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Journal articles on the topic 'Tissue volumetry'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Chernina, V. Yu, N. S. Kulberg, O. O. Aleshina, T. A. Korb, I. A. Blokhin, S. P. Morozov, and V. A. Gombolevskiy. "Cardiac visceral fat volume estimation from low-dose chest computed tomography: a study with a designed beating heart phantom." Almanac of Clinical Medicine 49, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18786/2072-0505-2021-49-006.

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Background: Since 2017, a pilot project for lung cancer screening by chest low dose computed tomography (LDCT) has been implemented in Moscow. Patients to be included into the screening have risk factors for ischemic heart disease (IHD). The association between epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) volume and coronary artery atherosclerosis, IHD, and atrial fibrillation has been demonstrated previously.Aim: To demonstrate the feasibility of LDCTbased EAT volumetry using a dynamic (contracting) heart phantom.Materials and methods: The study was performed with the designed dynamic heart phantom and chest phantom in two stages. At stage I, two adipose tissue pieces were scanned inside and outside the chest phantom using CT and LDCT. At stage II, the dynamic heart phantom was scanned outside and inside the chest phantom. In addition, we scanned the heart phantom with a coronary calcium phantom. The contracting heart phantom was developed within three months. All scans of the phantom were performed within one day. We determined the adipose tissue thresholds in LDCT and the EAT volumetric error with both chest CT and LDCT. Measurements of the adipose tissue volumes were performed by the radiologist twice with semi-automatic software.Results: The results of stage I helped to identify optimal density thresholds for LDCT-based adipose tissue volumetry in lung cancer screening, ranging from -250 HU to -30 HU. The stage II results showed that for all heart phantom scanning variants, the average EAT volumetry error did not exceed 5%, except for the case of contracting heart phantom with added coronary calcium in a chest phantom with body mass index (BMI) 29 (-5.92%). Adding the coronary calcium phantom to the heart phantom in LDCT increased the error by an average of 4% in BMI 23 and BMI 29 chest phantoms.Conclusion: LDCT-based EAT volumetry with fat density threshold from -250 HU to -30 HU is feasible in lung cancer screening, including patients with coronary calcium. However, considering the phantom design, further patient studies, and correlation of EAT volumes between LDCT for lung cancer screening and сoronary CT angiography are required.
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Kellner, Elias, Marco Reisert, Valerij G. Kiselev, Christoph J. Maurer, Lena-Alexandra Beume, Horst Urbach, and Karl Egger. "Automated Infarct Core Volumetry Within the Hypoperfused Tissue." Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography 41, no. 4 (2017): 515–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/rct.0000000000000570.

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3

Cavezzi, Attilio, Simone U. Urso, Stefania Paccasassi, Giovanni Mosti, Fausto Campana, and Roberto Colucci. "Bioimpedance spectroscopy and volumetry in the immediate/short-term monitoring of intensive complex decongestive treatment of lymphedema." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 35, no. 9 (July 6, 2020): 715–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268355520938578.

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Aims To assess (a) immediate/short-term outcomes of intensive complex decongestive treatment of lower limb lymphedema, by means of bioimpedance spectroscopy and tape measurement-based volumetry, and (b) correlation between these two methods. Patients and methods Cohort study on patients affected by unilateral primary or secondary lymphedema, stage II or III. Patients underwent complex decongestive treatment (manual and electro-sound lymphatic drainage, compression bandage, exercises, low-carb nutrition, and dietary supplements) for six days. Before (D0), three and six days after complex decongestive treatment (D3 and D6), volumetry and bioimpedance spectroscopy data of the total limb and lower leg were collected. Statistical analysis was applied to pre–post treatment outcomes and to the volumetry/bioimpedance spectroscopy correlation. Results Forty-one patients (15 males and 26 females, mean age: 50.7 years) were included. A progressive improvement of volumetry and bioimpedance spectroscopy figures was recorded. Total limb and leg volumetry (mean value in cc) was, respectively, 11,072.9 and 3150.8 at D0, 10,493 (−5.2%, p = 0.001) and 2980.2 (−5.4%, p < 0.001) at D6. Total limb lymphatic index at D0 and D6 was 18.9 and 14.8 (−21.5%, p < 0.001). Total limb resistance at D0, D3, and D6 was 200.4, 225.7, and 237.5 (+18.5%, p < 0.001), respectively; leg resistance at D0 and D6 was 117.5 and 150 (+27.7%, p < 0.001), respectively. Total limb reactance at D0, D3, and D6 was 12.2, 15, and 16.6 (+35.5%, p < 0.001), respectively. Leg reactance at D0 and D6 was 7.7 and 11.5 (+ 49.6%, p < 0001), respectively. Correlation volumetry/bioimpedance spectroscopy data were (a) total limb volumetry/resistance rho = −0.449, p < 0.01; volumetry/reactance rho=−0.466, p < 0.01; volumetry/lymphatic index rho = 0.581, p < 0.01; (b) leg volumetry/resistance rho=−0.579, p < 0.01; volumetry/reactance rho=−0.469, p < 0.01; volumetry/lymphatic index rho = 0.466, p < 0.05. Conclusions Complex decongestive treatment on lymphedematous limbs was effective at short term; both volumetry and bioimpedance spectroscopy showed a statistically significant improvement. Resistance and reactance increase, with lymphatic index decrease, correlated with volumetry decrease. Bioimpedance spectroscopy proved to help to assess fluid decrease and the tissue-related parameters variations.
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Agartz, Ingrid, Gaku Okuguwa, Mikael Nordström, Dan Greitz, Vincent Magnotta, and Göran Sedvall. "Reliability and reproducibility of brain tissue volumetry from segmented MR scans." European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 251, no. 6 (December 2001): 255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00007542.

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Agartz, Ingrid, Mikael Nordström, Gaku Okugawa, and Göran Sedvall. "Reliability and reproducibility of brain tissue segmentation and volumetry of MR scans." NeuroImage 13, no. 6 (June 2001): 1023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1053-8119(01)92358-4.

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6

Kloss, Christian U. A., Nora Thomassen, Gunther Fesl, K. Helge Martens, Tarek A. Yousri, and Gerhard F. Hamann. "Tissue-saving infarct volumetry using histochemistry validated by MRI in rat focal ischemia." Neurological Research 24, no. 7 (October 2002): 713–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/016164102101200636.

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7

Walimuni, Indika S., Humaira Abid, and Khader M. Hasan. "A computational framework to quantify tissue microstructural integrity using conventional MRI macrostructural volumetry." Computers in Biology and Medicine 41, no. 12 (December 2011): 1073–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2010.10.009.

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8

Chernina, V. Y., M. E. Pisov, M. G. Belyaev, I. V. Bekk, K. A. Zamyatina, T. A. Korb, O. O. Aleshina, et al. "Epicardial fat Tissue Volumetry: Comparison of Semi-Automatic Measurement and the Machine Learning Algorithm." Kardiologiia 60, no. 9 (September 15, 2020): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18087/cardio.2020.9.n1111.

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Aim To compare assessments of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) volumes obtained with a semi-automatic, physician-performed analysis and an automatic analysis using a machine-learning algorithm by data of low-dose (LDCT) and standard computed tomography (CT) of chest organs.Material and methods This analytical, retrospective, transversal study randomly included 100 patients from a database of a united radiological informational service (URIS). The patients underwent LDCT as a part of the project “Low-dose chest computed tomography as a screening method for detection of lung cancer and other diseases of chest organs” (n=50) and chest CT according to a standard protocol (n=50) in outpatient clinics of Moscow. Each image was read by two radiologists on a Syngo. via VB20 workstation. In addition, each image was evaluated with a developed machine-learning algorithm, which provides a completely automatic measurement of EAT.Results Comparison of EAT volumes obtained with chest LDCT and CT showed highly consistent results both for the expert-performed semi-automatic analyses (correlation coefficient >98 %) and between the expert layout and the machine-learning algorithm (correlation coefficient >95 %). Time of performing segmentation and volumetry on one image with the machine-learning algorithm was not longer than 40 sec, which was 30 times faster than the quantitative analysis performed by an expert and potentially facilitated quantification of the EAT volume in the clinical conditions.Conclusion The proposed method of automatic volumetry will expedite the analysis of EAT for predicting the risk of ischemic heart disease.
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9

Cascino, Gregory D. "Widespread Neuronal Dysfunction in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy." Epilepsy Currents 3, no. 1 (January 2003): 31–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1535-7597.2003.03113.x.

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Reduced Extrahippocampal NAA in Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Mueller SG, Suhy J, Laxer KD, Flenniken DL, Axelrad J, Capizzano AA, Weiner MW Epilepsia 2002;43(10):1210–1216 Purpose Structural and metabolic abnormalities in the hippocampal region in medial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) are well described; less is known about extrahippocampal changes. This study was designed to characterize extrahippocampal metabolic abnormalities in mTLE with magnetic resonance spectroscopy in combination with tissue segmentation and volumetry of gray and white matter. Methods Multislice magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (1H-MRSI) in combination with tissue segmentation was performed on 16 patients with mTLE and 12 age-matched healthy volunteers. The data were analyzed by using a regression-analysis model that estimated the metabolite concentrations in 100% cortical gray and 100% white matter in the frontal lobe and nonfrontal brain. The segmented image was used to calculate the fraction of gray and white matter in these regions. Results mTLE had significantly lower N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) in ipsi- and contralateral frontal gray ( P = 0.03) and in ipsi- and contralateral nonfrontal white matter ( P = 0.008) compared with controls. Although there were no associated volumetric deficits in frontal gray and white matter, ipsilateral nonfrontal gray matter ( P = 0.003) was significantly smaller than that in controls. Conclusions mTLE is associated with extrahippocampal metabolic abnormalities and volumetric deficits, but these do not necessarily affect the same regions.
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Mojtahed, Amirkasra, Luis Núñez, John Connell, Alessandro Fichera, Rowan Nicholls, Angela Barone, Mariana Marieiro, et al. "Repeatability and reproducibility of deep-learning-based liver volume and Couinaud segment volume measurement tool." Abdominal Radiology 47, no. 1 (October 4, 2021): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00261-021-03262-x.

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Abstract Purpose Volumetric and health assessment of the liver is crucial to avoid poor post-operative outcomes following liver resection surgery. No current methods allow for concurrent and accurate measurement of both Couinaud segmental volumes for future liver remnant estimation and liver health using non-invasive imaging. In this study, we demonstrate the accuracy and precision of segmental volume measurements using new medical software, Hepatica™. Methods MRI scans from 48 volunteers from three previous studies were used in this analysis. Measurements obtained from Hepatica™ were compared with OsiriX. Time required per case with each software was also compared. The performance of technicians and experienced radiologists as well as the repeatability and reproducibility were compared using Bland–Altman plots and limits of agreement. Results High levels of agreement and lower inter-operator variability for liver volume measurements were shown between Hepatica™ and existing methods for liver volumetry (mean Dice score 0.947 ± 0.010). A high consistency between technicians and experienced radiologists using the device for volumetry was shown (± 3.5% of total liver volume) as well as low inter-observer and intra-observer variability. Tight limits of agreement were shown between repeated Couinaud segment volume (+ 3.4% of whole liver), segmental liver fibroinflammation and segmental liver fat measurements in the same participant on the same scanner and between different scanners. An underestimation of whole-liver volume was observed between three non-reference scanners. Conclusion Hepatica™ produces accurate and precise whole-liver and Couinaud segment volume and liver tissue characteristic measurements. Measurements are consistent between trained technicians and experienced radiologists. Graphic abstract
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Mojtahed, Amirkasra, Luis Núñez, John Connell, Alessandro Fichera, Rowan Nicholls, Angela Barone, Mariana Marieiro, et al. "Repeatability and reproducibility of deep-learning-based liver volume and Couinaud segment volume measurement tool." Abdominal Radiology 47, no. 1 (October 4, 2021): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00261-021-03262-x.

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Abstract Purpose Volumetric and health assessment of the liver is crucial to avoid poor post-operative outcomes following liver resection surgery. No current methods allow for concurrent and accurate measurement of both Couinaud segmental volumes for future liver remnant estimation and liver health using non-invasive imaging. In this study, we demonstrate the accuracy and precision of segmental volume measurements using new medical software, Hepatica™. Methods MRI scans from 48 volunteers from three previous studies were used in this analysis. Measurements obtained from Hepatica™ were compared with OsiriX. Time required per case with each software was also compared. The performance of technicians and experienced radiologists as well as the repeatability and reproducibility were compared using Bland–Altman plots and limits of agreement. Results High levels of agreement and lower inter-operator variability for liver volume measurements were shown between Hepatica™ and existing methods for liver volumetry (mean Dice score 0.947 ± 0.010). A high consistency between technicians and experienced radiologists using the device for volumetry was shown (± 3.5% of total liver volume) as well as low inter-observer and intra-observer variability. Tight limits of agreement were shown between repeated Couinaud segment volume (+ 3.4% of whole liver), segmental liver fibroinflammation and segmental liver fat measurements in the same participant on the same scanner and between different scanners. An underestimation of whole-liver volume was observed between three non-reference scanners. Conclusion Hepatica™ produces accurate and precise whole-liver and Couinaud segment volume and liver tissue characteristic measurements. Measurements are consistent between trained technicians and experienced radiologists. Graphic abstract
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12

Andica, C., A. Hagiwara, M. Hori, M. Nakazawa, M. Goto, S. Koshino, K. Kamagata, K. K. Kumamaru, and S. Aoki. "Automated brain tissue and myelin volumetry based on quantitative MR imaging with various in-plane resolutions." Journal of Neuroradiology 45, no. 3 (May 2018): 164–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurad.2017.10.002.

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13

Ding, Zhaohua, Jana Preiningerova, Christopher J. Cannistraci, Timothy L. Vollmer, John C. Gore, and Adam W. Anderson. "Quantification of multiple sclerosis lesion load and brain tissue volumetry using multiparameter MRI: methodology and reproducibility." Magnetic Resonance Imaging 23, no. 3 (April 2005): 445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mri.2004.12.005.

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14

Sokol, PhD, D. MD, and D. Lahiri. "C-61 The Molecular Basis of Autism, Amyloid Precursor Protein, and its Relevance to Neuropsychology: Case Study and Neuropathology of Boy with Autism." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 34, no. 6 (July 25, 2019): 1090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acz034.223.

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Abstract Objective Andrew (pseudoname) a boy with severe autism, participated in autism research at Indiana University School of Medicine. Andrew suddenly died in his sleep and his family donated his brain for further study at our institution. This case sparks the proposed discussion of the latest molecular underpinnings of autism which have been localized to genetic abnormalities at the synapse and in gene expression (translation and transcription). These mechanisms contribute to macrocephaly and microcephaly which are overrepresented in autism. The broad objective of this discussion will be to associate the molecular underpinnings of autism to brain anatomy and neuropsychological function. The specific aim will be to report results of Andrew's available psychological testing, plasma amyloid precursor protein (APP) profile, MRI volumetry, and neuropathological findings. Our published reports of APP profiles in plasma and brain tissue also will be reviewed. Method Andrew was a 13 yr old boy with severe autism (CARS-60), medically refractory seizures, and intellectual deficiency (MSEL49). The patient showed significant regression in speech (400 words down to 2) from age 5 to 13. He died from a presumptive seizure. Results Andrew's MRI volumetry showed increased white matter, including the left temporal lobe; neuropathology was significant for enlarged brain with cortical dysplasia. APP profile showed increased sAPPalpha with low ABeta protein, similar to what we reported in plasma and brain tissue studies. Conclusions Andrew is among the 20% of children with autism with macrocephaly with white >gray matter. Molecular underpinnings in relation to this finding and to the neuropsychology of autism will be discussed.
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Frueh, Florian S., Laura Gassert, Claudia Scheuer, Andreas Müller, Peter Fries, Anne S. Boewe, Emmanuel Ampofo, Claudia E. Rübe, Michael D. Menger, and Matthias W. Laschke. "Adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments promote lymphangiogenesis in a murine lymphedema model." Journal of Tissue Engineering 13 (January 2022): 204173142211099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20417314221109957.

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Chronic lymphedema after cancer treatment is common and there is still no cure for this disease. We herein investigated the lymphangiogenic capacity of adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments (MVF), which contain stem cells and lymphatic vessel fragments. Secondary lymphedema was induced in the hindlimbs of C57BL/6J mice. Green fluorescence protein (GFP)+ MVF were isolated from transgenic C57BL/6Tg (CAG-EGFP)1Osb/J mice, suspended in collagen hydrogel, and injected in the lymphadenectomy defect of wild-type animals. This crossover model allowed the detection of MVF-derived blood and lymphatic vessels after transplantation. The MVF group was compared with animals receiving collagen hydrogel only or a sham intervention. Lymphangiogenic effects were analyzed using volumetry, magnetic resonance (MR) lymphography, histology, and immunohistochemistry. MVF injection resulted in reduced hindlimb volumes when compared to non-treated controls. MR lymphography revealed lymphatic regeneration with reduced dermal backflow after MVF treatment. Finally, MVF transplantation promoted popliteal angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis associated with a significantly increased microvessel and lymphatic vessel density. These findings indicate that MVF transplantation represents a promising approach to induce therapeutic lymphangiogenesis.
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Yang, Johnson Chia-Shen, Lien-Hung Huang, Shao-Chun Wu, Pao-Jen Kuo, Yi-Chan Wu, Chia-Jung Wu, Chia-Wei Lin, Pei-Yu Tsai, and Ching-Hua Hsieh. "Lymphaticovenous Anastomosis Supermicrosurgery Decreases Oxidative Stress and Increases Antioxidant Capacity in the Serum of Lymphedema Patients." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 7 (April 6, 2021): 1540. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10071540.

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Background: Excess lymphedematous tissue causes excessive oxidative stress in lymphedema. Lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA) supermicrosurgery is currently emerging as the first-line surgical intervention for lymphedema. No data are available regarding the changes in serum proteins correlating to oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity before and after LVA. Methods: A total of 26 patients with unilateral lower limb lymphedema confirmed by lymphoscintigraphy were recruited, and venous serum samples were collected before (pre-LVA) and after LVA (post-LVA). In 16 patients, the serum proteins were identified by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation-based quantitative proteomic analysis with subsequent validation of protein expression by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. An Oxidative Stress Panel Kit was used on an additional 10 patients. Magnetic resonance (MR) volumetry was used to measure t limb volume six months after LVA. Results: This study identified that catalase (CAT) was significantly downregulated after LVA (pre-LVA vs. post-LVA, 2651 ± 2101 vs. 1448 ± 593 ng/mL, respectively, p = 0.033). There were significantly higher levels of post-LVA serum total antioxidant capacity (pre-LVA vs. post-LVA, 441 ± 81 vs. 488 ± 59 µmole/L, respectively, p = 0.031) and glutathione peroxidase (pre-LVA vs. post-LVA, 73 ± 20 vs. 92 ± 29 U/g, respectively, p = 0.018) than pre-LVA serum. In addition, after LVA, there were significantly more differences between post-LVA and pre-LVA serum levels of CAT (good outcome vs. fair outcome, −2593 ± 2363 vs. 178 ± 603 ng/mL, respectively, p = 0.021) and peroxiredoxin-2 (PRDX2) (good outcome vs. fair outcome, −7782 ± 7347 vs. −397 ± 1235 pg/mL, respectively, p = 0.037) in those patients with good outcomes (≥40% volume reduction in MR volumetry) than those with fair outcomes (<40% volume reduction in MR volumetry). Conclusions: The study revealed that following LVA, differences in some specific oxidative stress markers and antioxidant capacity can be found in the serum of patients with lymphedema.
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Gloger, Oliver, Klaus Tonnies, Rene Laqua, and Henry Volzke. "Fully Automated Renal Tissue Volumetry in MR Volume Data Using Prior-Shape-Based Segmentation in Subject-Specific Probability Maps." IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 62, no. 10 (October 2015): 2338–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2015.2425935.

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van de Poll, Marcel C. G., Stephen J. Wigmore, Doris N. Redhead, Regina G. H. Beets-Tan, O. James Garden, Jan Willem M. Greve, Peter B. Soeters, Nicolaas E. P. Deutz, Kenneth C. H. Fearon, and Cornelis H. C. Dejong. "Effect of major liver resection on hepatic ureagenesis in humans." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 293, no. 5 (November 2007): G956—G962. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00366.2006.

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Changes in hepatic ureagenesis following major hepatectomy are not well characterized. We studied the relation between urea synthesis and liver mass before and after major hepatectomy in humans. Fifteen patients scheduled for resection of malignancies in otherwise healthy livers were studied. Pre- and postoperative liver volume was assessed by computerized tomography-volumetry. During surgery, a primed, continuous infusion of [13C]urea was administered intravenously, and arterial blood samples were obtained hourly. Indocyanine green clearance was determined before and after resection. Seven patients underwent major hepatectomy, and eight patients underwent minor [<5% functional liver volume (total volume − tumor volume)] or no resection, serving as controls. Resected functional liver volume in the major hepatectomy group averaged 60%. Urea synthesis per gram of functional liver tissue increased 2.6-fold following major hepatectomy, maintaining whole body urea synthesis. Arterial ammonia remained unchanged throughout the study, whereas following hepatectomy a hyperaminoacidemia occurred. In conclusion, immediately following major hepatectomy, urea synthesis per gram of functional liver tissue increases rapidly and proportionately to the amount of liver tissue resected, maintaining whole body urea synthesis at preoperative levels. This rapid and complete adaptation suggests that the capacity of urea synthesis is not limiting the maximum resectable volume in otherwise healthy livers.
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Lambert, Lukas, Matej Novak, Michaela Siklova, Eva Krauzova, Vladimir Stich, and Andrea Burgetova. "Hybrid and Model‐Based Iterative Reconstruction Influences the Volumetry of Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue on Ultra‐Low‐Dose CT." Obesity 28, no. 11 (September 14, 2020): 2083–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oby.22945.

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Alperin, Noam, James R. Loftus, Carlos J. Oliu, Ahmet M. Bagci, Sang H. Lee, Birgit Ertl-Wagner, Barth Green, and Raymond Sekula. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures of Posterior Cranial Fossa Morphology and Cerebrospinal Fluid Physiology in Chiari Malformation Type I." Neurosurgery 75, no. 5 (July 18, 2014): 515–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000000507.

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Abstract BACKGROUND: It has been well documented that, along with tonsillar herniation, Chiari Malformation Type I (CMI) is associated with smaller posterior cranial fossa (PCF) and altered cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow and tissue motion in the craniocervical junction. OBJECTIVE: This study assesses the relationship between PCF volumetry and CSF and tissue dynamics toward a combined imaging-based morphological-physiological characterization of CMI. Multivariate analysis is used to identify the subset of parameters that best discriminates CMI from a healthy cohort. METHODS: Eleven length and volumetric measures of PCF, including crowdedness and 4th ventricle volume, 4 measures of CSF and cord motion in the craniocervical junction, and 5 global intracranial measures, including intracranial compliance and pressure, were measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 36 symptomatic CMI subjects (28 female, 37 ± 11 years) and 37 control subjects (24 female, 36 ± 12 years). The CMI group was further divided based on symptomatology into “typical” and “atypical” subgroups. RESULTS: Ten of the 20 morphologic and physiologic measures were significantly different between the CMI and the control cohorts. These parameters also had less variability and stronger significance in the typical CMI compared with the atypical. The measures with the most significance were clival and supraocciput lengths, PCF crowdedness, normalized PCF volume, 4th ventricle volume, maximal cord displacement (P &lt; .001), and MR measure of intracranial pressure (P = .007). Multivariate testing identified cord displacement, PCF crowdedness, and normalized PCF as the strongest discriminator subset between CMI and controls. MR measure of intracranial pressure was higher in the typical CMI cohort compared with the atypical. CONCLUSION: The identified 10 complementing morphological and physiological measures provide a more complete and symptomatology-relevant characterization of CMI than tonsillar herniation alone.
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Sjöberg, Trygve, Eibert Einarsson, and Lars Norgren. "Functional Evaluation of Four Different Compression Stockings in Venous Insufficiency." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 2, no. 1 (March 1987): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026835558700200113.

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In this study the compression pressure on the leg from four different ‘compression stockings’ was evaluated. A simple device for the measurement was constructed and is described. The effect of the stockings on venous function was also studied by foot-volumetry. Each of the four types of stockings was evaluated in 22 patients, all with mild to moderate insufficiency of the superficial venous system in the leg. Venous emptying from the foot and leg was significantly increased with all four stockings but with no difference between the types. The pressure measurements performed below knee and over the soft tissue area behind the tibia did not reveal the expected graduated compression. The pressure behind the medial malleolus, i.e. the venous ulcer area, was lower with all four stockings than higher up in the leg, indicating insufficient compression in this area.
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Mosimann, Marc, Domenic Vital, David Holzmann, and Lorenz Epprecht. "Morbidity and Volumetric Progression in Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma in a Long-Term Follow-Up." Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base 79, no. 06 (April 9, 2018): 533–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1635255.

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Objective We compare the open and transnasal approaches for the excision of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibromas regarding the rate of morbidity, and residual tumor and its symptomatic recurrence over time. In addition, we present volumetric measurements of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibromas over time. Methods All surgically treated patients of our institution were reviewed back to 1969 for type of surgery, residual tumor by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based volumetry, recurrence, and morbidity. We performed a prospective clinical and radiological follow-up on reachable patients. Results In total, 40 patients were retrievable from our records. We were able to follow up on 13 patients after a mean of 15.7 years since surgery (range: 1–47 years). Patients operated by the open approach had a higher rate of postoperative complications and thus a higher morbidity than endoscopic patients (4/4 vs 3/9; p = 0.007), although tumor sizes were equal among groups (p = 0.12). Persisting tumor was noted in 3/4 and 4/9 (p = 0.56) patients, respectively. The corresponding mean volumes of residual tumors were 16.2 ± 14.4 cm3 and 10.8 ± 6.6 cm3 (p = 0.27). No progression could be noted in endoscopically treated patients (p = 0.24, mean time between scans 2 years). Conclusions Our analysis shows that the endoscopic approach results in less morbidity. The open approach does not guarantee freedom from persisting tumor tissue. Age seems to be a most important risk factor for the conversion of an asymptomatic persistence into a symptomatic recurrence.
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Regensburger, Martin, Laura Krumm, Manuel Alexander Schmidt, Andreas Schmid, Imke Tabea Spatz, Dominique Cornelius Marterstock, Christoph Kopp, et al. "Neurometabolic Dysfunction in SPG11 Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia." Nutrients 14, no. 22 (November 13, 2022): 4803. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14224803.

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Background: Pathogenic variants in SPG11 cause the most common autosomal recessive complicated hereditary spastic paraplegia. Besides the prototypical combination of spastic paraplegia with a thin corpus callosum, obesity has increasingly been reported in this multisystem neurodegenerative disease. However, a detailed analysis of the metabolic state is lacking. Methods: In order to characterize metabolic alterations, a cross-sectional analysis was performed comparing SPG11 patients (n = 16) and matched healthy controls (n = 16). We quantified anthropometric parameters, body composition as determined by bioimpedance spectroscopy, and serum metabolic biomarkers, and we measured hypothalamic volume by high-field MRI. Results: Compared to healthy controls, SPG11 patients exhibited profound changes in body composition, characterized by increased fat tissue index, decreased lean tissue index, and decreased muscle mass. The presence of lymphedema correlated with increased extracellular fluid. The serum levels of the adipokines leptin, resistin, and progranulin were significantly altered in SPG11 while adiponectin and C1q/TNF-related protein 3 (CTRP-3) were unchanged. MRI volumetry revealed a decreased hypothalamic volume in SPG11 patients. Conclusions: Body composition, adipokine levels, and hypothalamic volume are altered in SPG11. Our data indicate a link between obesity and hypothalamic neurodegeneration in SPG11 and imply that specific metabolic interventions may prevent obesity despite severely impaired mobility in SPG11.
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Kang, Sung-Jin. "Assessment of The Accuracy of The MR Abdominal Adipose Tissue Volumetry using 3D Gradient Dual Echo 2-Point DIXON Technique using CT as Reference." Journal of Magnetics 21, no. 4 (December 31, 2016): 603–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4283/jmag.2016.21.4.603.

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Saleah, Sm Abu, Daewoon Seong, Sangyeob Han, Ruchire Eranga Wijesinghe, Naresh Kumar Ravichandran, Mansik Jeon, and Jeehyun Kim. "Integrated Quad-Scanner Strategy-Based Optical Coherence Tomography for the Whole-Directional Volumetric Imaging of a Sample." Sensors 21, no. 4 (February 11, 2021): 1305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041305.

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Whole-directional scanning methodology is required to observe distinctive features of an entire physical structure with a three dimensional (3D) visualization. However, the implementation of whole-directional scanning is challenging for conventional optical coherence tomography (OCT), which scans a limited portion of the sample by utilizing unidirectional and bidirectional scanning methods. Therefore, in this paper an integrated quad-scanner (QS) strategy-based OCT method was implemented to obtain the whole-directional volumetry of a sample by employing four scanning arms installed around the sample. The simultaneous and sequential image acquisition capabilities are the conceptual key points of the proposed QS-OCT method, and were implemented using four precisely aligned scanning arms and applied in a complementary way according to the experimental criteria. To assess the feasibility of obtaining whole-directional morphological structures, a roll of Scotch tape, an ex vivo mouse heart, and kidney specimens were imaged and independently obtained tissue images at different directions were delicately merged to compose the 3D volume data set. The results revealed the potential merits of QS-OCT-based whole-directional imaging, which can be a favorable inspection method for various discoveries that require the dynamic coordinates of the whole physical structure.
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Zheng, Zuofeng, Jiafei Yang, Dongpo Zhang, Jun Ma, Hongxia Yin, and Zhenchang Wang. "Clinical Feasibility of Automated Brain Tissue and Myelin Volumetry of Normal Brian Using Synthetic Magnetic Resonance Imaging With Fast Imaging Protocol: A Single-Center Pilot Study." Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography 47, no. 1 (January 2023): 108–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/rct.0000000000001394.

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Myshencev, Pavel N., Sergey E. Katorkin, and Leonid A. Lichman. "A case of successful surgical treatment of a patient with lymphedema of lower limbs." I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald 26, no. 2 (July 20, 2018): 288–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.23888/pavlovj20182288-295.

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The importance of treatment of patients with lymphedema of lower limbs arises from difficulties in their medical and social rehabilitation. At the expressed stages of the disease resection surgical operations are indicated which present complicated interventions. In the work clinical observation of a 33 yearold female patient with IV stage of primary lymphedema of the right lower limb is presented. In the course of conservative treatment after a complex examination including volumetry, ultrasound, computed tomography, the patient was made dermalipofascioectomy using method of shave therapy. The operation of modified dermalipofascioectomy of the shin was performed by Karavanov II method under spinal anesthesia with use of mono and bipolar coagulation. At the stage of elimination of fibrotically changed tissue dermatome Acculan 3Ti (GA 670) was used with controlled ranges of thickness within 0.21.2 mm and width within 878 mm. Intraoperative loss of blood and lymph was 800 ml and was compensated for with crystalloid, colloid solutions and fresh frozen plasma in the volume of 600 ml. Active drainage of the region of the postoperative wound was conducted by Redon method within 1012 days. Postoperative period ran without complications, with improvement of the patient’s condition. Clinical observation showed a positive role of application of shave therapy apparatus at the main stage of resection operations.
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Myshencev, Pavel N., Sergey E. Katorkin, and Leonid A. Lichman. "A case of successful surgical treatment of a patient with lymphedema of lower limbs." I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald 26, no. 2 (July 20, 2018): 288–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.23888/pavlovj2018262288-295.

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The importance of treatment of patients with lymphedema of lower limbs arises from difficulties in their medical and social rehabilitation. At the expressed stages of the disease resection surgical operations are indicated which present complicated interventions. In the work clinical observation of a 33 yearold female patient with IV stage of primary lymphedema of the right lower limb is presented. In the course of conservative treatment after a complex examination including volumetry, ultrasound, computed tomography, the patient was made dermalipofascioectomy using method of shave therapy. The operation of modified dermalipofascioectomy of the shin was performed by Karavanov II method under spinal anesthesia with use of mono and bipolar coagulation. At the stage of elimination of fibrotically changed tissue dermatome Acculan 3Ti (GA 670) was used with controlled ranges of thickness within 0.21.2 mm and width within 878 mm. Intraoperative loss of blood and lymph was 800 ml and was compensated for with crystalloid, colloid solutions and fresh frozen plasma in the volume of 600 ml. Active drainage of the region of the postoperative wound was conducted by Redon method within 1012 days. Postoperative period ran without complications, with improvement of the patient’s condition. Clinical observation showed a positive role of application of shave therapy apparatus at the main stage of resection operations.
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Rogalski, E. J., C. M. Murphy, L. deToledo-Morrell, R. C. Shah, M. E. Moseley, R. Bammer, and G. T. Stebbins. "Changes in Parahippocampal White Matter Integrity in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study." Behavioural Neurology 21, no. 1-2 (2009): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/408037.

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In the present study, changes in the parahippocampal white matter (PWM), in the region that includes the perforant path, were investigated, in vivo, in 14 individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) compared to 14 elderly controls with no cognitive impairment (NCI). For this purpose, (1) volumetry; (2) diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) derived measures of mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA); and (3) tractography were used. In addition, regression models were utilized to examine the association of PWM measurements with memory decline. The results from this study confirm previous findings in our laboratory and others, showing that compared to controls, individuals with aMCI have PWM volume loss. In addition to volume reduction, participants with aMCI demonstrated a significant increase in MD, but no difference in FA, both in the PWM region and in fibers modeled to pass through the PWM region. Further, the DTI metric of MD was associated with declarative memory performance, suggesting it may be a sensitive marker for memory dysfunction. These results indicate that there is general tissue loss and degradation (decreased volume; increased MD) in individuals with aMCI compared to older people with normal cognitive function. However, the microstructural organization of remaining fibers, as determined by measures of anisotropic diffusion, is not significantly different from that of controls.
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Steiert, Christine, Sebastian Kuechlin, Waseem Masalha, Juergen Beck, Wolf Alexander Lagrèze, and Juergen Grauvogel. "Increased Orbital Muscle Fraction Diagnosed by Semi-Automatic Volumetry: A Risk Factor for Severe Visual Impairment with Excellent Response to Surgical Decompression in Graves’ Orbitopathy." Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, no. 6 (June 6, 2022): 937. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12060937.

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Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) leads to increased orbital tissue and causes symptoms such as exophthalmos, functional complaints, or dysthyroid optic neuropathy. Different GO types with fat and/or muscle enlargement were identified, and increased muscle appears to particularly influence visual status and treatment response. The current study examines visual parameters dependent on orbital muscle volume fraction in a surgically treated GO cohort. After volumetric analysis of the preoperative orbital content, 83 orbits in 47 patients were categorized into predefined groups (increased or not-increased muscle fraction). All cases underwent pterional orbital decompression, and pre- and postoperative visual status was retrospectively analyzed. Forty-one orbits revealed increased and 42 orbits revealed not-increased muscle volume (mean fraction 29.63% versus (vs.) 15.60%). The preoperative visual acuity (VA) was significantly lower in orbits with increased vs. not-increased muscle volume (mean VA 0.30 vs. 0.53, difference 2.5 lines). After surgery, mean VA improved significantly by 1.7 lines in orbits with increased muscle volume. Not preoperative, but postoperative exophthalmos was significantly lower in orbits with not-increased muscle volume. Increased orbital muscle is associated with significantly reduced VA, but can be remarkably improved by pterional orbital decompression. Therefore, surgical therapy should be considered particularly in decreased VA with orbital muscle enlargement.
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Mándli, Tamás, János Fazakas, Gábor Ther, Mónika Árkosy, Balázs Füle, Endre Németh, Judit Fazakas, Márta Hidvégi, and Szabolcs Tóth. "Evaluation of liver function before living donor liver transplantation and liver resection." Orvosi Hetilap 149, no. 17 (April 2008): 779–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2008.28316.

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Liver resection is the curative therapeutic option for hepatocellular carcinoma, biliary tumors, metastases of colorectal and other extrahepatic tumors, living donor liver transplantation and other benign liver diseases. Aim of study: To summarize the evaluation methods of liver function before living donor liver transplantation and liver resection. Method: We summarize the literature about the evaluation of liver function. Results: Perioperative mortality is determined mostly by the extent of preoperative evaluation focused on the liver. After resection the remnant liver parenchyma must cope with the challenge caused by increased metabolism, portal overflow, decreased vascular bed and biliary tract and oxidative stress following the operation. If the remnant liver is unable to grow up to this challenge, acute liver failure occurs. This maintains the necessity of determining the hepatic functional reserve and the hepatic remnant volume. Child–Pugh classification is widely spread to predict outcome. Dynamic functional tests such as indocyanin green retention test, galactosyl human serum albumin scintigraphy and aminopyrin breath tests can be used to evaluate hepatic reserve. To determine remnant liver volume modern imaging processes such as CT volumetry and hepatobiliary scintigraphy are available. Conclusion: After the detailed evaluation resection can be limited to an extent which is oncologically radical enough (1% remnant liver tissue/kg) and spares parenchyma which can ensure survival yet. With careful preoperative examination mortality can be reduced even to reach zero.
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Kranzbühler, B., O. Gross, C. D. Fankhauser, M. S. Wettstein, N. Grossmann, L. J. Hefermehl, C. Poyet, et al. "637 Extent of tissue ablation following pure transurethral bipolar plasma vaporization compared to monopolar resection of the prostate: 12 months-results of a transrectal three-dimensional ultrasound volumetry study." European Urology Supplements 12, no. 1 (March 2013): e637-e638. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1569-9056(13)61120-3.

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Hermanns, T., O. Gross, L. J. Hefermehl, C. Poyet, R. Largo, M. S. Michel, D. Eberli, et al. "449 THE EFFICIENCY OF TISSUE ABLATION OF LITHIUM TRIBORATE LASER VAPORISATION AND CONVENTIONAL TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF THE PROSTATE: 12-MONTHS-RESULTS OF A TRANSRECTAL THREE-DIMENSIONAL ULTRASOUND VOLUMETRY STUDY." European Urology Supplements 10, no. 2 (March 2011): 153–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1569-9056(11)60440-5.

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Kaufmann, David, Johannes C. Lauscher, Jörn Gröne, Gerrit zur Hausen, Martin E. Kreis, Bernd Hamm, and Stefan M. Niehues. "CT-based measurement of the inner pelvic volume." Acta Radiologica 58, no. 2 (July 19, 2016): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0284185116637248.

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Background Surgery in the lesser pelvis is associated with a high complication rate as surgeons are spatially limited by solid anatomic structures and soft tissue borders. So far, only two-dimensional (2D) parameters have been used for risk stratification. Purpose To precisely measure the inner pelvic volume a computed tomography (CT)-based three-dimensional (3D) approach was established and compared to approximations by 2D parameter combinations. Material and Methods Thin-layered multi-slice CT datasets were used retrospectively for slice by slice depiction of the inner pelvic surface. The inner pelvic volume was then automatically compounded. Combinations of two to four 2D dimensions determined in 3D volume rendered reconstructions were correlated with the inner pelvic volume. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and Chi square test were used for statistical calculations. Significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results In total 142 patients (91 men, 51 women) aged 64.8 ± 10.6 years at surgery were included in the study. Mean calculated pelvic volume was 1031.13 ± 180.06 cm3 (men, 996.57 ± 172.43 cm3; women, 1093.34 ± 178.39 cm3). Best approximations were obtained by combination of the 2D measurements transverse inlet and pelvic height for men (r = 0.799, P < 0.05) as well as transverse inlet, obstetric conjugate, interspinous distance and pelvic depth for women (r = 0.855, P < 0.05). Conclusion We describe a precise and reproducible CT-based method for pelvic volumetry. A less time consuming but still reliable approximation can be achieved by combination of two to four 2D dimensions.
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Bender, Michael, Carolin Gramsch, Lukas Herrmann, Seong Woong Kim, Eberhard Uhl, and Karsten Schöller. "Implementation of Transforaminal Endoscopic Lumbar Sequestrectomy in a German University Hospital Setting: A Long and Rocky Road." Journal of Neurological Surgery Part A: Central European Neurosurgery 81, no. 01 (August 29, 2019): 017–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1694040.

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Abstract Objective Microsurgical diskectomy/sequestrectomy is the standard procedure for the surgical treatment of lumbar disk herniations. The transforaminal endoscopic sequestrectomy technique is a minimally invasive alternative with potential advantages such as minimal blood loss and tissue damage, as well as early mobilization of the patient. We report the implementation of this technique in a German university hospital setting. Methods One single surgeon performed transforaminal endoscopic sequestrectomy from February 2013 to July 2016 for lumbar disk herniation in 44 patients. Demographic as well as perioperative, clinical, and radiologic data were analyzed from electronic records. Furthermore, we investigated complications, intraoperative change of the procedure to microsurgery, and reoperations. The postoperative course was analyzed using the Macnab criteria, supplemented by a questionnaire for follow-up. Pre- and postoperative magnetic resonance imaging volumetric analyses were performed to assess the radiologic efficacy of the technique. Results Our study population had a median age of 52 years. The median follow-up was 15 months, and the median length of hospital stay was 4 days. Median duration of surgery was 100 minutes with a median blood loss of 50 mL. Surgery was most commonly performed at the L4–L5 level (63%) and in caudally migrated disk herniations (44%). In six patients, surgery was performed for recurrent disk herniations. The procedure had to be changed to conventional microsurgery in four patients. We observed no major complications. Minor complications occurred in six patients, and in four patients a reoperation was performed. Furthermore, a significantly lower Oswestry Disability Index score (p = 0.03), a lower Short Form 8 Health Survey (SF-8) score (p = 0.001), a lower visual analog scale (VAS) lower back pain score (p = 0.03) and VAS leg pain score (p = 0.0008) at the 12-month follow-up were observed in comparison with the preoperative examination. In MRI volumetry, we detected a median postoperative volume reduction of the disk herniation of 57.1% (p = 0.02). Conclusions The transforaminal endoscopic sequestrectomy can be safely implemented in a university hospital setting in selected patients with primary and recurrent lumbar disk herniations, and it leads to good clinical and radiologic results. However, learning curve, caseload, and residents' microsurgical training requirements clearly affect the implementation process.
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Bagley, Stephen, Seyed Nabavizadeh, Jazmine Mays, Jacob Till, Stephanie Yee, Jeffrey Ware, Samantha Guiry, et al. "PATH-49. CLINICAL UTILITY OF PLASMA CELL-FREE DNA IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSED GLIOBLASTOMA – A PILOT PROSPECTIVE STUDY." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (November 2019): vi154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.645.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Liquid biopsy has been not been widely utilized in patients with glioblastoma (GBM) compared to other solid tumors. However, the clinical utility of plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in GBM has not been assessed prospectively or at the time of initial diagnosis. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study of patients with newly diagnosed GBM. Whole blood was collected in Streck® tubes at baseline prior to initial surgical resection and longitudinally during the course of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Plasma cfDNA concentration (ng/mL) was quantified by qPCR for a 115 bp amplicon of the human ALU repeat element, correlated with radiographic tumor burden by volumetry at multiple time points using Spearman rank correlation, and assessed for its impact on progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) by Cox regression. RESULTS Prior to initial resection, GBM patients (N=42) had higher plasma cfDNA concentration compared to age-matched healthy controls (N=42) (mean 13.43 vs. 6.70 ng/mL, p< 0.001). Plasma cfDNA concentration was correlated with radiographic tumor burden on subjects’ first post-radiation MRI scan (r=0.77, p=0.003) and tended to rise prior to or concurrently with radiographic tumor progression. Pre-operative plasma cfDNA concentration above the mean (>13.4 ng/mL) was associated with inferior PFS (median 4.9 vs. 9.5 months, p=0.038) and OS (median 8.9 vs. 14.8 months, p=0.078). The impact on PFS persisted after adjusting for age, extent of resection, performance status, MGMT promoter methylation, and IDH1/2 mutational status (HR 2.48, 95% CI 1.1–6.1, p=0.046). CONCLUSIONS Plasma cfDNA may be an effective prognostic tool and noninvasive surrogate of tumor burden in newly diagnosed GBM. Tumor tissue samples from our cohort have been subjected to targeted next generation sequencing (NGS), and baseline plasma samples have been sent to Guardant Health for NGS. Plasma NGS results and concordance with matched tissue NGS will be included at time of presentation.
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Kranzbühler, B., O. Gross, C. Fankhauser, M. Wettstein, N. Grossmann, E. Keller, D. Eberli, T. Sulser, C. Poyet, and T. Hermanns. "Inferior tissue ablation after 120W greenlight laser vaporization does not result into inferior clinical outcome compared to conventional TURP: Update of a prospective 3D ultrasound volumetry study after 5 years." European Urology Supplements 18, no. 1 (March 2019): e1922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1569-9056(19)31393-4.

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Loane, Clare, Georgios P. D. Argyropoulos, Adriana Roca-Fernández, Carmen Lage, Fintan Sheerin, Samrah Ahmed, Giovanna Zamboni, Clare Mackay, Sarosh R. Irani, and Christopher R. Butler. "Hippocampal network abnormalities explain amnesia after VGKCC-Ab related autoimmune limbic encephalitis." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 90, no. 9 (May 9, 2019): 965–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2018-320168.

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ObjectiveLimbic encephalitis associated with antibodies to components of the voltage-gated potassium channel complex (VGKCC-Ab-LE) often leads to hippocampal atrophy and persistent memory impairment. Its long-term impact on regions beyond the hippocampus, and the relationship between brain damage and cognitive outcome, are poorly understood. We investigated the nature of structural and functional brain abnormalities following VGKCC-Ab-LE and its role in residual memory impairment.MethodA cross-sectional group study was conducted. Twenty-four VGKCC-Ab-LE patients (20 male, 4 female; mean (SD) age 63.86 (11.31) years) were recruited post-acutely along with age- and sex-matched healthy controls for neuropsychological assessment, structural MRI and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). Structural abnormalities were determined using volumetry and voxel-based morphometry; rs-fMRI data were analysed to investigate hippocampal functional connectivity (FC). Associations of memory performance with neuroimaging measures were examined.ResultsPatients showed selective memory impairment. Structural analyses revealed focal hippocampal atrophy within the medial temporal lobes, correlative atrophy in the mediodorsal thalamus, and additional volume reduction in the posteromedial cortex. There was no association between regional volumes and memory performance. Instead, patients demonstrated reduced posteromedial cortico-hippocampal and inter-hippocampal FC, which correlated with memory scores (r = 0.553; r = 0.582, respectively). The latter declined as a function of time since the acute illness (r = -0.531).ConclusionVGKCC-Ab-LE results in persistent isolated memory impairment. Patients have hippocampal atrophy with further reduced mediodorsal thalamic and posteromedial cortical volumes. Crucially, reduced FC of remaining hippocampal tissue correlates more closely with memory function than does regional atrophy.
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Kaiser, H. J., B. Gagel, C. Boy, W. M. Schaefer, U. Buell, M. Zimny, and T. Krohn. "3D volume and SUV analysis of oncological PET studies." Nuklearmedizin 46, no. 04 (2007): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/nukmed-0052.

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Summary Aim: The standardized uptake value (SUV) of 18FDG-PET is an important parameter for therapy monitoring and prognosis of malignant lesions. SUV determination requires delineating the respective volume of interest against surrounding tissue. The present study proposes an automatic image segmentation algorithm for lesion volume and FDG uptake quantitation. Methods: A region growing-based algorithm was developed, which goes through the following steps: 1. Definition of a starting point by the user. 2. Automatic determination of maximum uptake within the lesion. 3. Calculating a threshold value as percentage of maximum. 4. Automatic 3D lesion segmentation. 5. Quantitation of lesion volume and SUV. The procedure was developed using CTI CAPP and ECAT 7.2 software. Validation was done by phatom studies (Jaszczak phantom, various “lesion” sizes and contrasts) and on studies of NSCLC patients, who underwent clinical CT and FDG-PET scanning. Results: Phantom studies demonstrated a mean error of 3.5% for volume quantification using a threshold of 41% for contrast ratios ≥5 : 1 and sphere volumes >5 ml. Comparison between CT- and PET-based volumetry showed a high correlation of both methods (r = 0.98) for lesions with homogeneous FDG uptake. Radioactivity concentrations were underestimated by on average .41%. Employing an empirical threshold of 50% for SUV determination, the underestimation decreased to on average .34%. Conclusions: The algorithm facilitates an easy and reproducible SUV quantification and volume assessment of PET lesions in clinical practice. It was validated using NSCLC patient data and should also be applicable to other tumour entities.
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Ashurko, I. P., S. V. Tarasenko, A. V. Esayan, and A. I. Galyas. "3D volumetric analysis at implant sites after soft tissue augmentation." Medical alphabet, no. 7 (April 28, 2022): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2022-7-79-84.

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Background. The role of soft tissues in the survival of dental implants remains one of the most discussed problem of the modern dentistry. Two main parameters such as the width of the keratinized gingiva and thickness of the peri-implant tissues are known to play an important role in the stability of the dental implants. Soft tissues thickness is necessary to achieve an aesthetic long-term stable result. Different methods for increasing soft tissue thickness are described in the literature.Materials and methods. Study included 30 patients with insufficient peri-implant soft tissue thickness. All patients underwent buccal soft tissue thickness augmentation by two different methods: collagen matrix (1 group) and free connective tissue graft (2 group). In the study we evaluated the amount of soft tissue thickness gain by using volumetric 3D- analysis.Results. The amount of soft tissue thickness before surgery was 1,63±0,7 mm in the 1 group, 1,61±0,7 mm in the 2 group. Three months after surgery the amount of soft tissue gain was 1,18±0,11 mm in the 1 group, 1,55 ±0,11 mm in the 2 group.Conclusion. The use of a free connective tissue graft as well as a collagen matrix is an effective method for increasing the thickness of soft tissues in the peri-implant area.
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Boyadzhieva, Vladimira, and Nikolay Stoilov. "Methods for assessment of microcirculation." Revmatologiia (Bulgaria) 29, no. 1 (May 29, 2021): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.35465/29.1.2021.pp73-84.

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To date, many methods have entered rheumatological practice in order to evaluate more accurately the microcirculation. Most of them are non-invasive or minimally invasive, easily accessible, providing different information depending on the specifics of the study. Over the years, some of them (such as chromametry and volumetry) have lost their routine application and have acquired rather historical significance, while others have become an integral part of the rheumatological armentarium. An example of this is video capillaroscopy, which, through its dynamic development over the last 20 years, has evolved in the knowledge of changes in microcirculation in systemic sclerosis, as well as in other systemic connective tissue diseases. The expansion of knowledge in this area has led to the updating of the classification criteria for systemic sclerosis, allowing the addition of capillaroscopic changes as recognized by the European League against Rheumatism (EULAR). Another important indication for performing video capillaroscopy is the differentiation of primary from secondary Raynaud's phenomenon. Laser Doppler perfusion imaging is also used to detect secondary Raynaud's phenomenon in order to distinguish whether reduced blood flow is due to systemic autoimmune disease. Thermography also has a helpful role in diagnosing Raynaud's phenomenon, but unlike the other two methods, it has a much more limited application due to the lack of discriminative ability to distinguish nutritional from thermoregulatory blood flow, which leads to erroneous conclusions in pathological conditions. Venous occlusive plethysmography is one of the "gold standards" in the assessment of vascular function in health and disease and is an accurate, reproducible and convenient method to assess the effect of new vasoactive drugs. However, its application in everyday rheumatological practice is quite limited.
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Kennaway, Richard, and Enrico Coen. "Volumetric finite-element modelling of biological growth." Open Biology 9, no. 5 (May 2019): 190057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.190057.

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Differential growth is the driver of tissue morphogenesis in plants, and also plays a fundamental role in animal development. Although the contributions of growth to shape change have been captured through modelling tissue sheets or isotropic volumes, a framework for modelling both isotropic and anisotropic volumetric growth in three dimensions over large changes in size and shape has been lacking. Here, we describe an approach based on finite-element modelling of continuous volumetric structures, and apply it to a range of forms and growth patterns, providing mathematical validation for examples that admit analytic solution. We show that a major difference between sheet and bulk tissues is that the growth of bulk tissue is more constrained, reducing the possibility of tissue conflict resolution through deformations such as buckling. Tissue sheets or cylinders may be generated from bulk shapes through anisotropic specified growth, oriented by a polarity field. A second polarity field, orthogonal to the first, allows sheets with varying lengths and widths to be generated, as illustrated by the wide range of leaf shapes observed in nature. The framework we describe thus provides a key tool for developing hypotheses for plant morphogenesis and is also applicable to other tissues that deform through differential growth or contraction.
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Huang, Chun-Wei, Tsung-Han Wu, Heng-Yuan Hsu, Kuang-Tse Pan, Chao-Wei Lee, Sio-Wai Chong, Song-Fong Huang, Sey-En Lin, Ming-Chin Yu, and Shen-Ming Chen. "Reappraisal of the Role of Alkaline Phosphatase in Hepatocellular Carcinoma." Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, no. 4 (March 23, 2022): 518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12040518.

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Background: Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a marker of liver function and is associated with biliary tract disease. It was reported as a prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The genetic expression in tumor-tissue microarrays and the perioperative serologic changes in ALP have never been studied for their correlation with HCC prognosis. Methods: The genetic expression of ALP isoforms (placental (ALPP), intestinal (ALPI) and bone/kidney/liver (ALPL)) was analyzed in tumor and non-cancerous areas in 38 patients with HCC after partial hepatectomy. The perioperative change in ALP was further analyzed in a cohort containing 525 patients with HCC to correlate it with oncologic outcomes. A total of 43 HCC patients were enrolled for a volumetry study after major and minor hepatectomy. Results: The genetic expression of the bone/kidney/liver isoform was specifically and significantly higher in non-cancerous areas than in tumors. Patients with HCC with a higher ALP (>81 U/dL) had significantly more major hepatectomies, vascular invasion, and recurrence. Cox regression analysis showed that gender, major hepatectomies, the presence of satellite lesions, higher grades (III or IV) and perioperative changes in liver function tests were independent prognostic factors for recurrence-free survival, and a postoperative increase in the ALP ratio at postoperative day (POD) 7 vs. POD 0 > 1.46 should be emphasized. A liver regeneration rate more than 1.8 and correlation analysis revealed that the ALP level at POD 7 and 30 was significantly higher and correlated with remnant liver growth. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the perioperative ALP change was an independent prognostic factor for HCC after partial hepatectomies, and the elevation of ALP represented a functional biomarker for the liver but not an HCC biomarker. The higher regeneration capacity was possibly associated with the elevation of ALP after operation.
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Wei, Mian, Lingyan Shi, Yihui Shen, Zhilun Zhao, Asja Guzman, Laura J. Kaufman, Lu Wei, and Wei Min. "Volumetric chemical imaging by clearing-enhanced stimulated Raman scattering microscopy." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 14 (March 14, 2019): 6608–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1813044116.

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Three-dimensional visualization of tissue structures using optical microscopy facilitates the understanding of biological functions. However, optical microscopy is limited in tissue penetration due to severe light scattering. Recently, a series of tissue-clearing techniques have emerged to allow significant depth-extension for fluorescence imaging. Inspired by these advances, we develop a volumetric chemical imaging technique that couples Raman-tailored tissue-clearing with stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy. Compared with the standard SRS, the clearing-enhanced SRS achieves greater than 10-times depth increase. Based on the extracted spatial distribution of proteins and lipids, our method reveals intricate 3D organizations of tumor spheroids, mouse brain tissues, and tumor xenografts. We further develop volumetric phasor analysis of multispectral SRS images for chemically specific clustering and segmentation in 3D. Moreover, going beyond the conventional label-free paradigm, we demonstrate metabolic volumetric chemical imaging, which allows us to simultaneously map out metabolic activities of protein and lipid synthesis in glioblastoma. Together, these results support volumetric chemical imaging as a valuable tool for elucidating comprehensive 3D structures, compositions, and functions in diverse biological contexts, complementing the prevailing volumetric fluorescence microscopy.
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45

Bove, Mary, Annalisa Carlucci, Giovanni Natale, Chiara Freda, Antonio Noro, Vincenzo Ferrara, Giorgia Opromolla, et al. "Tissue Engineering in Musculoskeletal Tissue: A Review of the Literature." Surgeries 2, no. 1 (January 28, 2021): 58–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/surgeries2010005.

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Tissue engineering refers to the attempt to create functional human tissue from cells in a laboratory. This is a field that uses living cells, biocompatible materials, suitable biochemical and physical factors, and their combinations to create tissue-like structures. To date, no tissue engineered skeletal muscle implants have been developed for clinical use, but they may represent a valid alternative for the treatment of volumetric muscle loss in the near future. Herein, we reviewed the literature and showed different techniques to produce synthetic tissues with the same architectural, structural and functional properties as native tissues.
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46

Brindle, James M., A. Alexandre Trindade, Jose C. Pichardo, Scott L. Myers, Amish P. Shah, and Wesley E. Bolch. "CT volumetry of the skeletal tissues." Medical Physics 33, no. 10 (September 25, 2006): 3796–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2337272.

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47

Gross, Moritz, Michael Spektor, Ariel Jaffe, Ahmet S. Kucukkaya, Simon Iseke, Stefan P. Haider, Mario Strazzabosco, Julius Chapiro, and John A. Onofrey. "Improved performance and consistency of deep learning 3D liver segmentation with heterogeneous cancer stages in magnetic resonance imaging." PLOS ONE 16, no. 12 (December 1, 2021): e0260630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260630.

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Purpose Accurate liver segmentation is key for volumetry assessment to guide treatment decisions. Moreover, it is an important pre-processing step for cancer detection algorithms. Liver segmentation can be especially challenging in patients with cancer-related tissue changes and shape deformation. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of state-of-the-art deep learning 3D liver segmentation algorithms to generalize across all different Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) liver cancer stages. Methods This retrospective study, included patients from an institutional database that had arterial-phase T1-weighted magnetic resonance images with corresponding manual liver segmentations. The data was split into 70/15/15% for training/validation/testing each proportionally equal across BCLC stages. Two 3D convolutional neural networks were trained using identical U-net-derived architectures with equal sized training datasets: one spanning all BCLC stages (“All-Stage-Net": AS-Net), and one limited to early and intermediate BCLC stages (“Early-Intermediate-Stage-Net": EIS-Net). Segmentation accuracy was evaluated by the Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) on a dataset spanning all BCLC stages and a Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for pairwise comparisons. Results 219 subjects met the inclusion criteria (170 males, 49 females, 62.8±9.1 years) from all BCLC stages. Both networks were trained using 129 subjects: AS-Net training comprised 19, 74, 18, 8, and 10 BCLC 0, A, B, C, and D patients, respectively; EIS-Net training comprised 21, 86, and 22 BCLC 0, A, and B patients, respectively. DSCs (mean±SD) were 0.954±0.018 and 0.946±0.032 for AS-Net and EIS-Net (p<0.001), respectively. The AS-Net 0.956±0.014 significantly outperformed the EIS-Net 0.941±0.038 on advanced BCLC stages (p<0.001) and yielded similarly good segmentation performance on early and intermediate stages (AS-Net: 0.952±0.021; EIS-Net: 0.949±0.027; p = 0.107). Conclusion To ensure robust segmentation performance across cancer stages that is independent of liver shape deformation and tumor burden, it is critical to train deep learning models on heterogeneous imaging data spanning all BCLC stages.
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Ikonomidis, John S., Jennifer W. Hendrick, Andrea M. Parkhurst, Amanda R. Herron, Patricia G. Escobar, Kathryn B. Dowdy, Robert E. Stroud, Elizabeth Hapke, Michael R. Zile, and Francis G. Spinale. "Accelerated LV remodeling after myocardial infarction in TIMP-1-deficient mice: effects of exogenous MMP inhibition." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 288, no. 1 (January 2005): H149—H158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00370.2004.

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Alterations in matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) have been implicated in adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI). However, the direct mechanistic role of TIMPs in the post-MI remodeling process has not been completely established. The goal of this project was to define the effects of altering endogenous MMP inhibitory control through combined genetic and pharmacological approaches on post-MI remodeling in mice. This study examined the effects of MMP inhibition (MMPi) with PD-166793 (30 mg·kg−1·day−1) on LV geometry and function (conductance volumetry) after MI in wild-type (WT) mice and mice deficient in the TIMP-1 gene [TIMP-1 knockout (TIMP1-KO)]. At 3 days after MI (coronary ligation), mice were randomized into four groups: WT-MI/MMPi ( n = 10), TIMP1-KO-MI/MMPi ( n = 10), WT-MI ( n = 22), and TIMP1-KO-MI ( n = 23). LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) and ejection fraction were determined 14 days after MI. Age-matched WT ( n = 20) and TIMP1-KO ( n = 28) mice served as reference controls. LVEDV was similar under control conditions in WT and TIMP1-KO mice (36 ± 2 and 40 ± 2 μl, respectively) but was greater in TIMP1-KO-MI than in WT-MI mice (48 ± 2 vs. 61 ± 5 μl, P < 0.05). LVEDV was reduced from MI-only values in WT-MI/MMPi and TIMP1-KO-MI/MMPi mice (42 ± 2 and 36 ± 2 μl, respectively, P < 0.05) but was reduced to the greatest degree in TIMP1-KO mice ( P < 0.05). LV ejection fraction was reduced in both groups after MI and increased in TIMP1-KO-MI/MMPi, but not in WT-MI/MMPi, mice. These unique results demonstrated that myocardial TIMP-1 plays a regulatory role in post-MI remodeling and that the accelerated myocardial remodeling induced by TIMP-1 gene deletion can be pharmacologically “rescued” by MMP inhibition. These results define the importance of local endogenous control of MMP activity with respect to regulating LV structure and function after MI.
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Martínez-Reina, Javier, Javier García-Rodríguez, Juan Mora-Macías, Jaime Domínguez, and Esther Reina-Romo. "Comparison of the volumetric composition of lamellar bone and the woven bone of calluses." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 232, no. 7 (July 2018): 682–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954411918784085.

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Woven tissue is mainly present in the bone callus, formed very rapidly either after a fracture or in distraction processes. This high formation speed is probably responsible for its disorganized microstructure and this, in turn, for its low stiffness. Nonetheless, the singular volumetric composition of this tissue may also play a key role in its mechanical properties. The volumetric composition of woven tissue extracted from the bone transport callus of sheep was investigated and compared with that of the lamellar tissue extracted from the cortical shell of the same bone. Significant differences were found in the mineral and water contents, but they can be due to the different ages of both tissues, which affects the mineral/water ratio. However, the content in organic phase remains more or less constant throughout the mineralization process and has proven to be a good variable to measure the different composition of both tissues, being that content significantly higher in woven tissue. This may be linked to the abnormally high concentration of osteocytes in this tissue, which is likely a consequence of the more abundant presence of osteoblasts secreting osteoid and burying other osteoblasts, which then differentiate into osteocytes. This would explain the high formation rate of woven tissue, useful to recover the short-term stability of the bone. Nonetheless, the more abundant presence of organic phase prevents the woven tissue from reaching a stiffness similar to that of lamellar tissue in the long term, when it is fully mineralized.
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Žeromskas, Paulius, Algimantas Bubnys, and Kęstutis Strupas. "Nauja skydliaukės masės ir tūrio matavimo ultragarsu metodika." Lietuvos chirurgija 1, no. 2 (January 1, 2003): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lietchirur.2003.2.2415.

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Paulius Žeromskas, Algimantas Bubnys, Kęstutis StrupasVilniaus universiteto Pilvo chirurgijos centras,Santariškių g. 2, LT-2021 VilniusEl paštas: paulius_zeromskas@delfi.lt Įvadas / tikslas Vilniaus universiteto Pilvo chirurgijos klinikoje parengta nauja skydliaukės masės ir tūrio matavimo metodika, pritaikoma įprastinei ultragarsinei įrangai. Metodai Metodika buvo paruošta ultragarsu (pagal pasiūlytus principus) prieš operaciją išmatavus ir po operacijos pasvėrus bei tūrį išmatavus 187 skydliaukės skilčių ir 88 sąsmaukų. Rezultatai / išvados Tirdami nustatėme, kad 1 g skydliaukės audinio tūris yra 0,958 ml ir šis skirtumas yra statistiškai patikimas. Todėl tūris ir masė turi būti skaičiuojami atskirai. Naujai metodikai parengtos skilčių ir sąsmaukos masės bei tūrio skaičiavimo formulės: Vsąs = 0,991 x A x B x C, Msąs = 1,051 x A x B x C,Vsk = 0,49 x A x B x C , Msk = 0,508 x A x B x C; čia: Vsk – skilties tūris, Msk – skilties masė, Vsąs – sąsmaukos tūris, Msąs – sasmaukos masė, A – skilties (ar sąsmaukos) aukštis, B – skilties (ar sąsmaukos) plotis, C – skilties (ar sąsmaukos ) storis. Skydliaukės tūris (masė) lygus abiejų skilčių ir sąsmaukos tūrių (masių) sumai. Metodikos tikslumą nustatėme palyginę prieš operaciją ultragarsu išmatuotą skydliaukės masę ir tūrį su pašalintos skydliaukės mase ir tūriu. Koreliacijos koeficientas buvo r = 0,97 (n = 71). Metodika parengta įprastinei ultragarsinei įrangai. Prasminiai žodžiai: endokrinologija, skydliaukės masė, skydliaukės tūris, tiroidektomija, voliumetrija. A new method of thyroid gland volume measurement by ultrasound in vivo Paulius Žeromskas, Algimantas Bubnys, Kęstutis Strupas Background / objective A new method of thyroid gland volume and mass measurement by ultrasound was elaborated at the Clinic of Abdominal Surgery of Vilnius University. Methods The method was proposed after ultrasonic pre-operative measurement (by our approach) and post-operative weighing and volume measurement of 187 thyroid lobes and 88 isthmuses. Results / conclusions We found that the volume of 1g of thyroid gland tissue is 0.958 ml and the difference is statistically significant. Thus, thyroid mass and volume must be calculated separately. To measure the size of the thyroid gland according to the new method, the following mathematical formulas are suggested: Vist = 0.991 × A × B × C, Mist = 1.051× A × B × C,Vlob = 0.49 × A × B × C, Mlob = 0.508 × A × B × C, where Vist is the isthmus volume, Mist is the isthmus weight, Vlob is the lobe volume, Mlob is the lobe weight, A is lobe (or isthmus) length, B is lobe (or isthmus) width, C is lobe (or isthmus) depth. The volume (or mass) of the thyroid gland is the sum ultrasonically determined volumes (or masses) of the both lobes and the isthmus. The accuracy of the method has been ascertained by comparing the ultrasonically determined volume (and weight) with the volume (and weight) of the same gland removed surgically. The correlation coefficient was r=0.97 (n=71). The method is adapted to ordinary ultrasound equipment. Keywords: endocrinology, thyroid gland mass, thyroid gland tissue volume, thyroidectomy, volumetry
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