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Journal articles on the topic "TIPS-1 (Computer program)"
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Purwo. "DEVELOPING INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA MATERIAL TEXT RECOUNT ORAL AND WRITE ABOUT SIMPLE EXPERIENCES FOR EFL STUDENTS." Wiralodra English Journal 3, no. 2 (October 16, 2019): 355–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31943/wej.v3i2.53.
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The aims of research are: (1) to describe the condition and potency of current learning on the basic material text recount, (2) to produce teaching-learning materials Compact Disc (CD) interactive multimedia which is integrated with basic competence in the form of procedural text with manuals and tips and it was conducted at one semester students EFL Data were collected through observation, questionnaires, and tests. Analyze data uses descriptive and Gain test. The conclusions of research are; (1) EFL has the potency of using IT, tools and infrastructure of computer, teaching material to support the teaching process, (2) the process produced the product through Lectora program, (3) The teaching and learning process utilizing interactive multimedia teaching material is more effective, shown by N-Gain score 0.71, (4) after using interactive multimedia, the teaching and learning process can save 90 minutes compared to the previous lesson, (5) learning using interactive multimedia interesting, in organizing strategy (87.00%), in terms of delivery (84,97%), and in terms of program management strategies to obtain optimal learning results (85.04%).
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Trapsilo, Purwo. "Developing Interactive Multimedia, Material Rule of Simple Past Tense Early Childhood Education Programs STKIP Kumala Metro Lampung." Pedagogy : Journal of English Language Teaching 6, no. 2 (February 28, 2019): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.32332/pedagogy.v6i2.1222.
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The aims of the research are: (1) to describe the condition and potency of current learning on the basic material Simple Past tense, (2) to produce teaching learning materials Compact Disc (CD) interactive multimedia which is integrated with basic competence in the form of procedural text with manuals and tips, (3) to analyze the effectiveness, (4) to find efficiency, and (5) to find attractiveness of the program.The method of the research used research and development and it was conducted at one semester students STKIP KUMALA Data were collected through observation, questionnaires and tests. Analyze data uses descriptive and Gain test. The conclusions of research are; (1) STKIP KUMALA has the potency of using IT, tools and infrastructure of computer, teaching material to support the teaching process, (2) the process produced the product through lector program, (3) The teaching and learning process utilizing interactive multimedia teaching material is more effective, shown by N-Gain score 0.71, (4) after using interactive multimedia, the teaching and learning process can save 90 minutes compared to the previous lesson, (5) learning using interactive multimedia interesting, in organizing strategy (87.00%), in terms of delivery (84,97%), and in terms of program management strategies to obtain optimal learning results (85.04%).
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Barlow, D., M. A. Sleigh, and R. J. White. "WATER FLOWS AROUND THE COMB PLATES OF THE CTENOPHORE PLEUROBRACHIA PLOTTED BY COMPUTER: A MODEL SYSTEM FOR STUDYING PROPULSION BY ANTIPLECTIC METACHRONISM." Journal of Experimental Biology 177, no. 1 (April 1, 1993): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.177.1.113.
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Patterns of water flow around steadily beating comb plates of Pleurobrachia pileus were tracked using suspended plastic beads. The positions of the beads and the comb plates in the plane of the central longitudinal axis of the comb row were digitised from high-speed cine films covering several beat cycles. All of the data from each sequence were combined using a computer program which integrated them into a standard cycle, and the resulting data were plotted by a second computer program to produce charts for different stages in the beat cycle showing the flow velocity at a grid of points. On these charts, contour maps were drawn to indicate the speed and direction of the water flow. Water is drawn towards each comb row from ahead and from the sides and accelerates strongly backwards in a fairly narrow stream which joins those from the other seven comb rows at the rear of the animal. At a beat frequency of 10 Hz the comb plates move with a tip speed of up to 70 mm s-1 in their effective stroke; they have an estimated Reynolds number of 9 in this stroke. Changes in inter- plate volume between adjacent antiplectically coordinated plates are very important in propulsion, particularly near the end of the effective stroke when pairs of adjacent plates close together and cause the high-speed water from around the ciliary tips to be shed into the overlying stream as a series of jets at speeds of 50 mm s-1 or more. The antiplectic coordination of the comb plates makes a major contribution to the efficiency of propulsion.
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Crosby, Kevin, David Wolff, and Marvin Miller. "Comparisons of Root Morphology in Susceptible and Tolerant Melon Cultivars before and after Infection by Monosporascus cannonballus." HortScience 35, no. 4 (July 2000): 681–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.4.681.
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The fungus Monosporascus cannonballus Pollock and Uecker infects melon (Cucumis melo L.) roots and causes root rot/vine decline disease, which has reduced productivity of commercial muskmelon and honeydew cultivars in South Texas. To assess the impact of the fungus on several root traits, two greenhouse experiments were carried out over two seasons. A comparison of inoculated vs. control root systems was carried out with four melon cultivars representing both susceptible (`Magnum 45' and `Caravelle') and tolerant types (`Deltex' and `Doublon'). The sand medium was inoculated with 50–60 colony forming units (CFUs) per gram of the severe Monosporascus strain, TX90-25. After a 30-day growth period, the control and inoculated root systems were carefully cleaned and evaluated. Roots were scanned by a computer and the data were analyzed by the Rhizo Pro 3.8 program. The traits of interest included total root length, average root diameter, number of root tips, number of fine roots (0–0.5 mm), and number of small roots (0.5–1 mm). Significant differences existed between the two tolerant cultivars and the two susceptible ones for four of the traits. Total root length, fine and small root length, and root tip number were greater for `Deltex' than for both susceptible cultivars and greater for `Doublon' than for `Caravelle'. The results suggest that tolerance to this pathogen is closely linked to the integrity of the root structure. The potential for improving root vigor to combat root rot/vine decline merits further investigation.
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Boccolini, Cristiano, Patricia Boccolini, and Raquel Mezzavilla. "National System to Monitor the International Code of Breast Milk Substitutes in Brazil: SisNBCAL." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa051_002.
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Abstract Objectives We aim to describe the research protocols developed for the System to Monitor the International Code for Breast Milk Substitutes NBCAL in Brazil (known as “The Brazilian Code”). Methods We have developed an internet-based program for ongoing monitoring of the Brazilian Code. Eleven institutions from all the 5 Brazilian regions were involved to develop and validate a standardized questionnaire to monitor retail stores and health facilities. This questionnaire was adapted to the system and can be filled in a computer or mobile device. Three users were designed: citizens, governmental agencies, research institutions, with different accesses and data entry. Results Besides the creation of a questionnaire, we have developed standardized indicators to enable in-country comparations regarding the type of Brazilian Code violations, namely: 1. frequency of marketing by product groups and by type of commercial establishment; 2. prevalence of infringement by product group and by type of commercial establishment; 3. prevalence of each commercial promotion strategy by type of establishment; 4. prevalence of infractions of infant formulas and childcare-related products by company. Violation of the Brazilian Code was categorized in the price discounts or offers, special exposure on gondola tips or in highlighted displays and the distribution of promotional gifts or free samples of these items are prohibited. We have found violations of the Brazilian Code in 60,1% of the 1487 retail stores evaluated and 24,2% of the 14 hospitals accessed. Conclusions Understand and evaluate the main marketing strategies and violations of the Brazilian Code” trough the Sis-NBCAL is essential to progress in strengthening compliance with the “Code” and subsequent protection of the breastfeeding, guaranteeing a marketing-free environment to enable mothers and their families to make the best food choices for their children. Funding Sources Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/Ministry of Health: “Idéias Inovadoras” grant.
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Derksen, Marloes E., Monique WM Jaspers, Sander van Strijp, and Mirjam P. Fransen. "Mobile Health for Smoking Cessation Among Disadvantaged Young Women During and After Pregnancy: User-Centered Design and Usability Study." JMIR Formative Research 5, no. 8 (August 4, 2021): e24112. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/24112.
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Background Smoking prevalence during and after pregnancy remains high among socioeconomically disadvantaged women. Mobile health (mHealth) apps with game and social support elements seem promising to support smoking cessation. Objective This study aims to describe the user-centered design and usability evaluation of Kindle, an mHealth app with game and social support elements, to support disadvantaged young women during and after pregnancy through the first stages of smoking cessation. Methods Disadvantaged women (n=9), members of their social networks (n=4), and nurses supporting these women (n=51) were informants throughout the iterative prototype development of Kindle according to the International Organization for Standardization 9241-11:2018. Specific phases included understanding the context of use through secondary analysis of qualitative interview data (phase 1), establishing the user and organizational requirements (phase 2), production of design solutions (phase 3), and usability inspection of the prototype through a heuristic evaluation (3 experts) along with user testing by a think aloud method (5 disadvantaged women and 5 nurses; phase 4). Usability problems were categorized according to the principles of the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society. Results Phase 1 resulted in an understanding of the VoorZorg program and the needs of VoorZorg nurses and clients (eg, focus on early stages of change and building new supportive networks to aid clients in smoking cessation). In phase 2, we established requirements (n=22; eg, mHealth app, secure communication between nurses and clients, easy-to-use interfaces, inclusion of game elements, and tailoring at early stages of change in smoking cessation). Phase 3 resulted in a prototype of Kindle, combining the interface for nurses and clients, including the following functionalities: personal goal setting with earning points; secured chat function between nurses and other clients; and tips, diary, and profile creation. The heuristic evaluation and thinking aloud method in phase 4 revealed 78 usability problems in the interfaces. Most usability problems concerned simplicity (eg, unclear clickable button) and naturalness (eg, unclear icon). Conclusions The user-centered design and usability testing of the mHealth app Kindle yielded useful insights. The involvement of end users, specifically socioeconomically disadvantaged women during and after their pregnancy, resulted in a prototype that met their needs and requirements (eg, mHealth app, secure communication between nurses and clients, easy-to-use interfaces, inclusion of game elements, and tailoring to the early stages of change in smoking cessation) to achieve readiness for smoking cessation. Moreover, the usability evaluation by end users and experts revealed unique usability problems for this population. These insights allow for further optimization of Kindle and encourage future studies to engage disadvantaged populations in all phases of mHealth intervention design and usability testing.
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Benítez Cortés, R. P., J. A. González Reyes, P. Aguilar Navarrete, and M. F. Y. Camacho González. "LabUAE - Un software para la gestión del uso de equipo de cómputo." Tecnología Educativa Revista CONAIC 5, no. 2 (January 25, 2021): 23–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32671/terc.v5i2.74.
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La Licenciatura en Sistemas Computacionales (LSC) de la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, es un programa académico de calidad acreditado por el Consejo Nacional de Acreditación en Informática y Computación A. C. (CONAIC) en el año de 2016. La acreditación es un proceso que evalúa diversos criterios e indicadores de un programa académico. Esto sugiere que, como consecuencia de la evaluación, emerjan observaciones que deben resolverse a fin de elevar y / o mantener la calidad del programa. En el presente trabajo, se exponen en particular 2 observaciones que CONAIC hizo a la LSC en el criterio de infraestructura, que sugieren mayor eficiencia en 1) el servicio de préstamo de equipo, material y laboratorios, y 2) en el registro de fallos y mantenimiento de los equipos. Para ello, se integró un equipo de trabajo para desarrollar LabUAE, a fin de mejorar los procesos anteriores y potenciar otras particularidades que sería difícil lograr sin un software de este tipo. Resultados preliminares de la producción de LabUAE, demuestran que además de solventarse las observaciones de CONAIC, es posible generar indicadores para mejorar la planeación del mantenimiento al equipo de cómputo, y la adquisición de materiales y otros insumos.
Computer Systems Program (LSC) of the Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, is a Quality Academic Program due to an accreditation process runned by the Consejo Nacional de Acreditación en Informática y Computación A. C. (CONAIC) on 2016. An accreditation is a process which evaluates several criteria as well as indicators of Academic Programs. This suggests that, as a consequence of an evaluation, observations are pointed in order to improve or to maintain the quality of an Academic Program. In this paper, two particular observations are pointed to the LSC about infrastructure criteria, suggesting more efficiency on 1) equipment, material and laboratories hire service and 2) failure and equipment maintenance log. Therefore, a work team was gathered to develop LabUAE, and to improve such processes and also to enhance some other peculiarities that couldn´t be achieved without it. Preliminary results from LabUAE, show that, besides it can solve all observations pointed by the CONAIC, is possible to get more data in order to upgrade maintenance planning for computer equipment and to acquire material and other supplies.
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Paulus, Santo, Syaiful Bakhri, and Tukiran Surbakti. "PERHITUNGAN INVENTORI NUKLIDA PADA PIN SEL BAHAN BAKAR REAKTOR PWR." SIGMA EPSILON - Buletin Ilmiah Teknologi Keselamatan Reaktor Nuklir 25, no. 2 (November 28, 2021): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17146/sigma.2021.25.2.6451.
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Perhitungan fisika reaktor untuk deplesi bahan bakar telah dilakukan, yang mengarah pada inventori isotop Pu di dalam bahan bakar sisa. Perhitungan inventori sotop bahan bakar dilakukan dengan program computer WIMSD-5B menggunakan data nuklir ENDFB-VII.1. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memprediksi jumlah atom Pu didalam bahan bakar selama reactor dioperasikan 3 tahun. Nilai parameter fluks dihitung program WIMSD dengan model pin bahan bakar yang terletak di zona bahan bakar aktif. Bahan bakar yang dimodelnya terdiri dari tipe A dan B. Hasil perhitungan faktor perkalian tak hingga pin sel PWR yang dihitung menggunakan paket program WIMSD berturut-turut adalah 1,13614 dan 1,19171 untuk bahan bakar tipe A dan B. Dari hasil perhitungan dapat dinyatakan bahwa jumlah Pu yang tersisa tergantung pada model bahan bakar yang digunakan. Nilai faktor perkalian tak hingga juga sangat dipengaruhi oleh bentuk model bahan bakar yang digunakan
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Fankhauser, Rolf. "Influence of systematic errors from tipping bucket rain gauges on recorded rainfall data." Water Science and Technology 37, no. 11 (June 1, 1998): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0450.
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Tipping bucket rain gauges (TBR) are widely used in urban hydrology. The present study investigated the uncertainties in recorded rainfall intensity induced by the following properties of the TBR: depth resolution i.e. the bucket volume, calibration parameters, wetting and evaporation losses and the method of data recording (time between tips or tips per minute). The errors were analysed by means of a TBR simulator i.e. a simulation program that models the behaviour of a TBR. Rainfall data disaggregated to 6 seconds from measured 1-min data and randomly varied were taken as input to the simulator. Different TBR data series were produced by changing the properties of the simulated rain gauge. These data series together with the original rainfall events were used as input to a rainfall-runoff model. Computed overflow volume and peak discharge from a combined sewer overflow (CSO) weir were compared. Errors due to depth resolution (i.e. the bucket size) proved to be small. Therefore TBRs with a depth resolution up to 0.254 mm can be used in urban hydrology without inducing significant errors. Wetting and evaporation losses caused small errors. The method of data recording had also little influence. For larger bucket volumes variable time step recording induced smaller errors than tips per minute recording.
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Buyung, Nintia Litano, and Endang Suhendar. "Implementasi Integer Programming dengan Algoritma Branch and Bound Menggunakan QM for Windows dalam Memaksimalkan Keuntungan di PT XYZ." Applied Industrial Engineering Journal 5, no. 1 (September 1, 2021): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33633/aiej.v5i1.3282.
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AbstractIn maximizing the profits to be obtained the company needs optimal production planning. The plan considers the resources of the company. PT XYZ is a furniture company. This research focuses on optimizing production planning on the manufacture of door products at PT. XYZ. There are several types of products issued in: D1 type door, D2 type door, D3 type door, and D4 type door. Production planning at PT. XYZ can be seen as an integer program model, which is a method related to optimizing resources to increase profits. Optimization is done by determining the amount of production for each type and each calculating existing resources. The solution search for this model is done by the Branch and Bound algorithm. Based on the calculation results using QM software for Windows, the amount corresponding to production is obtained by using Branches and Bound giving an increase of 36.5% compared to the acquisition of PT. XYZ before. Keywords: Branch and Bound Algorithms, Integer Programming,Optimization AbstrakDalam memaksimalkan keuntungan yang akan diperoleh perusahaan perlu adanya perencanaan produksi yang optimal. Perencanaan tersebut mempertimbangkan ketersediaan sumber daya pada perusahaan. PT XYZ merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang furniture. Penelitian ini fokus kepada pengoptimalan perencanaan produksi pada pembuatan produk pintu di PT.XYZ. Terdapat beberapa jenis produk yang diproduksi di antaranya: Pintu tipe D1, Pintu tipe D2, Pintu tipe D3, dan Pintu tipe D4. Perencanaan produksi di PT.XYZ ini dapat dikatakan sebagai model program integer, karena semua variabel menghendaki hasilnya berupa bilangan bulat. Program tersebut berhubungan dengan pengoptimalan ketersediaan sumber daya bertujuan untuk memaksimalkan keuntungan. Pengoptimalan yang dilakukan yaitu dengan menentukan jumlah produksi untuk masing-masing tipe serta mempertimbangkan semua ketersediaan sumber daya yang ada. Pencarian solusi untuk model ini dilakukan dengan algoritma Branch and Bound. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan menggunakan software QM for Windows, diketahui bahwa penentuan jumlah produksi dengan menggunakan algoritma Branch and Bound memberikan peningkatan keuntungan sebesar 36.5% dibandingkan dengan keuntungan PT.XYZ sebelumnya. Kata kunci: Optimasi, program integer, algoritma Branch and BoundReferensi[1] Sofyan Assauri. Manajemen Produksi dan Operasi. Lembaga Penerbit FakultasEkonomi Universitas Indonesia. Jakarta. 2008.[2] Winston, W. L. Operations Research: Applications and Algorithms. Edisi Keempat.Canada: Brooks/Cole-Thomson Learning. 2004.[3] Akram, S. A., dan Jaya, A. I. Optimalisasi Produksi Roti dengan Menggunakan Metode Branch and Bound (Studi Kasus Pada Pabrik Roti Syariah Bakery, Jl. Maleo, Lrg.VIII No. 68 Palu). Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika dan Terapan, 13(2): 98-107. 2016.[4] Jiao, H. W., dkk. An Effective Branch and Bound Algorithm for MinimaxLinear Fractional Programming. Journal of Applied Mathematics, Volume 2014: 8. 2014.[5] Williams, H. P. The Problem with Integer Programming. Journal of Management Mathematics, 22(3): 213-230. 2011.[6] Falani, I. Penentuan Nilai Parameter Metode Exponential Smoothing dengan Algoritma Genetik dalam Meningkatkan Akurasi Forecasting. Journal of Computer Engineering System and Science, 3(1): 14–16. 2018.[7] Mehdizadeh, E., dan Jalili, S. An Algorithm Based on Theory of Constraints and Branch and Bound for Solving Integrated Product-Mix-Outsourcing Problem. Journal of Optimization in Industrial Engineering, 12(1): 167-172. 2019.[8] Taylor, B. W. Introduction to Management Science. Edisi ke-11. United States of America: Prentice-Hall International, INC. 2013[9] Puryani., dan Ristono, A. Penelitian Operasional. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu. 2012.[10] Yusrah N. dkk. Implementasi Algoritma Branch and Bound Dalam Penentuan Jumlah Produksi Untuk Memaksimalkan Keuntungan. Jurnal String Vol. 3 No. 1 Agustus 2018. ISSN: 2527-9661[11] Taha, H. A. Operations Research: An Introduction. Edisi ke-8. United States of America: Prentice-Hall International, INC. 2007.
Books on the topic "TIPS-1 (Computer program)"
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Weisskopf, Gene. Lotus 1-2-3 tips and tricks. 2nd ed. San Francisco: SYBEX, 1990.
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Weisskopf, Gene. Lotus 1-2-3 tips and tricks. San Francisco: Sybex, 1988.
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Weisskopf, Gene. Lotus 1-2-3 tips and tricks. 2nd ed. Singapore: Tech Publications, 1990.
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Ford, Cobb Douglas, Weil Bill, and McBeen Janet, eds. 1-2-3 tips, tricks, and traps. 2nd ed. Indianapolis, Ind: Que Corp., 1986.
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Andersen, Dick. 1-2-3 tips, tricks, and traps. 3rd ed. Carmel, IN: Que Corp., 1989.
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Badgett, Tom. The insider's guide to Lotus 1-2-3: Tips you won't find in the manual. Glenview, Ill: Scott, Foresman, 1987.
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Lotus magazine, the good ideas book: Tips and techniques for mastering 1-2-3 and Symphony. Reading, Mass: Addison-Wesley Pub. Co., 1988.
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Co, Glencoe Publishing, ed. Lotus tips: The introductory program. New York, N.Y: Glencoe, 1993.
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Lotus Tips: The Introductory Program (A Glencoe Series). Glencoe/Mcgraw-Hill, 1995.
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Lotus Tips: The Introductory Program (A Glencoe Series). Glencoe/Mcgraw-Hill, 1995.
Find full textConference papers on the topic "TIPS-1 (Computer program)"
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Liu, D. L., J. Martin, and N. A. Burnham. "Optimum Roughness for Minimum Adhesion." In STLE/ASME 2008 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2008-71192.
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Surface roughness has a significant affect on adhesion. We used a single-asperity model to describe a smooth tip in contact with a rough surface and predicted that an optimal size of asperity will yield a minimum of adhesion. Experimentally, adhesive forces on silicon wafers with varying roughness were measured using AFM cantilevers with varying tip radii. It was found that minima do exist, and for all tip radii, the adhesion falls significantly for roughness greater than 1–2 nm and drops at higher roughness for larger tips. In addition to RMS roughness, the roughness exponent is another important parameter for the characterization of rough surfaces and its affect on adhesion was also investigated. We developed computer programs to simulate a set of fractal rough surfaces with differing roughness exponents. The adhesive forces between an AFM tip and the fractal surfaces were calculated and the adhesion was seen to decrease as the roughness exponent increases. This work should help minimize MEMS stiction and progress the understanding of nanoscale contact mechanics.
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Parmar, Shreya, Xin Wang, Bill (W R. ). Tyson, and Su Xu. "Simulation of Ductile Fracture in Pipeline Steels Under Varying Constraint Conditions Using Cohesive Zone Modeling." In ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45873.
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Fracture propagation toughness is important to pipeline steels. In this study, the effect of non-singular T-stress (a measure of constraint) on crack growth resistance curves (R-curves) and crack tip opening angle (CTOA) was investigated using modified boundary layer (MBL) models of pipeline steels. Two sets of steel types: 1) TH (a typical high strength steel) and 2) C4 (X100 steel) were used in this work. Surface-based cohesive zone models with four sets of bilinear traction-separation (TS) laws were used for TH steel. The models of C4 steel were computed using element-based cohesive zone modeling with one bilinear TS law. All finite element simulations were conducted using the finite element (FE) program ABAQUS. It was assumed in these simulations that there was no effect of T-stress on the TS laws per se. With this assumption, it was found that the T-stress does not have a significant effect on the CTOA for the two materials studied.
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Shieh, Menq-Dar, Carl Crane, and Joseph Duffy. "Path Planning for Spatial Robots With Multiple Spherical and Cylindrical Obstacles Inside the Workspace." In ASME 1992 International Computers in Engineering Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cie1992-0133.
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Abstract Algorithms which can rapidly generate collision free paths for the end effector tip of a spatial 4R manipulator with multiple spherical or cylindrical obstacles inside the workspace have been successfully developed. The algorithms are based on the geometry of the manipulator workspace. The problem of guiding the spatial 4R manipulator while avoiding the obstacles is reduced to that of moving a point and at the same time avoiding rectangles in a Inclination Angle Coordinate System (IACS). The complexity of the path planning is reduced from the 3D case to the 2D case in the IACS, and the speed of generating the collision free paths is improved significantly without losing the characteristics of 3D path planning. The algorithms have been successfully implemented in a Silicon Graphics 4D-70GT workstation to verify the results. The computation time for generating 10 collision free paths with 7 spherical obstacles or 10 cylindrical obstacles inside the workspace is 1 or 2 seconds. Also, the algorithms, which are designed as interactive programs, are modified to guide a spatial T3586 robot around pipes with circular cross sections.
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Karpat, F., S. Ekwaro-Osire, T. G. Yilmaz, O. Dogan, and C. Yuce. "Design and Analysis of Internal Gears With Different Rim Thickness and Shapes." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-52211.
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In recent years, thanks to their significant advantages such as compactness, large torque-to-weight ratio, large transmission ratios, reduced noise and vibrations, internal gears have been used in automotive and aerospace applications especially in planetary gear drives. Although internal gears have a number of advantages, they have not been studied sufficiently. Internal gears are manufactured by pinion type cutters which are nearly identical with pinion gear except the addendum factor which is 1.25 instead of 1. The tip geometry of a pinion type cutter which determines the fillet of internal gear tooth can be sharp or rounded. In this study, the design of internal gears were investigated by using a traditional approach. Mathematical equations of pinion type cutter were obtained by using differential geometry, then the equations of internal gear tooth were derived accurately by using coordinate transformations and relative motion between the pinion type cutter and internal gear blank. A computer program was generated to attain points of internal gear teeth and three dimensional design of complete gear. 20°-20° were used as pressure angle. To find optimum internal gear geometry, different rim thicknesses and shapes are tried out for finite element analyses. There were several parameters that were shown to effect the performance of the internal gears, with tooth stiffness being the most significant parameter. Tooth stiffness was also vitally influence the dynamic analysis. In order to compute gear tooth stiffness of the internal gear with various rim thicknesses and shapes, finite element analysis was used. A static analysis was performed to assess the gear bending stress and tooth displacement. Tetrahedral element type was selected for meshing. The internal gear outer ring was fixed and the force of 2500 N was applied on the tooth. According to the displacement values from the analysis internal gear tooth stiffness were calculated individually. Additionally, the effect of root bending stress with varying rim thickness, shapes, and root radius were investigated. The bending stresses were calculated according to ISO 6336 and using finite element analysis were shown to be in good agreement. It was shown that when the rim thickness and fillet radius were increased, the maximum bending stresses decreased considerably. As rim thickness was increased, the maximum bending stress decreased nearly 23%. It was also shown that as the fillet radius decreased, the maximum bending stress increased, whereas the rim stresses slightly changed. As the fillet radius was decreased, the maximum bending stress increased nearly 10%. It was also observed that when rim thickness was increased, the stress on the rim was decreased, whereas tooth stiffness was increased. However, fillet radius had no visible effect both on rim stress and tooth stiffness. Furthermore, it was shown that the rim shape had significant effect on rim stress.
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Matsuda, Takashi, Motohiro Sato, and Satoshi Matsui. "Optimum Tooth-Surface Modification for Axis-Displaced Involute Helical Gear Drive With Parallel Axes." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-34084.
Full textAbstract:
Gear drives, which have larger misalignment than the maximum tolerance of misalignment for gear drives with parallel axes in the Standard of Japanese Gear Manufacture’s Association (JGMA Standard 114-02), are designated as axis-displaced gear drives in this study. So, axis-displacement is used in place of the misalignment. And tooth-surface modification for axis-displaced gear drives has been studied by the authors. In this study, design system for optimum tooth-surface modification is developed for axis-displaced involute helical gear drives, which are sensitive to gear misalignment, to reduce the sensitivity to misalignment and to provide the high productivity and reliability. The system is composed of; (1) Virtual rack, which is conjugate to mating standard helical gear pair in their standard relative motion, is defined for pinion and gear tooth-surface generation. And axis-displacement is relative displacement between the virtual rack and each gear, or between pinion and gear. (2) Axis-displaced tooth-surface of each gear is defined as the envelope of virtual rack tooth-surface family in their regular motion transmission (zero transmission error) under an axis-displacement. (3) Basic tooth-surface of each gear is built by combining the axis-displaced tooth-surfaces under various axis-displacements. (4) Basic rack tooth-surface for each gear is obtained as the envelope of the basic tooth-surface family in their regular relative motion. (5) It is illustrated how to get optimum rack tooth-surface from the basic rack tooth-surface. (6) Optimum tooth-surface of each gear is generated as the envelope of the optimum rack tooth-surface family in their regular relative motion. (7) Undercut around dedendum, and tooth thickness on tip circle of the optimum pinion tooth-surface are checked. (8) The performances of testing gear drive with the optimum tooth-surface of each gear are analyzed by TCA (Tooth Contact Analysis) program developed for analysis of meshing and bearing contact. The above-mentioned system is illustrated with its application for testing involute helical gear drive. As a result, it is ascertained that the system can provide the gear drive favorable tooth bearing contact and motion transmission, even in 10 times misalignment of the maximum tolerance in JGMA Standard 114-02.
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Mehta, B. V., and R. Marinescu. "Comparison of Image Generation and Processing Techniques for 3D Reconstruction of the Human Skull." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32592.
Full textAbstract:
Although in the last few years, the use of the non-invasive medical techniques for diagnosis and treatment has experienced a huge development, mainly due to advancement in technology, for research and education these methods are still elaborate, expensive and not readily accessible. The purpose of our study was to compare the accuracy of an unconventional, non-invasive and relatively inexpensive Microscribe (3D digitizer) with a standard widely used and expensive CT-Scan and/or MRI for 3D reconstruction of a human skull, which will be used for biomechanics studies. Two models of the human skull were developed (reconstructed), one using the 3D coordinates generated by the Microscribe 3D digitizing unit and another one using the CT-Scans (2D cross-sections) obtained from a GE scanner. Using the hand-held digitizer, the Microscribe, X, Y and Z coordinates of a human skull were generated to create the first computer model. The 3D coordinates were brought as splines in to 3D Studio Max, a 3D modeling software, and U-lofted to form a solid NURBS model. The Microscribe captures the physical properties of a three-dimensional object and translates them into a 3D model. This kind of device is used to collect data directly from the surface of the study object. The stylus tip is moved over the contour of the object following its surface until the entire surface is digitized. Usually, points are drawn on the object’s surface in order to facilitate the digitizing process. 3D Studio Max takes this “raw” data and produces complex 3D models using various modeling techniques. For making the first skull model a technique called DRAW SPLINES was used. This method allows the user to begin a new spline or to do multiple splines by adding splines to those already created. I used this command to digitize my model because it is easy to use, quick and it gives the most accurate result. The final model was obtained in three steps: half of the skull was digitized and the first object was obtained, the MicroscribeSpline object (Fig. 1). The splines were transformed in NURBS curves and the second object was called NURBS Curves object. Finally, in the third phase, the NURBS curves were transformed in NURBS surfaces using the NURBS surface command, U-LOFT, and the final model, NURBS surface object, was obtained (Fig. 2). The entire skull was obtained from 2 identical halves of the same skull. The model was created using symmetry method because of the model’s organic complexity. The solid model was then exported to FEA software for analysis. (Fig. 3) The second skull model was created using the 2-D cross-sections obtained from the GE Helical Hi Speed - FX/i scanner (Fig. 4). The same skull used in the first part of the study, for modeling the first virtual model, was scanned following both sagittal and frontal planes. The interslice distance was set as being 3 mm. 48 CT slices for every analyzed plane were obtained. The CT cross-sections were captured as DICOM files using the E-film software and exported as TIFF images. The TIFF images were brought into OPTIMAS (image analysis software), which extracted the X, Y coordinates of each cross section using the POINT MORPHOMETRY option. A visual basic program was developed to convert the extracted coordinates to closed curves under Unigraphics SolidEdge software. To obtain the final model, the external boundaries of each cross section were lofted using LOFT PROTRUSION command. To find the best result, a second approach was developed in parallel using Adobe STREAMLINE and image processing software, which extracts the boundaries of each cross section and exports them as DXF files, compatible with the Solid Edge program. Both models were then subjected to stress analysis using Finite Element Analysis software. The analysis results obtained from the two scanning techniques will be discussed and presented, including the pros and cons of using the more accurate and expensive CT-scans versus the inexpensive hand-held scanner and their effects on finite element models. For this study, different image processing software such as OSIRIS, SCION IMAGE, EFILM, 3D DOCTOR, OPTIMAS and STREAMLINE were investigated in order to find the best interface to capture, reconstruct and model body data. The features, availability, cost and user-friendliness of these software tools will also be presented.