their views of local potential teaching resources are significantly different from teachers who are classified as 'empowered identity' than those who are not in the category. However, the necessity of government intervention in English language teaching success in their area emerges as a crucial factor viewed by all the 10 teachers' recollections. It is hoped that this paper discussion can reveal factors that should be considered in a model offered to develop EFL teachers and their identity development in the Tomini Bay area, which later affects the success of English teaching in the surroundings and subsequently impacts English language teaching success in Indonesia.

This paper discusses the issue of foreign English language teachers in the Tomini Bay area in Indonesia. Utilizing several theories such as the theory of empowerment and agency as well as teachers' identity development, this qualitative research presents a study with the interview data from 10 teachers who live and teach in the Tomini Bay area. The data were analyzed by coding the interview materials into several main areas of interest. From this, several themes emerged for discussion that seemed to be influential and contribute to understanding teachers and their experiences in the language teaching context. The study reveals that teachers' views of their remuneration, their views of teaching in this technology era and pandemic situation, and their views of local potential teaching resources are significantly different from teachers who are classified as 'empowered identity' than those who are not in the category. However, the necessity of government intervention in English language teaching success in their area emerges as a crucial factor viewed by all the 10 teachers' recollections. It is hoped that this paper discussion can reveal factors that should be considered in a model offered to develop EFL teachers and their identity development in the Tomini Bay area, which later affects the success of English teaching in the surroundings and subsequently impacts English language teaching success in Indonesia.

The coastal area is currently a trending spot for tourists who want to enjoy a vacation. Even now travelers are hunting for beach tourism as a diving spot for holidays, including the coast of the Tomini Bay area. Most of the Tomini Bay area is a tourist destination for local and international tourists. However, unfortunately the charm of beach tourism in the Tomini Bay area has not been broadcast nationally or internationally, either in the form of image documentation or cinematic infographics. Therefore, the purpose of this community service is to empower the community in edutourism through English language training and tourism promotion, the beach care movement, and the accessibility of tourism promotion through digital-based and bilingual cinematic infographics (virtual tour). This program is used as an initial step to form a tourism awareness group (POKDARWIS) for the Botubarani community as a form of continuing the program to strengthen the community's economy so that it is not swallowed up by the masses. This program will later form self-help and self-help groups that grow from, by and for the community as a destination for village tourism development, especially the Tomini Bay area. It is hoped that this program will be the first step to deliver Botubarani village as a tourist destination not only on a national scale, but also on an international scale.

(Title: Fukugoukakujoshi To Doujini and To Tomoni in the Japanese Language) To doujini and to tomoni in Japanese are fukugoukakujoshi (compound particles) which are both used to express two things that occur or take place simultaneously. The purpose of this study is to describe the structure and meaning of fukugoukakujoshi to doujini and to tomoni in Japanese sentences. The method used in this research is Agih with Bagi Unsur Langsung techniques. Based on research it is known that structurally to doujini and to tomoni can be attached to verbs, adjectives, and nouns. In terms of to doujini it has three meanings, that was ‘at the same time’, ‘immediately after’, and ‘and also’; to tomoni also has three meanings, that was ‘at the same time’, ‘along with’, and ‘together with’.

This study aimed to describe the affixation te r so in Java in the village Purwosari District of Tomoni East . This research uses a descriptive method. The subjects of this study were all Javanese vocabulary that experienced affixation. In this study, the authors focused on the functions and meanings of affixes contained in vocabulary. The data were obtained from people who live in the area of Purwosari through documentation techniques, interview techniques , competent listening techniques, note taking techniques, questionnaire techniques, and recording techniques . The results of this study the menu n verifiers indicate the languageIn Java, there are six types of prefixes, namely ( nge - , nya - , per - , ng - , se - , ke - ) There are eight kinds of suffixes, namely ( -ne, -e, -en, -ke, -an, -i, -kan, and was the one ) simulfix there are six kinds of ( all and -ne, per- and -an, nge- and -to, ng- and -Ni, nye- and - to, to- and - en ) . In this study, the authors did not find infix affixes. The meaning of the affix will be formed according to the affix attached to the root word and the function of the affix is ​​to change the type of word from other types of words.

Among twenty consonants found in Tajio, /tʃ/ and /dʒ/ need a further observation because in Tomini-Tolitoli languages they have been analyzed differently by different researchers. The differences pertain both to the place and manner of articulation. Aspects of Tajio phonology discussed here are nasal-obstruent sequences as well as phrasal accent. Initial nasal-obstruent sequences contradict the sonority sequencing generalization (SSG). The sequence of nasal+obstruent can be interpreted in two ways: as a prenasalized consonant or as a consonant cluster. Tajio does not have lexical (word) stress; rather, it has a phrasal accent. Without lexical stress, the presence of the pitch accent depends on the location of the syllable within the intonational phrase.

The paper includes the analyses of three books of poems by Paweł Beręsewicz: Lalki Dorotki [Dorotka’s dolls] (2004), Czy pisarzom burczy w brzuchu? [Do writers’ stomachs grumble?] (2009) oraz Złota jedenastka… [The golden eleven…] (2018). The author studies language, composition, the voice and characters creation, as well as the main idea of the three books, also paying attention to illustrations. She reconstructs the status of a speaker and a recipient, and their relationship (i.e. an adult–child relationship). It is also an attempt to place Beręsewicz’s books of poems in the context of his stories and novels.

This paper discusses implementation of a machine vision system for pattern recognition of design estimates. The main problem in the development of these systems is the choice of unique features that remain invariant to various kinds of transformations. Angular descriptors were chosen as a dominant feature. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the corner detection methods of the Moravec algorithm, the Harris algorithm, and the Shi-Tomasi algorithm. The authors have developed software in Python language that implements the operation of the Harris detector and the Shih-Tomasi detector. The recognition system is being tested for building 3D models in Blender

In banking, service delivery is related to development real technology including Internet Banking, Phone banking, SMS Banking, Mobile Banking, ATM, and Service Quality, namely services provided by human resources in this case CS (Customer Service) such as interactions directly by providing services directly with good like service in good, polite and friendly language, it can improving banking quality in improving service quality towards customers. The research method that will be used in this research is descriptive method with a case study approach. The research that researchers made using a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques through: study literature, interviews, documentation, and observations. Based on the results interviews conducted, it can be concluded that implementation technology service strategy Digital Banking at Bank Syariah Mandiri KCP Tomang has implemented four main dimensions of Digital Banking (E-Serqual), meanwhile from the observation of the implementation of the Quality Service (Quality of service) given Customer Service Bank Syariah Mandiri KCP Tomang to customers, Customer Service has implemented 10 dimensions in its service to customers, apart from that based on the conclusion of the interview that Customer Service has also been guided by the five dimensions of service, this is based from the customer's perspective on the implementation of Quality Service (Quality services) provided by Customer Service at Bank Syariah Mandiri KCP Tomang and confirmed by the observations of researchers that all indicators are considered highly good and very satisfying.

In this paper, we propose a vision-based feature tracker for the autonomous hovering of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and present an area-efficient hardware architecture for its integration into a flight control system-on-chip, which is essential for small UAVs. The proposed feature tracker is based on the Shi–Tomasi algorithm for feature detection and the pyramidal Lucas–Kanade (PLK) algorithm for feature tracking. By applying an efficient hardware structure that leverages the common computations between the Shi–Tomasi and PLK algorithms, the proposed feature tracker offers good tracking performance with fewer hardware resources than existing feature tracker implementations. To evaluate the tracking performance of the proposed feature tracker, we compared it with the GPS-based trajectories of a drone in various flight environments, such as lawn, asphalt, and sidewalk blocks. The proposed tracker exhibited an average accuracy of 0.039 in terms of normalized root-mean-square error (NRMSE). The proposed feature tracker was designed using the Verilog hardware description language and implemented on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The proposed feature tracker has 2744 slices, 25 DSPs, and 93 Kbit memory and can support the real-time processing at 417 FPS and an operating frequency of 130 MHz for 640 × 480 VGA images.

Magdalena Śniedziewska’s book discusses a theme in Gustaw Herling-Grudziński’s works which has not been thoroughly researched, i.e. their relationship with Italian literature. This is how we discover Herling-Grudziński as a writer who is simultaneously a great literary criticwho looks eagerly and with both interest (sometimes) and passion at the work of such authors as Nicola Chiaromonte, Ignazio Silone, Alberto Moravia, Luigi Pirandello, Tomasi di Lampedusa and Leonardo Sciascia. The opening chapter of the book discusses Herling-Grudziński’s condition as an emigrant and the changes in his attitude to Naples which became his second home after World War II; the final chapter is about the Polish writer’s difficult relationship with Italian book market, reconstructing the story of the reception of Inny świat (A World Apart) in Italy.

El punto de partida de este artículo es la novela Il Gattopardo de Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa. Tras estudiar la recepción española de la obra literaria, pasaremos a analizar brevemente su transposición cinematográfica de la mano del gran director neorrealista Luchino Visconti. Por último, examinaremos la versión audiodescrita de la película para el público invidente, llevada a cabo en 2006 para la ONCE. En este sentido, analizaremos el guion audiodescrito, es decir, el texto que comenta y describe todos aquellos elementos visuales que desempeñan un papel importante dentro de la película, con el fin de permitir a las personas con discapacidad visual acceder a ellos, oyendo lo que no pueden ver. Se analizarán los diferentes trasvases entre los aspectos literarios y cinematográficos y se determinará en qué medida estos transvases repercuten en la audiodescripción.

Contrast does not mean opposition or disintegration;it is an essential part of texts. A writer or a speaker resorts to theuse of contrast in order to give a vivid image of a scene or anidea. This means that when a speaker uses two oppositeexpressions, the intention is to convey a vast and clear messageof the text. When one says "black", for instance, this calls tomind the thought of "white" and this perception may haveramifications far from the intention of the sender of the message,so the speaker resorts to contrast in a similar context to showmore comprehensive sides for the specific required meaning.This paper, therefore, is devoted to the study of contrast in ImamHassan's prayers to shed light on a text from the early Islamic erabefore the spread of jargon and error in Arabic language. Threetypes of contrast are examined in three sections: Contrast inmentioning the traits of Almighty God, contrast in thecomparison between Almighty God and others of His creaturesand contrast in the features of man. The study concludes thatImam Hussein depends in his concepts on the Holy Qur'an andthe reason is that he was close to revelation of the Holy Qur'anand he was brought up by Prophet Mohammad as well as hisparents. The contrast in his prayers was an image of his age,between his father's death and his own death.

Estudos discursivos em diferentes perspectivas: mídia, sociedade e direito, coordenado por Micheline Mattedi Tomazi, Lúcia Helena Peyroton da Rocha e Júlio César Pompeo, oferece aos leitores e leitoras um conjunto de artigos que refletem sobre problemas sociais (parcialmente discursivos, tais como a violência contra mulheres, o racismo, a discriminação de gênero/ sexualidade, a violência no discurso religioso, as relações de poder nas práticas jornalísticas e jurídicas. Os textos têm em comum a filiação a abordagens discursivas pautadas na dialética entre linguagem e sociedade e o compromisso com investigações que articulem produção científica e compromisso político. O livro é um exemplo do crescente interesse entre linguistas e representantes das ciências humanas e sociais pelo desenvolvimento de pesquisas discursivas de natureza crítica e multidisciplinar. Por meio de métodos diversificados, que incluem ou não a análise de discurso textualmente orientada, estudiosos/as investigam problemas de interesse social e acolhem a agenda política de grupos discriminados, contribuindo para a superação de desigualdades e discriminações que os afetam.

<p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">Mitral valve movement is essential to be identified in order to monitor the abnormality of blood flow in right side of heart. The estimation and tracking of mitral valve has seldom been investigated since it required high temporal rate to scan the echocardiography images and it depends on the operator to capture the low-speckle and-noise images. This study presents the validation experiment performed on heart phantom made of t</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">hermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) filament which the objective is to validate the previous </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">features tracking technique implemented in mitral valve locating in video frames using Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi (KLT) algorithm. The outcome was able to automatically detect the edge of mitral valve and thus in future, it manages to predict the flowing of blood pattern. An in-vitro experiment was conducted which involved a valve phantom scanning in water tank that connected to water pump. It was found in this study that the technique capable to detect and visualize the mitral valve up to 59 frames in 2.36 secondsby tracking the features of minimum eigenvalue within the selected region. It was also produced a good agreement of valve distance between the true value and the measured one, which achieved the minimum of 88% similarity. This yielded the validation of the proposed technique to track and visualize the mitral valves. </span></span></p>

Resum: L’objectiu d’aquesta contribució és de traçar una aproximació a tres obres literàries catalanes a partir del nexe comú de la reescriptura d’escenes lligades a la semàntica del menjar. No es pretén fer cap intent de categorització, sinó disposar-les en seqüència segons el grau de relació, de menor a major, que aquests hipertextos tenen en comparació amb els seus hipotextos. Es començarà per l’ullet que Carme Riera fa a El Guepard de Tomasi di Lampedusa i, passant per les remissions de Miquel de Palol al Satyricon de Petroni, s’arribarà al remake explícit que Tina Vallès proposa davant del Palomar d’Italo Calvino. La hipòtesi en què es basa l’article és que aquestes reescriptures responen a una fórmula específica d’hipercitacionisme que, en l’àmbit de la Postmodernitat, s’aplica a partir del la idea segons la qual, davant la impossibilitat de destruir el passat, només ens queda la possibilitat de revisitar-lo –i potser, revisar-lo– de forma irònica. Paraules clau: reescriptura, postmodernitat, ironia, Carme Riera, Miquel de Palol, Tina VallèsAbstract: The aim of this contribution is to trace an approach to three Catalan literary works from the common nexus of the réécriture of semantics in food scenes. It is not intended to make any attempt at categorization, but these hypertexts will be arranged in sequence according to the degree of relationship, from minor to major, that they have in comparison with their hypotexts. It will begin with the quote that Carme Riera makes to The Guepard, by Tomasi di Lampedusa, and, passing through Miquel de Palol’s references to Satyricon, by Petronius, we will arrive at the explicit remake of Italo Calvino’s Palomar by Tina Vallès. The hypothesis of this article is that these rewritings respond to a specific form of hypercitation, which, in the Postmoderm literature, is applied to the idea that, given the impossibility of destroying the past, there remains the possibility of revisiting it –or revising it– in an ironic way.Keywords: rewriting, postmodernity, irony, Carme Riera, Miquel de Palol, Tina Vallès

This study aims to describe the socio-historic background of (1) Asma Nadia and (2) the structure of Bunda: Kisah Cinta 2 Kodi, This study uses the descriptive qualitative method. The research strategy is embedded in case studies. The research data are in the form of words, phrases, sentences, and paragraphs in the novel Bunda: Kisah Cinta 2 Kodi that contains information about the socio-historic background of Asma Nadia, and the structure of the novel. The primary data source is the novel and the secondary data source is relevant journal articles. The data were collected through the library, observation, and documentation techniques. The data were analyzed using the semiotic reading method, namely heuristic and hermeneutic reading. The results of the study are (1) Sociohistorical setting: Asma Nadia was born into a literary family (her grandfather, Teuku Muhammad Usman El Muhammady and her two siblings, Helvy Tiana Rosa and her brother Aeron Tomino, and her husband, Isa Alamsyah, were writers). Her works have particular characteristics: Islamic theme, simple language, and the struggle of Moslem women. (2) The structure of the novel: the theme is the struggle of a mother in a family. It uses the flashback method since the story takes a regressive plot. The important figures are Kartika, Aryani, Farid, Bagja, Farid’s mother, Anton’s mother and Siti. The setting: schools, Kartika boarding house, campus canteens, cinemas, bookstores, Aryani's house, hospitals, abortion clinics, Tanah Abang market, Aryani's in-law's house, mushalla, and food stalls. Time setting: 1962, 1963, 1965, 1989, 1992, 1998 and 2000. Social setting: Kartika comes from Javanese and Minangkabau parents, whose works are civil servants and teachers.

Abstract This article takes its cue from the public impact of the deaths of singers, artists and writers in hotels. Particular attention is paid to the murder of Nancy Spungen in New York’s Chelsea Hotel, in 1978. A long tradition of literary and filmic hotel deaths shows similarly strong links with contemporary cultures – illustrating political, social or cultural change and questioning the impact of modernity. However, as well as responding to change, death in the context of hotels is also linked with nostalgia for an irretrievable past. Such are the two poles of cultural criticism in the topos of hotel deaths: they throw modernity into relief, celebrating or criticizing it through the symbolic structure of the hotel; or they inculcate a warm nostalgia, in critical opposition to the world outside on the street. The individual authors and directors under consideration here in exploring these points include Joseph Roth, Vicki Baum, F. W. Murnau, Giuseppi Tomasi di Lampedusa and Friedrich Glauser, highlighting the importance of the theme straddling American and European cultures.

Abstract Compared with previous standards of care, the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has brought significant improvements in survival and quality of life for lung cancer patients. However, only a small proportion of these patients respond durably. People with different ancestries differ probabilistically in genetic factors, environmental exposures, and socio-economic conditions. Whether patients of different ancestry benefit equally from ICIs remains unclear. We studied the impact of genomic ancestry, tumor genomics, and social determinants of health (SDH) factors and factors that are impacted from SDH including recorded race/ethnicity, inferred low-income status from patient zip codes, exposure to smoking, and BMI on ICI response, defined by cancer progression-free survival (PFS, minimum 6 months FU), for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with MSK-IMPACT targeted panel sequencing. This FDA approved assay includes matched tumor-white blood cell sequencing to distinguish germline from somatic variants and has been applied to 1,802 NSCLC patients who received ICI treatment, including 81 and 117 patients with at least 80% of African (AFR) and East Asian (EAS) ancestry, respectively. Moreover, 173 samples were derived from admixed patients with more than one major ancestry. We first used a natural language processing (NLP) model to obtain PFS from free-text clinical notes. A multivariable cox proportional hazard model was then used to associate PFS with ancestry, race, smoking status, ICI drug regimen, PD-L1 status, disease stage, tumor mutational burden (TMB), inferred income, and BMI. Neither genetic ancestry nor self-reported race/ethnicity was associated with the PFS. Moreover, ICI drug regimen types, low-income status, and BMI were not associated with PFS in our cohort. TMB-high was associated with longer PFS across all ancestries, although TMB was lower in patients with EAS ancestry (Median 7.9 vs. 5.3 mut/Mb, p&lt;0.001). These results suggest that the benefits of ICI extend across ancestry, race, and income lines in a single institution, arguing for more equitable patient access to these medications. We also show that TMB is a generalizable biomarker for ICI outcome across ancestries. However, more diverse patient populations are needed to understand whether there is ancestry-specificity in other ICI outcome biomarkers. Citation Format: Christopher J. Fong, Michele Waters, Karl Pichotta, Justin Jee, Devika R. Jutagir, David Ma, Tomin Perea-Chamblee, Susie Kim, Kanika Arora, Brooke Mastrogiacomo, Thinh Tran, Steven Maron, Mirella Altoe, Anisha Luthra, Joseph Kholodenko, Arfath Patha, Doori Rose, Michael F. Berger, Gregory J. Riely, Nikolaus Schultz, Sanna Goyert, Adam Schoenfeld, Francesca Gany, Jian Carrot-Zhang. Understanding genomic and social determinants of cancer immunotherapy outcome across ancestry. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4260.

<p class="Abstrak"><em><span lang="IN">Software product line</span></em><span lang="IN"> (SPL) adalah konsep <em>software reuse</em> di bidang industri perangkat lunak yang memiliki fase awal berupa <em>domain engineering</em> untuk mengidentifikasi dan memetakan fitur-fitur dari sekumpulan produk perangkat lunak yang akan dikembangkan. Fitur perangkat lunak sering kali diekspresikan secara eksplisit dalam kalimat pernyataan kebutuhan yang ada pada dokumen spesifikasi kebutuhan perangkat lunak (SRS). Saat ini, penelitian tentang otomatisasi identifikasi fitur perangkat lunak berdasarkan dokumen spesifikasi kebutuhan telah banyak diusulkan dengan berbagai metode, namun hasil yang diperoleh kebanyakan adalah kata benda yang dianggap sebagai kandidat fitur. Representasi fitur dengan kata benda dianggap masih terlalu abstrak dan tidak mewakili konsep fitur sebagai kemampuan atau fungsionalitas suatu perangkat lunak. Dalam penelitian ini, identifikasi fitur yang direpresentasikan dengan frasa gabungan kata kerja dan kata benda diusulkan karena dianggap lebih menjelaskan kemampuan dan fungsionalitas dari suatu perangkat lunak. Pola penulisan kalimat pernyataan kebutuhan dengan <em>requirement boilerplate</em> dimanfaatkan sebagai dasar identifikasi fitur perangkat lunak secara otomatis dengan menggunakan alat bantu pemrosesan bahasa natural atau NLP (<em>natural language processing</em>). Dalam penelitian ini diusulkan 4 (empat) aturan <em>dependency parser</em>, yang merupakan salah satu <em>pipeline</em> dalam NLP. Tingkat keberhasilan metode pada penelitian ini adalah antara 65% sampai dengan 88% untuk 5 kelompok kalimat pernyataan kebutuhan yang diujikan. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa metode yang diusulkan pada penelitian ini bisa meng</span><span lang="EN-US">au</span><span lang="IN">tomasi proses identifikasi fitur pada tahapan <em>domain engineering</em> dalam pengembangan <em>software product line</em> khususnya yang menggunakan metode ekstraktif</span><span lang="EN-US">.</span></p><p class="Abstrak"><span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></p><p class="Abstrak"><em><strong><span lang="EN-US">Abstract</span></strong></em></p><p class="Abstract"><em>Software product line (SPL) is a software reuse concept in the software industry that has an initial phase of domain engineering to identify and map the features of a set of software products to be developed. Software features are often expressed explicitly in the requirement sentences contained in the software requirements specification (SRS) document. Currently, research on the automation of software feature identification based on requirements specification documents has been proposed by various methods, but the results obtained are mostly nouns that are considered feature candidates. Representation of features with nouns is considered too abstract and does not represent the concept of features as capabilities or functionality of the software. In this study, the identification of features represented by combined phrases of verbs and nouns is proposed because it is considered to better explain the capabilities and functionality of software. The pattern of writing a requirement sentence with boilerplate requirements is used as the basis for automatically identifying software features using natural language processing (NLP) tools. In this research, 4 (four) dependency parser rules are proposed, which is one of the pipelines in NLP. The success rate of the method in this study is between 65% to 88% for the 5 groups of sentences that were tested. These results indicate that the method proposed in this study can automate the feature identification process at the domain engineering stage in product line software development, especially those using extractive methods.</em></p><p class="Abstrak"><em><strong><span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></strong></em></p>

The purpose of this research is to produce a video learning content on atomic theory. This research uses the design and development design that employs the ADDIE model. The research instrument used was a questionnaire with a four-likert scale admistered on content experts, linguists, media experts, teachers and 10 students of MA AL-KHAIRAAT Tomini. The validity of the content, language and media aspects was said to be good with scores of 3.25; 3.33 and 3.28 respectively. Meanwhile, the scores obtained from teachers and students of class XI IPA were 3.87 and 3.51, both of which were in the "Strongly Agree" category. The results showed that the atomic theory learning video in the Tialo language was suitable for use in learning activities and could increase the concentration level of students. The theoretical implications of this research, namely the instructional video can increase learning motivation in students and the practical implication is that the instructional video is used as resources for teachers and prospective teachers to be used in the learning process.

The complex and often paradoxical representation of time and history in Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa’s The Leopard has its roots in an existential vision which is charged with different meanings and shadowed by a dark pessimism. In order to convey his peculiar perspective, Lampedusa uses specific narrative techniques, transforming earthly elements into eternal symbols. In turn, Luchino Visconti, in his movie adaptation of the novel, translates these multi-layered symbols into visual representations, emphasising some of them more than others, and giving even more substance to the material as a vehicle of complex, theoretical reflections. The analysis of the emblematic role of landscape, interiors, objects and animals in The Leopard, both in the written approach and the visual re-interpretation, offers new insights into a novel and a movie which have always divided critics, who have alternatively considered them a celebration of immobilism or a faithful historical depiction.

Introduction Within wellness circles, there has been growing concern over an increasing focus on Alternative Right (or Alt-right) conspiracy (see Aubry; Bloom and Moskalenko). Greene, referring to a definition provided by the Anti-Defamation League, defines the Alt-right as a loose political network characterised by its rejection of mainstream conservatism, embrace of white nationalism, and use of online platforms (33). The “wellness revolution”, on the other hand, which marked a split from the health care sector in which “thought leaders” replaced medical experts as authorities on health (Pilzer, qtd. in Kickbusch and Payne 275), combines New Age practices with ideological movements that emphasise the “interdependence of body, mind and spirit” (Voigt and Laing 32). It has been noted that there is overlap between the circulation of conspiracy theory and New Age mysticism (see Ward and Voas; Parmigiani). Influencers following the Paleo diet, or Palaeolithic diet, such as Australian celebrity chef and Paleo diet guru Pete Evans, have also come under fire for sharing conspiracy theories and pseudoscience (see Brennan). Johnson notes that the origins of the Paleo diet can be traced back to 1975, with the publication of Dr Walter Voegtlin’s book The Stone Age Diet. This text, however, has been largely disavowed by Paleo leaders due to Voegtlin’s “white supremacist, eugenicist, and generally unpalatable politics”. Nevertheless, it is interesting to consider how white nationalism and conspiracy theory may overlap within the wellness space. A specific example occurred in 2020, when Pete Evans shared an Alt-right conspiracy meme to his Facebook account. The ‘butterfly-caterpillar meme’ contained the image of a black sun, a symbol equated with the swastika (Goodrick-Clarke 3). Though Evans later commented that the sharing of the hate symbol was unintentional, and that he misunderstood the symbol, this case raised questions about the ability of wellness influencers to amplify white nationalist messaging. This essay is concerned with the question: what makes the wellness industry a target for the spreading of white nationalist ideas? It argues that the wellness industry and far-right ideology possess a pre-occupation with bodily purity which makes it more likely that white nationalist material carrying this message will be spread via wellness networks. Through a critical examination of the media surrounding Evans’s sharing of the butterfly-caterpillar meme, this case study will examine the ideological aspects of the Paleo diet and how they appeal to a white nationalist agenda. Focussing on the Australian context, this essay will theorise the spreadability of memes in relation to white nationalist symbolism. It contends that the Paleo diet positions foods that are not organic as impure, and holds a preference for positive messaging. Alt-right propaganda packaged in a positive and New Age frame poses a danger in that it can operate as a kind of contagion for high-profile networks, exponentially increasing its spreadability. This is of particular concern when it is considered that diet can have an impact on people’s actions outside of the online space: it impacts what people consume and do with their bodies, as evidenced by calls for eating disorders created by algorithmic repetition to be considered a ‘cyber-pathy’. This creates the conditions for the wellness industry to be targeted using memes as recruitment material for white nationalist groups. The Paleo Diet and the Sharing of a Neo-Nazi Meme Pete Evans is a famous Australian TV Chef from the hit series My Kitchen Rules, a show that ran from 2010-2020. The show followed pairs from different households as they cooked for Evans and his co-host Manu Feildel. During the show’s run, Evans also became known for spruiking the Paleo diet, producing several cookbooks and a documentary on the topic. According to Catie Gressier, who conducted a study of Paleo dieters in Melbourne, Paleo’s aim is “to eat only those foods available prior to the agricultural revolution: meat, fish, vegetables, nuts, seeds and a small amount of fruit” and that this framed as a more “authentic” diet (3). This is seen as an ideological diet as opposed to others which may consist of rules or eating restrictions. The Paleo diet stresses “real foods” or “organic foods as close to their real state as possible” (Ramachandran et al.). Studies find that the paleo diet can be very nutritious (Cambeses-Franco et al. 2021). However, it is important to note that the presence of multiple influencers and thought leaders in the field means that there can be several variations in the diet. This article will limit its examination to that of the diet promoted by Evans. A common rationale is that the human body is incompatible with certain mass-produced foods (like grains, pulses, and dairy products, sugar, salt, and modification practices (like food processing), and that these are the cause of many modern conditions (Cambeses-Franco et al. 2021). While growing concerns over unnatural additives in foods are warranted, it can be observed that in Evans’s case, the promotion of the Paleo diet increasingly blurred the line between pseudoscience and conspiracy. In his Paleo diet book for toddlers, Evans emphasised the importance of the ideological diet and suggested that parents feed their toddlers bone broth instead of breast milk, prompting a federal investigation by the health department (Brennan). This escalated in 2020 during the global pandemic. In January, Evans promoted the work of a prominent anti-vaccine advocate (Molloy). In April, his Biocharger device, which he claimed could cure coronavirus, earned him a hefty fine from the Therapeutic Goods Administration (White). In November, several months after My Kitchen Rules was cancelled, Evans posted an Alt-right political cartoon with the image of a black sun, a symbol equated with the swastika (Goodrick-Clarke 3), to his Facebook account (Gillespie). In later news reports, it was also pointed out that the black sun symbol was emblazoned on the backpack of the Christchurch shooter (see Sutton and Molloy) who had targeted two mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand, killing 51 people and injuring 40. Initially, when a user on Facebook pointed out that the meme contained a black sun, Evans responded “I was waiting for someone to see that” (Evans, qtd. in Gillespie). Evans eventually recanted the image, writing: sincere apologies to anyone who misinterpreted a previous post of a caterpillar and a butterfly having a chat over a drink and perceived that I was promoting hatred. I look forward to studying every symbol that have ever existed and research them thoroughly before posting. Hopefully this symbol ❤️ resonates deeply into the hearts of ALL! (Evans, qtd. in Gillespie). The post was later deleted. In December of 2020, Evans’s Facebook page of around 1.5 million followers was removed due to its sharing of conspiracy theories and misinformation about the coronavirus (Gillespie). However, it should be noted that the sharing of the caterpillar-butterfly meme was different from the previous instances of conspiracy sharing, in that Evans stated that it was unintentional, and it included imagery associated with neo-Nazi ideology (the black sun). Evans’s response implies that, while the values of the Paleo diet are framed in terms of positivity, the symbols in the butterfly-caterpillar meme are associated with “promoting hatred”. In this way, Evans frames racism as merely and simplistically an act of hatred, rather than engaging in the ways in which it reinforces a racial hierarchy and racially motivated violence. According to Hartzell (10), white nationalists tend to position themselves as superior to other races and see themselves as protectors of the “white race”. “White” in this context is of European descent (Geary, Schofield and Sutton). There are conspiracy theories associated with this belief, one of which is that their race is under threat of extinction because of immigration from ‘undesirable’ countries of origin. This can also be observed in the Alt-right, which is a white nationalist movement that was created and organised online. According to Berger, this movement “seeks to unify the activities of several different extremist movements or ideologies”. This is characterised by anti-immigrant sentiment, conspiracy theories, and support for former US President Donald Trump. It can be argued, in this case, that the symbol links to a larger conspiracy theory in which whiteness must be defended against some perceived threat. The meme implies that there is an ‘us’ versus ‘them’, or ‘good’ versus ‘evil’, and that some people are ‘in the know’ while others are not. Spreadable Memes An important aspect of this case study is that this instance of far-right recruitment used the form of a meme. Memes are highly spreadable, and they have very complex mechanisms for disseminating ideas and ideology. This can have a dramatic impact if that ideology is a harmful one, such a white supremacist symbol. While the digital meme, an image with a small amount of text, is common today, Richard Dawkins originally used the term meme to describe the ways in which units of culture can be spread from person to person (qtd. in Shifman 9). These can be anything from the lyrics of a song to a political idea. Jeff Hemsley and Robert Mason (qtd. in Shifman) see virality as a “process wherein a message is actively forwarded from one person to other, within and between multiple weakly linked personal networks, resulting in a rapid increase in the number of people who are exposed to the message” (55). This also links to Jenkins, Ford, and Green’s notions of spreadability (3-11), a natural selection process by which media content continues to exist through networked sharing, or disappears once it stops being shared. Evans’s response indicates that he merely shared the image. Despite the black sun imagery, a Make America Great Again (MAGA) hat is clearly present. A political presence, and one that is associated with white nationalism, is present despite Evans’s attempts to frame the meme in the language of innocence and positivity. This is not to say Evans is extremist or supports a white nationalist agenda. However, in much the same way that sharing of imagery may not necessarily indicate agreement with its ideological messaging, this framing creates a way in which wellness influencers may avoid criticism (Ma 1). Furthermore, the act of sharing the meme, regardless of intention, amplifies its message exponentially. The Paleo Diet, the Far Right and Purity This overlap between wellness and white nationalist ideology is not new. In Jules Evans’s exploration of why QAnon is popular with New Age and far-right followers, she points to the fact that many Nazi leaders – Hitler, Hess, Himmler – “were into alternative medicine, organic and vegetarian diets, homeopathy, anti-vaxxing, and natural healing”. Similarly, Bernhard Forchtner and Ana Tominc argue that a natural diet which focussed on food purity was favoured by the Nazis (421). In their examination of the German neo-Nazi YouTube channel Balaclava Küche they argue add that “present-day extreme right views on environment and diet are often close to positions found in contemporary Green movements and foodie magazines” (422). Like neo-Nazi preoccupations with food, the Paleo diet’s ideology has its basis in the concept of purity. Gressier found that the Paleo diet contains an “embedded moralism” that “filters into constructions of food as either pure or polluting” (1). This is supported by Ramachandran et al.’s study, which found that the diet “promoted ‘real food’ – or the shift to consuming organic whole foods that are as close to their natural state as possible, with an avoidance of processed foods”. This framing of the food as real creates a binary – if one is real, the other must not be. Another example can be seen in Pete Evans’s Webpage, which lists about 33 Paleo recipes. The Butter Chicken recipe states: the paleo way of life is not meant to be restrictive, as you can see from this lovely butter chicken recipe. All the nasties have been replaced with good-quality ingredients that make it as good, if not better, than the original. I prefer chicken thighs for their superior flavour and tenderness. The term “nasties” here can be seen to create a dichotomy between real and fake, the west and the east. We see these foods are associated with impurity, the foods that are not “real foods” are positioned as a threat. It can be seen as an orientalist approach, othering those not associated with the west. As can be observed in this Butter Chicken recipe that is “getting rid of the nasties”, it appropriates and ‘sanitises’ ingredients. In her article on the campaign to boycott Halal, Shakira Hussein points out that “ethnic food” presents as multiculturalism in the context of white chefs and homecooks, but the opposite is true if the roles are switched (91). Later in her essay “Halal Chops and Fascist Cupcakes”, she discusses the “weaponisation of food” and how specific white nationalist groups express disgust at the thought of consuming Muslim food. This ethnocentric framing of butter chicken projects a western superiority, replacing traditional ingredients with ‘familiar’ ingredients, making it more palatable to nationalistic tastes. Spreading Consumption I have established that the Paleo diet, with its emphasis on ‘real foods’, is deeply embedded with nationalist ideology. I have also discussed how this is highly spreadable in the form of a meme, particularly when it is framed in the language of positivity. Furthermore, I have argued that this is an attempt to escape criticism for promoting white nationalist values. I would like to turn now to how this spreadability through diet can have an impact on the physical actions of its followers through its digital communication. The Paleo diet, and how to go about following it as described by celebrity influencers, has an impact on what people do with their bodies. Hanganu-Bresch discusses the concept of orthorexia, a fixation with eating proper foods that operates as a cyber-pathy, a digitally propagated condition targeting media users. Like the ‘viral’ and ‘spreadable’ meme, this puritanical obsession with eating can also be considered both a spreadable condition and ideology. According to Hanganu-Bresch, orthorexia sees this diet as a way to overcome an illness or to improve general health, but this also begins to feel righteous and even holy or spiritual. This operates within the context of neoliberalism. Brice and Thorpe talk about women’s activewear worn in everyday settings, or ‘athleisure’, as a neoliberal uniform that says, ‘I’m taking control of my body and health’. To take this idea a step further, this uniform could be extended out into digital spaces as well in terms of what people post on their profiles and social media. This ideological aspect operates as not only a highly spreadable message, but one that is targeted at the overall health of its followers. It encourages not only the spreading of ideology, in this case, white nationalist ideology, but also the modification of food consumption. If this were then to be used as a vehicle to spread messages that encourage white nationalist ideology, it can be seen to be not only a kind of contagion but a powerful one at that. White nationalist iconography that is clearly associated with white supremacist propaganda has the potential to spread extremism. However, neoliberal principles of discipline and bodywork operate through “messages of empowerment, choice, and self-care” (Lavrence and Lozanski, qtd. in Brice and Thorpe). While racist extremism does not necessarily equate to neoliberal and ethnocentric values, a frame of growth, purity, and positivity create an overlap that allow extremist messaging to spread more easily through these networks. Conclusion The case of Pete Evans’s sharing of the butterfly-caterpillar meme exemplifies a concerning overlap between white nationalist discourse and wellness. Ideologically based diets that emphasise real foods, such as the Paleo diet, have a preoccupation with purity and consumption that appeals to white nationalism. They also share a tolerance for the promotion of conspiracy theory and tendency to create an ‘us’ versus ‘them’ dichotomy. Noting these points can provide insight into a potential targeting of the wellness industry to spread racist ideology. As research into spreadability shows, memes are extremely shareable, even if the user does not grasp the meaning behind the symbolism. This article has also extended the idea of the cyberpathy further, noting a weaponisation of the properties of the meme, for the purposes of radicalisation, and how these are accelerated by celebrity influence. This is more potent within the wellness industry when the message is packaged as a form of growth and positivity, which serve to deflect accusations of racism. Furthermore, when diet is combined with white nationalist ideology, it may operate like a contagion, creating the conditions for racism. Those exposed may not have the intention of sharing or spreading racist ideology, but its amplification contributes to the promotion of a racist agenda nevertheless. As such, further investigation into the far-right infiltration of the wellness industry would be beneficial as it could provide more insight into how wellness groups are targeted. 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