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Journal articles on the topic 'Titanium-doping'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Mogal, Sajid I., Manish Mishra, Vimal G. Gandhi, and Rajesh J. Tayade. "Metal Doped Titanium Dioxide: Synthesis and Effect of Metal Ions on Physico-Chemical and Photocatalytic Properties." Materials Science Forum 734 (December 2012): 364–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.734.364.

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Titanium dioxide (Titania; TiO2) is one of the most widely used metal oxide semiconductor in the field of photocatalysis for removal of pollutants. It has been noted that titanium dioxide is a research friendly material as its physico-chemical and catalytic properties can be easily altered as per specific application. Since many years, researchers have tried to modify the properties of titanium dioxide by means of doping with metals and non-metals to improve its performance for photocatalytic degradation (PCD) applications. The doping of various metal ions like Ag, Ni, Co, Au, Cu, V, Ru, Fe, La, Pt, Cr, Ce, etc. in titanium dioxide have been found to be influencing the band gap, surface area, particle size, thermal property, etc. and therefore the photocatalytic activity in PCD. Moreover, photocatalytic activity of doped titanium dioxide has been observed in visible light range (i.e., at wavelength >400 nm). In this review, different synthesis route for doping of metal ions in titanium dioxide have been emphasised. The effect of metal dopant on the structural, textural and photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide has been reviewed.

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2

Fedorov, Sergei N., Vladimir Yuryevich Bazhin, and Vladimir G. Povarov. "Doping Titanium Dioxide by Fluoride Ion." Materials Science Forum 946 (February 2019): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.946.181.

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Titanium dioxide has a special feature: anatase, to rutile transformation which was considered in our investigations. It is especially important to keep anatase form of titanium dioxide for photocatalytic materials, different ceramics with tribo-chemical properties, self-cleaning coatings and self-sterilizing coatings. For that only one of the titanium dioxide forms is more suitable – anatase, which is more active but not stable, because it transforms to rutile during the time or with the temperature increase loses its activity. Different methods of stabilising anatase have been considered in the paper. Several doping agents have been determined and it was chosen fluorine ion to modify titanium dioxide. Stabilization of anatase is achieved by preparing the reaction mixture by a sol-gel method with hydrofluoric acid. It has shown thermodynamic data, results of experiment, temperatures of anatase to rutile transformation of non-doped and doped titanium dioxide, its X-Ray diffraction and TGA. It is proved that titanium dioxide doped by fluorine ion keeps anatase form till the temperature is more than 1000 °C.

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3

Hashim, Faiz, Khamim Ismail, Aizuddin Supee, Firdaus Omar, Zainatul Izzah Ab. Ghani, Ain Ajeerah Ramli, and Syariffah Nurathirah Syed Yaacob. "Aluminum Doped Titanium Dioxide Thin Film for Perovskite Electron Transport Layer." Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 18, no. 5 (December 15, 2022): 550–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v18n5.2555.

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Aluminum (Al) doped titanium dioxide thin film with different Al doping concentration (Al = 0 mol%, 1 mol%, 3 mol%, 5 mol% and 7 mol%) were deposited using solution spin coating technique and the effect of Al concentration on the structural, morphological and optical properties were examine. All samples were annealed at 450°C for 1 hour. XRD reveal that the films exhibits anatase crystal phase at (101) peak orientation. Based on the FESEM and AFM image it is found that, surface morphology of the film was significantly affected with different doping concentration. Al doped titanium dioxide with 3 mol% Al concentration shows the highest transmittance compared to others samples. Consequently, it is shown that different Al doping concentration plays vital roles in producing an optimum Al doped titanium dioxide thin films samples.

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4

Wu, Weihua, Long Zheng, Jianzhong Xue, Xiaoqin Zhu, and Jiwei Zhai. "Crystallization properties and structural evolution of amorphous Ti-doped Sn₂₀Sb₈₀ thin layers induced by heating and irradiating." Journal of Applied Physics 131, no. 19 (May 21, 2022): 195105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0088791.

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Sb-rich Sn20Sb80 thin layers with different titanium components were comprehensively investigated in terms of the crystallization properties and structural characterization. The phase transition behaviors induced by heating and irradiating were obtained from in situ resistance and reflectivity measurement. After doping the titanium element, the phase transformation temperature and resistance enhance remarkably, meaning the better thermal stability and lower energy consumption of the Sn20Sb80 material. The structural analyses were characterized by x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy, respectively, proving that the foreign titanium atoms can block the crystallization process and reduce the grain size. All the results illustrate that doping suitable titanium will be a desirable technique to regulate the crystallization properties of the Sn20Sb80 material.

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5

Pratiwi, Vania Mitha, Agung Ari Wibowo, Widyastuti, Hariyati Purwaningsih, and Fakhri Akbar Maulana. "Characterization of NASICON Structure Prepared with Titanium Dioxide Doping for NOx Gas Sensor Application." Materials Science Forum 964 (July 2019): 168–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.964.168.

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An alternative sensor that can be used to monitor Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) levels in the air is an electrochemical sensor type such as Sodium Super Ionic Conductor (NASICON). In this study titanium doping on zirconium was carried out to improve the electrical conductivity of NASICON. This material was synthesized using the solid state method by mixing sodium carbonate, silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, titanium dioxide and some anhydrous ethanol into the Ballmill for 12 hours, dried at 80 °C for 12 hours then calcined at 1125 °C for 12 hours with heating rate of 2 °C.min-1. Then the material was pressed at 160 MPa to produce pellets with diameter of 10 mm and the sintering process was carried out at 1175 °C for 12 hours at a speed of 1 °C.min-1. The doping of Titanium was varied from 0 to 6 mol%. The XRD characterization results indicate that the formed material phase was monoclinic phase and rhombohedral phase. The most optimal electrical conductivity of 5.897x10-5 S.cm-1 was obtained by Titanium doping of 6 mol%.

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6

Di Valentin, Cristiana, Gianfranco Pacchioni, and Annabella Selloni. "Theory of Carbon Doping of Titanium Dioxide." Chemistry of Materials 17, no. 26 (December 2005): 6656–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm051921h.

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7

Jabbar, Basma Abbas, Khawla J. Tahir, Basheer M. Hussein, H. H. Obeed, Noor J. Ridha, Firas K. Mohamad Alosfur, and Rajaa A. Madlol. "Investigations on the Nonlinear Optical Properties of Eu³⁺: TiO₂ Nanoparticles via Z-Scan Technique." Materials Science Forum 1039 (July 20, 2021): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1039.245.

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Europium doped Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were prepared by Sol-Gel technique under varying condition to investigate the effects of Eu3 + doping on the optical properties of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The transmittance spectrum is clearly visible at wavelengths 394nm and 416nm, and is a result of electronic transitions of energy level of the Eu3 + ions. . The obtained composites for different doping concentration were analyzed by using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). The linear and nonlinear optical properties of the composite were studied using the Z-scan technique, and there was an increase in the nonlinear refractive index with an increase in the concentration of the Eu+3, where it reached its highest value, which is 3.01×10-10 at doping 2.3 while the linear absorption coefficient was an inverse proportion, where the highest value was at Pure titanium and it is 1.0296951×10-5 (cm/mw).

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8

Xu, Pei Yao, Xiao Xue Han, and Sa Sa Ban. "Modification of Nano-Titanium Dioxide Film and Processing Experimental Study of Tannery Waste Water." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 6391–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.6391.

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This paper was prepared by liquid phase deposition of quartz sand load nanometer titanium dioxide film, in which quartz sand as the carrier, and to Fe3+,Zn2+ as doping on the membrane was modified. The initial value of pH is 6.7,in this condition, select the heating temperature, the doping ratio of Fe3+andZn2+ to design the orthogonal experiment. CODCr removal and pH value as the evaluate index, to deal with the real tannery wastewater, discussed when Fe3+,Zn2+ co-doping, the best doping ratio of them, the best technical conditions such as heat treatment temperature; and their affect on CODCr removal rate and pH value.Under the optimum conditions, confirmed by further study that Fe3+ doped titanium dioxide modified membrane absorption band red shifts, the utilization of solar is increased, the tannery wastewater which was treated by modified membrane, its biodegradability is greatly increased.

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9

Tuluk, Anton, Siddharth Joshi, Tadhg Mahon, and Sybrand van der Zwaag. "Tuning piezoproperties of BiFeO₃ ceramic by cobalt and titanium dual doping." Journal of Applied Physics 131, no. 21 (June 7, 2022): 214104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0091768.

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Bismuth ferrite is a potentially interesting lead-free piezoelectric material for use in high-temperature applications due to its high Curie temperature. However, the high coercive field and high leakage currents of pure BiFeO3 (BFO) prevent reaching its theoretical performance level. The classic approach to tailoring piezoceramic properties to their desired use conditions is the use of doping. In this work, we produce bulk BFO piezoceramic by the conventional sintering method with single element doping with cobalt (0.125–3 at. %) or titanium (1–5 at. %) and dual doping (Co and Ti added simultaneously). Cobalt doping reduces the required field for poling and also increases the leakage currents. Titanium doping reduces the leakage currents but destroys the piezoelectric properties as the coercive field strength cannot be reached. However, when both elements are used simultaneously at their appropriate levels (0.25 at. % each), a piezoelectric ceramic material is obtained, requiring a low field for full poling (9 kV/mm) and showing excellent room temperature performance such as a d33 = 40 pC/N, a dielectric constant in the region of 100 and dielectric losses less than 1%.

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10

Mungondori, Henry H., and Lilian Tichagwa. "Photo-Catalytic Activity of Carbon/Nitrogen Doped TiO₂-SiO₂ under UV and Visible Light Irradiation." Materials Science Forum 734 (December 2012): 226–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.734.226.

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The sol gel synthesis method was used to prepare carbon and nitrogen doped titanium dioxide (TiO2) photo-catalyst using titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) as the precursor. Doping was carried out to modify the absorption band edge of titanium dioxide. To avert the problem associated with use of powder TiO2, the photo-catalyst was immobilized on glass support using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), which served as a binder and precursor for silicon dioxide (SiO2). The prepared photo-catalytic materials were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, TEM, BET and DRS. The photo-catalytic efficiency of titanium dioxide immobilized on glass support was evaluated using the degradation of methyl orange (MeO) and phenol red (PRed) under ultraviolet and visible light irradiation. Doping with carbon and nitrogen, and incorporation of silicon dioxide into the titanium dioxide matrix allowed utilization of visible light by the prepared TiO2-SiO2nanocomposites. Photo-degradation tests were carried out for doped and undoped photo-catalyst. An increased rate of photo-oxidation of methyl orange and phenol red was observed under visible light irradiation as compared to UV light irradiation.

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11

Zheng, Dongchun, Xiao-Li Zhao, Xueqi Yan, Weimin Xuan, Qi Zheng, Lianjun Wang, and Wan Jiang. "Transition-metal doped titanium-oxo clusters with diverse structures and tunable photochemical properties." New Journal of Chemistry 46, no. 7 (2022): 3083–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1nj05532a.

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12

Li, Xinzhe, Yiyun Fang, Yiping Hu, Hongfei Huo, Shiling Zhao, Xuefeng Long, Jiantai Ma, and Rong Li. "Mesoporous titanium dioxide coating on gold modified silica nanotubes: a tube-in-tube titanium nanostructure for visible-light photocatalysts." RSC Advances 5, no. 86 (2015): 69962–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra11934k.

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13

Zykov, Fedor, Igor Selyanin, Roman Shishkin, Vadim Kartashov, Konstantin Borodianskiy, and Yuliy Yuferov. "Study of the Photocatalytic Properties of Ni-Doped Nanotubular Titanium Oxide." Coatings 13, no. 1 (January 11, 2023): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13010144.

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Nanotubular titanium oxide is widely known as a prospective semiconductor photocatalyst for the process of water splitting. Its photoelectrochemical (PEC) efficiency can be improved by doping with 3d metal. In this work, the synthesis of nanotubular titanium oxide (NTO) was carried out by anodizing titanium substrates using two doping techniques. First, Ni-doped TiO2 was obtained by immersion in Ni salt solution; second, an ethylene glycol-based fluoride electrolyte containing Ni2+ ions solution was used. The obtained samples were analyzed using SEM, XRD, and photoelectrochemical methods. The produced Ni-doped NTO exhibited photocatalytic activity twice as high as that of nondoped NTO. Additionally, it was found that the immersion technique initiated a shift of the incident photon to converted electron (IPCE) spectra to the visible part of the spectrum.

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14

Khraisheh, M. A., L. Wu, and B. Antizar-Ladislao. "Investigation of the use of TiO2 doped with metal ions in water disinfection." Water Supply 10, no. 5 (December 1, 2010): 841–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2010.348.

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This research was conducted to improve titanium dioxide by transition metal doping using cooper. Sol gel method was used to prepare metal doped TiO2. Titanium isopropoxide and commercial TiO2 P25 were employed as catalyst precursor. The role played by the varied preparation parameters such as doping level and pH of solution discussed with respect to the final photoreactivity. Photoreactivity was carried out in a solar box with two UVA lamps. The photodisinfection of E. coli in aquatic solution were selected as probe to measure the photoreactivity. It is found that Cu doped TiO2 exhibited enhanced results from E. coli photodisinfection.

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15

HUANG, WEN-FEI, PIN-JIUN WU, WEI-CHIH HSU, CHIH-WEI WU, K. S. LIANG, and M. C. LIN. "CARBON-DOPEDTiO2NANOTUBES: EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL STUDIES." Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 12, no. 03 (April 19, 2013): 1350007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633613500077.

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C-doped TiO2nanotubes (NTs) with anatase structure, prepared by anodizing the polished Ti foils, were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), and synchrotron-based X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). XPS results show electron losses in C atoms, no electron change in Ti atoms, and two doping energy levels appeared in band gaps. Structural geometries, DOSs, PDOSs, and Bader charge analyses of C -doped TiO2anatase are predicted by periodic DFT calculations. Eight doping positions were taken into consideration: two substitutional cases (in oxygen and titanium sites) and six interstitial cases. We found that the interstitial carbon doping type is the most stable one, whereas the substitutional cases are rather unstable. Band-gap modifications can also be found in oxygen substitution, but not in titanium substitution. Both band-gap modification and non-band-gap modification are found in the interstitial carbon doping. In these eight C -doping systems, only the C atom in the oxygen substitution case gains electrons, 1.14 e, and others present electron losses within 0.5–4.00 e. The results of XPS measurements, DOSs calculations, and Bader charge analyses show that carbon interstitial is the most likely doping type for the C -doped TiO2NTs.

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16

Jain, Akash, and Ashwin Ramasubramaniam. "Tuning core–shell interactions in tungsten carbide–Pt nanoparticles for the hydrogen evolution reaction." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 20, no. 36 (2018): 23262–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cp04113j.

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17

Brzozowska, Weronika, Myroslav Sprynskyy, Izabela Wojtczak, Przemysław Dąbek, Michał J. Markuszewski, Andrzej Witkowski, and Bogusław Buszewski. "Metabolically Doping of 3D Diatomaceous Biosilica with Titanium." Materials 15, no. 15 (July 27, 2022): 5210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15155210.

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Diatoms represent, in terms of species number, one of the largest groups of microalgae that have the ability to synthesize phenomenal mineral composites characterized by complex hierarchical structures. Their shells, called frustules, create intricately ornamented structures, reminiscent of the most sophisticated, natural mosaics. Ordinated pore systems perforate siliceous walls of the frustules with diameters ranging from nano to micro-scale, forming openwork three-dimensional silica structures. The use of these features is one of the main challenges in developing new technological solutions. In this study we assess the ability of selected diatom species (Pseudostaurosira trainorii) for metabolic insertion of soluble titanium from the culture medium into the structure of amorphous silica cell walls by its cultivation in laboratory conditions. The study is aimed at obtaining new and strengthening the already existing optical properties of diatomaceous biosilica. The physicochemical properties of the obtained materials have been studied using a series of instrumental methods.

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18

Krispin, P., and H. Kostial. "Deep-level planar doping of titanium in GaAs." physica status solidi (b) 194, no. 1 (March 1, 1996): 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssb.2221940115.

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19

Dresvyannikov, A. F., A. N. Akhmetova, and Thu Hoa Do Thi. "SURFACE DOPING OF TITANIUM ALLOY WITH NANOSIZED PALLADIUM." Herald Of Technological University 25, no. 11 (2022): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.55421/1998-7072_2022_25_11_92.

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20

Burungale, V. V., Hyojung Bae, A. S. Kamble, J. H. Kim, P. S. Patil, and J. S. Ha. "Studies on interstitial carbon doping from a Ti precursor in a hierarchical TiO2 nanostructured photoanode by a single step hydrothermal route." RSC Advances 10, no. 48 (2020): 28492–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra04744a.

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21

Nakahira, Atsushi, Yusuke Kawabe, Hironobu Nishimoto, and Hiroshi Onodera. "Synthesis of S and N Co-Doped Mesoporous Titanium Oxideby Anodization Processs." Key Engineering Materials 616 (June 2014): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.616.72.

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Uni-directionally arranged mesoporous titanium oxide powders were prepared for titanium sheet through electrochemical anodization, one-step anodization with mixture of HNO3 and H2SO4 or two-steps anodization with HNO3 after H2SO4. The characterization of novel titanium oxide was carried out by XRD, XPS, SEM and TEM. The doping of S and N was confirmed with XPS evaluations during the anodization process in mixture of HNO3 and H2SO4. Furthermore, the S and N co-doped titanium oxide possessed the unique mesoporous structure.

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22

Jia, X. L., Y. Wang, R. S. Xin, Quan Li Jia, and Hai Jun Zhang. "Preparation of Rare-Earth Element Doped Titanium Oxide Thin Films and Photocatalysis Properties." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 1946–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.1946.

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Rare-earth doped porous nanocrystalline TiO2 films were prepared via sol-gel method. The effect of preparation conditions on the properties of the resulting thin films, such as structure, surface topography and photocatalysis properties was analyzed. It indicated that appropriate doping of rare-earth element improves the photocatalysis ability of the thin titanium oxide films. The thin titanium oxide films have good photocatalysis properties in visible light region because of the red shift of energy level. It also revealed that uni-doped of cobalt is better than that of cobalt and lanthanum, while co-doping of cerium, cobalt and lanthanum may cause the best photocatalysis properties.

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23

Han, Li, Yan Gao, Xing Gao, Weijuan Gong, and Hui Wang. "Degradation of Organic Pollutants by Titanium Dioxide Matrix Composites." E3S Web of Conferences 245 (2021): 02039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124502039.

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As a semiconductor material, titanium dioxide has the advantages of stable chemical properties, no pollution and low price, which is widely used in the field of organic pollutant degradation. The modification methods of semiconductor composite and nonmetallic doping for titanium dioxide are described. The degradation efficiency of modified titanium dioxide composite for organic pollutants is proposed. The advantages and disadvantages of the composite in preparation and application are pointed out. Finally, the development direction of modified titanium dioxide composite in the future is described.

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24

Thoř, T., K. Rubešová, V. Jakeš, R. Kučerková, J. Pejchal, and M. Nikl. "Titanium-doped LiAlO₂ ceramics for neutron scintillation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2413, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2413/1/012015.

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A series of bulk ceramic samples of titanium-doped LiAlO2 with doping concentrations of 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 at% were prepared using a sol-gel method. The LiAlO2:Ti samples showed emission in two spectral regions around 380 and 765 nm associated with the CT transition of Ti4+ and the d-d transition of Fe3+ impurities, respectively. The sample composition with 0.5 at% doping concentration exhibited the highest emission intensity. Furthermore, dense ceramic samples with 0.5 at% Ti-doping were prepared using spark plasma sintering. These samples exhibited intense CT luminescence of Ti4+ at 380 nm with a decay time of approximately 2.3 μs, while the emission of Fe3+ impurities was mostly suppressed.

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25

Petrikova, Elizaveta A., Yurii F. Ivanov, and Anton D. Teresov. "The Method of Receiving of Surface Alloys Si-Ti System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 682 (October 2014): 87–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.682.87.

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The technique has been developed and the possibility of doping titanium by silicon to form a multilayer composite Ti (base) / Ti5Si3 (surface layer) material, which is special interesting as a high-temperature light material due to the formation of high-temperature (Tm = 2400 K) of titanium silicideTi5Si3, synthesized in a single vacuum cycle during high-intensity electron beam treatment of submillisecond duration on the film (silicon) / substrate (titanium), formed by spraying silicon by electron beam.

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26

Salih, Amer M., Zuheer N. Majeed, and Sabri J. Mohammed. "Graphene and its Effect on the Structural and Optical Properties of TiO2 Nano Thin Films Prepared by PLD Technique." NeuroQuantology 20, no. 5 (May 2, 2022): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/nq.2022.20.5.nq22161.

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In this study, thin films were prepared from pure titanium dioxide doped with graphene (1, 3, 5, 7%) wt using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. The X-ray diffraction results showed that the prepared films were polycrystalline with a quaternary structure. It is noted that there are diffraction peaks corresponding to the levels (101, 004, 200, 211), and in the preferential direction (101), we notice that the intensity of the peak (101) decreases with increasing doping with the appearance of a new peak when doping at rates (5, 7%)and angle (26.5 ) This peak represents graphene oxide, and that the grain size decreased with increasing doping with graphene, where the grain size ranged between (20-40) nm. EDX analysis also shows that the results of the ratios were close to the required ratios, The results showed in the scanning electron microscope that the increase in the percentage of doping leads to the crystallization and agglomeration of graphene oxide and its rise over the Titanium dioxide (TiO2) until the surface reaches the state of collapse. The optical properties revealed an increase in the value of the energy gap by increasing the doping with graphene oxide, as it ranged between (3.15-3.7) eV.

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27

Chisaka, Mitsuharu. "Creation of oxygen reduction reaction active sites on titanium oxynitride without increasing the nitrogen doping level." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 20, no. 23 (2018): 15613–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cp01420e.

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28

Bajili, Abdil, Dahyunir Dahlan, and Akrajas Ali Umar. "Sintesis Nanopartikel Titanium Dioksida Didoping Rhutenium." JURNAL ILMU FISIKA | UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS 8, no. 2 (January 26, 2017): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jif.8.2.54-59.2016.

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Nanopartikel titanium dioksoda (TiO2) yang didoping ruthenium (Ru/TiO2) ditumbuhi dengan menggunakan metode penumbuhan Liquid Phase Deposition (LPD) telah berhasil dilakukan. Konsentrasi doping ruthenium yang digunakan adalah 2,5 mM. Variasi lama waktu penumbuhan dilakukan selama 3 jam, 5 jam, 7 jam dan 10 jam. Kemudian dilakukan karakterisasi Ultraviolet-visible, fotoelektron sinar-x dan teknik difraksi sinar-x. Energi gap yang didapatkan dengan waktu penumbuhan 3 jam dan 5 jam adalah 3,22 eV dan 3,28 eV. Sedangkan waktu penumbuhan 7 jam dan 10 jam adalah 3,16 eV dan 3,29 eV. Morfologi dari Ru/TiO2 bersifat nanopori dengan fasa adalah anatase. Kata kunci: Liquid Phase Deposition (LPD), nanopartikel Ru/TiO2, doping ruthenium, fase anatase.

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29

Zhang, Pei Lin, Shu Yin, and Tsugio Sato. "Co-Doping Effect of Metal Ion on the Visible Light Responsive Photocatalytic Properties of Nitrogen Doped Titanium Dioxide." Advances in Science and Technology 63 (October 2010): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.63.36.

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Different valences of metal ions such as Fe3+ and Nb5+ were co-doped with nitrogen ion into titanium dioxide by hydrothermal method using metal chlorides and hexamethylenetetramine as the sources of metal ions and nitrogen ion, respectively. The co-doping of low-content metal ion showed no noticeable influence on the crystalline phases and specific surface area (S.S.A.) of the samples. Doping with Fe ion could significantly enhance the absorption in visible light region, but doping with Nb ion showed almost no effect. The photocatalytic activities of the samples were determined for the oxidative destruction of NO gas under various wavelengths. Co-doping with Nb ion improved the deNOx ability, but co-doping with Fe ion depressed it, indicating that co-doping with higher valence metal ion was effective in reducing the vacancy in the lattice which acts as the recombination center of the photo-induced electrons and holes, and achieving higher photocatalytic activity.

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30

Wang, Li, Dong Mei Jia, and Zeng Qiang Zhao. "Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange Using Doped Titanium Dioxide Coating." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 112–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.112.

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Titanium dioxide (TiO2) coating was prepared through dipping stainless steel net into titanium dioxide sol and then extracting it. The photocatalytic activities for all titanium dioxide coatings were tested by methyl orange degradation under ultraviolet and visible light irradiation. The photo-absorption property was determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The titanium dioxide coating is photo-catalytically reactive for the degradation of methyl orange. The photo-catalytic activity is influenced by extraction times, degradation time, doping element and light source. La-doped titanium dioxide exhibits the best photocatalytic activity in comparison with undoped, V-doped and La-V-codoped ones. The degradation rate of methyl orange by La-doped titanium dioxide coating reaches 92% after 70 minutes irradiation under ultraviolet light.

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31

Gökdemir, Fatma Pınar, Ayşe Evrim Saatci, Orhan Özdemir, and Kubilay Kutlu. "Structural Modification of Sol-Gel Synthesized V2O5and TiO2Thin Films with/without Erbium Doping." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/795384.

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Comparative work of with/without erbium- (Er-) doped vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films were carried out via sol-gel technique by dissolving erbium (III) nitrate pentahydrate (Er(NO3)3·5H2O) in vanadium (V) oxoisopropoxide (OV[OCH(CH3)2]3) and titanium (IV) isopropoxide (Ti[OCH(CH3)2]4). Effect of Er doping was traced by Fourier transform IR (FTIR), thermogravimetric/differential thermal (TG/DTA), and photoluminescence measurements. UV-Vis transmission/absorption measurement indicated a blue shift upon Er doping in V2O5film due to the softening of V=O bond while appearance of typical absorption peaks in Er-doped TiO2film. Granule size of the films increased (reduced) upon Er substitution on host material compared to undoped V2O5and TiO2films, respectively.

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32

Pechen, L. S., E. V. Makhonina, A. E. Medvedeva, Yu A. Politov, and I. L. Eremenko. "Effect of Titanium Doping of Lithium-Rich Cathode Materials." Doklady Physical Chemistry 502, no. 1 (January 2022): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0012501622010031.

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33

Belov, N. A., A. N. Alabin, E. G. Karacharova, and N. B. Emelina. "Appropriateness of doping silumins with titanium and zirconium additives." Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals 51, no. 4 (August 2010): 308–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1067821210040097.

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34

Umebayashi, T., T. Yamaki, H. Itoh, and K. Asai. "Band gap narrowing of titanium dioxide by sulfur doping." Applied Physics Letters 81, no. 3 (July 15, 2002): 454–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1493647.

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35

Kruk, Izabella, Joanna E. L. Waldron, and Mark A. Green. "Titanium Doping of the Metallic One-Dimensional Antiferromagnet, Nb12O29." Inorganics 7, no. 5 (May 23, 2019): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics7050066.

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Monoclinic Nb12O29 undergoes a charge ordering transition to form antiferromagnetic Nb4+ chains (TN ~ 12 K) spaced 15.7 Å apart, which are coupled through mediation from a subset of metallic electrons which are present over all temperature regimes. We present the effects of disrupting the delicate electronic equilibrium in monoclinic Nb12O29 through doping Nb4+ (d1) with Ti4+ (d0) ions in the series, TixNb12−xO29. Powder neutron diffraction demonstrates that Ti is distributed over all of the 6 crystallographically distinct Nb positions. Magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal a rapid suppression of the magnetic ordered state on Ti doping, with a 3% percolation threshold consistent with the existence of one-dimensional Nb4+ chains. The reduction of the number of unpaired electrons on Ti4+ doping is shown to depopulate both localised and itinerant electron subsets, demonstrating that they are intrinsic to the properties of the system, which is argued to be a direct consequence of the mixture of bonding schemes within the lattice.

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36

Yamaki, T., T. Umebayashi, T. Sumita, S. Yamamoto, M. Maekawa, A. Kawasuso, and H. Itoh. "Fluorine-doping in titanium dioxide by ion implantation technique." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 206 (May 2003): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-583x(03)00735-3.

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37

Ramos, Raul, Diego Scoca, Rafael Borges Merlo, Francisco Chagas Marques, Fernando Alvarez, and Luiz Fernando Zagonel. "Study of nitrogen ion doping of titanium dioxide films." Applied Surface Science 443 (June 2018): 619–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.02.259.

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38

Lin, Shu-Wei, and Yong Gan. "Photoresponse of Nanocomopsite Titanium Dioxide with Transitional Metal Doping." Archives of Current Research International 3, no. 2 (January 10, 2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/acri/2016/23736.

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39

Morikawa, Takeshi, Ryoji Asahi, Takeshi Ohwaki, Koyu Aoki, and Yasunori Taga. "Band-Gap Narrowing of Titanium Dioxide by Nitrogen Doping." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 40, Part 2, No. 6A (June 1, 2001): L561—L563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.40.l561.

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40

Gao, Xue, Jia Xiang Shang, and Yue Zhang. "First-Principles Study of Nonmetal-Doped Titanium Oxides." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 2507–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.2507.

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The electronic structures of anatase titanium oxides (TiO2) substitutional doping with N, F, C, P and S for O have been studied by first-principles method based on the density functional theory. The lattice distortion and densities of states of nonmetal-doped anatase TiO2 as well as photocatalytic activity were discussed. Comparing the effects of these five nonmetal ions (N, F, C, P and S) in the anatase TiO2, the substitutional doping of N is the most effective to get better visible-light activity because of its least lattice distortion and a large band-gap narrowing effect and the suitable relative position of the impurity states in band gap.

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41

Pham, Hieu H., and Lin-Wang Wang. "Electronic structures and current conductivities of B, C, N and F defects in amorphous titanium dioxide." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 17 (2015): 11908–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp00890e.

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42

Chen, Qili, Min Liu, Kaihua He, and Bo Li. "Electronic Structures of S/C-Doped TiO2Anatase (101) Surface: First-Principles Calculations." International Journal of Photoenergy 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/816234.

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The electronic structures of sulfur (S) or carbon (C)-doped TiO2anatase (101) surfaces have been investigated by density functional theory (DFT) plane-wave pseudopotential method. The general gradient approximation (GGA) +U(Hubbard coefficient) method has been adopted to describe the exchange-correlation effects. All the possible doping situations, including S/C dopants at lattice oxygen (O) sites (anion doping), S/C dopants at titanium (Ti) sites (cation doping), and the coexisting of anion and cation doping, were studied. By comparing the formation energies, it was found that the complex of anion and cation doping configuration forms easily in the most range of O chemical potential for both S and C doping. The calculated density of states for various S/C doping systems shows that the synergistic effects of S impurities at lattice O and Ti sites lead a sharp band gap narrowing of 1.35 eV for S-doped system comparing with the pure TiO2system.

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43

Alparslan, Zühal, Arif Kösemen, Osman Örnek, Yusuf Yerli, and S. Eren San. "-Based Organic Hybrid Solar Cells with Doping." International Journal of Photoenergy 2011 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/734618.

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A hybrid solar cell is designed and proposed as a feasible and reasonable alternative, according to acquired efficiency with the employment of TiO2(titanium dioxide) and Mn-doped TiO2thin films. In the scope of this work, TiO2(titanium dioxide) and Mn:TiO2hybrid organic thin films are proposed as charge transporter layer in polymer solar cells. Poly(3-hexylthiophene):phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT: PCBM) is used as active layer. When the Mn-doped TiO2solar cells were compared with pure TiO2cells, Mn-doped samples revealed a noteworthy efficiency enhancement with respect to undoped-TiO2-based cells. The highest conversion efficiency was obtained to be 2.44% at the ratio of 3.5% (wt/wt) Mn doping.

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44

Prajitno, Djoko Hadi, Ahmad Brian Pratama, and Pawawoi Pawawoi. "Perilaku Elektrokimia Paduan Bio Inert Ti-6Al-4V Bahan Implant Yang Di Doping Dengan Nb Dalam Media Minuman Berkarbonasi." Journal of Chemical Process Engineering 4, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33536/jcpe.v4i1.306.

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Penelitian ini untuk mempelajari pengaruh doping unsur Nb terhadap paduan bioinert Ti-6Al-4V dengan metode elektrokimia sebagai bahan implant dalam media minuman berkarbonasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mempebaiki biokompatibel paduan Ti-6Al-4V yang telah di doping dengan Nb dalam media minuman berkabonasi. Pembuatan paduan Ti-6Al-4V-xNb (x= 0, 1 dan 2 %wt) dilakukan dengan melebur Ti-6Al-4V dan Nb dalam tungku busur listrik. Perilaku elektrokimia paduan Ti-6Al-4V yang telah di doping dengan unsur Nb di uji menggunakan potensiostat dengan metode polarisasi Tafel dengan waktu perendaman selama 0 menit, 60 menit, dan 120 didalam media minuman berkarbonasi pada temperatur kamar. Hasil data pengujian polarisasi Tafel diolah dengan software Echem Analist V.5.66 sehingga didapatkan besaran laju korosi paduan Ti-6Al-4V dalam media minuman berkarnonasi. Permukaan paduan hasil pengujian polarisasi Tafel dievaluasi dengan difraksi sinar X. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukan bahwa paduan Ti-6Al-4V-xNb (x= 0, 1 dan 2 %wt) akan meningkat biokompatibelnya dengan meningkatnya ketahanan korosi dalam media minuman berkabornasi bila paduan titanium yang di doping dengan Nb dengan jumlah yang lebih besar. Hal tersebut terjadi dikarenakan penambahan Nb pada paduan titanium Ti-6Al-4V terjadi peningkatan transisi dari aktif menjadi pasif. Hasil evaluasi sampel menggunakan difraksi sinar X menujukkan bahwa pada permukaan sampel terdapat lapisan pasif. Dari data di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa biokompatibel paduan Ti-6Al-4V dalam minuman berkabonasi yang telah di doping dengan Nb unjuk kerjanya akan meningkat.

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45

Sikirman, Arman, Jagannathan Krishnan, Junaidah Jai, and Senusi Faraziehan. "Preparation, Characterization and Effectivity of N, Fe-TiO₂ as a Visible Light Active Photocatalyst." Advanced Materials Research 894 (February 2014): 245–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.894.245.

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Surface modification of the titanium dioxide by doping and co-doping with nitrogen and iron in order to make the photocatalyst active under visible light was investigated. Solgel method was adapted for the preparation of surface modified titanium dioxide, where tetra titanium isopropoxide, ammonium nitrate and ferric nitrate were used as precursors while maintaining the dopant concentration and calcination temperature at 0.75% and 600°C, respectively. The prepared photocatalyst samples were characterized by XRD, FE-SEM and FTIR in order to study their physical properties. The results from XRD confirmed that all prepared photocatalyst were of anatase phase. FE-SEM image analysis revealed the formation of fine particles and the FTIR analysis verified the presence of dopants. The effectivity of photocatalysts was tested by performing a standard batch photocatalytic degradation experiment with methylene blue as a model pollutant under visible light. The result showed that co-doped photocatalyst (0.75% N, 075% Fe-TiO2-600) yielded a maximum of 76% methylene blue degraded within three hours of irradiation time.

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Li, Xi-Yang, Qian-Lin Chen, Min Yang, Ya-Nan Li, and Jing-Bo Ma. "Recent Developments in the Effects of Different Dopants on the Structure and Property of Lithium Titanate Material." Nano 14, no. 03 (March 2019): 1930002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292019300020.

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The lithium titanium spinel Li4Ti5O[Formula: see text] has attracted more and more attention as anode materials applied in lithium ion batteries. Li4Ti5O[Formula: see text] material has been found to be able to intercalate lithium ions without deformation of the lattice. However, compared with graphite and other anode materials, the low conductivity of Li4Ti5O[Formula: see text] restricts its charging and discharging rate. Doping is deemed to be a businesslike method to enhance ionic and electronic conductivity of Li4Ti5O[Formula: see text]. This paper reviews the effects of Li4Ti5O[Formula: see text] with different doping ions on different crystal lattice states. And it has been found by a summary that the doping objective of doping ions at Li4Ti5O[Formula: see text] is also different. Moreover, the applications of ion doping in different fields of Li4Ti5O[Formula: see text] are prospected.

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47

Jin, Xing, Jin Lan Lian, and Yu Qiao. "REE Lanthanum Doping Influence on the Photocatalysis Properties of Titanium Dioxide." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 388–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.388.

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Lanthanum doping TiO2 were prepared by sol-gel method, an the photocatalytic degradation experiments were performed by using methyl orange solution as a target degradant. The results indicated that Suitable doping quantity of lanthanum can improve the photocatalytic activity of nanometer TiO2 powders. On the basis of 50 mL methyl orange solution what concentration is 20 mg/L, photocatalytic activity is the best when doping quantity of lanthanum were 1.0 wt %. Through the relatively experiments by using sunshine and ultraviolet as light source, the results indicated that the La3+ doping broaden the scope of visible light area what TiO2 response to.

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48

Liu, Yi Wu, Bi Wang, Bing Wei Luo, and Qian He. "Fabrication of Ytterbium-Doped Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Using Collagen as Template." Advanced Materials Research 873 (December 2013): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.873.183.

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Yb-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles were synthesized using collagen as the template, and characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra. The effect of doping concentration and calcination temperature on structure of TiO2was discussed. The results showed the Yb-TiO2nanoparticles have high crystallinity with the size of 18-28 nm. Ytterbium doping could inhibit the phase transformation from anatase to rutile of TiO2, reduce the crystallite size, improve thermal stability, and improve the light absorption. This study indicates that collagen could be used as an ideal biological template to prepare metal oxide nanoparticles with high crystallinity.

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49

Шабанов, Н. С., А. Б. Исаев, Ф. Ф. Оруджев, and Э. К. Мурлиев. "Преобразование солнечного света в ячейках с сенсибилизированным красителем на основе модифицированных кобальтом и иттрием нанотрубок TiO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-." Письма в журнал технической физики 44, no. 2 (2018): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/pjtf.2018.02.45463.16779.

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AbstractThe solar-energy conversion in eosin-sensitized solar cells based on cobalt and yttrium modified TiO2 nanotubes has been studied.It is established that the doping with metal ions shifts the absorption edge for Co and Y doped titanium dioxide samples to longer and shorter wavelengths, respectively. The efficiency of solar energy conversion depends on the wide bandgap of the semiconductor anode and reaches a maximum (4.4%) for yttrium-doped TiO_2 in comparison to that (4.1%) for pure titanium dioxide.

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Середа Д.Б. "OPERATIONAL PROPERTIES OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS WITH PROTECTIVE COATINGS OBTAINED UNDER NON-STATIONARY TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS." Перспективні технології та прилади, no. 17 (December 29, 2020): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36910/6775-2313-5352-2020-17-18.

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The structure and phase composition of chromium-alloy coatings consisting of the following phases are investigated in the work: when boron doping the coating on brass C68700 consists of phases: Cu3Al, CuB, CuZn2 and zones of solid solution Cr, Al, B in copper; during titanium doping Cu3Al and CuAl phases in the transition zone: phases CuTi and CuTi2 When tested on A572 steels, in conditions of sliding friction, the best wear resistance among the considered protective coatings are doped with titanium and boron. Their wear resistance is 1,8 – 2,1 times higher than that of coatings obtained under isothermal conditions. Under non-stationary temperature conditions, the microhardness reaches the following values: when doped with boron H100 = 16500 – 17500 MPa, when doped with silicon H100 = 13500 – 14500 MPa, when doped with titanium H100 = 15000 – 16000 MPa. The obtained results correlate with the indicators of wear resistance. A comparative analysis of the corrosion resistance of protective coatings obtained under non-stationary temperature conditions and isothermal conditions shows that they have a weight loss of 1.7–2.1 times less. It was found that when tested in a 30% aqueous solution of sulfuric acid, all protective coatings have good stability. Thus, when doped with boron, the weight loss is 15,2 g/m2, при when doped with silicon - 10,8 g/m2, and when doped with titanium - – 9,9 g/m2.

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