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Academic literature on the topic 'Tolerance'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Tolerance"

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Burszta, Wojciech. "Wędrująca idea tolerancji." Slavia Meridionalis 14 (November 27, 2014): 33–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/sm.2014.002.

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The travelling idea of toleranceAs an idea, “tolerance” belongs to a category of notions that can be seen as a subjective phenomenon in the sense that the underlying semantics of its assumptions are greatly varied and variable. Tolerance is a travelling idea exactly because of this primary reason, for which the practice of verbalising tolerance influences the way it is being understood. Tolerance always forms a relation with a wide palette of similar notions, which decide on its particular semantic understanding. These include for example the notions of universality, relativity and cosmopolitism. Against this background, the difference between tolerance in theory (subjective) and tolerance in practice (objective, pragmatic) also becomes evident.The paper presents several important episodes from the specific journey of tolerance-as-an-idea in the history of European culture – beginning with the Ottoman Empire and ending with modern disputes on the status of tolerance in liberal democracies. Wędrująca idea tolerancjiTolerancja należy do tych idei, które można traktować jako zjawisko podmiotowe w tym sensie, że semantyka założeń, leżąca u podstaw jego rozumienia, jest bardzo zróżnicowana i zmienna. Tolerancja jest ideą podróżującą w czasie i przestrzeni właśnie z tego podstawo­wego powodu, że sposób jej werbalizacji decyduje każdorazowo o sposobie, w jaki rozumie się to pojęcie. Tolerancja zawsze wchodzi w związki z całą paletą pokrewnych pojęć, w ramach których tworzy się konkretna semantyka tej idei. To m.in. pojęcia uniwersalności, relatyw­ności i kosmopolityzmu. Na tym tle dobrze widać także różnicę między tolerancją w sensie teoretycznym (podmiotową) a tolerancją praktyczną (przedmiotową, pragmatyczną).Artykuł przedstawia kilka najważniejszych epizodów wędrówki tolerancji-jako-idei w historii kultury europejskiej – począwszy od Imperium Osmańskiego, a skończywszy na dzisiejszych sporach o status tolerancji w demokracjach liberalnych.
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Lustig, R., R. Hochmuth, and H. Meerkamm. "Tolerance Analysis of Sheet Metal Assemblies with Focus on Non-Rigid Geometry." Advanced Materials Research 6-8 (May 2005): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.6-8.249.

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Tolerance analysis is nowadays a modern and efficient tool to simulate toleranced assemblies. As a result the designer gets the closing tolerance as well as to the priority of influencing tolerances. The closing tolerance can be calculated in worst-case or in statistical manner. These methods and tools have in common that only rigid, non-deformable geometry can be integrated. Many application cases in industry have tolerances as well as the influence of elastic deformations of components to be considered. Effects as spring-back of deformed components for assembly are reality. In this paper a method will be presented which allows a tolerance analysis of non-rigid geometry, especially for sheet metal assemblies.
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Polini, Wilma, Andrea Corrado, and Costanzo Cavaliere. "Tolerance Analysis Supports Tolerance Assignment." International Journal of Manufacturing, Materials, and Mechanical Engineering 8, no. 1 (January 2018): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmmme.2018010101.

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This work presents a method to support product design, since it shows how to use together tolerance assignment and analysis for choosing among different set of tolerances assigned to the same product. It starts from tolerance assignment that produces different sets of tolerances for the product components which are all acceptable from a functional point of view. It translates each assigned set of tolerances into one or more groups of tolerances that are recognized by the software used for tolerance analysis. Therefore, the software for tolerance analysis is applied to each group of tolerances by means of a Monte Carlo simulation approach. Finally, the obtained results are intersected or compounded to obtain the trend of product functional requirements that allows to identify the best set of tolerances assigned to the product components. The developed method was applied to a skillet, a platform of an industrial plant that is made of five parts connected by screws. The obtained results show how the developed new method is a valid tool to support design for industrial application.
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Mihail, Rarița. "POLITICAL TOLERANCE VERSUS MORAL TOLERANCE." International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on the Dialogue between Sciences & Arts, Religion & Education 3, no. 1 (August 25, 2019): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.26520/mcdsare.2019.3.167-173.

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Pereira Menaut, Antonio Carlos, and Carolina Pereira Sáez. "Mera Tolerancia // Simple Tolerance." Revista de Derecho Político 1, no. 96 (August 3, 2016): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/rdp.96.2016.17054.

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Pondělíček, Bedřich. "Tolerance distributive and tolerance Boolean varieties of semigroups." Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal 36, no. 4 (1986): 617–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21136/cmj.1986.102120.

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Cheng, Kuo Ming, and Jhy Cherng Tsai. "Graph-Based Process Planning for Rotational Part Machined with Tolerancing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 52-54 (March 2011): 1824–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.52-54.1824.

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This paper investigates a methodology and corresponding graph modeling of process planning for cylindrical machined parts with tolerancing. Methods and techniques for representing possible process plans, reducing the complexity and eliminating over-toleranced plans are developed. The method first maps each feature of a part into feasible finishing processes that are capable to achieve the specified tolerances associated with the feature. All possible process plans are then developed by expanding preceding processes of each finishing process. The expanded processes form a graph, or a forest, with processes as nodes and process sequence as links. Processes with same specifications can be further merged and pruned to reduce the complexity of the graph. Tolerance stack-up of each possible plan for simplified results is also further computed by tolerance chart such that over-toleranced plans are eliminated. As there are often many feasible plans for machining a part, the qualified plan that satisfies design specifications is achieved by traversal through the graph imposing tolerance chart. An example is also demonstrated to illustrate the approach and the model. The merit of this method is to employ a unified graph model for representing and reasoning.
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Pondělíček, Bedřich. "Tolerance distributive and tolerance modular varieties of commutative semigroups." Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal 36, no. 3 (1986): 485–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21136/cmj.1986.102108.

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Moroni, G., and W. Polini. "Tolerance-based Variations in Solid Modeling." Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering 3, no. 4 (December 1, 2003): 345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1631581.

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Information on tolerances and attributes of mechanical parts and assemblies is crucial for many activities in a product’s life cycle. Tolerance design is a complex task because many factors (functional, technological and economical) should be considered. It is an iterative process, starting from a first tolerances assignment and ending with the definition of their optimal values. Once all tolerances have been assigned to each part of an assembly, tolerance analysis is performed. This stage aim is to evaluate if the combined effects of the assigned tolerances let the design requirements be met. Then, feasible and economical aspects are considered on the basis of both available processes and cost evaluations. The whole tolerance design stage is usually defined as tolerance synthesis. The focus of this work is the discussion of the algorithms to model the geometrical variations, of each part of an assembly, allowed by geometric tolerances. This involves the change of the boundary nominal representation of a part face on the basis of the assigned dimensional and geometric tolerances. At present, the developed algorithms are able to simulate flatness, location and orientation. The modified parts, generated by tolerance simulation, may be used to evaluate the overall assemblability and, then, to verify the assembly functional requirements.
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Davidson, J. K., and J. J. Shah. "Geometric tolerances: A new application for line geometry and screws." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 216, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954406021524837.

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A new mathematical model is introduced for the tolerances of cylindrical surfaces. The model is compatible with the ISO/ANSI/ASME standard for geometric tolerances. Central to the new model is a Tolerance-Map®†, a hypothetical volume of points that corresponds to all possible locations and variations of a segment of a line (the axis) that can arise from tolerances on size, location and orientation of the cylindrical surface. Each axis in a tolerance zone will be represented with the six Plücker coordinates. Cylindrical surfaces in a tolerance zone for the same hole can then be treated by attaching a size tolerance to each of the lines, thereby forming a screw. Relationships for the content of line solids for a tolerance zone are developed to correspond to the variations of locations. These are then used to obtain a measure for the increment in cost when a more refined tolerance is specified. This model is one part of a bilevel model that is under development for geometric tolerances.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tolerance"

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Hadley, Ruth. "A year to tolerate tolerance? : an analysis of the UN 'Year of Tolerance' in the context of the theoretical debate on tolerance, 1945-2010." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:184929.

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The practice of making international dedications (of days, weeks or years) proliferated in the second half of the twentieth century with the rise of international institutions like the United Nations. The practice contrasts alternative dealings with time i.e. sacred time or dedication as commemoration. International dedications celebrate a concept of social or environmental importance, with a particular emphasis on awareness raising and inculcating change on a practical level. 1995 was the ‘United Nations International Year for Tolerance’. To the study of tolerance, the ‘Year’ marks the apex of tolerance as an object of modern international concern. This thesis is divided into two halves. The former undertakes a close analysis of the build-up to the UN ‘Year of Tolerance’ (Chapter One), the ‘Year’ itself and the subsequent follow-up (Chapter Two). It likewise provides a more general account of the rise and practice of international dedication making. The second half of this thesis addresses the broader theoretical debate on tolerance, 1945-2010. This thesis understands the UN ‘Year of Tolerance’ as a particular institutionalised expression of a specific theoretical mode of tolerance, taken from the theoretical debate on tolerance, and masked by the veneer of cultural universality. It uses 1995 as an artificial marker to gauge continuity and change in the debate on tolerance and to demarcate between Chapter Three-Chapter Four (pre-1995) and Chapter Five-Chapter Six (post-1995). The conclusion summarises the principal points of continuity and discontinuity and finally contextualises the UN ‘Year of Tolerance’ in the theoretical debate on tolerance i.e. as the institutional embodiment of a particular liberal-‘political’ mode of tolerance and an international attempt at final foreclosure of the controversy around tolerance. In seeking to critically account for the UN ‘Year of Tolerance’, and likewise to provide a general overview of continuity and change in the modern theoretical debate of tolerance, this thesis seeks to redress ‘a gap’ in current academic research.
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Potts, Malcolm. "Desiccation tolerance." Thesis, Durham University, 1995. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/9528/.

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Despite the fundamental significance of desiccation in determining the distributions and activities of living organisms, there is virtually no insight as to the state of the cytoplasm of an air-dried, or even a wet, cell. In bacterial cells that have been subjected to air-drying the evaporation of free cytoplasmic water (Vf) can be instantaneous, and an equilibrium between cell-bound water (VQ and the environmental water (vapor) potential (Ψwv)) may be achieved very rapidly. In the air-dried state some bacteria survive only for seconds, others can tolerate desiccation for thousands, perhaps for millions, of years. The means by which certain cells, the anhydrobiotes, overcome and then tolerate acute water deficit remains one of the most intractable problems in cell biology. One such anhydrobiote, the cyanobacterium Nostoc commune, is cosmopolitan, its colonies form visually-conspicuous and abundant growths in situ, and it constitutes an ecologically-significant component of terrestial nitrogen-fixing communities. The cyanobacteria are phylogenetically-significant organisms that provide model systems for the study of a broad range of problems in cell biology. The studies described in this thesis established the molecular ecology and cell biology of Nostoc commune, and they provide a chronicle of the development of this microorganism as the prokaryotic model for the anhydrobiotic cell. In the design of experiments to investigate this problem the bias was, and remains, this: to understand desiccation tolerance, understand an organism that tolerates desiccation. The thesis documents an investigation into the consequences of acute cell-water deficit and the cellular basis for desiccation tolerance. An eclectic approach has been adopted to study desiccation tolerance and it includes the application of techniques of cell biology, biochemistry, microbiology, molecular biology, structural biology and biophysics.
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Clements, N. Scott. "Fault tolerance control of complex dynamical systems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/15515.

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Shehabi, Murtaza Kaium. "Cost tolerance optimization for piecewise continuous cost tolerance functions." Ohio : Ohio University, 2002. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1174937670.

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Wood, Douglas M. (Douglas Michael). "Discriminative Stimulus Properties of Cocaine: Tolerance and Cross-Tolerance Characteristics." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500536/.

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Rats were trained to discriminate an injection of cocaine, 5.0 mg/kg, from an injection of saline, using a two-lever choice paradigm: one lever was correct after cocaine injection, the other lever was correct after a saline injection. After training, cocaine and methamphetamine were generalized to the cocaine lever, but phenethylamine (PEA) was only partially generalized. Cocaine was injected every 8 hrs, 20.0 mg/kg, and the discriminability of 5.0 mg/kg was tested every other day. Redetermination of the cocaine generalization curve after 6 days of chronic administration showed a shift to the right, from an ED50 of 4.1 mg/kg in the pre-chronic condition to 10.0 mg/kg. Tolerance did not develop to the behavioral effects of cocaine, measured by time to the first reinforcement and response rate. There was cross-tolerance to methamphetamine; however, no evidence for cross-tolerance to PEA was obtained. Following the acquisition of tolerance, chronic administration of cocaine was terminated, and the discriminability of 5.0 mg/kg was tested every other day for loss of tolerance. After 8 days the ED50 returned to 5.0 mg/kg.
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Denardin, Fernanda Kruel. "Software tolerante a falhas para aplicações tempo real." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/20922.

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Esta dissertação aborda um ramo da computação que se encontra em crescente desenvolvimento: a computação em tempo real. Os sistemas de computação tempo real surgiram a partir da necessidade de substituição do controle humano, que muitas vezes é falho, em situações complexas ou críticas, onde máxima confiabilidade e disponibilidade são exigidas para garantir a segurança do sistema. A área de aplicação diferencia-se de outras convencionais por possuir diferentes tipos de restrições de tempo e operar em ambientes não-determinísticos. Entretanto, atualmente tais sistemas estão tornando-se grandes, complexos, distribuídos, adaptativos e cada vez mais presentes nas aplicações do dia-a-dia,o que tende a exigir soluções mais simples e generalizadas. Pelo fato de tais sistemas normalmente atuarem sobre aplicações críticas, importante salientar que, em algumas situações, pequenos erros no sistema podem levar a grandes catástrofes. Mesmo atrasos mínimos no tempo de resposta são problemáticos, podendo ocasionar degradações ou ações erradas no mundo físico controlado pelo sistema tempo real. Como nestes casos máxima confiabilidade e disponibilidade são exigidas para garantir a sua segurança, tornou-se importante a construção de sistemas tempo real tolerantes a falhas. Dessa forma, é visivelmente crescente a necessidade de utilização de mecanismos capazes de abordar os requisitos de tempo real e tolerância a falhas de forma integrada durante o desenvolvimento do sistema. Assim, o processo de desenvolvimento de sistemas tempo real confiáveis torna-se mais simples e mais eficiente. A necessidade de maior conhecimento do uso de tolerância a falhas para obter segurança no funcionamento de aplicações tempo real levou ao desenvolvimento deste trabalho, onde buscou-se um caminho de solução para a adequação das técnicas de tolerância a falhas a estas aplicações. Sabe-se que para produzir software confiável e, desta forma de maior qualidade, além do emprego de boas técnicas de engenharia de software, é necessário compreender os principais conceitos e técnicas de tolerância a falhas. Por outro lado, é importante ter-se conhecimento dos mecanismos oferecidos pelas diversas camadas de software de um sistema - protocolo de comunicação, sistema operacional e linguagem de programação - para apoiar estas atividades de tolerância a falhas. Este trabalho busca analisar os mecanismos e técnicas usados na implementação de software tolerante a falhas frente às situações mencionadas, uma vez que nem todas as técnicas conhecidas podem ser indistintamente aplicáveis a estas situações. Os resultados desta análise são organizados na forma de uma taxonomia, visando assim auxiliar projetistas de desenvolvimento de software a tomarem decisões importantes na construção de sistemas tempo real tolerantes a falhas. Os mecanismos são agrupados de acordo com o nível de implementação: sistemas operacionais, linguagens de programação e protocolos de comunicação, destacando suas características e aplicabilidade. Por fim uso da classificação é demonstrado com a análise de três casos-exemplo.
This dissertation is about a, computer science field which is in growing development, that is, real-time computation. Real-time computing systems have emerged from the necessity of substituting. human control which is sometimes failed in complex or critical situations. In these ones maximum availability and reliability are requested in order to guarantee the system dependability. The application area differs from the conventional ones because it has particular time constraints and operates in nondeterministic environments. Nevertheless, nowadays such systems are becoming large, complex, distributed and adaptive but tend to demand simpler and generalized solutions as they are more present in daily applications. Since such systems normally act on critical applications it is important to reinforce, that in some situations, subtle systems errors may generate big catastrophes. Even slight delays in response time are troublesome and they may cause degradation or wrong acts in physical world controlled by real-time systems. In these cases maximum reliability and availability are requested in order to guarantee system dependability. Thereby, the requirement of including mechanisms capable of achieving real-time and fault tolerance in an integrated way during the system design has been increased. Thus, the developing process of reliable real-time systems becomes simpler and more effective. The necessity of improving designers knowledge on using fault tolerance in order to obtain dependability on real-time applications has motivated this study. Our main goal has been to find an adequate way of using fault tolerance techniques to these applications. It is known that the development of reliable software not only requires appropriate software engineering techniques but also demands understanding of main politics and mechanisms used to implement fault tolerance techniques in these situations. Otherwise, it is very important to know the related support that is offered by the different software levels of a system - communication protocol, operating system and programming language. This study has as purpose analyzing the mechanisms and techniques used in implementation of fault-tolerant software applied to the previously mentioned situations. The basic supposition is that not all the known techniques may be applied indistinctly to these situations. The properties of the software are organized according to a taxonomy, where the mechanisms are bracketed in groups according to implementation level: operating systems, programming languages and communication protocols. In this presentation, the characteristics and applicability of the software tools are stood out in order to help developing-software designers to decide what is important to build faulttolerant software. Finally, the use of the classification is demonstrated by analyzing three case-examples.
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Crockford, Andrew. "Deciphering tetraploid tolerance." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2016. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1475158/.

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Chromosomal instability and aneuploidy are common features of human malignancies, which fuel genetic heterogeneity and can lead to inaccurate diagnosis and treatment failure. Tetraploidy has been shown as an intermediate of aneuploidy and, thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms governing tetraploid tolerance is of great importance. A frequent tolerance mechanism observed in experimental systems and human tumours is loss of TP53, highlighting its central role in the tetraploidy checkpoint. However, despite this association, more than half of genome-doubled tumours are TP53 wild-type. The aim of this project was to understand how tetraploid cells could tolerate the polyploidy phenotype with a functional p53/p21 axis. Firstly, tetraploidy tolerance was investigated in an isogenic HCT-116 diploid and tetraploid system. The HCT-116 tetraploids showed functional p53, in response to DNA damage and segregation error induction, while also displayed elevated basal level of both proteins. Despite this, the tetraploid clones could proliferate and showed no evidence of cell cycle arrest, suggesting the p53/p21 tetraploidy checkpoint response had been overridden. Quantitative proteomics revealed cyclin D1 overexpression in the tetraploid clones. As cyclin D1 can sequester p21, their relationship was investigated and validated in the HCT-116 system. To further test if elevated cyclin D1 could affect tolerance, cytokinesis failure was pharmacologically induced in RPE cells, where cyclin D1 overexpression promoted tetraploidy tolerance across multiple assays. In addition, bioinformatics analysis revealed that D-type cyclins were overexpressed in TP53, CDKN1A and RB1 wild-type, genome-doubled testicular germ cell tumours (TGCT). These findings indicate that D-type cyclin overexpression can provide tetraploidy tolerance in vitro and may be implicated in TGCT genome-doubling and pathogenesis.
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Mpoeleng, Dimane. "From crash tolerance to Byzantine tolerance : fail signalling dependable distributed systems." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2142.

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Many fault-tolerant group communication middleware systems have been implemented assuming crash failure semantics. While this assumption is not unreasonable, it becomes hard to justify when applications are required to meet high reliability requirements and are built using commercial off the shelf (COTS) components. This thesis implements new techniques to deal with Byzantine faults in a distributed group communication system. This thesis proposes a technique by which a process is duplicated into two replicas such that the process is turned into a self-checking pair with the two replicas communicating synchronously over a reliable network, but two different replicas from different processes can be connected asynchronously. The proposed approach is based on the replicas obeying state machine replication (SMR). SMR is utilised to assure signal-on-failure (fail-signal) semantics. One or both of the two replicas always issues a signal to other entities whenever there is a failure between and within the entities. This way, dependable activities such as group member failure detection, liveliness and security are removed from the upper layer of group communication service down to the two-replica pairs. With most of failure detection and security activities confined between the two replicas, semantics of a group communication are simplified and the number of phases and rounds of group communication protocols is reduced. The thesis demonstrates the fail-signalling concept by converting a group communication system member, through duplication of each group member, into a self checking pair. Security is augmented to the replicas' fail signalling capabilities to tolerate even more serious Byzantine faults. Performance results of the traditional group communication system are compared with results of a group system with duplicated fail signalling group members. The thesis has proven that the fail signalling group communication has the advantage of detecting failures faster without suspicions and that resulted in better group communication semantics, better dealing with member failures and faster formation of new group views.
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Séron, Fabienne. "L'economie psychosomatique des transplantes renaux - une tolerance immunologique, une tolerance psychologique ?" Paris 5, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA05H067.

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Dans cette recherche, nous formulons une question fondamentale : quels sont les facteurs intervenant dans la reussite d'une transplantation renale ? une double tolerance (immunologique et psychologique) concourt au maintien de l'equilibre homeostatique ou de l'economie psychosomatique, toujours singuliere selon les sujets. Nous postulons l'existence d'un lien particulier unissant l'organisation mentale d'un greffe a la valeur fonctionnelle du greffon. Des situations traumatiques precipitent frequemment la survenue d'une maladie. La maniere de vivre et d'elaborer celle-ci s'avere bien specifique, selon les caracteristiques d'organisation mentale. Les sujets porteurs d'une meme affection somatique ne presentent pas les memes particularites de fonctionnement mental. De multiples parametres en interaction favorisent ou non la tolerance immunologique et psychologique du greffon : la capacite de developper une symptomatologie mentale assure une certaine protection du corps. La richesse fantasmatique, la possibilite de negocier les conflits et de tolerer une angoisse determinent en partie la tolerance immunologique. Nous soulignons les apports fondamentaux de l'environnement exterieur pour certains sujets, tres carences sur le plan de l'organisation mentale. Leur equilibre psychosomatique se maintient a la faveur des contre-investissements externes (medicaux, chimiotherapiques, relationnels). Ceci exerce une fonction pare-excitante prenant le relais des systemes defensifs defaillants. L'homeostasie globale de ces sujets depend de la configuration d'un cadre de vie privilegie. Pour les patients plutot bien mentalises, la greffe realise une situation de crise psychologique commandant : l'exacerbation d'angoisses, de defenses et de conflits specifiques selon l'histoire ou le developpement libidinal de chacun. Ces manifestations symptomatiques ou defensives favorisent la "metabolisation" et l'elaboration mentale de la transplantation renale. La greffe permet alors l'installation d'un relatif palier de reorganisation et une reprise evolutive somatique comme psychique
In this paper, we have elaborated a fundamental question : what are the factors which contribute towards the success of a kidney transplant ? a dual tolerance (immunological and psychological) works towards maintaining homeostatic balance or "psychosomatic economy", always specific to each subject. We have suggested that there is a precise relationship between the mental organization of a transplant patient and the functional value of the transplanted organ itself. Traumatic situations frequently accelerate the outbreak of an illness. The way it is lived and mentally elaborated is very specific, depending on mental characteristics. Subjects who suffer from the same somatic trouble do not present the same mental characteristics. Numerous interactive parameters either encourage or do not encourage the immunological and psychological tolerance of the transplanted organ : the ability to develop a mental symptomatology ensures a certain protection of the body. The abundance of fantasies, the ability to overcome conflicts and to tolerate anxiety, partly determine immunological tolerance. We have emphasized the fundamental contribution of the external environment in the case of subjects who are very deficients as regards their mental organization. They maintain their psychosomatic balance on account of an external counteraction (medical, chemotherapic, relational). This has the function of preventing excessive excitation, thus compensating for deficient defense systems. The global homeostasis of such subjects depends on the configuration of privileged life conditions. In patients with rather good mental organization, the transplant creates a situation of psychological crisis, which leads to the exacerbation of anxieties, defences and specific conflicts depending on individual history or libido evolution. Such symptomatic or defensive manifestations encourage the mental metabolization and elaboration of the kidney transplant. The transplant thus allows the setting up of a relative stage of re-organization and a somatic, as well as psychic, evolutive re-start
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Divekar, Rohit Dilip Zaghouani Habib. "Two aspects of peripheral immune tolerance systemic and mucosal tolerance mechanisms /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6868.

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The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on April 1, 2010). Vita. Thesis advisor: Habib Zaghouani. "May 2008" Includes bibliographical references.
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Books on the topic "Tolerance"

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Klaus, Václav. Tolerance =: Tolerance = Tolérance = Toleranz = Tolerancia. Praha: Readers International (Prague), 1994.

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Dominique, Roger, Parinaud André 1924-, and Parinaud Claudine, eds. Tolerance. Paris: UNESCO Pub., 1996.

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M, Murphy Madonna, ed. Tolerance. Mankato, Minn: Bridgestone Books, 2000.

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Cornwell, Patricia Daniels. Tolerance zero. [Paris]: Ed. des Deux Terres, 2007.

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Paul, Fairchild J. Immunological Tolerance. New Jersey: Humana Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/1597453951.

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Fairchild, Paul J., ed. Immunological Tolerance. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-395-0.

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Robinson, Matthew Ryan, and Kevin M. Vander Schel, eds. Beyond Tolerance. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110613735.

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Boyd, Ashleigh S., ed. Immunological Tolerance. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8938-6.

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Lee, Peter Alan, and Thomas Anderson. Fault Tolerance. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-8990-0.

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Bertossi, Leopoldo, Anthony Hunter, and Torsten Schaub, eds. Inconsistency Tolerance. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b104925.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tolerance"

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O’Hara, James E., Igor UsUpensky, N. J. Bostanian, John L. Capinera, Reg Chapman, Carl S. Barfield, Marilyn E. Swisher, et al. "Tolerance." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 3827. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_2478.

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Levesque, Roger J. R. "Tolerance." In Encyclopedia of Adolescence, 2995–96. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1695-2_617.

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Turiault, Marc, Caroline Cohen, Guy Griebel, David E. Nichols, Britta Hahn, Gary Remington, Ronald F. Mucha, et al. "Tolerance." In Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology, 1324. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68706-1_871.

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Kolakowsky-Hayner, Stephanie A. "Tolerance." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2524. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_1754.

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Neves, M. Patrão. "Tolerance." In Encyclopedia of Global Bioethics, 2791–800. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09483-0_419.

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Neves, M. Patrão. "Tolerance." In Encyclopedia of Global Bioethics, 1–11. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05544-2_419-1.

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Nahler, Gerhard. "tolerance." In Dictionary of Pharmaceutical Medicine, 182. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-89836-9_1398.

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Kolakowsky-Hayner, Stephanie A. "Tolerance." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_1754-2.

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Fairholm, Gilbert W. "Tolerance." In Management for Professionals, 87–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17154-8_7.

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Kolakowsky-Hayner, Stephanie A. "Tolerance." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 3472. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_1754.

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Conference papers on the topic "Tolerance"

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Dresner, Thomas L., and Philip Barkan. "Optimal Tolerance Allocation for Tolerance Stack-Ups." In ASME 1993 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1993-0389.

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Abstract The allocation of individual tolerances that form critical stack-ups is an important task in mechanical design. It is desirable, but difficult in practice, to allocate tolerances to obtain all required stack-ups at minimum cost. A minimum-cost allocation method is proposed here that works for both a single tolerance stack-up and for multiple tolerance stack-ups that share one or more individual tolerances. Tolerances can be optimally allocated for both worst case and a variety of 6σ statistical cases. The method is applicable to one-dimensional stack-ups and to multi-dimensional stack-ups with known sensitivity functions. It is a numerical Lagrange multiplier method that is more general than the Lagrange multiplier methods that have often been proposed. The basic method will almost always provide the lowest cost result when the manufacturing process to produce each toleranced dimension has been firmly established in advance. An exact method for efficiently extending the basic method to determine the lowest cost process for producing each dimension is also introduced.
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Armillotta, A., G. F. Biggioggero, Q. Semeraro, G. Moroni, and W. Polini. "Tolerance Control in Workpiece Fixturing." In ASME 1999 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc99/dfm-8902.

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Abstract When designing parts with tight tolerances, care must be paid to ensure that specified accuracy can be yielded despite manufacturing deviations. An issue to be considered is how deviations on datum elements propagate on toleranced features, taking into account configuration of locating fixtures used in manufacturing set-ups. The paper focuses on calculating position errors on machined features due to fixture configuration and tolerances on datums. Referring to some examples, it is shown how the most significant factors for tolerance control can be recognised by a proper geometric description of the locating fixture. The analysis is intended as a support to both fixture design and detection of critical aspects of part geometry and tolerancing scheme.
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Chitale, Aniket N., Joseph K. Davidson, and Jami J. Shah. "Statistical Tolerance Analysis With Sensitivities Established With Tolerance-Maps." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85108.

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The purpose of math models for tolerances is to aid a designer in assessing relationships between tolerances that contribute to variations of a dependent dimension that must be controlled to achieve some design function and which identifies a target (functional) feature. The T-Maps model for representing limits to allowable manufacturing variations is applied to identify the sensitivity of a dependent dimension to each of the contributing tolerances to the relationship. The method is to choose from a library of T-Maps the one that represents, in its own local (canonical) reference frame, each contributing feature and the tolerances specified on it; transform this T-Map to a coordinate frame centered at the target feature; obtain the accumulation T-Map for the assembly with the Minkowski sum; and fit a circumscribing functional T-Map to it. The fitting is accomplished numerically to determine the associated functional tolerance value. The sensitivity for each contributing tolerance-and-feature combination is determined by perturbing the tolerance, refitting the functional map to the accumulation map, and forming a ratio of incremental tolerance values from the two functional T-Maps. Perturbing the tolerance-feature combinations one at a time, the sensitivities for an entire stack of contributing tolerances can be built. For certain classes of loop equations, the same sensitivities result by fitting the functional T-Map to the T-Map for each feature, one-by-one, and forming the overall result as a scalar sum. Sensitivities help a designer to optimize tolerance assignments by identifying those tolerances that most strongly influence the dependent dimension at the target feature. Since the fitting of the functional T-Map is accomplished by intersection of geometric shapes, all the T-Maps are constructed with linear half-spaces.
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Shoukr, David Sh L., Mohamed H. Gadallah, and Sayed M. Metwalli. "The Reduced Tolerance Allocation Problem." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-65848.

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Tolerance allocation is a necessary and important step in product design and development. It involves the assignment of tolerances to different dimensions such that the manufacturing cost is minimum, while maintaining the tolerance stack-up conditions satisfied. Considering the design functional requirements, manufacturing processes, and dimensional and/or geometrical tolerances, the tolerance allocation problem requires intensive computational effort and time. An approach is proposed to reduce the size of the tolerance allocation problem using design of experiments (DOE). Instead of solving the optimization problem for all dimensional tolerances, it is solved for the significant dimensions only and the insignificant dimensional tolerances are set at lower control levels. A Genetic Algorithm is developed and employed to optimize the synthesis problem. A set of benchmark problems are used to test the proposed approach, and results are compared with some standard problems in literature.
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Tsai, Jhy-Cherng, and Chin-Ming Shih. "Computer-Aided Linear Tolerance Analysis and Optimal Tolerance Distribution for Cylindrical Machined Parts." In ASME 1998 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc98/dac-5804.

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Abstract Quality and cost are among the most important concerns for a product. While tolerance is one of the typical metrics for quality, it is a trade-off between tolerances and costs in product development though the two factors often conflict with each other. This paper describes a systematic approach to compute linear tolerance accumulation for cylindrical parts by machining operations based on the tolerance chart. A computer-aided tolerance chart system is developed to assist the construction of the corresponding tolerance chart and the computation of accumulated linear tolerances for a given process plan. Tolerance distribution to each machining operation by optimization techniques is also investigated. The goal is to minimize machining cost subject to constraints on tolerance accumulation and process capability. It shows that the machining cost of a sample part with the worst-case tolerance analysis can be reduced by 39%, compared to that by experience, and can be further reduced if statistical tolerance analysis applies.
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Kang, Y., Y. Rong, and J. C. Yang. "Computer-Aided Fixture Design Verification: Part II — Tolerance Analysis." In ASME 2002 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2002/dac-34145.

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Tolerance analysis is the most important issue in computer-aided fixture design (CAFD) since the primary task of fixturing is to ensure the quality of machining, and it is an important part in computer-aided fixture design verification (CAFDV). This study presents a new approach for fixture tolerance analysis that is more generalized and can be used to assign locator tolerances based on machining surface tolerance requirements. The tolerance analysis is also generalized to handle any type of fixture designs, workpieces, datum features, and machining feature tolerances. Locator tolerance assignment distributes tolerances to locators based on a sensitivity analysis.
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Roy, Utpal, and Bing Li. "Formation of Geometric Tolerance Zones for Polyhedral Objects." In ASME 1997 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc97/dac-3990.

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Abstract This paper presents a scheme for establishing geometric tolerance zones for polyhedral objects in solid modelers. The proposed scheme is based on a surface-based variational model. Variations are applied to a part model by varying each surface’s model variables. Those model variables are constrained by some algebraic relations derived from the specified geometric tolerances. For size tolerance, two types of tolerance zones are considered in order to reflect two different types of size tolerances. For any other geometric tolerance (form, orientation or positional), the resultant tolerance zone is defined by the combination of size tolerance and that particular geometric tolerance specifications. Appropriate algebraic constraints (on the model variables) are finally used to establish the tolerance zone boundaries in the surface-based variational model.
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Jayakaran, Christopher, Ragini Patel, Prashant Momaya, K. Roopesh, Umeshchandra Ananthanarayana, and Gautam Sardar. "Taking the Grunt Work Out of Tolerance Optimization." In ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95579.

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The activity of tolerance allocation and optimization is a critical step in the product design process. This inherent trade-off between design objectives and process capability poses challenges in achieving right tolerances, both technically and effort-wise. Traditional methods in tolerance allocation are mostly regressive and are constrained by selection of the manufacturing processes. A progressive approach to tolerance allocation that does not assume these processes helps in achieving optimality of the tolerances and selection of manufacturing processes to realize the design. The two-stage process suggested in this paper formulates an optimization problem that allocates the tolerances based on sensitivities of tolerance values at the first stage followed by manufacturing process selection and further optimization to adhere to the processes selected in the second stage. The approach aims at achieving optimal allocation of tolerances and assignment of the manufacturing processes, while keeping the optimization problem computationally simple, although iterative.
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Tsai, Jhy-Cherng. "Geometric Tolerance Analysis for Mechanism Design." In ASME 1996 Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-detc/dac-1053.

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Abstract Manufacturing tolerances and joint clearances are the two major factors affecting mechanism accuracy. As error analysis is one of the bottlenecks of precision machinery design, methods for geometric tolerance analysis must be investigated for mechanism design. This paper describes an approach for analyzing errors caused by geometric tolerances and clearances in mechanism design. The method consists of three parts: variational kinematic models for geometric tolerances, a systematic geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T) representation scheme, and computation methods for interval and statistical tolerances. Variational models are based on differential transformation to model kinematic errors caused by tolerances and clearances. The model is consistent with error models used in typical mechanical devices. The GD&T scheme, called the Tolerance Network (TN), employs graph theory for representing GD&T as well as fitting specifications of a design is described. Errors are propagated by traversal throughout the network and stack-up of these variational models along the dominate path in the TN. Error computation methods for both interval and statistical tolerance types are discussed. A method for computing central moments, rather than analytical distributions, of statistical tolerances is developed to reduce the computation complexity. A five-degree-of-freedom robot is used as an example at each step to illustrate this approach.
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Ting, Kwun-Lon, and Yufeng Long. "Performance Quality, Sensitivity, and Tolerance Specification of Mechanisms." In ASME 1994 Design Technical Conferences collocated with the ASME 1994 International Computers in Engineering Conference and Exhibition and the ASME 1994 8th Annual Database Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1994-0217.

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Abstract By employing Taguchi’s concept to mechanism synthesis, this paper presents the theory and technique to identify a robust design, which is the least sensitive to the tolerances, for mechanisms and to determine the tolerance specification for the best performance and manufacturability. The method is demonstrated in finite and infinitesimal position synthesis. The sensitivity Jacobian is first introduced to relate the performance tolerances and the dimensional tolerances. The Rayleigh quotient of the sensitivity Jacobian, which is equivalent to Taguchi’s signal to noise ratio, is then used to define the performance quality and a sensitivity index is introduced to measure the sensitivity of the performance quality to the dimensional tolerances for the whole system. The ideal tolerance specification is obtained in closed form. It shows how the tolerance specification affects the performance quality and that the performance quality can be significantly improved by tightening a key tolerance while loosening the others. The theory is general and the technique is readily adaptable to almost any form and type of mechanical system, including multiple-loop linkages and mechanical assemblies or even structures.
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Reports on the topic "Tolerance"

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Schneider, Fred B. From Fault-tolerance to Attack Tolerance. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada548748.

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Orendorff, Christopher J., Ganesan Nagasubramanian, Kyle R. Fenton, and Eric Allcorn. Abuse Tolerance Improvements. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1225854.

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Roy, U., N. Pramanik, H. Wang, R. Sudarsan, R. D. Sriram, and K. W. Lyons. Tolerance synthesis scheme. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.6836.

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Grene Alscher, Ruth, Jonathan Gressel, Carole Cramer, Abraham Warshawsky, and Elizabeth Grabau. Mechanisms of Oxidant Resistance in Weed and Crop Species. United States Department of Agriculture, March 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7613041.bard.

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A large body of evidence has accumulated showing that plant strains that are tolerant to a particular oxidant stress have a modicum of cross-tolerance to other oxidant stresses, whether caused by transient heat, drought, cold or oxidizing air pollutants or herbicides. We have studied a multienzyme scavenging system associated with oxidant tolerance at the metabolic and molecular levels in the model systems of pea and Conyza. Data from our experimental systems suggest that both development and subcellular compartmentalization play important roles in stress tolerance. The behavior of the chloroplast may differ from that of the cytosol. Further study of these controls is needed to acquire the understanding needed to generate oxidant stress tolerant field crops.
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Lovan, Antonio, Garrett Storhoff, Joshua Malecha, Rick Hopper, Joseph R. Vanstrom, and Jacek A. Koziel. Cultivator Sweep Tolerance Gauge. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/tsm416-180814-15.

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Trent, Bruce, Donald Sandoval, Manikantan Velappan, and Bradley Mitchell. Resolution of Tolerance Variations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1826508.

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Olivas, Eric Richard, Michael Jeffrey Mocko, and Keith Albert Woloshun. Target Optimization Study: Tolerance Sensitivity. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1615652.

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Packer, L. The bioenergetics of salt tolerance. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5141950.

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Lyman, J. T. Tolerance doses for treatment planning. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6934260.

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Gray, F. G. Fault Tolerance in Parallel Architectures. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada170245.

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