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Journal articles on the topic 'Titanium doped sapphire'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Raymond, T. D., and A. V. Smith. "Injection-seeded titanium-doped-sapphire laser." Optics Letters 16, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.16.000033.

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2

Fraser, D. J., and M. H. R. Hutchinson. "A high intensity titanium-doped sapphire laser." Journal of Modern Optics 43, no. 5 (May 1996): 1055–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09500349608233265.

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3

Xiao, S. Q., D. A. Phillips, and A. H. Heuer. "New titanium oxide precipitates in Ti-doped sapphire." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 51 (August 1, 1993): 954–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100150605.

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When Ti-doped α-Al2O3 single crystals are annealed at 1400°C, needle-like rutile TiO2 precipitates form on the basal plane of α-Al2O3 and cause the asterism in star sapphire. Tetragonal rutile has a = 0.459 nm and c = 0.296 nm, and has the following orientation relationship with the α-Al2O3 matrix: (100)r // (0001)s and <011>r // <100>s, where the subscripts r and s refer to the rutile and sapphire, respectively. Moon and Phillips studied the precipitation in natural blue sapphire containing both Fe and Ti. They found that rutile precipitates formed after annealing at 1350°C but an orthorhombic α-TiO2 precipitate formed after annealing at 1150°C. In this study, Ti-doped α-Al2O3 single crystals were annealed at 1300°C. TEM specimens were prepared with their plane normals parallel to <110>s, <100>s and <0001>s, respectively, and ion beam thinned to electron transparency.Three different types of precipitates are present in the α-Al2O3 matrix. The first is the needlelike rutile precipitate lying on (0001)s, with the needle axes parallel to <100>s.
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4

Lacovara, P., L. Esterowitz, and M. Kokta. "Growth, spectroscopy, and lasing of titanium-doped sapphire." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 21, no. 10 (October 1985): 1614–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jqe.1985.1072563.

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5

Kiriyama, Hiromitsu, Alexander S. Pirozhkov, Mamiko Nishiuchi, Yuji Fukuda, Akito Sagisaka, Akira Kon, Yasuhiro Miyasaka, et al. "Petawatt Femtosecond Laser Pulses from Titanium-Doped Sapphire Crystal." Crystals 10, no. 9 (September 3, 2020): 783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10090783.

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Ultra-high intensity femtosecond lasers have now become excellent scientific tools for the study of extreme material states in small-scale laboratory settings. The invention of chirped-pulse amplification (CPA) combined with titanium-doped sapphire (Ti:sapphire) crystals have enabled realization of such lasers. The pursuit of ultra-high intensity science and applications is driving worldwide development of new capabilities. A petawatt (PW = 1015 W), femtosecond (fs = 10−15 s), repetitive (0.1 Hz), high beam quality J-KAREN-P (Japan Kansai Advanced Relativistic ENgineering Petawatt) Ti:sapphire CPA laser has been recently constructed and used for accelerating charged particles (ions and electrons) and generating coherent and incoherent ultra-short-pulse, high-energy photon (X-ray) radiation. Ultra-high intensities of 1022 W/cm2 with high temporal contrast of 10−12 and a minimal number of pre-pulses on target has been demonstrated with the J-KAREN-P laser. Here, worldwide ultra-high intensity laser development is summarized, the output performance and spatiotemporal quality improvement of the J-KAREN-P laser are described, and some experimental results are briefly introduced.
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6

Brockman, Philip, Clayton H. Bair, James C. Barnes, Robert V. Hess, and Edward V. Browell. "Pulsed injection control of a titanium-doped sapphire laser." Optics Letters 11, no. 11 (November 1, 1986): 712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.11.000712.

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7

Nazarenko, P. N., N. V. Okladnikov, and G. A. Skripko. "Nonlinear refraction in sapphire crystals doped with trivalent titanium." Journal of Applied Spectroscopy 55, no. 1 (July 1991): 722–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00661730.

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8

Alombert-Goget, Guillaume, Yannick Guyot, Abdeldjelil Nehari, Omar Benamara, Nicholas Blanchard, Alain Brenier, Nicolas Barthalay, and Kheirreddine Lebbou. "Scattering defect in large diameter titanium-doped sapphire crystals grown by the Kyropoulos technique." CrystEngComm 20, no. 4 (2018): 412–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ce02004j.

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9

DeShazer, L. G., K. W. Kangas, and J. M. Eggleston. "Saturation of green absorption in titanium-doped sapphire laser crystals." Optics Letters 13, no. 5 (May 1, 1988): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.13.000363.

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10

Bussière, B., O. Utéza, N. Sanner, M. Sentis, G. Riboulet, L. Vigroux, M. Commandré, F. Wagner, J. Y. Natoli, and J. P. Chambaret. "Bulk laser-induced damage threshold of titanium-doped sapphire crystals." Applied Optics 51, no. 32 (November 9, 2012): 7826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.51.007826.

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11

Hartnett, John G., Michael E. Tobar, and Jerzy Krupka. "Complex paramagnetic susceptibility in titanium-doped sapphire at microwave frequencies." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 34, no. 6 (March 14, 2001): 959–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/34/6/318.

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12

Toth, M., and M. R. Phillips. "Contrast formation mechanisms in the environmental scanning electron microscope." Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, S2 (August 1999): 274–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600014690.

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Uncoated, non-conductive samples can be imaged and analyzed in the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) due to effective charge neutralization at the sample surface by ionized gas molecules. Under some gas pressure and electron dose conditions, ESEM images of uncoated, poorly conductive samples often contain contrast not present in secondary or backscattered electron images of the (coated) samples obtained in conventional SEMs. It has been proposed that the contrast is related to charge trapping at defects and impurities. It has also been suggested that UV cathodoluminescence (CL) may contribute to contrast in the ESEM. In this paper, we present experimental evidence of contrast formation in the ESEM due to charge trapping in Dy doped zircon, electron trapping at oxygen vacancies in sapphire and the absence of signal generation by 360nm UV CL.The specimens used in this study were (i) cross-sectioned Titanium in-diffusion doped sapphire single crystal, (ii) Dy doped synthetic Zircon7 and (iii) 43 μm epitaxial GaN grown on c-pane sapphire by hydride vapor phase epitaxy.
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13

Zhang Xiaocui, 张小翠, 司继良 Si Jiliang, 徐民 Xu Min, 梁晓燕 Liang Xiaoyan, and 储玉喜 Chu Yuxi. "Growth Method, Optical and Laser Properties of Titanium-Doped Sapphire Crystals." Chinese Journal of Lasers 41, no. 5 (2014): 0506001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/cjl201441.0506001.

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14

Albers, P., E. Stark, and G. Huber. "Continuous-wave laser operation and quantum efficiency of titanium-doped sapphire." Journal of the Optical Society of America B 3, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josab.3.000134.

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15

Li, Y., I. Duncan, and T. Morrow. "Absolute fluorescence quantum efficiency of titanium-doped sapphire at ambient temperature." Journal of Luminescence 52, no. 5-6 (June 1992): 275–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2313(92)90030-d.

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16

Wong, Wing C., Donald S. McClure, Sergei A. Basun, and Milan R. Kokta. "Charge-exchange processes in titanium-doped sapphire crystals. I. Charge-exchange energies and titanium-bound excitons." Physical Review B 51, no. 9 (March 1, 1995): 5682–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.51.5682.

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17

French, P. M. W., J. A. R. Williams, and J. R. Taylor. "Femtosecond pulse generation from a titanium-doped sapphire laser using nonlinear external cavity feedback." Optics Letters 14, no. 13 (July 1, 1989): 686. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.14.000686.

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18

Ding, Xin, Xue Li, Quan Sheng, Chun-Peng Shi, Su-Jia Yin, Bin Li, Xuan-Yi Yu, Wu-Qi Wen, and Jian-Quan Yao. "High Power Widely Tunable Narrow Linewidth All-Solid-State Pulsed Titanium-Doped Sapphire Laser." Chinese Physics Letters 28, no. 9 (September 2011): 094205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/28/9/094205.

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19

Solis, J., J. Siegel, C. N. Afonso, N. P. Barry, R. Mellish, and P. M. W. French. "Experimental study of a self-starting Kerr-lens mode-locked titanium-doped sapphire laser." Optics Communications 123, no. 4-6 (February 1996): 547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4018(95)00578-1.

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20

Byvik, C., and A. Buoncristiani. "Analysis of vibronic transitions in titanium doped sapphire using the temperature of the fluorescence spectra." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 21, no. 10 (October 1985): 1619–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jqe.1985.1072564.

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21

Lutz, Yves, Olivier Musset, Jean Pierre Boquillon, and Antoine Hirth. "Efficient pulsed 946-nm laser emission from Nd:YAG pumped by a titanium-doped sapphire laser." Applied Optics 37, no. 15 (May 20, 1998): 3286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.37.003286.

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22

Stelian, Carmen, Guillaume Alombert-Goget, Gourav Sen, Nicolas Barthalay, Kheirreddine Lebbou, and Thierry Duffar. "Interface effect on titanium distribution during Ti-doped sapphire crystals grown by the Kyropoulos method." Optical Materials 69 (July 2017): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2017.04.020.

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23

Petrov, V., D. Georgiev, and U. Stamm. "Improved mode locking of a femtosecond titanium‐doped sapphire laser by intracavity second harmonic generation." Applied Physics Letters 60, no. 13 (March 30, 1992): 1550–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.107247.

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24

French, P. M. W., S. M. J. Kelly, and J. R. Taylor. "Mode locking of a continuous-wave titanium-doped sapphire laser using a linear external cavity." Optics Letters 15, no. 7 (April 1, 1990): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.15.000378.

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25

Steele, T. R., D. C. Gerstenberger, A. Drobshoff, and R. W. Wallace. "Broadly tunable high-power operation of an all-solid-state titanium-doped sapphire laser system." Optics Letters 16, no. 6 (March 15, 1991): 399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.16.000399.

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26

French, P. M. W., D. U. Noske, N. H. Rizvi, J. A. R. Williams, and J. R. Taylor. "Characterisation of a cw titanium-doped sapphire laser mode-locked with a linear external cavity." Optics Communications 83, no. 1-2 (May 1991): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4018(91)90540-t.

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27

Chang, Jhing-Fang, and Seshu B. Desua. "Effects of dopants in PZT films." Journal of Materials Research 9, no. 4 (April 1994): 955–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1994.0955.

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Undoped and lanthanide (La and Nd) doped Pb(ZrxTi1-x)03, i.e., PZT, ferroelectric thin films were prepared by metallorganic decomposition (MOD) and spin-coating. The precursors for making the undoped PZT films were derived from lead acetate, zirconium n-propoxide, and titanium isopropoxide. In addition, lanthanum acetylacetonate and neodymium acetate were introduced into the precursor solution to accomplish the doping of the corresponding elements. Both undoped and doped PZT films were coated onto Pt/Ti/Si02/Si and single-crystal sapphire substrates to various thicknesses and annealed at a range of temperatures and times. The effects of lanthanide dopants in PZT films were studied with regard to microstructure, Curie temperatures, crystal distortion, optical properties, and electrical properties. The results indicate that the addition of La and Nd dopants tends to enhance perovskite phase formation and improve the packing densities and electrical properties of PZT films.
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28

Kusuma, H. H., Z. Ibrahim, and Z. Othaman. "The density and compositional analysis of titanium doped sapphire single crystal grown by the Czocharlski method." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 983 (March 2018): 012018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/983/1/012018.

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29

Sali, E., E. Ignesti, S. Cavalieri, L. Fini, M. V. Tognetti, and R. Buffa. "A Titanium-doped-sapphire laser source with tunable frequency, single-mode emission, and adjustable pulse duration." Laser Physics 20, no. 5 (April 2, 2010): 1126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1054660x10090136.

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30

Sali, E., E. Ignesti, S. Cavalieri, L. Fini, M. V. Tognetti, and R. Buffa. "A tuneable, single-mode titanium-doped-sapphire laser source with variable pulse duration in the nanosecond regime." Optics Communications 282, no. 16 (August 2009): 3330–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2009.05.014.

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31

Wong, Wing C., Donald S. McClure, Sergei A. Basun, and Milan R. Kokta. "Charge-exchange processes in titanium-doped sapphire crystals. II. Charge-transfer transition states, carrier trapping, and detrapping." Physical Review B 51, no. 9 (March 1, 1995): 5693–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.51.5693.

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32

SVANBERG, S., S. ANDERSSON-ENGELS, R. CUBEDDU, E. FÖRSTER, M. GRÄTZ, K. HERRLIN, G. HÖLZER, et al. "Generation, characterization, and medical utilization of laser-produced emission continua." Laser and Particle Beams 18, no. 3 (July 2000): 563–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600183302.

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Intense continua of electromagnetic radiation of very brief duration are formed in the interaction of focused ultra-short terawatt laser pulses with matter. Two different kinds of experiments, which have been performed utilizing the Lund 10 Hz titanium-doped sapphire terawatt laser system are being described, where visible radiation and X-rays, respectively, have been generated. Focusing into water leads to the generation of a light continuum through self-phase modulation. The propagation of the light through tissue was studied addressing questions related to optical mammography and specific chromophore absorption. When terawatt laser pulses are focused onto a solid target with high nuclear charge Z, intense X-ray radiation of few ps duration and with energies exceeding hundreds of keV is emitted. Biomedical applications of this radiation are described, including differential absorption and gated-viewing imaging.
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33

Willer, Michael, and Arthur Schweiger. "Determination of g values by a new electron spin transient nutation experiment: the g⊥ value of titanium-doped sapphire." Chemical Physics Letters 264, no. 1-2 (January 1997): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2614(96)01311-5.

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34

Chen, Wei, Honggao Tang, Chaoshu Shi, Jie Deng, Junyan Shi, Yinxue Zhou, Shangda Xia, Yuxia Wang, and Shaotang Yin. "Investigation on the origin of the blue emission in titanium doped sapphire: Is F+ color center the blue emission center?" Applied Physics Letters 67, no. 3 (July 17, 1995): 317–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.115430.

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35

Yamakawa, K., P. H. Chiu, A. Magana, and J. D. Kmetec. "Generation of high peak and average power femtosecond pulses at a 10 Hz repetition rate in a titanium-doped sapphire laser." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 30, no. 11 (1994): 2698–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3.333729.

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36

Bair, C. H., P. Brockman, R. V. Hess, and E. A. Modlin. "Demonstration of frequency control and CW diode laser injection control of a titanium-doped sapphire ring laser with no internal optical elements." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 24, no. 6 (June 1988): 1045–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3.227.

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37

Powers, James D., Lawrence Kulinsky, Mikito Kitayama, and Andreas M. Glaeser. "Effects of Titanium Doping on Surface Properties of Alumina." MRS Proceedings 357 (1994). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-357-313.

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AbstractControlled-geometry pore structures were introduced into undoped and Ti-doped sapphire using microfabrication techniques, and subsequently transferred to internal sapphire-sapphire and sapphire-polycrystalline alumina interfaces via hot pressing. The high-temperature evolution of several different types of structures was examined, in order to isolate different surface properties and evolution processes which are of interest during sintering. A study of pore channel breakup showed that Ti strongly stabilizes channels oriented in the sapphire [1100] direction, suggesting a significant alteration of the Wulff plot. In another study, the equilibration rate of isolated pores was enhanced in Ti-doped sapphire; as glassy phases are unlikely in this material, a solid-state diffusion mechanism for this enhancement is suggested. The evolution of pore channels with pre-existent perturbations was also studied, and the results of these studies are presented.
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38

Bao, Hua, and Xiulin Ruan. "Absorption Spectra and Electron-Vibration Coupling of Ti:Sapphire From First Principles." Journal of Heat Transfer 138, no. 4 (January 12, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4032177.

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First-principles calculations are performed to study the absorption spectra and electron-vibration coupling of titanium-doped sapphire (Ti:Al2O3). Geometry optimization shows a local structure relaxation after the doping of Ti. Electronic band structure calculation shows that five additional dopant energy bands are observed around the band gap of Al2O3, and are attributed to the five localized d orbitals of the Ti dopant. The optical absorption spectra are then predicted by averaging the oscillator strength during a 4 ps first-principles molecular dynamics (MD) trajectory, and the spectra agree well with the experimental results. Electron-vibration coupling is further investigated by studying the response of the ground and excited states to the Eg vibrational mode, for which a configuration coordinate diagram is obtained. Stokes shift effect is observed, which confirms the red shift of emission spectra of Ti:sapphire. This work offers a quantitative understanding of the optical properties and crystal-field theory of Ti-doped sapphire. The first-principles calculation framework developed here can also be followed to predict the optical properties and study the electron-vibration coupling in other doped materials.
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39

Jakubczak, K., T. Mocek, B. Rus, J. Polan, J. Hrebicek, M. Sawicka, P. Sikocinski, J. Sobota, T. Fort, and L. Pina. "Beam properties of fully optimized, table-top, coherent source at 30 nm." Opto-Electronics Review 19, no. 2 (January 1, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11772-011-0003-9.

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AbstractWe present results on development and experimental implementation of a 1-kHz, coherent extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radia- tion source based on high-order harmonic generation of the femtosecond, near-infrared laser pulses produced by the titanium-doped sapphire laser system (35 fs, 1.2 mJ, 810 nm) at the Institute of Physics AS CR / PALS Centre. The source comprises a low-density static gas cell filled with a conversion medium, typically argon. The comprehensive optimization of the XUV harmonic source has been performed with respect to major parameters such as gas pressure in the cell, cell length, position of the focus of the driving laser field with respect to the gas cell position, size of the driving near-infrared laser beam, chirp of the femtosecond pulse, and the focal length of the lens deployed in the experimental setup. Harmonic spectra were recorded using an XUV transmission grating spectrometer developed specifically for this purpose. Detailed characterization of the XUV source has been performed including measurement of the XUV beam profile, M2 parameter of the beam, absolute energy, and spatial coherence.
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