Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Tobim'
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Souza, Eliziane Mara de. "A taxa Tobin." Florianópolis, SC, 2007. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/90284.
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O objetivo principal desta dissertação é investigar a possibilidade da implementação da Taxa Tobin como um mecanismo de controle da especulação financeira internacional, bem como de mitigação da exclusão social relacionada ao processo de globalização. Para tanto, parte-se de um estudo teórico sobre as principais mudanças no Estado, processadas no contexto do neoliberalismo, conduzidas por um projeto político (globalização neoliberal), que ocasionaram o agravamento da exclusão social, além da intensificação da especulação financeira internacional, apontando-se a Taxa Tobin como uma medida auxiliar no combate à exclusão, bem como uma alternativa de controle da mobilidade dos fluxos de capitais especulativos, confirmando-se a hipótese de trabalho. Assim, concluiu-se que a tributação das transações financeiras mundiais, por meio da Taxa Tobin, consiste numa medida que poderia proporcionar o controle da especulação, além de gerar uma receita anual considerável, que poderia ser revertida em programas que favorecessem a inclusão de pessoas e países frágeis sócio-economicamente (campanhas de combate à exclusão, promovendo-se a saúde, o emprego, a educação etc., bem como em programas de reestruturação das economias periféricas). The main of this dissertation is to investigate the possibility of tobin tax implementation as an international finance control mechanism, as well as a tool for globalization related social exclusion mitigation. To reach this objective there is a theoretical study approach on the main changes in the State, occurred in the context of the neoliberalism, led by a political project, that caused the worsening of the social exclusion, besides the intensification of the international financial speculation. For such, it is pointed the tobin tax as an auxiliary measure in the combat to the exclusion, as well as an alternative for capitals mobility [flows] control, confirming the proposed hypothesis. So, it is ended that world financial transactions taxation, through the tobin tax, may consist in a measure that would be able to provide a speculation control, besides generating a considerable annual revenue, that could be reverted in programs to support the people's and fragile countries economically partners inclusion (combat campaigns to the exclusion, being promoted the health, the employment, the education etc.), as well as programs of outlying savings restructuring.
Rabenau, Merten. "Studien zum Buch Tobit /." Berlin ; New York : W. de Gruyter, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb357301098.
Full textContient en annexe la trad. allemande du Livre de Tobie. Bibliogr. p. [201]-225. Index.
Hallermayer, Michaela. "Text und Überlieferung des Buches Tobit /." Berlin [u.a.] : de Gruyter, 2008. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2998906&prov=M&dokv̲ar=1&doke̲xt=htm.
Full textJäger, Therese. "Utveckling av en produktionsprognosprocess för Tobii Technology." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-55491.
Full textIn the efforts of Tobii Technology’s production to achieve its internal goal of on time delivery and minimal net assets in stocks, it has proved necessary to examine the production prognosis. The purpose of the thesis is therefore to examine how well the production prognoses match the actual demand and to define the Tobii should work in the production prognosis process to ensure that the component layer is based on the best information available. As a first step a situation analysis was performed to create a perception of the current situation and its difficulties. A combination of quantitative and qualitative method was judged to be of greatest interest to ensure that all aspects were considered in the survey. The survey was based on personal interviews with all the managers involved in prognosis. A literature review was conducted in the areas that contained relevant contribution to the problem statement, mainly forecasting and process management, and iterations of method study and proposed solutions was implemented. The investigation process was an iterative process in which the obtained theoretical and company-specific information was reduced by focusing on the problem using the boundaries. Drawn conclusions generated feedback that made additional data collection necessary. The result shows that the actual demand within the Business Area Analysis Solutions can be considered to agree well with the projected needs. Neither component shortage nor a large stock should therefore exist in the business area. This is not the case. Lack of components as well as over-stocking sometimes exists. The basis of this problem must therefore lie elsewhere in production. The audit of the Assistive Technology forecasting cannot reliably answer whether any component failures may stem from the low projections as a result of substandard records management. However, it appears that the forecasts have been too low on some products. It is therefore important to continue monitoring the effectiveness of these forecasts so that the forecast's role in the problem can be ruled out. For a number of products it can with great certainty be claimed that the projections have consistently been too high. It also agreed that the stock purchases are linked to these projections, which means increased storage costs in this sector can be partly traced back to the forecast errors. The business area Futures Markets probably has a little high forecast in comparison with the demand. Component deficiency should therefore not exist in production but this is sometimes the case. This may be due to the fact that the same components are largely contained in the products from the Assistive Technology product range. If their forecasts have been too low they may have absorbed this need, but it may also be due to other sources of error in production. Since the quantities in this business unit are relatively small these prognosis errors will not lead to any significant amounts of capital being tied up. A prognosis process with a responsible process owner has been designed and introduced. A flow chart has been prepared which clarifies the operations, responsibilities and the time frame. In this process, the flow of information and terminology has been secured. Among other things, a new production prognosis document and a discussion paper, where additional information can be found, was created. All documents are contained in the document management system which has been introduced.
Davenport, Kelly (Kelly Ann) 1971. "The Tobin Bridge : its history and politics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65466.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. [42]-[43]).
The Tobin Bridge was a significant transportation improvement which gave automobile travelers from Chelsea and the North Shore unprecedented high-speed access to Boston. Through the first 50 years of the 20th century, Chelsea wanted a high-speed bridge but could not afford to build one, and also could not convince the state of Massachusetts or the city of Boston to finance a new bridge. In 1946, the state legislature created the Mystic River Bridge Authority, a public authority which built a high-level bridge by issuing bonds whose repayment was based upon expected toll revenues. The construction process was briefly delayed by protests from community members and their elected representatives, who objected to the residential displacements the bridge caused. The Mystic River Bridge opened in February, 1950, and was renamed the Maurice J. Tobin Bridge in 1967.
by Kelly Davenport.
M.C.P.
Stocco, Leandro. "Q de Tobin e fundamentos no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/96/96131/tde-24072009-151653/.
Full textBrazilian economic growth has been low for the last two decades, when compared to its historical performance and international growth. One of the main factors responsible for this situation is the small level of investment in the economy. This work aims to verify whether macroeconomic fundamentals can explain the behavior of Tobin\'s Q, which is supposed to be an indicator of investment decisions of the firms. Empirically, it will be employed an automatic selection model: Autometrics.
Chen, Chunxia. "Semi-parametric estimation in Tobit regression models." Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15300.
Full textDepartment of Statistics
Weixing Song
In the classical Tobit regression model, the regression error term is often assumed to have a zero mean normal distribution with unknown variance, and the regression function is assumed to be linear. If the normality assumption is violated, then the commonly used maximum likelihood estimate becomes inconsistent. Moreover, the likelihood function will be very complicated if the regression function is nonlinear even the error density is normal, which makes the maximum likelihood estimation procedure hard to implement. In the full nonparametric setup when both the regression function and the distribution of the error term [epsilon] are unknown, some nonparametric estimators for the regression function has been proposed. Although the assumption of knowing the distribution is strict, it is a widely adopted assumption in Tobit regression literature, and is also confirmed by many empirical studies conducted in the econometric research. In fact, a majority of the relevant research assumes that [epsilon] possesses a normal distribution with mean 0 and unknown standard deviation. In this report, we will try to develop a semi-parametric estimation procedure for the regression function by assuming that the error term follows a distribution from a class of 0-mean symmetric location and scale family. A minimum distance estimation procedure for estimating the parameters in the regression function when it has a specified parametric form is also constructed. Compare with the existing semiparametric and nonparametric methods in the literature, our method would be more efficient in that more information, in particular the knowledge of the distribution of [epsilon], is used. Moreover, the computation is relative inexpensive. Given lots of application does assume that [epsilon] has normal or other known distribution, the current work no doubt provides some more practical tools for statistical inference in Tobit regression model.
Licata, David. "Time-Varying Preferences, Risk Premia, and Tobin Constraints." Thesis, University of California, Irvine, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3669381.
Full textThe first chapter of my thesis explores monetary policy in a New Keynesian model with Markov-switching risk aversion. The second considers the implications for the macroeconomic and financial properties of an RBC model of the presence of habit formation. The third examines the result of adding the ``Tobin constraint" that shares equal the capital stock to a benchmark RBC mdoel. The underlying theme of these endeavors is rendering macroeconomic models more realistic via the introduction of time-varying preferences, non-linear modelling, and financial frictions.
Rocha, Gustavo Henrique Mitraud Assis. "Modelos de regressão t-Tobit com erros nas covariáveis." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUBD-9UNGM5.
Full textNeste trabalho é desenvolvida uma análise de regressão linear considerando que a variável dependente é censurada e também que algumas das variáveis explicativas são medidas com erros aditivos. Esse modelo de regressão censurado com erros de medidas é especificado assumindo distribuições com cauda pesada para o processo probabilístico. Especificamente, assume-se uma distribuição t-Student multivariada para modelar o comportamento conjunto dos erros e das verdadeiras covariáveis não observadas. Nesse sentido, o modelo será robusto o suficiente para proteger as inferências de observações atípicas e influentes. Para a estimação do modelo considera-se a metodologia de máxima verossimilhança, em que inclui-se a estimação da variância assintótica dos estimadores de máxima verossimilhança e também desenvolve-se um algoritmo do tipo EM para obter as estimativas, e também o paradigma bayesiano, onde considera-se o procedimento de aumento de dados e desenvolve-se um algoritmo MCMC para amostrar das distribuições a posteriori. A metodologia proposta flexível o bastante para ser adaptada para distribuições com caudas pesadas vindas da classe de misturas de escala da distribuição normal. A performance da nova metodologia desenvolvida é avaliada através de um estudo Monte Carlo e também de uma análise de um estudo de caso.
Liu, Shan. "Model checking in Tobit regression model via nonparametric smoothing." Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13790.
Full textDepartment of Statistics
Weixing Song
A nonparametric lack-of-fit test is proposed to check the adequacy of the presumed parametric form for the regression function in Tobit regression models by applying Zheng's device with weighted residuals. It is shown that testing the null hypothesis for the standard Tobit regression models is equivalent to test a new null hypothesis of the classic regression models. An optimal weight function is identified to maximize the local power of the test. The test statistic proposed is shown to be asymptotically normal under null hypothesis, consistent against some fixed alternatives, and has nontrivial power for some local nonparametric power for some local nonparametric alternatives. The finite sample performance of the proposed test is assessed by Monte-Carlo simulations. An empirical study is conducted based on the data of University of Michigan Panel Study of Income Dynamics for the year 1975.
Goins, Samantha. "Corporate governance and firm valuation in Brazil." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/20223.
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This paper investigates the relationship between the quality of a firm’s corporate governance and firm valuation, as measured by Tobin’s Q, for Brazilian firms listed on the BM&FBovespa from 2010 to 2014. A corporate governance index is constructed from a set of five sub-indices which were compiled from publicly available information. The indices have been used to determine how corporate governance practises have evolved over the period. The results of the study show a positive and significant relationship between firm value and greater overall corporate governance in Brazilian listed firms, as well as the component sub-indices.
Esta tese investiga a relação entre a qualidade da governança corporativa das empresas e o seu valor de mercado, como é medido pelo Q de Tobin, para empresas brasileiras listadas no BM&FBovespa entre 2010 e 2014. O índice de governança corporativa utilizado foi construído a partir de um conjunto de cinco sub-índices que foram compilados a partir de informação disponível publicamente. Estes índices foram utilizados com o intuito de determinar como as práticas de governança corporativa evoluíram durante o período em estudo. O resultado desta tese mostra uma relação positiva expressiva entre o valor de mercado das empresas e a manutenção de uma melhor governança corporativa nas empresas brasileiras listadas, assim como com os sub-índices referidos.
Le, Bas Timothy P. "Processing techniques for TOBI side-scan sonar data." Thesis, University of Reading, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360112.
Full textČesnavičienė, Eglė. "UAB "Tobis" darbuotojų motyvavimo modeliai ir jų pasirinkimą įtakojantys veiksniai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20061219_153528-41455.
Full textNowadays, there is a lot of severe competition among companies working in the market. In this case, a joint-stock company „Tobis“ has to deal with the ways of keeping and improving its advantage over its competitors in the same business area. Because of this competition, the leader of the company has to cope with a particular task, making sure that his/her employees will complete all the given tasks properly and on time. This could be obtained only by a positive attitude towards the employees’ motivation. Although motivation is changeable, it can be used to make employees go ahead. That is why, in some profitable companies, gaining employees' motivation is one of the most important parts of the company strategy. A highly motivated employee is a resource and a capital of a company, as a highly motivated team can achieve more results. Thus, while motivating employees, a leader has to think over the factors which influence the choice of motivation models. The major aim is trying to take into account each employee‘s needs individually. That has to be taken into consideration while applying motivation models to get positive results in the company‘s business. An employee is a personality who reacts and acts differently under different circumstances. Bearing in mind these reasons, the leader mustn‘t apply the same motivation model to all his/her workers. There are a lot of ways to make an employee work for a company in a favourable way. The ways are divided into the following two... [to full text]
Aukrust, Avemo Jonas. "Data gathering and analysis in gaming using Tobii Eye Tracking." Thesis, KTH, Optimeringslära och systemteori, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-180462.
Full textE-sport växer och med det växer prispengar i turneringar. Valves speltitel DotA 2 är en av de största e-sportstitlarna. När professionella spelare tränar för att bli allt duktigare så kan nya verktyg för att hjälpa träningen bli väldigt viktiga. Eye tracking (att mäta var spelaren tittar under spelets gång) kan ge en extra dimension i träningen för spelaren. målet med detta examensarbete är att ta fram ett ”Visual Attention Index” för DotA 2, det vill säga, ett index som reflekterar en spelares visuella uppmärksamhet under en match. Intervjuer med spelare kombinerat med datainsamling från spelare med eye trackers och statistiska metoder användes för att ta fram relevanta metriker att använda i arbetet. Resultaten visade att linjär regression inte lämpade sig att använda på det insamlade datat, men då antalet testpersoner var så lågt så måste mer data samlas ihop från fler personer för att kunna dra några statistisk signifikanta slutsatser. Support Vector Ma-chines (SVM) användes också, och visade sig vara en effektiv metod att separera bättre spelare från säamre. En ny SVM-metod, baserad på linjärprogrammering, testades också. Den visade sig vara både enkel och effektiv att tillämpa på det insamlade datat.
Leiker, Antoinette. "A comparison study on the estimation in Tobit regression models." Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13804.
Full textDepartment of Statistics
Weixing Song
The goal of this report is to compare various estimation procedures on regression models in which the dependent variable has a restricted range. These models, called Tobit models, are seeing an increase in use among economists and market researchers, specifically. Only the standard Tobit regression model is discussed in the report. First we will examine the five estimation methods discussed in Amemiya (1984) for standard Tobit model. These methods include Probit maximum likelihood, least squares, Heckman’s two-step, Tobit maximum likelihood, and the EM algorithm. We will examine the algorithm utilized in each method’s estimation process. We will then conduct simulation studies using these estimation procedures. Twelve scenarios have been considered consisting of three different truncation threshold on the response variable, two distributions of covariates, and the error variance known and unknown. The results are reported and a discussion of the goodness of each method follows. The study shows that the best method for estimating Tobit regression models is indeed the Tobit maximum likelihood estimation. Heckman’s two-step method and the EM algorithm also estimate these models well when the truncation rate is low and the sample size is large. The simulation results show that the Least squares estimation procedure is far less efficient than other estimation procedures.
Lowry, Orla Mary. "Belfast intonation : testing the ToBI framework of intonational analysis." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370089.
Full textZhang, Yi. "Empirical minimum distance lack-of-fit tests for Tobit regression models." Kansas State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/12123.
Full textDepartment of Statistics
Weixing Song
The purpose of this report is to propose and evaluate two lack-of-fit test procedures to check the adequacy of the regression functional forms in the standard Tobit regression models. It is shown that testing the null hypothesis for the standard Tobit regression models amounts testing a new equivalent null hypothesis of the classic regression models. Both procedures are constructed based on the empirical variants of a minimum distance, which measures the squared difference between a nonparametric estimator and a parametric estimator of the regression functions fitted under the null hypothesis for the new regression models. The asymptotic null distributions of the test statistics are investigated, as well as the power for some fixed alternatives and some local hypotheses. Simulation studies are conducted to assess the finite sample power performance and the robustness of the tests. Comparisons between these two test procedures are also made.
Charland, Pierre. "Le roman de Tobit : filiation, fiction et vérité : une lecture théologique." Thèse, Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17721.
Full textGranados, Pedro. "Pacto poético e Internet: el caso de Cristóbal "Tobi" Kanashiro." En Blanco y Negro, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/117178.
Full textKasole, Ka-Mungu Benjamin. "Des ténèbres à la lumière : la guérison dans le livre de Tobit /." Frankfurt am Main : Lang, 2008. http://d-nb.info/987596896/04.
Full textKa-Mungu, Benjamin Kasole. "Des ténèbres à la lumière la guérison dans le livre de Tobit." Frankfurt, M. Berlin Bern Bruxelles New York, NY Oxford Wien Lang, 2006. http://d-nb.info/987596896/04.
Full textO'LEARY, CHRISTOPHER JOSEPH. "AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE BENEFIT ADEQUACY (RATIONING CONSTRAINTS, TOBIT MODELS)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183901.
Full textBrassett, James. "Cosmopolitan ethics in global finance? : a pragmatic approach to the Tobin Tax." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2006. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/4090/.
Full textHO, JESSICA, and GROHP LINNÉA. "Identifiering av kundupplevelser och behov på Tobii Pro med Service Design Thinking." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-193028.
Full textThis master thesis project tests a Service Design Thinking approach for learning more about Tobii Pro’s customers’ needs and experiences. Service Design Thinking is an emerging usercentered interdisciplinary approach that is traditionally used for service development, but can also be implemented for other purposes. This thesis is performed at Tobii Pro, a division of TobiiAB, a company that develops and sells products within the field of eye-tracking. The aim of this thesis was to investigate which needs, experiences and thresholds Tobii Pro’s academic customers could be discovered by using a Service Design Thinking approach, and what could be done in order to meet them. Further, the aim was to evaluate if the tested Service Design approach is suitable for identifying the customer needs and experiences, and which methods are appropriate for this kind of investigation at high-technology companies such as Tobii Pro. The investigations were performed by designing a framework of six main methods included in Service Design Thinking approach: semi-structured interviews, customer experience mapping, contextual interviews, co-creation in a pilot study, workshop and focus group. The methods were executed, analysed and evaluated iteratively and parallelly. In summary, the methods implemented provided the desired outcome: needs, experiences and thresholds of the academic users.The experiences of the academic customers, which were indicated to be mostly positive, were visualized in customer experience maps. The needs that were discovered included acquisition of theoretical knowledge about eye-tracking, time to learn how to use the equipment and possibilities to talk to other researchers, before implementing eye-tracking in research. Thresholds for starting to use the eye-tracking equipment were amongst other discovered to be, issues related to time - when planning new research, money - application for funding, or knowledge - acquisition of technical knowledge for interpreting eye-tracking data. Solutions for solving these matters were discussed and an online forum for knowledge exchange, a quick start instructions poster and video tutorials were proposed. To conclude, the results of this thesis indicate that the Service Design Thinking approach is suitable in the purpose of gaining more insights about the users for high-technology product companies such as Tobii Pro. All of the methods tested indicated to provide desired results, even though more research needs to be conducted for evidencing. Finally, Tobii Pro was recommended to incorporate and further test methods from the Service Design Thinking approach to achieving more insights about their users.
Saraiva, Paulo José. "Teorias Keynesianas sobre bancos e crédito: Tobin, Stiglitz e os pós-keynesianos." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2008. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=6341.
Full textThe present work aims at analyzing the models of the banking firm and credit from a Keynesian approach. Initially the theoretical proposals of Keynes and the Old and New Keynesian view of banking and credit are presented. In chapter 2 the representative models of the banking firm of these schools are described through Tobin and Stiglitzs model. In chapter 3 is developed the Post-Keynesian approach of money endogeneity - Moores banking firm model and the criticism made by the Post-Keynesian structuralist view. We also consider other Post Keynesian banking firm model, such as Dymskis model and Alves, Dymski and Paula banking strategy model. In chapter 4 we discuss if compatible the Post Keynesian approach is compatible or not with the conventional Keynesian theory of banking. In chapter 4 we consider the hypothesis of financial fragility of Minsky.
Barbosa, Rodrigo dos Santos. "Flexible information acquisition and optimal Tobin tax in tractable dynamic global games." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/16596.
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My dissertation focuses on dynamic aspects of coordination processes such as reversibility of early actions, option to delay decisions, and learning of the environment from the observation of other people’s actions. This study proposes the use of tractable dynamic global games where players privately and passively learn about their actions’ true payoffs and are able to adjust early investment decisions to the arrival of new information to investigate the consequences of the presence of liquidity shocks to the performance of a Tobin tax as a policy intended to foster coordination success (chapter 1), and the adequacy of the use of a Tobin tax in order to reduce an economy’s vulnerability to sudden stops (chapter 2). Then, it analyzes players’ incentive to acquire costly information in a sequential decision setting (chapter 3). In chapter 1, a continuum of foreign agents decide whether to enter or not in an investment project. A fraction λ of them are hit by liquidity restrictions in a second period and are forced to withdraw early investment or precluded from investing in the interim period, depending on the actions they chose in the first period. Players not affected by the liquidity shock are able to revise early decisions. Coordination success is increasing in the aggregate investment and decreasing in the aggregate volume of capital exit. Without liquidity shocks, aggregate investment is (in a pivotal contingency) invariant to frictions like a tax on short term capitals. In this case, a Tobin tax always increases success incidence. In the presence of liquidity shocks, this invariance result no longer holds in equilibrium. A Tobin tax becomes harmful to aggregate investment, which may reduces success incidence if the economy does not benefit enough from avoiding capital reversals. It is shown that the Tobin tax that maximizes the ex-ante probability of successfully coordinated investment is decreasing in the liquidity shock. Chapter 2 studies the effects of a Tobin tax in the same setting of the global game model proposed in chapter 1, with the exception that the liquidity shock is considered stochastic, i.e, there is also aggregate uncertainty about the extension of the liquidity restrictions. It identifies conditions under which, in the unique equilibrium of the model with low probability of liquidity shocks but large dry-ups, a Tobin tax is welfare improving, helping agents to coordinate on the good outcome. The model provides a rationale for a Tobin tax on economies that are prone to sudden stops. The optimal Tobin tax tends to be larger when capital reversals are more harmful and when the fraction of agents hit by liquidity shocks is smaller. Chapter 3 focuses on information acquisition in a sequential decision game with payoff complementar- ity and information externality. When information is cheap relatively to players’ incentive to coordinate actions, only the first player chooses to process information; the second player learns about the true payoff distribution from the observation of the first player’s decision and follows her action. Miscoordination requires that both players privately precess information, which tends to happen when it is expensive and the prior knowledge about the distribution of the payoffs has a large variance.
A presente tese concentra-se em aspectos dinâmicos de processos que envolvem coordenação entre agentes em ambientes com interação estratégica. Propomos utilizar os chamados global games para estudar a capacidade de uma Tobin tax elevar a probabilidade de sucesso em um ambiente em que investidores internacionais sujeitos a choques de liquidez precisam coordenar suas decisões de investimento (capítulo 1), e reduzir a vulnerabilidade de uma economia aberta a fluxos internacionais de capitais a sudden stops (capítulo 2). Também, investigamos o problema da aquisição de informação em jogos sequenciais com informação incompleta e complementaridade em ações (capítulo 3). No capítulo 1, agentes estrangeiros decidem se entram ou não em um projeto, cujo sucesso depende em parte da capacidade dos mesmos em coordenarem suas escolhas. Uma fração λ desses investidores é afetada por restrições de liquidez no segundo período do modelo e é forçada a se retirar do projeto ou impedida de entrar, dependendo de suas respectivas escolhas no primeiro período. Agentes não afetados pelo choque de liquidez possuem a opção de reavaliar decisões tomadas no primeiro estágio do jogo. É assumido que a probabilidade de sucesso do projeto de investimento é crescente no volume total de capital que a economia recebe, mas decrescente no volume de capitais que deixa a economia no segundo período. Na ausência de choques de liquidez (λ = 0), o volume de capital que é recebido em um estado pivotal para o sucesso do projeto de investimento independe da existência de um imposto sobre capitais de curto prazo. Como tal imposto sempre desestimula saídas de capitais, uma Tobin tax sempre favorece as chances de sucesso em uma economia em que λ = 0. Contudo, na presença de choques de liquidez, o volume total de investimento que a economia recebe torna-se decrescente em um imposto incidente sobre capitais de curto prazo. Neste caso, uma Tobin tax pode prejudicar as chances do processo de coordenação ser bem sucedido, caso o benefício de reduzir o volume de saída de capitais não seja suficientemente grande. O capítulo 2 estuda os efeitos de uma Tobin tax no mesmo cenário do capítulo 1, porém considera que a extensão da restrição de liquidez a que os agentes podem estar sujeitos é aleatória. Neste modelo, identificamos condições sob as quais uma Tobin tax reduz a probabilidade de se observar um sudden stop e eleva o bem estar no único equilíbrio de uma economia onde a probabilidade de ocorrência de um choque de liquidez é pequena, mas a magnitude de tal choque pode ser significativa. O capítulo final investiga o problema de aquisição de informação em um jogo sequencial com 2 agentes, externalidade informacional e complementaridade em ações. Demonstramos que, quando o custo de aquisição de informação é pequeno relativamente ao incentivo que os agentes possuem para coordenarem suas ações, apenas o primeiro jogador escolhe adquirir novas informações a respeito da distribuição dos payoffs, e o jogador 2 sempre segue a ação escolhida pelo jogador 1. Probabilidade positiva de se observar divergência em ações requer que ambos os jogadores processem informação privadamente, o que tende a ocorrer quando o custo de aquisição de informação é baixo e a distribuição a priori dos payoffs possui variância elevada.
Agrest, Inna. "Skatt på finansiella transaktioner - En studie över hur Sverige kan komma att påverkas av skatt." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-128521.
Full textThe idea of taxing markets have been around for decades and the goals today are the same as they were 80 years ago, to Harmonize existing legislation by reducing the amount of different national taxation methods, Stabilize markets thru decreased volatility Collect tax revenue The tax revenue will later be used to finance something that the society wants to finance. This thesis examines the possible effects that the financial transaction tax might have on Sweden and will present the effects that the tax might have not only inside the 11 countries in the European Union that will implement the tax from January 2014 but also on those outside, who will face higher costs even though they are not planning on implementing the tax. Sweden faces a risk with decreased pension’s funds a change in how we invest and where we invest.
Brandner, Alexandra. "Tobins q : eine theoretische und empirische Analyse unter dem besonderen Aspekt von Finanzierungsentscheidungen." Freiburg i. Br. Rombach, 2006. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2837494&prov=M&dokv̲ar=1&doke̲xt=htm.
Full textBrandner, Alexandra. "Tobins q eine theoretische und empirische Analyse unter dem besonderen Aspekt von Finanzierungsentscheidungen." Freiburg i. Br. Rombach, 2005. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2837494&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
Full textRapp, Kristin F. "Tobit a notated translation of the major Greek recensions and the Qumran texts /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2006. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p090-0329.
Full textPech, Lisa [Verfasser], Tobia [Gutachter] Lakes, and Bettina [Gutachter] Engels. "Armed Conflict and Urban Growth Patterns / Lisa Pech ; Gutachter: Tobia Lakes, Bettina Engels." Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1209129590/34.
Full textOates, Rosamund Brigid Mary. "Tobie Matthew and the establishment of the Godly Commonwealth in England, 1560-1606." Thesis, University of York, 2003. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9858/.
Full textJégourel, Yves. "Les effets de la taxe Tobin sur le marché des changes : une évaluation." Bordeaux 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR40052.
Full textDube, Rebecca. "Measuring technical efficiency in Zimbabwe's manufacturing sector: a two-stage DEA Tobit approach." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33719.
Full textWallin, Pontus. "Estimation of cross-border flow in electricity markets using a Markovian-Tobit approach." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-187673.
Full textElpriset kan estimeras i en modell som tar hänsyn till tillgång och efterfrågan på elmarknaden. I en sådan prognosmodell för elpriser på elmarknaden påverkar sammankopplade elmarknader tillgången på elektricitet i modellen. Om en angränsande marknad inte har prisoptimerats mot den gällande marknadsmodellen kan en prognos för import och export av el förbättra prisprognosen. ¨Överföringskapaciteten, den maximala mängden el som kan importeras eller exporteras mellan marknaderna är begränsad och kapaciteten skiftar i tiden. Detta arbete ¨ämnar att genom korsvalidering undersöka metoder för att estimera ett sådant begränsat flöde av elektricitet mellan två marknader. En multipel linjär regression är jämförd med varianter av Tobit modellen, en modell som hanterar avgränsat data. Denna modell är utökad med gömda Markovprocesser för att undersöka om detta kan minska felet i prediktionen. Resultatet visar att ett specialfall av Tobitmodellen som kan hantera en skiftande kapacitet i tiden minskar felet på prediktionen. Markov processerna ökar komplexiteten för prediktionen, men kan minska felet i prognosen i vissa fall.
Verheij, Thomas Joel. "Responses of inflation and output to monetary shocks in a Baumol-Tobin model." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4985.
Full textThe question of how monetary policy a¤ects the main economic variables remains one of the most important questions of the economic literature. With this dissertation I will try to contribute to the literature to answer this question. I will create a general equilibrium model with market segmentation based on the model of Alvarez et al (2009). The agents of the model will make transactions between money and bonds every N periods. The money is needed to buy goods but does not receive interest. The novelty of my model is that production will be endogenous. I will introduce a shock to the nominal interest rate and obtain the responses of in ation and output. The main conclusions are twofold. In the rst place, I obtain that the shock to the nominal interest rate has real e¤ects because in ation responds sluggishly. In the second place, I obtain that the response of in ation changes signi cantly when production is endogenous instead of exogenous.
Klasson, Sofia. "Utveckling av ögonstyrt kommunikationshjälpmedel för intensivvårdspatienter." Thesis, Linköpings Universitet, IDA, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-57923.
Full textThousands of people all over the world suffer from injuries that temporary affects their ability to speak or inother ways communicate. A very common procedure for persons that suffer from some kind of breathingproblem in the higher parts of the neck is called tracheotomy. This prevents the patient from speaking whenno air passes the vocal cords. There have been many studies done to understand how these patientsexperience this period. The results are consistent, the patients often feel fear, frustration and worries aboutthe future.Tobii Technology develops a technique called eyetracking wich enables persons to control a computer with theeyes. In this thesis eyetracking products for persons with permanent communication disabilities are used todevelop a communication aid for people with temporary communication disabilities. This is accomplishedthrough interviews, user interface development techniques and finally an evaluation of the product using afocus groupThousands of people all over the world suffer from injuries that temporary affects their ability to speak or inother ways communicate. A very common procedure for persons that suffer from some kind of breathingproblem in the higher parts of the neck is called tracheotomy. This prevents the patient from speaking whenno air passes the vocal cords. There have been many studies done to understand how these patientsexperience this period. The results are consistent, the patients often feel fear, frustration and worries aboutthe future.Tobii Technology develops a technique called eyetracking wich enables persons to control a computer with theeyes. In this thesis eyetracking products for persons with permanent communication disabilities are used todevelop a communication aid for people with temporary communication disabilities. This is accomplishedthrough interviews, user interface development techniques and finally an evaluation of the product using afocus group
Sigmund, Mathias. "Entwicklung der Globalisierung die Weltbank und der Internationale Währungsfonds sowie die globale Finanzarchitektur unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Tobin Steuer /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB11811283.
Full textKrüger, Carsten [Verfasser], Tobia [Gutachter] Lakes, Daniel [Gutachter] Müller, and Rüdiger [Gutachter] Schaldach. "Uncertainties in land change modeling / Carsten Krüger. Gutachter: Tobia Lakes ; Daniel Müller ; Rüdiger Schaldach." Berlin : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://d-nb.info/110151793X/34.
Full textEsch, Tobit Raphael [Verfasser]. "Quantenchemische Untersuchungen von Photokatalysatoren auf der Basis binärer und ternärer Übergangsmetallverbindungen / Tobit Raphael Esch." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1119888905/34.
Full textKam, Avrum Eric. "Three essays on endogenous time preference, monetary non-superneutrality and the Mundell-Tobin effect." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ59142.pdf.
Full textGhosh, Rao Asha 1973. "Political rush hour on the Tobin Bridge : receivership and the redevelopment of Chelsea, Massachusetts." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66399.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 113-118).
In September 1991, the Massachusetts State Legislature passed an Act that placed the city of Chelsea, Massachusetts under state receivership. Though the State justified receivership as a response to the City's bankruptcy, they acknowledged that the fiscal problems could not be solved without overcoming a corrupt local political structure. A staff of state-appointed receivers took control of the City for an ensuing five-year period with the charge of regaining fiscal solvency and writing a new city charter. During this time, the receivers initiated a consensus process with the residents to engage them in rewriting their city charter. The receivers were offering a unique opportunity for a state intervention to facilitate a local bottom up process to consider new possibilities for a local government structure. This held the potential to institutionalize greater public participation in local governance and redevelopment. However, I argue that the receivership primarily facilitated metropolitan planning agendas at the expense of public participation in local planning. Chelsea, less than two miles from both downtown Boston and the Logan International Airport, is geographically critical to metropolitan growth and transportation planning. In Chelsea, the tensions between local and metropolitan planning are critical. Given the City's value in the Boston metropolitan area, a significant portion of Chelsea's land is allocated to uses that serve metropolitan needs. The formulation of planning processes that allow the local community to reconcile their demands with the metropolitan authorities remains critical. In this thesis I explore the receivership and redevelopment of Chelsea, Massachusetts, during the early 1990's. I consider the similarities between the "reform" of Chelsea and the reforms advocated during the Progressive Era (1890-1920). I turn to the literature regarding the Progressive movement to understand the implications of the reform initiatives on planning outcomes. Though academic analyses of the Progressive movement do not offer insight into the planning outcomes of the Progressive Era reforms, an analysis of the reform of Chelsea lends insight into rethinking the Progressive Era. Throughout the chapters, I have placed photographs of Chelsea taken in spring 2002. The titles are not listed with the photographs to allow the reader to reflect freely upon the photographs in relation to the text. The themes and the intention of the photo essay are provided after the conclusion of the thesis.
by Asha Ghosh Rao.
M.C.P.
Herlitz, Mattias. "Analyzing the Tobii Real-world-mapping tool and improving its workflow using Random Forests." Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-228474.
Full textTobii Pro Glasses 2 används för att spela in tittdata vid marknadsundersökningar och vetenskapliga experiment. Tittpunkterna mappas från den inspelade filmen till en bild med intresseareor (AOI). De flesta viktiga mätvärdena handlar om fixationer, som uppkommer när en person betraktar samma ställe under en kort period. Metoden som främst används idag är att mappa tittpunkter manuellt, men ett snabbare sätt är att genom automatisk mappning använda Real World Mapping-verktyget (RWM). RWM:s tillförlitlighet undersöktes genom att analysera fixationer från flera inspelningar med hjälp av beslutsträd. En metod för att klassificera gazepunkter som korrekt eller icke-korrekt mappade skapades med hjälp av Random Forests (RF). Resultaten visar att RWM inte är särskilt bra på att mappa fixationer, varken att finna dem eller mappa dem till korrekt AOI. Det visade sig att RWM fungerar bättre vid begränsade rörelser och då AOI:erna är korrekt utformade, vilket kan agera som riktlinjer för den som utför ett experiment. RWM borde dock förbättras. RF-klassificeringen gav bra resultat på flera test set där tittpunkterna är mappade på en bild av RWM, och på tittpunkter som inte var mappade av RWM men som var i avseende av tid nära tittpunkter som är mappade. Tittpunkter som är långt ifrån mappade tittpunkter hade dåliga testresultat. Slutsatsen var att relevanta tittpunkter borde klassificeras med RF för att mappa om felaktigt mappade tittpunkter. Om RWM inte mappar stora segment tittpunkter så borde visuell klassificering användas.
Baconnet, de Saint-Aubert Hélène. "L'Histoire de Tobie et de Sara (Paul Claudel) : pour une dramaturgie de la gloire." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040122.
Full textNova, Tobia F. [Verfasser], and Andrea [Akademischer Betreuer] Cavalleri. "Nonequilibrium control of broken-symmetry phases in quantum materials / Tobia F. Nova ; Betreuer: Andrea Cavalleri." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1205491619/34.
Full textSCHUELER, CRISTIANO PEREIRA. "CLASSIFICATION OF PROJECTS IN ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES IN BRAZIL USING THE TODIM MULTICRETIRIA DECISION METHOD." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2012. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=21540@1.
Full textThis paper introduces the concepts and application of the method TODIM (Interactive Multicriteria Decision Making) in supporting decision making for classification projects in Electricity Distributors in Brazil. The method was applied to a numerical hypothetical case of a portfolio of four projects, which were assessed by a committee composed of 5 experts, from the perspective of 7 criteria for 3 different types of companies that have strategic objective of profitability, quality or the balance between both. Besides contributing to the study and application of the TODIM method as a model to support decision making in the context of project portfolio selection and prioritization, this work also seeks to present the detailed application of the method itself and the comparison with the results of applying the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) for the same hypothetical case.
Silva, Paulo Henrique Ferreira da. "Multivariate Copula-based SUR Tobit Models : a modified inference function for margins and interval estimation." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/7226.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
In this thesis, we extend the analysis of multivariate Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) Tobit models by modeling their nonlinear dependence structures through copulas. The capability in coupling together the diferent - and possibly non-normal - marginal distributions allows the exible modeling for the SUR Tobit models. In addition, the ability to capture the tail dependence of the SUR Tobit models where some data are censored (e.g., in econometric analysis, clinical essays, wide range of political and social phenomena, among others, data are commonly left-censored at zero point, or right-censored at a point d > 0) is another useful feature of copulas. Our study proposes a modified version of the (classical) Inference Function for Margins (IFM) method by Joe & Xu (1996), which we refer to as MIFM method, to obtain the (point) estimates of the marginal and copula association parameters. More specifically, we use a (frequentist) data augmentation technique at the second stage of the IFM method (the first stage of the MIFM method is equivalent to the first stage of the IFM method) to generate the censored observations and then estimate the copula parameter. This procedure (data augmentation and copula parameter estimation) is repeated until convergence. Such modification at the second stage of the usual method is justified in order to obtain continuous marginal distributions, which ensures the uniqueness of the resulting copula, as stated by Sklar (1959)'s theorem; and also to provide an unbiased estimate of the copula association parameter (the IFM method provides a biased estimate of the copula parameter in the presence of censored observations in the margins). Since the usual asymptotic approach, that is the computation of the asymptotic covariance matrix of the parameter estimates, is troublesome in this case, we also propose the use of resampling procedures (bootstrap methods, like standard normal and percentile by Efron & Tibshirani (1993), and basic bootstrap by Davison & Hinkley (1997)) to obtain con_dence intervals for the copula-based SUR Tobit model parameters.
Nesta tese de doutorado, consideramos os chamados modelos SUR (da expressão Seemingly Unrelated Regression) Tobit multivariados e estendemos a análise de tais modelos ao empregar funções de cópula para modelar estruturas com dependência não linear. As cópulas, dentre outras características, possuem a importante habilidade (vantagem) de capturar/modelar a dependência na(s) cauda(s) do modelo SUR Tobit em que alguns dados são censurados (por exemplo, em análise econométrica, ensaios clínicos e em ampla gama de fenômenos políticos e sociais, dentre outros, os dados são geralmente censurados à esquerda no ponto zero, ou à direita em um ponto d > 0 qualquer). Neste trabalho, propomos uma versão modificada do método clássico da Inferência para as Marginais (IFM, da expressão Inference Function for Margins), originalmente proposto por Joe & Xu (1996), a qual chamamos de MIFM, para estimação (pontual) dos parâmetros do modelo SUR Tobit multivariado baseado em cópula. Mais especificamente, empregamos uma técnica (frequentista) de ampliação de dados no segundo estágio do método IFM (o primeiro estágio do método MIFM é igual ao primeiro estágio do método IFM) para gerar as observações censuradas e, então, estimamos o parâmetro de dependência da cópula. Repetimos tal procedimento (ampliação de dados e estimação do parâmetro da cópula) até obter convergência. As razões para esta modificação no segundo estágio do método usual, são as seguintes: primeiro, construir/obter distribuições marginais contínuas, atendendo, então, ao teorema de unicidade da cópula resultante de Sklar (Sklar, 1959); e segundo, fornecer uma estimativa não viesada para o parâmetro da cópula (uma vez que o método IFM produz estimativas viesadas do parâmetro da cópula na presença de observações censuradas nas marginais). Tendo em vista a dificuldade adicional em calcular/obter a matriz de covariâncias assintótica das estimativas dos parâmetros, também propomos o uso de procedimentos de reamostragem (métodos bootstrap, tais como normal padrão e percentil, propostos por Efron & Tibshirani (1993), e básico, proposto por Davison & Hinkley (1997)) para a construção de intervalos de confiança para os parâmetros do modelo SUR Tobit baseado em cópula.
Bolognesi, Caio Vinicius Mayoli. "O impacto de diferentes tipos de investidores em ações de empresas small caps no Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/20204.
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A governança corporativa e seus impactos em diferentes indicadores de performance é um tema amplamente discutido na literatura econômico-financeira. No entanto, mesmo com diversos estudos realizados na área, a relação direta entre uma governança corporativa adequada e desempenho superior ainda é dúbia. Este trabalho tem por objetivo estudar o impacto da presença de diferentes tipos de investidores em empresas small caps na Bolsa brasileira. Para isso, utiliza-se o Q de Tobin como indicador de performance financeira e variáveis que indicam a presença ou não de investidores financeiros e não financeiros nessas companhias durante o período selecionado. O trabalho realiza o teste para dois tipos de período: o primeiro considera a presença de investidores de uma determinada natureza em qualquer momento do período testado; e o segundo considera o período específico de presença desses investidores. Os resultados obtidos não são conclusivos para estabelecer uma relação direta nos casos testados, mesmo que tenham sido encontrados alguns resultados significativos para alguns tipos de investidores em testes específicos.
The relationship between corporate governance and a firm's performance has been a widely studied theme among scholars. However, despite all the drawn to this question, the connection of appropriate corporate governance and superior performance is still dubious. This work aims to analyze the impact of the presence of different corporate and financial investors in small caps companies in the Brazilian stock market. For this purpose, Tobin's Q was selected as the key indicator of financial performance to be tested with variables indicating the presence or not of such investors. Two different types of tests were performed for this work: the first considering the existence of this kind of investor at any given period during the analyzed time frame, and the second considering the presence or not of these investors only during the specific quarters. Results were not conclusive to establish a direct relationship between these factors, despite the fact that some tests showed significant results.
Heuschele, Fabian. "Der Zusammenhang zwischen Managerial Shareholdings und Firmenwert in der Schweiz Eine empirische Untersuchung /." St. Gallen, 2007. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/04608188001/$FILE/04608188001.pdf.
Full textLukic, Boris. "The Use of Operational and Financial Hedging and its Effects on Firm Value." St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/02603801002/$FILE/02603801002.pdf.
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