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Journal articles on the topic 'Titanium Carbonitride'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 May 2022

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1

Lou, Yan Zhi. "HREM Study on Heterogeneous Formation of Titanium Carbonitride in Ti Microalloyed Steel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 456 (October 2013): 541–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.456.541.

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HREM study on Ti-carbonitride particles in Ti-microalloyed steels has been carried out. It shows that many tiny Ti-carbonitride precipitates formed on nitride, sulfide or oxide particles. These carbonitrides possess twin relationship or have continuous interface with the particles existed already. The results imply that the twinning and epitaxial growth may be the important mechanisms for Ti-carbonitride formation in the steels. These nucleation mechanisms can highly lower the interfacial energy of new precipitates, resulting in the nucleation rate greatly increased. Therefore, the mechanical properties of the Ti-microalloyed steels are effectively improved.

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2

Korchagin, Michail A., Dina V. Dudina, Alexander I. Gavrilov, Boris B. Bokhonov, Natalia V. Bulina, Alexey V. Panin, and Nikolay Z. Lyakhov. "Combustion of Titanium–Carbon Black High-Energy Ball-Milled Mixtures in Nitrogen: Formation of Titanium Carbonitrides at Atmospheric Pressure." Materials 13, no. 8 (April 11, 2020): 1810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13081810.

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In this work, titanium carbonitrides were synthesized by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) in nitrogen. For the first time, the synthesis of titanium carbonitrides by combustion was realized in nitrogen at atmospheric pressure. The synthesis was carried out by subjecting high-energy ball-milled titanium–carbon black powder mixtures to combustion in a nitrogen atmosphere. The influence of the ball milling time on the phase composition of the products of SHS conducted in the Ti+0.3C reaction mixture was studied. It was found that the titanium–carbon black mixtures need to be milled for a certain period of time for the combustion synthesis to yield a single-phase carbonitride product.

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3

Gong, Xi Na, Jin Feng Sun, Kun Quan, and Yong Qiang Meng. "Synthesis and Application of Titanium Carbonitride." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 2373–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.2373.

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The characteristics of each method for synthesis titanium carbonitride were introduced. The property of titanium carbonitride synthesized by each method is affected by raw materials, parameters and external conditions. The application of titanium carbonitride is mainly on cermets cutting tools, it also exhibits a lot of good properties on coating materials, superhard cutting tools and multi phase ceramics.

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4

Akhmetov, A. V., G. D. Kusainova, S. N. Sharkaev, K. M. Muskenova, V. B. Basin, and T. S. Sejsimbinov. "A concept of control of processes of vanadium, niobium and titanium carbonitrides forming by consecutive alloying." Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information, no. 9 (September 25, 2018): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2018-9-48-57.

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Base on laboratory and industrial experiments, as well as subsequent studies of the microstructure of steel samples alloyed with a certain sequence by vanadium, niobium, and titanium, a concept including compliance with the order of those microalloying elements introducing into steel developed and justified. According to the concept, the sequence of introduction is determined by the difference in the degree of their thermodynamic affinity to the nitrogen and carbon dissolved in the steel.Investigations of the microstructure of experimental microalloyed samples by an optical microscope, with a magnification x250, showed the most significant grain refinement with a consecutive additive – first vanadium with niobium and after 10 minutes of holding – titanium.The efficiency of the developed alloying method for the advanced formation of vanadium and niobium carbonitrides was evaluated by studies with the Mira3 Tescan electron scanning microscope having an X-ray energy dispersive microanalysis system X-Act (Oxford Instruments). When studying the compositions and the form of carbonitrides discovered in steel samples alloyed with a different sequence of additives, it was established, that during simultaneous additive of titanium, vanadium and niobium into steel, titanium carbonitrides account for a majority, while vanadium and niobium carbonitrides are not actually formed or are represented by single inclusions. Conversely, in steel samples alloyed with a consecutive additive to steel, first vanadium with niobium and later titanium, carbonitride of vanadium and niobium inclusions prevail. In this case, titanium carbonitrides are represented only by single and fine inclusions. Thus, first introducing of vanadium and niobium, allows them to react fully with stoichiometrically insufficient concentrations of nitrogen and carbon, ahead of the formation of titanium nitrides.Based on the results of the research in JSC “ArcelorMittal Temirtau”, using the developed concept of consecutive alloying by carbonitride-forming elements, the technology of 09G2FB grade steel production with a ferrite-bainite structure developed and implemented, fully meeting API Spec 5L requirements for steel of strength category X80.

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5

Eslamloo-Grami, M., and Z. A. Munir. "The mechanism of combustion synthesis of titanium carbonitride." Journal of Materials Research 9, no. 2 (February 1994): 431–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1994.0431.

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Titanium carbonitride, TiC0.5N0.5, is synthesized directly by a self-propagating reaction between titanium and carbon in a nitrogen atmosphere. Complete conversion to the carbonitride phase is achieved with the addition of TiN as diluent and with a nitrogen pressure ≥0.6 MPa. Thermodynamic phase-stability calculations and experimental characterizations of quenched samples support a proposed mechanism in which the formation of the carbonitride is a two-step process. The first step involves the formation of the nonstoichiometric carbide, TiC0.5, and is followed by the formation of the product by the incorporation of nitrogen in the defect-structure carbide to form the carbonitride solid solution.

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6

Li, J. T., W. S. Liu, Y. L. Xia, and C. C. Ge. "Combustion co-synthesis of Si3N4-based in situ composites." Journal of Materials Research 11, no. 12 (December 1996): 2968–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1996.0377.

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The feasibility of synthesizing silicon nitride-silicon carbide-titanium carbonitride composites by combustion reactions is demonstrated. With titanium carbonitride taken to be an ideal solid solution, its composition is determined as TiC0.36N0.64. Thermodynamic analysis supports the experimental results.

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7

Ermakov, A. N., I. G. Grigorov, O. N. Ermakova, Yu G. Zainulin, V. G. Pushin, and L. I. Yurchenko. "Microcomposite hard titanium carbonitride-titanium nickelide cermets." Russian Metallurgy (Metally) 2010, no. 7 (July 2010): 630–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0036029510070098.

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8

Lee, Dong-Won, Jae-Hwan Ahn, and Hyungsik Chung. "Synthesis and nitrogen stability of ultrafine titanium carbonitride particles." Journal of Materials Research 22, no. 1 (January 2007): 233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0024.

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The ultrafine titanium carbonitride particles (TiC0.5N0.5) with 100 nm in mean size was successfully synthesized by nitridation treatment at ordinary temperatures, 1373∼1473 K of the nanostructured half-stoichiometric titanium carbide (TiC0.5) particles, which were produced by the magnesium reduction of gaseous TiCl4+1/4C2Cl4. In addition, the nitrogen stability for the produced titanium carbonitride particles at various temperatures and vacuum conditions was investigated experimentally and compared with values calculated by an ideal solution model.

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9

Liu, N., Q. M. Zeng, and X. M. Huang. "Microstructure in titanium carbonitride cermets." Materials Science and Technology 17, no. 9 (September 2001): 1050–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/026708301101511167.

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10

Bergmann, E., H. Kaufmann, R. Schmid, and J. Vogel. "Ion-plated titanium carbonitride films." Surface and Coatings Technology 42, no. 3 (December 1990): 237–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0257-8972(90)90156-7.

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11

Sil'chenko, Ol'ga, Marina Siluyanova, and Petr Hopin. "STRENGTH PROPERTIES INVESTIGATION OF COMPOSITE COATINGS WITH QUASI-CRYSTALS OBTAINED THROUGH METHODS OF GAS DYNAMIC SPUTTERING." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2020, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/1999-8775-2020-12-11-18.

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The work purpose is to investigate strength properties of composite coatings with quasi-crystals obtained through the method of gas dynamic sputtering. The object of development: quasi-crystals based on titanium carbonitride clad with nickel. In the course of the work there is offered a method for investigations of coating strength based on a pin and adhesive method with composites based on titanium carbonitride. The novelty of this investigation consists in obtaining new materials and investigations of their physical-mechanical properties. Composite coating on the basis of titanium carbonitride has shown high separation properties. The destruction took place in an intermediate layer between VN20 and KNTP35. During 10 mm bending there is a fine even mesh. At the impact load made there were not observed chips and separations that allow using coating data in heavy-loaded parts.

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12

Kenzhegulov, Aidar, Axaule Mamaeva, Aleksandr Panichkin, Zhasulan Alibekov, Balzhan Kshibekova, Nauryzbek Bakhytuly, and Wojciech Wieleba. "Comparative Study of Tribological and Corrosion Characteristics of TiCN, TiCrCN, and TiZrCN Coatings." Coatings 12, no. 5 (April 21, 2022): 564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12050564.

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Coatings based on titanium carbonitride alloyed with zirconium and chromium were deposited using the method of reactive magnetron sputtering on the surface of titanium VT1–0. The effect of alloying titanium carbonitride with zirconium and chromium on the tribo- and corrosion properties of the coating has been studied. Coatings with different compositions were formed by changing the ratio of alloying elements to titanium in a single target. To study the obtained coatings, a scanning electron microscopy, nanoindentation, sliding wear test (ball on disk method), and corrosion tests in 0.5 M Na2SO4 and 30% NaCl solution were used. As a result of wear and corrosion tests, friction coefficients, mass index, and corrosion rate of alloyed and pure titanium carbonitride coatings were obtained. The average coefficient of friction of the coatings varied in the range of 0.17–0.31. The values of nanohardness are determined depending on the composition of the coatings. From corrosion data, it is determined that TiCrCN and TiZrCN coatings exhibit better corrosion properties compared to TiCN coatings. As a result of the dependences obtained, the preferred composition of the coating, the most resistant to wear and corrosion damage, was revealed.

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13

Mamayeva, A. A., A. K. Kenzhegulov, A. V. Panichkin, B. B. Kshibekova, and N. Bakhytuly. "Deposition of carbonitride titanium coatings by magnetron sputtering and its effect on tribo-mechanical properties." Kompleksnoe Ispolʹzovanie Mineralʹnogo syrʹâ/Complex Use of Mineral Resources/Mineraldik Shikisattardy Keshendi Paidalanu 321, no. 2 (March 2, 2022): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31643/2022/6445.19.

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Metal parts in machinery often fail as a result of damage caused by wear and tear, resulting in the loss of functionality of the products. Thin film solid nitride coatings are used to improve the wear resistance and service life of parts and are considered to be effective. The article presents a brief overview of modern literature in the field of obtaining wear resistant coatings of titanium carbonitride by using magnetron sputtering. The review presents a detailed assessment of the scientific results obtained depending on the deposition parameters and the conditions for obtaining coatings. The results of the coefficient of friction, wear rate of the coating and counterbody, nanohardness and adhesion force of coatings obtained by magnetron sputtering and its modifications are shown. The influence of alloying elements on the mechanical and tribological properties of titanium carbonitride coatings is considered. Recent advances in the production of titanium carbonitride coatings with improved wear characteristics are discussed.

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14

Darabara, M., L. Bourithis, S. Diplas, and G. D. Papadimitriou. "Corrosion and Wear Properties of Composite Coatings Reinforced with Particles Produced by PTA on Steel Substrate in Different Atmospheres." ISRN Corrosion 2012 (March 21, 2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/898650.

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Titanium diboride (TiB2) and titanium carbonitride (Ti(C,N)) coatings are widely used as reinforcing materials in applications demanding high corrosion and wear resistance. In this paper, plain carbon steel has been surface alloyed with TiB2 by plasma transferred arc (PTA) technique using two different gas atmospheres. The first metal matrix composite (MMC) is produced with TiB2 particles and argon as shielding and plasma gas. In addition, a mixture of Ar and 5% N2 was used as shielding and plasma gas for producing of second MMC coating. The microstructure of both alloyed layers consists of primary titanium boride particles surrounded by a eutectic matrix, containing ferrite, eutectic boride, and titanium carbonitrides. The presence of these carbonitrides is more intense in the case of the N-enriched alloyed layer, as it was also proved via X-ray Diffraction. The alloyed layers are susceptible to pitting corrosion in 3.5% NaCl or 1 N H2SO4. The alloyed layer produced with nitrogen mixture gas is slightly more noble than the one produced with pure Ar. The metallic-ferritic matrix corrodes in 6% FeCl3∗6H2O leaving TiB2 particles protruding from the matrix. The wear performance of both TiB2 MMC depends on the counterbody (tool steel or alumina ball).

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15

Lavrenko, Vladimir A., Vera A. Shvets, and Viktor N. Talash. "Electrolytic Corrosion of Titanium Carbonitride Composites." Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics 43, no. 1/2 (January 2004): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:pmmc.0000028273.86448.54.

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16

Levi, George, Wayne D. Kaplan, and Menachem Bamberger. "Structure refinement of titanium carbonitride (TiCN)." Materials Letters 35, no. 5-6 (June 1998): 344–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-577x(97)00276-0.

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17

Monteverde, Frederic, Valentina Medri, and Alida Bellosi. "Synthesis of ultrafine titanium carbonitride powders." Applied Organometallic Chemistry 15, no. 5 (2001): 421–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.164.

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18

Xiang, Yanling, Sufen Xiao, Zhenghua Tang, Feifei Luo, and Pingping Qian. "Titanium carbonitride seeded crystallization of aluminum." Materials Research Express 6, no. 6 (March 29, 2019): 066565. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab0e3c.

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19

Bowen, P., C. Bonjour, C. Carry, D. Gonseth, H. Hofmann, D. Mari, R. Mulone, and P. Streit. "Novel alumina titanium-carbonitride nickel composites." JOM 47, no. 11 (November 1995): 56–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03221312.

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20

Zhang, Houan, Jianhui Yan, Xin Zhang, and Siwen Tang. "Properties of titanium carbonitride matrix cermets." International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 24, no. 3 (May 2006): 236–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2005.05.009.

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21

Angerer, P., J. M. Lackner, M. Wiessner, G. A. Maier, and L. Major. "Thermal behaviour of chromium nitride/titanium–titanium carbonitride multilayers." Thin Solid Films 562 (July 2014): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2014.04.021.

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22

Yuri, Projdak, Podgorniy Sergey, Tregubenko Genadii, Polyakov Georgii, and Podyash Lyubov. "Improvement of quality and improvement of technology of production of economic alloyed steels for power engineering." Theory and practice of metallurgy 1,2021, no. 1,2021(126) (February 22, 2021): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.34185/tpm.1.2021.03.

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Purpose. Investigate the effect of complex microalloying with nitrogen, titanium and aluminum on the structure and properties of cast steels at elevated temperatures. Methodology. Methods of optical microscopy were used for metallographic analysis of the microstructure of steels. The mechanical properties at room and elevated temperatures were determined for static tension, crease and impact bending. Results. The technology of carbonitride strengthening of silicon-manganese production steels has passed pilot testing. The results of mechanical tests indicate a favorable complex effect of nitrogen, titanium and aluminum on the properties of 20GSL steel in the entire range of operating temperatures. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the effect of nano-dispersed carbonitride phases (TiN, AlN) on the mechanical properties of low-alloy silicon-manganese steel of the GSL type at elevated temperatures (250-4500C) has been investigated. Practical value. The use of carbonitride technology for strengthening silicon-manganese heat-resistant electric steel provides an increase in operational reliability, an increase in the service life and reduce the metal consumption of equipment for power engineering. Keywords: technology, electric steel, heat resistance, carbonitride reinforcement, microalloying, steel 20GSL.

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23

Lee, D. W., J. H. Ahn, and B. K. Kim. "Preparation of nanostructured titanium carbonitride particles by Mg-thermal reduction." Journal of Materials Research 20, no. 4 (April 1, 2005): 844–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2005.0118.

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Nanostructured titanium carbonitride (TiC0.5N0.5) powders were synthesized by a Mg-thermal reduction process. The evaporated liquid solution made from TiCl4 + ¼C2Cl4 reacted with liquid magnesium protected with nitrogen gas. The extremely fine titanium carbonitride particles of about 50 nm were successfully produced by the reaction of Ti and C atoms released from chloride reduction with liquid magnesium and nitrogen gas. After the reduction process, the residual phases of MgCl2 and the excess Mg were removed by mechanical vacuum conditions. To obtain the maximized stoichiometry of product, the process optimization with thermodynamic study was performed with various experimental parameters such as reaction temperatures and solution feeding rates.

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24

Klochikhin, V., S. Danilov, N. Lysenko, and V. Naumyk. "Development of technology for modification of heat-resistant nickel alloy ЖС3ДК-ВІ with titanium carbonitride ultrafine powders." Innovative Materials and Technologies in Metallurgy and Mechanical Engineering, no. 2 (March 18, 2021): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15588/1607-6885-2020-2-5.

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Purpose. To study the effect of modification by the titanium carbonitride Ti(C, N) ultrafine particles additives in the form of powder and briquettes on the structure and physical-mechanical properties of the ЖС3ДК-ВІ alloy used for the manufacture of aircraft engine turbines cast rotor blades. Research methods. Preliminary high-temperature treatment of the melt was carried out on a VIP-10 installation. On the UPPF-3M installation with the alkaline melting pot, the ЖС3ДК-ВІ alloy was modified with ultrafine particles of titanium carbonitride Ti(C,N) in an amount of 60...80 g in the form of briquettes or powder wrapped in nickel foil. The samples were subjected to homogenization at a temperature of 1210 °C with a holding time of 3.5 hours and air cooling. The chemical composition of investigated alloys was determined. The macrostructure was studied on plates ~ 4 mm thick after chemical etching. The microstructure was evaluated on microsections before and after etching in the Marble reagent. Microhardness, ultimate strength, elongation and contraction, impact strength were determined at room temperature. Long-term strength tests were carried out at 850 °C under a load of 350 MPa. The bending test of the blades was carried out on a manual screw press in accordance with GOST 14019-80. Results. The microstructure of Ti+TiCN briquettes has been studied by optical and electron microscopy. X-ray microanalysis of specimen fractures confirmed a fairly uniform distribution of titanium carbonitride in the volume of briquettes. The chemical composition, macro- and microstructure of the experimental alloy have been studied. A fracto-graphic study of the samples fracture structure was carried out. The modifying effect of titanium carbonitride ultrafine particles on the dendritic structure, distribution and change in the morphology of primary carbides, the number and distribution of carbonitride particles has been established. A comparative analysis of the mechanical and heat-resistant properties of the ЖС3ДК-ВІ alloy of standard composition and modified with ultradispersed Ti(C,N) particles has been carried out. Bending tests of turbine rotor blades were carried out. Scientific novelty. It is shown that the use of ultrafine titanium carbonitride powders for bulk modification of the heat-resistant nickel alloy ЖС3ДК-ВІ makes it possible to increase the mechanical and heat-resistant properties of the material. Increasing the amount of modifier promotes grain refinement. More stable properties and favorable structure are provided by melt modification with ultrafine Ti(C,N) particles in the form of briquettes. It was found that modification with powdered Ti(C,N) leads to a decrease in the impact toughness values due to the formation of boundary microporosity. Practical value. The technology of the heat-resistant nickel alloy ЖС3ДК-ВІ, used for the manufacture of cast rotor blades of gas turbine engines, modification with additives of titanium carbonitride Ti(C,N) ultrafine particles, providing an increased level of performance properties of finished products, has been developed.

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25

Guu, Yeong Yan, Jen Fin Lin, and Chi-Fong Ai. "The tribological characteristics of titanium nitride, titanium carbonitride and titanium carbide coatings." Thin Solid Films 302, no. 1-2 (June 1997): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-6090(96)09546-6.

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26

Wei, Chehung, Jen Fin Lin, Tsae-Hwa Jiang, and Chi-Fong Ai. "Tribological characteristics of titanium nitride and titanium carbonitride multilayer films." Thin Solid Films 381, no. 1 (January 2001): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-6090(00)01540-6.

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27

Wei, Chehung, Jen Fin Lin, Tsae-Hwa Jiang, and Chi-Fong Ai. "Tribological characteristics of titanium nitride and titanium carbonitride multilayer films." Thin Solid Films 381, no. 1 (January 2001): 104–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-6090(00)01541-8.

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28

Mamaeva, Axaule, Aidar Kenzhegulov, Aleksandr Panichkin, Zhasulan Alibekov, and Wojciech Wieleba. "Effect of Magnetron Sputtering Deposition Conditions on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Wear-Resistant Titanium Carbonitride Coatings." Coatings 12, no. 2 (February 2, 2022): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12020193.

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In the present work, the titanium carbonitride coatings were deposited by the reactive magnetron sputtering method at different substrate bias: 0, −70 V, and −100 V. The effect of the substrate bias on the structure, composition, and mechanical and tribological properties of titanium carbonitride coatings was studied. Scanning electron microscopy, nanoindentation, sliding wear test (ball-on-disk method), X-ray phase, and elemental analysis methods were used to evaluate the tribological properties and microstructure of the thin coatings. The dependencies obtained resulted in the determination of the most preferred mode of deposition by magnetron sputtering at a negative substrate bias in an atmosphere of argon–acetylene–nitrogen.

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29

Li, Yun, Yongquan Li, and Richard J. Fruehan. "Formation of Titanium Carbonitride from Hot Metal." ISIJ International 41, no. 12 (2001): 1417–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.41.1417.

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30

Kerr, A., N. J. Welhamab, and P. E. Willis. "Low temperature mechanochemical formation of titanium carbonitride." Nanostructured Materials 11, no. 2 (March 1999): 233–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0965-9773(99)00036-7.

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31

Monteverde, Frederic, and Alida Bellosi. "Oxidation behavior of titanium carbonitride based materials." Corrosion Science 44, no. 9 (September 2002): 1967–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-938x(01)00142-1.

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32

Zhang, Shanyong. "Titanium carbonitride-based cermets: processes and properties." Materials Science and Engineering: A 163, no. 1 (May 1993): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-5093(93)90588-6.

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33

Barbier, E., and F. Thevenot. "Titanium carbonitride-zirconia composites: Formation and characterization." Journal of the European Ceramic Society 8, no. 5 (January 1991): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0955-2219(91)90119-k.

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34

Zhang, Houan, Siwen Tang, Jianhui Yan, and Xiaoping Hu. "Cutting performance of titanium carbonitride cermet tools." International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 25, no. 5-6 (September 2007): 440–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2006.10.003.

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35

Guilemany, J. M., I. Sanchiz, and X. Alcobé. "X-Ray Diffraction Analysis of Titanium Carbonitride 30/70 and 70/30 Solid Solutions." Powder Diffraction 7, no. 1 (March 1992): 34–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600016043.

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36

Anju, V. G., R. Manjunatha, P. Muthu Austeria, and S. Sampath. "Primary and rechargeable zinc–air batteries using ceramic and highly stable TiCN as an oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalyst." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 4, no. 14 (2016): 5258–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta00377j.

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37

Shen, Guozhen, Kaibin Tang, Changhua An, Qing Yang, Chunrui Wang, and Yitai Qian. "A simple route to prepare nanocrystalline titanium carbonitride." Materials Research Bulletin 37, no. 6 (May 2002): 1207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0025-5408(02)00736-5.

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38

Guu, Yeong Yan, and Jen Fin Lin. "Analysis of wear behaviour of titanium carbonitride coatings." Wear 210, no. 1-2 (September 1997): 245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0043-1648(97)00056-2.

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39

Capano, M. A., A. A. Voevodin, J. E. Bultman, and J. S. Zabinski. "Pulsed laser deposition of titanium-carbonitride thin films." Scripta Materialia 36, no. 10 (May 1997): 1101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6462(97)00014-6.

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40

Kang, S. "Stability of nitrogen in titanium carbonitride solid solutions." Metal Powder Report 53, no. 5 (May 1998): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-0657(98)85029-7.

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41

ROLANDER, U., and H. O. ANDRÉN. "EVALUATION OF ATOM-PROBE SPECTRA FROM TITANIUM CARBONITRIDE." Le Journal de Physique Colloques 50, no. C8 (November 1989): C8–371—C8–376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:1989863.

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42

Pohrelyuk, I. M., I. V. Dyuh, V. M. Fedirko, and O. I. Yas'kiv. "Investigation of Thermodiffusion Carbonitride Coatings on Titanium Alloys." Materials Science 41, no. 4 (July 2005): 501–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11003-006-0008-6.

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43

Barbier, E., and F. Thevenot. "Electrical resistivity in the titanium carbonitride-zirconia system." Journal of Materials Science 27, no. 9 (1992): 2383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01105047.

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44

Zou, Heilong, and J. S. Kirkaldy. "Carbonitride precipitate growth in titanium/niobium microalloyed steels." Metallurgical Transactions A 22, no. 7 (July 1991): 1511–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02667365.

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Larsen-Basse, Jorn. "Abrasive wear of some titanium-carbonitride-based cermets." Materials Science and Engineering: A 105-106 (December 1988): 395–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-5416(88)90723-9.

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46

Pastor, H. "Titanium-carbonitride-based hard alloys for cutting tools." Materials Science and Engineering: A 105-106 (December 1988): 401–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-5416(88)90724-0.

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47

Clark, E. B., and B. Roebuck. "Extending the application areas for titanium carbonitride cermets." International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 11, no. 1 (January 1992): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0263-4368(92)90081-c.

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48

Artem'ev, Alexander A., G. N. Sokolov, V. I. Lysak, I. V. Zorin, Yu N. Dubtsov, and S. N. Tsurikhin. "Wear-Resistant Coatings Reinforced with TiB₂ Micro-Particles and TiCN Nano-Sized Particles." Key Engineering Materials 685 (February 2016): 505–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.685.505.

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Abstract:

A wear-resistant composite coating process with electroslag surfacing using a current-supplying solidification mould was developed. The structure and properties of coatings from flux-cored wire deposited alloys with refractory micro-particles of titanium diboride, TiB2, and nano-sized particles of titanium carbonitride, TiCN, were studied. Special features of the elasto-plastic deformation of composite alloys’constituents were studied with sclerometry.

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Hashimoto, Masaki, Kazutaka Kanda, Norio Maki, and Masaharu Koizumi. "Development of coating method of titanium carbide and titanium carbonitride on diamond." Precision Engineering 65 (September 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precisioneng.2020.04.022.

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Ermakov, A. N., I. V. Misharina, O. N. Ermakova, A. V. Bagazeev, I. G. Grigorov, V. G. Pushin, Yu G. Zainulin, Yu A. Kotov, and G. P. Shveikin. "A circular structure in titanium carbonitride-titanium nickelide alloys with alumina additives." Doklady Chemistry 419, no. 1 (March 2008): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0012500808030026.

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