Journal articles on the topic 'TNNs'
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Yang, Hwa-Young, Won-Yeop Rho, Seul Lee, Sang Kim, and Yoon-Bong Hahn. "TiO2 Nanoparticles/Nanotubes for Efficient Light Harvesting in Perovskite Solar Cells." Nanomaterials 9, no. 3 (March 1, 2019): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9030326.
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To enhance the light harvesting capability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), TiO2 nanoparticles/nanotubes (TNNs) were incorporated into the active layer of PSCs. The TNN-containing cells showed a substantial increase in photocurrent density (JSC), from 23.9 mA/cm2 without nanotubes to 25.5 mA/cm2, suggesting that the TiO2 nanotubes enhanced the charge conduction and harvested more sunlight, which was attributed to the Mie scattering effect. Compared to the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of TiO2 nanoparticles in the active layer (14.16%), the TNN-containing cells with optimal loading of 9 wt % TiO2 nanotubes showed a high PCE of 15.34%.
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Li, Yue, Wenrui Ding, Chunlei Liu, Baochang Zhang, and Guodong Guo. "TRQ: Ternary Neural Networks With Residual Quantization." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 8538–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i10.17036.
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Ternary neural networks (TNNs) are potential for network acceleration by reducing the full-precision weights in network to ternary ones, e.g., {-1,0,1}. However, existing TNNs are mostly calculated based on rule-of-thumb quantization methods by simply thresholding operations, which causes a significant accuracy loss. In this paper, we introduce a stem-residual framework which provides new insight into Ternary quantization, termed Residual Quantization (TRQ), to achieve more powerful TNNs. Rather than directly thresholding operations, TRQ recursively performs quantization on full-precision weights for a refined reconstruction by combining the binarized stem and residual parts. With such a unique quantization process, TRQ endows the quantizer with high flexibility and precision. Our TRQ is generic, which can be easily extended to multiple bits through recursively encoded residual for a better recognition accuracy. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method yields great recognition accuracy while being accelerated.
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Niu, Lin. "Identification of Damage in a Truss Bridge Using a Moving Instrumented Vehicle from Limited Measurements." Applied Mechanics and Materials 368-370 (August 2013): 1370–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.368-370.1370.
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In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of bridges which are being instrumented and monitored on an ongoing basis. This is in part due to the introduction of bridge management systems designed to provide a high level of protection to the public and early warning if the bridge becomes unsafe. This paper investigates a novel alternative; a low-cost method consisting of the use of a vehicle to monitor the dynamic behaviour of bridges. A truss vehicle-bridge model is used to test the effectiveness of the approach in identifying the damping ratio of the bridge with the time-delay neural networks (TNNs). A simulation study has been carried out for the incomplete measurement data. It has been observed that TNNs have performed better than traditional neural networks(NN) in this application and the arithmetic of the TNNs is simple.
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Do, Tho Chau Minh Vinh, Duy Quoc Nguyen, Kien Trung Nguyen, and Phuoc Huu Le. "TiO2 and Au-TiO2 Nanomaterials for Rapid Photocatalytic Degradation of Antibiotic Residues in Aquaculture Wastewater." Materials 12, no. 15 (July 31, 2019): 2434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12152434.
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Antibiotic residues in aquaculture wastewater are considered as an emerging environmental problem, as they are not efficiently removed in wastewater treatment plants. To address this issue, we fabricated TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs), TiO2 nanowires on nanotube arrays (TNWs/TNAs), Au nanoparticle (NP)-decorated-TNAs, and TNWs/TNAs, which were applied for assessing the photocatalytic degradation of eight antibiotics, simultaneously. The TNAs and TNWs/TNAs were synthesized by anodization using an aqueous NH4F/ethylene glycol solution. Au NPs were synthesized by chemical reduction method, and used to decorate on TNAs and TNWs/TNAs. All the TiO2 nanostructures exhibited anatase phase and well-defined morphology. The photocatalytic performance of TNAs, TNWs/TNAs, Au-TNAs and Au-TNWs/TNAs was studied by monitoring the degradation of amoxicillin, ampicillin, doxycycline, oxytetracycline, lincomycin, vancomycin, sulfamethazine, and sulfamethoxazole under ultraviolet (UV)-visible (VIS), or VIS illumination by LC-MS/MS method. All the four kinds of nanomaterials degraded the antibiotics effectively and rapidly, in which most antibiotics were removed completely after 20 min treatment. The Au-TNWs/TNAs exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity in degradation of the eight antibiotics. For example, reaction rate constants of Au-TNWs/TNAs for degradation of lincomycin reached 0.26 min−1 and 0.096 min−1 under UV-VIS and VIS irradiation, respectively; and they were even higher for the other antibiotics. The excellent photocatalytic activity of Au-TNWs/TNAs was attributed to the synergistic effects of: (1) The larger surface area of TNWs/TNAs as compared to TNAs, and (2) surface plasmonic effect in Au NPs to enhance the visible light harvesting.
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Do, Tho Chau Minh Vinh, Duy Quoc Nguyen, Tuan Duc Nguyen, and Phuoc Huu Le. "Development and Validation of a LC-MS/MS Method for Determination of Multi-Class Antibiotic Residues in Aquaculture and River Waters, and Photocatalytic Degradation of Antibiotics by TiO2 Nanomaterials." Catalysts 10, no. 3 (March 24, 2020): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10030356.
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This study presents a multi-residue method for simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of eight antibiotics from some common classes, including beta-lactam, tetracyclines, lincosamides, glycopeptides, and sulfonamides in 39 aquaculture and river water samples from the Mekong Delta (Vietnam) using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). As a result, doxycycline (DXC), oxytetracycline (OTC), lincomycin (LCM), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and sulfamethazine (SMZ) were detected with high frequency over 65% and an average concentration of 22.6–76.8 ng·mL−1. The result suggests that antibiotic residues in the aquaculture and river waters are considered as an emerging environmental problem of the region. To address this issue, we fabricated the well-defined TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs) and nanowires on nanotube arrays (TNWs/TNAs) using the anodization method. The TNAs had an inner tube diameter of ~95 nm and a wall thickness of ~25 nm. Meanwhile, the TNWs/TNAs had a layer of TiO2 nanowires with a length of ~6 µm partially covering the TNAs. In addition, both TNAs and TNWs/TNAs had pure anatase phase TiO2 with (101) and (112) dominant preferred orientations. Moreover, the TNAs and TNWs/TNAs effectively and rapidly degraded the antibiotic residues under UV-VIS irradiation at 120 mW/cm2 and obtained over 95% removal at 20 min. Indeed, the photocatalytic reaction rate constants (k) were in the range of 0.14–0.36 min−1 for TNAs, and 0.15–0.38 min−1 for TNWs/TNAs. Noticeably, the k values of TNWs/TNAs were slightly higher than those of TNAs for LCM, DXC, OTC, SMZ, and SMX that could be attributed to the larger surface area of TNWs/TNAs than TNAs when TNWs/TNAs had an additional ~6μm TNWs top layer.
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Uyen, Ngo Ngoc, Le Thi Cam Tuyen, Le Trung Hieu, Thi Thu Tram Nguyen, Huynh Phuong Thao, Tho Chau Minh Vinh Do, Kien Trung Nguyen, et al. "TiO2 Nanowires on TiO2 Nanotubes Arrays (TNWs/TNAs) Decorated with Au Nanoparticles and Au Nanorods for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting and Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue." Coatings 12, no. 12 (December 13, 2022): 1957. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12121957.
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In this study, TiO2 nanowires on TiO2 nanotubes arrays (TNWs/TNAs) and Au-decorated TNWs/TNAs nanostructures are designed and fabricated as a new type of photoanode for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. The TNWs/TNAs were fabricated on Ti folds by anodization using an aqueous NH4F/ethylene glycol solution, while Au nanoparticles (NPs) and Au nanorods (NRs) were synthesized by Turkevich methods. We studied the crystal structure, morphology, and PEC activity of four types of nanomaterial photoanodes, including TNWs/TNAs, Au NPs- TNWs/TNAs, Au NRs-TNWs/TNAs, and Au NPs-NRs-TNWs/TNAs. The TiO2 and Au-TiO2 samples exhibited pure anatase phase of TiO2 with (0 0 4), (1 0 1), and (1 0 5) preferred orientations, while Au-TiO2 presented a tiny XRD peak of Au (111) due to a small Au decorated content of 0.7 ± 0.2 at.%. In addition, the samples obtained a well-defined and uniformed structure of TNAs/TNWs; Au NPs (size of 19.0 ± 1.9 nm) and Au NRs (width of 14.8 ± 1.3 nm and length of 99.8 ± 15.1 nm) were primarily deposited on TNWs top layer; sharp Au/TiO2 interfaces were observed from HRTEM images. The photocurrent density (J) of the photoanode nanomaterials was in the range of 0.24–0.4 mA/cm2. Specifically, Au NPs-NRs- decorated TNWs/TNAs attained the highest J value of 0.4 mA/cm2 because the decoration of Au NPs and Au NRs mixture onto TNWs/TNAs improved the light harvesting capability and the light absorption in the visible-infrared region, enhanced photogenerated carriers’ density, and increased electrons’ injection efficiency via the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect occurring at the Au nanostructures. Furthermore, amongst the investigated nanophotocatalysts, the Au NPs-NRs TNWs/TNAs exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity in the degradation of methylene blue with a high reaction rate constant of 0.7 ± 0.07 h−1, which was 2.5 times higher than that of the pristine TNWs/TNAs.
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Yu, Jiangdong, Cheng Gong, Zhi Wu, Yongneng Wu, Wang Xiao, Yufeng Su, Lan Sun, and Changjian Lin. "Efficient visible light-induced photoelectrocatalytic hydrogen production using CdS sensitized TiO2 nanorods on TiO2 nanotube arrays." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, no. 44 (2015): 22218–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta04107d.
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CdS/TNRs/TNTs were synthesized by combining a hydrothermal method with a sequential-chemical bath deposition method and displayed enhanced visible light-induced photoelectrocatalytic hydrogen production activity compared with TNTs, TNRs/TNTs and CdS/TNTs.
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Liu, Yanbiao, Xiaojie Gan, Baoxue Zhou, Jinhua Li, Jialing Zhang, Yimin Chen, Jing Bai, Qing Zheng, Bingchuan Liu, and Weimin Cai. "Photoelectrochemical degradation of methyl orange by TiO2 nanopore arrays electrode and its comparison with TiO2 nanotube arrays electrode." Water Science and Technology 62, no. 12 (December 1, 2010): 2783–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.336.
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Highly ordered TiO2 nanopore arrays (TNPs) electrode was applied as an electrode material for photoelectrochemical (PEC) degradation of methylic orange (MO). As a comparison, the self-organized TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs) electrode about 500 nm in length was fabricated by Ti anodization in 0.5 wt% HF-H2O solution. The COD removal rate and color removal rate for PEC degradation of MO using the TNPs electrode was found to be 9 and 7%, respectively, as high as that obtained for TNAs electrode when biased at 0.5 V. The results indicate that the fast electron separation and transport properties of TNPs electrode makes it possesses enhanced PEC performance for the degradation of MO. In addition, the color removal rate of MO by TNPs PEC process increased with increasing bias potential and electrolyte concentration, but decreased with the increasing pH value and initial concentration of the reaction solution.
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bin Ahmad, Mohd Khairul, and Kenji Murakami. "Rutile-Phased TiO Nanorods/Nanoflowers Based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell." Applied Mechanics and Materials 773-774 (July 2015): 725–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.725.
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Aligned Rutile TiO2 nanorods (r-TNRs) and TiO2 nanoflowers (r-TNFs) were successfully prepared by hydrothermal method. Using hydrochloric acid (HCl) as chelating agent and titanium butoxide (TBOT) as precursor, aligned r-TNRs with r-TNFs were successfully growth onto fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) with different morphologies. The influences of surface morphologies to the rutile based Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) efficiency are discussed. The highest light-to-electric energy conversion efficiency, 1.80% is achieved using different concentration under simulated solar light illumination of 100 mWcm-2 (1.5 AM).
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Lee, Ki-Il, Jong-Yeup Kim, Sumin Son, Seung Ho Kim, Myeong Hee Kim, Eunwoo Nam, and Seung Min In. "A Novel Powered Nasal Irrigation After Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Preliminary Study." Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 65, no. 2 (February 21, 2022): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3342/kjorl-hns.2021.00346.
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Background and Objectives We aimed to compare the efficacy of a novel powered irrigation system with that of the manual bottle-squeeze method for postoperative healing after endoscopic sinonasal surgery (ESS).Subjects and Method In this prospective randomized clinical trial, 29 patients were enrolled for nasal irrigation (NI) with either NOSSHA® (Womens Care Co., Ltd.) powered irrigation system (NOSSHA® group, n=14) or manual irrigation (control group, n=15). Objective findings were evaluated using the modified Lund-Kennedy scores. Subjective outcomes were assessed using the total nasal endoscopic score (TNES), total nasal symptom score (TNSS), visual analog scale (VAS), and quality of life (QOL) questionnaires in each group at baseline, and 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after ESS. We compared the postoperative changes between both groups.Results The mean TNES of patients were significantly higher in the NOSSHA® group than in the control group (p=0.015); however, the improvement in TNES was achieved 2 weeks earlier in the NOSSHA® group. The improvement in TNES (p<0.001) and TNSS (p<0.001) was statistically significant in both groups. The improvement in QOL was statistically significant in the NOSSHA® (p<0.001) and control group (p=0.007). The improvement in the TNSS and QOL was earlier in the NOSSHA® group by 4 and 7 weeks, respectively; no early improvement occurred in the NOSSHA® group for the VAS score.Conclusion We validated the usefulness of postoperative NI using a powered device, which may be useful for patients who cannot tolerate manual NI.
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Campbell, Hunter M., Lukas R. Stone, and Nathan A. Kaib. "Close Trans-Neptunian Object Passages as a Driver of the Origin and Evolution of Ultrawide Kuiper Belt Binaries." Astronomical Journal 165, no. 1 (December 19, 2022): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aca08e.
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Abstract Within the dynamically cold low-inclination portion of the Classical Kuiper Belt, there exists a population of weakly bound binary systems with a number of unusual properties, most notable of which is their extremely wide orbital separations—beyond 7% of their Hill radii. The stability and evolution of these ultrawide Trans-Neptunian binaries (TNBs) have, in the past, been studied extensively under the assumption that the primary evolving mechanisms are interactions between the binary components and impacting Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs). Here, we instead study their evolution as driven by the gravitational perturbations of close passing but nonimpacting TNOs. By simulating these passages, we show that the aggregate effects of encounters over billions of years have a significant effect on Kuiper Belt binary evolution. Such processes can lead to tight binaries widening significantly over time, approaching and sometimes surpassing the separation of the widest known TNBs. We also find that the eccentricity and inclination distributions of observed ultrawide TNBs can be sampled from such widened binaries. While we are unable to produce enough wide binaries to explain their abundance, the orbital properties of ones we do produce are consistent with known wide binaries.
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Ma, Tenggang, Hongyu Zhang, and Renzhong Wang. "Effect of Medicine-Separated Moxibustion on Navel Combined with Mind-Regulating Acupuncture on Curative Effect and Quality of Life in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis." Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2022 (May 31, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4093891.
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Objective. To explore the effect of medicine-separated moxibustion combined with mind-regulating acupuncture on the efficacy and quality of life of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods. Sixty patients with AR cured from February 2019 to April 2021 were enrolled in our hospital. The patients were arbitrarily assigned into control and study groups. The former group was treated with herbal moxibustion on the navel, while the latter group was treated with herbal moxibustion on the navel combined with mind-regulating acupuncture. The curative effect, TNSS score, TNNSS score, RQLQ score, and the incidence of adverse events were compared. Results. Compared with the two groups, the study group was markedly effective in 24 cases, effective in 5 cases, and ineffective in 1 case, with an effective rate of 100.00%, while the control group was markedly effective in 13 cases, effective in 10 cases, and ineffective in 7 cases, with an effective rate of 100.00%. The curative effect of the study group was better compared to the control group (P < 0.05). There was no remarkable difference in TNSS score before treatment (P > 0.05). After treatment, the TNSS scores of patients decreased. Compared with the control group, the TNSS score of the study group was lower than that of the control group at 2 weeks, 4 weeks and during the follow-up. No remarkable difference appeared in the TNNSS score before treatment (P > 0.05). After treatment, the TNNSS scores of patients were decreased. Comparing the two groups, the TNNSS scores of the study group were lower compared to the control group after 2 weeks of treatment, 4 weeks of treatment and during the follow-up period (P < 0.05). There was no remarkable difference in the RQLQ score before treatment (P > 0.05). After treatment, the RQLQ scores of patients were decreased. Comparing the two groups, the RQLQ scores of the study group were lower compared to the control group at 2 weeks, 4 weeks after treatment and during the follow-up period (P < 0.05). In terms of the incidence of adverse events, the incidence of adverse events such as subcutaneous hematoma, bruising, and induration in the study group was lower compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Medicine-separated moxibustion was combined with mind-regulating acupuncture when treating AR. There were differences in clinical efficacy, single-symptom score, and TNSS, TNNSS, and RQLQ scores, which verified the clinical efficacy of medicine-separated moxibustion combined with mind-regulating acupuncture when treating AR, and expounded the mechanism of medicine-separated moxibustion combined with mind-regulating acupuncture when treating AR. In the meantime, it shows that the umbilical method of medicine-separated moxibustion combined with mind-regulating acupuncture when treating AR has the advantages of definite short-term effect, long-term effect, safe and simple operation, and no adverse reactions, which is worthy of clinical application.
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Wang, Qing, Yi Huang, Shiming Kong, Xinqiang Ma, Youyuan Liu, S. K. Das, and S. A. Edalatpanah. "A Novel Method for Solving Multiobjective Linear Programming Problems with Triangular Neutrosophic Numbers." Journal of Mathematics 2021 (September 23, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6631762.
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In the field of operation research, linear programming (LP) is the most utilized apparatus for genuine application in various scales. In our genuine circumstances, the manager/decision-makers (DM) face problems to get the optimal solutions and it even sometimes becomes impossible. To overcome these limitations, neutrosophic set theory is presented, which can handle all types of decision, that is, concur, not certain, and differ, which is common in real-world situations. By thinking about these conditions, in this work, we introduced a method for solving neutrosophic multiobjective LP (NMOLP) problems having triangular neutrosophic numbers. In the literature study, there is no method for solving NMOLP problem. Therefore, here we consider a NMOLP problem with mixed constraints, where the parameters are assumed to be triangular neutrosophic numbers (TNNs). So, we propose a method for solving NMOLP problem with the help of linear membership function. After utilizing membership function, the problem is converted into equivalent crisp LP (CrLP) problem and solved by any suitable method which is readily available. To demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method, we consider one classical MOLP problem and solve it. Finally, we conclude that the proposed approach also helps decision-makers to not only know and optimize the most likely situation but also realize the outcomes in the optimistic and pessimistic business situations, so that decision-makers can prepare and take necessary actions for future uncertainty.
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Tesha, Novatus, Malale Tungu, Alphoncina Kagaigai, Boniface Yohana, and Hevenlight A. Paulo. "The paradox of food production, consumption, poverty and malnutrition in Tanzania: an ecological study design." F1000Research 11 (January 12, 2022): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.74295.1.
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Background: There have been claims amongst nutrition stakeholders in Tanzania that the food basket regions, are the regions most affected by stunting among children. However, this study could not find evidence that combines food production and stunting levels, to substantiate this claim. Therefore, this study aims to compare data on stunting, food production and consumption within administrative regions of the Tanzania mainland. Methods: The study used an ecological study design to show the relationship between stunting, poverty, food production and consumption across administrative regions in Tanzania. The study used data from three national wide surveys: 2017/2018 Household Budget Survey (HBS), Tanzania National Nutrition Survey (TNNS) 2018 and Agriculture Statistics for Food Security report 2018/2019. Results: The study showed that there is a positive relationship between the prevalence of stunting and food production (r=0.43, p=0.03), while there is a negative relationship between stunting and the level of both the average monthly household consumption expenditure (r = -0.48, p = 0.01) and average monthly household food consumption expenditure (r = -0.509, p = 0.01). It was further found that some regions which have higher levels of stunting such as Njombe, have the lowest level of basic need poverty. Conclusion: The study found a positive relationship between food production and the prevalence of stunting using data across regions in mainland Tanzania. This is an indication that regional food security may not entail nutrition security, hence a call for more advocacy on nutrition-sensitive agriculture.
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Sankar, Ashwin, Minou Behboudi, Faraj W. Abdallah, Alan Macfarlane, and Richard Brull. "Transient Neurologic Symptoms following Spinal Anesthesia with Isobaric Mepivacaine: A Decade of Experience at Toronto Western Hospital." Anesthesiology Research and Practice 2018 (2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1901426.
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Background. Transient neurologic symptoms (TNSs) can be distressing for patients and providers following uneventful spinal anesthesia. Spinal mepivacaine may be less commonly associated with TNS than lidocaine; however, reported rates of TNS with intrathecal mepivacaine vary considerably. Materials and Methods. We conducted a retrospective cohort study reviewing the internal medical records of surgical patients who underwent mepivacaine spinal anesthesia at Toronto Western Hospital over the last decade to determine the rate of TNS. We defined TNS as new onset back pain that radiated to the buttocks or legs bilaterally. Results. We found one documented occurrence of TNS among a total of 679 mepivacaine spinal anesthetics (0.14%; CI: 0.02–1.04%) that were performed in 654 patients. Conclusion. Our retrospective data suggest that the rate of TNS associated with mepivacaine spinal anesthesia is lower than that previously reported in the literature.
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Hensel, Schröter, Schlicke, Schulz, Riekeberg, Trieu, Stierle, Noei, Weller, and Vossmeyer. "Elasticity of Cross-Linked Titania Nanocrystal Assemblies Probed by AFM-Bulge Tests." Nanomaterials 9, no. 9 (August 29, 2019): 1230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9091230.
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In order to enable advanced technological applications of nanocrystal composites, e.g., as functional coatings and layers in flexible optics and electronics, it is necessary to understand and control their mechanical properties. The objective of this study was to show how the elasticity of such composites depends on the nanocrystals’ dimensionality. To this end, thin films of titania nanodots (TNDs; diameter: ~3–7 nm), nanorods (TNRs; diameter: ~3.4 nm; length: ~29 nm), and nanoplates (TNPs; thickness: ~6 nm; edge length: ~34 nm) were assembled via layer-by-layer spin-coating. 1,12-dodecanedioic acid (12DAC) was added to cross-link the nanocrystals and to enable regular film deposition. The optical attenuation coefficients of the films were determined by ultraviolet/visible (UV/vis) absorbance measurements, revealing much lower values than those known for titania films prepared via chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed a homogeneous coverage of the substrates on the µm-scale but a highly disordered arrangement of nanocrystals on the nm-scale. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses confirmed the presence of the 12DAC cross-linker after film fabrication. After transferring the films onto silicon substrates featuring circular apertures (diameter: 32–111 µm), freestanding membranes (thickness: 20–42 nm) were obtained and subjected to atomic force microscopy bulge tests (AFM-bulge tests). These measurements revealed increasing elastic moduli with increasing dimensionality of the nanocrystals, i.e., 2.57 ± 0.18 GPa for the TND films, 5.22 ± 0.39 GPa for the TNR films, and 7.21 ± 1.04 GPa for the TNP films.
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Kirtsreesakul, V., K. Wongsritrang, and S. Ruttanaphol. "Clinical efficacy of a short course of systemic steroids in nasal polyposis." Rhinology journal 49, no. 5 (December 1, 2011): 525–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4193/rhino11.140.
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Background: Although oral steroids are widely used for the treatment of nasal polyposis, a subset of patients shows an unfavorable therapeutic outcome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a short course of oral prednisolone in nasal polyposis and to evaluate which, if any, clinical variables can predict treatment outcome in these patients. Methodology/principal: Using a 3:2 randomization ratio, 63 patients with nasal polyposis received 50 mg of prednisolone and 46 patients received placebo daily for 14 days. Clinical response was evaluated by total nasal symptoms score (TNSS), peak expiratory flow index (PEFI) and total nasal polyps score (TNPS). Potential predictor variables were assessed by clinical history, nasal endoscopy, allergy skin test and sinus radiography. Results: The prednisolone-treated group showed significantly greater improvements in all nasal symptoms, nasal flow and polyp size than the placebo-treated group (p < 0.001, all). In the prednisolone-treated group, patients with grade 3 polyps and positive nasal endoscopy showed significantly less improvement in TNSS, PEFI and TNPS than patients with grades 1-2 size and with negative nasal endoscopy. Conclusions: A short course of oral steroids showed good clinical efficacy in the treatment of nasal polyposis, however, polyps size grade 3 and/or positive nasal endoscopy predispose to a poorer treatment outcome.
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Kendrick, Aaron S., David L. Ciraulo, Theresa S. Radeker, Patricia L. Lewis, Charles M. Richart, Robert A. Maxwell, Donald E. Barker, and Philip W. Smith. "Trauma Nurse Specialists’ Performance of Advanced Skills Positively Impacts Surgical Residency Time Constraints." American Surgeon 72, no. 3 (March 2006): 224–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313480607200306.
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The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education imposed 80-hour work week constraints on residency programs in July 2003. Certain programs were granted an additional 10 per cent for specific educational purposes, bringing restrictions to 88 hours per week. The increased demand for residents to leave the hospital has placed teaching institutions in exhaustive situations to provide comprehensive patient care. In response to the work hour constraints among residents and emergency room staff, a unique group of registered nurses, trauma nurse specialists (TNSs), were credentialed with advanced practice skill sets. Governed by practice guidelines and overseen by a medical director, TNSs perform invasive procedures that are normally the responsibility of the surgical resident. The purpose of this study was to evaluate work hours saved for surgery residents using credentialed nurses (TNSs). Procedure logs were maintained by the TNSs over a 6-month period, and surgical house staff (postgraduate year 1–3) over a 4-month period. A total of 423 procedures were recorded, reflecting time taken for attempted/completed procedures and complications. Resident procedures numbered 98; TNS procedures numbered 325. TNSs spent an average of 42 hours per month (10.6 hours per week) completing advanced procedures with no statistical difference in time or complications compared with surgical residents. By using the TNSs, work hours for surgery residents were saved while maintaining a safe and reliable work atmosphere for patients.
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Mora, Andita Minda, Bambang Hero Saharjo, and Lilik Budi Prasetyo. "INTEGRATION OF GIS AND REMOTE SENSING FOR HOTSPOT DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS IN BERBAK SEMBILANG NATIONAL PARK." International Journal of Remote Sensing and Earth Sciences (IJReSES) 16, no. 1 (November 11, 2019): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30536/j.ijreses.2019.v16.a3194.
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Abstract. Remote sensing is composed of many interrelated processes to be able to consider physical objects such as buildings, land, and plants which are objects that can be discussed by applications discussed in various disciplines that discuss geology, forestry, soil science, and geography. The use of GIS and remote sensing for fire monitoring has been widely used. However, this study is the first study conducted in the TNBS area after the Berbak National Park (TNB) in Jambi to join the Sembilang National Park (TNS) in South Sumatra. Hotspot distribution in this study was obtained using Getis-Ord-Gi * statistics, hotspot data collected from 2000-2018 in the TNBS area. The results of the hotspot distribution during the 2000-2018 recorded by MODIS satellites with time acquisition and statistical analysis using Gi* show the results that the hotspots gathered (80% confidence level) outside the TNBS area, which is a mixed fields area. Further studies on causes of fire in terms of socio-economic and cultural needs to be done to get the right advice in reducing the risk of loss of forest cover and diversity in TNBS. Keywords: mitigation, hydrology, DAS
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Hu, Zhipeng, Maoyi Yang, Qiaobo Ye, Kaihua Qin, Mingquan Wu, Rui Gu, and Yingguang Zhou. "Tou Nong San Attenuates Inflammation in TNBS-IBD Model by Inhibiting NF-κB Signaling Pathway." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 (June 25, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6929307.
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The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which predominantly comprises Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, is increasing worldwide. However, the treatment of IBD still faces great challenges. The involved NF-κB is the main signaling pathway in human IBD and thus is a prime target. There is abundant evidence that Tou Nong San (TNS), which is a traditional Chinese medicinal decoction used for treating sores and carbuncles, has a positive effect on the inflammation. This study investigated the effects of oral administration of TNS on colitis induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) and the underlying mechanism(s). Quality control of the major compounds in TNS was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and six chemical constituents were identified in aqueous extracts. TNS led to improvements in weight loss and water and food intake in rats. The macroscopic and microscopic scores of rat tissues greatly decreased. Protein and mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-17 (IL-17), tumour necrosis factor-α, IL-1β, and IL6, involved in the NF-κB signaling pathway were greatly reduced. The results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effect of TNS is associated with the regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, which contributes to the network pharmacological effect of TNS on human IBD in clinical practice.
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Hsu, Ming-Yi, Hsin-Ling Hsu, and Jihperng Leu. "TiO2Nanowires on Anodic TiO2Nanotube Arrays (TNWs/TNAs): Formation Mechanism and Photocatalytic Performance." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 159, no. 8 (2012): H722—H727. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.063208jes.
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Nenasheva, N. M., N. I. Ilina, and T. G. Fedoskova. "The effectiveness of intranasal corticosteroids and antihistamines combination - mometasone furoate and azelastine hydrochloride nasal spray in adults with seasonal allergic rhinitis (The results of clinical trial)." Russian Journal of Allergy 13, no. 2 (December 15, 2016): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36691/rja403.
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Background. Intranasal corticosteroids and antihistamines are the basis of pharmacotherapy of allergic rhinitis (AR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of Momat Rhino Advance (fixed combination of azelastine hydrochloride 140 mcg + mometasone furoate 50 mcg) intranasal spray in seasonal rhinitis patients. Materials and methods. Momat Rhino Advance was administered within 14 days in adults with seasonal AR in comparison with the original azelastine hydrochloride and mometasone furoate, used in combination with each other from separate devices against nasal (TNSS) and non-nasal (TNNSS) rhinitis symptoms. In total, 220 patients 18-65 years old with moderate/severe seasonal AR, were randomized in an open, parallel-group, multicenter clinical trial conducted in 16 centers in the Russian Federation during the period from April to September 2014. Results and conclusion. As a result of the study a marked decreasing of nasal symptoms using scale TNSS (in 89,6% relatively to the initial visit, p
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Feng, Zhibiao, Lele Li, Qiannan Wang, Guangxin Wu, Chunhong Liu, Bin Jiang, and Jing Xu. "Effect of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Coating based on Whey Protein Nanofibrils with TiO2 Nanotubes on the Quality and Shelf Life of Chilled Meat." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 5 (March 8, 2019): 1184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051184.
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Whey protein nanofibrils (WPNFs) can be used in edible films and coatings (EFCs) because of its favorable functional properties, which rely on its well-ordered β-sheet structures, high hydrophobicity, homogeneous structure, and antioxidant activity. In the present study, WPNF-based edible coatings with glycerol (Gly) as plastic and titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs) as antimicrobial agents were studied. TNTs not only showed greater antibacterial activity than titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TNPs), but also increased interactions with WPNFs. The WPNF/TNT film had a smooth and continuous surface and was homogeneous with good mechanical properties. WPNF/TNT edible coatings (ECs) can help improve lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity, limit microbial growth, reduce weight loss, and extend the shelf life of chilled beef. Given that the WPNF/TNT film components are low cost and show high antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, these optimized films have potential applications for various food products, including raw and chilled meat.
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Bodnya, O. S., N. M. Nenasheva, G. V. Andrenova, D. O. Siniavkin, Y. V. Bodnya, and E. T. Kubanova. "Achievments of control of seasonal allergic rhinitis symptoms: the results of open, randomized comparative study of second generation antihistamines." Russian Journal of Allergy 14, no. 2 (December 15, 2017): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.36691/rja322.
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Seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) is one of the most common allergic diseases. The first choice for control of SAR symptoms is the second-generation antihistamines (AHP-II). The aim of this study was to evaluate the comparative efficacy of ebastine 20 mg/day, cetirizine 10 mg/day, and loratadine 10 mg/day in adult patients with mild symptoms of SAR due to pollen grass allergy. 30 patients aged 18 to 65 years who received treatment for 14 days took part in the study. The duration of the study for one patient varied from 25 to 28 days. As a result, the efficiency of all three AHP II in the control of mild symptoms of SAR was demonstrated. However, the analysis of the scales (TNSS and TNNSS) after the end of the 14-day treatment period revealed that compared to patients treated with loratadine and cetirizine (TNSS scale (p=0,0303), TNNSS (p=0,0091) the best results were observed in the group of patients taking ebastine. Moreover, patients who received the ebastine experienced a statistically insignificant but steady tendency to decrease the level of eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) in nasal flushing (-37,9% of the baseline values), in contrast to loratadine and cetirizine. All drugs showed a high safety profile. To conclude, the investigated AHPs -II are effective and safe in control of mild symptoms of SAR in adult patients, though the rate of onset of the effect and its level for nasal and non nasal symptoms was significantly higher in patients receiving ebastine 20 mg compared to cetirizine 10 mg and loratadine 10 mg.
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Komasa, Satoshi, Tetsuji Kusumoto, Yoichiro Taguchi, Hiroshi Nishizaki, Tohru Sekino, Makoto Umeda, Joji Okazaki, and Takayoshi Kawazoe. "Effect of Nanosheet Surface Structure of Titanium Alloys on Cell Differentiation." Journal of Nanomaterials 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/642527.
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Titanium alloys are the most frequently used dental implants partly because of the protective oxide coating that spontaneously forms on their surface. We fabricated titania nanosheet (TNS) structures on titanium surfaces by NaOH treatment to improve bone differentiation on titanium alloy implants. The cellular response to TNSs on Ti6Al4V alloy was investigated, and the ability of the modified surfaces to affect osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow cells and increase the success rate of titanium implants was evaluated. The nanoscale network structures formed by alkali etching markedly enhanced the functions of cell adhesion and osteogenesis-related gene expression of rat bone marrow cells. Other cell behaviors, such as proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin deposition, and mineralization, were also markedly increased in TNS-modified Ti6Al4V. Our results suggest that titanium implants modified with nanostructures promote osteogenic differentiation, which may improve the biointegration of these implants into the alveolar bone.
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Kang, HyungGyoo, Jon Nagy, Bryon Upton, and Timothy Triche. "Abstract 295: Superior efficacy of targeted nanoparticle therapy for brain tumors." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-295.
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Abstract Glioblastoma Multiforme is an incurable malignant brain tumor. Despite intensive efforts over many years, the prognosis is essentially unchanged. The primary reason is failure of otherwise effective therapy to reach the tumor, due to the blood brain barrier (BBB). To circumvent this functional barrier, we have developed CD99 and CD276 targeted irinotecan (Ir) containing liposomal nanoparticles (TNS: Targeted NanoSpheres) TNSs effectively penetrate the BBB and selectively bind to GBM cells while largely bypassing normal brain tissue. CD99 or CD276 targeted Ir-TNSs prolonged survival five-fold over free Ir treated animals in bi-weekly single dose level studies. Normal tissue levels were negligible, and no treatment-related toxicity was observed. QD dose intensification induced tumor regression in animals with progressive tumor. Anti-tumor effect was equivalent for either CD99 or CD276 Ir-TNSs. These results imply that intracranial therapy with otherwise effective drugs that do not pass the BBB is both feasible and shows superior efficacy over free drug therapy. Further, widespread expression of CD276 by many malignancies implies this therapy could be effective for metastatic brain tumors and extra-cranial malignancies as well. Citation Format: HyungGyoo Kang, Jon Nagy, Bryon Upton, Timothy Triche. Superior efficacy of targeted nanoparticle therapy for brain tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 295.
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Feo, Elena, Hannes Mareen, Sylvia Burssens, and Pieter Spanoghe. "The Relevance of Videos as a Practical Tool for Communication and Dissemination in Horizon2020 Thematic Networks." Sustainability 13, no. 23 (November 26, 2021): 13116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132313116.
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Thematic networks (TNs) are Horizon2020 projects promoted by the European Innovation Partnership Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability (EIP-AGRI) that collect existing knowledge and best practices on a given theme in agriculture and forestry. Their purpose is to make these available in easily understandable formats for users such as farmers/foresters and advisors. Videos are a powerful tool for communication and dissemination about project outcomes; thus, they are frequently used as part of project activities. Despite the large number of videos that have been produced by TNs, only a few have reached a high number of views. Hence, most have not reached a wide public, decreasing the impact of TNs’ outputs. This paper analyzes several characteristics of TN videos in order to suggest best practices. That is, we investigated whether each characteristic influences the number of views or average percentage watched. Using the analysis, we suggest several best practices. For example, future TNs should show practical content prioritizing farmers as a speaker and translate videos in more than one language. Better involvement of project partners increases the contact with farmers; thus, outcomes are more easily spread, and the chance of being applied increases. To increase the visibility of videos, a user-friendly digital knowledge platform linked to demonstration activities and peer-to-peer exchange will improve the sharing of knowledge. This will further enhance a TN’s impact and sustainability in agricultural and forestry innovation in the longer term.
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Liu, Derong, Charles Anderson, Ahmad Taher Azar, Giorgio Battistelli, Eduardo Bayro-Corrochano, Cristiano Cervellera, David Elizondo, et al. "Editorial A Successful Change From TNN to TNNLS and a Very Successful Year." IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems 24, no. 1 (January 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2012.2232773.
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Beltran, N. J., R. De Jesus, L. R. Alipio, E. Maynite, C. Clemente, Ñ. R. Gonzales, and N. J. Silagan. "The untapped impact: Struggles and subsequent condition of Metro Manila taxi industry amid operations of Transport Network Companies." MATEC Web of Conferences 272 (2019): 01033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927201033.
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In 2015, Transport Network Companies (TNC) such as Grab and Uber were introduced in the Philippines. With the worsening traffic management system in the country, TNC units use the power of an application to cater the commuting needs and demands of the Filipino commuting public following a car-sharing principle. Taking into account their startup success, the conventional taxi industry has been struggling. On this basis, this phenomenological study therefore involves an in-depth understanding of the struggles and subsequent condition of the taxi industry amid operations of TNCs. With the use of snowball and convenience sampling, the study involved semi-structured interviews with drivers of conventional taxi, commuters, and the Philippines' Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board (LTFRB) members to obtain perspectives from the regulating body. Employing Billups’(2016) qualitative data analysis method, six themes emerged including Effects of Transport Network Companies, Protests and Complaints of Taxi Drivers, Consequent Actions of Taxi Drivers due to Income Reduction, Motivations for Taxi Driving Business Continuity, Perceptions of Taxi Drivers on TNVS, and Commuter Perspective on both Transport Services. Based on the findings, it is concluded that since the TNCs introduction, the conventional taxi industry has been bombarded of varied issues relating to the quality of transport service they provide in terms of convenience, comfort and ease, affordability, and accessibility. These findings then translate to the need of a partial deregulation that involves amendments on some memorandum circulars, and the pioneered Code of Ethics for the entire Philippine Taxi Industry so as to sustain and correspondingly compete with TNCs in relation to the demands of the market.
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Rinaldo, Lorenzo, Neil S. Patel, Colin L. W. Driscoll, and Michael J. Link. "Anterior Petrosal Approach for Enlarging Previously Radiated Recurrent Trigeminal Schwannoma: 2-Dimensional Operative Video." Operative Neurosurgery 20, no. 5 (January 12, 2021): E353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ons/opaa418.
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Abstract Trigeminal nerve schwannomas (TNSs) are rare lesions that typically present with symptoms of trigeminal neuropathy or other cranial nerve palsies. These lesions classically have a dumbbell shape, with an anterior component within Meckel's cave and posterior component extending into the posterior fossa through the porus trigeminus. Surgical resection of TNSs can often be achieved via an extradural subtemporal approach to Meckel's cave without an anterior petrousectomy, even for tumors with a significant posterior fossa component, as the tumor often erodes a portion of the petrous apex.1 We present the case of a 53-yr-old female presenting to our institution with complete trigeminal neuropathy secondary to a right-sided, previously resected and radiated TNS. Serial imaging demonstrated an interval growth of significant residual tumor despite multiple adjuvant therapies, and, thus, the patient was recommended to undergo additional surgical resection. The lesion was approached through a right-sided subtemporal approach to Meckel's cave,2 with a plan to utilize an anterior petrousectomy only if difficulty resecting the posterior fossa component of the tumor was encountered. Intraoperatively, the posterior fossa component was found to be densely adherent to the adjacent brainstem, likely secondary to prior surgery and radiation therapy, and, thus, an anterior petrousectomy was performed. Postoperatively, the patient had stable trigeminal neuropathy without any new neurological deficits and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed a gross total resection. In the accompanying video, we hope to demonstrate the steps and nuances of both the subtemporal approach to accessing Meckel's cave and anterior petrousectomy when employed for the resection of TNSs. The patient in question provided formal consent for the making of this video.
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Ihor, CHUGUNOV, and KUCHER Halyna. "INTERNATIONAL FINANCE IN THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION." Foreign trade: economics, finance, law 113, no. 6 (December 8, 2020): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.31617/zt.knute.2020(113)05.
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Background. The international finance in the conditions of globalization is providing the strengthening for international cooperation and activity of supranational institutions, up growth volumes of foreign trade, and development of digital technology. It is important to identify the factors that influence and determine the development of international finance. The aim of the paper is to develop the theoretical and methodological approaches to defining the determinants of globalization's impact on the development of international finance. Materials and methods. It was used a system of scientific methods and approaches, which allowed to achieve the study goal, in particular: system method –for disclosing approaches to the evolution of international financial relations and substantiation of the determinants of their development; methods of scientific abstraction, structural, analysis and generalization are used for the study of the dynamics and features of the functioning of individual segments of international finance. Results. The development of international finance reflects the growth of financial potential countries and the global GDP. The new general principles in society development are forming in the condition of globalization. The international finance makes for “blurring the borders”, acceleration of calculations and the movement of capital. It has deepened the system of interrelations of the architectonics of international finance and it is forming a new matrix of their relations. The financial and banking technologies of settlements play an important role in the conditions of globalization. The emergence and functioning of global financial centers accelerated the movement of international financial flows. There is an accumulation of significant financial resources at the disposal of TNCs, TNPs, TNBs in the world. The dollarization of the nation's economy and rapid development of Internet digital technologies affect the volumes of foreign economic activity, and individual sovereign and global risks. International financial institutions play an important role in stabilizing global development, financing the strategic goals of the world community, counteracting and overcoming financial-banking crises, etc. Conclusion. The deepening of integration processes in international finance strengthens the influence of general and specific factors. The adaptability of the international finance system provides a new global matrix of financial relations and its institutional architecture. Transparency, stability, and development of national financing and banking systems and international financial-credit institutions play a significant role in ensuring sustainable development in the world. The development of the institutional environment should ensure the effectiveness of international cooperation and the use of financial resources, the protection of national sovereignty, and national security.
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Chen, Hongju, Jianping Yang, Yongjian Ding, Chunping Tan, Qingshan He, Yanxia Wang, Ji Qin, Fan Tang, and Qiuling Ge. "Variation in Extreme Temperature and Its Instability in China." Atmosphere 13, no. 1 (December 23, 2021): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13010019.
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In this study, the instability of extreme temperatures is defined as the degree of perturbation of the spatial and temporal distribution of extreme temperatures, which is to show the uncertainty of the intensity and occurrence of extreme temperatures in China. Based on identifying the extreme temperatures and by analyzing their variability, we refer to the entropy value in the entropy weight method to study the instability of extreme temperatures. The results show that TXx (annual maximum value of daily maximum temperature) and TNn (annual minimum value of daily minimum temperature) in China increased at 0.18 °C/10 year and 0.52 °C/10 year, respectively, from 1966 to 2015. The interannual data of TXx’ occurrence (CTXx) and TNn’ occurrence (CTNn), which are used to identify the timing of extreme temperatures, advance at 0.538 d/10 year and 1.02 d/10 year, respectively. In summary, extreme low-temperature changes are more sensitive to global warming. The results of extreme temperature instability show that the relative instability region of TXx is located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin, and the relative instability region of TNn is concentrated in the Yangtze River, Yellow River, Langtang River source area and parts of Tibet. The relative instability region of CTXx instability is distributed between 105° E and 120° E south of the 30° N latitude line, while the distribution of CTNn instability region is more scattered; the TXx’s instability intensity is higher than TNn’s, and CTXx’s instability intensity is higher than CTNn’s. We further investigate the factors affecting extreme climate instability. We also find that the increase in mean temperature and the change in the intensity of the El Niño phenomenon has significant effects on extreme temperature instability.
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Hansen, Maria B., and Mikkel C. Alanin. "Injection of Steroid in Nasal Polyps: A Systematic Review." American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy 34, no. 6 (June 24, 2020): 838–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1945892420936198.
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Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common chronic condition classically divided into two phenotypes according to the presence or absence of nasal polyps. The effects of both medical and surgical treatment are often temporary, encouraging research into new treatment options. Methods We performed a systematic review related to dosages, effects, side effects, and safety of intrapolyp steroid injection in patients with nasal polyps. We identified five studies with a total of 386 patients and 2490 intrapolyp steroid injections. Results Treatment with intrapolyp steroid injection leads to a decrease in the Total Nasal Polyps Score (TNPS), Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS), and Lund-Mackay Score. The dosage regimens vary from 10 to 40 mg triamcinolone acetonide. Only two cases of temporary visual complications were reported. Conclusion This review found that intrapolyp steroid injection may be an effective and safe treatment for patients with nasal polyps. However, there exist no large, randomized, clinical trials. We found no association between dose and effect, or dose and the risk of visual complications.
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Chen, Xiongbo, Chaoping Cen, Zhixiong Tang, Wenhao Zeng, Dingsheng Chen, Ping Fang, and Zhihang Chen. "The Key Role of pH Value in the Synthesis of Titanate Nanotubes-Loaded Manganese Oxides as a Superior Catalyst for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO with NH3." Journal of Nanomaterials 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/871528.
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Titanate nanotubes (TNTs) synthesized by hydrothermal method were increasingly used as the catalyst support for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with ammonia. This paper reports the critical process of postwashing to prepare satisfactory TNTs for the uses of SCR catalysts. Herein, alkaline TNTs (TNTs-AL), acidic TNTs (TNTs-AC), and neutral TNTs (TNTs-NE) were synthesized by controlling washing pH value. When these TNTs were utilized as the catalyst supports for manganese oxides (Mn/TNTs-AL, Mn/TNTs-AC, and Mn/TNTs-NE), the key role of pH value was found. Titanate nanosheets, titanate nanorods and titanate nanotubes were dominated in Mn/TNTs-AL, Mn/TNTs-AC, and Mn/TNTs-NE, respectively. MnO2crystal was observed when using TNTs-AC or TNTs-NE as the support. By contrast, Mn3O4and NaNO3were observed when using TNTs-AL as the support. Mn/TNTs-NE showed the best SCR activity, in line with the largest surface area, the best dispersion, and the most active redox property of manganese oxides. Mn/TNTs-AL showed negligible SCR activity, resulting from the minimum surface area, the Mn3O4-dominating crystal structure, and the bad dispersion of manganese oxides.
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Nguyen, Phuong Hoang, Tho Truong Nguyen, Thi Minh Cao, Hien Duy Tong, and Viet Van Pham. "Photoelectrochemical water oxidation over TiO2 nanotubes modified with MoS2 and g-C3N4." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 13 (December 16, 2022): 1541–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.13.127.
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TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs) have been studied for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. However, there are two major barriers of TNAs, including a low photo-response and the fast charge carrier recombination in TNAs, leading to poor photocatalytic efficiency. Through a comparison of MoS2/TNAs and g-C3N4/TNAs, it was found that TNAs modified with MoS2 and g-C3N4 exhibited a current density of, respectively, 210.6 and 139.6 μA·cm−2 at an overpotential of 1.23 V vs RHE, which is 18.2 and 12 times higher than that of pure TNAs under the same conditions. The stability of the MoS2/TNAs heterojunction is higher than that of g-C3N4/TNAs.
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Chen, Chia-Hung, Yen-Ping Peng, Ming-Hsun Lin, Ken-Lin Chang, Yung-Chang Lin, and Jian Sun. "Iron Modified Titanate Nanotube Arrays for Photoelectrochemical Removal of E. coli." Nanomaterials 11, no. 8 (July 28, 2021): 1944. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11081944.
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This study used iron modified titanate nanotube arrays (Fe/TNAs) to remove E. coli in a photoelectrochemical system. The Fe/TNAs was synthesized by the anodization method and followed by the square wave voltammetry electrochemical deposition (SWVE) method with ferric nitrate as the precursor. Fe/TNAs were characterized by SEM, XRD, XPS, and UV-vis DRS to investigate the surface properties and light absorption. As a result, the iron nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully deposited on the tubular structure of the TNAs, which showed the best light utilization. Moreover, the photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties of the Fe/TNAs were measured by current-light response and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The photocurrent of the Fe/TNAs-0.5 (3.5 mA/cm2) was higher than TNAs (2.0 mA/cm2) and electron lifetime of Fe/TNAs-0.5 (433.3 ms) were also longer than TNAs (290.3 ms). Compared to the photolytic (P), photocatalytic (PC), and electrochemical (EC) method, Fe/TNAs PEC showed the best removal efficiency for methyl orange degradation. Furthermore, the Fe/TNAs PEC system also performed better removal efficiency than that of photolysis method in E. coli degradation experiments.
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Yang, Hou Hua, Yuan Hang Qin, Sun Wen, Xin Sheng Zhang, Dong Fang Niu, Chun An Ma, and Wei Kang Yuan. "Pd Nanoparticles Supported on TiO2 Nanotubes for Ethanol Oxidation in Alkaline Media." Advanced Materials Research 132 (August 2010): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.132.279.
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Pd electrocatalysts supported on TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) were prepared and used for the oxidation of ethanol in alkaline media. The morphology and structure of the TNTs and the Pd-TNTs/Ti catalyst were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The FESEM results showed that the nanotube structure could be obtained after Ti anodized for 40 min at 20 V under 25 °C, and the nanotube length increased with anodizing time. TNTs/Ti40, TNTs/Ti50 and TNTs/Ti90 templates were prepared with Ti anodized for 40 min, 50 min and 90 min respectively. The composite catalysts activities were measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV), impedance spectroscopy and chronoamperometry. The results indicated that the Pd-TNTs/Ti50 catalyst had higher catalytic activity for ethanol oxidation compared with Pd-TNTs/Ti40 and Pd-TNTs/Ti90 catalysts.
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Su, Penghe, Xiaotong Liu, Ya Chen, Hongchi Liu, Baolin Zhu, Shoumin Zhang, and Weiping Huang. "Synthesis and Characterization of Rh/B–TNTs as a Recyclable Catalyst for Hydroformylation of Olefin Containing –CN Functional Group." Nanomaterials 8, no. 10 (September 25, 2018): 755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8100755.
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The TiO2-based nanotubes (TNTs, B–TNTs) of different surface acidities and their supported Rh catalysts were designed and synthesized. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), tempera–ture–programmed desorption of ammonia (NH3–TPD), atomic emission spectrometer (ICP), and Brunauer–Emmett–Tellerv (BET) surface-area analyzers. Images of SEM and TEM showed that the boron-decorated TiO2 nanotubes (B–TNTs) had a perfect multiwalled tubular structure; their length was up to hundreds of nanometers and inner diameter was about 7 nm. The results of NH3-TPD analyses showed that B–TNTs had a stronger acid site compared with TNTs. For Rh/TNTs and Rh/B–TNTs, Rh nanoparticles highly dispersed on B–TNTs were about 2.79 nm in average diameter and much smaller than those on TNTs, which were about 4.94 nm. The catalytic performances of catalysts for the hydroformylation of 2-methyl-3-butennitrile (2M3BN) were also evaluated, and results showed that the existence of B in Rh/B–TNTs had a great influence on the catalytic performance of the catalysts. The Rh/B–TNTs displayed higher catalytic activity, selectivity for aldehydes, and stability than the Rh/TNTs.
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Zeng, Linsheng, Zichun He, Yongping Luo, Jitao Xu, Jiansheng Chen, Li Wu, Ping Huang, and Shunjian Xu. "A Simple g-C3N4/TNTs Heterojunction for Improving the Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 168, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 116520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac3abc.
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In this work, highly ordered titanium dioxide nanotube arrays (TNTs) were first prepared by anodic oxidation method. Then, g-C3N4/TNTs heterojunctions were prepared by ultrasonically loading graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) onto the TNTs. The morphology and crystal structure of TNTs and g-C3N4/TNTs were characterized by SEM/TEM and XRD. The photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) degradation of methyl orange (MO) by TNTs and g-C3N4/TNTs was studied in a PEC degradation system. The photocatalytic (PC), electrocatalytic (EC), and PEC degradation properties were compared, and the effect of pollutant concentration on the degradation performance of the catalysts was analyzed. According to the experimental results, the degradation rate of MO with TNTs only reaches 65.1% after 120 min, while the degradation rate of MO with g-C3N4/TNTs reaches 84.6% in the same time. Due to the synergistic effect of light and electricity, the PEC degradation efficiency of the two catalysts is greater than the sum of PC and EC degradation, proving that g-C3N4/TNTs heterojunctions provide excellent PEC performance for the degradation of MO.
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Le, Phuoc, Le Hieu, Tu-Ngoc Lam, Nguyen Hang, Nguyen Truong, Le Tuyen, Pham Phong, and Jihperng Leu. "Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance of Nitrogen-Doped TiO2 Nanotube Arrays Using a Simple Annealing Process." Micromachines 9, no. 12 (November 24, 2018): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi9120618.
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Nitrogen-doped TiO2 nanotube arrays (N-TNAs) were successfully fabricated by a simple thermal annealing process in ambient N2 gas at 450 °C for 3 h. TNAs with modified morphologies were prepared by a two-step anodization using an aqueous NH4F/ethylene glycol solution. The N-doping concentration (0–9.47 at %) can be varied by controlling N2 gas flow rates between 0 and 500 cc/min during the annealing process. Photocatalytic performance of as-prepared TNAs and N-TNAs was studied by monitoring the methylene blue degradation under visible light (λ ≥ 400 nm) illumination at 120 mW·cm−2. N-TNAs exhibited appreciably enhanced photocatalytic activity as compared to TNAs. The reaction rate constant for N-TNAs (9.47 at % N) reached 0.26 h−1, which was a 125% improvement over that of TNAs (0.115 h−1). The significant enhanced photocatalytic activity of N-TNAs over TNAs is attributed to the synergistic effects of (1) a reduced band gap associated with the introduction of N-doping states to serve as carrier reservoir, and (2) a reduced electron‒hole recombination rate.
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Marinov, V., M. Tzaneva, M. Zhelyazkova-Savova, S. Gancheva, and St Valcheva-Kuzmanova. "Histopathological Evaluation of the Effect of Eugenol in a Model of Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid-Induced Colitis in Rats." Acta Medica Bulgarica 48, no. 4 (November 1, 2021): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amb-2021-0042.
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Abstract Introduction: Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced experimental colitis in animals is a commonly used model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Eugenol (Eug) is a natural phenolic compound possessing promising antioxidant and anti-inflammatory therapeutic properties. Aim: The present study investigated the effects of Eug in a TNBS-induced rat colitis model using criteria for histopathological evaluation of the colonic damage. Materials and methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into 6 experimental groups, each of 10 rats: Control, TNBS, TNBS+Eug1, TNBS+Eug5, TNBS+Eug25, and TNBS+Eug125 group. Eug or the solvent (sunflower oil) was applied orally using an orogastric cannula. The control group and TNBS group were treated only with sunflower oil. Eug groups were treated with corresponding doses of Eug (1, 5, 25 and 125 mg/kg) dissolved in sunflower oil. Colitis was induced by the application of TNBS in the colon. The animal treatment began 6 days before the colitis induction and continued for 8 days after it. At the end of the experiment, colitis severity was evaluated histopathologically regarding epithelium injury, inflammatory cell infiltration, and formation of granulation tissue. Results: In all TNBS+Eug groups, the formation of granulation tissue was enhanced compared to TNBS. In group TNBS+Eug125 the difference was significant compared to the control group (p < 0.05). No significant improvement regarding the scores of epithelium injury and inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in Eug groups compared to TNBS group. Conclusion: Eug did not improve the signs of TNBS-induced epithelial injury and inflammatory cell infiltration, but stimulated the formation of granulation tissue which might be considered as a sign of healing.
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Le, Thi Ngoc Tu, Nu Quynh Trang Ton, Van Man Tran, Nguyen Dang Nam, and Thi Hanh Thu Vu. "TiO2 Nanotubes with Different Ag Loading to Enhance Visible-Light Photocatalytic Activity." Journal of Nanomaterials 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6092195.
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An improved photocatalytic activity of semiconductor materials using incorporation of the noble metals such as Ag, Au, and Pt is a promising technology. In this study, Ag nanoparticle-TiO2 nanotube structures (Ag-TNTs) have been investigated as a photocatalyst in different irradiation conditions using different characterization techniques. The results indicate that Ag nanoparticles dispersed uniformly on the TNTs’ surface without any change in TNTs’ morphology. In addition, Ag-TNTs exhibited lower photoactivity than the TNTs under UV irradiation. In contrast, Ag-TNTs increased the photoactivity in comparison with TNTs and the photocatalytic performance under sunlight irradiation. These phenomena could be contributed to the appearance of Ag nanoparticles on the nanotube surface.
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Z. Alwan, Ghasaq, Wisam Jafer Aziz, and Raad S. Sabry. "Producing Hydrogen Energy Using Cr2O3-TNFs Nanocomposite with Animal (Chitosan) Extract via Ultrasonic and Hydrothermal Techniques." Iraqi Journal of Physics 20, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30723/ijp.v20i3.1001.
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In this study, an efficient photocatalyst for dissociation of water was prepared and studied. The chromium oxide (Cr2O3) with Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanofibers (Cr2O3-TNFs) nanocomposite with (chitosan extract) were synthesized using ecologically friendly methods such as ultrasonic and hydrothermal techniques; such TiO2 exhibits nanofibers (TNFs) shape structure. Doping TiO2 with chromium (Cr) enhances its ability to absorb ultraviolet light while also speeding up the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes. The prepared TNFs and Cr2O3-TNFs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and UV-Visible absorbance. The XRD of TNFs showed a tetragonal phase with 6.9 nm of average crystallite size, whereas Cr2O3-TNFs crystallite size was 12.3 nm. FE-SEM images showed that the average particle size of TNFs was in the range of (9-35) nm and UV-Vis absorbance of TNFs showed their energy gap to be 3.9eV while the energy gaps of Cr2O3-TNFs were smaller equal to 2.4 eV. The highest hydrogen production rate for the Cr2O3-TNFs nanocomposite was 4.1ml after 80min of UV exposure. Cr2O3-TNFs have high photocatalytic effectiveness due to their wide ultraviolet light photoresponse range and excellent separation of photogenerated electrons and holes.
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Warmuth, Lucas, Gülperi Nails, Maria Casapu, Sheng Wang, Silke Behrens, Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt, and Claus Feldmann. "Catalytic CO Oxidation and H2O2 Direct Synthesis over Pd and Pt-Impregnated Titania Nanotubes." Catalysts 11, no. 8 (August 8, 2021): 949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11080949.
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Titania nanotubes (TNTs) impregnated with Pd and Pt nanoparticles are evaluated as heterogeneous catalysts in different conditions in two reactions: catalytic CO oxidation (gas phase, up to 500 °C) and H2O2 direct synthesis (liquid phase, 30 °C). The TNTs are obtained via oxidation of titanium metal and the intermediate layer-type sodium titanate Na2Ti3O7. Thereafter, the titanate layers are exfoliated and show self-rolling to TNTs, which, finally, are impregnated with Pd or Pt nanoparticles at room temperature by using Pd(ac)2 and Pt(ac)2. The resulting crystalline Pd/TNTs and Pt/TNTs are realized with different lengths (long TNTs: 2.0–2.5 µm, short TNTs: 0.23–0.27 µm) and a specific surface area up to 390 m2/g. The deposited Pd and Pt particles are 2–5 nm in diameter. The TNT-derived catalysts show good thermal (up to 500 °C) and chemical stability (in liquid-phase and gas-phase reactions). The catalytic evaluation results in a low CO oxidation light-out temperature of 150 °C for Pt/TNTs (1 wt-%) and promising H2O2 generation with a productivity of 3240 molH2O2 kgPd−1 h−1 (Pd/TNTs, 5 wt-%, 30 °C). Despite their smaller surface area, long TNTs outperform short TNTs with regard to both CO oxidation and H2O2 formation.
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Ceran, Yasin, Hamza Ergüder, Katherine Ladner, Sophie Korenfeld, Karina Deniz, Sanyukta Padmanabhan, Phillip Wong, et al. "TNTdetect.AI: A Deep Learning Model for Automated Detection and Counting of Tunneling Nanotubes in Microscopy Images." Cancers 14, no. 19 (October 10, 2022): 4958. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14194958.
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Background: Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are cellular structures connecting cell membranes and mediating intercellular communication. TNTs are manually identified and counted by a trained investigator; however, this process is time-intensive. We therefore sought to develop an automated approach for quantitative analysis of TNTs. Methods: We used a convolutional neural network (U-Net) deep learning model to segment phase contrast microscopy images of both cancer and non-cancer cells. Our method was composed of preprocessing and model development. We developed a new preprocessing method to label TNTs on a pixel-wise basis. Two sequential models were employed to detect TNTs. First, we identified the regions of images with TNTs by implementing a classification algorithm. Second, we fed parts of the image classified as TNT-containing into a modified U-Net model to estimate TNTs on a pixel-wise basis. Results: The algorithm detected 49.9% of human expert-identified TNTs, counted TNTs, and calculated the number of TNTs per cell, or TNT-to-cell ratio (TCR); it detected TNTs that were not originally detected by the experts. The model had 0.41 precision, 0.26 recall, and 0.32 f-1 score on a test dataset. The predicted and true TCRs were not significantly different across the training and test datasets (p = 0.78). Conclusions: Our automated approach labeled and detected TNTs and cells imaged in culture, resulting in comparable TCRs to those determined by human experts. Future studies will aim to improve on the accuracy, precision, and recall of the algorithm.
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Samsudin, Nurul Asma, Zulkarnain Zainal, Hong Ngee Lim, Yusran Sulaiman, Sook-Keng Chang, Ying-Chin Lim, and Wardatun Nadrah Mohd Amin. "Enhancement of Capacitive Performance in Titania Nanotubes Modified by an Electrochemical Reduction Method." Journal of Nanomaterials 2018 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9509126.
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Highly ordered titania nanotubes (TNTs) were synthesised by an electrochemical anodization method for supercapacitor applications. However, the capacitive performance of the TNTs was relatively low and comparable to the conventional capacitor. Therefore, in order to improve the capacitive performance of the TNTs, a fast and facile electrochemical reduction method was applied to modify the TNTs (R-TNTs) by introducing oxygen vacancies into the lattice. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data confirmed the presence of oxygen vacancies in the R-TNTs lattice upon the reduction of Ti4+ to Ti3+. Electrochemical reduction parameters such as applied voltage and reduction time were varied to optimize the best conditions for the modification process. The electrochemical performance of the samples was analyzed in a three-electrode configuration cell. The cyclic voltammogram recorded at 200 mV s−1 showed a perfect square-shaped voltammogram indicating the excellent electrochemical performance of R-TNTs prepared at 5 V for 30 s. The total area of the R-TNTs voltammogram was 3 times larger than the unmodified TNTs. A specific capacitance of 11.12 mF cm−2 at a current density of 20 μA cm−2 was obtained from constant current charge-discharge measurements, which was approximately 57 times higher than that of unmodified TNTs. R-TNTs also displayed outstanding cycle stability with 99% capacity retention after 1000 cycles.
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Suhag, Mahmudul Hassan, Ikki Tateishi, Mai Furukawa, Hideyuki Katsumata, Aklima Khatun, and Satoshi Kaneco. "Application of Rh/TiO2 Nanotube Array in Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from Formic Acid Solution." Journal of Composites Science 6, no. 11 (November 2, 2022): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs6110327.
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Titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs) were fabricated via electrochemical anodization process. Photocatalytic hydrogen generation from formic acid solution was investigated using TNTs with simultaneous Rh deposition. The effects of calcination temperature and time for TNTs on hydrogen generation were studied. The maximum hydrogen generation (54 µmol) was observed when using TNTs with a 500 °C calcination temperature and 10 h calcination time under 5 h of black light (352 nm) irradiation. The reusability tests indicated that the TNTs with photodeposited Rh metal (Rh/TNT) had excellent stability up to the fifth cycle for hydrogen generation from formic acid solution. The TNTs were characterized before and after photodeposition of Rh metal via X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence (PL), and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). XRD revealed the presence of optimal anatase–rutile phase ratios in TNTs at 500 °C and 300 °C calcination temperatures. XRD and SEM revealed the deposition of Rh metal on the TNT surface at 300 °C and 500 °C calcination temperatures. It was observed that the light absorption ability of TNTs calcined at 500 °C was greater than that of TNTs calcined at 300 °C. The reaction mechanisms for the formation of TNTs and photocatalytic hydrogen production from formic acid solutions by TNTs with simultaneous Rh deposition were also proposed.
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Silva, Evelynne, Ítalo Medeiros Azevedo, Irami Araújo Filho, and Aldo Cunha Medeiros. "Effect of Arrabideae chica (crajiru) extract in a model of induced experimental colitis in rats." JOURNAL OF SURGICAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 12, no. 2 (December 28, 2021): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.20398/jscr.v12i2.27516.
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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of A. chica extract on the evolution of experimental rectocolitis in rats, and the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-a, IL-1β and IL-6 in colonic tissue. Methods: Wistar rats weighing 275±23g were distributed into 4 groups of 6 animals each. Rectocolitis was induced in rats by rectal administration of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). Seventy-two hours after TNBS injection, animals were treated daily for 6 days. Groups: 1. Normal control group without induction of rectocolitis. Received 0.9% saline injection v.o. by gavage during treatment. 2. TNBS rectocolitis group, treated with normal saline (SN) by gavage (TNBS+SN); 3. TNBS rectocolitis group treated with A. chica extract (ACE), receiving a daily dose of 300 mg of A. chica extract by gavage (TNBS+ACE);4. TNBS rectocolitis group treated with mesalazine, receiving a daily dose of 100 mg/kg of mesalazine orally (TNBS+MEZ). Macroscopic examination of the colon and dosing of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in colon tissue were performed. Results: There was a reduction in weight in animals treated only with TNBS+NS. No difference in weight was observed comparing the animals treated with ACE and MEZ. In the control group no mucosal ulcers or edema of the colon wall were observed. Several mucosal ulcers, edema and hyperemia occurred in the colon of rats in the TNBS+SN group. In two of the animals in this group there was colon perforation, tamponated by omentum. A reduction of mucosal ulcers number in the TNBS+ACE (crajiru) group was seen, compared to the TNBS+SN and TNBS+MEZ group. There was a significant reduction of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in the colon tissue of animals treated with crajiru extract, TCBS+ACE group, when compared to the control group (p<0.001), TNBS+SN group, and TNBS+MEZ groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: This is the first study to show that A. chica extract positively influences the treatment of TNBS/induced rectocolitis through its antiinflamatory activity. More comprehensive studies are needed to understand the underlying mechanisms.
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Lin, Yuan-Chung, Chia-Hung Chen, Kang-Shin Chen, Yen-Ping Peng, Yung-Chang Lin, Shih-Wei Huang, Chien-Er Huang, Hsiao-Wu Lai, and Hsing-Wang Li. "Green Synthesized Palladium Coated Titanium Nanotube Arrays for Simultaneous Azo-Dye Degradation and Hydrogen Production." Catalysts 10, no. 11 (November 16, 2020): 1330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10111330.
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In this study, electrodes of titanium dioxide nanotube arrays (TNAs) were successfully synthesized by applying the anodic oxidation etching method, as well as the use of green synthetic technology to add reducing agents of tea or coffee to reduce metal palladium from palladium chloride. Synthesis of palladium modified TNAs (Pd/TNAs) was conducted by the microwave hydrothermal method after the metal palladium was reduced. In order to identify the surface structure, light absorption and elemental composition, TNAs and Pd/TNAs were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Furthermore, to test the photocurrent density, electron resistance, and hydroxyl radicals by I-t plot, electrochemistry impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) were investigated. The photocurrent (4.0 mA/cm2) of Pd/TNAs-C (using coffee as the reducing agent) at +1.0 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) was higher than that of the pure TNAs (1.5 mA/cm2), illustrating that Pd/TNAs-C can effectively separate photogenerated electrons and holes. Pd/TNAs is a favorable material as a photoanode for the photoelectrochemical (PEC) removal of organic pollutants in wastewater.
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Andita, Rahma Putri, and Fauzan Kahfi. "PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN MELALUI EKOWISATA BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DI TAMAN NASIONAL TESSO NILO-RIAU." Jurnal Daya Saing 5, no. 3 (October 30, 2019): 261–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.35446/dayasaing.v5i3.404.
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Ekowisata berbasis masyarakat dapat digunakan sebagai alat bagi masyarakat lokal untuk melestarikan hutan lokal mereka sendiri (hutan konservasi). Itu harus dilakukan untuk melindungi hutan dari masalah antropogenik termasuk pembalakan liar, perburuan liar, perambahan, dan kebakaran hutan. Kondisi ini juga terjadi di salah satu dari lima puluh taman nasional di Indonesia yaitu Taman Nasional Tesso Nilo (TNNP). Otoritas TNNP dan mitranya mempromosikan ekowisata berbasis komunitas untuk komunitas lokal di area TNNP. Sebagai konsekuensi dari pencarian pada solusi tunggal atau satu set dari mereka, untuk mengatasi masalah yang disebutkan di atas dan itu menjadi latar belakang penelitian ini. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat implementasi kegiatan ekowisata berbasis masyarakat di TNNP dan menjelaskan implikasi kegiatan ekowisata, serta membuat strategi pengembangan ekowisata di TNNP. Ini adalah studi deskriptif yang menggabungkan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif untuk menentukan kondisi pengelolaan ekowisata berbasis masyarakat di zona pemanfaatan TNNP, untuk melihat implikasi yang dihasilkan dari pengelolaan ekowisata dan akhirnya membuat rekomendasi dalam bentuk strategi pengembangan ekowisata di TNNP. . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Desa Lubuk Kembang Bunga dalam pengelolaan ekowisata telah melakukan proses perencanaan, pengorganisasian, penggerakan, dan pengendalian. Masyarakat menerima banyak bantuan dari berbagai pemangku kepentingan untuk mengelola kegiatan ekowisata di zona pemanfaatan TNNP. Masyarakat telah menerapkan sebagian besar prinsip dan kriteria ekowisata berbasis masyarakat dalam kegiatan ekowisata dan masih membutuhkan perbaikan. Kegiatan ekowisata di TNNP menghasilkan manfaat positif bagi pengelolaan TNNP dan masyarakat Desa Lubuk Kembang Bunga. Strategi pengembangan ekowisata di TNNP membuat manajemen kolaboratif di zona pemanfaatan TNNP untuk kegiatan ekowisata berbasis masyarakat dan menggabungkan upaya konservasi in-situ dengan kegiatan ekowisata.