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Academic literature on the topic 'Tissu adipeux – Régénération (biologie)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Tissu adipeux – Régénération (biologie)"
Mathieu, Maxime, Amandine Girousse, and Coralie Sengenès. "Et si l’origine des progéniteurs fibro-adipeux contribuait à leur hétérogénéité dans le muscle ?" médecine/sciences 39 (November 2023): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2023129.
Full textNOUGUÈS, J., Y. REYNE, A. VÉZINHET, Odette FRECCERO, Thérèse CHERY, Josette SORIANO, and E. BOUTHIER. "Régénération du tissu adipeux après lipectomie chez des lapins âgés de 6 et 12 mois." Reproduction Nutrition Développement 25, no. 1B (1985): 215–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rnd:19850210.
Full textMarcelin, Geneviève, and Karine Clément. "La fibrose du tissu adipeux." médecine/sciences 34, no. 5 (May 2018): 424–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/20183405015.
Full textHan, Yisheng, Yiyong Wei, Shuseng Wang, and Yang Song. "Régénération cartilagineuse utilisant des cellules souches du tissu adipeux et des microsphères hybrides à libération contrôlée." Revue du Rhumatisme 77, no. 1 (January 2010): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rhum.2009.11.004.
Full textDani, Christian, and Louis Casteilla. "Le tissu adipeux : Monsieur Hyde Obésité et Docteur Jekyll Médecine régénérative." médecine/sciences 22, no. 11 (November 2006): 928–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/20062211928.
Full textBouzida, Mounia, Ahlam Bassir, Bouchra Fakhir, Karam Harou, Lahcen Boukhanni, Abderrahim Aboulfalah, Hamid Asmouki, and Abderraouf Soummani. "FASCIITE NECROSANTE DE LA PAROI ABDOMINALE POST-CESARIENNE." International Journal of Advanced Research 12, no. 01 (January 31, 2024): 1078–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/18226.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Tissu adipeux – Régénération (biologie)"
Monsarrat, Paul. "Cellules souches, médecine régénérative et régénération parodontale." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30031/document.
Full textThe first part of this work introduces a new concept of analysis of clinical trial records and the dynamics of their evolution, both thematic and temporal. This concept has been applied to regenerative medicine, showing the lack of correlation between the source of stem cells and the fields of application. The stomatognathic diseases are few involved in clinical trials for stem cells therapy. Yet periodontitis, immuno-infectious diseases responsible for the destruction of the tooth supporting tissues, are a major public health issue. While the authors agree on the responsibility of the immune and microbial ecology in the pathophysiology of the disease, the reasons for dysbiosis, individual susceptibilities, are still unclear. Graft of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) would return to homeostasis by promoting the activation of endogenous MSCs. The second part of this work shows that periodontitis were potentially associated with 57 systemic diseases; the clinical trials registry of the World Health Organization have been analyzed. The efficacy and safety of the use of MSCs for periodontal regeneration in animal models have also been demonstrated. Yet the models suffered from methodological problems, periodontal lesions are few representative of the pathophysiology. This second part thus provides data on the effectiveness of ASC (CSM from adipose tissue) to improve quantitative and qualitative regeneration of periodontal supporting tissues in a mouse model where periodontal lesions were generated by repeated administration of parodonto-pathogenic bacteria. It is therefore a model whose pathophysiology is closer to that found in humans. Finally, the second part demonstrates broad antibacterial spectrum of ASC whose effect is both direct (macrophage-like effect) and indirect (via the secretion of antibacterial factors)
Sastourné-Arrey, Quentin. "Fonctions et mécanismes de contrôle de la mobilisation des cellules stromales du tissu adipeux dans le processus de régénération musculaire." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30091.
Full textSkeletal muscle is one of the few organs able to regenerate in mammals. After muscle injury, close interactions between muscle stem cells (the so-called satellites cells), immune cells and fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) via secreted chemokines and soluble factors are needed for optimal muscle regeneration. In the first days after muscle injury, the number of FAPs dramatically increases in the injured muscle. However, the biological origin of such early FAPs increase is unknown. We previously demonstrated that adipose stromal cells (ASCs) egress adipose tissue under inflammatory conditions (such as hind limb vaccination in mice). Interestingly, ASCs exhibit similar characteristics and biological properties with FAPs. Thus, we hypothesized that the early FAP increase observed after muscle injury was the result of ASCs mobilization from adipose tissue followed by their infiltration into the injured muscle. Our results show that 24 hours after muscle injury, FAP number increases in the injured muscle while no proliferation is observed. According to our hypothesis, the content of ASCs in the sub-cutaneous adipose tissue (ScAT) decreases though neither their apoptosis nor their necrosis was observed, suggesting that ASCs are mobilized from ScAT in response to muscle injury. To indeed demonstrate that ASCs exit ScAT and infiltrate the injured muscle we set up a murine model of adipose tissue grafting from CD34-GFP mouse (an ASCs marker) into wild type C57BL/6J mouse. Our results show that muscle injury triggers ASCs mobilization from ScAT and infiltrate the injured muscle. Furthermore, we described that blood platelets are involved in the mechanisms controlling ASCs trafficking. Altogether, our results show for the first time that adipose tissue is a reservoir of progenitor cells able to migrate endogenously to reach the injured muscle and to play a crucial role in its regeneration
Ziane, Sophia. "Développement et caractérisation d'un hydrogel thérapeutique pour la régénération du tissu osseux." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR21930/document.
Full textBone tissue is characterized by its mineralized matrix which is subject to formation and resorption activities ensuring its renewal and remodeling throughout the life. In case of damage, the bone can repair itself naturally to restore its integrity and its physical properties. Nevertheless, some pathologies or surgical procedures can lead to massive loss of bone and the natural process of self-repair is insufficient. First line, the bone graft is considered (autograft and allograft), however, due to reduced availability and risks of rejection and transmission of infectious agents, this technique is not feasible in all clinical situations. The surgeon can then make use of osteoconductive biomaterials but these are only usable in the case of filling of small defects because they are simply passive scaffold for bone formation. These limits may be exceeded through the concept of tissue enginee- ring, designing innovative biomaterials with high osteogenic power conferred by particular growth factors or osteoprogenitor cells. In our work we seek to develop a new product of tissue engineering to repair bone defects. The proposed strategy is based on the combination of a three-dimensional scaffold and adult stem cells derived from human adipose tissue (ASC). The originality of this system comes from the three-dimensional matrix, which is a thermosensitive hydrogel composed of synthetic monomeric Glycosyl-Nucleoside-Fluorinated (GNF) low molecular weight. In the field of bone regeneration, hydrogels are generally used as cellularized matrix molecules associated with osteogenic (BMP2, Beta-Glycerophosphate) or ions (Calcium : Ca2+, Phosphate : PO42-) to allow osteoblast differentiation of cells encapsulated in the gel. However, in our work, we have not used these osteogenic factors. Our study revealed that the hydrogel of GNF has the essential criteria to be used in clinical practice : non-toxicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, injectability and biointegration. Injections of gel/ASC complex performed in animal ectopic site have showed that the gel is formed in situ within 20 minutes and encapsulated cells survived and proliferated for several months. In situ, ASC were differentiated into mature osteoblasts expressing alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin and synthesizing an extracellular matrix rich in calcium phosphate. So, this work has allowed the development of an innovative product for tissue engineering, combining a three-dimensional scaffold, the GNF based hydrogel, a cellular component, the ASC. This cellularized matrix appears promising as injection system for clinical applications of bone regeneration
Jordao, Zélzima Amélia. "Preuve de concept de l'utilisation d'un scaffold résorbable obtenu par impression 3D pour la reconstruction de l'hypoderme." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILS019.
Full textNowadays, patients who have had the entire thickness of their skin destroyed, including the hypodermis, have access to clinical solutions with a number of limitations. At present, lipofilling is the main solution for hypodermis reconstruction, thanks to the wide availability of autologous adipose tissue and its ability to fill large volumes. However, the resorption rate is 80-90% due to the absence of vascularization. Tissue engineering can be an effective tool for developing a promising solution to improve the efficacy of lipofilling. The aim of this thesis is to develop a 3D-printed porous and resorbable scaffold to support vascular and adipose tissue regeneration. Synthetic bioresorbable polymers offer numerous advantages, such as ease of processing and adaptability (structure, properties, behavior, etc.), making them suitable for hypodermis repair. What's more, their combination with 3D printing makes it possible to create porous structures adapted to adipose tissue. Studies were carried out in 3 axes: choice of material, design and pre clinical validation. In vitro studies with PLCL and PDO showed that PLCL was more suitable for the development of the 3D scaffold. The SCO pattern was chosen for the design of the 3D scaffold, whose mechanical properties and porosity are compatible with soft tissue. Next, pre-clinical validation of the PLCL 3D scaffold, in the mouse model, proved that it can be used to improve survival and vascularization of adipose tissue
Lalande, Charlotte. "Développement d'un nouveau produit d'ingenierie tissulaire osseuse à base de polymères et de cellules souche du tissu adipeux." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR21853/document.
Full textBone tissue engineering may associate osteoprogenitor cells to a tridimensional scaffold that can promote tissue reconstruction in order to replace bone grafting strategies whose limitations are well known. This study aims to develop a new tissue-engineered construct for bone regeneration constituted by i) a tridimensional polysaccharide-based scaffold, ii) adult stem cells extracted from human adipose tissue and identify the best culture conditions needed to develop a functional construct for clinical use. Our results show that this macroporous scaffold offers, without any osteoinductive factors, a suitable architecture and composition for driving osteoblastic differentiation of ADSCs especially when placing the tissue-engineered construct in dynamic conditions, thanks to cell aggregate conformation promoting cell-to-cell interactions. Thanks to ADSCs labeling, the tissue-engineered construct can be tracked in vivo in a non invasive way by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), after their subcutaneous implantation. Results evidenced that this scaffold behaves as a cell carrier for of holding in its own cell fraction and delivering another fraction to the site of implantation for inducing a better tissue regeneration process. Finally, a serum free medium meeting standards GMPs (Good Manufacturing Practices) has been developed for inducing ADSCs osteoblastic differentiation as a first step towards clinical application.In conclusion, this polysaccharide-based scaffold associated with ADSCs, cultured under low fluid flow in a new bioreactor device, could be a relevant and promising tissue engineered construct for bone tissue engineering applications
Labit, Elodie. "Le tissu adipeux : tissu modèle pour étudier le lien entre organisation et fonction ainsi que la régénération tissulaire." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30101/document.
Full textAdipose tissue (AT) is very plastic tissue. During metabolic disease, it would be overdeveloped or atrophy. It is due to the fact that AT is i) energy storage thanks to white adipocyte and ii) energy consumer thanks to brown or brite adipocyte. The cellular composition is very well studied (adipocytes activity, proliferation, differenciation, link between AT stromal cells / adipocytes) but the tissue organization of AT is not known. During my thesis work, we study the i) tissular organization of white AT and ii) AT response after massive removal of white AT. Mice are used for this work. In the first step, our 3 dimensional imaging of white AT shows that AT is heterogeneous tissue: AT has 2 components: segmentable area, in the AT core and non-segmentable area, in the AT periphery. This structural heterogeneity is correlated with functional heterogeneity because segementable area differs to non-segmentable area from adipocyte shape and pattern genic expression. Furthermore, only segmentable area can be respond to cold exposure by Ucp1 up-regulation and browning genes markers. In the second step, massive ablation of subcutaneous white AT is performed on two mice strains: C57Bl/6 and MRL (known to be able to regenerate). MRL mice inguinal AT regenerate, unlike inguinal AT of C57Bl/6 mice. The use of antagonist of opioid receptor (naloxone) treatment leads regeneration AT in C57Bl/6. In opposite, opioid receptor agonist (tramadol) treatment in MRL mice inhibits AT regeneration. AT regeneration is dependant of burst oxydatif production by granulocytes. The use of the receptor knock down mice highlights that is the only receptor is involved in AT regeneration. More precisely, opioids effects are mediated by receptor on granulocyte immune cells
Abbo, Olivier. "Cellules stromales du tissu adipeux et cicatrisation : de la compréhension à l'application clinique pédiatrique." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30299.
Full textAdipose derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASC) are currently tested in regenerative medicine to promote tissue reconstruction after injury. In autologous purpose the possible loss of therapeutic function and cell properties during aging have been questioned in adult. To date no reliable information is available concerning ASC from pediatric patients and a better knowledge is required to intend their use for clinical applications. To address this issue, subcutaneous adipose tissue was collected from 27 donors aged 0-1 year and 50 donors aged 1-12 years and compared to adult ASC. Cells from the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and subsequent cultured ASC were tested in vitro for their extraction and proliferation yield, phenotype, immunomodulation effect, CFU-F content, adipogenic, osteoblastic and angiogenic potentials. Only a slightly higher amount in cell number and proliferative rate were found. None of the other parameters was significantly different. In vivo, pediatric ASC induced an increase in microangiographic score in a mouse model of limb ischemia, even though improvement in vascular density was not significantly correlated to limb rescue. Finally mRNA analysis using microarray approach identified that only 305 genes were differentially expressed (217 down- and 88 up-regulated) in pediatric versus adult ASC, confirming that ASC from both groups of age shared very close intrinsic properties. Finally, we assessed the potentiality of pASC in a murine burn model, designed to cope with our daily practice as pediatric surgeons. We confirmed that cellular therapy based on pASC is effective as it improves early wound healing parameters (epithelialization, retraction). Laser Doppler analysis shows an higher local cutaneous blood flow with ASC than with NaCl. Moreover, we were able to follow the presence of the cells during 21 days. This work precises essential pASC features, which assessment was mandatory before considering a clinical use for malformative or acquired pathology during childhood. Nevertheless, precise understanding of ASC action mechanism needs to be completed as long term inocuity needs to be confirmed and mode of delivery to be adapted to a potential surgical use
Vermeiren, Corentin. "Étude du rôle de l’apolipoprotéine L6 dans le tissu adipeux murin." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/279701.
Full textApolipoproteins L (APOL) are a family of conserved proteins among mammals. Murine APOL6 is mainly expressed by adipocytes in the adipose tissue. In a model of in vitro adipocyte cell culture, adipogenesis induced the expression of APOL6. This expression increased with IFNγ and decreased with TGFβ. Cyclic-AMP elevating agents also decreased the expression of APOL6. In vivo, APOL6 KO mice that were fed with a high fat diet gained less weight than their wild type (WT) counterparts. Furthermore, adipocytes from obese APOL6 KO mice were smaller than those from WT controls. Finally, immunoprecipitation experiments showed that APOL6 probably interacted with actin cytoskeleton proteins within adipocytes. In conclusion, APOL6 is likely associated with the actin cytoskeleton in adipocytes and could be involved in the regulation of the size of lipid droplets.
Option Biologie moléculaire du Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Côté, Julie Anne. "Nouveaux aspects de la biologie adipocytaire." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/30506.
Full textAdipose tissue has been considered a passive reservoir for energy, but we now know that it is also a secretory and endocrine organ. Because of increasing obesity rates, a lot of ressources are being committed to prevent adipose tissue accumulation and associated biological effects. In the last years, our advance in the understanding of adipose tissue biology has greatly evolved. New paradigms on adipose tissue have emerged, especially regarding: 1) its radiologic density (or radiologic attenuation); and 2) its plasticity. In this thesis, we studied these two concepts. The overall objective of this thesis was to characterize the phenomena surrounding adipose tissue density and plasticity. To achieve our objective, we have applied methodological approaches that allowed us to measure abdominal adipose tissue accumulation and attenuation using computed tomography in a cohort of 240 women. We showed that subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue attenuation is negatively and significantly associated with adipocyte size in the corresponding depot. Our results also demonstrated that women with adipocyte hypertrophy are characterized by an altered lipid profile compared to women with smaller adipocytes. Satistical adjustment for visceral adipose tissue area minimized these differences while subsequent adjustment for adipose tissue attenuation eliminated all differences. Our results suggest that fat cell size is a marker of adipose tissue radiologic attenuation and area, and therefore, an integrator of adipose tissue quality and quantity. We also studied the plasticity of the adipocyte precursors contained in the stromal-vascular fraction of adipose tissue and of mature adipocytes. To do so, we used flow cytometry analysis to characterize the phenotype of adipocyte precursors. We demonstrated that a subpopulation of CD45- CD31- CD34+ adipose progenitors express the cell surface protein CD38. These cells have higher levels of adipogenic genes compared to the CD45- CD31- CD34+ CD38- population. When cultivated, CD38+ cells show a greater adipogenic potential than the CD38- cells. We also found that obesity is associated with an increase in the number of CD38+ adipose progenitors, particularly in the intra-abdominal depot. Our results suggest that CD38 is a marker of commitment toward adipogenesis. Furtheremore, we studied the process of mature adipocyte dedifferentiation as a good example of adipose tissue plasticity. We examined changes in gene expression during the dedifferentiation process using microarray analysis. We found a decrease in the expression of genes associated with mature adipocyte functions and an increase in the expression of genes associated with cellular reprogramming, cell cycle and extra-cellular matrix. We have also developed a cellular culture system that allows us to dedifferentiate mature adipocytes and to modulate various aspects of the process. This allowed us to demonstrate a role for the Transforming growth factor β signaling in modulating collagen gene expression during dedifferentiation. Finally, we performed immunofluorescence and time-lapse microscopy experiments to characterize the process of mature adipocyte dedifferentiation. We demonstrated that adipocyte dedifferentiation is completely prevented by agents blocking cell division. We also observed binucleated adipocytes throughout the ceiling culture process and markers of mitosis. In conclusion, our studies allowed us to characterize various novel aspects of adipose tissue related to specific biological process, which have their roots in the adipocyte life cycle. They include hypertrophic expansion, cellular proliferation and differentiation, and adipocyte dedifferentiation. This is of significant importance in our understanding of adipose tissue dynamics.
Jouvion, Grégory. "Sélection de progéniteurs myogéniques issus du tissu musculaire : utilisation de la taille et de l’adhérence cellulaires." Rennes 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN1S161.
Full textThe experimental procedures classically used to isolate the myogenic precursors, i. E. , the satellite cells, in fact supply a heterogeneous population of mononucleated cells among whom are progenitor cells with stem cell features. By using counterflow centrifugal elutriation, we showed that muscle-extracted cell size allow to sort a marginal population of immature progenitors or poorly committed cells in the myogenic program, on the basis of the small cell size. The successive plating technique (called “preplating technique”) allowed us to select progenitor cells after 6 days in culture, using initial adhesion delay. Combination of these two experimental approaches allowed us to obtain, after only 24 hours, a highly enriched population in myogenic progenitors that could display a higher efficiency compared to myoblasts in cell therapy experiments for muscle genetic diseases