Relevant bibliographies by topics / TNNs

Academic literature on the topic 'TNNs'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "TNNs"

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Yang, Hwa-Young, Won-Yeop Rho, Seul Lee, Sang Kim, and Yoon-Bong Hahn. "TiO2 Nanoparticles/Nanotubes for Efficient Light Harvesting in Perovskite Solar Cells." Nanomaterials 9, no. 3 (March 1, 2019): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9030326.

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To enhance the light harvesting capability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), TiO2 nanoparticles/nanotubes (TNNs) were incorporated into the active layer of PSCs. The TNN-containing cells showed a substantial increase in photocurrent density (JSC), from 23.9 mA/cm2 without nanotubes to 25.5 mA/cm2, suggesting that the TiO2 nanotubes enhanced the charge conduction and harvested more sunlight, which was attributed to the Mie scattering effect. Compared to the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of TiO2 nanoparticles in the active layer (14.16%), the TNN-containing cells with optimal loading of 9 wt % TiO2 nanotubes showed a high PCE of 15.34%.
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Li, Yue, Wenrui Ding, Chunlei Liu, Baochang Zhang, and Guodong Guo. "TRQ: Ternary Neural Networks With Residual Quantization." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 8538–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i10.17036.

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Ternary neural networks (TNNs) are potential for network acceleration by reducing the full-precision weights in network to ternary ones, e.g., {-1,0,1}. However, existing TNNs are mostly calculated based on rule-of-thumb quantization methods by simply thresholding operations, which causes a significant accuracy loss. In this paper, we introduce a stem-residual framework which provides new insight into Ternary quantization, termed Residual Quantization (TRQ), to achieve more powerful TNNs. Rather than directly thresholding operations, TRQ recursively performs quantization on full-precision weights for a refined reconstruction by combining the binarized stem and residual parts. With such a unique quantization process, TRQ endows the quantizer with high flexibility and precision. Our TRQ is generic, which can be easily extended to multiple bits through recursively encoded residual for a better recognition accuracy. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method yields great recognition accuracy while being accelerated.
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Niu, Lin. "Identification of Damage in a Truss Bridge Using a Moving Instrumented Vehicle from Limited Measurements." Applied Mechanics and Materials 368-370 (August 2013): 1370–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.368-370.1370.

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In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of bridges which are being instrumented and monitored on an ongoing basis. This is in part due to the introduction of bridge management systems designed to provide a high level of protection to the public and early warning if the bridge becomes unsafe. This paper investigates a novel alternative; a low-cost method consisting of the use of a vehicle to monitor the dynamic behaviour of bridges. A truss vehicle-bridge model is used to test the effectiveness of the approach in identifying the damping ratio of the bridge with the time-delay neural networks (TNNs). A simulation study has been carried out for the incomplete measurement data. It has been observed that TNNs have performed better than traditional neural networks(NN) in this application and the arithmetic of the TNNs is simple.
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Do, Tho Chau Minh Vinh, Duy Quoc Nguyen, Kien Trung Nguyen, and Phuoc Huu Le. "TiO2 and Au-TiO2 Nanomaterials for Rapid Photocatalytic Degradation of Antibiotic Residues in Aquaculture Wastewater." Materials 12, no. 15 (July 31, 2019): 2434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12152434.

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Antibiotic residues in aquaculture wastewater are considered as an emerging environmental problem, as they are not efficiently removed in wastewater treatment plants. To address this issue, we fabricated TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs), TiO2 nanowires on nanotube arrays (TNWs/TNAs), Au nanoparticle (NP)-decorated-TNAs, and TNWs/TNAs, which were applied for assessing the photocatalytic degradation of eight antibiotics, simultaneously. The TNAs and TNWs/TNAs were synthesized by anodization using an aqueous NH4F/ethylene glycol solution. Au NPs were synthesized by chemical reduction method, and used to decorate on TNAs and TNWs/TNAs. All the TiO2 nanostructures exhibited anatase phase and well-defined morphology. The photocatalytic performance of TNAs, TNWs/TNAs, Au-TNAs and Au-TNWs/TNAs was studied by monitoring the degradation of amoxicillin, ampicillin, doxycycline, oxytetracycline, lincomycin, vancomycin, sulfamethazine, and sulfamethoxazole under ultraviolet (UV)-visible (VIS), or VIS illumination by LC-MS/MS method. All the four kinds of nanomaterials degraded the antibiotics effectively and rapidly, in which most antibiotics were removed completely after 20 min treatment. The Au-TNWs/TNAs exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity in degradation of the eight antibiotics. For example, reaction rate constants of Au-TNWs/TNAs for degradation of lincomycin reached 0.26 min−1 and 0.096 min−1 under UV-VIS and VIS irradiation, respectively; and they were even higher for the other antibiotics. The excellent photocatalytic activity of Au-TNWs/TNAs was attributed to the synergistic effects of: (1) The larger surface area of TNWs/TNAs as compared to TNAs, and (2) surface plasmonic effect in Au NPs to enhance the visible light harvesting.
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Do, Tho Chau Minh Vinh, Duy Quoc Nguyen, Tuan Duc Nguyen, and Phuoc Huu Le. "Development and Validation of a LC-MS/MS Method for Determination of Multi-Class Antibiotic Residues in Aquaculture and River Waters, and Photocatalytic Degradation of Antibiotics by TiO2 Nanomaterials." Catalysts 10, no. 3 (March 24, 2020): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10030356.

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This study presents a multi-residue method for simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of eight antibiotics from some common classes, including beta-lactam, tetracyclines, lincosamides, glycopeptides, and sulfonamides in 39 aquaculture and river water samples from the Mekong Delta (Vietnam) using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). As a result, doxycycline (DXC), oxytetracycline (OTC), lincomycin (LCM), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and sulfamethazine (SMZ) were detected with high frequency over 65% and an average concentration of 22.6–76.8 ng·mL−1. The result suggests that antibiotic residues in the aquaculture and river waters are considered as an emerging environmental problem of the region. To address this issue, we fabricated the well-defined TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs) and nanowires on nanotube arrays (TNWs/TNAs) using the anodization method. The TNAs had an inner tube diameter of ~95 nm and a wall thickness of ~25 nm. Meanwhile, the TNWs/TNAs had a layer of TiO2 nanowires with a length of ~6 µm partially covering the TNAs. In addition, both TNAs and TNWs/TNAs had pure anatase phase TiO2 with (101) and (112) dominant preferred orientations. Moreover, the TNAs and TNWs/TNAs effectively and rapidly degraded the antibiotic residues under UV-VIS irradiation at 120 mW/cm2 and obtained over 95% removal at 20 min. Indeed, the photocatalytic reaction rate constants (k) were in the range of 0.14–0.36 min−1 for TNAs, and 0.15–0.38 min−1 for TNWs/TNAs. Noticeably, the k values of TNWs/TNAs were slightly higher than those of TNAs for LCM, DXC, OTC, SMZ, and SMX that could be attributed to the larger surface area of TNWs/TNAs than TNAs when TNWs/TNAs had an additional ~6μm TNWs top layer.
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Uyen, Ngo Ngoc, Le Thi Cam Tuyen, Le Trung Hieu, Thi Thu Tram Nguyen, Huynh Phuong Thao, Tho Chau Minh Vinh Do, Kien Trung Nguyen, et al. "TiO2 Nanowires on TiO2 Nanotubes Arrays (TNWs/TNAs) Decorated with Au Nanoparticles and Au Nanorods for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting and Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue." Coatings 12, no. 12 (December 13, 2022): 1957. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12121957.

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In this study, TiO2 nanowires on TiO2 nanotubes arrays (TNWs/TNAs) and Au-decorated TNWs/TNAs nanostructures are designed and fabricated as a new type of photoanode for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. The TNWs/TNAs were fabricated on Ti folds by anodization using an aqueous NH4F/ethylene glycol solution, while Au nanoparticles (NPs) and Au nanorods (NRs) were synthesized by Turkevich methods. We studied the crystal structure, morphology, and PEC activity of four types of nanomaterial photoanodes, including TNWs/TNAs, Au NPs- TNWs/TNAs, Au NRs-TNWs/TNAs, and Au NPs-NRs-TNWs/TNAs. The TiO2 and Au-TiO2 samples exhibited pure anatase phase of TiO2 with (0 0 4), (1 0 1), and (1 0 5) preferred orientations, while Au-TiO2 presented a tiny XRD peak of Au (111) due to a small Au decorated content of 0.7 ± 0.2 at.%. In addition, the samples obtained a well-defined and uniformed structure of TNAs/TNWs; Au NPs (size of 19.0 ± 1.9 nm) and Au NRs (width of 14.8 ± 1.3 nm and length of 99.8 ± 15.1 nm) were primarily deposited on TNWs top layer; sharp Au/TiO2 interfaces were observed from HRTEM images. The photocurrent density (J) of the photoanode nanomaterials was in the range of 0.24–0.4 mA/cm2. Specifically, Au NPs-NRs- decorated TNWs/TNAs attained the highest J value of 0.4 mA/cm2 because the decoration of Au NPs and Au NRs mixture onto TNWs/TNAs improved the light harvesting capability and the light absorption in the visible-infrared region, enhanced photogenerated carriers’ density, and increased electrons’ injection efficiency via the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect occurring at the Au nanostructures. Furthermore, amongst the investigated nanophotocatalysts, the Au NPs-NRs TNWs/TNAs exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity in the degradation of methylene blue with a high reaction rate constant of 0.7 ± 0.07 h−1, which was 2.5 times higher than that of the pristine TNWs/TNAs.
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Yu, Jiangdong, Cheng Gong, Zhi Wu, Yongneng Wu, Wang Xiao, Yufeng Su, Lan Sun, and Changjian Lin. "Efficient visible light-induced photoelectrocatalytic hydrogen production using CdS sensitized TiO2 nanorods on TiO2 nanotube arrays." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, no. 44 (2015): 22218–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta04107d.

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CdS/TNRs/TNTs were synthesized by combining a hydrothermal method with a sequential-chemical bath deposition method and displayed enhanced visible light-induced photoelectrocatalytic hydrogen production activity compared with TNTs, TNRs/TNTs and CdS/TNTs.
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Liu, Yanbiao, Xiaojie Gan, Baoxue Zhou, Jinhua Li, Jialing Zhang, Yimin Chen, Jing Bai, Qing Zheng, Bingchuan Liu, and Weimin Cai. "Photoelectrochemical degradation of methyl orange by TiO2 nanopore arrays electrode and its comparison with TiO2 nanotube arrays electrode." Water Science and Technology 62, no. 12 (December 1, 2010): 2783–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.336.

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Highly ordered TiO2 nanopore arrays (TNPs) electrode was applied as an electrode material for photoelectrochemical (PEC) degradation of methylic orange (MO). As a comparison, the self-organized TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs) electrode about 500 nm in length was fabricated by Ti anodization in 0.5 wt% HF-H2O solution. The COD removal rate and color removal rate for PEC degradation of MO using the TNPs electrode was found to be 9 and 7%, respectively, as high as that obtained for TNAs electrode when biased at 0.5 V. The results indicate that the fast electron separation and transport properties of TNPs electrode makes it possesses enhanced PEC performance for the degradation of MO. In addition, the color removal rate of MO by TNPs PEC process increased with increasing bias potential and electrolyte concentration, but decreased with the increasing pH value and initial concentration of the reaction solution.
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bin Ahmad, Mohd Khairul, and Kenji Murakami. "Rutile-Phased TiO Nanorods/Nanoflowers Based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell." Applied Mechanics and Materials 773-774 (July 2015): 725–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.725.

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Aligned Rutile TiO2 nanorods (r-TNRs) and TiO2 nanoflowers (r-TNFs) were successfully prepared by hydrothermal method. Using hydrochloric acid (HCl) as chelating agent and titanium butoxide (TBOT) as precursor, aligned r-TNRs with r-TNFs were successfully growth onto fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) with different morphologies. The influences of surface morphologies to the rutile based Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) efficiency are discussed. The highest light-to-electric energy conversion efficiency, 1.80% is achieved using different concentration under simulated solar light illumination of 100 mWcm-2 (1.5 AM).
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Lee, Ki-Il, Jong-Yeup Kim, Sumin Son, Seung Ho Kim, Myeong Hee Kim, Eunwoo Nam, and Seung Min In. "A Novel Powered Nasal Irrigation After Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Preliminary Study." Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 65, no. 2 (February 21, 2022): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3342/kjorl-hns.2021.00346.

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Background and Objectives We aimed to compare the efficacy of a novel powered irrigation system with that of the manual bottle-squeeze method for postoperative healing after endoscopic sinonasal surgery (ESS).Subjects and Method In this prospective randomized clinical trial, 29 patients were enrolled for nasal irrigation (NI) with either NOSSHA® (Womens Care Co., Ltd.) powered irrigation system (NOSSHA® group, n=14) or manual irrigation (control group, n=15). Objective findings were evaluated using the modified Lund-Kennedy scores. Subjective outcomes were assessed using the total nasal endoscopic score (TNES), total nasal symptom score (TNSS), visual analog scale (VAS), and quality of life (QOL) questionnaires in each group at baseline, and 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after ESS. We compared the postoperative changes between both groups.Results The mean TNES of patients were significantly higher in the NOSSHA® group than in the control group (p=0.015); however, the improvement in TNES was achieved 2 weeks earlier in the NOSSHA® group. The improvement in TNES (p<0.001) and TNSS (p<0.001) was statistically significant in both groups. The improvement in QOL was statistically significant in the NOSSHA® (p<0.001) and control group (p=0.007). The improvement in the TNSS and QOL was earlier in the NOSSHA® group by 4 and 7 weeks, respectively; no early improvement occurred in the NOSSHA® group for the VAS score.Conclusion We validated the usefulness of postoperative NI using a powered device, which may be useful for patients who cannot tolerate manual NI.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "TNNs"

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Chebanenko, Yevhen, and Євген Чебаненко. "International regulations of TNCs in the context of globalization." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/51231.

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1. Marcel Kordoš and Sergej Vojtovic 2016 «Transnational Corporations in the Global World Economic Environment» 2. Porumbescu, Alexandra, and Livia Dana Pogan. "Transnational Corporations, as Subjects of International Law in the Globalization Context." Revista de Stiinte Politice, no. 64, 2019, p. 65+. Accessed 10 Mar. 2021. 3. Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of States General Assembly resolution 3281 (XXIX) [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: https://legal.un.org/avl/ha/cerds/cerds.html 4. Code of Conduct on Transnational Corporations. [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/156251.
Intensive globalization of the world economy and international relations, the driving force of which are TNCs, gives special importance to the study of the current state of legal regulation of their activities within the system of private international law and national legal systems. The relevance of a topic in general is determined by two interrelated but separate factors.
Інтенсивна глобалізація світової економіки та міжнародних відносин, рушійною силою яких є ТНК, надає особливого значення вивченню сучасного стану правового регулювання їх діяльності в системі міжнародного приватного права та національних правових систем. Актуальність теми загалом визначається двома взаємопов’язаними, але окремими факторами.
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Yershov, Anton, and Антон Єршов. "Influence of TNCs on the economy of developing countries." Thesis, National aviation university, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/50583.

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1. Huntington, Samuel P. The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order // Simon & Schuster, 2018. 368 pages 2. Perkins, John The New Confessions of an Economic Hit Man // Berrett-Koehler Publishers; 2nd edition, 2016. 384 pages 3. UNCTAD Transnational Corporations (Journal) (Volume 27, Number 1); United Nations, New York and Geneva, 2019. 99 pages 4. UNCTAD World Investment Report 2015 – Reforming International Investment Governance; United Nations, New York and Geneva, 2015. 252 pages
Currently, there is no single approach to the division of countries into underdeveloped countries, developing and developed ones. There are more common approaches of the UN, World Bank, WTO to ranking countries and territories. Although the current stages of development of TNCs are chaacterised by globalisation, and the flow of capital from one area to another, (which in theory should level the gap between countries) and the development of national economies is still uneven. For many reasons, because of the policy of protectionism, many because of the different levels of natural resources (as the main factor of economic growth).
В даний час не існує єдиного підходу до поділу країн на слаборозвинені країни, що розвиваються та розвинені. Існують більш загальні підходи ООН, Світового банку та СОТ до ранжирування країн та територій. Хоча нинішні етапи розвитку ТНК характеризуються глобалізацією, а потік капіталу з однієї області в іншу (що теоретично повинно нівелювати розрив між країнами) та розвиток національних економік все ще нерівномірний. З багатьох причин, через політику протекціонізму, багато через різний рівень природних ресурсів (як головний фактор економічного зростання).
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Huari, Chulluncuy Frank Enrique. "Análisis y purificación de las enzimas proteolíticas presentes en el veneno de Loxosceles laeta “Araña del rincón”." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/3395.

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Loxosceles laeta, conocida como “araña del rincón” o “araña casera”, es el principal artrópodo de importancia clínica en nuestro país debido a las graves alteraciones fisiológicas, con secuelas irreversibles que produce su mordedura en humanos pudiendo llevar a la muerte. El objetivo de este trabajo fue explorar y caracterizar parcialmente las enzimas proteolíticas presentes en este veneno; las enzimas evaluadas fueron proteolíticas sobre caseína y dimetilcaseína (DMC), así como la acción pro-coagulante sobre plasma humano citratado. El veneno fue fraccionado usando una columna cromatográfica de filtración molecular sobre Sephadex G-100, equilibrado con buffer acetato de amonio 0,05M pH 5,0. Mediante PAGE-SDS se determinó que la proteasa que hidroliza DMC es de naturaleza monomérica, con un peso aproximado de 35 kDa. En los ensayos de inhibición, con el agente quelante EDTA y el inhibidor de serinoproteasas (PMSF), se obtiene una inhibición de 60,4% de la actividad proteolítica usando 5 mM de EDTA y empleando 5 mM de PMSF la actividad pro-coagulante se redujo al 6,7%. Las pruebas de inmunodifusión doble, usando el antiveneno loxoscélico comercial (INS-Perú) mostraron la antigenicidad de las proteasas en estudio, así como del antiveneno total. Se concluye que el veneno de la araña L. laeta contiene por lo menos 2 tipos de proteasas, una del tipo metaloproteasa y la otra serinoproteasa, siendo ambas enzimas reconocidas por el antiveneno loxoscélico comercial.
Tesis
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Kovalenko, I. D., A. Doressoundiram, E. Lellouch, E. Vilenius, T. Müller, and J. Stansberry. "“TNOs are Cool”: A survey of the trans-Neptunian region." EDP SCIENCES S A, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626412.

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Context. Gravitationally bound multiple systems provide an opportunity to estimate the mean bulk density of the objects, whereas this characteristic is not available for single objects. Being a primitive population of the outer solar system, binary and multiple trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) provide unique information about bulk density and internal structure, improving our understanding of their formation and evolution. Aims. The goal of this work is to analyse parameters of multiple trans-Neptunian systems, observed with Herschel and Spitzer space telescopes. Particularly, statistical analysis is done for radiometric size and geometric albedo, obtained from photometric observations, and for estimated bulk density. Methods. We use Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the real size distribution of TNOs. For this purpose, we expand the dataset of diameters by adopting the Minor Planet Center database list with available values of the absolute magnitude therein, and the albedo distribution derived from Herschel radiometric measurements. We use the 2-sample Anderson-Darling non-parametric statistical method for testing whether two samples of diameters, for binary and single TNOs, come from the same distribution. Additionally, we use the Spearman's coefficient as a measure of rank correlations between parameters. Uncertainties of estimated parameters together with lack of data are taken into account. Conclusions about correlations between parameters are based on statistical hypothesis testing. Results. We have found that the difference in size distributions of multiple and single TNOs is biased by small objects. The test on correlations between parameters shows that the effective diameter of binary TNOs strongly correlates with heliocentric orbital inclination and with magnitude difference between components of binary system. The correlation between diameter and magnitude difference implies that small and large binaries are formed by different mechanisms. Furthermore, the statistical test indicates, although not significant with the sample size, that a moderately strong correlation exists between diameter and bulk density.
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D'Adamo, Giuseppe. "Studio in silico dei meccanismi delle alternans cardiache nei modelli ORd e TNNP." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/17393/.

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Il cardiomiocita è un complesso sistema biologico in cui molti meccanismi interagiscono in maniera non lineare per regolare l'accoppiamento tra eccitazione elettrica e contrazione meccanica. Per questo motivo, lo sviluppo di modelli matematici è fondamentale nel campo dell'elettrofisiologia cardiaca, in cui l'uso di strumenti computazionali è diventato complementare alla sperimentazione classica. L'obiettivo di questo elaborato è stato quello di: 1) effettuare una revisione della letteratura sul tema delle alternans cardiache; 2) effettuare uno studio sperimentale in silico sulle alternans nei modelli di O'Hara-Rudy e di Ten Tusscher-Noble-Noble-Panfilov. Questo ha permesso di svelare le dinamiche molecolari e cellulari coinvolte nella genesi delle alternans, confermando come la modellazione matematica sia un ottimo strumento per lo studio dei meccanismi elettrofisiologici alla base delle aritmie cardiache.
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Pusic, Nastja. "Balancing the interests between TNCs and host developing states : the role of law." Thesis, Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, 2017. http://sas-space.sas.ac.uk/6695/.

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This thesis is focused on examining the lack of balance of interests between transnational corporations (TNCs) and host developing states. It also examines the aspirational differences between the parties vis-à-vis the investment practice(s) over the past few decades and reviews the perception of foreign direct investments (FDIs). The contribution of TNCs has been a heated topic of debates in international circles and policy-makers were unable to find solutions, not for the lack of attempts such as the UN draft codes of conduct on TNCs, the Havana Charter, MAIs and others, but due to gaps in aspirations between the parties, the negotiations were unsuccessful. There were also some successful attempts from the developing states, namely the UN Declaration on Permanent Sovereignty over Natural Resources and the UN Charter on Economic Rights and Duties of States. This revealed the limits of law in regulating the conduct of TNCs in host developing states during the course of foreign investments. Emphasis is given to the capacity building and the system of protection of investments, namely by means of bi-lateral investment treaties (BITs), as well as protecting the interests of both of the parties. International efforts to regulate foreign investments are gaining momentum. Research showed that changes are underway and the re-negotiations clause might be a way forward. It also makes an attempt in understanding the international investment law and increasing frustration with the existing mechanism for settlement of investment disputes, which arises from violations of BITs. It revealed that the role of law is of fundamental importance to offer protection to the investments and to ensure that both parties benefit from such investments, by balancing their interests.
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Oliva, Késsien Regina Sander. "Avaliação da atividade anti-inflamatória intestinal da dieta enriquecida com Hibiscus esculentus L. no modelo de inflamação intestinal induzida por TNBS em ratos." Botucatu, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153476.

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Orientador: Luiz Claudio Di Stasi
Resumo: A Doença Inflamatória Intestinal engloba duas principais doenças sendo elas a Doença de Crohn e a Retocolite Ulcerativa onde ambas se caracterizam por uma inflamação crônica do intestino, com períodos de exacerbação seguidos de intervalos prologados com remissão dos sintomas. Sua etiologia é considerada multifatorial e ainda pouco elucidada. Considerando-se que não existe cura, que os fármacos utilizados são de alto custo, além de apresentarem sérios efeitos colaterais e ainda muitos pacientes não responderem a esses tratamentos disponíveis, a busca por estratégias complementares de prevenção e tratamento dessa doença que combinem eficácia e segurança, como o uso de alimentos funcionais, compostos antioxidantes e compostos bioativos se apresentam como uma perspectiva promissora. Com base nisso, a espécie vegetal Hibiscus esculentus L. conhecida popularmente como quiabo, foi selecionada para o presente estudo com o objetivo de avaliar a atividade anti-inflamatória intestinal das dietas enriquecidas com o fruto no modelo experimental da inflamação intestinal induzida por ácido trinitrobenzenosulfônico em ratos. Para tanto, a farinha dos frutos foi incorporada na dieta de ratos Wistar machos nas concentrações de 5% e de 10% por 28 dias antes e 7 dias após a indução do processo inflamatório intestinal. Os animais foram mortos no 35º dia e seus cólons foram extraídos. Para a caracterização da atividade anti-inflamatória intestinal foram analisados parâmetros macroscópicos (escore,... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Inflammatory Bowel Disease comprises two major diseases, Crohn´s disease and ulcerative colitis where both are characterized by chronic inflammation of the intestine, with periods of exacerbation followed by prolonged intervals with remission of symptoms. This disease is multifactorial with complex and not fully elucidated etiology. Considering that there is no cure and the drugs may cause serious side effects, and many patients do not respond to the available treatments, researches focused on the development of new treatment strategies are important. The pursuit of complementary strategy of prevention and treatment of disease that combine effectiveness and safety, such as the use of functional foods, antioxidant compounds and bioactive compounds if known as a promising perspective. Based on this, a vegetable species Hibiscus esculentus L., populary known as okra, was selected for this study with the objective to evaluate the activity of enriched diet in the experimental model of intestinal inflammation induced by trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid in rats. For this, a fruit flour was incorporated in the diet of male Wistar rats in concentrations of 5% and 10% for 28 days before and 7 days after of induction of intestinal inflammation by TNBS. The animals were killed on the 35th day and their colons were removed. For the characterization of the intestinal antiinflammatory activity, were performed macroscopic studies (score, lesion length, weight ratio length of the colon, occurrenc... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Quaglio, Ana Elisa Valencise [UNESP]. "HSP70, heparanase e HPRT participam da resposta inflamtória intestinal induzida por TNBS em ratos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/91646.

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A Doença Inflamatória Intestinal (DII) engloba, fundamentalmente, duas doenças distintas: a Doença de Crohn (DC) e a Retocolite Ulcerativa (CU), ambas caracterizadas por uma inflamação crônica do intestino, com períodos de exacerbação seguidos de intervalos prolongados de remissão dos sintomas. Apesar da DII ser objeto de pesquisa há várias décadas, a sua etiologia ainda é desconhecida e a principal limitação no entendimento dos mecanismos fisiopatológicos desta doença é a disponibilidade de modelos experimentais adequados que mimetizem o caráter crônico e de recidiva da DII em humanos e que possam ser de baixo custo, reprodutível, fácil de induzir e que apresente características clínicas e histopatológicas, respostas terapêuticas e mediadores inflamatórios similares ao que ocorre com a doença em humanos. Dentre os vários modelos experimentais disponíveis, o modelo de colite induzida por ácido trinitrobenzenosulfônico (TNBS) em ratos tem sido considerado o mais adequado para a avaliação de novos fármacos, assim como aquele que melhor mimetiza esta doença em humanos. Assim sendo, a caracterização do papel de diferentes mediadores do processo inflamatório intestinal neste modelo permitiria a determinação de novos alvos terapêuticos, assim como geraria informações importantes da fisiopatologia desta doença. Neste sentido, o presente projeto teve como objetivo determinar a participação da HSP70, Heparanase e HPRT, mediadores do processo inflamatório intestinal em humanos, na fase aguda do processo inflamatório intestinal induzido TNBS em ratos, assim como estudar os efeitos de fármacos das três principais classes farmacológicas usadas no tratamento da DII em humanos, os aminossalicilatos (sulfassalazina), os glicocorticóides (prednisolona) e os imunomoduladores (azatioprina) sobre esses mediadores. Este estudo demonstrou que HSP70, Heparanase...
The idiopatic inflammatory bowel diseases comprise two types of chronic intestinal disorders: Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis that are characterized by a chronic inflammation of the intestine, with periods of remission and reactivation of the inflammatory process. Although IBD is the subject of research for several decades, its etiology remains unknown, and the major limitation to understanding the IBD pathophysiology is the availability of experimental models that mimic the chronic and relapse of human IBD. Is still important that experimental models can be inexpensive, reproducible, easy to induce and present clinical and histopathological features, therapeutic responses and inflammatory mediators similar to what occurs in humans. Among experimental models available, the model of colitis induced by trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNBS) in rats has been considered the most suitable for the evaluation of new drugs, as well as the one that best mimics the disease in humans. Therefore, the involvement of different IBD mediators in this experimental model would allow the determination of new therapeutic targets, as well as generate important information on the pathophysiology of this disease. In light of this, the aim of present study was to determine the participation of HSP70, Heparanase and HPRT, mediators of intestinal inflammatory process in humans, in acute phase of inflammatory process induced by TNBS in rats, as well as, to study the effects of drugs of the three main classes used in the treatment of human IBD, i.e., aminosalicylates (sulphasalazine), glucocorticoids (prednisolone) and immunomodulators (azathioprine) on these mediators. This study showed that HSP70, Heparanase and HPRT participate as mediators of intestinal inflammation induced by TNBS since these mediators are increased in colitic animals when compared to healthy animals... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Quaglio, Ana Elisa Valencise. "HSP70, heparanase e HPRT participam da resposta inflamtória intestinal induzida por TNBS em ratos /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/91646.

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Orientador: Luiz Claudio Di Stasi
Banca: Marcelo Fabio Gouveia Nogueira
Banca: Alessandra Gambero
Resumo: A Doença Inflamatória Intestinal (DII) engloba, fundamentalmente, duas doenças distintas: a Doença de Crohn (DC) e a Retocolite Ulcerativa (CU), ambas caracterizadas por uma inflamação crônica do intestino, com períodos de exacerbação seguidos de intervalos prolongados de remissão dos sintomas. Apesar da DII ser objeto de pesquisa há várias décadas, a sua etiologia ainda é desconhecida e a principal limitação no entendimento dos mecanismos fisiopatológicos desta doença é a disponibilidade de modelos experimentais adequados que mimetizem o caráter crônico e de recidiva da DII em humanos e que possam ser de baixo custo, reprodutível, fácil de induzir e que apresente características clínicas e histopatológicas, respostas terapêuticas e mediadores inflamatórios similares ao que ocorre com a doença em humanos. Dentre os vários modelos experimentais disponíveis, o modelo de colite induzida por ácido trinitrobenzenosulfônico (TNBS) em ratos tem sido considerado o mais adequado para a avaliação de novos fármacos, assim como aquele que melhor mimetiza esta doença em humanos. Assim sendo, a caracterização do papel de diferentes mediadores do processo inflamatório intestinal neste modelo permitiria a determinação de novos alvos terapêuticos, assim como geraria informações importantes da fisiopatologia desta doença. Neste sentido, o presente projeto teve como objetivo determinar a participação da HSP70, Heparanase e HPRT, mediadores do processo inflamatório intestinal em humanos, na fase aguda do processo inflamatório intestinal induzido TNBS em ratos, assim como estudar os efeitos de fármacos das três principais classes farmacológicas usadas no tratamento da DII em humanos, os aminossalicilatos (sulfassalazina), os glicocorticóides (prednisolona) e os imunomoduladores (azatioprina) sobre esses mediadores. Este estudo demonstrou que HSP70, Heparanase... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The idiopatic inflammatory bowel diseases comprise two types of chronic intestinal disorders: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis that are characterized by a chronic inflammation of the intestine, with periods of remission and reactivation of the inflammatory process. Although IBD is the subject of research for several decades, its etiology remains unknown, and the major limitation to understanding the IBD pathophysiology is the availability of experimental models that mimic the chronic and relapse of human IBD. Is still important that experimental models can be inexpensive, reproducible, easy to induce and present clinical and histopathological features, therapeutic responses and inflammatory mediators similar to what occurs in humans. Among experimental models available, the model of colitis induced by trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNBS) in rats has been considered the most suitable for the evaluation of new drugs, as well as the one that best mimics the disease in humans. Therefore, the involvement of different IBD mediators in this experimental model would allow the determination of new therapeutic targets, as well as generate important information on the pathophysiology of this disease. In light of this, the aim of present study was to determine the participation of HSP70, Heparanase and HPRT, mediators of intestinal inflammatory process in humans, in acute phase of inflammatory process induced by TNBS in rats, as well as, to study the effects of drugs of the three main classes used in the treatment of human IBD, i.e., aminosalicylates (sulphasalazine), glucocorticoids (prednisolone) and immunomodulators (azathioprine) on these mediators. This study showed that HSP70, Heparanase and HPRT participate as mediators of intestinal inflammation induced by TNBS since these mediators are increased in colitic animals when compared to healthy animals... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Roy, Sneha. "QUANTIFYING THE IMPACT OF TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANIES (TNCs) ON TRAFFIC CONGESTION IN SAN FRANCISCO." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/ce_etds/82.

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This research investigates whether Transportation Network Companies (TNCs), such as Uber and Lyft, live up to their stated vision of reducing congestion by complementing transit and reducing car ownership in major cities. The objective of this research study is to answer the question: are TNCs are correlated to traffic congestion in the city of San Francisco? If found to be so, do they increase or decrease traffic congestion for the case of San Francisco? If and how TNC pickups and drop-offs impact traffic congestion within San Francisco? And finally, how does the magnitude of this measured command of TNCs on congestion compare to that caused by pre-existing conventional drivers of traffic and congestion change? Apart from answering these questions, it is also sought to establish a framework to be able to include TNCs, a seemingly fledgling mode of transportation but one that is demonstrably shaping and modifying extant transportation and mode choice trends, as part of the travel demand models estimated by any geographic jurisdiction. Traffic congestion has worsened noticeably in San Francisco and other major cities over the past few years. Part of this change could reasonably be explained by strong economic growth or other standard factors such as road and transit network changes. The sharp increase in travel times and congestion also corresponds to the emergence of TNCs, raising the question of whether the two trends may be related. Existing research has produced conflicting results and been hampered by a lack of data. Using data scraped from the Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) of two TNCs, combined with observed travel time data, this research finds that contrary to their vision, TNCs are the biggest contributor to growing traffic congestion in San Francisco. Between 2010 and 2016, weekday vehicle hours of delay increased by 62%, compared to 22% in a counterfactual 2016 scenario without TNCs. The findings provide insight into expected changes in major cities as TNCs continue to grow, informing decisions about how to integrate TNCs into the existing transportation system. This research also decomposes the contributors to increased congestion in San Francisco between 2010 and 2016, considering contributions from five incremental effects: road and transit network changes, population growth, employment growth, TNC volumes, and the effect of TNC pick-ups and Drop-offs. It is so done through a series of controlled travel demand model runs, supplemented with observed TNC data. The results show that road and transit network changes over this period have only a small effect on congestion, population and employment growth are important contributors, and that TNCs are the biggest contributor to growing congestion over this period, contributing about half of the increase in vehicle hours of delay, and adding to worsening travel time reliability. This research contradicts several studies that suggest TNCs may reduce congestion and adds evidence in support of a recent empirical analysis showing that their net effect is to increase congestion. This research gives transportation planners a better understanding of the causes of growing congestion, allowing them to more effectively craft strategies to mitigate or adapt to it.
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Books on the topic "TNNs"

1

Nachum, L. World market shares of advertising tncs. Cambridge: ESRC Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge, 2000.

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L, Posadas Conchita, and Ibon Databank Phil., Inc. Databank & Research Center., eds. TNCs, in the thick of everything. Sta. Mesa, Manila: IBON Philippines, Databank and Research Center, 1994.

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TNS, the newest profession. New York: W. Morrow, 1985.

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World Wide Fund for Nature. Naratif kesepakatan konservasi desa: Sepuluh desa praimplementasi ICDP-TNKS. Sungai Penuh: World Wide Fund for Nature, 1997.

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Curtis, Terra, Meg Merritt, Carmen Chen, David Perlmutter, Dan Berez, and Buffy Ellis. Partnerships Between Transit Agencies and Transportation Network Companies (TNCs). Washington, D.C.: Transportation Research Board, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/25576.

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Jenifran, Trio. Hadiah purnama dari langit: Ekspedisi Harian Singgalang, Batanghari, dan TNKS. Padang: Harian Singgalang, 2009.

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Nachum, L. The impact of home countries on the competitiveness of advertising TNCS. Cambridge: ESRC Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge, 1999.

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Wojciszke, Bogdan. Psychologia mi¿os ci: Intymnos c , namie ·tnos c , zaangaz owanie. 4th ed. Gdan sk: Gdan skie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne, 2006.

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Belik, A. A. Lichnost £, kul £tura, e tnos: Sovremennai Ła psikhologicheskai Ła antropologii Ła. Moskva: Smysl, 2001.

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Pesticide Action Network (Group). Asia and the Pacific, ed. Ruined lives-- ravaged livelihoods: Impact of agrochemical TNCs on rural women. Penang, Malaysia: Pesticide Action Network Asia & the Pacific, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "TNNs"

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Smith, James E. "Connecting TNNs with Biology." In Space-Time Computing with Temporal Neural Networks, 81–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01754-4_4.

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Degen, Martin, and Richard P. Tucker. "Tenascin-W (Tnn, TNN)." In Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules, 5366–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67199-4_101623.

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Degen, Martin, and Richard P. Tucker. "Tenascin-W (Tnn, TNN)." In Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules, 1–7. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6438-9_101623-1.

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Fabe, Amparo Pamela H. "Transnational Corporations (TNCs)." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Global Security Studies, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74336-3_363-1.

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Herkenrath, Mark. "TNCs in der Weltwirtschaft." In Transnationale Konzerne im Weltsystem, 29–42. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-80473-0_3.

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Fischer, Paul. "TNCs as Global Investors." In Foreign Direct Investment in Russia, 116–41. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333977590_5.

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Watanabe, Akira. "TNS → AGR-S → COMP." In Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 24–63. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8615-3_2.

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Lall, Sanjaya. "TNCs: The New Custodians of Development?" In Global Development Fifty Years after Bretton Woods, 169–91. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25570-2_9.

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Watanabe, Akira. "V → AGR-O → TNS/ASP." In Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 64–169. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8615-3_3.

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Curbach, Janina. "Globale Regulierung und gesellschaftliche Einbettung von TNCs." In Die Corporate-Social-Responsibility-Bewegung, 55–66. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-91862-4_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "TNNs"

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Nair, Harideep, Prabhu Vellaisamy, Santha Bhasuthkar, and John Paul Shen. "TNN7: A Custom Macro Suite for Implementing Highly Optimized Designs of Neuromorphic TNNs." In 2022 IEEE Computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI (ISVLSI). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isvlsi54635.2022.00039.

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Seneviratne, Sandaru, Sergio J. Rodríguez Méndez, Xuecheng Zhang, Pouya G. Omran, Kerry Taylor, and Armin Haller. "TNNT." In K-CAP '21: Knowledge Capture Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3460210.3493550.

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Fournier-Viger, Philippe, and Vincent S. Tseng. "TNS." In the 28th Annual ACM Symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2480362.2480395.

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Demin, Vladimir F., and Vyacheslav P. Kuznetsov. "Issues of Insurance of Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage From Nuclear Low Power Plants." In ASME 2014 Small Modular Reactors Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smr2014-3348.

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In the frame of economic analysis of nuclear power (NP) with SMRs in their total life cycle the expert analysis of the problems associated with the civil liability for nuclear damage from SMRs on the example of transportable nuclear power units (TNUs) was performed. Purpose of the analysis is as follows: • Assessment of NP’ safety and economy changes in its development based on TNUs with KLT-40S and partly with RITM-200M reactor units. • Work out of recommendations on this development’ direction in terms of the insurance approach justification and amount of compensation for nuclear damage. The following aspects were considered in the analysis: 1. National and international approaches and practice of nuclear insurance. 2. Specific features of TNUs and differences from large NPPs basing on example of the design of floating power unit FPU “Academician Lomonosov” with KLT-40S reactors. 3. Assessment of severe accident consequences during TNU’ life cycle. 4. Analysis of insurances’ approaches and assessment of possible insurance costs.
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Зверев, Григорий Дмитриевич, and Людмила Ивановна Кругляк. "TRANSFORMING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY SYSTEM OF TNCS." In Поколение будущего: сборник избранных статей Международной студенческой научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Январь 2021). Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/pb189.2021.35.11.003.

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В статье приводится понятие экономической безопасности транснациональных компаний (ТНК) и направление ее трансформирования. Показаны особенности функционирования ТНК в современном мировом пространстве в сложных финансовых условиях. Определены основные направления трансформации, вызванные всеобщей цивилизацией и ростом научно-технического прогресса. The article presents the concept of economic security of multinational companies (TNCs) and the direction of its transformation. The features of the functioning of TNCs in the modern world space in difficult financial conditions are shown. The main directions of transformation caused by universal civilization and the growth of scientific and technological progress are determined.
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Yang, Changeun, Pujana Paliyawan, Tomohiro Harada, and Ruck Thawonmas. "Blow Up Depression with In-Game TNTs." In 2018 IEEE 7th Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gcce.2018.8574626.

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Yang, Qiang. "Research on Smart Nuclear Power Construction Based on Digitalization and System Engineering in TNPS." In 2022 29th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone29-91570.

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Abstract In order to solve the digital transformation problems faced by Jiangsu Nuclear Power Station (TNPS) under the complex situation, and to benchmark advanced enterprises to improve the current digitalization level, TNPS established a special organization to carry out the V-type system construction method which covers user needs, functional requirements, architecture design, detailed design, code implementation, unit testing, integration testing, system testing, acceptance testing, etc. TNPS is carrying out the top-level design and application implementation of intelligent station, support platform and network construction and existing information systems based on the foundation functional and digital transformation, smart application and decision-making platform construction as the main body of the smart power plant implementation plan, and combed the application scenarios from the four dimensions of “personnel, equipment, environment, and operation”, and introduced smart nuclear power using smart construction sites and smart outage as examples Implementation content and solutions for typical applications. This work has advanced design and complete system, which has certain reference significance for nuclear power enterprises to carry out digital and intelligent transformation.
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Kang, HyungGyoo, Jon Nagy, Bryon Upton, Racheal Upton, Timothy Triche, and Timothy Triche. "Abstract 312: Targeted NanoSpheres (TNS)." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2021; April 10-15, 2021 and May 17-21, 2021; Philadelphia, PA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2021-312.

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Kwiatkowski, Tomasz. "Physical characterization of TNOs by low resolution spectroscopy." In STELLAR ASTROPHYSICS WITH THE WORLD'S LARGEST TELESCOPES: First International Workshop on Stellar Astrophysics with the World's Largest Telescopes. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1893333.

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Li, Jiajia, Chen Qiao, Kai Ren, Jian Chen, and Hanfeng Fang. "Biomarkers Selection based on FS-TNNR in Schizophrenia." In ICBBT '21: 2021 13th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Technology. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3473258.3473276.

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Reports on the topic "TNNs"

1

Zhang, Y., R. Touzi, W. Feng, G. Hong, T. C. Lantz, and S. V. Kokelj. A multisite dataset of near-surface soil temperature, active-layer thickness, and soil and vegetation conditions measured in northwestern Canada, 2016-2017. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329207.

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Quantifying and understanding spatial variation in permafrost conditions at the landscape-scale is important for land use planning and assessing the impacts of permafrost thaw. This report documents detailed field data observed at 110 sites in two areas in northwestern Canada from 2016 to 2017. One area is a northern boreal landscape near Inuvik and the other is a tundra landscape near Tuktoyaktuk. The observations include near-surface soil temperatures (Tnss) at 107 sites, and active-layer thickness, soil and vegetation conditions at 110 sites. The data set includes the original Tnss records, the calculated daily, monthly, and annual averages of Tnss, soil and vegetation conditions at these sites, and photographs taken in the field. This data set will be useful for understanding the spatial heterogeneity of permafrost and validating modelling and mapping products.
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Bedoya-Maya, Felipe, Lynn Scholl, Orlando Sabogal-Cardona, and Daniel Oviedo. Who uses Transport Network Companies?: Characterization of Demand and its Relationship with Public Transit in Medellín. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003621.

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Transport Network Companies (TNCs) have become a popular alternative for mobility due to their ability to provide on-demand flexible mobility services. By offering smartphone-based, ride-hailing services capable of satisfying specific travel needs, these modes have transformed urban mobility worldwide. However, to-date, few studies have examined the impacts in the Latin American context. This analysis is a critical first step in developing policies to promote efficient and sustainable transport systems in the Latin-American region. This research examines the factors affecting the adoption of on-demand ride services in Medellín, Colombia. It also explores whether these are substituting or competing with public transit. First, it provides a descriptive analysis in which we relate the usage of platform-based services with neighborhood characteristics, socioeconomic information of individuals and families, and trip-level details. Next, factors contributing to the election of platform-based services modeled using discrete choice models. The results show that wealthy and highly educated families with low vehicle availability are more likely to use TNCs compared to other groups in Medellín. Evidence also points at gender effects, with being female significantly increasing the probability of using a TNC service. Finally, we observe both transit complementary and substitution patterns of use, depending on the context and by whom the service is requested.
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Scholl, Lynn, Daniel Oviedo, and Orlando Sabogal-Cardona. Disrupting Personal (In)Security? The Role of Ride-Hailing Service Features, Commute Strategies, and Gender in Mexico City. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003812.

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This paper sheds light on the personal security dimension of ride-hailing from a gender perspective. We explore how features of Transportation Network Companies (TNCs) services affect riders perceptions of security when commuting in ride-hailing services, and how general perceptions of fear of crime shape the way people value such features. Moreover, we analyze the strategies women and men are using to enhance their own security in ride-hailing and factors influencing these strategies. We conducted a survey of users of the TNC DiDi in Mexico City. The statistical methods used are structural equation models SEM and ordered logit models OLOGIT. Results show that women are more likely to value the information made available by ride-hailing applications (e.g., knowing your location or knowing driver information) and the presence of a panic button. The value given to information also increases if a person feels insecure in the streets, in a public transit station or in public transit. People who perceive higher insecurity in the streets have increased positive perceptions of the possibility of travelling without transfers. We also find that women are 64.4% less likely to share ride-hailing trips (pooling) and 2.14 times more likely to share details of their trips through their cellphones.
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G.S., Sindemo, and Sufo-Kankeu R. Forêt communautaire et agroforesterie pour le stockage du carbone et l'adaptation au changement climatique dans la TNS (CAPV_2C). Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.17528/cifor/005063.

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