Relevant bibliographies by topics / Tobacco Mosaic Viru

Academic literature on the topic 'Tobacco Mosaic Viru'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Tobacco Mosaic Viru"

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Rivas, E. B., S. R. Galleti, M. A. V. Alexandre, L. M. L. Duarte, and C. M. Chagas. "INTERCEPTATION OF VIRUSES ON FOREIGN TULIPS IN BRAZIL." Arquivos do Instituto Biológico 76, no. 3 (September 2009): 501–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657v76p5012009.

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ABSTRACT Sixty-seven tulip samples intercepted from the Netherlands by the Brazilian Agriculture Ministry, between 2004 and 2006, and two samples from São Paulo local market, Brazil, were assayed by serological and biological techniques, as well as by electron microscopy observations, for virus screening. In bulbs from the Netherlands potexviruses were detected in five samples and tobamoviruses in other three. Symptoms induced in some differential hosts were similar to those caused by Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), while serological results indicated an infection byTulip virus X. In two tulip samples from local flower shops, a Potyviridae was identified based on the presence of flexuous particles and cytoplasmic cylindrical inclusions. Mechanical transmission tests to potyvirus hosts in the Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae and Solanaceae species were negative, making possible to exclude a possible infection by Turnip mosaic viru, a common virus species in tulips. Although TVX could be detected in intercepted tulip bulbs from the Netherlands, the virus is only reported in Scotland, Japan and USA.
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Kim, Joung-Soo, Jae-Hyun Kim, Gug-Seoun Choi, Soo-Young Chae, Hyun-Ran Kim, Bong-Nam Joung, and Yong-Mun Choi. "Characterization of Tobacco mosaic virus Isolated fromSolanum tuberosum ‘Chubak’ in Korea." Research in Plant Disease 9, no. 2 (June 1, 2003): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5423/rpd.2003.9.2.089.

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Sanchez-Cuevas, M.-C., and S. G. P. Nameth. "Virus-associated Diseases of Double Petunia: Frequency and Distribution in Ohio Greenhouses." HortScience 37, no. 3 (June 2002): 543–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.37.3.543.

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Double petunia plants expressing virus-like symptoms were collected in greenhouses and garden centers throughout Ohio in Spring 1997 and 1998 in an effort to determine the frequency and distribution of petunia viruses present in the state. Direct antibody-sandwich and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were conducted with commercial antisera made against 13 viruses, a potyvirus kit capable of detecting 80 different potyviruses, and our antiserum raised against a tobamo-like virus inducing severe mosaic in double petunia. Viral-associated double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) analysis and light microscopy for detection of inclusion bodies were also carried out. ELISA, dsRNA analysis, and light microscopy revealed the presence of tobacco mosaic tobamovirus, an unknown tobamo-like petunia virus, tomato ringspot nepovirus, tobacco streak ilarvirus, and tobacco ringspot nepovirus. Tomato aspermy cucumovirus, tomato spotted wilt tospovirus, impatiens necrotic spot tospovirus, alfalfa mosaic virus, cucumber mosaic cucumovirus, potato virus X potexvirus, and chrysanthemum B carlavirus were not detected. No potyviruses were identified. A number of plants with virus-like symptoms tested negative for all viruses.
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Somowiyarjo, S., S. Hartono, S. Sulandari, and SU Putri. "Molecular Identification of Tobacco mosaic virus on Orchid Plants In Sleman, Yogyakarta." Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia 12, no. 2 (May 18, 2016): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.14692/jfi.12.2.69.

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Velásquez-Valle, Rodolfo, Luis Roberto Reveles-Torres, and Jaime Mena-Covarrubias. "Incidencia y sintomatología de cinco virus en parcelas comerciales de chile seco en Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosí y Zacatecas, México." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas 3, no. 2 (July 20, 2018): 381–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v3i2.1471.

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A nivel mundial el cultivo de chile es afectado por más de 60 enfermedades virales; sin embargo, poco se conoce acerca de ellas en el área productora de chile seco del norte centro de México por lo que el objetivo del presente trabajo consistió en detectar la presencia y sintomatología de cinco virus en parcelas comerciales de chile seco en los estados mencionados. Plantas de chile de los tipos mirasol y ancho fueron muestreadas y se anotó la presencia de síntomas como enanismo, clorosis, deformación de hojas, defoliación, necrosis vascular y ramas unidas. Las muestras fueron analizadas mediante la técnica DAS- ELISA empleando los antisueros para el virus del mosaico del tabaco (Tobacco mosaic virus: TMV), mosaico del pepino (Cucumber mosaic virus: CMV), Y de la papa (Potato virus Y: PVY), moteado del chile (Pepper mottle virus: PepMoV) y jaspeado del tabaco (Tobacco etch virus: TEV). Esos virus fueron identificados en plantas de chile colectadas en las parcelas comerciales de chile seco de los tres estados antes mencionados.
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GÜNEŞ, Nihan, Süleyman G. TÜRKSEVEN, Pınar ÖZSARI, Mustafa GÜMÜŞ, and Damla BAYSAL SİVRİTEPE. "Incidence and possible sources of Tomato spotted wilt virus in tobacco grown in Denizli Province, Turkey." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 50, no. 2 (May 23, 2022): 12529. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha50212529.

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Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is economically prominent disease for its impact on tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) production worldwide. An increase of the incidence of symptoms typical of TSWV has been observed in tobacco production areas in Denizli province of Turkey where tobacco is significantly grown. Surveys were conducted to determine the prevalence status of TSWV in tobacco cultivars and its possible sources of infections in four tobacco growing districts of Denizli province. A total of 501 plant samples from field-grown tobaccos, weeds, potential intermediate hosts, seedlings and seeds were collected during 2019 and tested by DAS-ELISA. Of these plants, 243 belong to 55 different weed species from 26 different families with intermediate host potential. Throughout the study, 40 crop plant samples which could be intermediate hosts and 39 tobacco seed samples were also taken for testing. Adult thrips specimens were picked up from the fields and brought to the laboratory for preparations. Four vector virus species were detected when adult thrips individuals were diagnosed: Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) and Thrips major Uzel (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Of the 179 tobaccos sampled, 31.2% was positive; besides, of 243 weeds tested 10 were found to be infected. Echinochloa crus-galli and Tordylium apulum were determined to be new host recordings for TSWV infection. Only one tomato plant from the crop plants as intermediate hosts was infected. Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) and Potato virus Y (PVY) was also confirmed in tobacco fields.
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Karbivskyy, V. L. "Preparation of nanowires based on the tobacco mosaic virus and gold nanoparticles." Functional materials 22, no. 2 (June 30, 2015): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fm22.02.258.

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Qin, Li-Jun, Dan Zhao, Yi Zhang, and De-Gang Zhao. "Selectable marker-free co-expression of Nicotiana rustica CN and Nicotiana tabacum HAK1 genes improves resistance to tobacco mosaic virus in tobacco." Functional Plant Biology 42, no. 8 (2015): 802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp14356.

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The viral disease caused by tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is the most prevalent viral disease in many tobacco production areas. A breeding strategy based on resistance genes is an effective method for improving TMV resistance in tobacco. Also, the physiological status of plants is also critical to disease resistance improvement. Potassium ion is one of the most abundant inorganic nutrients in plant cells, and mediates plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. Improving K+ content in soil by fertilising can enhance diseases resistance of crops. However, the K+ absorption in plants depends mostly on K+ transporters located in cytoplasmic membrane. Therefore, the encoding genes for K+ transporters are putative candidates to target for improving tobacco mosaic virus resistance. In this work, the synergistic effect of a N-like resistance gene CN and a tobacco putative potassium transporter gene HAK1 was studied. The results showed that TMV-resistance in CN-HAK1-containing tobaccos was significantly enhanced though a of strengthening leaf thickness and reduction in the size of necrotic spots compared with only CN-containing plants, indicating the improvement of potassium nutrition in plant cells could increase the tobacco resistance to TMV by reducing the spread of the virus. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT–PCR) analysis for TMV-CP expression in the inoculated leaf of the transgenic and wild-type plants also supported the conclusion. Further, the results of defence-related determination including antioxidative enzymes (AOEs) activity, salicylic acid (SA) content and the expression of resistance-related genes demonstrated CN with HAK1 synergistically enhanced TMV-resistance in transgenic tobaccos. Additionally, the HAK1- overexpression significantly improved the photosynthesis and K+-enriching ability in trans-CN-HAK1 tobaccos, compared with other counterparts. Finally, this work provides a method for screening new varieties of marker-free and safe transgenic antiviral tobacco.
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Hirai, Katsuyuki, Kenji Kubota, Tomofumi Mochizuki, Shinya Tsuda, and Tetsuo Meshi. "Antiviral RNA Silencing Is Restricted to the Marginal Region of the Dark Green Tissue in the Mosaic Leaves of Tomato Mosaic Virus-Infected Tobacco Plants." Journal of Virology 82, no. 7 (January 23, 2008): 3250–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02139-07.

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ABSTRACT Mosaic is a common disease symptom caused by virus infection in plants. Mosaic leaves of Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV)-infected tobacco plants consist of yellow-green and dark green tissues that contain large and small numbers of virions, respectively. Although the involvement of RNA silencing in mosaic development has been suggested, its role in the process that results in an uneven distribution of the virus is unknown. Here, we investigated whether and where ToMV-directed RNA silencing was established in tobacco mosaic leaves. When transgenic tobaccos defective in RNA silencing were infected with ToMV, little or no dark green tissue appeared, implying the involvement of RNA silencing in mosaic development. ToMV-related small interfering RNAs were rarely detected in the dark green areas of the first mosaic leaves, and their interior portions were susceptible to infection. Thus, ToMV-directed RNA silencing was not effective there. By visualizing the cells where ToMV-directed RNA silencing was active, it was found that the effective silencing occurs only in the marginal regions of the dark green tissue (∼0.5 mm in width) and along the major veins. Further, the cells in the margins were resistant against recombinant potato virus X carrying a ToMV-derived sequence. These findings demonstrate that RNA silencing against ToMV is established in the cells located at the margins of the dark green areas, restricting the expansion of yellow-green areas, and consequently defines the mosaic pattern. The mechanism of mosaic symptom development is discussed in relation to the systemic spread of the virus and RNA silencing.
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Hunt, David, Robert Foottit, Dana Gagnier, and Tracey Baute. "First Canadian records of Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae)." Canadian Entomologist 135, no. 6 (December 2003): 879–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n03-027.

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The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsamura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a pest of soybeans in the People's Republic of China, Korea, Thailand, Japan, North Borneo, Malaya, and the Philippines (Blackman and Eastop 2000). It was first identified in North America in 2000 from soybean fields in 10 states in the north-central United States of America, although the route of entry and time of introduction are not known (North Central Regional Pest Alert 2001). Dai and Fan (1991) reported that yield losses caused by soybean aphids on soybeans in the People's Republic of China were greater when the crop was infested soon after planting, and the presence of large populations of the aphid throughout the growing season resulted in 20%–30% yield losses. The soybean aphid can also transmit several viruses that infect soybeans in North America, including alfalfa mosaic, soybean mosaic, bean yellow mosaic, peanut mottle, peanut stunt, and peanut stripe (Hartman et al. 2001). In North America, the soybean aphid is known to transmit soybean mosaic virus and alfalfa mosiac virus (Hill et al. 2001). A survey of Ontario soybean fields revealed the presence of tobacco ring spot virus, soybean mosiac virus, and bean pod mottle virus (Michelutti et al. 2001); all of which could potentially be spread by this newly introduced aphid.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tobacco Mosaic Viru"

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Bagley, Christopher A. "Controlling Tobacco Mosaic Virus in Tobacco through Resistance." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30911.

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Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infects all classes of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) and causes losses worldwide. The N gene is the most effective means of controlling TMV; however, this gene is associated with reduced yield and quality in flue-cured tobacco. The mode of inheritance of TMV resistance was determined in two tobacco introductions (TI) from N. tabacum germplasm, both of which produced a hypersensitive response when inoculated with TMV. Inheritance studies with TI 1504 and TI 1473 indicate that a single dominant gene controls resistance. The gene governing resistance in TI 1504 is allelic to the N gene in NC 567. The gene providing resistance in TI 1473 is not allelic to the N gene, providing a potentially new source of resistance. Currently, plant breeders must rely on the N gene. The N gene is used in the heterozygous state to help overcome poor agronomic effects associated with homozygous resistance; however, systemic movement of TMV is occasionally seen in resistant plants. A TMV susceptible inbred (K 326), a resistant inbred (NC 567), and three resistant hybrids (NC 297, RGH4, and Speight H2O) were inoculated with TMV at transplanting, layby, and topping using different inoculation methods. Plant parts were tested for viral presence and biological activity. Viral movement into all plant parts was observed in K 326. No systemic movement was evident in the plant parts of NC 567, while virus did move into the corollas, pistils, late season sucker growth, and roots of the resistant hybrids showing systemic necrosis.
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Beekwilder, Kristen M. "The Inheritance of Resistance to Tobacco Mosaic Virus in Tobacco Introductions." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31726.

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Thirty-one tobacco introductions that were reported to display either a local lesion or a symptomless reaction to infection with tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) were screened for reaction to the virus (Chaplin and Gooding, 1969). Ten tobacco introductions (TI), TI 203, TI 407, TI 438, TI 450, TI 692, TI 1203, TI 1459, TI 1462, TI 1467, and TI 1500 were randomly chosen for further study to characterize their resistance to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Each TI line was crossed with susceptible cultivar K 326 to determine the mode of inheritance of resistance to TMV. The F2 progeny of TIs 1459, 1462, and 1500 segregated in a 3 local lesion:1 mosaic ratio, indicating that the gene governing resistance in these three TI lines was a single, dominant trait. The F2 progeny of TIs 203, 407, 438, 450, 692, 1203, and 1467 failed to segregate, only mosaic plants were observed. This would indicate that the gene(s) controlling resistance to TMV in these lines would not provide resistance for plant breeders to incorporate into a breeding program. Each TI line was also crossed with local lesion cultivar NC 567, which contains the N gene, in order to determine if the gene(s) governing resistance in the TI lines was allelic to the N gene in NC 567. The F2 progeny of TIs 1459 and 1462 did not segregate. All progeny displayed the local lesion reaction to TMV indicating that the gene governing resistance in these two lines is allelic to the N gene. The F2 progeny of the cross between TI 1500 and NC 567 segregated in a 15 local lesion: 1 mosaic ratio, which indicates that the gene controlling resistance in TI 1500 is not allelic to the N gene. When crossed with NC 567, the F2 progeny of TIs 407, 438 and 1467, segregated in a 3 local lesion: 1 mosaic ratio. No symptomless plants were observed. There was also segregation in the F2 progeny of the crosses between NC 567 and TIs 203, 450, 692, and 1203. However, the segregation was in no discernible ratio. Once again the F2 progeny of the crosses either displayed a local lesion or mosaic reaction and no symptomless progeny were observed. This would again indicate that the symptomless TI lines do no provide heritable resistance to TMV and therefore are not acceptable as an alternative source of resistance to TMV for the plant breeder. Tobacco introduction 1500 should be investigated further because a single, dominant trait that is not allelic to the N gene governs resistance to TMV in this line.
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Turner, David Richard. "Protein-RNA interactions in tobacco mosaic virus assembly." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328799.

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Tah, Tapashree Schoelz James E. "Chloroplast GFP expression in tobacco plants agroinfiltrated with tobacco mosaic virus based vectors." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6604.

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Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on Feb 19, 2010). The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Thesis advisor: Dr. James E. Schoelz. Includes bibliographical references.
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Gorzny, Marcin Lukasz. "Tobacco Mosaic Virus as a Template for Nanowires Synthesis." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.515335.

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Gerasopoulos, Konstantinos Dimitriou. "Nanostructured nickel-zinc microbatteries using the tobacco mosaic virus." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8591.

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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.
Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering . Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Haley, Ann. "Characterisation of the movement proteins of two plant viruses." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308317.

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Taylor, Danielle Nicola. "Yeast two-hybrid studies with tobacco mosaic virus replicase proteins." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624336.

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Ellis, Madeleine D. "Quantitative analysis of individual flue-cured tobacco seed tissues reveals Tobacco mosaic virus infection in embryos." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101554.

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Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is an extensively studied RNA virus that reduces quality and yield in commercially grown tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). The virus is transmitted mechanically, although infections have been associated with contaminated seeds with the seed coat being the source of virus. Thus, TMV transmission is said to be seedborne (as opposed to true seed transmission where the embryo is infected). The objective of this study was to identify TMV concentrations in the three components of an individual tobacco seed: seed coat (SC), endosperm (ED), and embryo (EM). Six hundred seed from TMV infected K 326 flue-cured cultivar tobacco plants were carefully dissected into the three components. Total RNA was extracted from each sample and synthesized into cDNA for analysis. A quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) assay was developed to quantify viral titers in each component, while endpoint PCR confirmed RT- qPCR results and established a threshold viral cycle (Ct) value. Endpoint PCR results revealed viral accumulation in all three components of a tobacco seed. The highest concentration of TMV was in the SC, followed by ED and EM. A similar viral concentration gradient was observed in each individual tobacco seed from all three experimental plants. This is the first detection of TMV in tobacco embryos and suggests the virus can be seed transmitted.
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Atkins, David G. "Studies on the cell-to-cell movement of tobacco mosaic virus." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.276159.

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Books on the topic "Tobacco Mosaic Viru"

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Tabako mozaiku uirusu kenkyū no 100-nen. Tōkyō: Tōkyō Daigaku Shuppankai, 2004.

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The life of a virus: Tobacco mosaic virus as an experimental model, 1930-1965. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2002.

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Atkins, David G. Studies on the cell-to-cell movement of tobacco mosaic virus. Norwich: University of East Anglia, 1990.

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National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health., ed. Kentucky Cabinet for Human Resources, Frankfort, Kentucky. [Atlanta, Ga.?]: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1993.

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Ramsay, James R. Transformation of Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi nc and Samsun NN with Agrobacterium tumefaciens binary vectors containing a chimeric tobacco mosaic virus coat protein gene. 1986.

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Bullock, Jeff M. Production of monoclonal antibodies against tobacco ringspot virus. 1994.

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G, Scholthof Karen-Beth, Shaw John G, and Zaitlin Milton, eds. Tobacco mosaic virus: One hundred years of contributions to virology. St. Paul, Minn: APS Press, 1999.

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(Editor), Karen-Beth Scholthof, John G. Shaw (Editor), and Milton Zaitlin (Editor), eds. Tobacco Mosaic Virus: One Hundred Years of Contributions to Virology. American Phytopathological Society, 1999.

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Miller, James Wager. Vortex inoculation of plant suspension cells with tobacco ringspot virus. 1994.

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Carlton, Gary Warren. Development of isolation and assay procedures for the tobacco ringspot virus replicase. 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tobacco Mosaic Viru"

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Dodds, J. A. "Satellite Tobacco Mosaic Virus." In Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, 145–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09796-0_8.

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Holmes, K. C. "Flexibility in Tobacco Mosaic Virus." In Ciba Foundation Symposium 93 - Mobility and Function in Proteins and Nucleic Acids, 116–38. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470720752.ch7.

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Wetter, Carl. "Tobacco Mild Green Mosaic Virus." In The Plant Viruses, 205–19. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7026-0_10.

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Van Regenmortel, M. H. V. "Tobacco Mosaic Virus Antigenic Structure." In The Plant Viruses, 79–104. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7026-0_4.

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Edwardson, J. R., and R. G. Christie. "Tobacco Mosaic Virus Cytopathological Effects." In The Plant Viruses, 153–66. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7026-0_7.

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Sarkar, Satyabrata. "Tobacco Mosaic Virus Mutants and Strains." In The Plant Viruses, 59–77. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7026-0_3.

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Palukaitis, Peter, and Milton Zaitlin. "Tobacco Mosaic Virus Infectivity and Replication." In The Plant Viruses, 105–31. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7026-0_5.

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Gooding, G. V. "Tobacco Mosaic Virus Epidemiology and Control." In The Plant Viruses, 133–52. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7026-0_6.

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Fraenkel-Conrat, H. "Tobacco Mosaic Virus The History of Tobacco Mosaic Virus and the Evolution of Molecular Biology." In The Plant Viruses, 5–17. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7026-0_1.

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Sano, Yoh, Kayoko Suzuki, Takahiko Hiyosi, Xin Qi Liu, Hiroyuki Tagawa, Yuzuru Hiragi, and Yoshio Muruga. "Functional Structure of Tobacco Mosaic Virus RNA." In Spectroscopy of Biological Molecules: Modern Trends, 257–58. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5622-6_115.

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Conference papers on the topic "Tobacco Mosaic Viru"

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Ben-Yoav, H., A. D. Brown, E. Pomerantseva, D. L. Kelly, J. N. Culver, and R. Ghodssi. "TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS BIOTEMPLATED ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSOR." In 2012 Solid-State, Actuators, and Microsystems Workshop. San Diego: Transducer Research Foundation, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31438/trf.hh2012.51.

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Gerasopoulos, K., M. McCarthy, E. Royston, J. N. Culver, and R. Ghodssi. "Microbatteries with tobacco mosaic virus templated electrodes." In 2008 IEEE 21st International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memsys.2008.4443817.

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Mărîi, Liliana, Larisa Andronic, Svetlana Smerea, and Irina Erhan. "Dinamica răspunsului antioxidativ la tomatele cu diferit tip de interacțiune cu agentul viral." In International Scientific Symposium "Plant Protection – Achievements and Prospects". Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/9789975347204.70.

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The defensive response of 4 tomato genotypes to Tobacco Mosaic Virus or Tomato Aspermy Virus was evaluated according to 3 indices - peroxidase and catalase activities and hydrogen peroxide content. The response was differentiated according to the applied viral infection, the genotype and dynamics of the infection process. Particularities have been attested in the reaction of the antioxidative response at different stages of the pathogenesis - increasing or decreasing of the evaluated indices compared to the healthy control.
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King, S. M., Md M. Rahman, A. K. Krick, L. D. Branco, E. Olceroglu, and M. McCarthy. "Biotemplated Nanostructured Surfaces for Enhanced Phase Change Heat Transfer." In ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2012 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2012 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2012-73190.

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The fabrication and characterization of biotemplated nanostructured coatings based on the Tobacco mosaic virus for enhanced phase-change heat transfer is reported. A simple room temperature nanofabrication process, using the self-assembly and mineralization of the Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), has been implemented to create superhydrophilic surfaces. Using this technique, a variety of structured surfaces have been fabricated and characterized showing enhanced surface wettability and heat transfer characteristics. High-speed images of droplet impact evaporation on flat and hierarchical samples have been recorded, showing increased wetting and evaporation for the nanostructured surfaces. The addition of nanostructures increases the heat transfer rate by more than a factor of three as compared to the flat surfaces, and hierarchical surfaces exhibit heat transfer rates more than an order of magnitude larger than flat non-structured surfaces. Additionally, an increase in Leidenfrost temperature of 100°C as compared to flat samples has been recorded. TMV nanostructures were also assembled onto the walls of heated minichannels, promoting continuous bubble detachment as well as reduced slug formation and instabilities during flow boiling. While bare minichannel exhibits nearly complete dry-out, the nanostructured channels maintain annular flow at similar loadings. This work demonstrates the feasibility of enhancing phase-change heat transfer using TMV structured coatings.
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LUKASHINA, E. V., G. A. BADUN, V. M. FEDOSEEV, E. N. DOBROV, and L. A. BARATOVA. "TRITIUM LABELING FOR INVESTIGATION OF STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIP IN TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS." In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Isotopes. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812793867_0108.

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"Early Detection and Classification of Tobacco Leaves Inoculated with Tobacco Mosaic Virus Based on Hyperspectral Imaging Technique." In 2016 ASABE International Meeting. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.20162460422.

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Jablonski, M., A. Poghossian, D. Molinnus, M. J. Schöning, C. Koch, and C. Wege. "P1BS.8 - Enzyme Biosensor Based on Tobacco Mosaic Virus-Modified Field-Effect Structures." In 17th International Meeting on Chemical Sensors - IMCS 2018. AMA Service GmbH, Von-Münchhausen-Str. 49, 31515 Wunstorf, Germany, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5162/imcs2018/p1bs.8.

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Rodionov, Nikolay I., and Shalabh C. Maroo. "Charge Distribution and Surface Properties of the Tobacco Mosaic Virus 4-nm Central-Pore." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-87098.

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The uniform distribution of charged amino acids along the exterior surface of the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) along with its unusual structural stability over a large pH and temperature range has made it a model organism for inorganic deposition and nanostructure fabrication studies on biomolecules. However, the potential engineering applications of the virus’s central pore, which is about 300 nm long and 4 nm in diameter, has been overlooked. We aim to expand TMV applications by understanding the surface characteristics of its central pore. We have identified the set of amino acids and atoms that create the surface of the pore, mapped the partial charge distribution of the pore using AMBER9 force fields, and determined the electrostatic potential of the pore surface through Coulomb’s law and Poisson-Boltzmann Equation (PBE). Our analysis has revealed that the pore contains a dense helical distribution of negatively charged glutamic amino acid residues, which results in a strong negative electrostatic potential across the pore. This can potentially be used for water filtration by creating overlapping electric double layer within the central pore.
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Olceroglu, Emre, Stephen M. King, Md Mahamudur Rahman, and Matthew McCarthy. "Biotemplated Superhydrophobic Surfaces for Enhanced Dropwise Condensation." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-88158.

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The increased heat transfer achieved through dropwise condensation, as compared to filmwise condensation, has the potential to substantially impact a variety of applications including high-heat flux thermal management systems, integrated electronics cooling, and various industrial and chemical processes. Here, we report stable dropwise condensation onto biotemplated nanostructured super-hydrophobic surfaces. We have demonstrated continuous droplet coalescence and ejection at diameters of less than 20 μm and compared directly with flat hydrophobic surfaces. The self-ejection mechanism characteristic of dropwise condensation has been shown using a simple bio-nano-fabrication technique based on the self-assembly and mineralization of the Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). This process is extendable to commercially relevant nanomanufacturing of both microscale electronics devices as well as large-scale large-area industrial equipment. This manufacturing flexibility is unique as compared to many other micro/nano-structured surfaces fabricated to demonstrate similar increases in condensation heat transfer.
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Rahman, Md Mahamudur, Stephen M. King, Emre Olceroglu, and Matthew McCarthy. "Nucleate Boiling on Biotemplated Nanostructured Surfaces." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-88014.

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The fabrication and characterization of biotemplated nanostructured surfaces for enhanced pool boiling heat transfer is reported. By introducing micro/nano-porosity and surface roughness at the liquid-vapor interface, significant enhancement in surface heat transfer capability can be achieved during nucleate boiling. This work uses the self-assembly and mineralization of the Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) to create superhydrophilic (∼9°), superhydrophobic (∼163°), and mixed hydrophilic-hydrophobic (∼70°) surfaces to investigate the effects of surface wettability and heterogeneity on boiling heat transfer performance. Pool boiling results showing CHF and HTC values for nickel-coated TMV, Teflon-coated TMV, mixed nickel + Teflon coated TMV, flat silicon, and flat Teflon are reported. The mixed surfaces demonstrate a CHF enhancement of ∼ 70% compared to flat silicon and ∼140% compared to flat Teflon. The results are in good agreement with the literature and will guide the design of optimized surfaces for further enhancement. This work demonstrates the feasibility of enhancing pool boiling heat transfer using TMV based nanostructured coatings.
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Reports on the topic "Tobacco Mosaic Viru"

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Epel, Bernard, and Roger Beachy. Mechanisms of intra- and intercellular targeting and movement of tobacco mosaic virus. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7695874.bard.

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To cause disease, plant viruses must replicate and spread locally and systemically within the host. Cell-to-cell virus spread is mediated by virus-encoded movement proteins (MPs), which modify the structure and function of plasmodesmata (Pd), trans-wall co-axial membranous tunnels that interconnect the cytoplasm of neighboring cells. Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) employ a single MP for cell- cell spread and for which CP is not required. The PIs, Beachy (USA) and Epel (Israel) and co-workers, developed new tools and approaches for study of the mechanism of spread of TMV that lead to a partial identification and molecular characterization of the cellular machinery involved in the trafficking process. Original research objectives: Based on our data and those of others, we proposed a working model of plant viral spread. Our model stated that MPᵀᴹⱽ, an integral ER membrane protein with its C-terminus exposed to the cytoplasm (Reichel and Beachy, 1998), alters the Pd SEL, causes the Pd cytoplasmic annulus to dilate (Wolf et al., 1989), allowing ER to glide through Pd and that this gliding is cytoskeleton mediated. The model claimed that in absence of MP, the ER in Pd (the desmotubule) is stationary, i.e. does not move through the Pd. Based on this model we designed a series of experiments to test the following questions: -Does MP potentiate ER movement through the Pd? - In the presence of MP, is there communication between adjacent cells via ER lumen? -Does MP potentiate the movement of cytoskeletal elements cell to cell? -Is MP required for cell-to-cell movement of ER membranes between cells in sink tissue? -Is the binding in situ of MP to RNA specific to vRNA sequences or is it nonspecific as measured in vitro? And if specific: -What sequences of RNA are involved in binding to MP? And finally, what host proteins are associated with MP during intracellular targeting to various subcellular targets and what if any post-translational modifications occur to MP, other than phosphorylation (Kawakami et al., 1999)? Major conclusions, solutions and achievements. A new quantitative tool was developed to measure the "coefficient of conductivity" of Pd to cytoplasmic soluble proteins. Employing this tool, we measured changes in Pd conductivity in epidermal cells of sink and source leaves of wild-type and transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana (N. benthamiana) plants expressing MPᵀᴹⱽ incubated both in dark and light and at 16 and 25 ᵒC (Liarzi and Epel, 2005 (appendix 1). To test our model we measured the effect of the presence of MP on cell-to-cell spread of a cytoplasmic fluorescent probe, of two ER intrinsic membrane protein-probes and two ER lumen protein-probes fused to GFP. The effect of a mutant virus that is incapable of cell-to-cell spread on the spread of these probes was also determined. Our data shows that MP reduces SEL for cytoplasmic molecules, dilates the desmotubule allowing cell-cell diffusion of proteins via the desmotubule lumen and reduces the rate of spread of the ER membrane probes. Replicase was shown to enhance cell-cell spread. The data are not in support of the proposed model and have led us to propose a new model for virus cell-cell spread: this model proposes that MP, an integral ER membrane protein, forms a MP:vRNAER complex and that this ER-membrane complex diffuses in the lipid milieu of the ER into the desmotubule (the ER within the Pd), and spreads cell to cell by simple diffusion in the ER/desmotubule membrane; the driving force for spread is the chemical potential gradient between an infected cell and contingent non-infected neighbors. Our data also suggests that the virus replicase has a function in altering the Pd conductivity. Transgenic plant lines that express the MP gene of the Cg tobamovirus fused to YFP under the control the ecdysone receptor and methoxyfenocide ligand were generated by the Beachy group and the expression pattern and the timing and targeting patterns were determined. A vector expressing this MPs was also developed for use by the Epel lab . The transgenic lines are being used to identify and isolate host genes that are required for cell-to-cell movement of TMV/tobamoviruses. This line is now being grown and to be employed in proteomic studies which will commence November 2005. T-DNA insertion mutagenesis is being developed to identify and isolate host genes required for cell-to-cell movement of TMV.
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Epel, Bernard L., Roger N. Beachy, A. Katz, G. Kotlinzky, M. Erlanger, A. Yahalom, M. Erlanger, and J. Szecsi. Isolation and Characterization of Plasmodesmata Components by Association with Tobacco Mosaic Virus Movement Proteins Fused with the Green Fluorescent Protein from Aequorea victoria. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1999.7573996.bard.

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The coordination and regulation of growth and development in multicellular organisms is dependent, in part, on the controlled short and long-distance transport of signaling molecule: In plants, symplastic communication is provided by trans-wall co-axial membranous tunnels termed plasmodesmata (Pd). Plant viruses spread cell-to-cell by altering Pd. This movement scenario necessitates a targeting mechanism that delivers the virus to a Pd and a transport mechanism to move the virion or viral nucleic acid through the Pd channel. The identity of host proteins with which MP interacts, the mechanism of the targeting of the MP to the Pd and biochemical information on how Pd are alter are questions which have been dealt with during this BARD project. The research objectives of the two labs were to continue their biochemical, cellular and molecular studies of Pd composition and function by employing infectious modified clones of TMV in which MP is fused with GFP. We examined Pd composition, and studied the intra- and intercellular targeting mechanism of MP during the infection cycle. Most of the goals we set for ourselves were met. The Israeli PI and collaborators (Oparka et al., 1999) demonstrated that Pd permeability is under developmental control, that Pd in sink tissues indiscriminately traffic proteins of sizes of up to 50 kDa and that during the sink to source transition there is a substantial decrease in Pd permeability. It was shown that companion cells in source phloem tissue export proteins which traffic in phloem and which unload in sink tissue and move cell to cell. The TAU group employing MP:GFP as a fluorescence probe for optimized the procedure for Pd isolation. At least two proteins kinases found to be associated with Pd isolated from source leaves of N. benthamiana, one being a calcium dependent protein kinase. A number of proteins were microsequenced and identified. Polyclonal antibodies were generated against proteins in a purified Pd fraction. A T-7 phage display library was created and used to "biopan" for Pd genes using these antibodies. Selected isolates are being sequenced. The TAU group also examined whether the subcellular targeting of MP:GFP was dependent on processes that occurred only in the presence of the virus or whether targeting was a property indigenous to MP. Mutant non-functional movement proteins were also employed to study partial reactions. Subcellular targeting and movement were shown to be properties indigenous to MP and that these processes do not require other viral elements. The data also suggest post-translational modification of MP is required before the MP can move cell to cell. The USA group monitored the development of the infection and local movement of TMV in N. benthamiana, using viral constructs expressing GFP either fused to the MP of TMV or expressing GFP as a free protein. The fusion protein and/or the free GFP were expressed from either the movement protein subgenomic promoter or from the subgenomic promoter of the coat protein. Observations supported the hypothesis that expression from the cp sgp is regulated differently than expression from the mp sgp (Szecsi et al., 1999). Using immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy, it was determined that paired wall-appressed bodies behind the leading edge of the fluorescent ring induced by TMV-(mp)-MP:GFP contain MP:GFP and the viral replicase. These data suggest that viral spread may be a consequence of the replication process. Observation point out that expression of proteins from the mp sgp is temporary regulated, and degradation of the proteins occurs rapidly or more slowly, depending on protein stability. It is suggested that the MP contains an external degradation signal that contributes to rapid degradation of the protein even if expressed from the constitutive cp sgp. Experiments conducted to determine whether the degradation of GFP and MP:GFP was regulated at the protein or RNA level, indicated that regulation was at the protein level. RNA accumulation in infected protoplast was not always in correlation with protein accumulation, indicating that other mechanisms together with RNA production determine the final intensity and stability of the fluorescent proteins.
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Valverde, Rodrigo A., Aviv Dombrovsky, and Noa Sela. Interactions between Bell pepper endornavirus and acute viruses in bell pepper and effect to the host. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598166.bard.

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Based on the type of relationship with the host, plant viruses can be grouped as acute or persistent. Acute viruses are well studied and cause disease. In contrast, persistent viruses do not appear to affect the phenotype of the host. The genus Endornavirus contains persistent viruses that infect plants without causing visible symptoms. Infections by endornaviruses have been reported in many economically important crops, such as avocado, barley, common bean, melon, pepper, and rice. However, little is known about the effect they have on their plant hosts. The long term objective of the proposed project is to elucidate the nature of the symbiotic interaction between Bell pepper endornavirus (BPEV) and its host. The specific objectives include: a) to evaluate the phenotype and fruit yield of endornavirus-free and endornavirus-infected bell pepper near-isogenic lines under greenhouse conditions; b) to conduct gene expression studies using endornavirus-free and endornavirus-infected bell pepper near-isogenic lines; and c) to study the interactions between acute viruses, Cucumber mosaic virus Potato virus Y, Pepper yellow leaf curl virus, and Tobacco etch virus and Bell pepper endornavirus. It is likely that BPEV in bell pepper is in a mutualistic relationship with the plant and provide protection to unknown biotic or abiotic agents. Nevertheless, it is also possible that the endornavirus could interact synergistically with acute viruses and indirectly or directly cause harmful effects. In any case, the information that will be obtained with this investigation is relevant to BARD’s mission since it is related to the protection of plants against biotic stresses.
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Wolf, Shmuel, and William J. Lucas. Involvement of the TMV-MP in the Control of Carbon Metabolism and Partitioning in Transgenic Plants. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1999.7570560.bard.

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The function of the 30-kilodalton movement protein (MP) of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is to facilitate cell-to-cell movement of viral progeny in infected plants. Our earlier findings have indicated that this protein has a direct effect on plasmodesmal function. In addition, these studies demonstrated that constitutive expression of the TMV MP gene (under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter) in transgenic tobacco plants significantly affects carbon metabolism in source leaves and alters the biomass distribution between the various plant organs. The long-term goal of the proposed research was to better understand the factors controlling carbon translocation in plants. The specific objectives were: A) To introduce into tobacco and potato plants a virally-encoded (TMV-MP) gene that affects plasmodesmal functioning and photosynthate partitioning under tissue-specific promoters. B) To introduce into tobacco and potato plants the TMV-MP gene under the control of promoters which are tightly repressed by the Tn10-encoded Tet repressor, to enable the expression of the protein by external application of tetracycline. C) To explore the mechanism by which the TMV-MP interacts with the endogenous control o~ carbon allocation. Data obtained in our previous project together with the results of this current study established that the TMV-MP has pleiotropic effects when expressed in transgenic tobacco plants. In addition to its ability to increase the plasmodesmal size exclusion limit, it alters carbohydrate metabolism in source leaves and dry matter partitioning between the various plant organs, Expression of the TMV-MP in various tissues of transgenic potato plants indicated that sugars and starch levels in source leaves are reduced below those of control plants when the TMV-MP is expressed in green tissue only. However, when the TMV-MP was expressed predominantly in PP and CC, sugar and starch levels were raised above those of control plants. Perhaps the most significant result obtained from experiments performed on transgenic potato plants was the discovery that the influence of the TMV-MP on carbohydrate allocation within source leaves was under developmental control and was exerted only during tuber development. The complexity of the mode by which the TMV-MP exerts its effect on the process of carbohydrate allocation was further demonstrated when transgenic tobacco plants were subjected to environmental stresses such as drought stress and nutrients deficiencies, Collectively, these studies indicated that the influence of the TMV-MP on carbon allocation L the result of protein-protein interaction within the source tissue. Based on these results, together with the findings that plasmodesmata potentiate the cell-to-cell trafficking of viral and endogenous proteins and nucleoproteins complexes, we developed the theme that at the whole plant level, the phloem serves as an information superhighway. Such a long-distance communication system may utilize a new class of signaling molecules (proteins and/or RNA) to co-ordinate photosynthesis and carbon/nitrogen metabolism in source leaves with the complex growth requirements of the plant under the prevailing environmental conditions. The discovery that expression of viral MP in plants can induce precise changes in carbon metabolism and photoassimilate allocation, now provide a conceptual foundation for future studies aimed at elucidating the communication network responsible for integrating photosynthetic productivity with resource allocation at the whole-plant level. Such information will surely provide an understanding of how plants coordinate the essential physiological functions performed by distantly-separated organs. Identification of the proteins involved in mediating and controlling cell-to-cell transport, especially at the companion cell-sieve element boundary, will provide an important first step towards achieving this goal.
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Grumet, Rebecca, and Benjamin Raccah. Identification of Potyviral Domains Controlling Systemic Infection, Host Range and Aphid Transmission. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7695842.bard.

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Potyviruses form one of the largest and most economically important groups of plant viruses. Individual potyviruses and their isolates vary in symptom expression, host range, and ability to overcome host resistance genes. Understanding factors influencing these biological characteristics is of agricultural importance for epidemiology and deployment of resistance strategies. Cucurbit crops are subject to severe losses by several potyviruses including the highly aggressive and variable zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV). In this project we sought to investigate protein domains in ZYMV that influence systemic infection and host range. Particular emphasis was on coat protein (CP), because of known functions in both cell to cell and long distance movement, and helper component-protease (HC-Pro), which has been implicated to play a role in symptom development and long distance movement. These two genes are also essential for aphid mediated transmission, and domains that influence disease development may also influence transmissibility. The objectives of the approved BARD project were to test roles of specific domains in the CP and HC-Pro by making sequence alterations or switches between different isolates and viruses, and testing for infectivity, host range, and aphid transmissibility. These objectives were largely achieved as described below. Finally, we also initiated new research to identify host factors interacting with potyviral proteins and demonstrated interaction between the ZYMV RNA dependent RNA polymerase and host poly-(A)-binding protein (Wang et al., in press). The focus of the CP studies (MSU) was to investigate the role of the highly variable amino terminus (NT) in host range determination and systemic infection. Hybrid ZYMV infectious clones were produced by substituting the CP-NT of ZYMV with either the CP-NT from watermelon mosaic virus (overlapping, but broader host range) or tobacco etch virus (TEV) (non- overlapping host range) (Grumet et al., 2000; Ullah ct al., in prep). Although both hybrid viruses initially established systemic infection, indicating that even the non-cucurbit adapted TEV CP-NT could facilitate long distance transport in cucurbits, after approximately 4-6, the plants inoculated with the TEV-CPNT hybrid exhibited a distinct recovery of reduced symptoms, virus titer, and virus specific protection against secondary infection. These results suggest that the plant recognizes the presence of the TEV CP-NT, which has not been adapted to infection of cucurbits, and initiates defense responses. The CP-NT also appears to play a role in naturally occurring resistance conferred by the zym locus in the cucumber line 'Dina-1'. Patterns of virus accumulation indicated that expression of resistance is developmentally controlled and is due to a block in virus movement. Switches between the core and NT domains of ZYMV-NAA (does not cause veinal chlorosis on 'Dina-1'), and ZYMV-Ct (causes veinal chlorosis), indicated that the resistance response likely involves interaction with the CP-NT (Ullah and Grumet, submitted). At the Volcani Center the main thrust was to identify domains in the HC-Pro that affect symptom expression or aphid transmissibility. From the data reported in the first and second year report and in the attached publications (Peng et al. 1998; Kadouri et al. 1998; Raccah et al. 2000: it was shown that: 1. The mutation from PTK to PAK resulted in milder symptoms of the virus on squash, 2. Two mutations, PAK and ATK, resulted in total loss of helper activity, 3. It was established for the first time that the PTK domain is involved in binding of the HC-Pro to the potyvirus particle, and 4. Some of these experiments required greater amount of HC-Pro, therefore a simpler and more efficient purification method was developed based on Ni2+ resin.
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