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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Titanium solubility

Academic literature on the topic 'Titanium solubility'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Titanium solubility"

1

Suzuki, R. O., Y. Yashima, N. Suzuki, E. Ahmadi, S. Natsui, and T. Kikuchi. "Titanium Production via Titanium Sulfide." MATEC Web of Conferences 321 (2020): 07003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032107003.

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A new metallurgical process via titanium sulfide from ilmenite is proposed and experimentally approved: It consists of several stages; 1) The ilmenite ore is exposed to gaseous CS2 to selectively sulfurize to FeS, which is wet-chemically removed. 2) The residual oxide is again exposed to CS2 to form TiS2. 3) TiS2 is electrochemically reduced to metallic Ti using molten CaCl2-CaS as an application of OS process. TiFeO3 was exposed to Ar-CS2 mixed gas flow at 1173 K to form the mixture of FeS+TiO2. FeS was easily separated by immersing in H2SO4 solution at 313 K. After recovery of TiO2, it was converted completely to TiS2 by the second sulfurization with CS2. TiS2 could be reduced to Ti powder by calciothermic reduction and simulteneous electrolysis in a CaS-CaCl2 melt for about 6 hours at 1173 K and 3.0 V. The impurity decreased to a low level such as 0.021 mass%S due to very small solubility of S in a-Ti. However, 1.06 mass%O remained because of wide solubility of oxygen in a-Ti and water contamination in initial CaCl2.

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Iorio, Luana E., and Warren M. Garrison, Jr. "Solubility of Titanium Carbosulfide in Austenite." ISIJ International 42, no. 5 (2002): 545–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.42.545.

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3

Jarfors, A. E. W. "Solubility of copper in titanium carbide." Materials Science and Technology 12, no. 12 (December 1996): 990–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02670836.1996.11665712.

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Jarfors, A. E. W. "Solubility of copper in titanium carbide." Materials Science and Technology 12, no. 12 (December 1, 1996): 990–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/026708396790122044.

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5

Uno, M., K. Takahashi, T. Maruyama, H. Muta, and S. Yamanaka. "Hydrogen solubility of BCC titanium alloys." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 366, no. 1-2 (March 2004): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-8388(03)00749-7.

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6

Waldner, P. "Modelling of oxygen solubility in titanium." Scripta Materialia 40, no. 8 (March 1999): 969–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6462(99)00053-6.

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7

Trobajo, Camino, Maria L. Rodríguez, Marta Suárez, José R. García, Julio Rodríguez, José B. Parra, Miguel A. Salvadó, Pilar Pertierra, and Santiago García-Granda. "Layered mixed tin-titanium phosphates." Journal of Materials Research 13, no. 3 (March 1998): 754–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1998.0095.

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Mixed crystalline tin-titanium phosphates with variable tin-to-titanium molar ratio have been prepared by precipitation of soluble salts of the metal (IV) with phosphoric acid and refluxing the amorphous solids in 17 M H3PO4. The new materials are characterized by chemical textural and thermal analysis and x-ray powder diffraction. The tin-titanium phosphates are solid solutions showing an isomorphic substitution of tin by titanium in the α-tin phosphate lattice and tin substitution in the γ-titanium phosphate lattice. In both cases, the solubility is partial. The coexistence of both saturated phases is observed in samples of composition between the solubility limits.

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8

Chen, Bao Ling, Long Hui Zheng, Jun Hui He, Qin Hui Chen, and Jin Huo Lin. "Effect of Solvent Properties on the Swelling Assisted with Protrusion of PS@TiO₂." Advanced Materials Research 936 (June 2014): 929–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.936.929.

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swelling; core-shell microspheres; Janus; solubility parameter; polar fraction Abstract. Janus particles have particular properties and potential application for their asymmetry dual-faced structure. In this report, we study the effect of the solubility parameter and the polar fraction of solvent on the swelling assisted with protrusion of polystyrene @ titanium dioxide (PS@TiO2) core-shell microspheres. The resultant titanium dioxide/polystyrene (TiO2/PS) Janus particles were characterized by scanning electron microscope. Results indicated that solvent with the solubility parameter of about 9.3 (cal/cm3)1/2 and with low polarity such as dimethylbenzene, carbon disulfide and methyl methacrylate exhibited the preferable swelling efficiency. Janus particles have particular properties and potential application for their asymmetry dual-faced structure. In this report, we study the effect of the solubility parameter and the polar fraction of solvent on the swelling assisted with protrusion of polystyrene @ titanium dioxide (PS@TiO2) core-shell microspheres. The resultant titanium dioxide/polystyrene (TiO2/PS) Janus particles were characterized by scanning electron microscope. Results indicated that solvent with the solubility parameter of about 9.3 (cal/cm3)1/2 and with low polarity such as dimethylbenzene, carbon disulfide and methyl methacrylate exhibited the preferable swelling efficiency.

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9

Hocine, S., and D. Mathiot. "Diffusion and Solubility of Titanium in Silicon." Materials Science Forum 38-41 (January 1991): 725–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.38-41.725.

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10

Dewing, Ernest W. "The solubility of titanium diboride in aluminum." Metallurgical Transactions A 20, no. 10 (October 1989): 2185–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02650308.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Titanium solubility"

1

Gu, Xiaoting. "THE SOLUBILITIES OF CARBON AND NITROGEN IN IRON, NICKEL AND TITANIUM-BASED ALLOYS UNDER PARAEQUILIBRIUM CONDITIONS." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1196354589.

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2

Florêncio, Odila. "Soluções sólidas intersticiais na liga NB-TI46." Universidade de São Paulo, 1986. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/54/54132/tde-15042016-164940/.

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3

Partaix, Axelle. "Contribution à l'étude de quelques transformations de phases dans des alliages à base TiAl." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUES060.

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L'objet de ce travail est d'apporter une meilleure connaissance des caractéristiques microstructurales et chimiques des intermétalliques à base TiAl ainsi que des mécanismes qui gouvernent certaines transformations de phases intervenant dans ces alliages. La première partie de l'étude concerne le rôle de l'oxygène, facteur réputé comme déterminant, sur la ductilité à température ambiante des alliages TiAl. Deux résultats importants ont été établis : i) la localisation préférentielle de l'oxygène dans la phase alpha deux et ii) la solubilité maximale de l'oxygène de l'ordre de trois cents ppm atomiques dans la phase gamma à l'équilibre. L'influence de différents paramètres (stoechiométrie des phases, teneur globale en oxygène, addition d'un troisième élément) sur cette solubilité a été étudiée. L'interprétation de ces résultats en terme d'environnement chimique des sites interstitiels favorables à la localisation de l'oxygène a été proposée. Deux transformations de phases ont été étudiées dans la deuxième partie : la formation de la phase alpha deux dans la structure lamellaire et la transformation massive de alpha en gamma. A partir des résultats expérimentaux, le rôle de l'oxygène est discuté vis-à-vis des mécanismes régissant ces transformations. En particulier, l'oxygène conduit à la présence de fautes dans la phase gamma massive et empêche la transformation massive d'être complète. Dans la dernière partie, le rôle des éléments d'addition et leur répartition entre les phases sont étudies dans un alliage quaternaire biphasé (alpha deux+gamma) contenant du chrome et du niobium. Une interprétation du comportement à la fois gamma-phile et alpha-deux gène du niobium a été donnée à partir de la forme des lobes de solubilité dans les coupes isothermes de diagrammes ternaires.

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Ayala, A. "Aspects of the SrO-CuO-TiO2 Ternary System Related to the Deposition of SrTiO3 and Copper-Doped SrTiO3 Thin-Film Buffer Layers." Washington, D.C : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : United States. Dept. of Energy ; distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2004. http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/836697-HiUEwz/native/.

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Thesis (Ph.D.); Submitted to the Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (US); 20 Dec 2004.
Published through the Information Bridge: DOE Scientific and Technical Information. "LA-14197-T" A. Ayala. 12/20/2004. Report is also available in paper and microfiche from NTIS.

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5

Поляков, В. В., and V. V. Polyakov. "Исследование восстановительной способности расплавов Ca-CaCl2, Na-NаCl : магистерская диссертация." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/44492.

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The aim is to develop intensive methods for producing powdered iron or titanium, by mixing melts containing chlorides with molten salt reducing Ca-CaCl2 and Na-NaCl. As a result of this work was the possibility of obtaining metallic iron powder and products containing nedovosstanovleniya titanium compound. Conducted microscopic, X-ray, mikrorentgenoskopicheskie and particle size analysis of powders obtained. To discover the causes of titanium nedovosstanovleniya that need to be addressed in the future. The developed method can improve the performance as compared with the Kroll method because the reduction process within the melt, and not only at the interface between the salt and metal phases.
Целью работы являлось разработка интенсивных способов получения порошкообразных железа или титана, при смешении расплавов содержащих их хлориды с расплавленными солевыми восстановителями Ca–CaCl2 и Na–NaCl. В результате проведенной работы была показана возможность получения порошкообразного металлического железа и продукта, содержащего недовосстановленные соединения титана. Проведены микроскопические, рентгенофазовые, микрорентгеноскопические и гранулометрические анализы полученных порошков. Вскрыты причины недовосстановления титана, которые необходимо устранить в будущем. Разрабатываемый способ позволяет увеличить производительность по сравнению с методом Кролла благодаря тому, что процесс восстановления протекает в объеме расплава, а не только на границе раздела солевой и металлической фаз.

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6

Порошина, В. А., and V. A. Poroshina. "Исследование возможности получения титановых концентратов из красных шламов : магистерская диссертация." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/55449.

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Red muds are non-recyclable wastes formed after bauxite processing, occupy significant areas and are environmentally hazardous. At the same time, red mud contains a large number of valuable components - rare earth metals, iron and titanium. The thesis analyzes the existing technologies for processing red mud and the effectiveness of existing methods for extracting valuable components from red mud. The aim of the study was to study the leaching of red mud in sulfuric acid in order to extract iron into a solution and concentrate titanium in an insoluble residue. As a result of the work, optimal leaching conditions were established, ensuring removal of iron from red mud by 80% and concentrating up to 70% of titanium in an insoluble residue.
Красные шламы представляют собой неутилизируемые отходы, образующиеся после переработки бокситов, занимают значительные площади и являются экологически опасными. В тоже время в красном шламе содержится большое количество ценных компонентов - редкоземельные металлы, железо и титан. В диссертации проанализированы существующие технологии переработки красного шлама и эффективность существующих методов извлечения ценных компонентов из красных шламов. Целью работы являлось исследование выщелачивания красного шлама в серной кислоте с целью извлечения железа в раствор и концентрирования титана в нерастворимом остатке. В результате проведенной работы были установлены оптимальные условия выщелачивания, обеспечивающие извлечение из красного шлама железа на 80% и коцентрирование до 70 % титана в нерастворимом остатке.

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Books on the topic "Titanium solubility"

1

Tolley, W. K. Supercritical CO₂ solubility of TiCl₄. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1989.

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2

Hansen, Dennis A. Solubility of AlCl₃ in TiCl₄ and VCl₄. [Pittsburgh, Pa.]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1986.

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Tolley, W. K. Supercritical CO b2 s solubility of TiCl b4 s. Washington, DC: Dept. of the Interior, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Titanium solubility"

1

Jolivet, Jean-Pierre. "Titanium, Manganese, and Zirconium Dioxides." In Metal Oxide Nanostructures Chemistry. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190928117.003.0011.

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The dioxides of titanium (TiO2), manganese (MnO2), and zirconium (ZrO2) are important materials because of their technological uses. TiO2 is used mainly as white pigment. Because of its semiconducting properties, TiO2, in its nanomaterial form, is also used as an active component of photocells and photocatalysis for self-cleaning glasses and cements . MnO2 is used primarily in electrode materials. ZrO2 is used in refractory ceramics, abrasive materials, and stabilized zirconia as ionic conductive materials stable at high temperature. Many of these properties are, of course, dependent on particle size and shape (§ Chap. 1). Dioxides of other tetravalent elements with interesting properties have been studied elsewhere in this book, especially VO2, which exhibits a metal–isolator transition at 68°C, used, for instance, in optoelectronics (§ 4.1.5), and silica, SiO2 (§ 4.1.4), which is likely the most ubiquitous solid for many applications and uses. Aqueous chemistry is of major interest in synthesizing these oxides in the form of nanoparticles from inorganic salts and under simple, cheap, and environmental friendly conditions. However, as the tetravalent elements have restricted solubility in water (§ 2.2), metal–organic compounds such as titanium and zirconium alkoxides are frequently used in alcoholic solution as precursors for the synthesis of TiO2 and ZrO2 nanoparticles. An overview of the conversion of alkoxides into oxides is indicated about silica formation (§ 4.1.4), and since well-documented works have already been published, these compounds are not considered here. The crystal structures of most MO2 dioxides are of TiO2 rutile type for hexacoordinated cations (e.g., Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Mo, W, Sn, Pb) and CaF2 fluorite type for octacoordinated, larger cations (e.g., Zr, Ce), but polymorphism is common. Some dioxides of elements such as chromium and tin form only one crystalline phase. So, hydrolysis of SnCl4 or acidification of stannate [Sn(OH)6]2− leads both to the same rutile-type phase, cassiterite, SnO2. Many other dioxides are polymorphic, especially TiO2, which exists in three main crystal phases: anatase, brookite, and rutile; and MnO2, which gives rise to a largely diversified crystal chemistry.

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Conference papers on the topic "Titanium solubility"

1

Osborne, Z. R., and J. B. Thomas. "TITANIUM SOLUBILITY IN COESITE." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-303998.

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2

Wielage, B., H. Podlesak, A. Wank, K. J. Matthes, G. Kolbe, and J. Wilden. "Protection of Titanium Alloy Surfaces by Thermal Spraying and Laser Treatment." In ITSC2003, edited by Basil R. Marple and Christian Moreau. ASM International, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2003p0175.

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Abstract Titanium alloys are used in several fields due to their outstanding high specific strength, low density and excellent corrosion resistance, but the low wear resistance confines their applicability. The performance of CVD and PVD coatings is limited by the low hardness of the substrate, which cannot supply sufficient support, and conventional thermal spray coating materials do not provide the excellent corrosion properties. Laser alloying also often results in a decreased corrosion resistance and additionally in embrittlement. The use of boron for laser alloying or dispersing of diborides permits the incorporation of extremely hard boride phases without significant decrease of the matrix materials corrosion resistance and ductility, as there is no solubility of boron in titanium. Laser alloying with boron paste and dispersing of TiB2 in Ti6Al4V surfaces is carried out with CO2 lasers and an adapted inert gas shower apparatus. Typically a melt pool depth of 200 - 300 µm is achieved and the boride precipitates permit an increase of the surface hardness from 350 HV0.05 in the initial state to about 800 HV0.05. The surface area is characterized by means of optical microscopy, SEM and EDXS. Vacuum plasma spraying is used to provide a technology for deposition of TiB2 layers with defined thickness prior to laser treatment on surfaces with complex shape and in order to evaluate the direct applicability of thermally sprayed TiB2 coatings.

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Larker, Richard, Johan Ockborn, and Bengt Selling. "Diffusion Bonding of CMSX-4 to Udimet 720 Using PVD-Coated Interfaces and HIP." In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/98-gt-589.

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There is an increasing interest in development of manufacturing methods for Dual Property BLISKs, consisting of creep resistant airfoils and fatigue resistant disks bonded together by a durable joint. Optimum heat treatments are, however, very different for creep resistant single crystal CMSX-4 and fatigue resistant poly-crystalline Udimet 720 selected in this study, but fortunately the first ageing treatment for CMSX-4 (1140°C, 2–6h, AC) is similar to the partial solution treatment of U 720 HS2 (1115°C, 4h, OQ). Based on this, diffusion bonding was performed by HIP at 1120°C and 200 MPa argon pressure for 4h, followed by cooling to 400°C. Subsequently, a shortened Udimet 720 HS2 two-step ageing treatment was adopted by heating to 650°C for 6h followed by cooling to 400°C, heating to 760°C for 2h, and finally cooling to R.T. under remaining HIP pressure. Plasma etching followed by thin (80 nm) PVD coating with either nickel or titanium were used to clean and protect the polished surfaces before joining. The selection of coatings was governed by the possibility to reduce oxidized nickel by flushing with hydrogen at 330°C during evacuation of the HIP capsules, and by the large solubility of oxygen in titanium. Hot tensile testing was performed at 750°C on both joined and reference materials subjected to the modified heat treatment. Initially solution treated Udimet 720 and CMSX-4 comprised the reference materials. The testing showed that joints with Ni-PVD coatings were almost as strong as Udimet 720 (although with very limited elongation), while the joints with Ti-PVD coatings were weaker.

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Laux, Britta, Sebastian Piegert, and Joachim Ro¨sler. "Advancements in Fast Epitaxial High-Temperature Brazing of Single-Crystalline Nickel-Base Superalloys." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59264.

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High temperature diffusion brazing is a very important technology for filling cracks in components from single-crystalline nickel-base superalloys as used in aircraft engines and stationary gas turbines: alloys, which are similar to the base material, are enhanced by a fast diffusing melting-point depressant (MPD) like boron or silicon, which causes solidification by diffusing into the base material. Generally, epitaxial solidification of single-crystalline materials can be achieved by use of conventional braze alloys, however, very long hold times are necessary to provide a complete diffusion of the MPD out of the braze gap. If the temperature is lowered before diffusion is completed, brittle secondary phases precipitate, which serve as nucleation sites for stray grains and, therefore, lead to deteriorating mechanical properties. It was demonstrated in earlier works that nickel-manganese-based braze alloys are appropriate systems for the braze repair of particularly wide gaps in the range of more than 200 μm, which allow a significant shortening of the required hold times. This is caused by the complete solubility of manganese in nickel: epitaxial solidification can be controlled by cooling in addition to diffusion. In this work, it will be shown that the nickel-manganese-based systems can be enhanced by chromium and aluminium, which is with regard to high-temperature applications a very important aspect. Furthermore, it will be demonstrated that silicon, which could be identified as appropriate secondary MPD in recent works, can be replaced by titanium, as this element has additionally a γ′ stabilizing effect. Several braze alloys containing nickel, manganese, chromium, aluminium and titanium will be presented. Previously, the influence of the above mentioned elements on the nickel-manganese-based systems will be visualized by thermodynamic simulations. Afterwards, different compositions in combination with a heat treatment, which is typical for nickel-base superalloys, will be discussed: a microstructure, which is very similar to that within the base material can be presented.

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