Journal articles: 'Titania surface'

1

Luo, Yong Gang, Linda Zou, and Eric Hu. "A Comparative Study on Preparation of TiO₂ Pellets as Photocatalysts Based on Different Precursors." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 4165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.4165.

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The porous TiO2 pellets were prepared based on pigment grade titaina, P25 titania powder and titanium(IV) butoxide. The characterization was done with X-Ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and BET measurements. The result shows that TiO2 pellets by using titanium(IV) butoxide with some addictive have the best surface porosity, with specific surface area of 196.9m2/g. For pigment grade titania and P25 titania powder, it is still effective to enhance the surface area after reassembling. The surface area increased from 11.6 to 29.2 m2/g for pigment grade titania and from 50 to 84.4 m2/g for P25 titania powder. Furthermore, it has been investigated on how to optimize and get the highest surface area by controlling the sintering temperature, reaction temperature, pH of solution, and the amount of alcohol and addictive of surfactant during preparation. The experimental photocatalytic degradation of acetone and toluene was performed using titania pellets made from P25 titania powder.

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Mitoraj, Dariusz, and Horst Kisch. "Surface Modified Titania Visible Light Photocatalyst Powders." Solid State Phenomena 162 (June 2010): 49–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.162.49.

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Titanium dioxide has received great attention both in fundamental and applied photocatalysis due to its low cost, non-toxicity, and stability against photocorrosion [ - ]. Unfortunately it can utilize only the very small UV part (about 3%) of solar light arriving at the earth surface. However, also the visible part (λ > 400 nm) may induce photocatalysis if titania is modified by transition or main group elements. Accordingly, many publications appeared in the last 20 years dealing with the problem of sensitizing titania for visible light photooxidation reactions. This may be achieved by doping, which means substitution of lattice ions, and by surface modification. In many cases authors not clearly differentiate between these two possibilities and so called doped titania quite often is a surface modified material. The latter is easily prepared by heating titania or its precursor compounds like titanium hydroxide in the presence of a modifier at temperatures in the range of 100 – 500 °C. In the following we summarize our work in this field using inorganic and organic sensitizers.

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Obata, Akiko, Tianshu Zhai, and Toshihiro Kasuga. "Apatite-forming ability on titanium surface modified by hydrothermal treatment and ultraviolet irradiation." Journal of Materials Research 23, no. 12 (December 2008): 3169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2008.0385.

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Titania coatings with various morphologies were formed on titanium surfaces by hydrothermal treatment using a dilute alkaline solution and evaluated in their hydroxyapatite (HA)-forming abilities in simulated body fluid (1.5SBF) under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The HA formation on the titania coating in 1.5SBF was enhanced by UV irradiation. The amount of phosphate groups adsorbed on the titania, after soaking in 1.5SBF for 24 h under UV irradiation, was estimated to be larger than that of calcium ions, whereas that of calcium ions on the titania, after soaking without UV irradiation, was larger than that of phosphate groups. It was suggested that the titania generated much basic Ti–OH groups at its surface by UV irradiation and subsequently adsorbed phosphate groups, such as H2PO4−, resulting in the formation of a new surface rich in the amount of the groups, which eventually enhanced the HA formation in 1.5SBF.

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Harris, M. R., and G. Whitaker. "Surface properties of hydrolysed titania. I. Titania prepared from titanium tetra-alkoxides." Journal of Applied Chemistry 12, no. 11 (May 4, 2007): 490–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5010121105.

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Harris, M. R., and G. Whitaker. "Surface properties of hydrolysed titania. III. Titania prepared from titanium chloro-alkoxides." Journal of Applied Chemistry 13, no. 8 (May 4, 2007): 348–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5010130805.

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Ruan, Danping, Chunyun Wu, Sinan Deng, Yu Zhang, and Guoling Guan. "The Anatase Phase of Nanotopography Titania with Higher Roughness Has Better Biocompatibility in Osteoblast Cell Morphology and Proliferation." BioMed Research International 2020 (September 22, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8032718.

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Previous studies have concluded that surface-modified titanium oxide (titania, TiO2) surface properties promote osteoblast cell morphology and proliferation. To screen a suitable structured titania coating with the best biocompatibility to be used in dental implants, five titania films (two amorphous, one rutile, and two anatases) with different surfaces were successfully synthesized on polished titanium by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. We applied atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to depict the formulations. Furthermore, MC3T3-E1, the mouse osteoblast precursor cell, was used to assess cell proliferation and observe morphologic changes at the film surface. The data indicated that the overall number of MC3T3-E1 cells on anatase films was significantly higher as compared with cells on rutile and amorphous films. Meanwhile, the actin filaments of the cells grown on the anatase phase films were well defined and fully spread. In addition, the film with higher roughness had enhanced biocompatibility than that with lower roughness. The results showed that the crystal phase and titania coated roughness had a greater influence on the biocompatibility of nanostructured titania film. The higher the roughness of the anatase phase was, the better bioactivity for the morphology and proliferation of osteoblast. This is a good surface-modified biological material and may have a good application prospect in dental implants.

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Shrestha, Sabita, and Chong Yun Park. "Deposition of Titania Nanoparticles on the Surface of Acid Treated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes." Advanced Materials Research 117 (June 2010): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.117.27.

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Titanium dioxide (Titania, TiO2) nanoparticles have been deposited on the surface of acid treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by simple chemical route. The resultant TiO2/MWCNTs composites were characterized by different techniques. The oxidation of MWCNTs and presence of titania nanoparticles on the surface of MWCNTs is confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. TEM image shows the size of titania nanoparticles are around 5 nm. Raman spectroscopy showed the oxidation and functionalization of nanotubes. The TGA curve showed decrease in thermal decomposition temperature of MWCNTs after oxidation and attachment with titania nanoparticles.

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8

van Grieken, Rafael, José Aguado, María José López-Muñoz, and Javier Marugán. "Sol-Gel Titania and Titania-Silica Mixed Oxides Photocatalysts." Solid State Phenomena 162 (June 2010): 221–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.162.221.

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This paper presents a review of the work published by the authors on the synthesis, characterization and evaluation of the photocatalytic activity of TiO2/SiO2 materials. The use of titania-silica mixed oxides photocatalysts is proposed basically as a process improvement to overcome the difficulties of recovering titania from the slurries after the photocatalytic treatment of contaminated waters. To understand the mechanism governing the photocatalytic activity of these materials, several titania-silica photocatalysts have been prepared through a sol-gel method that allows controlling the main variables to obtain materials with different textural properties, degree of titania incorporation, dispersion of the photoactive phase and crystallinity of titanium dioxide. The samples have been characterized in depth, looking for correlations between the main physicochemical properties (TiO2 crystallite size, band gap energy and titania surface area) and the activity shown in the photocatalytic oxidation of cyanide, selected as model pollutant. The results suggest that the photocatalytic activity is strongly influenced by the quality of the titania crystal network, which in turn is improved by the use of a hydrothermal crystallization procedure. Additionally, the evaluation of the fraction of the total surface area corresponding to titania is mandatory for comparing the catalytic activity of different materials in processes in which titanium dioxide is the only phase catalytically active and silica behaves as an inert support.

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9

Xie, Yi Bing, Li Min Zhou, and Hai Tao Huang. "Biosensor Application of Enzyme-Functionalized Titania/Titanium Composite." Key Engineering Materials 334-335 (March 2007): 645–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.334-335.645.

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Highly-ordered titania nanotube array has been fabricated by a potentiostatic anodization process in acidic fluoride electrolyte. Calcination at high temperature is followed to achieve crystallization from amorphous to anatase phase. The approach of embedding bioactive enzymes inside titania tubule channels has been applied for bioactivation modification of titania/titanium. The electropolymerization process is applied by using conductive pyrrole monomer to achieve surface immobilization of enzymes to improve interfacial connection. Characterizations including field emission scanning electron microscopy, nano-indentation and linear sweep voltammetry measurements have been performed to fully evaluate the surface morphology, nanomechanical and electrochemical properties of this composite. Molecule detection application has been investigated by applying such an enzyme-titania/titanium composite.

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10

Shayganpour, Amirreza, Alberto Rebaudi, Pierpaolo Cortella, Alberto Diaspro, and Marco Salerno. "Electrochemical coating of dental implants with anodic porous titania for enhanced osteointegration." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 6 (November 20, 2015): 2183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.6.224.

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Clinical long-term osteointegration of titanium-based biomedical devices is the main goal for both dental and orthopedical implants. Both the surface morphology and the possible functionalization of the implant surface are important points. In the last decade, following the success of nanostructured anodic porous alumina, anodic porous titania has also attracted the interest of academic researchers. This material, investigated mainly for its photocatalytic properties and for applications in solar cells, is usually obtained from the anodization of ultrapure titanium. We anodized dental implants made of commercial grade titanium under different experimental conditions and characterized the resulting surface morphology with scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer. The appearance of nanopores on these implants confirm that anodic porous titania can be obtained not only on ultrapure and flat titanium but also as a conformal coating on curved surfaces of real objects made of industrial titanium alloys. Raman spectroscopy showed that the titania phase obtained is anatase. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that by carrying out the anodization in the presence of electrolyte additives such as magnesium, these can be incorporated into the porous coating. The proposed method for the surface nanostructuring of biomedical implants should allow for integration of conventional microscale treatments such as sandblasting with additive nanoscale patterning. Additional advantages are provided by this material when considering the possible loading of bioactive drugs in the porous cavities.

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11

Vishnu, Jithin, and Geetha Manivasagam. "Nature-Inspired Nanoflower Structures on Titanium Surface via Alkali Treatment for Biomedical Applications." Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering 52 (August 10, 2021): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.52.20.

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Titanium based metallic biomaterials for orthopedic implant applications are often associated with biocompatibility problems which can be ameliorated via proper surface modification strategies. Improving the hydrophilic nature of the titanium surface offers an effective strategy to sort out such limitations by intensifying the cellular activity. Development of titania as well as titanate layers on the titanium surface via alkali treatment represents an effective strategy to improve the hydrophilicity of native titanium surface. Inspired from nature, in the present work, we report the formation of three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical nanoflowers resembling Gomphrena globosa flowers developed on commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti) surface via a facile alkali treatment technique. X-ray diffraction studies evidenced anatase and rutile phases of TiO2 confirming the development of titania on the surface. In addition to the TiO2 phase, presence of titanate (Na2Ti3O7) has also been observed as alkali treatment was conducted in NaOH solution. The hydrophilicity of the Ti surface has been enhanced after the alkali treatment as evidenced from wettability studies using static contact angle measurements. This increase in hydrophilicity is due to the enrichment of the surface by TiO2 and titanate and increased roughness of nanoflower surface based on classical Wenzel law. In addition, the alkali-treated surface demonstrated an increased polar surface energy beneficial for biocompatible surfaces.

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12

Fomina, Marina Alekseevna, Igor Vladimirovich Rodionov, Albert Viktorovich Korolev, and Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Fomin. "Micro- and Nanostructure of Titania Coatings Modified with Functional Ceramic Nanoparticles." Advanced Materials Research 1064 (December 2014): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1064.165.

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The article describes prospective nanostructured titania coatings modified with functional ceramic nanoparticles and obtained on surface of titanium items. Consistency changes of morphological characteristics and crystalline structure, physico-mechanical properties of experimental titania coatings obtained by the combination of oxidation and surface modification with ceramic nanoparticles during induction heat treatment are defined.

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13

Lupi, Saturnino Marco, Benedetta Albini, Arianna Rodriguez y Baena, Giulia Lanfrè, and Pietro Galinetto. "Anatase Forming Treatment without Surface Morphological Alteration of Dental Implant." Materials 13, no. 22 (November 22, 2020): 5280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13225280.

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The osseointegration of titanium implants is allowed by the TiO2 layer that covers the implants. Titania can exist in amorphous form or in three different crystalline conformations: anatase, rutile and brookite. Few studies have characterized TiO2 covering the surface of dental implants from the crystalline point of view. The aim of the present study was to characterize the evolution of the TiO2 layer following different surface treatments from a crystallographic point of view. Commercially pure titanium and Ti-6Al-4V implants subjected to different surface treatments were analyzed by Raman spectroscopy to evaluate the crystalline conformation of titania. The surface treatments evaluated were: machining, sandblasting, sandblasting and etching and sandblasting, etching and anodization. The anodizing treatment evaluated in this study allowed to obtain anatase on commercially pure titanium implants without altering the morphological characteristics of the surface.

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14

Hadjiivanov, Konstantin I., and Dimitar G. Klissurski. "Surface chemistry of titania (anatase) and titania-supported catalysts." Chemical Society Reviews 25, no. 1 (1996): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/cs9962500061.

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15

Oh, Han Jun, Jong Ho Lee, Yong Soo Jeong, Beom Su Ki, Chang Hoe Heo, So Hyun Kwon, and Choong Soo Chi. "Influence of Electrolytic Mediums on Microstructure of Anodic Titania Film." Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (June 2007): 1773–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.1773.

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Surface characteristics of anodic titania formed by electrochemical method and effects of electrolytic mediums on microstructures of anodic TiO2 layer were investigated. The titania film formed in sulfuric acid or mixture electrolyte with sulfuric and phosphoric acids shows porous cell structures. But the films formed in sulfuric acid represent smaller cell structures than those formed in the mixture electrolyte, and the change in microstructural parameters is associated with electrolytes. However, when titanium substrate was anodized in HF, surface morphologies and structures of anodic titania film greatly changed, forming self-organized TiO2 nanotubes.

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16

Tian, Tian. "Preparation and Antibacterial Bioactivity of Ti-Base Titania Nanotube Arrays." Key Engineering Materials 609-610 (April 2014): 435–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.609-610.435.

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A vertically aligned bioactivity titania nanotube arrays was fabricated on the surface of titanium substrate by anodization. The nanotubes were then treated with optical deposition of silver to make them antibacterial, and to inhibition growth of bacterial in the antibacterial test in vitro. It is shown that the present of silver particle inhibition the growth staphylococcus aureus. Such bioactivity titania nanotube arrays and associated hollow tube structure can be useful as a well-adhered antibacterial bioactive surface layer on titanium implant metals for orthopaedic and dental implants.

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17

Yoo, Sehoon, Suliman A. Dregia, Sheikh A. Akbar, Helene Rick, and Kenneth H. Sandhage. "Kinetic mechanism of TiO2 nanocarving via reaction with hydrogen gas." Journal of Materials Research 21, no. 7 (July 1, 2006): 1822–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2006.0225.

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Dense polycrystalline titania (TiO2, rutile) was converted into oriented arrays of single-crystal titania nanofibers by reaction with a noncombustible, hydrogen-bearing gas mixture at only 680–780 °C. Such nanofiber formation resulted from anisotropic etching (“nanocarving”) of the titania grains. The fibers possessed diameters of 20–50 nm and lengths of up to several microns, with the long fiber axes oriented parallel to the [001] crystallographic direction of rutile. Mass spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy indicated that oxygen, but not titanium, was removed from the specimen during the reaction with hydrogen. The removal of substantial oxygen and solid volume from the reacting surfaces, without an appreciable change in the Ti:O ratio at such surfaces, was consistent with the solid-state diffusion of titanium cations from the surface into the bulk of the specimen. The reaction-induced weight loss followed a parabolic rate law, which was also consistent with a solid-state diffusion-controlled process.

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Oh, Han Jun, Jong Ho Lee, Seung Hyun Lee, and Choong Soo Chi. "Synthesis of Eu-Doped TiO₂ Nanotubes Using Electrochemical Oxidation." Key Engineering Materials 543 (March 2013): 188–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.543.188.

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To improve the photocatalytic properties of titania photocatalyst by incorporated Eu element during electrochemical oxidation, Eu-doped titanium oxide nanotube was synthesized by anodic process in an ethylene glycol electrolyte with Eu (NO3)3 as an additive. The crystalline structure and surface characteristics of Eu-doped titania nanotube were investigated. The XPS results indicate the migration of the europium element into the titania nanotube layer from mixture electrolyte during electrochemical oxidation. The Eu-doped titania nanotubes show much higher activity of dye degradation.

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Escamilla, Juan Carlos, Jesús Hidalgo-Carrillo, Juan Martín-Gómez, Rafael C. Estévez-Toledano, Vicente Montes, Daniel Cosano, Francisco J. Urbano, and Alberto Marinas. "Hydrogen Production through Glycerol Photoreforming on TiO2/Mesoporous Carbon: Influence of the Synthetic Method." Materials 13, no. 17 (August 28, 2020): 3800. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13173800.

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This article explores the effect of the synthetic method of titanium dioxide (TiO2)/C composites (physical mixture and the water-assisted/unassisted sol-gel method) on their photocatalytic activity for hydrogen production through glycerol photoreforming. The article demonstrates that, apart from a high surface area of carbon and the previous activation of its surface to favor titania incorporation, the appropriate control of titania formation is crucial. In this sense, even though the amount of incorporated titania was limited by the saturation of carbon surface groups (in our case, ca. 10 wt.% TiO2), the sol-gel process without water addition seemed to be the best method, ensuring the formation of small homogeneously-distributed anatase crystals on mesoporous carbon. In this way, a ca. 110-fold increase in catalyst activity compared to Evonik P25 (expressed as hydrogen micromole per grams of titania) was achieved.

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20

Cao, Y., Li Ping Wang, Bo Zhang, Qiang Lin, Xu Dong Li, C. Y. Bao, Ji Yong Chen, L. Yang, and Xing Dong Zhang. "The Effect of Microporous Structure on Bone-Bonding Ability of Titanium." Key Engineering Materials 284-286 (April 2005): 211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.284-286.211.

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The three different structures of titanium oxide film were prepared: (1) The commercial pure titanium was treated with heating in air at 700°C for half hour and gotten a dense rutile film on titanium (HS Samples); (2) The commercial pure titanium was treated by chemically treating and gotten a layer of amorphous titania gel on the Ti surface (TS Samples); (3) After chemically treating, the samples were heated in air at 700 °C for half hour, and gotten nano-particles coalesced microporous titanium oxide (rutile) film on titanium surface (XS sample). The dense rutile and amorphous titania gel did not induce apatite formation on their surfaces in SBF solution for 48 hours, whereas the nano-particles coalesced microporous rutile structure induced apatite formation on their surfaces. Mechanical test and histological examination were investigated after the samples implanted in dogs limbs for 3 months. The results of push-out test are 12.96, 29.48 and 35.83 MPa respectively for HS, TS and XS sample. Histological results showed that TS sample and XS sample contacted the bone directly, without any intervening fibrous tissue, and there was a fibrous tissue layer between the bone and HS samples.

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Zhao, Xiaobing, Xuanyong Liu, and Chuanxian Ding. "Acid-induced bioactive titania surface." Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 75A, no. 4 (2005): 888–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.30485.

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Yu, Qi Feng, Bang Cheng Yang, Yao Wu, and Xing Dong Zhang. "Preparation of Bioactive Nanophase Titania Ceramics by Alkali-Heat Treatment." Key Engineering Materials 288-289 (June 2005): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.288-289.215.

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In this study, alkali-heat treatment in NaOH solution and heat treatment, which could form amorphous sodium titanate on nanophase titania ceramics surface by conditioning the process, was employed to modify the structure and bioactivity of biomedical titania ceramics. After the nanophase titania ceramics was subjected to alkali-heat treatment, thin film X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy results showed the titania ceramics surfaces were covered by porous sodium titanate. In fast calacification solution (FCS), the alkali-heat treated titania ceramics could induce bonelike apatite formation on its surface. Our results showed that induction of apatite-forming ability on titania ceramics could be attained by alkali-heat treatment. So it was an effective way to prepare bioactive titania ceramics by combining sintering and alkali-heat treatment.

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23

Balakrishnan, A., Byoung Cheon Lee, Taik Nam Kim, and B. B. Panigrahi. "Strength and Reliability Performance of Hydroxyapatite Coatings on Titania Treated Ti6Al4V Alloy Using Sol-Gel Precursor." Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (June 2007): 1161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.1161.

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In this study hydroxyapatite (HA) was coated by sol-gel method on Ti6Al4V alloy substrates: on micropolished surface and after titania (titanium oxide) treatment. Former shows the cracks and poor bonding of HA whereas latter shows coating without cracks and higher bonding strength. The higher bonding strength of HA coating in titania treated sample could be attributed to the increased roughness by titanium oxide layer.

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Li, Wei, Liu Zhu Chen, and Peng Sha Pang. "Influence of Hydrothermal Treatment in Deionized Water on Surface Morphology and Structure of Titanium with Biomedical Application by Microarc Oxidation." Key Engineering Materials 373-374 (March 2008): 734–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.373-374.734.

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Owing to the excellent biocompatibility and corrosion-resistance of titanium and bioactivity of hydroxyapatite, the titanium/hydroxyapatite composite material combining their advantages is a highlight with bright prospects in medical clinics. In the present paper, the microarc oxidation (MAO) was performed on commercial pure titanium at first. Furthermore, the hydrothermal treatment (HT)was given with media of deionized water at 200°C for 4h in an autoclave. The surface morphology of the samples was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the detailed composition was analyzed with Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS). The X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) was employed to characterize the crystal structure of composite. The results indicate that the titania film contains the Ca and P elements on titanium substrate after MAO, which converts into the hydroxyapatite crystals via hydrothermal treatment. The smaller size and amount of hydroxyapatite crystals are found when lower voltage is presented. But there are converse phenomena with higher voltage, especially, the differences can be neglected above 400V. It is shown that the micro-hole and hollow surface of titania film can induce the hydroxyapatite nucleation and growth as two different forming ways. The hydroxyapatite has a preference of forming in hollow surface with lower voltage, however, the presences of the micro-hole and hollow surface of titania film are occurring for higher voltage. The hydroxyapatite forming in micro-hole shows needle-like crystal and high bonding strength with surrounding titania film because of the mechanical restrict force from micro-hole wall. Also it is noted that hydroxyapatite crystals incline to precipitate on the film surface with high Ca and P concentrations after the hydrothermal treatment.

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Yabe, S., Kanji Tsuru, Satoshi Hayakawa, Akiyoshi Osaka, Y. Yoshida, K. Suzuki, and T. Kuboki. "Cell Proliferation on Titania Layer with In Vitro Apatite Forming Ability." Key Engineering Materials 330-332 (February 2007): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.330-332.131.

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Titania layer was fabricated on the titanium substrates with chemical treatment with 20ml or 40ml of hydrogen peroxide solution and subsequent heat treatment at 400°C, coded as CHT20 and CHT40, respectively. CHT20 spontaneously deposited apatite on the surface in a simulated body fluid (SBF), while CHT40 did not. TF-XRD patterns showed that the diffraction intensity of anatase of CHT20 was higher than that of CHT40. It was suggested that the thicker titania layer indicated in vitro apatite forming ability. The cell proliferation of CHT20 and CHT40 were lower than NT and HT. Since the surface of titania layers became hydrophobic after autoclaving, we can suppose that the cell proliferation on CHT20 and CHT40 were lower than NT and HT due to their surface hydrophobicity.

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Kim, Jong-Ho, Sayed Mukit Hossain, Hui-Ju Kang, Heeju Park, Leonard Tijing, Geun Woo Park, Norihiro Suzuki, et al. "Hydrophilic/Hydrophobic Silane Grafting on TiO2 Nanoparticles: Photocatalytic Paint for Atmospheric Cleaning." Catalysts 11, no. 2 (February 2, 2021): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11020193.

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In this study, anatase titania was utilized to prepare a durable photocatalytic paint with substantially enhanced photoactivity towards NO oxidation. Consequently, to alleviate the choking effect of photocatalytic paint and incorporate self-cleaning properties, the parent anatase titania was modified with Al(OH)3 and a number of organosilane (tetraethyl orthosilicate, propyltrimethoxysilane, triethoxy(octadecyl)silane, and trimethylchlorosilane) coatings. A facile hydrolysis approach in ethanol was employed to coat the parent titania. To facilitate uniform dispersion in photocatalytic paint and strong bonding with the prevailing organic matrix, it is necessary to avail both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions on the titania surface. Therefore, during the preparation of modified titania, the weight proportion of the total weight of alkyl silane and trimethylchlorosilane was adjusted to a ratio of 1:1. As the parent titania has few hydrophilic portions on the surface, tetraethyl orthosilicate was coated with an organic silane having an extended alkyl group as a hydrophobic group and tetraethyl orthosilicate as a hydrophilic group. When these two silane mixtures are hydrolyzed simultaneously and coated on the surface of parent titania, a portion containing a large amount of tetraethyl orthosilicate becomes hydrophilic, and a part containing an alkyl silane becomes hydrophobic. The surface morphology and the modified titania’s optical attributes were assessed using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis. Based on the advanced characterizations, the NO removal mechanism of the modified titania is reported. The modified titania coated at 20 wt.% on the ceramic substrate was found to remove ~18% of NO under one h of UV irradiation. An extensive UV durability test was also carried out, whereby the coated surface with modified titania was exposed to 350 W/m2 of UV irradiance for 2 weeks. The results indicated that the coated surface appeared to preserve the self-cleaning property even after oil spraying. Hence, facile hydrolysis of multiple organosilane in ethanol could be a viable approach to design the coating on anatase titania for the fabrication of durable photoactive paint.

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Okada, Tomomi, and Masaru Miyayama. "Synthesis and Evaluation of Electrochemical Properties of Mesoporous Anatase Titania." Key Engineering Materials 301 (January 2006): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.301.151.

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Lithium intercalation properties were investigated for mesoporous titania, prepared by hydrolysis of titanium tetrabutoxide followed by calcining at various temperatures. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that synthesized titania were anatase phase. The B.E.T. surface area of mesoporous titania decreased with increasing calcining temperature, but that of mesoporous titania calcined at 450°C was over 50 m2/g. Lithium intercalation capacities of mesoporous anatase increased with increasing calcining temperature up to 450°C. Mesoporous anatase titania calcined at 450°C showed a capacity of 118 mAh/g at a current density of 1 A/g. The lithium intercalation properties depended on crystallinity, remaining water content and mesopore size.

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Horikawa, Hajime, Takashi Ogihara, Nobuo Ogata, Masahiro Asahara, and Xing Zheng Wu. "Electrode Properties of Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Using Ruthenium Complex/Titania Nano Crystal." Key Engineering Materials 320 (September 2006): 231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.320.231.

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Titania nanocrystals were prepared by hydrolysis of titanium alkoxide in ethanol solution. The preparation of titania / alumina thin film was performed on ITO coated glass substrate by dip coating method using ethanol of titania nanocrystal and boemite sol. The crystal structures, microstructure and thickness of titania / alumina thin film were examined by XRD and SEM. The adsorption of dye was influenced by the surface structure of thin film. The adsorption of dye on the films was improved by the immersion into acid as HNO3. Ruthenium polypyridyl complex and triarylmethylium salt were used as dye. Electrode using titania / alumina thin film for dye-sensitized solar cell was constructed.

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Zhang, Guo Ge, Hai Tao Huang, Helen Lai Wah Chan, and Li Min Zhou. "Porous Barium Strontium Titanate-Titania Nanocomposites for Photocatalytic Applications." Advanced Materials Research 47-50 (June 2008): 936–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.47-50.936.

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Porous barium strontium titanate−titania (BST−TiO2) nanocomposite was developed by the combination of electrochemical anodization and hydrothermal synthesis. Self organized titania nanotube arrays were first fabricated by electrochemical anodization of titanium foil in 0.2 wt.% HF. The as-anodized titania was then used as a template and was subject to a hydrothermal treatment in the solution mixture of barium hydroxide and strontium hydroxide with different molar ratios. Well crystallized barium strontium titanate was developed directly from the titania nanotubes. Annealing was carried out to transform residual amorphous titania to crystallized anatase, resulting in the porous BST−TiO2 nanocomposite. The surface morphology and structure of the nanocomposite were characterized. The photoelectrochemical response of the BST−TiO2 composite was investigated and the photocatalytic property was evaluated through the photo-decomposition of an organic dye solution. The effect of hydrothermal parameters on the surface morphology and the photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposite was studied.

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30

Srinivasu, Pavuluri, Surya Prakash Singh, Ashraful Islam, and Liyuan Han. "Novel Approach for the Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Anatase Titania and Their Photovoltaic Application." Advances in OptoElectronics 2011 (October 9, 2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/539382.

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High surface area titania with crystalline anatase walls has been synthesized using ordered large mesoporous carbon as a template. The pore structure of mesoporous carbon is infiltrated with titanium tetraisopropoxide solution at room temperature and the mixture is subjected to heat treatment at in presence of air to complete removal of the template. The prepared crystalline anatase frameworks are characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption and HR-TEM. The nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis of the prepared anatase titania particles exhibits BET specific surface area of 28 m2/g. The dye-sensitized solar cells performance of this anatase titania material has been tested and energy conversion efficiency of 3.0% is achieved under AM 1.5 sunlight. This work reports a new approach for fabrication of nanocrystalline anatase titania by simple hard templating technique for the first time and their applications for dye-sensitized solar cell.

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31

Gunathilake, Chamila, Chandrakantha Kalpage, Murthi Kadanapitiye, Rohan S. Dassanayake, Amanpreet S. Manchanda, and Mahinda Gangoda. "Facile Synthesis and Surface Characterization of Titania-Incorporated Mesoporous Organosilica Materials." Journal of Composites Science 3, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs3030077.

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Titania-incorporated organosilica-mesostructures (Ti-MO) were synthesized using tris [3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]isocyanurate, tetraethylorthosilicate as silica precursors, and titanium isopropoxide as the titanium precursor via a co-condensation method in the presence of the triblock copolymer, Pluronic P123. The triblock copolymer was completely removed by extraction with a 95% ethanol solution, followed by a thermal treatment at 350 °C under flowing nitrogen without decomposing isocyanurate bridging groups. The molar ratio of titanium to silica in the mesostructures was gradually changed by increasing the amount of tetraethylorthosilicate in the initial reaction mixture. Our synthesis strategy also allowed us to tailor both adsorption and structural properties, including a well-developed specific surface area, high microporosity, and large pore volume. A portion of the samples was thermally treated at 600 °C to remove both the block copolymer and bridging groups. The thermal treatment at 600 °C was used to convert the amorphous titania into a crystalline anatase form. The Ti-MO materials were characterized using a N2 adsorption desorption analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). CO2 adsorption studies were also conducted to determine the basicity of the Ti-MO materials. The effect of the surface properties on the CO2 sorption was also identified.

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32

Shin, Euisup S., Ill Yong Kim, Sung Baek Cho, and Chikara Ohtsuki. "Inhibitory Effects of Doped Aluminum and Silicon on HAp-Forming Ability of Titania in Simulated Body Fluid." Key Engineering Materials 529-530 (November 2012): 641–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.529-530.641.

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Chemical modification of titanium substrate provides ability of hydroxyapatite (HAp) formation that is important property for bone-bonding capability after implantation in bony defects. Potential of the HAp-formation is occasionally reduced. In the present study, we investigated potential of the HAp-formation on titanium oxide (titania) with doped silicon or aluminum in simulated body fluid (SBF). Sol-gel processing was applied to prepare titania with doped silicon (TSx) or aluminum (TAx), in its nominal composition ranging from 0 to 10 mol%. Specific surface area of the prepared samples was gradually increased with increasing the amounts of silicon or aluminum. Zeta potential of TAx was definite changed from negative charge to positive charge with increasing aluminum amounts, but TSx slightly changed to be positive with increasing silicon amounts. The pure titania sample free from doping of silicon or aluminum showed formation of calcium phosphate precipitates, that is HAp-formation, after soaking in SBF for 14 d. In contrast, all the titania samples with doped silicon or aluminum hardly showed evidence of precipitates of calcium phosphates, although absorption of calcium and phosphate ions were detected. Especially, TAx showed remarkable adsorption of phosphate ions. Aluminum-doping in titania enhances the adsorption of phosphate ion on the surface, but reduce nucleation rate of calcium phosphates in body environment.

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33

Garrick, Sean C. "Growth Mechanisms of Nanostructured Titania in Turbulent Reacting Flows." Journal of Nanotechnology 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/642014.

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Titanium dioxide (titania) is used in chemical sensors, pigments, and paints and holds promise as an antimicrobial agent. This is due to its photoinduced activity and, in nanostructured form, its high specific surface area. Particle size and surface area result from the interplay of fluid, chemical, and thermal dynamics as well as nucleation, condensation and coagulation. After nucleation, condensation, and coagulation are the dominant phenomena affecting the particle size distribution. Manufacture of nanostructured titania via gas-phase synthesis often occurs under turbulent flow conditions. This study examines the competition between coagulation and condensation in the growth of nanostructured titania. Direct numerical simulation is utilized in simulating the hydrolysis of titanium tetrachloride to produce titania in a turbulent, planar jet. The fluid, chemical, and particle fields are resolved as a function of space and time. As a result, knowledge of titania is available as a function of space, time, and phase (vapor or particle), facilitating the analysis of the particle dynamics by mechanism. Results show that in the proximal region of the jet nucleation and condensation are the dominant mechanisms. However once the jet potential core collapses and turbulent mixing begins, coagulation is the dominant mechanism. The data also shows that the coagulation growth-rate is as much as twice the condensation growth-rate.

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34

Deng, Zhen Nan, Jin Song Liu, Yun He, Si Qian Wang, and Jian Feng Ma. "Synthesis and Properties of Hydroxyapatite-Containing Porous Titania Coating on Titanium by Ultrasonic Shot Peening and Micro-Arc Oxidation." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 2081–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.2081.

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Titanium with surface nanostructure has superior mechanical and biological properties, which benefits titanium implants. To further improve the bioactivity of Ti surfaces, Ca/P-containing porous titania coatings were prepared on Ti with surface nanostructure by ultrasonic shot peening (USP) and micro-arc oxidation (MAO). The phase identification, composition, morphology and microstructure of the coatings of Ti with surface nanostructure during MAO were investigated subsequently. The amounts of Ca, P and the Ca/P ratio of the coatings formed on Ti with surface nanostructure were greater than those on coarse-grained Ti. Incubated in a simulated body fluid, bone-like apatite was completely formed on the surface of Ti, thus evidencing preferable bioactivity.

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35

Harris, M. R., and G. Whitaker. "Surface properties of hydrolysed Titania. II. Dependence of surface structure of titania gels on pH." Journal of Applied Chemistry 13, no. 5 (May 4, 2007): 198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5010130502.

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36

Xie, Yi Bing, Li Min Zhou, Chuan Jun Huang, Yang Liu, and Jian Lu. "Preparation and Electrochemical Capacitance of Ruthenium Oxide-Titania Nanotube Composite." Materials Science Forum 614 (March 2009): 235–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.614.235.

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A well-aligned titania nanotube array grown on titanium sheet was fabricated by an anodization process in hydrofluoric acid-phosphoric acid-ethylene glycol aqueous electrolyte. Electroactive ruthenium oxide was filled into independent titania nanotubes or deposited on the surface of planar titanium sheet by an electrodeposition-oxidation process. Electrochemical capacitances of these well-designed ruthenium oxides were investigated for supercapacitor applications. Accordingly, ruthenium oxide-titania/titanium (RuO2-TiO2/Ti) nanocomposite exhibits a much higher specific capacitance, power and energy density than ruthenium oxide/titanium (RuO2/Ti) in sulphate acid electrolyte. The utilization efficiency of RuO2 is intensively improved by introducing a novel electrode substrate with a nanotube array structure. Such a superior performance of RuO2-TiO2/Ti nanocomposite is ascribed to its highly accessible reaction sites of well-tailored RuO2 on TiO2 nanotubes.

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37

Grabis, Jānis, Anita Letlena, Ints Šteins, Māra Lubāne, and Aija Krūmiņa. "Photocatalytic Properties of ZnO-TiO₂ Composite Films Prepared by Spray Pyrolysis." Key Engineering Materials 788 (November 2018): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.788.68.

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Thin films of ZnO, ZnO coated with TiO2 and ZnO modified with titania were prepared by using simple spray pyrolysis of zinc and titanium containing solutions. The photicatalytic activity of the obtained films was determined by degradation of MB solution under UV and simulated solar illumination. The photocatalytic activity of ZnO/TiO2 films depended on the content of titania, substrate surface roughness, surface area and deposition cycles. The highest activity under simulated solar light was detected for ZnO films containing 3 wt.% of TiO2.

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38

Eremenko, Anna, Natalie Smirnova, Oksana Yakimenko, Galina Starukh, David R. Worrall, and Siân L. Williams. "Electron transfer processes of coadsorbed Anthracene and N,N-Dimethylaniline on titania-silica." International Journal of Photoenergy 6, no. 1 (2004): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1110662x04000029.

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The effect of titania-silica binaries on the processes of PET and the decay kinetics of the Anthracene (An) fluorescence and An radical cation in presence of the co-adsorbed electron donor N,Ndimethylaniline (DMA) has been studied. The fluorescence of excited An adsorbed on pure silica is quenched by the addition of DMA, while co-adsorption of DMA on Ti/Si binaries resulted in increase of fluorescence intensity of adsorbed An. We suggest that competitive adsorption between DMA and An results in DMA occupying more active “titania” sites causing the shift of An molecules to weaker adsorption sites located on the silica support. An and DMA molecules being adsorbed simultaneously on the surface, effectively produce reduced titanium ions due to an electron transfer process. These data appear to lend weight to the suggestion of a pre-exciplex An-DMA state on the surface and effective PET from the excited molecular pair to the acceptor sites on the surface. These sites may be titania aggregates, or titania ions when there is a low content of Ti in the binaries.

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Ranney, Elizabeth, John Mansfield, Kai Sun, and Johannes Schwank. "Effects of synthesis conditions on dimensions, structure, and oxygen content of photocatalytically active titania nanotubes." Journal of Materials Research 25, no. 1 (January 2010): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2010.0011.

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In this study, we report a method for the formation and characterization of aligned arrays of amorphous titania nanotubes by anodic oxidation in thin titanium films on SiO2 substrates using fluoride-containing electrolytes. Trends in titania nanotube geometries as a function of synthesis conditions were established. A titania nanotube array surface area of approximately 178 m2/g is reported. The titania nanotubes transitioned to the rutile crystal structure when heated in air at 530 °C–705 °C. The degradation of methylene blue under UV light showed that lower fluoride concentrations in the synthesis electrolyte result in higher photocatalytic activity of the titania nanotubes. These results indicate that the synthesis conditions affect the oxygen content of amorphous nanotubes, which determines their physical and chemical properties.

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40

Dyachenko, D. I., A. A. Kravchenko, and D. V. Kokorina. "Investigation of Titania Nanotube Arrays Obtained from Glycerol Electrolytes." Solid State Phenomena 265 (September 2017): 667–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.265.667.

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Titania nanotube arrays were formed by electrochemical anodic etching of titanium from glycerol solutions with addition of 0.5% HF and analyzed by scanning probe microscopy and ellipsometric analyzes. Potentiostatic curves allow identifying several different stages of growth of nanotubes of titanium dioxide, however, this method does not establish specific parameters of the surface. We demonstrated that analysis of the spectrum ellipsometric parameters Psi and Delta can used as a criterion of quality, frequency, depth and other characteristics of the obtained arrays of titania nanotube. The use of these methods of analysis allowed to fully characterize the different stages of growth of titania nanotube from glycerol solutions and can be used for quality control the resulting structures for various applications.

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41

Zeng, Min, Naofumi Uekawa, Takashi Kojima, and Kazuyuki Kakegawa. "Formation process of BaTiO3 particles by reaction between barium hydroxide aqueous solution and titania obtained by hydrolysis of titanium alkoxide." Journal of Materials Research 22, no. 9 (September 2007): 2631–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0337.

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BaTiO3 particles were prepared by heating a suspension of titania derived from the hydrolysis of titanium isopropoxide in a barium hydroxide [Ba(OH)2] aqueous solution. Well-crystallized cubic phase BaTiO3 fine particles were obtained by heating at a temperature >328 K for 24 h. The morphology and size of the obtained particles were affected by the reaction temperature and the Ba(OH)2/titanium alkoxide molar ratio. The secondary particles with a larger size were obtained at a lower reaction temperature. The nucleation process of BaTiO3 depended on the reaction temperature. The formation mechanism of BaTiO3 and the formation kinetics were investigated by measuring the concentrations of Ba2+ ions in the solution during the heating process. The BaTiO3 particle formation occurred on the surface of the titania particles after strong adsorption of the Ba2+ ions from the solution. The experimental results showed that the heterogeneous nucleation of BaTiO3 occurred on the titania surface.

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42

Say, Wen C., Chin C. Yeh, and Chih-Hwa Chen. "SURFACE MORPHOLOGIES ON THE ADDITION OF TiO2 TO CALCIUM PHOSPHATE BIO-GLASS." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 19, no. 06 (December 2007): 389–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237207000495.

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Titanium dioxide is added into calcium phosphate bio-glass (CPG) to have crystalline phases of titanium phosphoric ( TiP 2 O 7) and calcium phosphoric ( CaP 2 O 7) on its surfaces. The bio-glass synthesis with the addition of titanium dioxide herein is denoted as TCPG. To elucidate their surface morphologies, both specimens of CPG and TCPG were immersed in Hanks' solution for two days before soaking in the mixed solutions of ( NH 4)2 HPO 4 and Ca ( NO 3)2 at 70°. Crystalline layers of titanium phosphoric were observed on the surfaces of TCPG from immersing in Hanks' solution. After which calcium pyrophosphate appeared on the second step of soaking process from the calcium ion contained solutions. Due to the absence of crystalline phases on the surfaces of CPG specimen, it can be deduced that the addition of titania ( TiO 2) causes the hydroxyapatite formation on the surface of bio-glass.

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43

Cringoli, Maria Cristina, Siglinda Perathoner, Paolo Fornasiero, and Silvia Marchesan. "Carbon Nanostructures Decorated with Titania: Morphological Control and Applications." Applied Sciences 11, no. 15 (July 24, 2021): 6814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11156814.

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Nanostructured titania (TiO2) is the most widely applied semiconducting oxide for a variety of purposes, and it is found in many commercial products. The vast majority of uses rely on its photo-activity, which, upon light irradiation, results in excited states that can be used for diverse applications. These range from catalysis, especially for energy or environmental remediation, to medicine—in particular, to attain antimicrobial surfaces and coatings for titanium implants. Clearly, the properties of titania are enhanced when working at the nanoscale, thanks to the increasingly active surface area. Nanomorphology plays a key role in the determination of the materials’ final properties. In particular, the nucleation and growth of nanosized titania onto carbon nanostructures as a support is a hot topic of investigation, as the nanocarbons not only provide structural stability but also display the ability of electronic communication with the titania, leading to enhanced photoelectronic properties of the final materials. In this concise review, we present the latest progress pertinent to the use of nanocarbons as templates to tailor nanostructured titania, and we briefly review the most promising applications and future trends of this field.

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44

Ho, Sui-Wen. "Surface Hydroxyls and Chemisorbed Hydrogen on Titania and Titania Supported Cobalt." Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society 43, no. 2 (April 1996): 155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jccs.199600023.

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45

HADJIIVANOV, K. I., and D. G. KLISSURSKI. "ChemInform Abstract: Surface Chemistry of Titania (Anatase) and Titania-Supported Catalysts." ChemInform 27, no. 44 (August 4, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199644302.

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46

Sun, Tao, and Min Wang. "Characteristics and Chemical Stability of the Bioactive Titania Layer Formed on Ti, Ti-6Al-4V and NiTi SMA through a Low Temperature Oxidation Process." Advanced Materials Research 47-50 (June 2008): 1403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.47-50.1403.

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To improve the biocompatibility and bioactivity of titanium and titanium alloys, a titanium oxide layer was synthesized on Ti, Ti-6Al-4V and NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) using a H2O2-oxidation and hot water aging technique. The surface of these metals before and after the oxidation treatment was characterized using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Because of the synthetic titanium oxide surface layer, the Al and V contents on the surface of as-oxidized Ti-6Al-4V decreased significantly. Similarly, the Ni content on the surface of as-oxidized NiTi SMA was also significantly reduced. Potentiodynamic polarization curves indicated that the synthetic titania layer was more chemically stable than the spontaneous titania film on the metals. Among the three metals, the oxide layer on Ti was the most stable chemically. The in vitro bioactivity of as-oxidized metals was assessed through incubation in simulated body fluid (SBF). Compared to as-oxidized Ti-6Al-4V and NiTi SMA, as-oxidized Ti was the most bioactive.

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47

Samokhvalov, Alexander, Sachin Nair, Evert C. Duin, and Bruce J. Tatarchuk. "Surface characterization of Ag/Titania adsorbents." Applied Surface Science 256, no. 11 (March 2010): 3647–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.01.002.

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48

Lee, Siew Ling, Jamilah Mohd Ekhsan, Nur Azleena Kasiran, and Azira Abdul Aziz. "Effect of Titania Loading on Properties and Catalytic Activity of Nanostructured Phosphate–Vanadia-Impregnated Silica–Titania Oxidative–Acidic Bifunctional Catalyst." International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijcre-2014-0095.

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Abstract Effect of titania loading on physical–chemical properties and bifunctional catalytic activity of phosphate–vanadia-impregnated silica–titania was investigated. Different concentrations of titanium were impregnated into fumed silica, followed by impregnation of vanadium and phosphoric acid simultaneously onto the prepared silica–titania. Results revealed that Ti amount did not have significant effect on crystallinity, surface area and particle size of the resulted materials. However, quantity of tetrahedrally coordinated Ti species increased with increasing Ti content in the sample. Pyridine adsorption study showed the presence of both Brønsted and Lewis acid sites in all the samples even in the titanium-free phosphate–vanadia-impregnated silica sample. The catalytic testing showed that phosphate–vanadia-impregnated silica–titania with the molar ratio of Si:Ti=33:1 was the best bifunctional catalyst in the transformation of 1-octene to 1,2-octanediol using aqueous hydrogen peroxide as oxidant.

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Ratova, Marina, David Sawtell, and Peter J. Kelly. "Micro-Patterning of Magnetron Sputtered Titanium Dioxide Coatings and Their Efficiency for Photocatalytic Applications." Coatings 10, no. 1 (January 12, 2020): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10010068.

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Titanium dioxide thin films were deposited onto sola-lime glass substrates by reactive magnetron sputtering. Fine stainless steel mesh sheets with different aperture sizes were applied as masks over glass substrates to allow the deposition of the coatings with micro-patterned structures and, therefore, enhanced surface area. Non-patterned titania films were deposited for comparison purposes. The titanium dioxide films were post-deposition annealed at 873 K for crystallinity development and then extensively analysed by a number of analytical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), optical and stylus profilometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of non-patterned and micro-patterned titania films was assessed under UV light irradiation by three different methods; namely methylene blue, stearic acid, and oleic acid degradation. The results revealed that the micro-patterned coatings significantly outperformed non-patterned titania in all types of photocatalytic tests, due to their higher values of surface area. Increasing the aperture of the stainless steel mesh resulted in lower photocatalytic activity and lower surface area values, compared to the coatings deposited through a smaller aperture mesh.

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Sadovskaya, Lyubov’ Yu, Tatsiana V. Sviridova, Mariya V. Morozova, and Dmitriy V. Sviridov. "Synthesis of nanodispersed titanium dioxide via pH-controlled polymerization of titanium acid." Journal of the Belarusian State University. Chemistry, no. 1 (February 21, 2019): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/2520-257x-2019-1-32-37.

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The possibility of synthesis of highly photoactive nanosized titania employing ion exchange to exert control over polycondensation of titanium acid in aqueous medium has been demonstrated. The resultant spherical TiO2 nanoparticles exhibits extra high light-induced oxidation activity remaining for some time even after termination of UV illumination. The nanodispersed titania readily penetrate into the surface pores and can be used for deposition of photocatalytic coatings by impregnation technique.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Titania surface'

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