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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Ali, Mona, Hanaa Shawki, and Hussein Marey Mahmoud. "Material characterization and restoration of mural paintings of El-Muzzawaka Tombs, Dakhla Oases, Egypt." Ge-conservacion 18, no. 1 (December 10, 2020): 92–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.37558/gec.v18i1.773.

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The present study demonstrates scientific procedures applied to study mural paintings in two Graeco-Roman tombs of El-Muzzawaka, Dakhla Oases, Egypt. First, a series of analytical methods was applied to determine the chemical and mineralogical composition of pigment and plaster samples collected from the studied tombs. The analyses were performed by means of digitalized optical microscopy (OM), polarized light microscopy (PLM), scanning electron microscopy attached with X-ray microanalysis detector (SEM−EDS), X−ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT−IR). Analyses of the pigment samples revealed Egyptian blue, Egyptian green, green earth, black magnetite, and red/yellow ochres. The paintings were applied on a coarse plaster layer made of gypsum, anhydrite, calcite, and quartz. The preparation layer was made of two phases of calcium sulphate (gypsum and anhydrite). Further, the detection of an organic binder, of gum Arabic, confirms the application of tempera technique. The results showed that the bed rock samples contain variable amounts of quartz, anhydrite, montmorillonite, kaolinite, gypsum, and sodium chloride (halite). In situ observations showed several deterioration forms on the studied mural paintings. The destructive climatic condition of the region and the defects of the rock structure have contributed seriously in the deterioration process. Based on experimental tests, multi restoration procedures were applied in form of cleaning, reattaching paint flakes, applying injection grouts to detached layers, reconstruction of missing parts in the plaster, repair of wide-open cracks, and final protective consolidation of the painted surfaces. Further, recommendations to minimize any future damage were discussed.

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2

Kimura, Reiji, Erina Iwasaki, and Nobuhiro Matsuoka. "Analysis of the Recent Agricultural Situation of Dakhla Oasis, Egypt, Using Meteorological and Satellite Data." Remote Sensing 12, no. 8 (April 16, 2020): 1264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12081264.

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Dakhla Oasis is the most highly populated oasis in Egypt. Although the groundwater resource is very large, there is essentially no rainfall and the aquifer from which the water is drawn is not recharged. Therefore, for the future development and sustainability of Dakhla Oasis, it is important to understand how land and water are used in the oasis and meteorological conditions there. In this study, meteorological and satellite data were used to examine the recent agricultural situation and water use. The results showed that the meteorological conditions are suitable for plant production, and the maximum vegetation index value was comparable to the Nile delta. The cultivated area increased between 2001 and 2019 by 13.8 km2 year−1, with most of the increase occurring after the 2011 revolution (21.2 km2 year−1). People living in Dakhla Oasis derive their income primarily from agricultural activity, which requires abundant water. Thus, the increasing demand for water is likely to put pressure on the groundwater resource and limit its sustainability.

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3

Tangri, D. "A Reassessment of the Origins of the Predynastic in Upper Egypt." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 58, no. 1 (1992): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00004126.

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Recent arguments about the origins of the Predynastic in Upper Egypt have posited connections between the lithic industries of that region and those of the Western Desert. It has been further claimed that a mid-Holocene arid period may have led the inhabitants of the desert regions to migrate to the Nile Valley. This essay argues that the evidence of stone tools, as well as ceramic evidence from Dakhla Oasis, fail to support the ‘desert migration’ model, at least as it applies to Dakhla Oasis.

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4

Brookes, Ian A. "Geomorphology and Quaternary geology of the Dakhla Oasis Region, Egypt." Quaternary Science Reviews 12, no. 7 (January 1993): 529–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-3791(93)90068-w.

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5

Ali, Yasser. "Conservation of the Traditional Grain Mills in Dakhla Oasis, Egypt: Study of Mechanical Systems and Restoration." Heritage 1, no. 2 (October 17, 2018): 254–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage1020017.

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This paper is the first study of traditional grain mills in Dakhla Oasis, Egypt, to ensure the sustainability of these traditional production systems while retaining their original function. In this sense, the aim of this study was to analyze the mechanical systems of the animal-powered traditional mills in Dakhla Oasis, which remain the key to figuring out the puzzle of how these mills work and produce flour. This is an original study that examines a sample animal-powered mill to be conserved; this sample old mill was selected from seven potential grain mills, after investigating each mill. This study provides the technical background and description of the selected grain mill in Dakhla Oasis, and describes its working and mechanical movement. In addition, the physical properties of the historic grain mill wood were measured (e.g., density, shrinkage, and hardness), using scientific techniques, to get some information about their properties. In this study, the methodology for grain mill conservation was based on a combination of the traditional experience of the old craftsmen and modern technology applications in the restoration and rehabilitation of animal-powered mills, in addition to the use of software programs in data analysis. Our results proved that the ancient traditional expertise of the old craftsmen and scientific techniques are the most appropriate methods for restoring and preserving animal-powered mills, which include the determination and rework of the mechanical movement between the wooden gear wheel and millstones. Finally, this study gives an in-depth look into the practical scientific restoration of animal-powered mills in Egypt and other countries.

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6

Arafa, W. M., A. I. Hassan, S. A. M. Snousi, Kh M. El-Dakhly, P. J. Holman, T. M. Craig, and S. M. Aboelhadid. "Fasciola hepaticainfections in cattle and the freshwater snailGalba truncatulafrom Dakhla Oasis, Egypt." Journal of Helminthology 92, no. 1 (February 6, 2017): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x17000086.

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AbstractInfection byFasciolaspecies was investigated in seven districts of Dakhla Oasis, Egypt, through abattoir inspection of cattle livers for adult worms and sedimentation of faecal samples from local cattle to detectFasciolaeggs. In addition, lymnaeid snails collected from the study area were examined microscopically for developmental stages ofFasciolaspp. Abattoir inspection revealed that 51 out of 458 cattle livers (11.1%) contained adult flukes, which were identified morphologically asFasciola hepatica.Examination of the cattle faecal samples revealed that 142 out of 503 (28.2%) containedFasciolaeggs. The collected snails, identified asGalba truncatulaandRadix natalensis,showed larval stages ofFasciolain 71 out of 731 (9.7%)G. truncatula, whileR. natalensisshowed no infection. Specific duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the mitochondrialcox1gene ofF. hepaticaandFasciola giganticawas carried out on DNA extracted from pooled infected snails and adult worms. TheF. hepaticasize amplicon (1031 bp) was obtained from both the infectedG. truncatulaand the adult worms isolated from cattle livers from different districts. The amplicon sequences were identical to the published sequences ofF. hepaticamitochondrialcox1gene. In conclusion, the zoonotic importance ofFasciolainfection and appropriate hygienic measures must be taken into consideration in Dakhla Oasis, Egypt.

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7

Awad, M., M. El-Desoky, Nadia Roshdi, and M. Tantawy. "Potassium Forms of EL-Dakhla Oasis Soils, New Valley Governorate, Egypt." Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering 7, no. 12 (December 1, 2016): 947–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2016.40558.

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8

Sawy, S., A. A. Abd El-Hady, and I. A. H. Yousif. "LAND EVALUATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF SOME AREAS OF DAKHLA OASIS, EGYPT." Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering 4, no. 12 (December 1, 2013): 1393–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2013.52921.

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9

Schrank, Eckart, and Magdy S. Mahmoud. "Barremian Angiosperm Pollen and Associated Palynomorphs from the Dakhla Oasis Area, Egypt." Palaeontology 45, no. 1 (January 2002): 33–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1475-4983.00226.

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10

Lazaridis, Nikolaos. "“Like Wringing Water from a Stone!” Information Extraction from Two Rock Graffiti in North Kharga, Egypt." Heritage 4, no. 3 (September 7, 2021): 2253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage4030127.

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In the course of the last ten years, the North Kharga Oasis–Darb Ain Amur Survey team, led by Salima Ikram (American University in Cairo), has been exploring a network of interconnected desert paths in Egypt’s Western Desert, known as Darb Ain Amur. These marked paths run between Kharga Oasis and Dakhla Oasis, linking them to Darb el-Arbain, a notorious caravan route facilitating contacts between Egypt and sub-Saharan Africa since prehistoric times. Ancient travelers using the Darb Ain Amur spent several days in the midst of the Western Desert and were thus forced to use areas around sandstone rock outcrops as makeshift stopovers or camping sites. During these much-needed breaks, ancient travelers identified accessible, inscribable surfaces on the towering sandstone massifs and left on them their personalized markings. In this essay, I examine two short rock graffiti carved by such travelers in a site north of Kharga Oasis, focusing on the types of information one may extract from such ancient epigraphic materials.

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11

El-Sayed, Shaimaa Sayed Mohamed, Rabea Radi Abdel Kader, and Ahmed Abo-El Yamin. "Desert Environment Effect on the Deterioration of Ancient Building Materials in Archaeological Buildings (El- Bagawat Tombs, El - Kharga Oasis as an Example)." Britain International of Exact Sciences (BIoEx) Journal 2, no. 2 (May 8, 2020): 476–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/bioex.v2i2.223.

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Environmental changes have severe effect on the deterioration of archaeological buildings, desert environment distinguishes with the climatic changes daily and seasonally , which affect badly on the ancient building materials, air temperature variation, relative humidity and wind are the main factors that cause the materials degradation. This research aims to shed the light on desert environment's effect on ancient building materials at El - Bagawat tombs in El- Kharga oasis – Egypt, these tombs, return to early Coptic era, building materials samples were taken mainly mud bricks and mortars , examined and analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) , EDAX unit attached to SEM and polarizing microscope to study the desert's effect , environmental measures were mentioned also like air temperature degrees , relative humidity percentages and wind's direction and speed. El-Kharga oasis is characterized by climate changes throughout the year, these changes reflect on the degradation of building materials in El-Bagawat tombs like mud bricks and mortars.

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12

Hamed, Mahdy H., and Mostafa Y. Khalafallh. "Available nutrients and some soil properties of El-Qasr soils, El-Dakhla Oasis, Egypt." International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology 2, no. 6 (2017): 3243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijeab/2.6.60.

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13

hamed, mahdy, Mohamed Eldesoky, Nadia Roshdi, and Mahmoud abdel-rahim. "Soil Salinity Impact on Phosphorus Forms of Some Soils of El-Dakhla Oasis, Egypt." Alexandria Journal of Soil and Water Sciences 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 14–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajsws.2018.225226.

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14

Schrank, Eckart, and Magdy S. Mahmoud. "Palynology (pollen, spores and dinoflagellates) and cretaceous stratigraphy of the Dakhla Oasis, central Egypt." Journal of African Earth Sciences 26, no. 2 (February 1998): 167–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0899-5362(98)00004-9.

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15

Sedek Abu Seif, El-Sayed, and El-Sharif M. Abd Al-Aziz. "GEOTECHNICAL FACTORS GOVERNING SHEAR STRENGTH OF QUSEIR SHALE IN DAKHLA OASIS, WESTERN DESERT, EGYPT." JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences 36, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jesaun.2008.115610.

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16

Hewaidy, Abdel Galil A., Sherif Farouk, and Youssef S. Bazeen. "Sequence stratigraphy of the Maastrichtian-Paleocene succession at the Dakhla Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt." Journal of African Earth Sciences 136 (December 2017): 22–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2016.11.028.

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17

Brookes, Ian A. "Spatially variable sedimentary responses to orbitally driven pluvial climate during Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 5.1, Dakhla Oasis region, Egypt." Quaternary Research 74, no. 2 (September 2010): 252–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2010.05.001.

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AbstractPleistocene basinal sediments (PBS) in the Dakhla region of Egypt's hyperarid Western Desert comprise four facies: (A) fluvio-lacustrine, (B) mixed lacustrine/pluvio-eolian, (C) pluvio-eolian, and (D) mixed eolian/pluvio-eolian. Contiguity of basins containing each facies, and their stratigraphic position between two bajada gravel formations, P/B-II and P/B-III, confirm their equivalence. Facies A and B, with lacustrine components, are attributed to orbitally forced poleward incursion of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), resulting in increased summer insolation/temperature/precipitation. Facies C and D, comprising pluvio-eolian and eolian sediments, reflect geologic/topographic influences overprinted on regional 'pluvial' conditions, eliminating lacustrine response. A Th/U age of ∼ 62 ka on lacustrine marl within Facies B is minimal, and an OSL age of 110 ± 18 ka on sediments immediately below Facies B is maximal. Since bajada gravels P/B-III are the youngest Pleistocene formation, they must represent the final strong incursion of the ITCZ into the Dakhla region at MIS 5.1, ∼ 80 ka. Because PBS Facies A pass rapidly up into P/B-III bajada gravels, PBS are assigned to the rising limb of the MIS 5.1 insolation/temperature/precipitation curve, slightly younger than 80 ka.

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18

Kimura, Reiji, Hiroshi Kato, and Erina Iwasaki. "Cultivation Features Using Meteorological and Satellite Data from 2001 to 2010 in Dakhla Oasis, Egypt." Journal of Water Resource and Protection 07, no. 03 (2015): 209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2015.73017.

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19

Arafa, Waleed. "Detection of Fasciola hepatica infection in cattle and Lymnaea truncatula snails in Dakhla Oasis, Egypt." Egyptian Veterinary Medical Society of Parasitology Journal (EVMSPJ) 11, no. 11 (December 1, 2015): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/evmspj.2015.37940.

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20

Mohamaden, Mahmoud Ismail Ismail. "Delineating groundwater aquifer and subsurface structures by using geoelectrical data: Case study (Dakhla Oasis, Egypt)." NRIAG Journal of Astronomy and Geophysics 5, no. 1 (June 2016): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nrjag.2016.05.001.

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21

Awad, M. Y. M. "Exploratory Properties and Restrictions of El-Zayat Soils for Agricultural Sustainability, El-Dakhla Oasis, Egypt." Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering 9, no. 12 (December 1, 2018): 873–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jssae.2018.69975.

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22

Masoud, Alaa A., Mohamed M. El-Horiny, Mohamed G. Atwia, Khaled S. Gemail, and Katsuaki Koike. "Assessment of groundwater and soil quality degradation using multivariate and geostatistical analyses, Dakhla Oasis, Egypt." Journal of African Earth Sciences 142 (June 2018): 64–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2018.03.009.

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23

Ebraheem, A. M., S. Riad, P. Wycisk, and A. M. Sefelnasr. "A local-scale groundwater flow model for groundwater resources management in Dakhla Oasis, SW Egypt." Hydrogeology Journal 12, no. 6 (July 20, 2004): 714–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-004-0359-8.

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24

Soliman, Nevin W., and Salwa Kamel. "Sheikh Muftah Culture: A transition between prehistoric and historical times in the Dakhla Oasis (Egypt)." مجلة کلیة الآثار . جامعة القاهرة 14, no. 26 (January 1, 2023): 215–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jarch.2023.277033.

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25

Aravecchia, Nicola. "Geometric painting in late-antique Egypt: the ceiling of a 4th-c. church at Amheida (Dakhla Oasis)." Journal of Roman Archaeology 33 (2020): 449–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047759420001117.

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As part of an investigation of the use of geometric painting on ceilings in late-antique Egypt, this article will focus on the evidence found in a 4th-c. A.D. church at the polis of Trimithis (Amheida), located in the Dakhla Oasis of Egypt‘s Western Desert. Excavation in 2012-13 as part of a project directed by R. S. Bagnall highlighted the church‘s rôle for both cult and burials. Thousands of fragments of painted plaster, part of the church‘s collapsed flat ceiling, revealed a wide array of interlocked geometrical shapes in vivid colors, creating a visually dramatic contrast with the church‘s seemingly white walls. The polychrome decoration was probably meant to replicate the effect of a coffered ceiling. Similar geometric schemes are found elsewhere in the Western Desert in both domestic and funerary contexts, and there is evidence of other Egyptian Early Christian churches that had flat ceilings, but a flat roof with painted geometric decoration in the context of an Early Christian church is thus far unattested elsewhere in Egypt. This article will highlight the popularity and longevity of this decorative style in Egypt throughout the Roman period and well into late antiquity and will point to similarities between this type of ceiling decoration and Alexandrian models of the Ptolemaic period, as well as mosaic designs found throughout Mediterranean lands.

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26

Michel, Nicolas. "Noms de famille dans les oasis d’Égypte à l’époque ottomane." Eurasian Studies 15, no. 2 (April 26, 2017): 183–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24685623-12340035.

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Abstract Very little is known about the existence of family names in Ottoman Egypt, except among the upper classes and urban society as a whole. In this respect, the Western Desert Oases of Dakhla and Kharga provide us with an exceptional documentation. Cross referencing texts found or still preserved in local family archives with the results of ethnographical fieldwork conducted over a century, enables us to reconstruct the onomastic culture of the Oases society through the last four centuries. Family names were in use among most of the inhabitants. This use developed in a complex way, by combining lineage names created a few generations ago with more ancient and inclusive names. Their combined use allowed to identify and classify all the inhabitants of a settlement, without knowing them personally. It reflects a non-tribal society, largely based on the ownership of scarce but perennial water resources, a key factor in the longevity of families.

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27

Farouk, Sherif, Mohamed A. Khalifa, Mohamed M. Abu El-Hassan, Cesare A. Papazzoni, Fabrizio Frontalini, Rodolfo Coccioni, and Amr S. Zaky. "Upper Paleocene to lower Eocene microfacies, biostratigraphy, and paleoenvironmental reconstruction in the northern Farafra Oasis, Western Desert (Egypt)." Micropaleontology 65, no. 5 (2019): 381–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.47894/mpal.65.5.01.

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Three Paleocene-Eocene (P-E) stratigraphic transect sections namely, from the north to south, Ain Maqfi, Farafra-Ain Dalla road, and El-Quess Abu Said in the northern Farafra Oasis,Western Desert (Egypt) are described and interpreted based upon field observations, microfacies analysis, chronostratigraphy and foraminiferal paleobathymetry, to detect the effect of the Syrian Arc Fold System (SAFS) on the lateral and vertical facies changes, various stratigraphic breaks and to reconstruct the depositional paleoenvironments. Lithostratigraphically, the P-E successions are composed of the upper part of the Dakhla Formation, Tarawan Chalk and Esna Shale Formation. Vertical and lateral facies changes are noted between tectonic paleo-highs and paleo-lows in the Farafra Oasis. Eight microfacies types are recognized. The larger benthic and planktonic foraminiferal zones are here used to correlate the shallow and deeper facies. Two larger benthic (SBZ4 and SBZ6), six planktonic foraminiferal (P4â€“E4) and one calcareous nannofossil (NP9b) biozones are identified. The recorded basal Eocene Dababiya Quarry Member (DQM) within the Esna Shale Formation in the central Farafra Oasis is represented by units 4 and 5 of the DQMat its GSSPwith a neritic facies types. Towards the northern part of the Farafra Oasis, the P-E interval occurs within the base of the Maqfi Limestone Member that contains the larger benthic foraminiferal SBZ6 Zone and is correlated with the DQM.Amajor sea-level fall near the upper part of P5 Zone, followed by a prominent sea-level risewith a minor hiatus across the P-E interval in the Farafra Oasis reflects the complex interplay between sea level changes and tectonic signatures. Two inferred paleoenvironments, namely inner neritic and mid-outer neritic shelf have been identified.

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28

AWAD, M. H., G. A. AL NADEEM, S. A. SAMEEH, and A. R. HEMEID. "GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE PHOSPHATE DEPOSITS AT EL-RASHDA, EL-MAWHOOB AREA, DAKHLA OASIS, WESTERN DESERT, EGYPT." Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science- Basic Science Sector 24, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/absb.2013.6590.

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29

Fadl, Mohamed, and Ahmed Abuzaid. "Assessment of Land Suitability and Water Requirements for Different Crops in Dakhla Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 16, no. 6 (January 10, 2017): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2017/33835.

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30

Sadr, Karim. "El Kharafish: the archaeology of Sheikh Muftah pastoral nomads in the desert around Dakhla Oasis (Egypt)." Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 47, no. 2 (June 2012): 234–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0067270x.2012.678654.

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31

Kader, RabeaRadi Abdel, ShaimaaSayed Mohamed El –Sayed, and Ahmed Abo-El Yamin. "Study The Severe Effects of Iron Compounds Presenting in Sandstone on the Deterioration of Wall Paintings of Archaeological Tombs in Bahariya Oasis - Egypt." Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal 1, no. 3 (July 25, 2019): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birex.v1i3.337.

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The Wall paintings in Bahariya oasis expose to various deterioration factors, especially the resulted deterioration from the geological nature of sandstones' supports; sandstone of Bahariya formation is considered the weakest sandstone type in Egypt because of its geological formation which contains a very big percentage of iron oxides. Sandstone samples were taken, analyzed and examined by x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope, the iron oxides are thecement material in sandstone which affect negatively on the wall paintings in the selected tombs (Badi –Ishtarand Bannantiu tombs),they caused a lot of deterioration phenomena to the wall painting layers like: layers loss,black spots, cracking through all the layers and sandstone support weakness that threatens the remaining wall paintings and the safety of the tombs. Iron oxides percentage in Badi – Ishtartomb is more than Bannantiu tomb and this is reflected on the wall paintings case in Badi – Eshtar. This research sheds the light on this phenomenon and its effect on the wall painting's deterioration.

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32

Saif, Passant, and Ahmed Tamer Saif. "Incidence of Ophthalmic Disease in the Dakhla Oasis in Egypt by a prevention of blindness major campaign." NILES journal for Geriatric and Gerontology 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/niles.2020.34270.1027.

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33

Zaghloul, E. A., S. M. Hassan, A. M. Bahy El-Dein, and S. F. Elbeih. "Detection of ancient irrigation canals of Deir El-Hagar playa, Dakhla Oasis, Egypt, using Egyptsat-1 data." Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Science 16, no. 2 (December 2013): 153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrs.2013.06.001.

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34

Mahmoud, M. S., and A. M. Omran. "On the occurrence of some Paleocene palynomorphs from the Dakhla and Esna formations, Kharga Oasis area, Egypt." Journal of African Earth Sciences (and the Middle East) 17, no. 2 (August 1993): 241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(93)90040-w.

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35

Marey Mahmoud, Hussein, Mohamed Hussein, and Atef Brania. "Pigments and plasters from the Roman temple of Deir El-Hagar, Dakhla Oasis, Egypt: vibrational spectroscopic characterization." Rendiconti Lincei. Scienze Fisiche e Naturali 30, no. 4 (August 3, 2019): 735–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12210-019-00834-4.

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36

Rashed, M. A. "From Powerlessness to Control: Psychosis, Spirit Possession and Recovery in the Western Desert of Egypt." Health, Culture and Society 8, no. 2 (December 17, 2015): 10–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/hcs.2015.194.

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This article explores an aspect of the cultural modulation of recovery in psychosis. It begins with the idea that recovery hinges on the ability of subjects to relate to their distressing experiences in ways that expand rather than diminish agency. Based on fieldwork in the Dakhla oasis of Egypt and subsequent analysis, it is argued that interpretations of psychosis as spirit possession offer a broader range of intentionality than biomedical interpretations and therefore broader possibilities of relating to psychotic states. Modes of relating to spirits may take active or passive forms, the former consistent with the recovery goal of symptom control. Factors constitutive of the active, agency-expanding mode of relating include: the nature of spirits; the values and beliefs of the subject; the broader cultural/religious discourses which may make it either more or less likely for the subject to achieve the desired state of control over symptoms.

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37

Selmy, Salman A. H., Salah H. Abd Al-Aziz, Raimundo Jiménez-Ballesta, Francisco Jesús García-Navarro, and Mohamed E. Fadl. "Modeling and Assessing Potential Soil Erosion Hazards Using USLE and Wind Erosion Models in Integration with GIS Techniques: Dakhla Oasis, Egypt." Agriculture 11, no. 11 (November 10, 2021): 1124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11111124.

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Soil erosion modeling is becoming more significant in the development and implementation of soil management and conservation policies. For a better understanding of the geographical distribution of soil erosion, spatial-based models of soil erosion are required. The current study proposed a spatial-based model that integrated geographic information systems (GIS) techniques with both the universal soil loss equation (USLE) model and the Index of Land Susceptibility to Wind Erosion (ILSWE). The proposed Spatial Soil Loss Model (SSLM) was designed to generate the potential soil erosion maps based on water erosion and wind erosion by integrating factors of the USLE and ILSWE models into the GIS environment. Hence, the main objective of this study is to predict, quantify, and assess the soil erosion hazards using the SSLM in the Dakhla Oasis as a case study. The water soil loss values were computed by overlaying the values of five factors: the rainfall factor (R-Factor), soil erodibility (K-Factor), topography (LS-Factor), crop types (C-Factor), and conservation practice (P-Factor). The severity of wind-driven soil loss was calculated by overlaying the values of five factors: climatic erosivity (CE-Factor), soil erodibility (E-Factor), soil crust (SC-Factor), vegetation cover (VC-Factor), and surface roughness (SR-Factor). The proposed model was statistically validated by comparing its outputs to the results of USLE and ILSWE models. Soil loss values based on USLE and SSLM varied from 0.26 to 3.51 t ha−1 yr−1 with an average of 1.30 t ha−1 yr−1 and from 0.26 to 3.09 t ha−1 yr−1 with a mean of 1.33 t ha−1 yr−1, respectively. As a result, and according to the assessment of both the USLE and the SSLM, one soil erosion class, the very low class (<6.7 t ha−1 yr−1), has been reported to be the prevalent erosion class in the study area. These findings indicate that the Dakhla Oasis is slightly eroded and more tolerable against water erosion factors under current management conditions. Furthermore, the study area was classified into four classes of wind erosion severity: very slight, slight, moderate, and high, representing 1.0%, 25.2%, 41.5%, and 32.3% of the total study area, respectively, based on the ILSWE model and 0.9%, 25.4%, 43.9%, and 29.9%, respectively, according to the SSLM. Consequently, the Dakhla Oasis is qualified as a promising area for sustainable agriculture when appropriate management is applied. The USLE and ILSWE model rates had a strong positive correlation (r = 0.97 and 0.98, respectively), with the SSLM rates, as well as a strong relationship based on the average linear regression (R2 = 0.94 and 0.97, respectively). The present study is an attempt to adopt a spatial-based model to compute and map the potential soil erosion. It also pointed out that designing soil erosion spatial models using available data sources and the integration of USLE and ILSWE with GIS techniques is a viable option for calculating soil loss rates. Therefore, the proposed soil erosion spatial model is fit for calculating and assessing soil loss rates under this study and is valid for use in other studies under arid regions with the same conditions.

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38

Megahed, Hanaa A., Hossam M. GabAllah, Mohamed A. E. AbdelRahman, Paola D’Antonio, Antonio Scopa, and Mahmoud H. Darwish. "Geomatics-Based Modeling and Hydrochemical Analysis for Groundwater Quality Mapping in the Egyptian Western Desert: A Case Study of El-Dakhla Oasis." Water 14, no. 24 (December 9, 2022): 4018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14244018.

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Groundwater is the single source of water in El-Dakhla Oasis, western desert, Egypt. The main objective of this study is an assessment of groundwater in the area for agriculture and drinking compared to Egyptian and World Health Organization criteria. Most the contamination of water in the study area comes from human and agricultural activities. Thirty soil profiles were studied in the area and we assessed soil quality. Seventy-four samples were taken from the area’s groundwater wells to assess the chemical characteristics of the groundwater. Moreover, the contamination of groundwater by farming and anthropogenic activities was assessed using a land use/land cover (LULC) map. Nine standard water criteria were determined to assess groundwater quality for agriculture. Furthermore, the resulting risk to human health and agricultural crops has been addressed. Therefore, the drinking quality of groundwater samples is graded as low as the hydrochemical study showed high TH, EC, TDS, Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, and Fe2+ contents of 40.5%, 2.7%, 1.4%, 3.8%, 1.6%, 86.5%, and 100%, respectively. Human health is risked by drinking this water, which negatively affects hair, skin, and eyes, with greatest exposure to enteric pathogens. Using these criteria, the majority of groundwater samples cause harmful effects on soil types and are toxic to sensitive crops (vegetable crops). In conclusion, the output of this research is a map showing groundwater suitable for consumption and agriculture in El-Dakhla Oasis based on all indices using the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) model. Additionally, there was evidence of a linear relationship between soil quality and irrigation water quality (R2 = 0.90). This emphasis on tracking changes in soil/water quality was brought on by agricultural practices and environmental variables.

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hassan, ahmed, Mohamed Ramdan, Omar S.F. A, and Lubna Elkabawy. "In vitro anthelmintic effects of iron oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles against Fasciola Spp. in Dakhla Oasis, Egypt." Benha Veterinary Medical Journal 41, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 144–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2021.83038.1442.

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40

Sefelnasr, Ahmed, Wolfgang Gossel, and Peter Wycisk. "Three-dimensional groundwater flow modeling approach for the groundwater management options for the Dakhla oasis, Western Desert, Egypt." Environmental Earth Sciences 72, no. 4 (January 10, 2014): 1227–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-3041-4.

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Mahmoud, Hussein Hosni, and Saad Younes Ghoubachi. "Geophysical and hydrogeological investigation to study groundwater occurrences in the Taref Formation, south Mut area – Dakhla Oasis - Egypt." Journal of African Earth Sciences 129 (May 2017): 610–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2017.02.009.

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Kamh, G. M. E., A. A. Shehata, C. T. Oguchi, R. A. Rabea, and S. S. M. El-Sayed. "Geological and Geotechnical Parameters Controlling Wall Paints Detachment at Selected XXVI Dynasty Tombs, Bahariya Oasis, Egypt." Restoration of Buildings and Monuments 19, no. 1 (February 1, 2013): 11–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rbm-2013-6570.

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43

AWAD, M. H., G. A. AL NADEEM, ,S A. SAMEEH, and A. R. HEMEID. "FACIES AND DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE PHOSPHATE DEPOSITS AT EL-RASHDA, EL-MAWHOOB AREA, DAKHLA OASIS, WESTERN DESERT, EGYPT." Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science- Basic Science Sector 24, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/absb.2013.6591.

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44

Ibrahim, Hamza A., and Mohamed O. Ebraheem. "Ground‐penetrating radar reflections and their archaeological significances at two ancient necropolis tombs in Kharga Oasis, Egypt." Near Surface Geophysics 18, no. 6 (October 24, 2020): 713–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nsg.12127.

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Mohallal Hamed, Eman, and Hany Ahmed. "SURVEYS OF WILD VERTEBRATES IN THE KHARGA AND DAKHLA OASIS AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE NEW RECLAMATION AREAS IN EGYPT." Egyptian Journal of Desert Research 68, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 259–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejdr.2019.12939.1028.

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Mabrouk, Mahmoud S. O., and Mohamed Abdel Moez Mahbob. "Survey of the Most Common Insect Species on Some Foraging Crops of Honeybees in Dakhla Oasis, New Valley Governorate, Egypt." Journal of Ecology of Health & Environment 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18576/jehe/050105.

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47

Saleh, Hosam M., Samir B. Eskander, Hazem H. Mahmoud, and Mona I. Abdou. "Groundwater quality and health assessments based on heavy metals and trace elements content in Dakhla Oasis, New Valley Governorate, Egypt." Water Science 36, no. 1 (January 7, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23570008.2021.2018540.

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hassan, ahmed, Mohamed, Y. Ramdan, S. F. A. Omar, Aliaa Balegh, and Lubna, M. Elakabawy. "Diagnosis of Fasciola spp. infection in cattle in El-Dakhla Oasis, Egypt by Intradermal test and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay." Benha Veterinary Medical Journal 41, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 141–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/bvmj.2021.83035.1440.

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FAROUK, SHERIF, and SREEPAT JAIN. "Benthic foraminiferal response to relative sea-level changes in the Maastrichtian–Danian succession at the Dakhla Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt." Geological Magazine 155, no. 3 (December 13, 2016): 729–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756816001023.

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AbstractThe Maastrichtian–Danian benthic foraminiferal diversity and assemblages through sequence stratigraphy were studied at Dakhla Oasis, Egypt. Benthic foraminifera numbers (BFN), high-flux species and characteristic benthic foraminiferal species and genera distribution are also incorporated to assess palaeobathymetry, palaeoenvironment and palaeoproductivity. All these proxies are then taken together to construct a sea-level curve and interpreted in terms of regional tectonics, climate and eustasy. Data suggest a remarkably highly equitable benthic environment deposited in a brackish littoral and/or marsh setting with moderate (?) to low oxygen conditions and reduced salinity (oligotrophic), possibly due to increased precipitation and terrestrial runoff. The interrupted dominance of calcareous forms and high-organic-flux species suggests occasional marine incursions and high palaeoproductivity, due to local upwelling. The inferred sea-level curve replicates the global eustatic curve and suggests that the curve is more influenced by the prevailing climate and global eustasy rather than by regional tectonics. The post-Cretaceous–Palaeogene boundary displays improvement in the environment in terms of diversity and number of species and specimens, with a marked reduction in the abundance of high-organic-flux species during early Paleocene (Danian) time, indicating a shift from a more mesotrophic open marine environment to much reduced oligotrophic conditions.

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Farouk, Sherif, and Sreepat Jain. "Sea-level changes in the Paleocene (Danian–Thanetian) succession at the Dakhla Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt: implications from benthic foraminifera." Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 128, no. 5-6 (October 2017): 764–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pgeola.2017.06.006.

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