Journal articles: 'TMD PDF'

1

Mrabet, Elyes, Mohamed Guedri, Mohamed Najib Ichchou, Samir Ghanmi, and Mohamed Soula. "A new reliability based optimization of tuned mass damper parameters using energy approach." Journal of Vibration and Control 24, no. 1 (March 9, 2016): 153–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546316636361.

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In this work a reliability based optimization (RBO) strategy of Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) parameters is presented. The strategy is based on an energetic approach. The strategy consists to optimize the TMD parameters so that we minimize the failure probability (objective function) characterized by the exceedence of the power dissipated in the primary structure of a certain threshold value during some interval time. The evaluation of the objective function is carried out using the classical Rice’s formula. The strategy is, firstly, applied to linear single-degree of freedom (SDOF) system, subjected to seismic motion, and then extended to linear multi-degree of freedom (MDOF) system. The use of the Rice’s formula requires the knowledge of the joint probability density function (PDF) of the considered processes; to this end, exact expression of the joint PDF is presented for the SDOF system and an approximation is presented for the evaluation of the failure probabilities for the MDOF system. By making use of the obtained joint PDF, for the SDOF system, as the a priori joint PDF, the approximation of the joint PDF, for the MDOF system, has been performed using the Minimum cross-entropy method (MinxEnt). To highlight the good effectiveness of the proposed strategy, a ten-story shear building, subjected to different earthquakes, is considered. The obtained results are compared with other from literature, and it has been shown the superiority of the proposed strategy.

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Hosseinkhani, H., M. Modarres, and N. Olanj. "Transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions generated in the modified DGLAP formalism based on the valence-like distributions." International Journal of Modern Physics A 32, no. 19n20 (July 12, 2017): 1750121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x17501214.

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Transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distributions, also referred to as unintegrated parton distribution functions (UPDFs), are produced via the Kimber–Martin–Ryskin (KMR) prescription. The GJR08 set of parton distribution functions (PDFs) which are based on the valence-like distributions is used, at the leading order (LO) and the next-to-leading order (NLO) approximations, as inputs of the KMR formalism. The general and the relative behaviors of the generated TMD PDFs at LO and NLO and their ratios in a wide range of the transverse momentum values, i.e. [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are investigated. It is shown that the properties of the parent valence-like PDFs are imprinted on the daughter TMD PDFs. Imposing the angular ordering constraint (AOC) leads to the dynamical variable limits on the integrals which in turn increase the contributions from the lower scales at lower [Formula: see text]. The results are compared with our previous studies based on the MSTW2008 input PDFs and it is shown that the present calculation gives flatter TMD PDFs. Finally, a comparison of longitudinal structure function [Formula: see text] is made by using the produced TMD PDFs and those that were generated through the MSTW2008-LO PDF from our previous work and the corresponding data from H1 and ZEUS collaborations and a reasonable agreement is found.

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Choudhury, D. K., and Baishali Saikia. "Parton Distribution Functions and models of proton structure functions with self-similarity." International Journal of Modern Physics A 31, no. 34 (December 6, 2016): 1650176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x16501761.

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Sometime back, a self-similarity based model of the proton structure function at small [Formula: see text] was proposed by Lastovicka. We make reanalysis of this model with most recent HERA data. No significance difference with the earlier analysis is found. Both the analyses have singularity within the kinematical range of [Formula: see text]: [Formula: see text]. We therefore study the model with the additional assumption that it should be singularity free, imposing positivity conditions on the model parameters. This results in a new model which is, however, phenomenologically valid only in a limited low [Formula: see text] range. We therefore make further generalization of the defining self-similar unintegrated Parton Density Function (uPDF) and show that the with proper generalizations and initial conditions on them not only remove the undesired singularity but also results in a structure function with logarithmic growth in [Formula: see text] closer to QCD. The phenomenological range of validity is then found to be much larger than the earlier versions. We also extrapolate the models to large [Formula: see text] in a parameter-free way. The possibility of incorporation of Transverse Momentum Dependent (TMD) PDF in this approach is explored as well.

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4

Mulders, P. J., and M. G. A. Buffing. "Wilson Lines off the Light-Cone in TMD PDFs." Few-Body Systems 55, no. 5-7 (March 9, 2014): 275–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00601-014-0843-1.

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5

TAMBORLANE, WILLIAM V., PEIYAO CHENG, ROBIN L. GAL, CRAIG KOLLMAN, MICHELLE A. VAN NAME, JANE L. LYNCH, and BRYCE A. NELSON. "T1D and T2D Youth in the Pediatric Diabetes Consortium (PDC) Registries—Comparing Clinical Characteristics and Glycemic Control." Diabetes 67, Supplement 1 (May 2018): 1340—P. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db18-1340-p.

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Teh, Jun Liang, and Anthony Yuen Bun Teoh. "Techniques and Outcomes of Endoscopic Ultrasound Guided—Pancreatic Duct Drainage (EUS- PDD)." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 4 (February 17, 2023): 1626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12041626.

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Endoscopic ultrasound guided—pancreatic duct drainage (EUS- PDD) is one of the most technically challenging procedures for the interventional endoscopist. The most common indications for EUS- PDD are patients with main pancreatic duct obstruction who have failed conventional endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) drainage or those with surgically altered anatomy. EUS- PDD can be performed via two approaches: the EUS-rendezvous (EUS- RV) or the EUS-transmural drainage (TMD) techniques. The purpose of this review is to provide an updated review of the techniques and equipment available for EUS- PDD and the outcomes of EUS- PDD reported in the literature. Recent developments and future directions surrounding the procedure will also be discussed.

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Pernkopf, D. G., G. Untergasser, P. Berger, and E. Plas. "Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors reduce in vitro proliferation of prostate primary cells but do not interfere with growth of prostate carcinoma cell lines." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 14604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.14604.

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14604 Background: PDE 5 is highly expressed in cavernosal and prostatic tissue. The mechanism of PDE-5 inhibitors on cavernosal tissue is well established but the effects of PDE-5 inhibitors on prostatic cells are unknown. The aim of this study was to analyze in vitro effects of PDE-5 inhibitors on prostate primary cells, fibroblasts (PrSC), basal epithelial cells (PrEC) and prostate cancer cell lines. Methods: Cultivated PrEC and PrSC, immortalized BPH cells (BPH 1), androgen dependent (LNCaP) and androgen independent (PC3) prostate carcinoma cell lines were exposed to increasing concentrations of commercially available PDE 5 inhibitors Sildenafil (Sil), Tadalafil (Tad), Vardenafil (Var). After incubation for 3 days cell viability was determined by a WST-1 assay (Roche-Biochemicals). Cells were evaluated morphologically by invert-light microscopy. PDE-5 protein concentrations were determined by western blot analyses and tissue distribution of PDE-5 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) with a polyclonal antiserum. Results: None of the PDE-5 inhibitors induced cell proliferation. Significant decreases in proliferation and viability were observed at high concentrations (1 mg/ml) of all substances in PrSC and PrEC. In PrSC, proliferation rate decreased to 37.7% in Sil, to 16.9% in Tad and to 63.7% for Var as compared to controls. In PrEC, proliferation decreased to 72.7%, 21.6% and 84.4% for Sil, Tad and Var, respectively. At 0.1 mg/ml only Tad reduced proliferation significantly to 57.4%. Moreover, Tad induced neuroendocrine-like morphology in some PrEC. High protein concentrations of PDE 5 were observed in PrEC, low concentrations in PrSC but none in cancer cells. Conclusions: Sil, Tad and Var inhibit proliferation of prostate primary cells in vitro. Tad showed highest inhibition. Tumor cells were insensitive to PDE-5 inhibitors, due to the lack of PDE-5 protein. It seems unlikely that any of these substances increases proliferation of prostate carcinoma. Tad induced neuroendocrine-like morphology in some basal PrEC indicating effects on cellular differentiation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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BUDIMAN, Harry, and Oman ZUAS. "VALIDATION OF ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF HIGH LEVEL CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) IN NITROGEN GAS (N2) MATRIX USING GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY DETECTOR." Periódico Tchê Química 12, no. 24 (August 20, 2015): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v12.n24.2015.7_p_24_pgs_7_16.pdf.

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High accurate result of carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement is of great importance since the result (data) is used as the foundation for decision making related to regulated monitoring program and law enforcement. In this study, therefore, method for measurement of high level of carbon dioxide (CO2) in nitrogen (N2) matrix using gas chromatography thermal conductivity detector (GC-TCD) was validated to achieve the optimum performance of the method. For this purposes, identity confirmation, selectivity, limit of detection (LoD), limit of quantitation (LoQ), repeatability, reproducibility, accuracy, and linearity of the method were evaluated. The result shows that the GC-TCD method has good precision in term of repeatability and reproducibility having values of 0.07 and 0.37%, respectively. No bias of the method can be found and an excellent linearity of the method was obtained in the range of 2 - 13.97% mol/mol. Thus, based on the result evaluation under given criteria of this study, it can be concluded that the GC-TCD method is reliable and suitable for determination of high level of CO2 in N2 matrix.

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9

Starobinski, D., A. Trachtenberg, and S. Agarwal. "Efficient PDA synchronization." IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2, no. 1 (January 2003): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmc.2003.1195150.

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10

Dey, Sonjoy, Shakir Bin Mujib, and Gurpreet Singh. "Enhanced Li-Ion Rate Capability and Stable Efficiency Enabled by MoSe2 Nanosheets in Polymer-Derived Silicon Oxycarbide Fiber Electrodes." Nanomaterials 12, no. 3 (February 6, 2022): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12030553.

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Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) such as MoSe2 have continued to generate interest in the engineering community because of their unique layered morphology—the strong in-plane chemical bonding between transition metal atoms sandwiched between two chalcogen atoms and the weak physical attraction between adjacent TMD layers provides them with not only chemical versatility but also a range of electronic, optical, and chemical properties that can be unlocked upon exfoliation into individual TMD layers. Such a layered morphology is particularly suitable for ion intercalation as well as for conversion chemistry with alkali metal ions for electrochemical energy storage applications. Nonetheless, host of issues including fast capacity decay arising due to volume changes and from TMD’s degradation reaction with electrolyte at low discharge potentials have restricted use in commercial batteries. One approach to overcome barriers associated with TMDs’ chemical stability functionalization of TMD surfaces by chemically robust precursor-derived ceramics or PDC materials, such as silicon oxycarbide (SiOC). SiOC-functionalized TMDs have shown to curb capacity degradation in TMD and improve long term cycling as Li-ion battery (LIBs) electrodes. Herein, we report synthesis of such a composite in which MoSe2 nanosheets are in SiOC matrix in a self-standing fiber mat configuration. This was achieved via electrospinning of TMD nanosheets suspended in pre-ceramic polymer followed by high temperature pyrolysis. Morphology and chemical composition of synthesized material was established by use of electron microscopy and spectroscopic technique. When tested as LIB electrode, the SiOC/MoSe2 fiber mats showed improved cycling stability over neat MoSe2 and neat SiOC electrodes. The freestanding composite electrode delivered a high charge capacity of 586 mAh g−1electrode with an initial coulombic efficiency of 58%. The composite electrode also showed good cycling stability over SiOC fiber mat electrode for over 100 cycles.

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UTYUZH, Anatoly S., Alexey V. YUMASHEV, Esenali I. ISAKOV, Alexey L. MAKAROV, and Elena A. MATVEEVA. "DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY PERIODONTAL DISEASES." Periódico Tchê Química 17, no. 34 (March 20, 2020): 343–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v17.n34.2020.360_p34_pgs_343_351.pdf.

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Untimely diagnosis of the oral cavity leads to an underlying periodontal inflammation. Therefore, it was raised an issue of psychological correction in patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases where it was observed the role of mental state and the importance of the addition of this therapeutic component to a comprehensive program for the treatment of patients in dental clinics is emphasized. The study consisted of two stages: diagnostic and therapeutic. The first stage included 76 patients who needed an examination to detect periodontal inflammation; these patients were examined using the Fluorit-4S therapeutic and diagnostic device (TDD). The second stage of the study included 28 patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases. Patients of the study group (14 people) received treatment using a mesodiencephalic modulation method (MDM-therapy). It was proved the possibility of earlier detection of periodontal inflammation (even at the level of a "latent" process) using the Fluorit-4S device. Higher therapeutic efficacy of comprehensive dental treatment in patients with periodontal inflammation using the Fluorit-4S TDD and MDM-therapy was proved compared to standard therapeutic strategy in terms of more evident reduction in local discomfort (by 0.5 points compared to the control group), more significant decrease in the PMA index (an index that measures the presence or absence of gingival inflammation as occurring on the papillae or the marginal or attached gingivae) (by 0.9% compared to the control group), fuller elimination of the pathological focus, as well as a complete normalization of the emotional state. The use of the Fluorit-4S TDD in dental practice allows dentists to study the affected tissues more closely, resulting in objective conclusions on the pathological processes in the oral mucosa and, accordingly, the selection of adequate therapeutic strategies for individual clinical cases.

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Salcius, Michael, Andras J. Bauer, Qin Hao, Shu Li, Antonin Tutter, Jacob Raphael, Wolfgang Jahnke, et al. "SEC-TID." Journal of Biomolecular Screening 19, no. 6 (February 19, 2014): 917–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057114522691.

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Bioactive small molecules are an invaluable source of therapeutics and chemical probes for exploring biological pathways. Yet, significant hurdles in drug discovery often come from lacking a comprehensive view of the target(s) for both early tool molecules and even late-stage drugs. To address this challenge, a method is provided that allows for assessing the interactions of small molecules with thousands of targets without any need to modify the small molecule of interest or attach any component to a surface. We describe size-exclusion chromatography for target identification (SEC-TID), a method for accurately and reproducibly detecting ligand-macromolecular interactions for small molecules targeting nucleic acid and several protein classes. We report the use of SEC-TID, with a library consisting of approximately 1000 purified proteins derived from the protein databank (PDB), to identify the efficacy targets tankyrase 1 and 2 for the Wnt inhibitor XAV939. In addition, we report novel interactions for the tumor-vascular disrupting agent vadimezan/ASA404 (interacting with farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase) and the diuretic mefruside (interacting with carbonic anhydrase XIII). We believe this method can dramatically enhance our understanding of the mechanism of action and potential liabilities for small molecules in drug discovery pipelines through comprehensive profiling of candidate druggable targets.

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Hodneland, Erlend, Xue-Cheng Tai, and Henrik Kalisch. "PDE Based Algorithms for Smooth Watersheds." IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 35, no. 4 (April 2016): 957–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2015.2503328.

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14

Han, Lihua, Tiange Li, Min Du, Rui Chang, Biyuan Zhan, and Xueying Mao. "Beneficial Effects of Potentilla discolor Bunge Water Extract on Inflammatory Cytokines Release and Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet and Streptozotocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Mice." Nutrients 11, no. 3 (March 20, 2019): 670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11030670.

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Potentilla discolor Bunge (PDB), a perennial herb, has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine in the therapy of many diseases. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of PDB water extract on systemic inflammation and gut microbiota in type 2 diabetic (T2D) mice induced by high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) injection. C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a normal diet (ND) group, T2D group, and PDB group (diabetic mice treated with PDB water extract at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight). Results showed that PDB significantly decreased the levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum. Further investigation showed that PDB significantly reduced the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in fecal samples of diabetic mice. In addition, PDB notably alleviated intestinal inflammation as evidenced by decreased expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and inflammatory cytokines. PDB also reversed the decreased expression of intestinal mucosal tight junction proteins including Claudin3, ZO-1, and Occludin. Meanwhile, the levels of fecal acetic acid and butyric acid and their specific receptors including G-protein-coupled receptor (GPR) 41 and 43 expression in the colon were also increased after PDB treatment. Our results indicated that PDB might serve as a potential functional ingredient against diabetes and related inflammation.

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Dorovskikh, S. I., E. A. Bykova, N. V. Kuratieva, L. N. Zelenina, Yu V. Shubin, N. B. Morozova, and I. K. Igumenov. "Synthesis, crystal structures and thermal behavior of Ni(pda)(hfac)2 and Ni(pda)(thd)2 as potential MOCVD precursors (pda-1,3-diaminopropane, hfac-1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2,4-pentanedionato(-), thd-2,2,6,6-tetrametyl-3,5-heptanedionato(-))." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 698 (February 2012): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2011.10.020.

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Suwannasaen, Duangchan, Jerill Thrope, Carla Greenbaum, and Sarah Alice Long. "Immune regulatory receptors expressed on NK cells in type 1 diabetes." Journal of Immunology 196, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2016): 124.50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.124.50.

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Abstract Auto-reactive T cells specific to islet antigens contribute to the onset of type 1 diabetes (T1D), yet NK cells may also play a role in disease onset and progression. Mouse models suggest a dual role for NK cells in disease onset and progression while human studies have found deficiencies in NK number and function. However, human studies are confounded by variability in cohorts (pre-T1D, recent onset, long-standing T1D) and more phenotypic and functional analysis as has been performed in murine studies. In our initial studies, we characterized activation and inhibitory markers on NK cells of longstanding T1D (n=5) as compared to healthy controls (n=6). NK cells from the same sample were then compared to known T cell phenotypes. PBMC were analyzed by flow cytometry for markers of T and NK cells (CD45RA, CCR7, CD56, CD4 and CD8), immune regulation (PD1, KLRG1, TIGIT and CD57) and activation (CD69 and CD25). Results showed that there was a significant elevation of T cells but a decrease of NK subsets (CD56dim and bright) in T1D compared to healthy controls. Both CD57+ and CD57+TIGIT+ NK cells were significantly reduced in T1D, implying a more immature and less regulatory phenotype or more activated phenotype. In the same subjects, both CD4 and CD8 memory T cell populations expressing PD1 were significantly lower in T1D than in healthy controls. Moreover, the CD8 EMRA (CCR7− CD45RA+) T cells exhibited decreased KLRG1, TIGIT and CD57 expression. Taken together, these findings revealed a skewing of NK cell subsets in T1D. Further functional characterization of both NK and T cells in the same sample may lead to identification of biomarkers for T1D.

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Yezzi, A. J., and J. L. Prince. "An eulerian pde approach for computing tissue thickness." IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 22, no. 10 (October 2003): 1332–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2003.817775.

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18

Lyulyov, Oleksii. "Impact of state finance on macroeconomic stability of Ukraine." Public and Municipal Finance 6, no. 3 (November 22, 2017): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/pmf.06(3).2017.02.

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According to reports data of the International Institute of Management Development (IMD) and World Economic Forum (WEF), contries’ competitiveness tendencies were defined: rate of global competitiveness index remains lower than the rate, achieved before the global financial and economic crisis, non-linear distribution of benefits from economic growth between EU countries, Ukrainian rating falling by macroeconomic stability by 21 points in 2017 in comparison with 2018. It is not unexpected that realization of countries’ policy concerning their competitiveness growth requires some cost. Thus, author supposes that it is important to study key aspects of state finance, which can have great impact on the international competitiveness and solve the country’s macroeconomic stability problem. This paper shows results of author’s own research, carried out using methodic tools of scientists Ahvaz Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran Abdolmajid Ahangari and Aziz Arman. It is based on evaluation of instability time rows of four economic variables of inflation (TINF), the ratio of budget deficit on growth domestic product (GDP) (TBD), foreign debt on GDP (TFD) and exchange rate deviation from the previous period (TRO) and calculation of macroeconomic instability index on their base MIItn. Research showed that all variables of macroeconomic instability index MIItn have a positive correlation; therefore, subindex of inflation rate instability and subindex of exchange rate to the previous period have the largest impact on the macroeconomic instability index MIItn .

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Yaghmour, M. A., T. L. Nguyen, T. V. Roubtsova, J. K. Hasey, E. J. Fichtner, C. DeBuse, S. J. Seybold, and R. M. Bostock. "First Report of Geosmithia morbida on English Walnut and its Paradox Rootstock in California." Plant Disease 98, no. 10 (October 2014): 1441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-06-14-0569-pdn.

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Geosmithia morbida, the causal agent of thousand cankers disease (TCD), is vectored by the walnut twig beetle (WTB), Pityophthorus juglandis, causing decline in eastern black walnut, Juglans nigra (4), and canker development on many Juglans species (5). In the summer of 2012, a survey for TCD incidence in English walnut, J. regia, in orchards in California identified many trees with WTB activity and characteristic TCD symptoms. Both the J. regia scion and its Paradox hybrid rootstock (J. hindsii× J. regia) were affected. In some cases, trees exhibited bleeding on the bark surface from WTB entrance holes. Removal of the outer bark revealed cankers in the phloem around the WTB galleries. Two samples were taken from scions and three samples were collected from rootstocks of trees in orchards in northern California. Pieces (~3 to 4 mm2) of symptomatic tissue were placed in acidified potato dextrose agar (APDA), and the plates were incubated for 4 to 5 days at 30°C. Samples exhibiting fungal growth similar in morphology to G. morbida were transferred to PDA plates to obtain pure cultures and then processed to obtain single-spore cultures. Culture morphology for five single-spore isolates (Gm103, Gm104, Gm105, Gm107, and Gm108) was similar to that described by Kolařík et al. (4) for G. morbida. Conidiophores were penicillate and verrucose. Conidia were narrowly cylindrical, 5.2 ± 0.06 × 2.2 ± 0.04 μm (n = 50). Single-spore isolates were then grown in 1% yeast extract glucose liquid culture for 7 to 10 days. DNA was extracted and the ITS region was amplified, including the 5.8S region by using primers ITS1F/ITS4. Sequences were assembled and deposited in GenBank under accessions KJ664793 to KJ664797. Sequences were compared to those in GenBank; all sequences matched (99 to 100% identity) the ITS sequences of G. morbida strain CBS 124663. Pathogenicity tests were performed on 28-cm-long detached branches of J. regia. Four branches per isolate were inoculated with a 5-mm-diameter mycelial plug from a 2-week-old culture. Branches were incubated at room temperature (23 ± 2°C) in a humidified container for 3 weeks, and then canker lengths were measured. Pieces of the cankered area were placed in APDA and incubated as described above with G. morbida re-isolated from the cankers for all of the isolates, completing Koch's postulates. Average canker lengths ranged from 48.6 ± 4.3 to 72.1 ± 7.1 mm. Re-isolated G. morbida exhibited the same growth and reproductive structure morphology in culture on PDA as the original cultures. TCD in association with WTB has been observed in California English walnut orchards since 2008 (1,2,3). However, this is the first report for completion of Koch's postulates and morphological and molecular confirmation of G. morbida in J. regia and the Paradox rootstock, the predominant rootstock used in commercial orchards. TCD is a concern to the walnut industry in California with over 245,000 bearing acres reported in 2012. References: (1) M. Flint et al. CAPCA Adviser 8:36, 2010. (2) A. D. Graves et al. Walnut Twig Beetle and Thousand Cankers Disease: Field Identification Guide. UC-IPM website publication, http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PDF/MISC/thousand_cankers_field_guide.pdf , 2009. (3) J. Hasey et al. (Abstr.) Phytopathology 100:S48, 2010. (4) M. Kolařík et al. Mycologia 103:325, 2011. (5) C. Utley et al. Plant Dis. 97:601, 2013.

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Xie, Yan, Yunjiang Feng, Angela Di Capua, Tin Mak, Garry W. Buchko, Peter J. Myler, Miaomiao Liu, and Ronald J. Quinn. "A Phenotarget Approach for Identifying an Alkaloid Interacting with the Tuberculosis Protein Rv1466." Marine Drugs 18, no. 3 (March 5, 2020): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md18030149.

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In recent years, there has been a revival of interest in phenotypic-based drug discovery (PDD) due to target-based drug discovery (TDD) falling below expectations. Both PDD and TDD have their unique advantages and should be used as complementary methods in drug discovery. The PhenoTarget approach combines the strengths of the PDD and TDD approaches. Phenotypic screening is conducted initially to detect cellular active components and the hits are then screened against a panel of putative targets. This PhenoTarget protocol can be equally applied to pure compound libraries as well as natural product fractions. Here we described the use of the PhenoTarget approach to identify an anti-tuberculosis lead compound. Fractions from Polycarpa aurata were identified with activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. Native magnetic resonance mass spectrometry (MRMS) against a panel of 37 proteins from Mycobacterium proteomes showed that a fraction from a 95% ethanol re-extraction specifically formed a protein-ligand complex with Rv1466, a putative uncharacterized Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein. The natural product responsible was isolated and characterized to be polycarpine. The molecular weight of the ligand bound to Rv1466, 233 Da, was half the molecular weight of polycarpine less one proton, indicating that polycarpine formed a covalent bond with Rv1466.

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Dey, Sonjoy, and Gurpreet Singh. "WS2 Nanosheet Loaded Silicon-Oxycarbide Electrode for Sodium and Potassium Batteries." Nanomaterials 12, no. 23 (November 25, 2022): 4185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12234185.

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Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) such as the WS2 have been widely studied as potential electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIB) owing to TMDs’ layered morphology and reversible conversion reaction with the alkali metals between 0 to 2 V (v/s Li/Li+) potentials. However, works involving TMD materials as electrodes for sodium- (NIBs) and potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) are relatively few, mainly due to poor electrode performance arising from significant volume changes and pulverization by the larger size alkali-metal ions. Here, we show that Na+ and K+ cyclability in WS2 TMD is improved by introducing WS2 nanosheets in a chemically and mechanically robust matrix comprising precursor-derived ceramic (PDC) silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) material. The WS2/SiOC composite in fibermat morphology was achieved via electrospinning followed by thermolysis of a polymer solution consisting of a polysiloxane (precursor to SiOC) dispersed with exfoliated WS2 nanosheets. The composite electrode was successfully tested in Na-ion and K-ion half-cells as a working electrode, which rendered the first cycle charge capacity of 474.88 mAh g−1 and 218.91 mAh g−1, respectively. The synergistic effect of the composite electrode leads to higher capacity and improved coulombic efficiency compared to the neat WS2 and neat SiOC materials in these cells.

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Thabit, Hammam Abdurabu, Norlaili A. Kabir, Abd Khamim Ismail, and Muneer Aziz Saleh. "Dosimetric characteristics investigation of ZnO/Ag/ZnO multilayer film for radiation applications." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2411, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2411/1/012008.

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Abstract The dosimetric properties of synthetic ZnO/Ag/ZnO multilayer film are investigated. The proposed dosimeter was prepared by radio frequency and direct current RF/DC sputtering and irradiated with X-ray doses up to 4 Gy. The properties of thermoluminescence (TL) such as glow curve, dose-response, homogeneity batches, sensitivity, minimum detectable dose (MMD), precision, kinetic parameters (activation energy E, frequency factor S), and percentage depth dose (PDD) were studied. The thin film appeared to have an excellent linear response, and the sensitivity was almost twice the commercial TLD. The readout of the homogeneity and PDD are the same properties of TLD-100. These desirable qualities demonstrated the versatility of this novel synthetic thin film in applications involving radiation detection.

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Karasev, Peter, Ivan Kolesov, Karl Fritscher, Patricio Vela, Phillip Mitchell, and Allen Tannenbaum. "Interactive Medical Image Segmentation Using PDE Control of Active Contours." IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 32, no. 11 (November 2013): 2127–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2013.2274734.

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Forjuoh, Samuel N., Michael D. Reis, Glen R. Couchman, and Marcia G. Ory. "Improving Diabetes Self-Care with a PDA in Ambulatory Care." Telemedicine and e-Health 14, no. 3 (April 2008): 273–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2007.0053.

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Çalışkan, Osman, and Emin Süel. "Investigation of the psychomotor development levels of girls and boys in the 8 and 9 age groups according to the TGMD-II Test." Journal of Human Sciences 17, no. 4 (December 29, 2020): 1285–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v17i4.6104.

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The study aimed to examine the motor development levels of girls and boys in the age group of eight and nine. A total of 120, 3rd and 4th grades students, 60 (30 girls-30 boys) in the eight-year-old age and 60 (30 girls-30 boys) in the nine-year-old age participated to the study. Test of Gross Motor Development-II (TGMD-II) used a measurement method for basic motor skills. SPSS 20 statistical program was used to analyses of the obtained data. In terms of TGMD-II locomotor sub-test scores, object control sub-test scores and TGMD-II total scores, it was determined that the scores of boys and girls in the age group of 9 were significantly higher than the scores of girls and boys in the 8-year-old group (p <0.05). By applying the TGMD-II test, which is widely used in scientific studies, it was aimed to contribute to the formation of norms for Turkish children on the one hand, and to observe basic motor characteristics among students depending on gender and age. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet Bu çalışmanın amacı; sekiz ve dokuz yaş grubu kız ve erkek çocukların motor gelişim düzeylerinin araştırılmasıdır. Araştırmaya 3.ve 4. Sınıflarda okuyan sekiz yaş grubunda 60 (30 kız-30 erkek), dokuz yaş grubunda 60 (30 kız-30 erkek) olmak üzere 120 öğrenci örneklem olarak katılmıştır. TGMD-II (Kaba Motor Gelişim Testi-II) ölçüm yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 20 istatistik program kullanılmıştır. Test sonuçlarında; TGMD-II lokomotor alt test puanları, obje kontrol alt test puanları ve TGMD-II toplam puanları karşılaştırılmıştır. 9 yaş grubunda kız ve erkek çocukların puanları 8 yaş grubu kız ve erkek çocukların puanlarından anlamlı bir şekilde yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Bilimsel çalışmalarda yaygın olarak kullanılan TGMD-II testi uygulanarak bir yandan Türk çocukları için normların oluşmasına katkı sağlanırken, diğer yandan öğrenciler arasında cinsiyete ve yaşa bağlı olarak temel motor özellikler gözlenebilecektir.

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Diana, Julien, Vedran Brezar, Lucie Beaudoin, Marc Dalod, Andrew Mellor, Anna Tafuri, Matthias von Herrath, Christian Boitard, Roberto Mallone, and Agnès Lehuen. "Viral infection prevents diabetes by inducing regulatory T cells through NKT cell–plasmacytoid dendritic cell interplay." Journal of Experimental Medicine 208, no. 4 (March 28, 2011): 729–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20101692.

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Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease resulting from T cell–mediated destruction of insulin-producing β cells, and viral infections can prevent the onset of disease. Invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT cells) exert a regulatory role in T1D by inhibiting autoimmune T cell responses. As iNKT cell–plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) cooperation controls viral replication in the pancreatic islets, we investigated whether this cellular cross talk could interfere with T1D development during viral infection. Using both virus-induced and spontaneous mouse models of T1D, we show that upon viral infection, iNKT cells induce TGF-β–producing pDCs in the pancreatic lymph nodes (LNs). These tolerogenic pDCs convert naive anti-islet T cells into Foxp3+ CD4+ regulatory T cells (T reg cells) in pancreatic LNs. T reg cells are then recruited into the pancreatic islets where they produce TGF-β, which dampens the activity of viral- and islet-specific CD8+ T cells, thereby preventing T1D development in both T1D models. These findings reveal a crucial cooperation between iNKT cells, pDCs, and T reg cells for prevention of T1D by viral infection.

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Toledano, Manuel, Inmaculada Cabello, Miguel Angel Cabrerizo Vílchez, Miguel Angel Fernández, and Raquel Osorio. "Surface Microanalysis and Chemical Imaging of Early Dentin Remineralization." Microscopy and Microanalysis 20, no. 1 (October 25, 2013): 245–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927613013639.

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AbstractThis study reports physical and chemical changes that occur at early dentin remineralization stages. Extracted human third molars were sectioned to obtain dentin discs. After polishing the dentin surfaces, three groups were established: (1) untreated dentin (UD), (2) 37% phosphoric acid application for 15 s (partially demineralized dentin—PDD), and (3) 10% phosphoric acid for 12 h at 25° C (totally demineralized dentin—TDD). Five different remineralizing solutions were used: chlorhexidine (CHX), artificial saliva (AS), phosphate solution (PS), ZnCl2, and ZnO. Wettability (contact angle), ζ potential and Raman spectroscopy analysis were determined on dentin surfaces. Demineralization of dentin resulted in a higher contact angle. Wettability decreased after immersion in all solutions. ζ potential analysis showed dissimilar performance ranging from −6.21 mV (TDD + AS) up to 3.02 mV (PDD + PS). Raman analysis showed an increase in mineral components after immersing the dentin specimens, in terms of crystallinity, mineral content, and concentration. This confirmed the optimal incorporation and deposition of mineral on dentin collagen. Organic content reflected scarce changes, except in TDD that appeared partially denatured. Pyridinium, as an expression of cross-linking, appeared in all spectra except in specimens immersed in PS.

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KLINGENSMITH, GEORGEANNA J., PEIYAO CHENG, ROBIN L. GAL, LINDSEY C. BEAULIEU, CRAIG KOLLMAN, RAMON L. ADAMS, TAMARA S. HANNON, LISA M. LOOPER, and WILLIAM V. TAMBORLANE. "1336-P: Health-Care Utilization in T2D Youth in the Pediatric Diabetes Consortium (PDC)." Diabetes 68, Supplement 1 (June 2019): 1336—P. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db19-1336-p.

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Barannik, T., and M. Lebedieva. "Search for putative heme binding sites in the integrated membrane protein of human erythrocytes SLC4A1 and protein kinases SYK and LYN." 36, no. 36 (August 25, 2021): 4–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2075-5457-2021-36-1.

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SLC4A1 protein or band 3 protein (band 3) is one of the most common erythrocyte membrane proteins. Along with the function of the anion exchanger, it contributes to the control of cell shape and lifespan through the formation of various complexes with cytoskeletal components and enzymes. Under oxidative stress, the protein oxidative modifications occur, in particular, due to the binding of hemoglobin aggregates, but the direct effect of heme as the major product of hemoglobin degradation on the band 3 protein activity has not been described in the literature. It is known that hemolytic conditions are accompanied by phosphorylation of the SLC4A1 protein, non-receptor tyrosine protein kinases LYN (by residue Y359), and SYK (by residues Y8 and Y21), while SYK kinase inhibitors have a stabilizing effect on erythrocytes. The regulatory effect of heme on Src kinases, which include SYK and LIN kinases, has been clarified, but the sites of their interaction with heme have not been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to predict putative heme binding sites in the integral protein of the erythrocyte membrane SLC4A1, as well as in the protein kinases SYK and LYN and their complexes with SLC4A1, modeled in silico. Sequence analysis of proteins with HeMoQuest revealed several nonapeptides with potential heme binding sites in the SLC4A1 protein, including the cytosolic His98 and Tyr553 and Tyr555 residues in the region between the TM5 and TM6 transmembrane segments. These residues, as well as the amino acids Tyr216, His303, and His192, were also predicted as heme-binding sites by HemeBind tool. The largest number of putative heme binding sites was found for SYK protein kinase, including the two cytosolic residues Tyr216 and His303. Molecular docking of the SLC4A1 protein revealed a heme binding site in the cavity between His192 and region 173–176 in the cytosolic domain structure (PDB ID 4KY9 and 1HYN), also as part of a simulated complex with SYK or LYN kinases. It should be noted that site 175–185 is known as the ankyrin binding site. Docking heme to the membrane domain (PDB ID 4YZF) revealed a putative heme binding site near Lys539 in TM5, which, according to the literature, belongs to one of the reactive centers sensitive to the anionic transport inhibitor DIDS. Molecular docking to SYK protein kinase with ATP in the active site (PDB ID 4FL2) revealed two putative heme binding sites – near Tyr64 and near His243, but when ATP was removed from pdb-file, the heme occupied a nucleotide binding site in the cavity near Lys402 and His531. LYN protein kinase (PDB ID 5XY1) had a heme binding site near Tyr321 in the structure with inhibitor molecule (piperazine derivative). After removing the inhibitor, the heme occupied its area near Glu290 and Ala371. In most model complexes, the band 3 protein was revealed to be a more likely heme binding site than LYN and SYK protein kinases, but kinases with free active sites can apparently bind a heme instead of substrate, which will interfere phosphorylation. Disruption of band 3 protein under heme accumulation can inhibit an anion transport or complicate the formation of SLC4A1 complexes with cytoskeletal proteins that together with the effects on phosphorylation could be a mechanism for reducing erythrocyte stability.

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Charbe, Nitin B., Flavia C. Zacconi, Nikhil Amnerkar, B. Ramesh, Murtaza M. Tambuwala, and Emilio Clementi. "Bio-analytical Assay Methods used in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Antiretroviral Drugs-A Review." Current Drug Therapy 14, no. 1 (March 6, 2019): 16–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574885514666181217125550.

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Background: Several clinical trials, as well as observational statistics, have exhibited that the advantages of antiretroviral [ARV] treatment for humans with Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome HIV/AIDS exceed their risks. Therapeutic drug monitoring [TDM] plays a key role in optimization of ARV therapy. Determination of ARV’s in plasma, blood cells, and other biological matrices frequently requires separation techniques capable of high effectiveness, specific selectivity and high sensitivity. High-performance liquid chromatography [HPLC] coupled with ultraviolet [UV], Photodiode array detectors [PDA], Mass spectrophotometer [MS] detectors etc. are the important quantitative techniques used for the estimation of pharmaceuticals in biological samples. Objective: This review article is aimed to give an extensive outline of different bio-analytical techniques which have been reported for direct quantitation of ARV’s. This article aimed to establish an efficient role played by the TDM in the optimum therapeutic outcome of the ARV treatment. It also focused on establishing the prominent role played by the separation techniques like HPLC and UPLC along with the detectors like UV and Mass in TDM. Methods: TDM is based on the principle that for certain drugs, a close relationship exists between the plasma level of the drug and its clinical effect. TDM is of no value if the relationship does not exist. The analytical methodology employed in TDM should: 1) distinguish similar compounds; 2) be sensitive and precise and 3) is easy to use. Results: This review highlights the advancement of the chromatographic techniques beginning from the HPLC-UV to the more advanced technique like UPLC-MS/MS. TDM is essential to ensure adherence, observe viral resistance and to personalize ARV dose regimens. It is observed that the analytical methods like immunoassays and liquid chromatography with detectors like UV, PDA, Florescent, MS, MS/MS and Ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-MS/MS have immensely contributed to the clinical outcome of the ARV therapy. Assay methods are not only helping physicians in limiting the side effects and drug interactions but also assisting in monitoring patient’s compliance. Conclusion: The present review revealed that HPLC has been the most widely used system irrespective of the availability of more sensitive chromatographic technique like UPLC.

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Sunni, Muna, Carol Brunzell, Jennifer Kyllo, Loren Purcell, Phillip Plager, and Antoinette Moran. "A picture-based carbohydrate-counting resource for Somalis." Journal of International Medical Research 46, no. 1 (July 31, 2017): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060517718732.

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Objective Carbohydrate counting is essential for effective management of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Somali diet-specific carbohydrate-counting references are lacking, creating an additional barrier to effective diabetes control. We developed a picture-based carbohydrate-counting resource for Somalis with T1D. Methods Traditional Somali foods were selected using a variety of methods. Serving sizes and carbohydrate calculations were tabulated using the United States Department of Agriculture National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference. Carbohydrate contents of home-prepared foods were calculated by measuring the total yield and total carbohydrates of ingredients in the recipe divided by the number of servings to be consumed. When available, recipes were used for food preparation and analysis for more accurate carbohydrate estimation. Results Photographs of prepared Somali foods were compiled into a PDF file. While introductions are written in text, the resource is primarily picture-based to bypass limited literacy. The resource is shared free of charge via the following link: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/0300060517718732 . The link will be updated annually with new information. Conclusion There is a necessity to tailor educational materials to address the needs of Somalis with diabetes. We have created a picture-based nutrition resource for carbohydrate counting of traditional Somali foods and have made this freely available to individuals worldwide.

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Filgueiras, Luiz. "PADRÃO DE REPRODUÇÃO DO CAPITAL E CAPITALISMO DEPENDENTE NO BRASIL ATUAL." Caderno CRH 31, no. 84 (December 2018): 519–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-49792018000300006.

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A Teoria Marxista da Dependência (TMD), com o objetivo de entender as formas de reprodução do capital, nas distintas formações econômico-sociais, em diferentes períodos históricos do desenvolvimento capitalista, construiu o conceito de Padrão de Reprodução do Capital (PRC), apoiada na conhecida forma geral do ciclo do capital industrial, que é, também, a forma do ciclo do capital-dinheiro – conforme formulado por Marx. Este texto discute o alcance e o limite desse conceito para a compreensão da formação econômico-social brasileira contemporânea. Aponta que, embora ele contribua para o entendimento de formações econômico-sociais concretas, seu nível de abstração não permite perceber diferenças importantes existentes entre elas – em especial as latino-americanas. Como consequência, propõe, de forma complementar e em um nível menor de abstração, o conceito de Padrão de Desenvolvimento Capitalista (PDC), devidamente redefinido, e que se refere apenas a uma formação econômico-social singular (única pela sua história).

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Liantinioti, Chrissoula, Lina Palaiodimou, Konstantinos Tympas, John Parissis, Aikaterini Theodorou, Ignatios Ikonomidis, Maria Chondrogianni, et al. "Potential Utility of Neurosonology in Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation Detection in Patients with Cryptogenic Stroke." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 11 (November 16, 2019): 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8112002.

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Background: Occult paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) is a common and potential treatable cause of cryptogenic stroke (CS). We sought to prospectively identify independent predictors of atrial fibrillation (AF) detection in patients with CS and sinus rhythm on baseline electrocardiogram (ECG), without prior AF history. We had hypothesized that cardiac arrhythmia detection during neurosonology examinations (Carotid Duplex (CDU) and Transcranial Doppler (TCD)) may be associated with higher likelihood of AF detection. Methods: Consecutive CS patients were prospectively evaluated over a six-year period. Demographics, clinical and imaging characteristics of cerebral ischemia were documented. The presence of arrhythmia during spectral waveform analysis of CDU/TCD was recorded. Left atrial enlargement was documented during echocardiography using standard definitions. The outcome event of interest included PAF detection on outpatient 24-h Holter ECG recordings. Statistical analyses were performed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. Results: A total of 373 patients with CS were evaluated (mean age 60 ± 11 years, 67% men, median NIHSS-score 4 points). The rate of PAF detection of any duration on Holter ECG recordings was 11% (95% CI 8%–14%). The following three variables were independently associated with the likelihood of AF detection on 24-h Holter-ECG recordings in both multivariate analyses adjusting for potential confounders: age (OR per 10-year increase: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.19–2.37; p = 0.003), moderate or severe left atrial enlargement (OR: 4.81; 95% CI: 1.77–13.03; p = 0.002) and arrhythmia detection during neurosonology evaluations (OR: 3.09; 95% CI: 1.47–6.48; p = 0.003). Conclusion: Our findings underline the potential utility of neurosonology in improving the detection rate of PAF in patients with CS.

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Szeto, Christopher, Saihitha Veerapaneni, Rahul Parulkar, Sandeep K. Reddy, Shahrooz Rabizadeh, and Stephen Charles Benz. "Effect of chemokine signaling signatures on resolving discrepancy between TMB and checkpoint expression." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): 3131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.3131.

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3131 Background: Tumor mutation burden (TMB) and PD1/L1 expression are independent biomarkers for immune checkpoint blockade therapy, as seen in the Checkmate227 trial. Here we explore whether chemokine activity, an intermediate step between neoantigen presentation and immune-infiltration, can resolve this lack of association between existing biomarkers. We further use this novel biomarker to corroborate recent findings from Crowther et al. for a role of MHC class 1-related gene ( MR1) downregulation in immune evasion. Methods: 1,395 clinical samples from the NantHealth database with matched tumor:normal whole exomes and deep whole-transcriptomic sequencing (> 200M reads) were available for analysis. The most common indications in the cohort were Breast (18%), Colon (9.8%), Lung (7.8%), Soft-tissue/Sarcomas (7.7%), and Pancreatic (6.1%). TMB was calculated by counting non-synonymous exonic mutations as per Rizvi, 2015. Immune-infiltration and chemokine signaling were inferred from RNAseq expression of published immune-cell-specific genesets (Bindea, 2013) and chemokine ligands (Nagarsheth, 2017) respectively. Significant associations between TMB, chemokine activity, immune-infiltration, and checkpoint expression were analyzed by ranksums test and corrected for multiple-hypothesis testing using Benjamini-Hochberg adjustment. Results: As expected, TMB and PD1/L1 mRNA expression were not correlated in this cohort (r = 0.08 and r = 0.07 respectively). 36.3% of patients classified as highly immune-infiltrated by unsupervised clustering of immune-cell scores, and this subgroup significantly overexpressed all 11 targetable checkpoint genes analyzed including PD1, PDL1, CTLA4, IDO1, and VISTA (adj. p 9.7e-68 to 4e-168). There was no association between immune-infiltrated samples and TMB (t = 0.9, p = 0.35). Twice as many patients classified as chemokine-active (70.0%) and there was significant agreement between immune-infiltrated and chemokine-active patients (OR = 34.8, p = 6.5e-81). Interestingly, there was a weak but significant association between high chemokine-activity and increased TMB (t = 3.3, p = 0.001). Within patients that were chemokine-active but lacked immune-infiltration, MR1 expression was significantly depleted (t = -10.7, p = 1e-26). Conclusions: Chemokine signatures can help resolve discordance between TMB and checkpoint expression. Analysis of discordance between chemokine-active but immune-depleted tumors may aid in identifying targets for converting from cold to hot tumor microenvironments.

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HINDAYANI, Ayu, Muhammad Rizky MULYANA, Harry BUDIMAN, Nur Tjahyo Eka DARMAYANTI, and Oman ZUAS. "DEVELOPMENT OF CALIBRATION GAS MIXTURES (CARBON DIOXIDE AND OXYGEN IN NITROGEN MATRIX) AT A TYPICAL CONCENTRATION RANGE OF MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE PACKAGING." Periódico Tchê Química 17, no. 36 (December 20, 2020): 674–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.689_periodico36_pgs_674_687.pdf.

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Measurement of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), and nitrogen (N2) concentration in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) food is critical to be carried out by the food industry. A slight variation in concentrations of CO2, O2, and N2 in food packaging may have a significant impact on product quality and safety for human health. Accurate and reliable measurement of CO2, O2, and N2 concentrations in food packaging is crucial, and it can only be achieved by calibrating the gas analyzer. This study aimed to develop gas mixtures for the calibration of CO2, O2, and N2 gas analyzers at a typical concentration range of modified atmosphere packaging. The calibration gas mixtures were prepared gravimetrically by following ISO 6142. The concentration ranges of CO2, O2, and N2 for calibration gas mixtures were set at 9-19% mol/mol, 1-5% mol/mol, and 74-88% mol/mol, respectively. Each parent gas was identified for its impurities using gas chromatography with a pulsed discharge helium ionization detector (GC-PDHID). The compositions of CO2, O2, and N2 in the mixtures were verified by evaluating the internal consistency within the prepared gas mixtures using gas chromatography with a thermal conductivity detector (GC-TCD). The short term stability of the prepared gas mixtures was evaluated using an equal division method. The result showed that good internal consistency was achieved between the gravimetrical and GC’s verification values, having linear regression coefficient (R2) ≥ 0.999. The t-test result has shown that CO2 has better short term stability than O2 and N2. In conclusion, the developed calibration gas mixtures at a typical concentration range of modified atmosphere packaging have shown satisfying results for CO2 component. However, further evaluation is still required to minimize the instability of O2 and N2 components.

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Chen, J., and A. A. Amini. "Quantifying 3-D Vascular Structures in MRA Images Using Hybrid PDE and Geometric Deformable Models." IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 23, no. 10 (October 2004): 1251–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2004.834612.

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Voeltz, Dina, Thaddäus Tönnies, Ralph Brinks, and Annika Hoyer. "Future prevalence of type 2 diabetes—A comparative analysis of chronic disease projection methods." PLOS ONE 17, no. 3 (March 7, 2022): e0264739. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264739.

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Background Accurate projections of the future number of people with chronic diseases are necessary for effective resource allocation and health care planning in response to changes in disease burden. Aim To introduce and compare different projection methods to estimate the number of people with diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Germany in 2040. Methods We compare three methods to project the number of males with T2D in Germany in 2040. Method 1) simply combines the sex- and age-specific prevalence of T2D in 2010 with future population distributions projected by the German Federal Statistical Office (FSO). Methods 2) and 3) additionally account for the incidence of T2D and mortality rates using partial differential equations (PDEs). Method 2) models the prevalence of T2D employing a scalar PDE which incorporates incidence and mortality rates. Subsequently, the estimated prevalence is applied to the population projection of the FSO. Method 3) uses a two-dimensional system of PDEs and estimates future case numbers directly while future mortality of people with and without T2D is modelled independently from the projection of the FSO. Results Method 1) projects 3.6 million male people with diagnosed T2D in Germany in 2040. Compared to 2.8 million males in 2010, this equals an increase by 29%. Methods 2) and 3) project 5.9 million (+104% compared to 2010) and 6.0 million (+116%) male T2D patients, respectively. Conclusions The results of the three methods differ substantially. It appears that ignoring temporal trends in incidence and mortality may result in misleading projections of the future number of people with chronic diseases. Hence, it is essential to include these rates as is done by method 2) and 3).

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Charbit, S., C. Dumas, M. Kageyama, D. M. Roche, and C. Ritz. "Influence of ablation-related processes in the built-up of simulated Northern Hemisphere ice sheets during the last glacial cycle." Cryosphere Discussions 6, no. 6 (November 28, 2012): 4897–938. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tcd-6-4897-2012.

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Abstract. Since the original formulation of the positive-degree-day (PDD) method, different PDD calibrations have been proposed in the literature in response to the increasing number of observations. Although these formulations provide a satisfactory description of the present-day Greenland geometry, they have not all been tested for paleo ice sheets. Using the climate-ice sheet model CLIMBER-GRISLI coupled with different PDD models, we evaluate how the parameterization of the ablation may affect the evolution of Northern Hemisphere ice sheets in the transient simulations of the last glacial cycle. Results from fully coupled simulations are compared to time-slice experiments carried out at different key periods of the last glacial period. We find large differences in the simulated ice sheets according to the chosen PDD model. These differences occur as soon as the onset of glaciation, therefore affecting the subsequent evolution of the ice system. To further investigate how the PDD method controls this evolution, special attention is given to the role of each PDD parameter. We show that glacial inception is critically dependent on the representation of the impact of the temperature variability from the daily to the inter-annual time scale, whose effect is modulated by the refreezing scheme. Finally, an additional set of sensitivity experiments has been carried out to assess the relative importance of melt processes with respect to initial ice sheet configuration in the construction and the evolution of past Northern Hemisphere ice sheets. Our analysis reveals that the impacts of the initial ice sheet condition may range from quite negligible to explaining about half of the LGM ice volume depending on the representation of stochastic temperature variations which remain the main driver of the evolution of the ice system.

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Bedi, Suhana, Tiffany M. Richardson, Baofeng Jia, Hadeel Saab, Fiona S. L. Brinkman, and Monica Westley. "Similarities between bacterial GAD and human GAD65: Implications in gut mediated autoimmune type 1 diabetes." PLOS ONE 17, no. 2 (February 23, 2022): e0261103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261103.

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A variety of islet autoantibodies (AAbs) can predict and possibly dictate eventual type 1 diabetes (T1D) diagnosis. Upwards of 75% of those with T1D are positive for AAbs against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65 or GAD), a producer of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in human pancreatic beta cells. Interestingly, bacterial populations within the human gut also express GAD and produce GABA. Evidence suggests that dysbiosis of the microbiome may correlate with T1D pathogenesis and physiology. Therefore, autoimmune linkages between the gut microbiome and islets susceptible to autoimmune attack need to be further elucidated. Utilizing in silico analyses, we show that 25 GAD sequences from human gut bacterial sources show sequence and motif similarities to human beta cell GAD65. Our motif analyses determined that most gut GAD sequences contain the pyroxical dependent decarboxylase (PDD) domain of human GAD65, which is important for its enzymatic activity. Additionally, we showed overlap with known human GAD65 T cell receptor epitopes, which may implicate the immune destruction of beta cells. Thus, we propose a physiological hypothesis in which changes in the gut microbiome in those with T1D result in a release of bacterial GAD, thus causing miseducation of the host immune system. Due to the notable similarities we found between human and bacterial GAD, these deputized immune cells may then target human beta cells leading to the development of T1D.

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Saenjaiban, Aphisit, Teeranuch Singtisan, Panuwat Suppakul, Kittisak Jantanasakulwong, Winita Punyodom, and Pornchai Rachtanapun. "Novel Color Change Film as a Time–Temperature Indicator Using Polydiacetylene/Silver Nanoparticles Embedded in Carboxymethyl Cellulose." Polymers 12, no. 10 (October 8, 2020): 2306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12102306.

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Time–temperature indicators (TTIs) can be important tools in product applications to monitor food quality losses, especially for fruits and vegetables. In this context, the effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and glycerol on the color change of polydiacetylene/AgNPs (PDA/AgNPs) embedded in carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) film as time–temperature indicators (TTIs) were investigated. A CMC film prepared with 30 mg/L AgNPs and a 1:3 (v/v) PDA:AgNP ratio exhibited a faster color change than under other conditions. At 35 °C, the films with PDA/AgNPs changed color from purplish-blue to purple and purple to reddish-purple over time due to the higher thermal conductivity of AgNPs and larger PDA surface area exposed to specific temperatures. The total color difference (TCD) of PDA/AgNP-embedded CMC film directly changed with regard to time and temperature. However, adding glycerol to the system resulted in a symmetrical chemical structure, a factor that delayed the color change. Scanning electron micrographs showed AgNPs embedded in the CMC films. Transmission electron micrographs indicated a core-shell structure of PDA/AgNP vesicles in the CMC matrix. PDA/AgNP vesicles were confirmed by second derivative Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, with a new peak at 1390–1150 cm−1. The kinetics of TTIs from PDA/AgNP-embedded CMC films yielded an activation energy of 58.70 kJ/mol.

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Shulga, Dmytro, Oleksii Morozov, and Patrick Hunziker. "A Tensor B-Spline Approach for Solving the Diffusion PDE With Application to Optical Diffusion Tomography." IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 36, no. 4 (April 2017): 972–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2016.2641500.

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Zhou, Lixing, Xiaolei Wang, Kai Han, Xueli Ma, Yanrong Wang, Jinjuan Xiang, Hong Yang, et al. "Experimental Investigation of Remote Coulomb Scattering on Mobility Degradation of Ge pMOSFET by Various PDA Ambiences." IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 66, no. 4 (April 2019): 1669–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ted.2019.2900801.

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Salinas, H. M., and D. C. Fernandez. "Comparison of PDE-Based Nonlinear Diffusion Approaches for Image Enhancement and Denoising in Optical Coherence Tomography." IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 26, no. 6 (June 2007): 761–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2006.887375.

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Chang, Kang-Ming. "Portable Obstructive Sleep Apnea Screening System Using Overnight ECG and a PDA-Based Wireless Transmission System." Telemedicine and e-Health 15, no. 4 (May 2009): 353–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2008.0142.

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Raman, Rahul, Subrata Kumar Dutta, Priya Sarmah, Mrigakshi Das, Amarjit Saikia, and Pradip Kumar Sadhu. "Feasible Evaluation of Shunt Active Filter for Harmonics Mitigation in Induction Heating System." HighTech and Innovation Journal 2, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 235–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/hij-2021-02-03-08.

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This paper propounds the incorporation of a three-level inverter based Shunt Active Filter (SAF) in the Induction Heating (IH) system to eradicate the problems due to Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) & Radio Frequency Interference (RFI). The IH system generates a considerable amount of high-frequency harmonics because of myriad causes, the predominant one being the high-frequency switching in the resonant inverter. The former has an immanent propensity to flow towards the supply side and results in the enfeeblement of power quality. Moreover, in the present work, attention has been paid off to develop a proper control strategy of a three level inverter based SAF for EMI and RFI suppression. A new modeling approach of three-level inverter based SAF is proposed and the efficacy and viability of the proposed controllers for SAF in the IH system are validated via simulations in PSIM. A comparative analysis of THD in the input current waveform has been done to advocate the desideratum of SAF as an imperative part of the IH system. Results obtained by simulations show that the proposed approach is more effective than the reviewed approaches on compensating the harmonic currents and thus, the filtering action of SAF is able to achieve the THD of input current within the limit specified by the IEEE-519 standard. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2021-02-03-08 Full Text: PDF

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Raman, Rahul, Debanga Jyoti Baruah, Saurav Dey, Padmini Neog, and Kritika Taniya Saharia. "Implementation of Boost PFC in the Induction Heating System for EMI–RFI Suppression." HighTech and Innovation Journal 2, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 120–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/hij-2021-02-02-05.

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The present work deals with the design and performance analysis of high frequency resonant inverter based Induction Heating (IH) System employing Boost Power Factor Correction (PFC) technique to overcome the problems due to EMI and RFI. Most of the existing techniques use passive filters for harmonics attenuation that fails to meet the present day requirement because of drawbacks like considerably high THD, poor dynamic performance, etc. This paper presents a new control approach for boost PFC based on inner and outer loops to eliminate the problems due to harmonics in the IH system. The equivalent circuit parameter model of the IH system has been used to analyze the presence of harmonics and the incorporation of boost PFC at the input of the system shows its elimination as per the stringent EMI-RFI regulations. Moreover, attention has been paid off to the design algorithm of the boost PFC and a detailed mathematical analysis has been done to outline an approach for its parameter selection. A comparative analysis of the IH system with and without the incorporation of the boost PFC has been done in terms of the THD in the input current waveform. The findings of the present work show that the incorporation of Boost PFC eliminates the harmonics in the IH system in a better manner than the existing techniques. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2021-02-02-05 Full Text: PDF

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O'Hearn, Meghan, Gitanjali Singh, Frederick Cudhea, Victoria Miller, Jianyi Zhang, Peilin Shi, Julia Reedy, Leah Puklin, Renata Micha, and Dariush Mozaffarian. "The Impact of Suboptimal Diet on Type 2 Diabetes at Global, Regional, National, and Sub-National Levels: A Comparative Risk Assessment Analysis." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa053_082.

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Abstract Objectives To prioritize dietary factors for reducing the growing burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) worldwide, we estimated the impact of suboptimal diet on T2D incidence at global, regional, national, and subnational levels between 1990 and 2015. Methods A comparative risk assessment framework estimated T2D incidence attributable to suboptimal diet in strata jointly stratified by year, nation, age, and sex, across 185 countries. We estimated direct (dietary composition) etiologic effects of 8 factors including nuts/seeds, whole grains, yogurt, processed meats, unprocessed red meats, glycemic load (estimated from refined grains), sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and potatoes. Population demographics were from the United Nations; stratum-specific mean dietary intakes and distributions from Global Dietary Database (GDD), diet-T2D etiologic effects from meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies; and T2D incidence from the Global Burden of Disease study. These inputs and their uncertainties were used to calculate the stratum-specific population attributable fraction (PAF) and then absolute attributable cases, with joint effects estimated using multiplicative PAFs. Results In 2015, suboptimal intakes of these 8 factors were jointly estimated to cause 10.9 million T2D cases (95% UI 7.2–15.3), representing 59.6% of all cases (39.3–83.3%) among adults age 25 + y globally. Low intake of whole grains (3.6 million cases (3.4–3.8)) followed by high intake of SSBs (2.7 million cases (2.5–2.9)) had the largest estimated attributable burdens. Across 7 world regions, highest diet-attributable burdens of T2D were in High Income Countries (2516 cases per million (2115, 2870)) and Former Soviet Union (2341 cases per million (1465, 2970)); and lowest in Sub-Saharan Africa (797 cases per million (333, 1435)). The proportion of T2D attributable to suboptimal diet was generally greater in males vs. females and in younger vs. older age groups. Results for specific countries, trends over time, and further sensitivity analyses will be presented. Conclusions These novel findings provide the most updated estimates of diet-attributable T2D globally, helping to inform priorities for targeted healthcare system, policy, industry and public health interventions to reduce T2D. Funding Sources Gates Foundation.

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Perreault, Daniel, Marc Drouin, Andre Michel, and Pierre D. Harvey. "Preparation of novel palladium(I)-palladium(I) bonded complexes, Pd2(diiso)2X2 (diiso: dmb = 1,8-diisocyano-p-menthane, tmb = 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-diisocyanohexane) (X = Cl, Br), and their photoinduced oxidative addition reactivities toward chlorocarbons. Crystal and molecular structures of Pd2(dmb)2Cl4.cntdot.H2O, Pd2(tmb)2Cl4.cntdot.2CH3CN, and Pd2(dmb)2Br2Cl2." Inorganic Chemistry 31, no. 13 (June 1992): 2740–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00039a016.

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BACHA, FIDA, PEIYAO CHENG, ROBIN L. GAL, LINDSEY C. BEAULIEU, CRAIG KOLLMAN, ANNE ADOLPH, ISHITA JINDAL, et al. "1328-P: Racial Differences in Comorbidities in Youth with T2D in the Pediatric Diabetes Consortium (PDC)." Diabetes 68, Supplement 1 (June 2019): 1328—P. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db19-1328-p.

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Letsiou, Sophia, Artemis Bakea, Géraldine Le Goff, Philippe Lopes, Konstantinos Gardikis, Michal Weis, Yehuda Benayahu, and Jamal Ouazzani. "Marine Fungus Aspergillus chevalieri TM2-S6 Extract Protects Skin Fibroblasts from Oxidative Stress." Marine Drugs 18, no. 9 (September 8, 2020): 460. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md18090460.

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The strain Aspergillus chevalieri TM2-S6 was isolated from the sponge Axinella and identified according to internal transcribed spacer (ITS) molecular sequence homology with Aspergillus species from the section Restricti. The strain was cultivated 9 days on potato dextrose broth (PDB), and the medium evaluated as antioxidant on primary normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). The cultivation broth was submitted to sterile filtration, lyophilized and used without any further processing to give the Aspergillus chevalieri TM2-S6 cultivation broth ingredient named ACBB. ACCB contains two main compounds: tetrahydroauroglaucin and flavoglaucin. Under oxidative stress, ACCB showed a significant promotion of cell viability. To elucidate the mechanism of action, the impact on a panel of hundreds of genes involved in fibroblast physiology was evaluated. Thus, ACCB stimulates cell proliferation (VEGFA, TGFB3), antioxidant response (GPX1, SOD1, NRF2), and extracellular matrix organization (COL1A1, COL3A1, CD44, MMP14). ACCD also reduced aging (SIRT1, SIRT2, FOXO3). These findings indicate that Aspergillus chevalieri TM2-S6 cultivation broth exhibits significant in vitro skin protection of human fibroblasts under oxidative stress, making it a potential cosmetic ingredient.

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Journal articles on the topic 'TMD PDF'

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